1 systemd System and Service Manager
4 * Note that we skipped 139 releases here in order to set the
5 new version to something that is greater than both udev's
6 and systemd's most recent version number.
8 * udev: all udev sources are merged into the systemd source tree now.
9 All future udev development will happen in the systemd tree. It
10 is still fully supported to use the udev daemon and tools without
11 systemd running, like in initramfs or other init systems. Building
12 udev though, will require the *build* of the systemd tree, but
13 udev can be properly *run* without systemd.
15 * udev: /lib/udev/devices/ are not read anymore; systemd-tmpfiles
16 should be used to create dead device nodes as workarounds for broken
19 * udev: RUN+="socket:..." and udev_monitor_new_from_socket() is
20 no longer supported. udev_monitor_new_from_netlink() needs to be
21 used to subscribe to events.
23 * udev: when udevd is started by systemd, processes which are left
24 behind by forking them off of udev rules, are unconditionally cleaned
25 up and killed now after the event handling has finished. Services or
26 daemons must be started as systemd services. Services can be
27 pulled-in by udev to get started, but they can no longer be directly
30 * udev: the daemon binary is called systemd-udevd now and installed
31 in /usr/lib/systemd/. Standalone builds or non-systemd systems need
32 to adapt to that, create symlink, or rename the binary after building
35 * libudev no longer provides these symbols:
36 udev_monitor_from_socket()
37 udev_queue_get_failed_list_entry()
38 udev_get_{dev,sys,run}_path()
39 The versions number was bumped and symbol versioning introduced.
41 * systemd-loginctl and systemd-journalctl have been renamed
42 to loginctl and journalctl to match systemctl.
44 * The config files: /etc/systemd/systemd-logind.conf and
45 /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf have been renamed to
46 logind.conf and journald.conf. Package updates should rename
47 the files to the new names on upgrade.
49 * For almost all files the license is now LGPL2.1+, changed
50 from the previous GPL2.0+. Exceptions are some minor stuff
51 of udev (which will be changed to LGPL2.1 eventually, too),
52 and the MIT licensed sd-daemon.[ch] library that is suitable
53 to be used as drop-in files.
55 * systemd and logind now handle system sleep states, in
56 particulary suspending and hibernating.
58 * logind now implements a sleep/shutdown/idle inhibiting logic
59 suitable for a variety of uses. Soonishly Lennart will blog
60 about this in more detail.
62 * var-run.mount and var-lock.mount are no longer provided
63 (which prevously bind mounted these directories to their new
64 places). Distributions which have not converted these
65 directories to symlinks should consider stealing these files
66 from git history and add them downstream.
68 * We introduced the Documentation= field for units and added
69 this to all our shipped units. This is useful to make it
70 easier to explore the boot and the purpose of the various
73 * All smaller setup units (such as
74 systemd-vconsole-setup.service) now detect properly if they
75 are run in a container and are skipped when
76 appropriate. This guarantees an entirely noise-free boot in
77 Linux container environments such as systemd-nspawn.
79 * A framework for implementing offline system updates is now
80 integrated, for details see:
81 http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/SystemUpdates
83 * A new service type Type=idle is available now which helps us
84 avoiding ugly interleaving of getty output and boot status
87 * There's now a system-wide CapabilityBoundingSet= option to
88 globally reduce the set of capabilities for the
89 system. This is useful to drop CAP_SYS_MKNOD, CAP_SYS_RAWIO,
90 CAP_NET_RAW, CAP_SYS_MODULE, CAP_SYS_TIME, CAP_SYS_PTRACE or
91 even CAP_NET_ADMIN system-wide for secure systems.
93 * There are now system-wide DefaultLimitXXX= options to
94 globally change the defaults of the various resource limits
95 for all units started by PID 1.
97 * Harald Hoyer's systemd test suite has been integrated into
98 systemd which allows easy testing of systemd builds in qemu
99 and nspawn. (This is really awesome! Ask us for details!)
101 * The fstab parser is now implemented as generator, not inside
104 * systemctl will now warn you if .mount units generated from
105 /etc/fstab are out of date due to changes in fstab that
106 haven't been read by systemd yet.
108 * systemd is now suitable for usage in initrds. Dracut has
109 already been updated to make use of this. With this in place
110 initrds get a slight bit faster but primarily are much
111 easier to introspect and debug since "systemctl status" in
112 the host system can be used to introspect initrd services,
113 and the journal from the initrd is kept around too.
115 * systemd-delta has been added, a tool to explore differences
116 between user/admin configuration and vendor defaults.
118 * PrivateTmp= now affects both /tmp and /var/tmp.
120 * Boot time status messages are now much prettier and feature
121 proper english language. Booting up systemd has never been
124 * Read-ahead pack files now include the inode number of all
125 files to pre-cache. When the inode changes the pre-caching
126 is not attempted. This should be nicer to deal with updated
127 packages which might result in changes of read-ahead
130 * We now temporaritly lower the kernel's read_ahead_kb variable
131 when collecting read-ahead data to ensure the kernel's
132 built-in read-ahead does not add noise to our measurements
133 of necessary blocks to pre-cache.
135 * There's now RequiresMountsFor= to add automatic dependencies
136 for all mounts necessary for a specific file system path.
138 * MountAuto= and SwapAuto= have been removed from
139 system.conf. Mounting file systems at boot has to take place
142 * nspawn now learned a new switch --uuid= to set the machine
143 ID on the command line.
145 * nspawn now learned the -b switch to automatically search
148 * vt102 is now the default TERM for serial TTYs, upgraded from
151 * systemd-logind now works on VT-less systems.
153 * The build tree has been reorganized. The individual
154 components now have directories of their own.
156 * A new condition type ConditionPathIsReadWrite= is now available.
158 * nspawn learned the new -C switch to create cgroups for the
159 container in other hierarchies.
161 * We now have support for hardware watchdogs, configurable in
164 * The scheduled shutdown logic now has a public API.
166 * We now mount /tmp as tmpfs by default, but this can be
167 masked and /etc/fstab can override it.
169 * Since udisks doesn't make use of /media anymore we are not
170 mounting a tmpfs on it anymore.
172 * journalctl gained a new --local switch to only interleave
173 locally generated journal files.
175 * We can now load the IMA policy at boot automatically.
177 * The GTK tools have been split off into a systemd-ui.
179 Contributions from: Andreas Schwab, Auke Kok, Ayan George,
180 Colin Guthrie, Daniel Mack, Dave Reisner, David Ward, Elan
181 Ruusamäe, Frederic Crozat, Gergely Nagy, Guillermo Vidal,
182 Hannes Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Javier Jardón, Kay Sievers,
183 Lennart Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Léo Gillot-Lamure,
184 Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Maxim
185 A. Mikityanskiy, Michael Biebl, Michael Olbrich, Michal
186 Schmidt, Nis Martensen, Patrick McCarty, Roberto Sassu, Shawn
187 Landden, Sjoerd Simons, Sven Anders, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom
191 * This is mostly a bugfix release
193 * Support optional initialization of the machine ID from the
194 KVM or container configured UUID.
196 * Support immediate reboots with "systemctl reboot -ff"
198 * Show /etc/os-release data in systemd-analyze output
200 * Many bugfixes for the journal, including endianess fixes and
201 ensuring that disk space enforcement works
203 * sd-login.h is C++ comptaible again
205 * Extend the /etc/os-release format on request of the Debian
208 * We now refuse non-UTF8 strings used in various configuration
209 and unit files. This is done to ensure we don't pass invalid
210 data over D-Bus or expose it elsewhere.
212 * Register Mimo USB Screens as suitable for automatic seat
215 * Read SELinux client context from journal clients in a race
218 * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always
219 overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always
220 and unconditionally override vendor supplied or
221 automatically generated data.
223 * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man
224 pages. We still lack man pages for the journal API calls
227 * We now ship all man pages in HTML format again in the
230 Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Dirk Eibach, Frederic
231 Crozat, Harald Hoyer, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Marti
232 Raudsepp, Michal Schmidt, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Thierry
236 * This is mostly a bugfix release
238 * systems lacking /etc/os-release are no longer supported.
240 * Various functionality updates to libsystemd-login.so
242 * Track class of PAM logins to distuingish greeters from
245 Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael
249 * This is an important bugfix release for v41.
251 * Building man pages is now optional which should be useful
252 for those building systemd from git but unwilling to install
255 * Watchdog support for supervising services is now usable. In
256 a future release support for hardware watchdogs
257 (i.e. /dev/watchdog) will be added building on this.
259 * Service start rate limiting is now configurable and can be
260 turned off per service. When a start rate limit is hit a
261 reboot can automatically be triggered.
263 * New CanReboot(), CanPowerOff() bus calls in systemd-logind.
265 Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Bill Nottingham,
266 Frederic Crozat, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal
267 Schmidt, Michał Górny, Piotr Drąg
270 * The systemd binary is installed /usr/lib/systemd/systemd now;
271 An existing /sbin/init symlink needs to be adapted with the
274 * The code that loads kernel modules has been ported to invoke
275 libkmod directly, instead of modprobe. This means we do not
276 support systems with module-init-tools anymore.
278 * Watchdog support is now already useful, but still not
281 * A new kernel command line option systemd.setenv= is
282 understood to set system wide environment variables
285 * We now limit the set of capabilities of systemd-journald.
287 * We now set SIGPIPE to ignore by default, since it only is
288 useful in shell pipelines, and has little use in general
289 code. This can be disabled with IgnoreSIPIPE=no in unit
292 Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Kay Sievers, Lennart
293 Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Tom Gundersen,
297 * This is mostly a bugfix release
299 * We now expose the reason why a service failed in the
300 "Result" D-Bus property.
302 * Rudimentary service watchdog support (will be completed over
303 the next few releases.)
305 * When systemd forks off in order execute some service we will
306 now immediately changes its argv[0] to reflect which process
307 it will execute. This is useful to minimize the time window
308 with a generic argv[0], which makes bootcharts more useful
310 Contributions from: Alvaro Soliverez, Chris Paulson-Ellis, Kay
311 Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt,
312 Mike Kazantsev, Ray Strode
315 * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many
318 * New systemd-cgtop tool to show control groups by their
321 * Linking against libacl for ACLs is optional again. If
322 disabled, support tracking device access for active logins
323 goes becomes unavailable, and so does access to the user
324 journals by the respective users.
326 * If a group "adm" exists, journal files are automatically
327 owned by them, thus allow members of this group full access
328 to the system journal as well as all user journals.
330 * The journal now stores the SELinux context of the logging
331 client for all entries.
333 * Add C++ inclusion guards to all public headers
335 * New output mode "cat" in the journal to print only text
336 messages, without any meta data like date or time.
338 * Include tiny X server wrapper as a temporary stop-gap to
339 teach XOrg udev display enumeration. This is used by display
340 managers such as gdm, and will go away as soon as XOrg
341 learned native udev hotplugging for display devices.
343 * Add new systemd-cat tool for executing arbitrary programs
344 with STDERR/STDOUT connected to the journal. Can also act as
345 BSD logger replacement, and does so by default.
347 * Optionally store all locally generated coredumps in the
348 journal along with meta data.
350 * systemd-tmpfiles learnt four new commands: n, L, c, b, for
351 writing short strings to files (for usage for /sys), and for
352 creating symlinks, character and block device nodes.
354 * New unit file option ControlGroupPersistent= to make cgroups
355 persistent, following the mechanisms outlined in
356 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups
358 * Support multiple local RTCs in a sane way
360 * No longer monopolize IO when replaying readahead data on
361 rotating disks, since we might starve non-file-system IO to
362 death, since fanotify() will not see accesses done by blkid,
365 * Don't show kernel threads in systemd-cgls anymore, unless
366 requested with new -k switch.
368 Contributions from: Dan Horák, Kay Sievers, Lennart
369 Poettering, Michal Schmidt
372 * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many
375 * The git repository moved to:
376 git://anongit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd
377 ssh://git.freedesktop.org/git/systemd/systemd
379 * First release with the journal
380 http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-journal.html
382 * The journal replaces both systemd-kmsg-syslogd and
383 systemd-stdout-bridge.
385 * New sd_pid_get_unit() API call in libsystemd-logind
387 * Many systemadm clean-ups
389 * Introduce remote-fs-pre.target which is ordered before all
390 remote mounts and may be used to start services before all
393 * Added Mageia support
395 * Add bash completion for systemd-loginctl
397 * Actively monitor PID file creation for daemons which exit in
398 the parent process before having finished writing the PID
399 file in the daemon process. Daemons which do this need to be
400 fixed (i.e. PID file creation must have finished before the
401 parent exits), but we now react a bit more gracefully to them.
403 * Add colourful boot output, mimicking the well-known output
404 of existing distributions.
406 * New option PassCredentials= for socket units, for
407 compatibility with a recent kernel ABI breakage.
409 * /etc/rc.local is now hooked in via a generator binary, and
410 thus will no longer act as synchronization point during
413 * systemctl list-unit-files now supports --root=.
415 * systemd-tmpfiles now understands two new commands: z, Z for
416 relabelling files according to the SELinux database. This is
417 useful to apply SELinux labels to specific files in /sys,
420 * Output of SysV services is now forwarded to both the console
421 and the journal by default, not only just the console.
423 * New man pages for all APIs from libsystemd-login.
425 * The build tree got reorganized and a the build system is a
426 lot more modular allowing embedded setups to specifically
427 select the components of systemd they are interested in.
429 * Support for Linux systems lacking the kernel VT subsystem is
432 * configure's --with-rootdir= got renamed to
433 --with-rootprefix= to follow the naming used by udev and
436 * Unless specified otherwise we'll now install to /usr instead
437 of /usr/local by default.
439 * Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the
440 final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained
442 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons
444 * All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter
445 the START or START_PRE states are now killed with
446 SIGKILL. That means it is no longer possible to spawn
447 background processes from ExecStart= lines (which was never
448 supported anyway, and bad style).
450 * New PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= options to bind
451 reloading of units together.
453 Contributions from: Bill Nottingham, Daniel Walsh, Dave
454 Reisner, Dexter Morgan, Gregs Gregs, Jonathan Nieder, Kay
455 Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt,
456 Michał Górny, Ran Benita, Thomas Jarosch, Tim Waugh, Tollef
457 Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek