--- /dev/null
+(lp0
+S'blank'
+p1
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|succession = [[King of Wessex]]\u000a|image = Statue d'Alfred le Grand à Winchester.jpg\u000a|caption = Statue of Alfred the Great by [[Hamo Thornycroft]] in [[Winchester]], unveiled during the millenary celebrations of Alfred's death.\u000a|reign = 23 April 871 \u2013 26 October 899\u000a|predecessor = [[Æthelred of Wessex|Æthelred]]\u000a|successor = [[Edward the Elder]]\u000a|house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a|issue = [[Æthelflæd|Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians]]<br />[[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of Wessex]]<br />Æthelgifu, abbess of [[Shaftesbury Abbey|Shaftesbury]]<br />[[Æthelweard (son of Alfred)|Æthelweard of Wessex]]<br />[[Ælfthryth, Countess of Flanders]]\u000a|full name = Ælfred of Wessex\u000a|birth_date = 849\u000a|birth_place = The Royal Palace, [[Wantage]], [[Oxfordshire]]\u000a|death_date = 26 October 899 (around 50) [[Winchester]]\u000a|date of burial = [[Circa|ca.]] 1100\u000a|place of burial = [[Hyde Abbey]], [[Winchester]], [[Hampshire]], now lost\u000a|religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a|spouse = [[Ealhswith]]\u000a|father = [[Æthelwulf of Wessex|Æthelwulf, King of Wessex]]\u000a|mother = [[Osburh]]\u000a
+p2
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward\u000a| image = Edward the Elder - MS Royal 14 B VI.jpg\u000a| image_size = 250px\u000a| caption = [[Portrait miniature]] from a 13th century genealogical scroll depicting Edward\u000a\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of the Anglo-Saxons]]\u000a| reign = 26 October 899 \u2013 17 July 924\u000a| coronation = 8 June 900 <br>([[Kingston upon Thames]])\u000a| predecessor = [[Alfred the Great|Alfred]]\u000a| successor = [[Æthelstan]] and/or [[Ælfweard of Wessex|Ælfweard]]\u000a\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| spouses = {{Plainlist| \u000a*[[Ecgwynn]]\u000a*[[Ælfflæd, wife of Edward the Elder|Ælfflæd]]\u000a*[[Eadgifu of Kent|Eadgifu]]\u000a}}\u000a\u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a*[[Æthelstan|Æthelstan, King of England]]\u000a*[[Ælfweard of Wessex|Ælfweard, King of Wessex]]\u000a*[[Edmund I|Edmund, King of England]]\u000a*[[Eadred|Eadred, King of England]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link = #Family\u000a| issue-pipe = Among others\u000a\u000a| father = [[Alfred the Great|Alfred, King of Wessex]]\u000a| mother = [[Ealhswith]]\u000a| birth_date = c.874\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 17 July 924\u000a| death_place = [[Farndon, Cheshire|Farndon]], [[Cheshire]], [[England]]\u000a| place of burial = [[New Minster, Winchester]], later translated to [[Hyde Abbey]] \u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p3
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a|name = Æthelstan\u000a|image = Athelstan.jpg\u000a|imagesize = 250px\u000a|caption = Æthelstan presenting a book to [[Cuthbert of Lindisfarne|St Cuthbert]]. Illustration in a gospel book presented by Æthelstan to the saint's shrine in [[Chester-le-Street]], the earliest surviving portrait of an English king. He wore a crown of the same design on his "crowned bust" coins.<ref name="Foot 2011 155 156">Foot, ''Æthelstan: The First King of England'', pp. 155\u2013156</ref>\u000a|alt = Æthelstan presenting a book to Saint Cuthbert\u000a|reign1 = 927 \u2013 27 October 939\u000a|predecessor1 = Himself <small>(''as King of the Anglo-Saxons'')</small>\u000a|successor1 = [[Edmund I]]\u000a|succession1 = [[List of English monarchs|King of the English]]\u000a|reign = 924\u2013927\u000a|coronation = 4 September 925\u000a|predecessor = [[Edward the Elder]] or [[Ælfweard of Wessex|Ælfweard]]\u000a|successor = Himself <small>(''as King of the English'')</small>\u000a|succession = [[List of monarchs of Wessex|King of the Anglo-Saxons]]\u000a|spouse =\u000a|issue =\u000a|house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a|father = [[Edward the Elder]]\u000a|mother = [[Ecgwynn]]\u000a|birth_date = {{circa|893/895}}\u000a|birth_place = [[Kingdom of Wessex|Wessex]]\u000a|death_date = 27 October 939\u000a|death_place = [[Gloucester]]\u000a|place of burial = [[Malmesbury Abbey]]\u000a|signature =\u000a|religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p4
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Edmund\u000a| succession = [[King of the English]]\u000a| image = Edmund I - MS Royal 14 B V.jpg\u000a| rank = 10th\u000a| reign = 27 October 939 \u2013 26 May 946\u000a| coronation = ''c.''29 November 939<br>probably at [[Kingston upon Thames]]<ref>''The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England'', p. 514</ref>\u000a| predecessor = [[Æthelstan]]\u000a| successor = [[Eadred]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| birth_date = 921\u000a| birth_place = [[Wessex, England|Wessex]], England\u000a| death_date = 26 May 946\u000a| death_place = [[Pucklechurch]], [[Gloucestershire]], England\u000a| place of burial = [[Glastonbury Abbey]]\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| spouse = [[Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury]]<br>[[Æthelflæd of Damerham]]\u000a| issue = [[Eadwig|Eadwig, King of England]]<br>[[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar, King of England]]\u000a| father = [[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of Wessex]]\u000a| mother = [[Eadgifu of Kent]]\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p5
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name=Eadred\u000a| succession = [[King of the English]]\u000a| image = File:Eadred - MS Royal 14 B VI.jpg\u000a|caption = \u000a| rank=11th\u000a| reign=26 May 946 – 23 November 955\u000a| coronation=16 August 946<br>[[Kingston-upon-Thames]]\u000a| predecessor=[[Edmund I|Edmund]]\u000a| successor=[[Eadwig]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| birth_date = 923\u000a| birth_place = [[Wessex]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| death_date = 23 November {{Death year and age|955|923}}\u000a| death_place = [[Frome]], [[Somerset]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Old Minster, Winchester]]. Bones now in [[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a| spouse = \u000a| father = [[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of Wessex]]\u000a| mother = [[Eadgifu of Kent]]\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p6
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Eadwig\u000a| succession = [[King of the English]]\u000a| image = Eadwig - MS Royal 14 B VI.jpg\u000a| rank =12th\u000a| reign =23 November 955 \u2013 1 October 959\u000a| predecessor =[[Eadred]]\u000a| successor =[[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| birth_date =941?\u000a| birth_place = [[Wessex]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date ={{death date|959|10|1|mf=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Gloucester]], [[England]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| spouse = [[Ælfgifu, wife of Eadwig|Ælfgifu]] (Annulled)\u000a| father =[[Edmund I of England|Edmund, King of England]]\u000a| mother =[[Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury]]\u000a
+p7
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Edgar\u000a| image = New Minster Charter 966 detail Edgar.jpg\u000a| imagesize = 250px\u000a| caption = A contemparary portrayal of King Edgar in the New Minster Charter.\u000a\u000a| succession = [[King of the English]]\u000a| reign = 1 October 959 \u2013 8 July 975\u000a| predecessor = [[Eadwig]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward the Martyr|Edward]]\u000a\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| spouses = {{Plainlist|\u000a* Æthelflæd<ref name=Stafford>Pauline Stafford, Queen Emma & Queen Edith, Blackwell 2001, pp. 324-325</ref>\u000a* Wulfthryth<ref name =Stafford/>\u000a* [[Ælfthryth, wife of Edgar|Ælfthryth]]\u000a}}\u000a| spouses-link = \u000a| spouses-pipe = \u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a* [[Edward the Martyr|Edward, King of England]]\u000a* [[Saint Edith of Wilton|Eadgyth]]<ref name =Stafford/>\u000a* Edmund<ref>Stafford, op. cit., p. 91</ref>\u000a* [[Æthelred the Unready|Æthelred, King of England]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link = \u000a| issue-pipe =\u000a\u000a| father = [[Edmund I|Edmund, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury]]\u000a| birth_date = 943/944\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 8 July 975 (aged 31/32)\u000a| death_place = [[Winchester]], [[Hampshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Glastonbury Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p8
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name= Edward\u000a| succession = [[King of the English]]\u000a| image=Edward the Martyr - MS Royal 14 B VI.jpg\u000a| reign=8 July 975 \u2013 18 March 978\u000a| predecessor=[[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar]]\u000a| successor=[[Æthelred the Unready|Æthelred]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| birth_date=[[circa]] 962\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 18 March {{Death year and age|978|962}}\u000a| death_place=[[Corfe Castle]], [[Dorset]], [[England]]\u000a| place of burial=[[Wareham, Dorset]]\u000a| spouse=\u000a| issue=\u000a| father=[[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar, King of England]]\u000a| mother=Æthelflæd or Wulfthryth\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p9
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Æthelred\u000a| image = Ethelred the Unready.jpg\u000a| image_size =\u000a| caption =\u000a\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of the English]]\u000a| reign = 18 March 978 \u2013 1013 <br> 1014 \u2013 23 April 1016 \u000a| coronation = \u000a| predecessor = [[Edward the Martyr|Edward]] (978)<br>[[Sweyn Forkbeard|Sweyn]] (1014)\u000a| successor = [[Sweyn Forkbeard|Sweyn]] (1013)<br>[[Edmund Ironside|Edmund]] (1016)\u000a\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| spouses = {{Plainlist| \u000a*[[Ælfgifu of York]]\u000a*[[Emma of Normandy]]\u000a}}\u000a\u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a*[[Athelstan Aetheling|Æthelstan]]\u000a*[[Edmund Ironside|Edmund, King of England]]\u000a*[[Edward the Confessor|Edward, King of England]]\u000a*[[Alfred Aetheling]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link = #Marriages and issue\u000a| issue-pipe = Among others\u000a\u000a| father = [[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Ælfthryth, Queen of England|Ælfthryth]]\u000a| birth_date = 966-68\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 23 April 1016\u000a| death_place = [[London]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Old St Paul's Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p10
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Sweyn Forkbeard\u000a| title = King of Denmark, Norway, and England\u000a| image = Sweyn Forkbeard.jpg\u000a| succession = [[King of Denmark]]\u000a| reign = 986–1014\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor = [[Harald Bluetooth]]\u000a| successor = [[Harald II of Denmark|Harald II]]\u000a| succession1 = [[King of Norway]]\u000a| reign1 = 986–995<br />999–1014\u000a| coronation1 =\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Harald Bluetooth]]<br />[[Olaf I of Norway|Olaf I]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Olaf I of Norway|Olaf I]]<br />[[Olaf II of Norway|Olaf II]]\u000a| succession2 = [[King of England]]\u000a| reign2 = 1013–1014\u000a| coronation2 =\u000a| predecessor2 = [[Æthelred the Unready|Æthelred]]\u000a| successor2 = [[Æthelred the Unready|Æthelred]]\u000a| spouse = [[\u015awi\u0119tos\u0142awa]] / [[Sigrid the Haughty|Sigrid]]/ [[Gunhild of Wenden|Gunhild]] ([[Cnut the Great#Birth and kingship|detail]])\u000a| issue = [[Harald II of Denmark]]<br>[[Cnut the Great|Cnut, King of Denmark, Norway and England]]<br>[[Estrid Svendsdatter]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| full name = [[Old Norse]]: ''Sveinn Tjúguskegg''<br/>[[Danish language|Danish]]: ''Svend Tveskæg''<br/>[[Norwegian language|Norwegian]]: ''Svein Tjugeskjegg''<br/>[[Swedish language|Swedish]]: ''Sven Tveskägg''\u000a| house = [[House of Denmark]]\u000a| father = [[Harald Bluetooth]]\u000a| mother = Gunhild or [[Tove of the Obotrites|Tove]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 960\u000a| birth_place = [[Denmark]]\u000a| death_date = 3 February 1014\u000a| death_place = [[Gainsborough, Lincolnshire]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Roskilde Cathedral or St. Trinity in Lund]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p11
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Edmund\u000a| image = Edmund Ironside - MS Royal 14 B VI.jpg\u000a| imagesize = 250px\u000a| caption = \u000a\u000a| succession = [[King of the English]]\u000a| reign = 23 April \u2013 30 November 1016\u000a| predecessor = [[Æthelred the Unready]]\u000a| successor = [[Cnut the Great]]\u000a\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| spouse = [[Ealdgyth (floruit 1015\u20131016)|Ealdgyth]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward the Exile]]<br>[[Edmund Ætheling|Edmund]]\u000a| father = [[Æthelred the Unready]]\u000a| mother = [[Ælfgifu of York]]\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 30 November 1016\u000a| death_place = [[Oxford]] or [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Glastonbury Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p12
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Cnut\u000a| image = Knut der Große cropped.jpg\u000a| caption = A 14th century portrait of Cnut the Great, showing him as the king of Christendom{{citation needed|date=September 2014}}\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| reign = 1016\u20131035\u000a| coronation = 6 January 1017 ([[Old St Paul's Cathedral|London]])\u000a| successor = [[Harold Harefoot|Harold]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Edmund Ironside|Edmund]]\u000a| succession1= [[List of Danish monarchs|King of Denmark]]\u000a| reign1= 1018\u20131035\u000a| successor1 = [[Harthacnut]]\u000a| predecessor1= [[Harald II of Denmark]]\u000a| succession2 = [[Monarchy of Norway|King of Norway]]\u000a| reign2 = 1028\u20131035\u000a| successor2 = [[Magnus I of Norway|Magnus Olafsson]]\u000a| predecessor2 = [[Olaf II of Norway|Olaf Haraldsson]]\u000a| house = [[House of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 985 \u2013 c. 995\u000a| birth_place = [[Denmark]]\u000a| death_date = 12 November 1035\u000a| death_place = [[Shaftesbury]], [[Dorset]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Old Minster, Winchester]]. Bones now in [[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a| spouse = [[Ælfgifu of Northampton]]<br />[[Emma of Normandy]]\u000a| issue = [[Svein Knutsson|Svein Knutsson, King of Norway]]<br />[[Harold Harefoot|Harold, King of England]]<br />[[Harthacnut|Harthacnut, King of Denmark and England]]<br />[[Gunhilda of Denmark|Gunhilda, Holy Roman Empress]]\u000a| father = [[Sweyn Forkbeard]]\u000a| mother = unknown ([[\u015awi\u0119tos\u0142awa]] / [[Sigrid the Haughty|Sigrid]]/ [[Gunhild of Wenden|Gunhild]])<ref name="mother">Cnut's mother is the subject of historical debate. Some sources identify as her Gunnhilda, others say she is apocryphal or that there is insufficient evidence to name her. According to Medieval chroniclers [[Thietmar of Merseburg]] and [[Adam of Bremen]], Cnut was the son of a Polish princess who was the daughter of [[Mieszko I]] and sister of [[Boles\u0142aw I Chrobry|Boleslaw I]], her name may have been \u015awi\u0119tos\u0142awa (see: [[Sigrid the Haughty#Modern reconstructions|Sigrid Storråda]]): this has been linked to Cnut's use of Polish troops in England and Cnut's sister's Anglicized Slavic name, ''Santslaue''. Encomiast, ''Encomium Emmae'', ii. 2, pg. 18; Thietmar, ''Chronicon'', vii. 39, pgs. 446\u2013447; Trow, ''Cnut'', p. 40. The Oxford [[Dictionary of National Biography|DNB]] article on Cnut states that her name is unknown. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/4579 M. K. Lawson, Cnut, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2005]</ref><br />\u000a
+p13
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a|name=Harold\u000a| succession = [[King of England]]\u000a|image=Harold1 Harefoot 02.jpg\u000a|imgw=150px\u000a|caption=Harold Harefoot in the 13th century ''The Life of King Edward the Confessor'' by [[Matthew Paris]]\u000a|reign=12 November 1035 \u2013 17 March 1040\u000a| predecessor=[[Cnut the Great|Cnut]]\u000a| successor=[[Harthacnut]]\u000a|house=[[House of Denmark]]\u000a|birth_date={{circa}} January 1015\u000a|birth_place=[[Northampton]], [[England]]\u000a|death_date=17 March {{Death year and age|df=yes|1040|1015}}\u000a|death_place= [[Oxford]], [[England]]\u000a|place of burial=[[St. Clement Danes]], [[City of Westminster|Westminster]], [[England]]\u000a|spouse=Ælfgifu?\u000a|issue=[[Ælfwine Haroldsson|Ælfwine]]?\u000a|father=[[Cnut the Great|Cnut, King of Denmark and England]]\u000a|mother=[[Ælfgifu of Northampton]]\u000a
+p14
+aVInfobox royalty|Monarch\u000a| name = Harthacnut\u000a| image = Coin danish and english king Harthacnut, Hardeknut (1018-1042).jpg\u000a| caption = Penny struck in Harthacnut's name\u000a| imagesize = 250px\u000a| succession = [[List of Danish monarchs|King of Denmark]]\u000a| reign = 1035 \u2013 8 June 1042<ref name="kongehuset"/>\u000a| predecessor = [[Cnut the Great]]\u000a| successor = [[Magnus I of Norway|Magnus I]] \u000a| succession1 = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| reign1 = 17 March 1040 \u2013 8 June 1042 \u000a| coronation1 = June 1040 ([[Canterbury Cathedral|Canterbury]])\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Harold Harefoot]] \u000a| successor1 = [[Edward the Confessor]]\u000a| spouse =\u000a| issue = \u000a| house = [[House of Denmark]]\u000a| father = [[Cnut the Great|Cnut, King of Denmark and England]]\u000a| mother = [[Emma of Normandy]]\u000a| birth_date = c.1018\u000a| birth_place = England\u000a| death_date = 8 June {{Death year and age|1042|1018}}\u000a| death_place = [[Lambeth]], England\u000a| place of burial = [[Winchester Cathedral]], England\u000a
+p15
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name = Edward the Confessor\u000a|image = Bayeux_Tapestry_scene1_EDWARD_REX.jpg\u000a|caption = Edward the Confessor enthroned, opening scene of the [[Bayeux Tapestry]]\u000a|succession = [[King of England]]\u000a|reign = 8 June 1042 \u2013 5 January 1066\u000a|coronation = 3 April 1043, [[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a|predecessor = [[Harthacnut]]\u000a|successor = [[Harold Godwinson|Harold]]\u000a|spouse = [[Edith of Wessex]]\u000a|house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a|father = [[Æthelred the Unready]]\u000a|mother =[[Emma of Normandy]]\u000a|birth_date = c. 1003\u20131005\u000a|birth_place = [[Islip, Oxfordshire|Islip]], Oxfordshire, England\u000a|death_date = {{Death date|df=yes|1066|1|5}} (aged about 62)\u000a|death_place = London, England\u000a|burial_place = [[Westminster Abbey]], England\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p16
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Harold Godwinson\u000a| succession = [[King of England]]\u000a| image = KingHaroldEnthroned Detail BayeuxTapestry.PNG\u000a| caption = Harold enthroned as King of England, detail from [[Bayeux Tapestry]]\u000a| reign = 5 January \u2013 14 October 1066\u000a| coronation = 6 January 1066\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward the Confessor]]\u000a| successor = [[Edgar the Ætheling|Edgar II]] ''(uncrowned)''<br />''(otherwise)'' [[William the Conqueror|William I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Edith Swanneck]]<br />[[Edith of Mercia]]\u000a| issue = Godwin<br />Edmund<br />Magnus<br />[[Gunhild of Wessex|Gunhild]]<br />[[Gytha of Wessex|Gytha]]<br />Harold<br />Ulf\u000a| full name = Harold Godwinson\u000a| house = [[House of Godwin]]\u000a| father = [[Godwin, Earl of Wessex]]\u000a| mother = [[Gytha Thorkelsdóttir]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1022\u000a| birth_place = [[Wessex]], England\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1066|10|14|df=y}} (aged 43/44)\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Hastings]], [[Sussex]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Waltham Abbey (town)|Waltham Abbey, Essex]], or [[Bosham]], [[Sussex]] (disputed)\u000a|
+p17
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarchy\u000a| name = William the Conqueror\u000a| more = england\u000a| image = Bayeuxtapestrywilliamliftshishelm.jpg\u000a| imgw = 150\u000a| caption = William as depicted in the [[Bayeux Tapestry]] during the [[Battle of Hastings]], lifting his helm to show that he is still alive\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs#House of Normandy|King of England]]\u000a| reign = 25 December 1066 \u2013 <br />9 September 1087\u000a| coronation = 25 December 1066\u000a| cor-type = britain\u000a| predecessor = [[Edgar the Ætheling]] ''(uncrowned)'' <br />''(Otherwise)'' [[Harold Godwinson|Harold II]]\u000a| successor = [[William II of England|William II]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| reign1 = 3 July 1035 \u2013 9 September 1087\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Robert the Magnificent]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Robert Curthose]]\u000a| spouse = [[Matilda of Flanders]]\u000a| issue = [[Robert Curthose]] <br />[[Richard of Normandy|Richard]] <br />[[William II of England]] <br />Matilda <br />[[Cecilia of Normandy|Cecilia]] <br />[[Henry I of England]] <br />[[Adeliza of Normandy|Adeliza]] <br />[[Constance of Normandy|Constance]] <br />[[Adela of Normandy|Adela, Countess of Blois]] <br />Agatha of Normandy (existence doubtful)\u000a| issue-link = #Family and children\u000a| styles = The King of the Angles <br />The Duke of the Normans\u000a| house = [[Norman dynasty]]\u000a| father = [[Robert I, Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| mother = [[Herleva|Herleva of Falaise]]\u000a| birth_date = About 1028<ref name=Bates33/>\u000a| birth_place = [[Falaise, Calvados|Falaise]], [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1087|9|9|df=y}} (aged 58\u201359)\u000a| death_place = Priory of Saint Gervase, [[Rouen]], Normandy\u000a| place of burial = [[Abbaye-aux-Hommes|Saint-Étienne de Caen]], France\u000a
+p18
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = William II\u000a| image = William II of England.jpg\u000a| imgw = 221\u000a| caption = William II, from the Stowe Manuscript\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs#House of Normandy|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign = 9 September 1087 \u2013 2 August 1100\u000a| coronation = 26 September 1087<ref>Tout ''An Advanced History of Great Britain from the Earliest Times to 1918''. p. 94</ref>\u000a| cor-type = britain\u000a| predecessor = [[William the Conqueror|William I]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry I of England|Henry I]]\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy|Norman Dynasty]]\u000a| father = [[William I the Conqueror|William I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Flanders]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1056\u000a| birth_place = [[Normandy]], France\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1100|8|2|df=yes}} (aged c. 43\u201344)\u000a| death_place = The [[New Forest]], England\u000a| place of burial = [[Winchester]] [[Winchester Cathedral|Cathedral]]\u000a
+p19
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Henry I\u000a| image = Henry1.jpg\u000a| imgw = 230\u000a| caption = Miniature from [[Matthew Paris]]'s ''Historia Anglorum''\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs#House of Normandy|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Style of the English sovereigns|(more ...)]]\u000a| reign = 2 August 1100 \u2013 1 December 1135\u000a| coronation = 5 August 1100\u000a| cor-type = britain\u000a| predecessor = [[William II of England|William II]]\u000a| successor = [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]] \u000a| succession1 = [[Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| reign1 = 1106 \u2013 1 December 1135\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Robert Curthose]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Stephen of England|Stephen]]\u000a| spouse = [[Matilda of Scotland]]<br />m. 1100; dec. 1118<br />[[Adeliza of Louvain]]<br />m. 1121; wid. 1135\u000a| issue = [[Empress Matilda|Matilda, Holy Roman Empress]]<br />[[William Adelin]]<br>[[Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester]]<br>[[Alice FitzRoy]]<br>[[Gilbert FitzRoy]]<br>[[Matilda FitzRoy, Countess of Perche]]<br>[[Fulk FitzRoy]]<br>[[Sybilla of Normandy|Sybilla, Queen of Scots]]<br>[[Reginald de Dunstanville, 1st Earl of Cornwall]]<br>[[Robert FitzEdith, Lord Okehampton]]<br>[[Henry FitzRoy (d. 1158)]]<br>[[Matilda FitzRoy, Abbess of Montvilliers]]\u000a| issue-link = #Illegitimate children\u000a| issue-pipe = more ... \u000a| house = [[Norman Dynasty]]\u000a| father = [[William I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Flanders]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1068\u000a| birth_place = Possibly [[Selby]], Yorkshire\u000a| death_date= 1 December 1135 (aged 66\u201367)\u000a| death_place= [[Lyons-la-Forêt|Saint-Denis-en-Lyons]], Normandy\u000a| place of burial= [[Reading Abbey]]\u000a
+p20
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Stephen\u000a| image = Stepan Blois.jpg\u000a| imgw = 218\u000a| succession = [[King of England]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 22 December 1135 \u2013 April 1141\u000a| coronation = 26 December 1135\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry I of England|Henry I]]\u000a| successor = [[Empress Matilda|Matilda]] (disputed)\u000a| succession1 = King of England\u000a| reign1 = November 1141 \u2013 25 October 1154\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Empress Matilda|Matilda]] (disputed)\u000a| successor1 = [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]\u000a| spouse = [[Matilda of Boulogne|Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne]]\u000a| issue = {{plainlist}}\u000a* [[Eustace IV, Count of Boulogne]]\u000a* Matilda de Beaumont\u000a* [[Marie I, Countess of Boulogne]]\u000a* Baldwin of Blois\u000a* [[William I, Count of Boulogne]]\u000a{{endplainlist}}\u000a|\u000a* King of the English, Duke of the Normans\u000a* Count of Boulogne ''([[jure uxoris]])''\u000a* Count of Mortain\u000a| house = [[Counts of Blois|House of Blois]]\u000a| father = [[Stephen, Count of Blois|Stephen II, Count of Blois]]\u000a| mother = [[Adela of Normandy]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1092 or 1096\u000a| birth_place = [[Blois]], France\u000a| death_date = 25 October 1154\u000a| death_place = [[Dover]], Kent\u000a| place of burial = [[Faversham Abbey]], Kent\u000a
+p21
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Empress Matilda\u000a| image = Empress Mathilda.png\u000a| caption = 15th-century depiction of the Empress\u000a|succession=[[List of Holy Roman Empresses|Holy Roman Empress]], [[Queen of the Romans]]\u000a|reign=7 January 1114 \u2013 23 May 1125\u000a|reign-type=Tenure\u000a| succession1 = [[List of English monarchs|Lady of the English]] (disputed)\u000a| reign1 = 7 April 1141 \u2013 1 November 1141\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]] <small>(as king)</small>\u000a| successor1 = [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]] <small>(as king)</small>\u000a| spouse = [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor]]<br />m. 1114; dec. 1125<br />[[Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou]]<br />m. 1128; dec. 1151\u000a| issue = [[Henry II of England]]<br />[[Geoffrey, Count of Nantes]]<br />[[William FitzEmpress|William X, Count of Poitou]]\u000a| house = [[Norman dynasty|Normandy]]\u000a| father = [[Henry I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Scotland]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 7 February 1102\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 10 September 1167 (aged 65)\u000a| death_place = [[Rouen]]\u000a| place of burial =\u000a
+p22
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry II\u000a| image = Henry II of England cropped.jpg\u000a| imgw = 211\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign = 25 October 1154 \u2013 6 July 1189\u000a| coronation = 19 December 1154\u000a| predecessor = [[Stephen, King of England|Stephen]]\u000a| regent = [[Henry the Young King]]\u000a| reg-type = Junior king\u000a| successor = [[Richard I of England|Richard I]]\u000a|\u000a| spouse = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]\u000a| issue = {{plainlist}}\u000a* [[Geoffrey (archbishop of York)|Geoffrey, Archbishop of York]]\u000a* [[William IX, Count of Poitiers]]\u000a* [[Henry the Young King]]\u000a* [[Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony|Matilda, Duchess of Saxony]]\u000a* [[Richard I of England|Richard I, King of England]]\u000a* [[Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany]] \u000a* [[Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile|Eleanor, Queen of Castile]]\u000a* [[Joan of England, Queen of Sicily|Joan, Queen of Sicily]]\u000a* [[John, King of England]]\u000a* [[William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury|William, Earl of Salisbury]]\u000a{{endplainlist}}\u000a|\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[Angevin kings of England|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.<ref>Blockmans and Hoppenbrouwers, p.173; Aurell (2003); Vincent (2007a), pp.15-23; Power, pp.85-86; Warren, pp.228-229</ref>|group="nb"}}\u000a| father = [[Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou]]\u000a| mother = [[Empress Matilda]]\u000a|\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1133|3|5|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Le Mans]], France\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1189|7|6|1133|3|5|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Château_de_Chinon | Chinon Castle]], France\u000a| place of burial = [[Fontevraud Abbey]], France\u000a
+p23
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| name = Henry the Young King\u000a| image = BL MS Royal 14 C VII f.9 (Henry jr).jpg\u000a| imgw = 160\u000a| succession = Junior [[List of English monarchs#House of Plantagenet|King of England]]\u000a| coronation = 14 June 1170<br />27 August 1172\u000a| reign = 1170\u20131183\u000a| regent = [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]\u000a| reg-type = Senior king\u000a| spouse = [[Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary|Margaret of France]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[House of Angevin|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.|group="nb"}}\u000a| father = [[Henry II of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine|Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1155|2|28|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1183|6|11|1155|2|28|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = Castle of Martel, [[Lot (department)|Lot]]\u000a
+p24
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Richard I\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]\u000a| succession = [[King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|(more..)]]\u000a| image = Church of Fontevraud Abbey Richard I effigy.jpg\u000a| caption = Effigy (c. 1199) of Richard I at [[Fontevraud Abbey]], Anjou\u000a| reign = 6 July 1189 \u2013 6 April 1199\u000a| coronation = 3 September 1189\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]\u000a| regent = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]; [[William Longchamp]] ''([[Third Crusade]])''\u000a| successor = [[John, King of England|John]]\u000a| spouse = [[Berengaria of Navarre]]\u000a| issue = [[Philip of Cognac]] (illegitimate)\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[House of Angevin|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.|group="nb"}}\u000a| father = [[Henry II of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1157|9|8|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Beaumont Palace]], [[Oxford]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1199|4|6|1157|9|8|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Châlus]], [[Duchy of Aquitaine]]<br /><small>(now in [[Limousin (province)|Limousin]], France)</small>\u000a| place of burial = [[Fontevraud Abbey]], Anjou, France\u000a
+p25
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = John\u000a| image = Jan tomb.jpg\u000a| alt = A drawing of the effigy of King John in Worcester Cathedral.\u000a| caption = Tomb effigy of King John, [[Worcester Cathedral]]\u000a| succession = [[List of English Monarchs#House of Plantagenet|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = ''[[Style of the English sovereigns|(more...)]]''\u000a| reign =6 April 1199 \u2013 19 October 1216\u000a| coronation = 27 May 1199\u000a| predecessor = [[Richard I of England|Richard I]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]\u000a| spouse = [[Isabella, Countess of Gloucester]]<br />m. 1189; ann. 1199<br />[[Isabella of Angoulême|Isabella, Countess of Angoulême]]<br />m. 1200; wid. 1216\u000a| issue = [[Henry III of England|Henry III, King of England]]<br />[[Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall]]<br />[[Joan of England, Queen of Scotland|Joan, Queen of Scotland]]<br />[[Isabella of England|Isabella, Holy Roman Empress]]<br />[[Eleanor of Leicester|Eleanor, Countess of Pembroke]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[House of Angevin|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.|group="nb"}}\u000a| father = [[Henry II of England|Henry II, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine|Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1166|12|24|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Beaumont Palace]], [[Oxford]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1216|10|19|1166|12|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Newark Castle, Nottinghamshire|Newark Castle]], [[Newark-on-Trent]], [[Nottinghamshire]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Worcester]] [[Worcester Cathedral|Cathedral]]\u000a
+p26
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Henry III\u000a| image = Henry III funeral head.jpg\u000a| caption = Effigy of King Henry III in [[Westminster Abbey]], c. 1272\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs#House of Plantagenet|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign = 19 October 1216 \u2013 16 November 1272\u000a| coronation = 28 October 1216, [[Gloucester]]<br>17 May 1220, [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a| predecessor = [[John, King of England|John]]\u000a| regent = [[William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke]] (1216\u20131219)<br>[[Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent]] (1219\u20131227)\u000a| successor = [[Edward I of England|Edward I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Eleanor of Provence]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward I of England]]<br>[[Margaret of England|Margaret, Queen of Scots]]<br>[[Beatrice of England|Beatrice, Countess of Richmond]]<br>[[Edmund Crouchback]]<br>[[Katherine of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[John, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella, Countess of Angoulême]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1207|10|1|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Winchester Castle]], Hampshire\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1272|11|16|1207|10|1|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Westminster]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a
+p27
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch of England\u000a| name = Edward I\u000a| image = Gal_nations_edward_i.jpg\u000a| imgw = 225\u000a| alt = A man in half figure with short, curly hair and a hint of beard is facing left. He wears a coronet and holds a sceptre in his right hand. He has a blue robe over a red tunic, and his hands are covered by white, embroidered gloves. His left hand seems to be pointing left, to something outside the picture.\u000a| caption = Portrait in Westminster Abbey, thought to be of Edward I\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign =16 November 1272 \u2013 7 July 1307\u000a| coronation = 19 August 1274\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward II of England|Edward II]]\u000a| spouse = [[Eleanor of Castile]]<br>(m. 1254\u20131290)<br />[[Margaret of France (died 1318)|Margaret of France]]<br>(m. 1299\u20131307)\u000a| issue = [[Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar|Eleanor, Countess of Bar]]<br />[[Joan of Acre|Joan, Countess of Hertford]]<br />[[Alphonso, Earl of Chester]]<br />[[Margaret of England (1275\u20131333)|Margaret, Duchess of Brabant]]<br />[[Mary of Woodstock]]<br />[[Elizabeth of Rhuddlan|Elizabeth, Countess of Hereford]]<br />[[Edward II of England]]<br>[[Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk|Thomas, Earl of Norfolk]]<br />[[Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent|Edmund, Earl of Kent]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| father = [[Henry III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Provence]]\u000a| birth_date = 17/18 June 1239\u000a| birth_place = [[Palace of Westminster]], London, [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1307|7|7|1239|6|17|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Burgh by Sands]], [[Cumberland]], England\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a
+p28
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward II\u000a| image = Edward II - detail of tomb.jpg\u000a| caption = Effigy in [[Gloucester Cathedral]]\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign =7 July 1307 \u2013 25 January 1327\u000a| coronation = 25 February 1308\u000a| predecessor =[[Edward I of England|Edward I]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward III of England|Edward III]]\u000a| spouse = [[Isabella of France]] (m. 1308)\u000a| issue = [[Edward III of England]]<br>[[John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall]]<br>[[Eleanor of Woodstock|Eleanor, Countess of Guelders]]<br>[[Joan of the Tower|Joan, Queen of Scots]]<br>[[Adam FitzRoy]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Castile (1246-1290)|Eleanor of Castile]]\u000a| religion= [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1284|4|25|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Caernarfon Castle]], [[Gwynedd]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1327|9|21|1284|4|25|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Berkeley Castle]], Gloucestershire\u000a| place of burial = [[Gloucester Cathedral]], Gloucestershire\u000a
+p29
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward III\u000a| image = File:Edward III of England (Order of the Garter).jpg\u000a| caption = Edward III as head of the [[Order of the Garter]], drawing c.1430-40 in the [[Bruges Garter Book]]\u000a| alt =\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign = 25 January 1327 \u2013 21 June 1377\u000a| coronation = 1 February 1327\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward II of England|Edward II]]\u000a| successor = [[Richard II of England|Richard II]]\u000a| spouse = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| issue =[[Edward, the Black Prince]]<br>[[Isabella de Coucy|Isabella, Lady of Coucy]]<br>[[Joan of England (1334-1348)|Joan of England]]<br>[[Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence|Lionel, Duke of Clarence]]<br>[[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster|John, Duke of Lancaster]]<br>[[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York|Edmund, Duke of York]]<br>[[Mary of Waltham|Mary, Duchess of Brittany]]<br>[[Margaret, Countess of Pembroke]]<br>[[Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester|Thomas, Duke of Gloucester]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward II of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of France]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1312|11|13|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor Castle]], Berkshire\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1377|6|21|1312|11|13|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Richmond Palace|Sheen Palace]], [[Richmond, London|Richmond]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London
+p30
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Richard II\u000a| image = Richard II King of England.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait at [[Westminster Abbey]], mid-1390s\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign = 21 June 1377 \u2013 30 September 1399\u000a| coronation = 16 July 1377\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward III of England|Edward III]]\u000a| regent = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]] {{nowrap|(''de facto'')}}\u000a| successor = [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV]]\u000a| spouse = [[Anne of Bohemia]] (m. 1382\u20131394)<br />[[Isabella of Valois]] (m. 1396\u20131400)\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward, the Black Prince]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan of Kent|Joan, 4th Countess of Kent]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1367|1|6|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Bordeaux]], [[Duchy of Aquitaine]]\u000a| death_date = c. {{Death date and age|1400|2|14|1367|1|6|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Pontefract Castle]], [[West Yorkshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a| signature = Richard II Signature.svg\u000a
+p31
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Henry IV\u000a| image = King Henry IV from NPG (2).jpg\u000a| caption = 16th-century painting of Henry IV\u000a| imgw = 240\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign =30 September 1399 \u2013 20 March 1413\u000a| coronation = 13 October 1399\u000a| predecessor =[[Richard II of England|Richard II]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry V of England|Henry V]]\u000a| spouses = [[Mary de Bohun]]<br>[[Joan of Navarre, Queen of England|Joan of Navarre]]\u000a| issue = Edward of Lancaster<br> [[Henry V of England]]<br>[[Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence]]<br>[[John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford]]<br>[[Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester|Humphrey, 1st Duke of Gloucester]]<br>[[Blanche of England|Blanche, Electress Palatine]]<br>[[Philippa of England|Philippa, Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden]]\u000a| house = [[House of Lancaster]]\u000a| father = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother = [[Blanche of Lancaster]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1366|4|15|df=no}}<ref name=HenryIV>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/henry_iv_king.shtml |title=History \u2013 Henry IV |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-02-09}}</ref>\u000a| birth_place = [[Bolingbroke Castle]], Lincolnshire\u000a| death_date = 20 March 1413<ref name=HenryIV /> (aged 46)\u000a| death_place = [[Westminster]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Canterbury Cathedral]], Kent\u000a| signature = Henry IV Signature.svg\u000a
+p32
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry V\u000a| image = King Henry V from NPG.jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]; [[Lordship of Ireland|Lord of Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = [[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English sovereigns|(more...)]]\u000a| reign =20 March 1413 \u2013 31 August 1422\u000a| coronation = 9 April 1413, [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]]\u000a| spouse = [[Catherine of Valois]]<br />m. 1420; wid. 1422\u000a| issue = [[Henry VI of England]]\u000a| styles = The King<br />The Prince of Wales<br />The Duke of Cornwall<br />The Duke of Lancaster\u000a| house = [[House of Lancaster]]\u000a| father = [[Henry IV of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary de Bohun]]\u000a| birth_date = 16 September 1386/1387<ref name= allmand>{{Cite book| last= Allmand| first = Christopher| authorlink = Christopher Allmand| title = [[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]| publisher = Oxford University Press| location = Oxford, England, UK | date = September 2010 | chapter = Henry V (1386\u20131422) | doi = 10.1093/ref:odnb/12952}}</ref>\u000a| birth_place = [[Monmouth]], [[Principality of Wales|Wales]]\u000a| death_date = 31 August 1422<ref name="allmand" /> (aged 34\u201335)\u000a| death_place = [[Château de Vincennes]], [[France in the Middle Ages|France]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p33
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Henry VI \u000a| image = King Henry VI from NPG (2).jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = <br>(first time; [[Styles of English sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 31 August 1422 \u2013 4 March 1461\u000a| coronation = 6 November 1429\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry V of England|Henry V]]\u000a| regent = {{plainlist}}\u000a* [[John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford|John, Duke of Bedford]]\u000a* [[Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester|Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester]]\u000a* [[Henry Beaufort]]\u000a* [[Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York|Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a{{endplainlist}}\u000a| successor = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a|\u000a| succession1 = [[British claims to the French throne|King of France]]<br><small>(''disputed'')</small>\u000a| reign1 = 21 October 1422 \u2013 19 October 1453\u000a| moretext1 =\u000a| coronation1 = 16 December 1431\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Charles VI of France|Charles VI]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]]\u000a|\u000a| succession2 = King of England\u000a| moretext2 = <br>(second time)\u000a| reign2 = 3 October 1470 \u2013 11 April 1471\u000a| predecessor2 = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a| successor2 = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a|\u000a| spouse = [[Margaret of Anjou]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| house = [[House of Lancaster]]\u000a| father = [[Henry V of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Catherine of Valois]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth-date|df=yes|6 December 1421}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor Castle]], Berkshire\u000a| death_date = {{death-date and age|df=yes|21 May 1471|6 December 1421}}\u000a| death_place = [[Tower of London]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Windsor Castle]], Berkshire\u000a| signature = HenryVISig.svg\u000a
+p34
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward IV\u000a| image = Edward4.jpg\u000a| imgw = 229\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = <br>'''(First time)'''\u000a| reign ={{nowrap|4 March 1461 \u2013 3 October 1470<ref name=EdwardIV>[http://thepeerage.com/p10164.htm#i101635 thePeerage.com \u2013 Person Page 10187]. Retrieved 5 December 2009.</ref>}}\u000a| coronation = 28 June 1461\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]]\u000a| succession1 = King of England\u000a| moretext1 = <br>'''(Second time)'''\u000a| reign1 = 11 April 1471 \u2013 9 April 1483\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Edward V of England|Edward V]]\u000a| spouse = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| issue = [[Elizabeth of York|Elizabeth, Queen of England]]<br>[[Mary of York]]<br>[[Cecily of York|Cecily of York, Viscountess Welles]]<br>[[Edward V of England]]<br>[[Margaret of York (1472)|Margaret of York]]<br>[[Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York]]<br>[[Anne of York (daughter of Edward IV)|Anne of York]]<br>[[George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Bedford]]<br>[[Catherine of York|Catherine of York, Countess of Devon]]<br>[[Bridget of York]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York|Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1442|4|28|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Rouen]], Normandy\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1483|4|9|1442|4|28|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Westminster]]\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor Castle]]\u000a| signature = Edward IV signature.svg\u000a
+p35
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Edward V\u000a| image = King-edward-v.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200\u000a| caption = Edward V as Prince of Wales, part of ''[[Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers]]'' (1477)\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = [[Styles of English sovereigns|more]]\u000a| reign = 9 April 1483 \u2013 26 June 1483\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a| regent = [[Richard III of England|Richard, Duke of Gloucester]]\u000a| reg-type = Protector\u000a| successor = [[Richard III of England|Richard III]]\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth-date|df=yes|2 November 1470}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Westminster]], England\u000a| death_date = Unknown (presumed c. 1483)\u000a
+p36
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Richard III\u000a| image = Richard_III_earliest_surviving_portrait.jpg\u000a| caption = The earliest surviving portrait of Richard (c. 1520, after a lost original), formerly belonging to the [[Paston Letters|Paston family]]<br>([[Society of Antiquaries of London|Society of Antiquaries]], London)\u000a| imgw = 230\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Styles of English sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign =26 June 1483 \u2013 22 August 1485\u000a| coronation = 6 July 1483\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward V of England|Edward V]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]]\u000a| spouse = [[Anne Neville]]\u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a* [[Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales|Edward of Middleham]]\u000a* [[John of Gloucester]] (illegitimate)\u000a* Katherine Plantagenet (illegitimate)\u000a}}\u000a| styles = {{Plainlist|\u000a* The King\u000a* The Duke of Gloucester\u000a* Lord Richard Plantagenet\u000a}}\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York|Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1452|10|2|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Fotheringhay Castle]], Northamptonshire\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1485|8|22|1452|10|2}}\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Bosworth Field|Bosworth Field]], Leicestershire\u000a| burial_place = [[Greyfriars, Leicester]] (reburial planned for [[Leicester Cathedral]] 26 March 2015)\u000a| signature = Richard III signature 1.svg\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p37
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry VII\u000a| image = King Henry VII.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait of King Henry VII holding a [[Tudor Rose]], wearing collar of the [[Order of the Golden Fleece]], dated 1505, by unknown artist, National Portrait Gallery, London (NPG 416).\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Styles of English sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign =22 August 1485 \u2013 21 April 1509\u000a| coronation = 30 October 1485\u000a| predecessor = [[Richard III of England|Richard III]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]\u000a| spouse = [[Elizabeth of York]]\u000a| issue = [[Arthur, Prince of Wales]]<br>[[Margaret Tudor|Margaret, Queen of Scots]]<br>[[Henry VIII of England]]<br>[[Elizabeth Tudor (daughter of Henry VII)|Elizabeth Tudor]]<br>[[Mary Tudor (queen consort of France)|Mary, Queen of France]]<br>[[Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset]]<br>[[Katherine Tudor (1503)|Katherine Tudor]]\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby|Lady Margaret Beaufort]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1457|1|28|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Pembroke Castle]], Wales\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1509|4|21|1457|1|28|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Richmond Palace]], England\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a| signature = Henry VII Signature.svg\u000a
+p38
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry VIII\u000a| image = Workshop of Hans Holbein the Younger - Portrait of Henry VIII - Google Art Project.jpg\u000a| caption = King Henry VIII by [[Hans Holbein the Younger]], Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]]; [[List of Irish monarchs|Lord/King of Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the English sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|21 April 1509 \u2013 28 January 1547}}\u000a| coronation = 24 June 1509\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward VI of England|Edward VI]]\u000a| spouses = {{Plainlist|\u000a* [[Catherine of Aragon]]\u000a* [[Anne Boleyn]]\u000a* [[Jane Seymour]]\u000a* [[Anne of Cleves]]\u000a* [[Catherine Howard]]\u000a* [[Catherine Parr]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a* [[Mary I of England]]\u000a* [[Elizabeth I of England]]\u000a* [[Edward VI of England]]\u000a* [[Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset|Henry Fitzroy]] (illegitimate)\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link = #Marriages and issue\u000a| issue-pipe = Among others\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Henry VII of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1491|6|28|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Palace of Placentia|Greenwich Palace]], [[Greenwich]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1547|1|28|1491|6|28|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Palace of Whitehall]], London\u000a| burial_date = 4 February 1547\u000a| burial_place = [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a| signature = HenryVIIISig.svg\u000a|
+p39
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Edward VI\u000a| image = Portrait of Edward VI of England.jpg \u000a| imgw = \u000a| alt = Formal portrait in the Elizabethan style of Edward in his early teens. He has a long pointed face with fine features, dark eyes and a small full mouth.\u000a| caption = Edward VI, by [[William Scrots]], c. 1550\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English sovereigns|more ...]])\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|28 January 1547 \u2013 6 July 1553}}\u000a| regent = {{List collapsed|title=''See list''|1=[[Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset]] ''(1547\u20131549)''<br>[[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland]] ''(1549\u20131553)''\u000a}}\u000a| coronation = 20 February 1547\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]\u000a| successor = [[Lady Jane Grey|Jane]] <small>(disputed)</small> ''or '' [[Mary I of England|Mary I]]\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Henry VIII of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Jane Seymour]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1537|10|12|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Hampton Court Palace]], [[Middlesex]], England\u000a| death_date = 6 July 1553 (aged 15)\u000a| death_place = [[Greenwich Palace]], Kent, England\u000a| date of burial = 8 August 1553\u000a| place of burial = [[Henry VII Lady Chapel]], [[Westminster Abbey]], England\u000a| religion = [[Church of England]]\u000a| signature = EdwardVI Signature.svg\u000a
+p40
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Lady Jane Grey\u000a| image = streathamladyjayne.jpg\u000a| caption = The [[Streatham portrait]], discovered at the beginning of the 21st century and believed to be a copy of a contemporary portrait of Lady Jane Grey.<ref name="guardian">{{cite news | last =Higgins| first =Charlotte| title =Is this the true face of Lady Jane?|work=The Guardian| date =16 January 2006| url =http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2006/jan/16/arts.research| accessdate =2008-05-11 }}</ref>\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|Queen of England]] and [[List of Irish monarchs|Ireland]] \u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English sovereigns|more...]]) <br> '''(Disputed)'''\u000a| reign ={{nowrap|10 July 1553 \u2013 19 July 1553}}<ref>Williamson, David (2010). ''Kings & Queens''. National Portrait Gallery Publications. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-85514-432-3</ref>\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward VI of England|Edward VI]]\u000a| successor = [[Mary I of England|Mary I]]\u000a| house = [[Grey (surname)|Grey]] or [[Duke of Suffolk|Suffolk]]\u000a| spouse = [[Lord Guildford Dudley]]\u000a| father = [[Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a| mother = [[Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk|Lady Frances Brandon]]\u000a| birth_date = 1536/1537\u000a| death_date = 12 February 1554 (aged 16\u201317)\u000a| death_place = [[Tower of London]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Church of St Peter ad Vincula|St Peter ad Vincula, London]]\u000a| signature = Janegreysig.jpg\u000a
+p41
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Mary I\u000a| image = [[File:Maria Tudor1.jpg|232px]]\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Antonis Mor]], 1554\u000a| alt = Mary has a high forehead, thin lips and hair parted in the middle\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|Queen of England]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Styles of English sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = July 1553<ref>Her half-brother died on 6 July; she was proclaimed his successor in London on 19 July; her regnal years were dated from 24 July (Weir, p. 160).</ref> \u2013 <br> 17 November 1558\u000a| coronation = 1 October 1553\u000a| predecessor = [[Lady Jane Grey|Jane]] ''(disputed) or'' [[Edward VI of England|Edward VI]]\u000a| regent = [[Philip II of Spain|Philip]]\u000a| reg-type = Co-monarch\u000a| successor = [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth I]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of Spanish consorts|Queen consort of Spain]]\u000a| reign1 = 16 January 1556 \u2013 <br> 17 November 1558\u000a| reign-type1 = Tenure\u000a| spouse = [[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Henry VIII of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Catherine of Aragon]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1516|2|18|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Palace of Placentia]], [[Greenwich]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1558|11|17|1516|2|18|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[St James's Palace]], London\u000a| date of burial = 14 December 1558\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a| signature = Mary I Signature.svg\u000a| religion=[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p42
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Elizabeth I\u000a| image=Darnley_stage_3.jpg |caption=The "Darnley Portrait" of Elizabeth I ([[Circa|c.]] 1575)\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|Queen of England]] and [[List of Irish monarchs|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the English sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 17 November 1558 \u2013 <br>24 March 1603\u000a| coronation = 15 January 1559\u000a| predecessor = [[Mary I of England|Mary I]] and [[Philip II of Spain|Philip]]\u000a| pre-type = Predecessors\u000a| successor = [[James VI and I|James I]]\u000a| house = [[Tudor dynasty|House of Tudor]]\u000a| father=[[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] |mother=[[Anne Boleyn]]\u000a| birth_date=7 September 1533 |birth_place=[[Palace of Placentia]], [[Greenwich]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| death_date={{death date and age|1603|3|24|1533|9|7|df=y}} |death_place=[[Richmond Palace]], [[Surrey]], England |place of burial=[[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a| signature = Autograph of Elizabeth I of England.svg\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism|Anglican]]\u000a
+p43
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = James VI and I\u000a| image = James I of England by Daniel Mytens.jpg|\u000a| imgw = 235px\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Daniel Mytens]], 1621\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish monarchs|King of Scots]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Styles of Scottish sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|24 July 1567 \u2013 27 March 1625}}\u000a| coronation = 29 July 1567\u000a| predecessor = [[Mary, Queen of Scots]]\u000a| regent = {{List collapsed|title=''See list''|1=[[James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray|James Stewart, Earl of Moray]]<br />''(1567\u20131570)''<br/>[[Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox|Matthew Stewart, Earl of Lennox]]<br />''(1570\u20131571)''<br/>[[John Erskine, 17th Earl of Mar|John Erskine, Earl of Mar]]<br />''(1571\u20131572)''<br/>[[James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton|James Douglas, Earl of Morton]]<br/>''(1572\u20131581)''}}\u000a| reg-type = Regents\u000a| successor = [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext1 = ([[Styles of English and Scottish sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign1 = {{nowrap|24 March 1603 \u2013 27 March 1625}}\u000a| coronation1 = 25 July 1603\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth I]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Anne of Denmark]]\u000a| issue = [[Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales]]<br />[[Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia]]<br />[[Charles I of England|Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary, Queen of Scots]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1566|6|19|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Edinburgh Castle]], Scotland\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1625|3|27|1566|6|19|df=yes}}<br/><small>([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]: 6 April 1625)</small>\u000a| death_place = [[Theobalds House]], England\u000a| date of burial = 7 May 1625\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Church of Scotland]]; [[Church of England]]\u000a| signature = James I of England signature.svg\u000a|
+p44
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Charles I\u000a| image = King Charles I after original by van Dyck.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait from the studio of [[Anthony van Dyck]], 1636\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]] and [[List of Irish monarchs|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English and Scottish sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 27 March 1625 \u2013 30 January 1649\u000a| coronation = 2 February 1626\u000a| predecessor = [[James VI and I|James I]]\u000a| successor = [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] ''([[de jure]])''<br />[[English Council of State|Council of State]] ''(de facto)''\u000a| succession1 = [[List of Scottish monarchs|King of Scotland]]\u000a| moretext1 = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English and Scottish sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign1 = {{Nowrap|27 March 1625 \u2013 30 January 1649}}\u000a| coronation1 = 18 June 1633\u000a| predecessor1 = [[James VI and I|James VI]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]\u000a| spouse = [[Henrietta Maria of France]]\u000a| religion = [[Anglican]]\u000a| issue = [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]<br />[[Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange]]<br />[[James II of England|James II & VII]]<br />[[Elizabeth Stuart (1635\u20131650)|Elizabeth]]<br />[[Anne of England (1637\u20131640)|Anne]]<br />[[Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester|Henry, Duke of Gloucester]]<br />[[Princess Henrietta of England|Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James VI and I|James VI of Scotland and I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1600|11|19}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Dunfermline Palace]], [[Dunfermline]], Scotland\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1649|1|30|1600|11|19}}\u000a| death_place = [[Palace of Whitehall|Whitehall]], London\u000a| date of burial = 9 February 1649\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]], England\u000a
+p45
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Charles II\u000a| image = King Charles II by John Michael Wright or studio.jpg\u000a| caption = Charles II in the robes of the [[Order of the Garter]], by [[John Michael Wright]] or studio, c. 1660\u20131665\u000a| alt = Seated man of thin build with chest-length curly black hair\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]], [[List of Scottish monarchs|Scotland]], and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English and Scottish sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 29 May 1660{{efn|name=reign|The traditional date of the Restoration marking the first assembly of King and Parliament together since the abolition of the English monarchy in 1649. The English Parliament recognised Charles as King of England by unanimous vote on 2 May 1660, and he was proclaimed King in London on 8 May, although royalists had recognised him as such since the execution of his father on 30 January 1649. During Charles's reign all legal documents were dated as if his reign began at his father's death.}} \u2013<br>6 February 1685\u000a| predecessor =[[Charles I of England|Charles I]]\u000a| successor = [[James II of England|James II & VII]]\u000a| coronation = 23 April 1661\u000a| succession1 = [[List of Scottish monarchs|King of Scotland]]\u000a| reign1 = 30 January 1649 \u2013 3 September 1651{{efn|From the death of his father to his defeat at the [[Battle of Worcester]]}}\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]\u000a| successor1 = ''Military government''\u000a| coronation1 = 1 January 1651\u000a| spouse = [[Catherine of Braganza]]\u000a| issue = ''Illegitimate:''<br />[[James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth|James Scott, Duke of Monmouth]]<br />[[Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth|Charles FitzCharles, Earl of Plymouth]]<br />[[Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland|Charles FitzRoy, Duke of Cleveland]]<br />[[Charlotte Lee, Countess of Lichfield]]<br />[[Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton|Henry FitzRoy, Duke of Grafton]]<br />[[George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland|George FitzRoy, Duke of Northumberland]]<br />[[Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans|Charles Beauclerk, Duke of St Albans]]<br />[[Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond|Charles Lennox, Duke of Richmond]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]\u000a| mother = [[Henrietta Maria of France]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1630|5|29|df=y}}<br/><small>([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]: 8 June 1630)</small>\u000a| birth_place =[[St. James's Palace]], London, England\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1685|2|6|1630|5|29|df=yes}}<br/><small>([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]: 16 February 1685)</small>\u000a| death_place = [[Whitehall Palace]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a| signature = CharlesIISig.svg\u000a|religion =[[Church of England]], converted to [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]] on his deathbed\u000a|
+p46
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = James II & VII\u000a| image = King James II by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Sir Godfrey Kneller]], 1684\u000a| succession = King of [[List of English monarchs|England]], [[List of Scottish monarchs|Scotland]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English and Scottish sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 6 February 1685 \u2013<br>11 December 1688\u000a| coronation = 23 April 1685\u000a| predecessor = [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]\u000a| successor = [[William III of England|William III & II]] and [[Mary II of England|Mary II]]\u000a| suc-type = Successors\u000a| spouse = [[Anne Hyde]]<br> (1660\u20131671; her death)<br>[[Mary of Modena]]<br> (1673\u20131701; his death)\u000a| issue = [[Mary II of England]]<br>[[Anne, Queen of Great Britain]]<br>[[James Francis Edward Stuart]]<br>[[Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart]]<br>''[[Henrietta FitzJames]]''<br>''[[James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick]]''<br>''[[Henry FitzJames]]''\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]\u000a| mother = [[Henrietta Maria of France]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1633|10|14|df=y}}<br/><small>([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]: 24 October 1633)</small>\u000a| birth_place = [[St. James's Palace]], London\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1701|9|16|1633|10|14|df=yes}} ([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]])\u000a| death_place = [[Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye]], [[Kingdom of France|France]]\u000a| place of burial = Church of the English Benedictines, Paris\u000a| religion = [[Catholic|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature = JamesIISig.svg\u000a|
+p47
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Mary II\u000a| image = 1662 Mary II.jpg\u000a| caption = ''The Lady Mary'' by [[Peter Lely]], 1677\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|Queen of England]], [[List of Scottish monarchs|Scotland]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of English and Scottish sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 13 February 1689 \u2013<br>28 December 1694\u000a| coronation = 11 April 1689\u000a| predecessor = [[James II of England|James II & VII]]\u000a| successor = [[William III of England|William III & II]]\u000a| regent = William III & II\u000a| reg-type = Co-monarch\u000a| spouse = William III & II\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James II of England|James II & VII]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne Hyde]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1662|4|30|df=yes}}<br/><small>([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]: 10 May 1662)</small>\u000a| birth_place = [[St. James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1694|12|28|1662|4|30}}<br/><small>([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]: 7 January 1695)</small>\u000a| death_place = [[Kensington Palace]], London\u000a| date of burial = 5 March 1695\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism]]\u000a|
+p48
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = William III\u000a| image = King William III of England, (1650-1702).jpg\u000a| caption = William III by Sir [[Godfrey Kneller]]\u000a| succession = [[Principality of Orange|Prince of Orange]]\u000a| reign = 4 November 1650<ref name=OSNS/> \u2013<br > 8 March 1702\u000a| predecessor = [[William II, Prince of Orange|William II]]\u000a| successor = [[John William Friso, Prince of Orange|John William Friso]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Stadtholder|Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland and Overijssel]]\u000a| reign1 = July 1672 \u2013 8 March 1702\u000a| predecessor1 = [[William II, Prince of Orange|William II]]\u000a| successor1 = [[William IV, Prince of Orange|William IV]]\u000a| succession2 = [[List of English monarchs|King of England]], [[List of Scottish monarchs|Scotland]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext2 = ([[Styles of English and Scottish sovereigns|more ...]])\u000a| reign2 = 13 February 1689 \u2013<br > 8 March 1702\u000a| coronation2 = 11 April 1689\u000a| predecessor2 = [[James II of England|James II & VII]]\u000a| successor2 = [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Anne]]\u000a| regent2 = [[Mary II of England|Mary II]]\u000a| reg-type2 = Co-monarch\u000a| spouse =[[Mary II of England]]\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| house = [[House of Orange-Nassau]]\u000a| father =[[William II, Prince of Orange]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange|Mary, Princess Royal]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1650|11|4}}<br />{{small|[<nowiki />[[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]: 14 November 1650<nowiki />]}}<ref name=OSNS>During William's lifetime, two calendars were in use in Europe: the Old Style [[Julian calendar]] in Britain and parts of Northern and Eastern Europe, and the New Style [[Gregorian calendar]] elsewhere, including William's birthplace in the Netherlands. At the time of William's birth, Gregorian dates were ten days ahead of Julian dates: thus William was born on 14 November 1650 by Gregorian reckoning, but on 4 November 1650 by Julian. At William's death, Gregorian dates were eleven days ahead of Julian dates. He died on 8 March 1702 by the standard Julian calendar, but on 19 March 1702 by the Gregorian calendar. (However, the English New Year fell on 25 March, so by English reckoning of the time, William died on 8 March 1701.) Unless otherwise noted, dates in this article follow the standard Julian calendar, in which the New Year falls on 1 January.</ref>\u000a| birth_place = [[Binnenhof]], [[The Hague]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1702|3|8|1650|11|4}}<br /><small>[<nowiki />[[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]: 19 March 1702<nowiki />]</small>\u000a| death_place = [[Kensington Palace]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a| religion = [[Protestantism]]\u000a| signature = WilliamIII Sig.svg\u000a|
+p49
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Anne\u000a| image = Anne1705.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Michael Dahl]], 1705\u000a| succession = [[List of English monarchs|Queen of England]], [[List of Scottish monarchs|Scotland]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Styles of English and Scottish sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 8 March 1702 \u2013 1 May 1707\u000a| coronation = 23 April 1702\u000a| cor-type = britain\u000a| predecessor = [[William III of England|William III & II]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of British monarchs|Queen of Great Britain]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| moretext1 = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign1 = 1 May 1707 \u2013 1 August 1714\u000a| successor1 = [[George I of Great Britain|George I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Prince George of Denmark]]\u000a| issue = [[Prince William, Duke of Gloucester]]\u000a| issue-link = #Pregnancies\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James II of England|James II & VII]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne Hyde]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1665|2|6|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[St James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1714|8|1|1665|2|6|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kensington Palace]], London\u000a| date of burial = 24 August 1714\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a| signature = Firma Reina Ana.svg\u000a| religion = [[Church of England|Anglican]]\u000a
+p50
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = George I\u000a| image = King George I by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt (3).jpg\u000a| caption = George I, c. 1714. Studio of Sir [[Godfrey Kneller]].\u000a| succession = [[List of British monarchs|King of Great Britain and Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 1 August 1714 \u2013 11 June 1727<ref name="dates">Throughout George's life, Great Britain used the [[Old Style and New Style dates|Old Style]] [[Julian calendar]]. Hanover adopted the [[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]] [[Gregorian calendar]] on 1 March 1700 (N.S.) / 19 February 1700 (O.S.). Old Style is used for dates in this article unless otherwise indicated; however, years are assumed to start from 1 January and not 25 March, which was the English New Year.</ref>\u000a| coronation = 20 October 1714\u000a| cor-type = britain\u000a| predecessor = [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Anne]]\u000a| successor = [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| reg-type = [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]\u000a| regent = [[Robert Walpole]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Elector of Hanover]]\u000a| reign1 = {{nowrap|23 January 1698 \u2013 11 June 1727}}<ref name="dates"/>\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover|Ernest Augustus]]\u000a| successor1 = [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| spouse = [[Sophia Dorothea of Celle]]\u000a| issue = [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]<br/>[[Sophia Dorothea of Hanover|Sophia Dorothea]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| full name = George Louis ({{lang-de|link=no|Georg Ludwig}})\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover]]\u000a| mother = [[Sophia of Hanover|Sophia of the Palatinate]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1660|5|28|df=yes}}<br/><small>7 June 1660 ([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]])</small>\u000a| birth_place = [[Hanover]], Holy Roman Empire\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1727|6|11|1660|5|28|df=yes}}<br/><small>22 June 1727 ([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]])</small>\u000a| death_place = [[:de:Schloss Osnabrück|Schloss Osnabrück]], [[Osnabrück]]\u000a| date of burial = 4 August 1727\u000a| place of burial = [[Leineschloss]], Hanover; later [[Herrenhausen Gardens|Herrenhausen]], Hanover\u000a| signature = George I Signature.svg\u000a| religion = [[Lutheran]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Lathbury|first=Thomas|authorlink=Thomas Lathbury|title=A History of the Book of Common Prayer and Other Books of Authority|url=http://books.google.com/?id=15E5AAAAMAAJ|year=1858|publisher=John Henry and James Parker|location=Oxford|page=430|quote=George I. remained a Lutheran as long as he lived, and had his German chaplain; but he conformed on some occasions with the Church of England. George II. was in the same position. Though Lutherans, they exercised acts of supremacy in the Church of England; and the common opinion was, that there was no opposition between the views of the two Churches}}</ref>|
+p51
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = George II\u000a| image = [[File:George II by Thomas Hudson.jpg|235px]]\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Thomas Hudson (painter)|Thomas Hudson]], 1744\u000a| alt = George sitting on a throne\u000a| succession = [[King of Great Britain]] [[King of Ireland|and Ireland]]<br />[[Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Elector of Hanover]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = 11/22{{ref|dates|O.S./N.S.}} June 1727 \u2013<br /> 25 October 1760\u000a| coronation = 11/22{{ref|dates|O.S./N.S.}} October 1727\u000a| cor-type = britain\u000a| predecessor = [[George I of Great Britain|George I]]\u000a| successor = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| reg-type = [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Ministers]]\u000a| regent = {{Collapsible list |title=''See list'' |{{plainlist|\u000a* [[Robert Walpole]]\u000a* [[Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington|Lord Wilmington]]\u000a* [[Henry Pelham]]\u000a* [[Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle|The Duke of Newcastle]]\u000a* [[William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire|The Duke of Devonshire]]}}}}\u000a| spouse = [[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| issue = {{plainlist|\u000a* [[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a* [[Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange]]\u000a* [[Princess Amelia of Great Britain|Princess Amelia]]\u000a* [[Princess Caroline of Great Britain|Princess Caroline]]\u000a* [[Prince George William of Great Britain|Prince George William]]\u000a* [[Prince William, Duke of Cumberland]]\u000a* [[Princess Mary of Great Britain|Princess Mary, Landgravine of Hesse]]\u000a* [[Louise of Great Britain|Louisa, Queen of Denmark and Norway]]}}\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| full name = George Augustus<br >{{lang-de|link=no|Georg August}}\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George I of Great Britain|George I]]\u000a| mother = [[Sophia Dorothea of Celle]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheran]]\u000a| birth_date = 30 October / 9 November 1683{{ref|dates|O.S./N.S.}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Herrenhausen Gardens|Herrenhausen Palace]],<ref name=cannon>Cannon.</ref> or [[Leineschloss|Leine Palace]],<ref>Thompson, p. 10.</ref> [[Hanover]], [[Electorate of Brunswick-Luneburg]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1760|10|25|1683|11|9|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kensington Palace]], [[London]], [[England]], [[Kingdom of Great Britain]]\u000a| date of burial = 11 November 1760\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a| signature = Firma del Rey George II.svg\u000a|
+p52
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name = George III\u000a|image = Allan Ramsay - King George III in coronation robes - Google Art Project.jpg\u000a|caption = Portrait by [[Allan Ramsay (artist)|Allan Ramsay]], 1762\u000a|alt = Full-length portrait in oils of a clean-shaven young man in eighteenth century dress: gold jacket and breeches, ermine cloak, powdered wig, white stockings, and buckled shoes.\u000a|reign = 25 October 1760 \u2013 29 January 1820\u000a|coronation = 22 September 1761\u000a|cor-type = britain\u000a|succession = [[List of British monarchs|King of Great Britain and Ireland]] ''later''<br />[[List of British monarchs|King of the United Kingdom]] [[King of Hanover|and Hanover]]\u000a|moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a|predecessor = [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a|regent =[[George IV of the United Kingdom|George, Prince Regent]] ''(1811\u201320)''\u000a|successor = [[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]]\u000a|reg-type1 = [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Ministers]]\u000a|regent1={{List collapsed|title=''See list''|1=[[Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle|Duke of Newcastle]]<br />[[John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute|Earl of Bute]]<br />[[George Grenville]]<br />[[Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham|Marquess of Rockingham]]<br />[[William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham|Earl of Chatham]]<br />[[Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton|Duke of Grafton]]<br />[[Frederick North, Lord North|Lord North]]<br />[[William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne|Earl of Shelburne]]<br />[[William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland|Duke of Portland]]<br />[[William Pitt the Younger]]<br />[[Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth|Henry Addington]]<br />[[William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville|Lord Grenville]]<br />[[Spencer Perceval]]<br />[[Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool|Earl of Liverpool]]}}\u000a|spouse = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]<br />(m. 1761, d. 1818)\u000a|issue={{List collapsed|title=''See list''|1=[[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]]<br />[[Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany|Prince Frederick, Duke of York]]<br />[[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]<br />[[Charlotte, Princess Royal|Charlotte, Princess Royal, Queen of Württemberg]]<br />[[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn]]<br />[[Princess Augusta Sophia of the United Kingdom|Princess Augusta Sophia]]<br />[[Princess Elizabeth of the United Kingdom|Princess Elizabeth, Landgravine of Hesse-Homburg]]<br />[[Ernest Augustus I of Hanover]]<br />[[Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex]]<br />[[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge]]<br />[[Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester]]<br />[[Princess Sophia of the United Kingdom|Princess Sophia]]<br />[[Prince Octavius of Great Britain|Prince Octavius]]<br />[[Prince Alfred of Great Britain|Prince Alfred]]<br />[[Princess Amelia of the United Kingdom|Princess Amelia]]}}\u000a|issue-link = #Issue\u000a|full name = George William Frederick\u000a|house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a|father =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a|mother =[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha|Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a|birth_date = 4 June 1738 <small><nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]<nowiki>]</nowiki></small><ref name="date"/>\u000a|birth_place = [[Norfolk House]], [[St. James's Square]], [[London]]\u000a|death_date = {{Death date and age|1820|1|29|1738|6|4|df=yes}}\u000a|death_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[England]]\u000a|date of burial = 16 February 1820\u000a|place of burial = [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a|signature = George III Signature.svg\u000a|signature_alt = Handwritten "George" with a huge leading "G" and a curious curlicue at the end\u000a|religion = [[Church of England|Anglican]]\u000a|
+p53
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name =George IV\u000a|image =[[File:George IV 1821 color.jpg|245px]]\u000a|caption =George IV by Sir [[Thomas Lawrence]]\u000a|reign =29 January 1820 \u2013 26 June 1830\u000a|coronation =19 July 1821\u000a|cor-type =britain\u000a|succession =[[List of British monarchs|King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]] and [[King of Hanover]]\u000a|moretext =([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a|predecessor =[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a|successor =[[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]\u000a|reg-type =[[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Ministers]]\u000a|regent={{List collapsed|title=''See list''|1= [[Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool|Earl of Liverpool]]<br>[[George Canning]]<br>[[F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich|Viscount Goderich]]<br>[[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington]]}}\u000a|spouse=[[Maria Fitzherbert]]<br />[[Caroline of Brunswick]]\u000a|issue =[[Princess Charlotte of Wales]]\u000a|full name =George Augustus Frederick\u000a|house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a|father =[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a|mother =[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a|birth_date ={{Birth date|1762|8|12|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place =[[St James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a|death_date ={{Death date and age|1830|06|26|1762|08|12|df=yes}}\u000a|death_place =[[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]]\u000a|date of burial =15 July 1830\u000a|place of burial =[[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a|religion =[[Church of England|Anglican]]\u000a|signature =George IV Signature.svg\u000a|
+p54
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = William IV\u000a| image = William IV crop.jpg\u000a| caption = William IV, painted by Sir [[Martin Archer Shee]], 1833\u000a| succession = [[List of British monarchs|King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|26 June 1830 \u2013 20 June 1837}}\u000a| coronation = 8 September 1831\u000a| cor-type = britain\u000a| predecessor =[[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Queen Victoria|Victoria]]\u000a| reg-type = [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Ministers]]\u000a| regent =\u000a {{list collapsed\u000a | title = ''See list''\u000a | 1 =\u000a {{plainlist |\u000a* [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington]]\u000a* [[Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey|Earl Grey]]\u000a* [[William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne|Viscount Melbourne]]\u000a* [[Robert Peel]]\u000a }}\u000a }}\u000a| succession1 = [[King of Hanover]]\u000a| reign1 = 26 June 1830 \u2013 20 June 1837\u000a| predecessor1 = [[George IV]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Ernest Augustus I of Hanover|Ernest Augustus I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| issue =\u000a''Legitimate:''<br />\u000aPrincess Charlotte of Clarence <br />\u000a[[Princess Elizabeth of Clarence]]\u000a\u000a''Illegitimate:''\u000a {{plainlist |\u000a* [[George FitzClarence, 1st Earl of Munster|George FitzClarence, Earl of Munster]]\u000a* [[Henry FitzClarence]]\u000a* [[Sophia Sidney, Baroness De L'Isle and Dudley]]\u000a* [[Lady Mary Fox]]\u000a* [[Lord Frederick FitzClarence]]\u000a* [[Elizabeth Hay, Countess of Erroll]]\u000a* [[Lord Adolphus FitzClarence]]\u000a* [[Lady Augusta Gordon]]\u000a* Lord Augustus FitzClarence\u000a* [[Amelia Cary, Viscountess Falkland]]\u000a }}\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| full name = William Henry\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1765|8|21|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], London\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1837|6|20|1765|8|21|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Windsor Castle]], Berkshire\u000a| date of burial = 8 July 1837\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| signature = William IV Signature.svg\u000a| occupation = Military (Naval)\u000a| religion = [[Church of England|Anglican]]\u000a|
+p55
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Victoria\u000a| image = [[File:Queen Victoria by Bassano.jpg|245px]]|alt=Photograph of Queen Victoria, 1882\u000a| caption = Victoria wearing her [[Small diamond crown of Queen Victoria|small diamond crown]]<br />Photograph by [[Alexander Bassano]], 1882\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|20 June 1837 \u2013 22 January 1901}}\u000a| coronation = 28 June 1838\u000a| cor-type = britain\u000a| succession = [[List of British monarchs|Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]]\u000a| predecessor = [[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward VII]]\u000a| reign1 = 1 May 1876 \u2013 22 January 1901\u000a| coronation1 = 1 January 1877\u000a| cor-type1 = [[Delhi Durbar#Durbar of 1877|Imperial Durbar]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Empress of India]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Edward VII]]\u000a| reg-type = Prime Ministers\u000a| regent = [[List of Prime Ministers of Queen Victoria|''See list'']]\u000a| reg-type1 = Viceroys\u000a| regent1 = [[Viceroy of India|''See list'']]\u000a| spouse = [[Albert, Prince Consort|Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| issue = {{ubl | [[Victoria, Princess Royal|Victoria, German Empress]] | [[Edward VII]] | [[Princess Alice of the United Kingdom|Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse]] | [[Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] | [[Princess Helena of the United Kingdom|Princess Helena]] | [[Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll]] | [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn|Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught]] | [[Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany]] | [[Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom|Princess Beatrice]] }}\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| full name = Alexandrina Victoria\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1819|5|24}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Kensington Palace]], London\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1901|1|22|1819|5|24}}\u000a| death_place = [[Osborne House]], Isle of Wight\u000a| date of burial = 4 February 1901\u000a| place of burial = [[Frogmore]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| signature = Queen Victoria Signature.svg\u000a
+p56
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward VII\u000a| image = Edward VII in coronation robes.jpg\u000a| caption = Coronation portrait by Sir [[Luke Fildes]]\u000a| reign = {{Nowrap|22 January 1901 \u2013 6 May 1910}}\u000a| coronation = 9 August 1902\u000a| cor-type = [[Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra|Coronation]]\u000a| coronation1 = 1 January 1903\u000a| cor-type1 = [[Delhi Durbar#Durbar of 1903|Imperial Durbar]]\u000a| succession = [[List of British monarchs|King of the United Kingdom]] and the [[British Dominions]], [[Emperor of India]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Queen Victoria|Victoria]]\u000a| successor1 = [[George V]]\u000a| reg-type1 = Prime Ministers\u000a| regent1 = [[List of Prime Ministers of King Edward VII|''See list'']]\u000a| spouse = [[Alexandra of Denmark]]\u000a| issue = [[Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale]]<br/>[[George V]]<br/>[[Louise, Princess Royal]]<br/>[[Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom]]<br/>[[Maud of Wales|Maud, Queen of Norway]]<br/>Prince Alexander John of Wales\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| full name = Albert Edward\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father = [[Albert, Prince Consort]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1841|11|9|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1910|5|6|1841|11|9|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = Buckingham Palace, London, United Kingdom\u000a| date of burial = 20 May 1910\u000a| place of burial = [[St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]], [[Windsor, Berkshire]], [[United Kingdom]]\u000a| signature = EdwardVII Signature.svg\u000a| religion = [[Church of England|Anglican]]\u000a
+p57
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name = George V\u000a|image = King George V 1911 color-crop.jpg\u000a|imgw = 235\u000a|caption = Coronation portrait by [[Luke Fildes|Sir Luke Fildes]], 1911\u000a|alt = Full-length portrait in oils of George V\u000a|reign = {{nowrap|6 May 1910 \u2013 20 January 1936}}\u000a|coronation = 22 June 1911\u000a|cor-type = Britain\u000a|coronation1 = 12 December 1911\u000a|cor-type1 = [[Delhi Durbar#Durbar of 1911|Imperial Durbar]]\u000a|succession = [[List of British monarchs|King of the United Kingdom]] and the [[British Dominions]], [[Emperor of India]]\u000a|moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more ...]])\u000a|predecessor1 =[[Edward VII]]\u000a|successor1 =[[Edward VIII]]\u000a|reg-type1 = Prime Ministers\u000a|regent1 = ''[[List of Prime Ministers of King George V|See list]]''\u000a|spouse =[[Mary of Teck]]\u000a|issue = [[Edward VIII]]<br />[[George VI]]<br />[[Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood|Mary, Princess Royal]]<br />[[Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester|Henry, Duke of Gloucester]]<br />[[Prince George, Duke of Kent|George, Duke of Kent]]<br />[[Prince John of the United Kingdom|John]]\u000a|issue-link =#Issue\u000a|full name =George Frederick Ernest Albert\u000a|house =[[House of Windsor]]<br />[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] ''<small>(former)</small>''\u000a|father =[[Edward VII]]\u000a|mother =[[Alexandra of Denmark]]\u000a|birth_date ={{birth date|1865|6|3|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place =[[Marlborough House]], [[London]]\u000a|death_date ={{Death date and age|1936|1|20|1865|6|3|df=yes}}\u000a|death_place =[[Sandringham House]], [[Norfolk]]\u000a|date of burial =28 January 1936\u000a|place of burial =[[St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a|signature = George V Signature.svg\u000a|religion=[[Church of England|Anglican]]\u000a|
+p58
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward VIII\u000a| image = Portrait of Edward VIII of the United Kingdom.jpg\u000a| alt = Edward is young, clean-shaven and in military uniform\u000a| caption = Edward in 1919\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|20 January 1936 \u2013 11 December 1936}}\u000a| succession = [[List of British monarchs|King of the United Kingdom]] and the [[British Dominions]], [[Emperor of India]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| predecessor = [[George V]]\u000a| successor = [[George VI]]\u000a| reg-type = Prime Ministers\u000a| regent = ''[[List of Prime Ministers of King Edward VIII|See list]]''\u000a| spouse = [[Wallis Simpson]]\u000a| full name = Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]]\u000a| father = [[George V]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary of Teck]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth-date|df=yes|23 June 1894}}\u000a| birth_place = [[White Lodge]], [[Municipal Borough of Richmond (Surrey)|Richmond]], Surrey, United Kingdom\u000a| death_date = 28 May 1972 (aged 77)\u000a| death_place = [[Villa Windsor|4 Route du Champ d'Entraînement]], [[Neuilly-sur-Seine]], Paris, France\u000a| date of burial = 5 June 1972\u000a| place of burial = [[Royal Burial Ground|Frogmore]], Berkshire\u000a| signature = Edwardsig.svg\u000a| religion = [[Church of England|Anglican]]\u000a|
+p59
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = George VI \u000a| image = King George VI of England, formal photo portrait, circa 1940-1946.jpg\u000a| caption = Formal portrait, c. 1940\u201346\u000a| reign = 11 December 1936 \u2013 6 February 1952\u000a| coronation = 12 May 1937\u000a| cor-type = [[Coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth|Coronation]]\u000a| succession = [[List of British monarchs|King of the United Kingdom]]<br />and the [[British Dominions]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Style of the British sovereign#Styles of British sovereigns|more...]])\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward VIII]]\u000a| successor = [[Elizabeth II]]\u000a| reign1 = 11 December 1936 \u2013 14 August 1947\u000a| succession1 = [[Emperor of India]]\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Edward VIII]]\u000a| reg-type = Prime Ministers\u000a| regent = [[List of Prime Ministers of King George VI|''See list'']]\u000a| spouse = [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon]]\u000a| issue = [[Elizabeth II]]<br />[[Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| full name = Albert Frederick Arthur George\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]]\u000a| father = [[George V]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary of Teck]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth-date|df=yes|14 December 1895}}\u000a| birth_place = [[York Cottage]], [[Sandringham House]], Norfolk, United Kingdom\u000a| death_date = {{Death-date and age|df=yes|6 February 1952|14 December 1895}}\u000a| death_place = [[Sandringham House]], Norfolk\u000a| date of burial = 15 February 1952\u000a| place of burial = [[St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a| religion = [[Church of England|Anglican]]\u000a|
+p60
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Elizabeth II\u000a| caption = Elizabeth II in May 2007\u000a| image = Elizabeth II greets NASA GSFC employees, May 8, 2007 edit.jpg\u000a| succession =\u000a {{longitem |padding-top:0.2em\u000a | {{nowrap|[[Monarchy of the United Kingdom|Queen of the United Kingdom]] and}}\u000a {{Collapsible list |title=the other [[Commonwealth realm]]s |titlestyle=background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-left:1.0em;\u000a | \u000a----\u000a {{Aligned table |fullwidth=on |cols=2 |class=nowrap |style=line-height:1.2em;\u000a |col1style=padding-right:0.5em;\u000a | '''[[United Kingdom]]''' | 1952\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Canada|Canada]]''' | 1952\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Australia|Australia]]''' | 1952\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of New Zealand|New Zealand]]''' | 1952\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | [[Dominion of Pakistan|Pakistan]] | 1952\u201356\u000a | [[Union of South Africa|South Africa]] | 1952\u201361\u000a | [[Dominion of Ceylon|Ceylon]] | 1952\u201372\u000a | [[Ghana (Commonwealth realm)|Ghana]] | 1957\u201360\u000a | [[Federation of Nigeria (Commonwealth realm)|Nigeria]] | 1960\u201363\u000a | [[Sierra Leone (Commonwealth realm)|Sierra Leone]] | 1961\u201371\u000a | [[Tanganyika]] | 1961\u201362\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Jamaica|Jamaica]]''' | 1962\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | [[Trinidad and Tobago (Commonwealth realm)|Trinidad and Tobago]] | 1962\u201376\u000a | [[Uganda (Commonwealth realm)|Uganda]] | 1962\u201363\u000a | [[Kenya (Commonwealth realm)|Kenya]] | 1963\u201364\u000a | [[Malawi (Commonwealth realm)|Malawi]] | 1964\u201366\u000a | [[State of Malta|Malta]] | 1964\u201374\u000a | [[The Gambia (Commonwealth realm)|The Gambia]] | 1965\u201370\u000a | [[Guyana (Commonwealth realm)|Guyana]] | 1966\u201370\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Barbados|Barbados]]''' | 1966\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | [[Mauritius (Commonwealth realm)|Mauritius]] | 1968\u201392\u000a | [[Dominion of Fiji|Fiji]] | 1970\u201387\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of the Bahamas|The Bahamas]]''' | 1973\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Grenada|Grenada]]''' | 1974\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Papua New Guinea|Papua New Guinea]]''' | 1975\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Solomon Islands|Solomon Islands]]''' | 1978\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Tuvalu|Tuvalu]]''' | 1978\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Saint Lucia|St. Lucia]]''' | 1979\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | {{longitem|line-height:1.1em|'''[[Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|St. Vincent and<br />the Grenadines]]'''}} | 1979\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Belize|Belize]]''' | 1981\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda|Antigua and Barbuda]]''' | 1981\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a | '''[[Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis|St. Kitts and Nevis]]''' | 1983\u2013{{smaller|present}}\u000a }} }} }}\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|6 February 1952\u2013{{smaller|present}}}}\u000a| cor-type = [[Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II|Coronation]]\u000a| coronation = 2 June 1953\u000a| predecessor = [[George VI]]\u000a| suc-type = Heir apparent\u000a| successor = [[Charles, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| reg-type = {{nowrap|Prime Ministers{{nbsp|2}}}}\u000a| regent = [[List of Prime Ministers of Queen Elizabeth II|''See list'']]\u000a| spouse = {{longitem|{{marriage|[[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]|20 November 1947}}}}\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue = {{startplainlist}}\u000a* [[Charles, Prince of Wales]]\u000a* [[Anne, Princess Royal]]\u000a* {{longitem|[[Prince Andrew, Duke of York]]}}\u000a* {{longitem|[[Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex]]}}\u000a{{endplainlist}}\u000a| full name = Elizabeth Alexandra Mary\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor|Windsor]]\u000a| father = [[George VI]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1926|4|21|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = {{longitem|class=nowrap |[[Mayfair, London]], [[England]],<br />[[United Kingdom]]}}\u000a| death_date = | death_place =\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism|Anglican]]\u000a|signature = Elizabeth II signature 1952.svg\u000a
+p61
+aVInfobox royalty|majesty|consort\u000a| name = Ealhswith\u000a| title = Wife of Alfred the Great\u000a| image =Queen.png\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Consort of the King of Wessex]]\u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption = \u000a| reign = 23 April 871 \u2013 26 October 899\u000a| spouse = [[Alfred the Great|Alfred, King of Wessex]]\u000a| issue = [[Æthelflæd|Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians]]<br />[[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of England]]<br />Æthelgifu<br />[[Æthelweard (son of Alfred)|Æthelweard of Wessex]]<br />[[Ælfthryth, Countess of Flanders]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Æthelred "Mucel", Ealdorman of the Gaini|Æthelred Mucel]]\u000a| mother = Eadburh\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 902\u000a| place of burial = [[New Minster, Winchester]]\u000a| occupation = \u000a|
+p62
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Ecgwynn\u000a| title = [[Queen consort of England]]\u000a| floruit = 890s\u000a| spouse = [[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| issue = [[Æthelstan of England|Æthelstan, King of England]] <br /> Edith?, wife of [[Sitric Cáech]]\u000a|
+p63
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type=majesty\u000a| name=Ælfflæd\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of Wessex]]\u000a| reign = c. 899 - c. 919\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| spouse = [[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of the Anglo-Saxons]]\u000a| issue = [[Ælfweard of Wessex|Ælfweard]]<br>[[Edwin, son of Edward the Elder|Edwin]]<br>[[Eadgifu of Wessex|Eadgifu, Queen of West Francia]]<br>[[Eadhild]], wife of [[Hugh the Great]]<br>[[Eadgyth|Eadgyth, Holy Roman Empress]]<br>Ælfgifu?<br>Eadflæd<br>Æthelhild\u000a
+p64
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of the Anglo-Saxons]]\u000a| image = Picture of Queen Ediva.jpg\u000a| caption = Picture of Queen Eadgifu from ''The Saxon Cathedral at Canterbury and The Saxon Saints Buried Therein''\u000a| reign = c .919 - 17 July 924\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| spouse = [[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of the Anglo-Saxons]]\u000a| father = Sigehelm, Ealdorman of Kent\u000a| issue = [[Edmund I|Edmund, King of England]]<br>[[Eadred|Eadred, King of England]]<br>[[Eadburh of Winchester|Saint Eadburh of Winchester]]<br>Eadgifu\u000a| birth_date = c. 903\u000a| death_date = c. {{death year and age|966|903}}\u000a
+p65
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 939 - 944\u000a| spouse = [[Edmund I|Edmund I, King of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| issue = [[Eadwig|Eadwig, King of England]]<br>[[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar, King of England]]\u000a| death_date = 944\u000a| father = \u000a| mother = Wynflæd\u000a| burial_place = [[Shaftesbury Abbey]]\u000a
+p66
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort = yes\u000a|succession= [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a|reign = 944 - 26 May 946\u000a|spouse = [[Edmund I|Edmund I, King of England]] <br> Æthelstan\u000a|house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a|father = Ælfgar, ealdorman of Essex\u000a
+p67
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Ælfgifu\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 23 November 955 \u2013 1 October 959\u000a| predecessor = [[Æthelflæd of Damerham]]\u000a| successor = [[Ælfthryth, wife of Edgar]]\u000a| spouse = [[Eadwig|Eadwig, King of England]] ([[annulled]])\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = Uncertain\u000a| mother = Ælfgifu\u000a| burial_place = [[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a
+p68
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Edgar\u000a| image = New Minster Charter 966 detail Edgar.jpg\u000a| imagesize = 250px\u000a| caption = A contemparary portrayal of King Edgar in the New Minster Charter.\u000a\u000a| succession = [[King of the English]]\u000a| reign = 1 October 959 \u2013 8 July 975\u000a| predecessor = [[Eadwig]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward the Martyr|Edward]]\u000a\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| spouses = {{Plainlist|\u000a* Æthelflæd<ref name=Stafford>Pauline Stafford, Queen Emma & Queen Edith, Blackwell 2001, pp. 324-325</ref>\u000a* Wulfthryth<ref name =Stafford/>\u000a* [[Ælfthryth, wife of Edgar|Ælfthryth]]\u000a}}\u000a| spouses-link = \u000a| spouses-pipe = \u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a* [[Edward the Martyr|Edward, King of England]]\u000a* [[Saint Edith of Wilton|Eadgyth]]<ref name =Stafford/>\u000a* Edmund<ref>Stafford, op. cit., p. 91</ref>\u000a* [[Æthelred the Unready|Æthelred, King of England]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link = \u000a| issue-pipe =\u000a\u000a| father = [[Edmund I|Edmund, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury]]\u000a| birth_date = 943/944\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 8 July 975 (aged 31/32)\u000a| death_place = [[Winchester]], [[Hampshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Glastonbury Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p69
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Edgar\u000a| image = New Minster Charter 966 detail Edgar.jpg\u000a| imagesize = 250px\u000a| caption = A contemparary portrayal of King Edgar in the New Minster Charter.\u000a\u000a| succession = [[King of the English]]\u000a| reign = 1 October 959 \u2013 8 July 975\u000a| predecessor = [[Eadwig]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward the Martyr|Edward]]\u000a\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| spouses = {{Plainlist|\u000a* Æthelflæd<ref name=Stafford>Pauline Stafford, Queen Emma & Queen Edith, Blackwell 2001, pp. 324-325</ref>\u000a* Wulfthryth<ref name =Stafford/>\u000a* [[Ælfthryth, wife of Edgar|Ælfthryth]]\u000a}}\u000a| spouses-link = \u000a| spouses-pipe = \u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a* [[Edward the Martyr|Edward, King of England]]\u000a* [[Saint Edith of Wilton|Eadgyth]]<ref name =Stafford/>\u000a* Edmund<ref>Stafford, op. cit., p. 91</ref>\u000a* [[Æthelred the Unready|Æthelred, King of England]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link = \u000a| issue-pipe =\u000a\u000a| father = [[Edmund I|Edmund, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury]]\u000a| birth_date = 943/944\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 8 July 975 (aged 31/32)\u000a| death_place = [[Winchester]], [[Hampshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Glastonbury Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p70
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|type = majesty\u000a|consort = yes\u000a|name = Ælfthryth\u000a|succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a|birth_date = {{circa|945}}\u000a|death_date = 17 November 1000 or 1001\u000a|reign = 964/965 \u2013 8 July 975\u000a|coronation = 11 May 973\u000a|spouse = [[Æthelwald, Ealdorman of East Anglia]] <br>[[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar, King of England]]\u000a|father = [[Ordgar, Ealdorman of Devon]]\u000a|issue = ''by [[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar]]:'' <br> Edmund of England<br>[[Æthelred the Unready|Æthelred, King of England]]\u000a
+p71
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Ælfgifu of York\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 980s\u20131002\u000a| spouse = [[Æthelred the Unready]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| issue = [[Æthelstan Ætheling]] <br> Ecgberht of England <br> [[Edmund Ironside]] <br>[[Eadred Ætheling]] <br> [[Eadwig Ætheling]] <br> Edgar of England <br> Edith, Lady of the Mercians <br> Ælfgifu, Lady of Northumbria <br> Wulfhilda, Lady of East Anglia\u000a| father = [[Thored|Thored, Earl of southern Northumbria]]\u000a| birth_date = fl. c. 970\u000a| death_date = c. 1002\u000a
+p72
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Emma ReceivingThe Encomium.jpeg\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| caption = Emma receiving the ''Encomium'', in ''The Encomium Of Queen Emma'', British Library MS 33241.\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 1002 \u2013 summer 1013<br />3 February 1014 \u2013 23 April 1016 <br />July 1017 \u2013 12 November 1035\u000a| succession1 = [[List of Danish consorts|Queen consort of Denmark]]\u000a| reign1 = 1018 \u2013 12 November 1035\u000a| succession2 = [[List of Norwegian consorts|Queen consort of Norway]]\u000a| reign2 = 1028 \u2013 12 November 1035\u000a| spouse =[[Æthelred the Unready]]<br />[[Cnut the Great]]\u000a| issue =[[Edward the Confessor]]<br />[[Goda of England|Goda, Countess of Boulogne]]<br />[[Alfred Ætheling]]<br />[[Harthacnut]]<br />[[Gunhilda of Denmark|Gunhilda, Holy Roman Empress]]\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy]]\u000a| father =[[Richard I of Normandy|Richard the Fearless]]\u000a| mother =[[Gunnora]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa| 985}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Normandy]]\u000a| death_date = 6 March 1052 (aged 66\u201367)\u000a| death_place = [[Winchester]], [[Hampshire]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Old Minster, Winchester]]. Bones now in [[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a| religion =[[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature =\u000a
+p73
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = [[List of Swedish consorts|Queen consort of Sweden]], [[List of Danish consorts|Denmark]], [[List of Norwegian consorts|Norway]] and [[List of English consorts|England]]\u000a| title = [[Queen consort of Sweden]]<br />[[Queen consort of Denmark]] and [[Queen consort of England|England]]\u000a| image = Sigrid and olaf.jpg\u000a| caption = [[Olaf Tryggvason]] proposes marriage to Sigrid, imposing the condition that she must convert to Christianity. When Sigrid rejects this, Olaf strikes her with a glove. She warns him that this might lead to his death.<ref>[[Snorri Sturluson]] 1991:200\u20131.</ref></center>\u000a| spouse = [[Eric the Victorious|Erik Segersäll]]<br />[[Sweyn Forkbeard]]\u000a| issue = [[Olof Skötkonung]]<br />[[Cnut the Great]]<br />Gytha Svendsdatter<br />Gunnhild Svendsdatter<br />Santslaue<br />Thyra Svendsdatter<br />[[Estrid Svendsdatter]]\u000a| father = [[Mieszko I of Poland]] (historical) <br>[[Skagul Toste]] (legendary)\u000a| mother = [[Dobrawa of Bohemia]] (historical)\u000a| house = [[House of Piast]] <small>(by birth)</small><br>[[House of Munsö]] <small>(by marriage)</small><br> [[House of Knýtlinga]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a
+p74
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Ealdgyth\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 23 April 1016 - 30 November 1016\u000a| birth_date = c. 992\u000a| death_date = After 1016\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| spouse = [[Sigeferth (died 1015)|Sigeferth]] <br> [[Edmund Ironside|Edmund, King of England]]\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse(s)\u000a| issue = [[Edward the Exile]]<br>[[Edmund Ætheling]]\u000a
+p75
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Ælfgifu\u000a| title = [[Queen consort of England]], [[Queen consort of Denmark|Denmark]], and [[Queen consort of Norway|Norway]] <br> Queen regent of Norway\u000a| type = \u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| succession = Queen regent of Norway\u000a| reign = 1030-1035\u000a| reign-type = Reign\u000a| coronation = \u000a| cor-type = \u000a| predecessor =\u000a| pre-type = \u000a| regent = \u000a| reg-type = \u000a| successor = \u000a| suc-type = \u000a| spouse = [[Cnut the Great]]\u000a| consort = <!-- yes or no -->\u000a| issue = [[Sweyn Knutsson|Sweyn Knutsson, King of Norway]]\u000a[[Harold Harefoot|Harold Harefoot, King of England]]\u000a| full name = \u000a| house = [[House of Denmark]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Ælfhelm, Ealdorman of York]]\u000a| mother = \u000a| birth_date = c. 990\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = After 1040\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_place = \u000a| religion = \u000a
+p76
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Edith z Wessexu.gif\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 1045 \u2013 5 January 1066\u000a| birth_date = c. 1025\u000a| death_date = 18 December {{death year and age|1075|1025}}\u000a| house = [[House of Godwin]]\u000a| spouse = [[Edward the Confessor]]\u000a| mother = [[Gytha Thorkelsdóttir]] \u000a| father = [[Godwin, Earl of Wessex]]\u000a
+p77
+aVInfobox person\u000a| name =Edith the Fair\u000a| caption =Edith discovering the body of [[Harold Godwinson]]\u000a| image =Edith discovering the body of Harold.jpg\u000a| imgw = 170px\u000a| spouse = [[Harold Godwinson]]\u000a| children = Godwin<br />Edmund<br />Magnus<br />[[Gunhild of Wessex|Gunhild]]<br />[[Gytha of Wessex|Gytha]]\u000a| father =\u000a| mother =\u000a| birth_date = c. 1025\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = c. 1086\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial =\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a|
+p78
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Ealdgyth\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a|image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = January 1066 - 14 October 1066\u000a| spouse = [[Gruffudd ap Llywelyn]] <br> [[Harold Godwinson]]\u000a| issue = Maredudd ap Gruffydd<br>Idwal ap Gruffydd<br>Nesta ferch Gruffydd<br>Ulf of England<br>Harold of England \u000a| father = [[Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| mother = Ælfgifu\u000a
+p79
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image =Matilda-flanders sm.png\u000a| imgw =230\u000a|caption = A Victorian romantic artist's impression of Matilda from "Queens of England" \u2013 1894\u000a| succession =[[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| coronation =11 May 1068\u000a| cor-type =britain\u000a| coronation1 =\u000a| reign =25 December 1066 \u2013 2 November 1083\u000a| spouse =[[William I of England]]\u000a| issue =[[Robert Curthose|Robert II, Duke of Normandy]]<br />[[Richard of Normandy]]<br />[[Adeliza|Adeliza of Normandy]]<br>[[Cecilia of Normandy]]<br>[[William II of England]]<br />"Matilda, daughter of the King"<br>[[Constance of Normandy|Constance, Duchess of Brittany]]<br>[[Adela of Normandy|Adela, Countess of Blois]]<br>[[Henry I of England]]\u000a| house =[[House of Flanders]]\u000a| father =[[Baldwin V, Count of Flanders]]\u000a| mother =[[Adela of France, Countess of Flanders|Adela of France]]\u000a| birth_date =c. 1031\u000a| death_date =2 November 1083 (aged c. 51)\u000a| place of burial =l'[[Abbaye aux Dames]] [[Caen]], [[Normandy]]\u000a| religion =[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p80
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| image = Matylda zena.jpg\u000a| reign = 11 November 1100 \u2013 1 May 1118\u000a| coronation = 11 November 1100\u000a| spouse = [[Henry I of England]]\u000a| issue = [[Matilda of England|Matilda, Holy Roman Empress]]<br />[[William Adelin|William of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Dunkeld]]\u000a| father = [[Malcolm III of Scotland]]\u000a| mother = [[Saint Margaret of Scotland]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1080\u000a| birth_place = [[Dunfermline]], [[Scotland]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1118|5|1|1080|4|30|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Palace of Westminster|Westminster Palace]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a|
+p81
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Queen Adeliza.jpg\u000a| caption = Detail of a Shaftesbury manuscript, most likely depicting Adeliza\u000a| reign = 24 January 1121 \u2013 1 December 1135\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| coronation = 30 January 1121\u000a| spouse = [[Henry I of England]]<br />[[William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel]]\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = [[William d'Aubigny, 2nd Earl of Arundel]]\u000a| issue-link = #Second marriage\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[Leuven|House of Louvain]]\u000a| father = [[Godfrey I, Count of Louvain]]\u000a| mother = Ida of Namur<ref name=peerage102038>[http://thepeerage.com/p10204.htm#i102038 "Adeliza de Louvain"]. ''The Peerage''. 10 May 2012.</ref>\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1103\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1151|4|23|1103|4|22|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Affligem Abbey]], [[Landgraviate of Brabant|Brabant]]\u000a| place of burial = Affligem Abbey, Brabant\u000a|
+p82
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image =Matilda of Boulogne.jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 22 December 1135 \u2013 7 April 1141 <br>1 November 1141 \u2013 3 May 1152\u000a| coronation = 22 March 1136\u000a| succession1 = [[Countess of Boulogne]]\u000a| reign1 = 1125 \u2013 3 May 1152\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Eustace III, Count of Boulogne|Eustace III]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Eustace IV, Count of Boulogne|Eustace IV]]\u000a| spouse = [[Stephen, King of England]]\u000a| issue = [[Eustace IV, Count of Boulogne]]<br>[[Marie I, Countess of Boulogne]]<br>[[William I, Count of Boulogne]]\u000a| issue-link =#Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[Count of Boulogne|House of Boulogne]]\u000a| father = [[Eustace III, Count of Boulogne]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary of Scotland (1082\u20131116)|Mary of Scotland]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1105\u000a| birth_place = [[Boulogne-sur-Mer|Boulogne]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1152|5|3|df=yes}} (aged c. 46\u201347)\u000a| death_place = [[Hedingham Castle]], [[Essex]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Faversham Abbey]]\u000a|
+p83
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| name=Henry V\u000a| imgw = \u000a| image = Henry V edit.jpg\u000a| caption = Archbishop [[Ruthard of Mainz]] and Henry V\u000a| succession= [[Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| reign =1111\u20131125\u000a| predecessor= [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV]]\u000a| successor= [[Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor|Lothair III]]\u000a| succession1= [[King of Germany]]<br />(Formally [[King of the Romans]])\u000a| reign1 = 1099\u20131125\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor|Lothair III]]\u000a| succession2= [[King of Italy]]\u000a| reign2 = 1098\u20131125\u000a| predecessor2= [[Conrad II of Italy|Conrad II]]\u000a| successor2= [[Conrad III of Germany|Conrad III]]\u000a| spouse = [[Empress Matilda|Matilda of England]]<br />m. 1114; dec. 1125\u000a| father = [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| mother = [[Bertha of Savoy]]\u000a| house = [[Salian dynasty]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1086|8|11|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Goslar]], [[Saxony]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|df=yes|1125|5|23|1086|11|8}}\u000a| death_place = [[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]], [[Friesland]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Speyer Cathedral]]\u000a| religion =[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p84
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Geoffrey Plantagenet\u000a| title = Duke of the Normans<br />Count of Anjou, Maine and Mortain\u000a| image = Geoffrey of Anjou Monument.jpg\u000a| caption = Enamel effigy of Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou on his tomb at Le Mans. His decorated shield shows the early origins of the [[Royal Arms of England]].\u000a| succession = [[Count of Anjou]]\u000a| reign = 1129 \u2013 7 September 1151\u000a| predecessor = [[Fulk of Jerusalem|Fulk the Younger]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry II of England|Henry Curtmantle]]\u000a| spouse = [[Empress Matilda|Matilda of England]]\u000a| issue = [[Henry II of England|Henry II, King of England]]<br>[[Geoffrey, Count of Nantes]]<br>[[William FitzEmpress|William X, Count of Poitou]]\u000a| issue-link = #Children\u000a| issue-pipe = Illegitimate Children\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Fulk, King of Jerusalem]]\u000a| mother = [[Ermengarde, Countess of Maine]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1113|8|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1151|9|7|1113|8|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Château-du-Loir]], France\u000a| place of burial = [[Le Mans Cathedral]], [[Le Mans]]\u000a|
+p85
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| image = Church of Fontevraud Abbey Eleanor of Aquitaine effigy.jpg\u000a| caption = Eleanor's effigy at [[Fontevraud Abbey]].\u000a| succession = [[Duchess of Aquitaine]]\u000a| reign = 9 April 1137 \u2013 1 April 1204\u000a| predecessor = [[William X, Duke of Aquitaine]]\u000a| successor = [[John, King of England]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of French consorts|Queen consort of France]]\u000a| reign1 = 1 August 1137 \u2013 21 March 1152\u000a| reign-type1 = Tenure\u000a| resurrection = 25 December 1137\u000a| succession2 = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign2 = 25 October 1154 \u2013 6 July 1189\u000a| reign-type2 = Tenure\u000a| coronation2 = 19 December 1154\u000a| spouse = [[Louis VII of France|King Louis VII of France]]<br/> m. 1137; ann. 1152 <br/>[[Henry II of England|King Henry II of England]]<br/> m. 1152; dec. 1189\u000a| issue = [[Mary of France, Countess of Champagne]]<br/>[[Alix of France]]<br/>[[William IX, Count of Poitiers]]<br/>[[Henry the Young King]]<br/>[[Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony]]<br/>[[Richard I of England]]<br/>[[Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany]]<br/>[[Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile]]<br/>[[Joan of England, Queen of Sicily]]<br/>[[John, King of England]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| house = [[House of Poitiers]]\u000a| father = [[William X, Duke of Aquitaine]]\u000a| mother = [[Aenor de Châtellerault]]\u000a| birth_date = 1122 or 1124\u000a| birth_place = [[Poitiers]], [[Bordeaux]], or [[Nieul-sur-l'Autise]]\u000a| death_date = 1 April 1204 (aged [[circa|c.]] 81/82)\u000a| death_place = [[Poitiers]]\u000a| burial_date = \u000a| burial_place = [[Fontevraud Abbey]], [[Fontevraud]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p86
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Margaret of France\u000a| image = Margaret of France (1197).jpg\u000a| caption = Queen Margaret being given in marriage to the king of Hungary by her brother [[Philip II of France|Philip]]\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Junior Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 1170 \u2013 11 June 1183\u000a| coronation = 27 August 1172 ([[Westminster Abbey]])\u000a| succession1 = [[List of Hungarian consorts|Queen consort of Hungary]] and [[Croatia in the union with Hungary|Croatia]]\u000a| reign1 = 1186\u20131196\u000a| spouse = [[Henry the Young King]]<br />[[Béla III of Hungary]]\u000a| issue = William \u000a| house = [[House of Capet]]\u000a| father = [[Louis VII of France]]\u000a| mother = [[Constance of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = 1157\u000a| death_date = after 10 September 1197 (aged 40)\u000a| death_place = St John of [[Akko|Acre]]\u000a| place of burial = Cathedral of [[Tyre (Lebanon)|Tyre]]\u000a
+p87
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Abbaye de l'Epau -2.JPG\u000a| caption = Effigy of Berengaria in the chapter house of [[L'Épau Abbey]], [[Le Mans]] \u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts#House of Plantagenet, 1154\u20131485|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 12 May 1191 \u2013 6 April 1199\u000a| coronation=12 May 1191\u000a| spouse = [[Richard I of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Jiménez]]\u000a| father = [[Sancho VI of Navarre|Sancho VI, King of Navarre]]\u000a| mother = [[Sancha of Castile, Queen of Navarre]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1165\u20131170\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1230|12|23|df=yes}} (aged 59\u201365)\u000a|
+p88
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Isabella\u000a| title = [[suo jure]] '''[[Earl of Gloucester|Countess of Gloucester]]'''\u000a| spouse = [[John, King of England]]<br>[[Geoffrey FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, 2nd Earl of Essex]]<br>[[Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester]]\u000a| mother = Hawise de Beaumont\u000a| birth_date = [[circa]] 1173\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1217|10|14|df=yes}} (aged c. 43)\u000a| place of burial = [[Canterbury Cathedral]]\u000a
+p89
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name =Isabella of Angoulême\u000a| image =IsabelledAngouleme.jpg\u000a| imgw =210px\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts#House of Plantagenet, 1154\u20131485|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =24 August 1200 \u2013 19 October 1216\u000a| coronation =8 October 1200\u000a| succession1 = [[Count of Angoulême|Countess of Angoulême]]\u000a| reign1 = 16 June 1202 \u2013 4 June 1246\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Aymer of Angoulême|Aymer]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Hugh X of Lusignan|Hugh I]]\u000a| spouse =[[John, King of England]]<br />[[Hugh X of Lusignan]]\u000a| issue =[[Henry III of England|Henry III, King of England]]<br>[[Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall]]<br>[[Joan of England, Queen Consort of Scotland|Joan, Queen of Scots]]<br>[[Isabella of England|Isabella, Holy Roman Empress]]<br>[[Eleanor of Leicester|Eleanor, Countess of Pembroke]]<br>[[Hugh XI of Lusignan]]<br>[[Aymer de Valence (bishop)|Aymer de Valence]]<br>[[Alice de Lusignan, Countess of Surrey|Alice, Countess of Surrey]]<br>[[William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke|William, Earl of Pembroke]]<br>[[Isabella of Lusignan]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house =[[House of Taillefer]]\u000a| father =[[Aymer, Count of Angoulême]]\u000a| mother =[[Alice of Courtenay]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1188\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1246|06|04|df=yes}} (aged c. 57\u201358)\u000a| death_place = [[Fontevraud Abbey]], France\u000a| place of burial = Fontevraud Abbey\u000a
+p90
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type =majesty\u000a| consort =yes\u000a| image =Eleonor Provence.jpg\u000a| imgw =210px\u000a| succession =[[List of English consorts#House of Plantagenet, 1154\u20131485|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =14 January 1236 \u2013 16 November 1272\u000a| coronation =14 January 1236\u000a| spouse =[[Henry III of England]]\u000a| issue =[[Edward I of England]]<br> [[Margaret of England|Margaret, Queen of Scots]]<br>[[Beatrice of England]]<br>[[Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster|Edmund, Earl of Lancaster]]<br>[[Katherine of England]]\u000a| house =[[House of Barcelona]]\u000a| father =[[Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence]]\u000a| mother =[[Beatrice of Savoy]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1223\u000a| birth_place =[[Aix-en-Provence]]\u000a| date of christening =\u000a| place of christening =\u000a| death_date = 24/25 June 1291\u000a| death_place =[[Amesbury]]\u000a| date of burial =\u000a| place of burial =[[Amesbury Abbey|Abbey of St Mary and St Melor]] in [[Amesbury]]\u000a|
+p91
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image =Eleonora Eduard1.jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =16 November 1272 \u2013 28 November 1290\u000a| coronation =19 August 1274\u000a| succession1 =[[Count of Ponthieu|Countess of Ponthieu]] <small>(with [[Edward I of England|Edward I]])</small>\u000a| reign1 =1279\u20131290\u000a| reign-type1 =Reign\u000a| predecessor1 =[[Joan, Countess of Ponthieu|Joan]]\u000a| successor1 =[[Edward II of England|Edward II]]\u000a| spouse =[[Edward I of England]]\u000a| issue =[[Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar|Eleanor, Countess of Bar]]<br />[[Joan of Acre]]<br />[[Alphonso, Earl of Chester]]<br />[[Margaret of England, Duchess of Brabant|Margaret, Duchess of Brabant]]<br>[[Mary of Woodstock]]<br>[[Elizabeth of Rhuddlan]]<br />[[Edward II of England]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others\u000a| house = [[House of Ivrea]]\u000a| father =[[Ferdinand III of Castile]]\u000a| mother =[[Joan, Countess of Ponthieu]]\u000a| birth_date =[[birth date|1241]]\u000a| birth_place =[[Castile (historical region)|Castile]], Spain\u000a| death_date ={{Death date|1290|11|28|df=yes}} (aged 49)\u000a| death_place =[[Harby, Nottinghamshire]]\u000a| place of burial=[[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p92
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name =Margaret of France\u000a| image =Marguerite of france.jpg\u000a| imgw =200px\u000a| succession =[[Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =8 September 1299 \u2013 7 July 1307\u000a| spouse =[[Edward I of England]]\u000a| issue =[[Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk|Thomas, Earl of Norfolk]]<br />[[Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent|Edmund, Earl of Kent]]\u000a| issue-link =#Issue\u000a| issue-pipe =more...\u000a| father =[[Philip III of France]]\u000a| mother =[[Marie of Brabant, Queen of France|Maria of Brabant]]\u000a| house = [[House of Capet]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1279 \u000a| birth_place =[[Paris]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date|df=yes|1318|2|14}}\u000a| death_place =[[Marlborough Castle]], [[Wiltshire]]\u000a| place of burial=[[Christ Church Greyfriars]], [[Newgate]]\u000a
+p93
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Isabella of France.jpg\u000a| image_size = 180px\u000a| caption = A 15th-century depiction of Isabella\u000a| succession =[[Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 25 January 1308 \u2013 20 January 1327\u000a| coronation = 25 February 1308\u000a| spouse = [[Edward II of England]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward III of England]]<br />[[John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall]]<br />[[Eleanor of Woodstock|Eleanor, Countess of Guelders]]<br />[[Joan of the Tower|Joan, Queen of Scots]]\u000a| house = [[House of Capet]]\u000a| father = [[Philip IV of France]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan I of Navarre]]\u000a| birth_date = 1295\u000a| birth_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1358|8|22|df=yes}} (aged 62\u201363)\u000a| death_place = [[Castle Rising (castle)|Castle Rising]], [[Norfolk]], England<ref name="Alison Weir 1999 page 90">Weir 1999, pg. 90.</ref>\u000a| place of burial = [[Christ Church Greyfriars|Grey Friars' Church]] at Newgate\u000a|
+p94
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image =[[File:Philippa of Hainault-mini.gif|Philippa of Hainaut-mini]]\u000a| succession =[[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =24 January 1328 \u2013 15 August 1369\u000a| coronation =4 March 1330\u000a| spouse =[[Edward III of England]]\u000a| issue =[[Edward, the Black Prince]]<br>[[Isabella de Coucy|Isabella, Lady of Coucy]]<br>[[Joan of England (1334-1348)|Joan of England]]<br>[[Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence|Lionel, Duke of Clarence]]<br>[[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster|John, Duke of Lancaster]]<br>[[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York|Edmund, Duke of York]]<br>[[Mary of Waltham|Mary, Duchess of Brittany]]<br>[[Margaret, Countess of Pembroke]]<br>[[Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester|Thomas, Duke of Gloucester]]\u000a| issue-link =#Issue\u000a| issue-pipe =more...\u000a| house =[[House of Avesnes]]\u000a| father =[[William I, Count of Hainaut]]\u000a| mother =[[Joan of Valois (1294-1352)|Joan of Valois]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1314|6|24|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Valenciennes]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1369|8|15|1314|6|24|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Windsor Castle]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a|
+p95
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image =AnnaofLuxembourg.jpg\u000a| succession =[[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =20 January 1382 \u2013 7 June 1394\u000a| wedding =20 January 1382 [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a| coronation =22 January 1382\u000a| spouse =[[Richard II of England]]\u000a| house =[[House of Luxembourg]]\u000a| father =[[Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Pomerania]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1366|5|11|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Prague]], [[Kingdom of Bohemia]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1394|6|7|1366|5|11|df=y}}\u000a|death_place =[[Sheen Priory]], London, [[Kingdom of England]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a
+p96
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image =Marriage of Isabella and Richard II.jpg\u000a| succession =[[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =1 November 1396 \u2013 30 September 1399\u000a| coronation =8 January 1397\u000a| spouse =[[Richard II of England]]<br>[[Charles, Duke of Orléans]]\u000a| house =[[House of Valois]]\u000a| issue =[[Joan of Valois, Duchess of Alençon]]\u000a| father =[[Charles VI of France]]\u000a| mother =[[Isabella of Bavaria]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1389|11|9|df=y}}\u000a\u000a| birth_place =Paris, France\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1409|9|13|1389|11|9|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Blois]], Loir-et-Cher, France\u000a
+p97
+aVInfobox person\u000a| image = Psalter of Mary de Bohun and Henry Bolingbroke 1380-85 Abigail.jpg\u000a| caption = [[Psalter]] celebrating Mary's marriage\u000a| spouse = [[Henry IV of England|Henry ''Bolingbroke'']]\u000a| children= [[Henry V of England]]<br />[[Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence|Thomas ''of Lancaster'', 1st Duke of Clarence]]<br />[[John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford|John ''of Lancaster'', 1st Duke of Bedford]]<br />[[Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester|Humphrey, 1st Duke of Gloucester]]<br />[[Blanche of England|Blanche, Electress Palatine]]<br />[[Philippa of England|Philippa, Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden]]\u000a| titles= Countess of Northampton<br />Countess of Derby ''(by courtesy)''\u000a| parents = [[Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford]]<br>[[Joan Fitzalan]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1368\u000a| death_date = {{death date|1394|6|4|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Peterborough Castle]], [[Northamptonshire]]\u000a| burial = [[Church of St Mary de Castro, Leicester|Church of St Mary de Castro]], [[Leicester]]\u000a
+p98
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Joan of Navarre\u000a| image = Joana Canterbury.jpg\u000a| succession = Duchess consort of Brittany\u000a| reign = 2 October 1386 \u2013 1 November 1399\u000a| succession1 = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign1 = 7 February 1403 \u2013 20 March 1413\u000a| reign-type1 = Consort\u000a| coronation1 = 26 February 1403\u000a| spouse = [[John V, Duke of Brittany]]<br />m. 1386; dec. 1399<br />[[Henry IV of England]]<br />m. 1403; wid. 1413\u000a| issue = Joan of Brittany<br>[[John VI, Duke of Brittany]]<br />Marie, Lady of La Guerche<br>Margaret, Lady of Guillac<br>[[Arthur III, Duke of Brittany]]<br>Gilles of Brittany<br>[[Richard, Count of Étampes]]<br>Blanche, Countess of Armagnac\u000a| issue-link = #First Marriage and Children\u000a| issue-pipe = among others\u000a| house = [[House of Évreux]]\u000a| father = [[Charles II of Navarre]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan of Valois, Queen of Navarre|Joan of Valois]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1370\u000a| birth_place = [[Pamplona]], Navarre\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1437|6|10|df=yes}} (aged c. 66\u201367)\u000a| death_place = [[Havering-atte-Bower]], [[Greater London|London]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Canterbury Cathedral]], Kent\u000a
+p99
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Catherine of France.jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 2 June 1420 \u2013 31 August 1422\u000a| coronation = 23 February 1421\u000a| spouse = [[Henry V of England]]<br />[[Owen Tudor]]\u000a| issue = [[Henry VI of England]]<br />[[Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond|Edmund, Earl of Richmond]]<br />[[Jasper Tudor|Jasper, Duke of Bedford]]\u000a| issue-link = #Second marriage\u000a| issue-pipe = among others\u000a| house = [[House of Valois]]\u000a| father = [[Charles VI of France]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of Bavaria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1401|10|27|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = Paris, France\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1437|1|3|1401|10|27|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = London, England\u000a| resting_place = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a|
+p100
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort = yes\u000a|image = MargaretAnjou.jpg\u000a|caption = Margaret of Anjou receiving the ''Book of Romances''. From an [[illuminated manuscript]] by the Talbot Master\u000a|succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a|reign = 23 April 1445 \u2013 4 March 1461<br>30 October 1470 \u2013 11 April 1471\u000a|coronation = 30 May 1445 [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a|spouse = [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI, King of England]]\u000a|issue = [[Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales|Edward, Prince of Wales]]\u000a|house = [[House of Valois-Anjou]]\u000a|father = [[René of Anjou|René, King of Naples]]\u000a|mother = [[Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine]]\u000a|birth_date = 23 March 1430\u000a|birth_place = [[Pont-à-Mousson]], [[Duchy of Lorraine|Lorraine]]\u000a|death_date = {{Death date and age|1482|8|25|1430|3|23|df=y}}\u000a|death_place = [[Anjou]], France\u000a|place of burial = [[Angers Cathedral]], Anjou\u000a
+p101
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = ElizabethWoodville.JPG\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 1 May 1464 \u2013 3 October 1470\u000a| coronation = 26 May 1465\u000a| succession1 = Queen consort of England\u000a| reign1 = 11 April 1471 \u2013 9 April 1483\u000a| spouse = [[John Grey of Groby|Sir John Grey]]<br />m. c. 1452; dec. 1461<br />[[Edward IV of England]]<br />m. 1464; dec. 1483\u000a| issue = [[Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset|Thomas Grey, Marquess of Dorset]]<br />[[Richard Grey]]<br />[[Elizabeth of York|Elizabeth, Queen of England]]<br />[[Mary of York]]<br />[[Cecily of York|Cecily, Viscountess Welles]]<br />[[Edward V of England|Edward V, King of England]]<br />[[Margaret of York (1472)|Margaret of York]]<br />[[Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York|Richard, Duke of York]]<br />[[Anne of York (daughter of Edward IV)|Anne of York]]<br />[[George Plantagenet, Duke of Bedford|George, Duke of Bedford]]<br />[[Catherine of York|Catherine, Countess of Devon]]<br />[[Bridget of York]]\u000a| father = [[Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers]]\u000a| mother = [[Jacquetta of Luxembourg]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1437\u000a| birth_place = [[Grafton Regis]], Northamptonshire\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1492|6|8|df=yes}} (aged 55)\u000a| death_place = [[Bermondsey]], [[Greater London|London]]\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St. George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p102
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = File:Anne Neville portrait.jpg\u000a| imgw = \u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 26 June 1483 – 16 March 1485\u000a| coronation = 6 July 1483\u000a| spouse = [[Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales]]<br />[[Richard III of England]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| father = [[Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne de Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick|Lady Anne de Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1456|6|11|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Warwick Castle]], [[Warwickshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1485|3|16|1456|6|11|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Westminster]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a
+p103
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Elizabeth_of_York_from_Kings_and_Queens_of_England.jpg\u000a| caption = A portrait of Elizabeth is thought to be the basis for the queen's picture found in a [[deck of cards]].{{citation needed|date=July 2012}}\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 18 January 1486 \u2013 11 February 1503\u000a| coronation = 25 November 1487\u000a| spouse = [[Henry VII of England]]\u000a| issue = [[Arthur, Prince of Wales]]<br />[[Margaret Tudor|Margaret, Queen of Scots]]<br>[[Henry VIII of England]]<br>[[Elizabeth Tudor (1492\u20131495)|Elizabeth Tudor]]<br>[[Mary Tudor, Queen of France|Mary, Queen of France]]<br>[[Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset|Edmund, Duke of Somerset]]<br>[[Katherine Tudor (1503)|Katherine Tudor]]\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1466|2|11|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Westminster Palace]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1503|2|11|1466|2|11|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Richmond Palace]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Henry VII's Chapel]], [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a
+p104
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort =yes\u000a| image =Catherine aragon.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[Lucas Hornebolte]]\u000a| succession =[[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =11 June 1509 \u2013 23 May 1533\u000a| coronation =24 June 1509\u000a| spouse =[[Arthur, Prince of Wales]]<br />m. 1501; dec. 1502<br />[[Henry VIII of England]]<br />m. 1509; ann. 1533\u000a| issue =[[Henry, Duke of Cornwall]]<br/>[[Mary I of England]]\u000a| issue-link =#Pregnancies and children\u000a| issue-pipe =among others...\u000a| house =[[House of Trastámara]]\u000a| father =[[Ferdinand II of Aragon]]\u000a| mother =[[Isabella I of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date =16 December 1485\u000a| birth_place =Archbishop's Palace, [[Alcalá de Henares]], Spain\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1536|1|7|1485|12|16|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Kimbolton Castle]], [[Cambridgeshire]], England\u000a| burial_place =[[Peterborough Cathedral]]\u000a| religion =[[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature =Catherine of Aragon Signature.svg\u000a
+p105
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort= yes\u000a|image=Anneboleyn2.jpg\u000a|name = Anne Boleyn\u000a|caption=Copy of a portrait painted c. 1534\u000a|succession=[[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a|reign=28 May 1533 \u2013 17 May 1536\u000a|coronation=1 June 1533\u000a|spouse=[[Henry VIII of England]]\u000a|issue-link=#Issue\u000a|issue-pipe=among others...\u000a|issue=[[Elizabeth I of England]]\u000a|father=[[Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire]]\u000a|mother=[[Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire|Lady Elizabeth Howard]]\u000a|birth_date={{Tooltip|c.|circa}} 1501/07<ref name="ReferenceA">Earlier historians considered 1507 to be the accepted date but in 1981, the art historian Hugh Paget successfully demonstrated that a letter Anne had written in 1513 from Brussels when she was a maid of honour in that court, a position which was only open to a 12- or 13-year-old, was not the hand of a six-year-old. [Ives \u2013 Life & Death of Anne Boleyn]</ref>|birth_place=[[Blickling Hall]], Norfolk or [[Hever Castle]], Kent\u000a|death_date={{Death date|1536|5|19|df=yes}} (aged 28\u201335)\u000a|death_place=[[Tower of London]], London\u000a|religion=[[Anglicanism|Anglican]], formerly [[Roman Catholic]]<ref>Ives, page 230</ref>\u000a|signature=Anne Boleyn Signature.svg\u000a
+p106
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Hans Holbein the Younger - Jane Seymour, Queen of England - Google Art Project.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[Hans Holbein]], [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]]\u000a| succession =[[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign =30 May 1536 \u2013 24 October 1537\u000a| coronation =4 June 1536\u000a| cor-type = Proclamation\u000a| spouse =[[Henry VIII of England]]\u000a| issue =[[Edward VI of England]]\u000a| house = [[Seymour family]]\u000a| father =[[Sir John Seymour (1474-1536)|John Seymour]]\u000a| mother =[[Margery Wentworth]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1508\u000a| death_date = 24 October 1537 (aged 28\u201329)\u000a| death_place =[[Hampton Court Palace]]\u000a| signature =Jane Seynour Signature.svg\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p107
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Anne of Cleves\u000a| image = Anne of Cleves, by Hans Holbein the Younger.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Hans Holbein the Younger]], c. 1539. [[Oil Painting|Oil]] and [[Tempera]] on [[Parchment]] mounted on canvas, [[Musée du Louvre]], Paris.\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 6 January 1540 – 9 July 1540\u000a| spouse = [[Henry VIII of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of La Marck]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]], then [[Anglican Church|Anglican]], and finally [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]\u000a| father = [[John III, Duke of Cleves]]\u000a| mother = [[Maria of Jülich-Berg]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1515|9|22|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Düsseldorf]], [[Berg (state)|Duchy of Berg]], <br>[[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1557|7|16|1515|9|22|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Chelsea Manor]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| signature = Anne of Cleves Signature.svg\u000a
+p108
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = HowardCatherine02.jpeg\u000a| caption = [[Portrait miniature]] by [[Hans Holbein the Younger]] <ref>The portrait, believed to be Catherine Howard, has been persuasively identified through the jewels on her dress, which match those in her inventory.</ref>\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 28 July 1540 \u2013 23 November 1541\u000a| spouse = [[Henry VIII of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Howard]]\u000a| father = [[Lord Edmund Howard]]\u000a| mother = [[Joyce Culpeper]]\u000a| birth_date = [[Circa|c]]. 1523\u000a| birth_place = [[Lambeth]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1542|2|13|df=yes}} (aged [[Circa|c.]] 19)\u000a| death_place = [[Tower of London]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]\u000a| signature = Catherine Howard Signature.svg\u000a
+p109
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Catherine Parr from NPG.jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]] and [[List of Irish consorts|Ireland]]\u000a| reign = 12 July 1543 \u2013 28 January 1547\u000a| spouses = [[Sir Edward Burgh]]<br>[[John Nevill, 3rd Baron Latimer]]<br>[[Henry VIII of England]]<br>[[Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley]]\u000a| issue = [[Mary Seymour]]\u000a| father = [[Sir Thomas Parr]]\u000a| mother = [[Maud Green, Lady Parr|Maud Green]]\u000a| birth_date = 1512\u000a| birth_place = [[Blackfriars, London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1548|9|5|df=y}} (age 36)\u000a| death_place = [[Sudeley Castle]], [[Gloucestershire, England|Gloucestershire]], England\u000a| signature = Catherine Parr Signature.svg\u000a|
+p110
+aVInfobox person\u000a| honorific_prefix =\u000a| name =Lord Guildford Dudley\u000a| image =\u000a| alt =\u000a| caption =\u000a| birth_name =\u000a| birth_date =c. 1535\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =12 February 1554\u000a| death_place =[[Tower Hill]], [[London]]\u000a| death_cause =[[Decapitation]]\u000a| body_discovered =\u000a| resting_place =[[Church of St Peter ad Vincula|St Peter ad Vincula, London]]\u000a| spouse =[[Lady Jane Grey]]\u000a| parents = [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland]]<br>[[Jane Dudley, Duchess of Northumberland|Jane Guildford]]\u000a|
+p111
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Philip II of Spain\u000a| image =[[File:Portrait of Philip II of Spain by Sofonisba Anguissola - 002b.jpg|235px]]\u000a| caption = \u000a| succession2 = [[List of monarchs of Naples|King of Naples]]\u000a| reign2 = 25 July 1554 \u2013 <br/>13 September 1598\u000a| predecessor2 = [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles IV]]\u000a| successor2 = [[Philip III of Spain|Philip II]]\u000a| succession3= [[List of English monarchs|King of England and Ireland]] <br/> {{small|''([[Jure uxoris]])''}}\u000a| reign3 =25 July 1554 \u2013 <br/>17 November 1558\u000a| predecessor3 = [[Mary I of England|Mary I]]\u000a| successor3 = [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth I]]\u000a| reg-type3 = Co-monarch\u000a| regent3 = [[Mary I of England|Mary I]]\u000a| succession = [[King of Spain]]\u000a| reign = 16 January 1556 \u2013 <br/>13 September 1598\u000a| predecessor = [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles I]]\u000a| successor = [[Philip III of Spain|Philip III]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of monarchs of Portugal#House of Habsburg (1581\u20131640)|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]\u000a| reign1 = 17 April 1581 \u2013 <br/>13 September 1598\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Henry, King of Portugal|Henry]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Philip III of Spain|Philip II]]\u000a| spouse = [[Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal]]<br />[[Mary I of England]]<br />[[Elisabeth of Valois|Princess Elisabeth of Valois]]<br />[[Anna of Austria, Queen of Spain|Archduchess Anna of Austria]]\u000a| issue = [[Carlos, Prince of Asturias]]<br />[[Isabella Clara Eugenia|Isabela Clara Eugenia, Duchess of Brabant]]<br />[[Catherine Michelle of Spain|Catherine Michelle, Duchess of Savoy]]<br />[[Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias]]<br />[[Diego, Prince of Asturias]]<br />[[Philip III of Spain]]\u000a| issue-pipe = more\u000a| issue-link = #Family\u000a| house = [[House of Habsburg]]\u000a| father = [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of Portugal]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1527|5|21|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Valladolid]], Spain\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1598|9|13|1527|5|21}}\u000a| death_place = [[El Escorial]], Spain\u000a| place of burial =[[El Escorial]]\u000a|religion=[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|signature =Firma del Rey Felipe II.svg\u000a
+p112
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| image = Anne of Denmark in mourning.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait attributed to [[Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger]], ''c.'' 1612\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scots]]\u000a| coronation = 17 May 1590\u000a| reign = 20 August 1589 \u2013 2 March 1619\u000a| succession1 = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]] and [[King of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| coronation1 = 25 July 1603\u000a| reign1 =24 March 1603 \u2013 2 March 1619\u000a| spouse = [[James I of England|James VI & I]]<br />m. 1589; died 1619\u000a| issue = {{plainlist|\u000a* [[Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a* [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia]]\u000a* [[Princess Margaret of Scotland (1598\u20131600)|Margaret Stuart]]\u000a* [[Charles I of England]]\u000a* [[Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre|Robert, Duke of Kintyre]]\u000a* [[Princess Mary of England (1605\u20131607)|Mary Stuart]]\u000a* [[Princess Sophia of England|Sophia Stuart]]}}\u000a| issue-link = #Children\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Oldenburg]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick II of Denmark]]\u000a| mother = [[Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow]]\u000a| birth_date = 12 December 1574\u000a| birth_name = Anna\u000a| birth_place = Skanderborg Castle, [[Skanderborg]], Denmark\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1619|3|2|1574|12|12|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Hampton Court Palace]]\u000a| date of burial = 13 May 1619\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a
+p113
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a | consort = yes\u000a | image = HenriettaMariaofFrance02.jpg\u000a | succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]], [[List of Scottish consorts|Scotland]] and [[List of Irish consorts|Ireland]]\u000a | caption = Portrait by [[Anthony van Dyck]]\u000a | reign = 13 June 1625 \u2013 30 January 1649\u000a | spouse = [[Charles I of England|Charles I, King of England]]\u000a | issue = [[Charles II of England|Charles II, King of England]]<br />[[Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange|Mary, Princess of Orange]]<br />[[James II of England|James II, King of England]]<br />[[Elizabeth of England (1635\u20131650)|Elizabeth of England]]<br/>[[Anne of England (1637\u20131640)|Anne of England]]<br />Catherine of England<br>[[Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester|Henry, Duke of Gloucester]]<br />[[Princess Henrietta of England|Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans]]\u000a | issue-link = #Issue\u000a | issue-pipe = more...\u000a | house = [[House of Bourbon]]\u000a | father = [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV, King of France]]\u000a | mother = [[Marie de' Medici]]\u000a | birth_date = {{Birth date|1609|11|25|df=yes}}\u000a | birth_place = [[Louvre|Palais du Louvre]], Paris, France\u000a | death_date = {{Death date and age|1669|9|10|1609|11|15|df=yes}}\u000a | death_place = Château de Colombes, [[Colombes]], France\u000a | date of burial = 13 September 1669\u000a | place of burial = [[Basilica of St Denis|Royal Basilica of Saint Denis]]\u000a | religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a | signature = French signature of Henriette Marie of France in 1626 to Cardinal Richelieu.jpg\u000a
+p114
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = [[File:Catherine of Braganza - Lely 1663-65.jpg|240px]]\u000a| caption = Queen Catherine in 1663, by [[Sir Peter Lely]]\u000a| succession = {{nowrap|[[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]], [[List of Scottish consorts|Scotland]] and [[List of Irish queens and consorts|Ireland]]}}\u000a| reign =23 April 1662 \u2013 6 February 1685\u000a| spouse = [[Charles II of England]]\u000a| house =[[House of Braganza]]\u000a| father = [[John IV of Portugal]]\u000a| mother = [[Luisa of Guzman]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1638|11|25|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa|Palace of Vila Viçosa]], [[Alentejo]], [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1705|12|31|1638|11|25|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Bemposta Palace]], [[Lisbon]], [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]]\u000a| burial_place= [[Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza|Pantheon of the Braganzas]]\u000a| religion= [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p115
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Anne Hyde\u000a| title = [[Duke of York|Duchess of York]] and [[Duke of Albany|of Albany]]\u000a| image = Anne Hyde by Sir Peter Lely.JPG\u000a| caption = c. 1665 portrait by [[Peter Lely|Sir Peter Lely]]. "Anne\u2019s teasing playing of her hair is deliberately suggestive of a royal consort\u2019s prime role \u2013 breeding \u2013 but also a reminder of her great wit."<ref>[http://www.historicalportraits.com/Gallery.asp?Page=Item&ItemID=1082&Desc=Duchess-of-York-%7C-Sir-Peter-Lely Portrait of the Duchess of York]. historicalportraits.com. Philip Mould Ltd.</ref>\u000a| spouse = [[James II of England|James, Duke of York and of Albany]]\u000a| issue = [[Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (1660\u20131661)|Charles, Duke of Cambridge]]<br>[[Mary II of England|Mary II, Queen of England]]<br>[[James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge|James, Duke of Cambridge]]<br> [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain]]<br>[[Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal|Charles, Duke of Kendal]]<br>[[Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge|Edgar, Duke of Cambridge]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon]]\u000a| mother = [[Frances Hyde, Countess of Clarendon|Frances Aylesbury]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1637|3|12|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1671|3|31|1637|3|22|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[London, England|London]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism]] (later [[Roman Catholicism]])\u000a
+p116
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Mary of Modena Pietersz.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Simon Pietersz Verelst]], 1680\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]], [[List of Scottish consorts|Scotland]] and [[List of Irish consorts|Ireland]]\u000a| reign = 6 February 1685 \u2013 11 December 1688\u000a| coronation = 23 April 1685\u000a| spouse = [[James II of England]]\u000a| issue = [[Isabel Stuart]]<br />[[Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (born 1677)|Charles, Duke of Cambridge]]<br>[[James Francis Edward Stuart]]<br />[[Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others\u000a| house = [[House of Este]]\u000a| full name = {{lang-it|Maria Beatrice Anna Margherita Isabella d'Este}}\u000a| father = [[Alfonso IV d'Este|Alfonso IV, Duke of Modena]]\u000a| mother = [[Laura Martinozzi]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1658|10|5|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Ducal Palace of Modena|Ducal Palace]], [[Modena]], [[Duchy of Modena|Modena]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1718|5|7|1658|10|5|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye]], [[Paris]], [[Early Modern France|France]]\u000a| place of burial = Convent of the Visitations, [[Chaillot]], France\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p117
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince George\u000a| title = [[Duke of Cumberland]]\u000a| image = George, Prince of Denmark by Michael Dahl.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Michael Dahl]], ''c.'' 1705\u000a| spouse = [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain]]\u000a| issue = [[Prince William, Duke of Gloucester]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Oldenburg]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick III of Denmark|Frederick III, King of Denmark]]\u000a| mother = [[Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1653|4|2|df=yes}}{{efn|name=birth|The date is occasionally given as 29 February, 21 April or 11 November 1653, but 2 April is the date on his coffin plate.<ref name="weir267">Weir, p. 267</ref>}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Copenhagen Castle]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1708|10|28|1653|4|2|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Kensington Palace]], [[London]], [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]]\u000a| date of burial = 13 November 1708\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]], [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheran Church|Lutheran]]\u000a
+p118
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title =Electoral Princess of Hanover\u000a| image =Sophie Dorothea Prinzessin von Ahlden.jpg\u000a| imgw =200\u000a| caption =Sophie-Dorothea with her children\u000a| spouse =[[George I of Great Britain|George I, King of Great Britain]]<br />m. 1682; div. 1694\u000a| issue =[[George II of Great Britain|George II, King of Great Britain]]<br />[[Sophia Dorothea of Hanover|Sophia, Queen in Prussia]]\u000a| house =[[House of Welf]]\u000a| father =[[George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| mother =[[Eleonore Desmier d'Olbreuse]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1666|9|15|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Celle]], [[Germany]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1726|11|13|1666|9|15|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Ahlden]], Germany\u000a|
+p119
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| image =Caroline Wilhelmina of Brandenburg-Ansbach by Jacopo Amigoni.jpg\u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[Jacopo Amigoni]], painted in 1735\u000a| succession =[[List of British consorts|Queen consort of Great Britain]] and [[List of Irish consorts|Ireland]]\u000a| reign =11 June 1727 \u2013 20 November 1737\u000a| coronation =11 October 1727<ref name=dates>Over the course of Caroline's life, two calendars were used: the [[Old Style and New Style dates|Old Style]] [[Julian calendar]] and the [[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]] [[Gregorian calendar]]. Hanover switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 19 February (Old Style) / 1 March (New Style) 1700. Great Britain switched on 3/14 September 1752, after Caroline's death. Unless otherwise indicated, dates before September 1752 are Old Style. All dates after September 1752 are New Style. All years are assumed to start from 1 January and not 25 March, which was the English New Year.</ref>\u000a| spouse =[[George II of Great Britain]]\u000a| issue =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]<br />[[Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange|Anne, Princess of Orange]]<br />[[Princess Amelia of Great Britain|Princess Amelia]]<br />[[Princess Caroline of Great Britain|Princess Caroline]]<br />[[Prince George William of Great Britain|Prince George William]]<br />[[Prince William, Duke of Cumberland|William, Duke of Cumberland]]<br />[[Princess Mary of Great Britain|Mary, Landgravine of Hesse]]<br />[[Louise of Great Britain|Louise, Queen of Denmark]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hohenzollern]]\u000a| full name =Wilhelmina Charlotte Caroline<br />{{lang-de|Wilhelmine Charlotte Karoline}}\u000a| father =[[John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1683|3|1|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Ansbach]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1737|11|20|1683|3|1|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[St. James's Palace]], [[London]], [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]]\u000a| date of burial =17 December 1737\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a|
+p120
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Queen Charlotte by studio of Allan Ramsay.jpg\u000a| caption = Queen Charlotte in state robes by [[Allan Ramsay (artist)|Allan Ramsay]], 1762\u000a| succession = [[List of British consorts|Queen consort of Great Britain]] and [[List of Irish consorts|Ireland]], ''later'' of the United Kingdom and Hanover\u000a| reign = 8 September 1761 \u2013 17 November 1818\u000a| coronation = 22 September 1761\u000a| spouse = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a|issue=[[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]]<br />[[Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany|Frederick]]<br />[[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]<br />[[Charlotte, Princess Royal|Charlotte]]<br />[[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn|Edward]]<br />[[Princess Augusta Sophia of the United Kingdom|Augusta Sophia]]<br />[[Princess Elizabeth of the United Kingdom|Elizabeth]]<br />[[Ernest Augustus I of Hanover|Ernest Augustus I]]<br />[[Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex|Augustus Frederick]]<br />[[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge|Adolphus]]<br />[[Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Mary]]<br />[[Princess Sophia of the United Kingdom|Sophia]]<br />[[Prince Octavius of Great Britain|Octavius]]<br />[[Prince Alfred of Great Britain|Alfred]]<br />[[Princess Amelia of the United Kingdom|Amelia]]\u000a| house = [[House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| full name = Sophia Charlotte\u000a| father = [[Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg, Prince of Mirow]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Elizabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1744|5|19|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = Untere Schloss, [[Mirow]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1818|11|17|1744|5|19|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kew Palace]], [[Kew]], [[England]]\u000a| date of burial = 2 December 1818\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], England\u000a
+p121
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| image = QueenCaroline1820.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait c. 1820 by [[James Lonsdale (painter)|James Lonsdale]], "Principal Painter in Ordinary to the Queen". Her wedding ring is displayed prominently to emphasise fidelity to [[marriage vows]].\u000a| succession = [[List of British consorts|Queen consort of the United Kingdom]]<br>and of Hanover\u000a| reign = 29 January 1820 \u2013 7 August 1821\u000a| reign-type = Tenure\u000a| spouse = [[George IV of the United Kingdom]]\u000a| issue = [[Princess Charlotte of Wales]]\u000a| house = [[House of Brunswick-Bevern]]\u000a| full name = Caroline Amalie Elisabeth\u000a| father = [[Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Augusta of Great Britain]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1768|5|17}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Braunschweig|Brunswick]], [[Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1821|8|7|1768|5|17}}\u000a| death_place = London, England\u000a| place of burial = [[Brunswick Cathedral]]\u000a
+p122
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Adelaide Amelia Louisa Theresa Caroline of Saxe-Coburg Meiningen by Sir William Beechey.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by Sir [[William Beechey]], c.1831\u000a| succession = [[List of British consorts|Queen consort of the United Kingdom]] <br /> and [[List of Hanoverian consorts|Hanover]]\u000a| reign = 26 June 1830 \u2013 20 June 1837\u000a| coronation = 8 September 1831\u000a| spouse = [[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]\u000a| issue = [[Princess Charlotte of Clarence]]<br />[[Princess Elizabeth of Clarence]]\u000a| full name = Adelaide Amelia Louise Theresa Caroline<br />''German: Adelheid Amalie Luise Therese Caroline''\u000a| house = [[Saxe-Meiningen|House of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| father = [[George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| mother = [[Luise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1792|8|13|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Meiningen]], [[Thuringia]], [[Germany]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1849|12|2|1792|8|13|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[RAF Bentley Priory|Bentley Priory]], [[Middlesex]]\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| signature = Signature of Queen Adelaide of the United Kingdom and Hanover in 1837.jpg\u000a
+p123
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name = Prince Albert\u000a| image = [[File:Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha by Franz Xaver Winterhalter.jpg|230px]]\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Franz Xaver Winterhalter|Winterhalter]], 1859\u000a| succession = [[List of British consorts|Prince consort of the United Kingdom]]\u000a| reign = {{Nowrap|10 February 1840 \u2013 14 December 1861}}\u000a| spouse = [[Queen Victoria|Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom]]\u000a| issue =\u000a {{plainlist|\u000a* [[Victoria, Princess Royal|Victoria, Princess Royal and German Empress]]\u000a* [[Edward VII|Edward VII of the United Kingdom]]\u000a* [[Princess Alice of the United Kingdom|Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine]]\u000a* [[Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a* [[Princess Helena of the United Kingdom|Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein]]\u000a* [[Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll]]\u000a* [[Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught|Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]]\u000a* [[Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany]]\u000a* [[Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom|Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg]]\u000a }}\u000a| full name = Francis Albert Augustus Charles Emmanuel<br>{{lang-de|link=no|Franz Albrecht August Karl Emanuel}}\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father = [[Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1800\u20131831)|Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1819|8|26|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Schloss Rosenau, Coburg|Schloss Rosenau]], [[Coburg]], [[Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]], [[German Confederation]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1861|12|14|1819|8|26|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]]\u000a| date of burial = 23 December 1861; 18 December 1862\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]; [[Frogmore]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a
+p124
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = {{plainlist|\u000a* [[List of British consorts|Queen consort of the United Kingdom]] and the [[British Dominions]]\u000a* [[Emperor of India|Empress consort of India]]}}\u000a| reign =22 January 1901 \u2013 6 May 1910\u000a| coronation =9 August 1902\u000a| cor-type = [[Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra|Coronation]]\u000a| image =Queen Alexandra, the Princess of Wales.jpg\u000a| caption =Photograph by [[Alexander Bassano]], 1881\u000a| spouse =[[Edward VII]]\u000a| issue ={{plainlist|\u000a* [[Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale]]\u000a* [[George V]]\u000a* [[Louise, Princess Royal]]\u000a* [[Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom|Princess Victoria]]\u000a* [[Maud of Wales|Maud, Queen of Norway]]\u000a* Prince Alexander John of Wales}}\u000a| full name =Alexandra Caroline Marie Charlotte Louise Julia\u000a| house =[[House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]]\u000a| father =[[Christian IX of Denmark]]\u000a| mother =[[Louise of Hesse-Kassel]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|df=yes|1844|12|1}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Yellow Palace, Copenhagen]], Denmark\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|df=yes|1925|11|20|1844|12|1}}\u000a| death_place =[[Sandringham House]], [[Norfolk]]\u000a| date of burial =28 November 1925\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a
+p125
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Queenmaryformalportrait edit3.jpg\u000a| alt = Mary in tiara and gown wearing a choker necklace and a string of pearls\u000a| succession = [[List of British consorts|Queen consort of the United Kingdom]] and the [[British Dominions]], [[Emperor of India|Empress consort of India]]\u000a| reign =6 May 1910 \u2013 20 January 1936\u000a| coronation =22 June 1911\u000a| spouse =[[George V]]\u000a| issue =[[Edward VIII]]<br />[[George VI]]<br />[[Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood|Mary, Princess Royal]]<br />[[Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester]]<br />[[Prince George, Duke of Kent]]<br />[[Prince John of the United Kingdom|Prince John]]\u000a| full name =Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes\u000a| house =[[House of Württemberg]]\u000a| father =[[Francis, Duke of Teck]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1867|5|26|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Kensington Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1953|3|24|1867|5|26|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Marlborough House]], London\u000a| date of burial =31 March 1953\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a
+p126
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Wallis Simpson\u000a| title = Duchess of Windsor\u000a| image = Wallis Simpson -1936.JPG\u000a| caption = Wallis Simpson in 1936\u000a| spouse = [[Earl Winfield Spencer, Jr.]] (m. 1916; div. 1927)<br />[[Ernest Aldrich Simpson]] (m. 1928; div. 1937)<br />[[Edward VIII|Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor]] (m. 1937; d. 1972)\u000a| father = Teackle Wallis Warfield\u000a| mother = Alice Montague\u000a| birth_name = Bessie Wallis Warfield\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1896|6|19|df=y}}<ref name="birth">According to 1900 census returns, she was born in June 1895, which author [[Charles Higham (biographer)|Charles Higham]] says was before her parents' marriage (Higham, p. 4). Author [[Greg King (author)|Greg King]], noted that, though Higham's "scandalous assertion of illegitimacy enlivens the telling of the Duchess's life", "the evidence to support it is slim indeed", and that it "strains credulity" (King, p. 11).</ref>\u000a| birth_place = [[Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1986|4|24|1896|6|19|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]\u000a| burial_date = 29 April 1986\u000a| burial_place = [[Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| signature = Wallis Simpson signature 1963.svg\u000a|
+p127
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon\u000a| title = [[British queens mother|The Queen Mother]]\u000a| image = Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother portrait.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Richard Stone (painter)|Richard Stone]], 1986\u000a| succession = [[List of British consorts|Queen consort of the United Kingdom]]<br />and the [[Dominion|British Dominions]]\u000a| reign = 11 December 1936 \u2013<br />6 February 1952\u000a| coronation = 12 May 1937\u000a| succession1 = [[Emperor of India|Empress consort of India]]\u000a| reign1 = 11 December 1936 \u2013<br />14 August 1947\u000a| spouse = [[George VI]]\u000a| issue = [[Elizabeth II]]<br />[[Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon]]\u000a| full name = Elizabeth Angela Marguerite Bowes-Lyon{{efn|name=hyphen|The hyphenated version of the surname was used in official documents at the time of her marriage, but the family itself tends to omit the hyphen.<ref>Shawcross, p. 8</ref>}}\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]] {{small|(by marriage)}}\u000a| father = [[Claude Bowes-Lyon, 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne]]\u000a| mother = [[Cecilia Bowes-Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne|Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1900|8|4|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[London]] or [[Hitchin]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|2002|3|30|1900|8|4|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Royal Lodge]], [[Windsor, Berkshire]]\u000a| date of burial = 9 April 2002\u000a| place of burial = [[St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a
+p128
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Robert "The Magnificent"\u000a| image = Robert magnificent statue in falaise.JPG\u000a| caption = Robert the Magnificent as part of the Six Dukes of Normandy statue in the town square of Falaise.\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| reign = 1027\u20131035\u000a| predecessor = [[Richard III, Duke of Normandy|Richard III]]\u000a| successor = [[William the Conqueror|William II]]\u000a| spouse =\u000a| issue = [[William the Conqueror|William I "the Conqueror" of England]] (illegitimate)<br /> [[Adelaide of Normandy]] (illegitimate)\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy]]\u000a| father = [[Richard II, Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| mother = [[Judith of Brittany]]\u000a| birth_date = 22 June 1000\u000a| birth_place = [[Normandy]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date = 3 July 1035 (aged 35)\u000a| death_place = [[Nicaea]]\u000a| place of burial =\u000a
+p129
+aS'None'
+p130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Stephen II of Blois\u000a| image = StepanBlois 1089.jpg\u000a| caption = Seal of Stephen II \u000a| noble family = [[House of Blois]]\u000a| father = [[Theobald III, Count of Blois]]\u000a| mother = Garsinde du Maine\u000a| spouse = [[Adela of Normandy]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa|1045}}\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{death date|1102|5|19|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a
+p131
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession= [[Countess of Blois]]\u000a| image = Adela.jpg\u000a| reign = 1089 \u2013 19 May 1102\u000a| spouse = [[Stephen II, Count of Blois]]\u000a| issue = [[William, Count of Sully]]<br />Odo of Blois<br>[[Theobald II, Count of Champagne]]<br />[[Milo II of Montlhéry|Adela]]<br />[[Stephen, King of England]]<br>[[Lucia-Mahaut|Lucia-Mahaut, Countess of Chester]]<br>Philip of Blois, [[Bishop of Châlons-sur-Marne]]<br />Agnes de Puiset<br />Alix of Joigni<br>[[Henry of Blois|Henry, Bishop of Winchester]]<br>[[Eléonore of Blois|Eleanor, Countess of Vermandois]]\u000a| house = [[Norman dynasty]]\u000a| father = [[William I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Flanders]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1067\u000a| birth_place = [[Normandy]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1137|3|8|df=yes}} (aged c. 70)\u000a| death_place = [[Marcigny]]-sur-Loire, France\u000a|
+p132
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward of Woodstock\u000a| title = [[Prince of Wales]]; [[Prince of Aquitaine]]\u000a| image = Cernoch.jpg\u000a| caption = ''Edward, Prince of Wales'' as [[Order of the Garter|Knight of the Order of the Garter]], 1453, illustration from the [[Bruges Garter Book]]\u000a| spouse = [[Joan of Kent|Joan, 4th Countess of Kent]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward of Angoulême]] <br/>[[Richard II of England]]\u000a| issue-link = #Marriage and issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| styles = The Prince of Wales<br />The Duke of Cornwall<br />The Earl of Chester<br />Edward of Woodstock\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1330|6|15|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Woodstock Palace]], [[Oxfordshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1376|6|8|1330|6|15|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Palace of Westminster]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Canterbury Cathedral]], [[Kent]]\u000a
+p133
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Joan of Kent\u000a| image = Joan of Kent.jpg\u000a| imgw = 100px\u000a| title = Princess of Wales<br>Princess of Aquitaine<br>Countess of Salisbury<br>4th Countess of Kent<br>5th Baroness Wake of Liddell\u000a| spouse = [[Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent]]<br>[[William Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury]]<br>[[Edward, the Black Prince|Edward, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| issue = Edmund Holland<br>[[Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent]]<br>[[John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter]]<br>[[Joan Holland (1350\u20131384)|Joan Holland, Duchess of Brittany]]<br>Maud Holland, Countess of Ligny<br>[[Edward of Angoulême]]<br>[[Richard II of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] <br><small>(by birth and marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1328|9|19|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1385|8|7|1328|9|29|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Wallingford Castle]], [[Wallingford, Berkshire]], [[England]] (present-day Wallingford, Oxfordshire, England, UK) \u000a| place of burial = [[Stamford, Lincolnshire]], [[England]]
+p134
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = John of Gaunt\u000a| image = Johnofgaunt.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Lancaster]]; [[Duke of Aquitaine]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry IV of England|Henry Bolingbroke]]\u000a| spouse = {{plainlist}}\u000a* [[Blanche of Lancaster]]<br>m. 1359; dec. 1369\u000a* [[Constance of Castile, Duchess of Lancaster|Infanta Constance of Castile]]<br>m. 1371; dec. 1394\u000a* [[Katherine Swynford]]<br>m. 1396; wid. 1399\u000a{{endplainlist}}\u000a| issue = {{plainlist}}\u000a* [[Philippa of Lancaster|Philippa, Queen of Portugal]]\u000a* [[Elizabeth of Lancaster, Duchess of Exeter|Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter]]\u000a* [[Henry IV of England]]\u000a* [[Catherine of Lancaster|Catherine, Queen of Castile]]\u000a* [[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset]]\u000a* [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] [[Henry Beaufort]]\u000a* [[Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter]]\u000a* [[Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland]]\u000a{{endplainlist}}\u000a| house = {{plainlist}}\u000a* [[House of Plantagenet]] ''(by birth)''\u000a* [[House of Lancaster]] ''(founder)''\u000a{{endplainlist}}\u000a| father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1340|3|6|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Ghent]], [[County of Flanders|Flanders]] (now in [[Belgium]])\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1399|2|3|1340|3|6|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Leicester Castle]], Leicestershire\u000a| place of burial = [[Old St Paul's Cathedral|St Paul's Cathedral]], City of London\u000a
+p135
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = Duchess of Lancaster\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| spouse = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| issue = [[Philippa of Lancaster|Philippa, Queen of Portugal]] <br>[[Elizabeth of Lancaster, Duchess of Exeter|Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter]]<br> [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV, King of England]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| father = [[Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster|Henry, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabel de Beaumont]]\u000a| birth_date = 25 March 1345<ref name="cawley"/>\u000a| birth_place = [[Bolingbroke Castle]], [[Lindsey (government district)|Lindsey]]\u000a| death_date = 12 September 1368 (aged 23)\u000a| death_place = [[Tutbury Castle]], Staffordshire\u000a| place of burial = [[Old St Paul's Cathedral|St Paul's Cathedral]], City of London\u000a
+p136
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Richard Plantagenet\u000a| image = Royal Arms of England (1399-1603).svg\u000a| image = Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York.jpg\u000a| caption = Stained glass window in [[St Laurence's Church, Ludlow|St. Laurence's Church]], [[Ludlow]]\u000a| succession = [[Duke of York]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York|Edward of Norwich]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward IV of England|Edward (IV)]]\u000a| spouse = [[Cecily Neville]]\u000a| issue = [[Anne of York, Duchess of Exeter|Anne, Duchess of Exeter]]<br>[[Edward IV of England]]<br>[[Edmund, Earl of Rutland]]<br>[[Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk|Elizabeth, Duchess of Suffolk]]<br>[[Margaret of York]]<br>[[George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence|George, 1st Duke of Clarence]]<br>[[Richard III of England]]\u000a| styles = The Duke of York<br>''Lord'' Richard Plantagenet\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne de Mortimer]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1411|9|21|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1460|12|30|1411|9|21}}\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Wakefield|Wakefield]], Yorkshire\u000a
+p137
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Cecily Neville\u000a| title =[[Duchess of York]]\u000a| image = Cecily neville.jpg\u000a| caption = Cecily, Duchess of York by Edward Harding, 1792, [[National Portrait Gallery, London]]\u000a| spouse = [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| issue =[[Anne of York, Duchess of Exeter]]<br>[[Edward IV of England|Edward IV, King of England]]<br>[[Edmund, Earl of Rutland]]<br>[[Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk]]<br>[[Margaret of York|Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy]]<br>[[George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence|George, 1st Duke of Clarence]]<br>[[Richard III of England|Richard III, King of England]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others\u000a| styles = The Duchess of York<br>Lady Cecily Neville\u000a| house = [[House of Neville]] <small>(by birth)</small><br>[[House of York]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland|Lady Joan Beaufort]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1415|5|3|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Raby Castle]], [[Durham, England|Durham]], England\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1495|5|31|1415|5|3|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Berkhamsted Castle]], Hertfordshire, England\u000a| place of burial = [[Church of St Mary and All Saints, Fotheringhay]]\u000a
+p138
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge\u000a| image = Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge.jpg\u000a| imgw = 180px\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Cambridge]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York]]\u000a| spouses = [[Anne de Mortimer|Anne Mortimer]]<br>Maud Clifford\u000a| issue = [[Isabel of Cambridge, Countess of Essex]]<br>Henry of York<br>[[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| house = [[House of York|York]]\u000a| father = [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York|Isabella of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 20 July 1375\u000a| birth_place = [[Conisborough Castle|Conisburgh Castle]], Yorkshire\u000a| death_date = 5 August 1415 (aged 40)\u000a| death_place = [[Southampton]], Hampshire\u000a
+p139
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| spouse = [[Richard, 3rd Earl of Cambridge]]\u000a| image = Arms of Anne de Mortimer, Countess of Cambridge.svg\u000a| caption = Coat of arms of the Countess of Cambridge.<ref>Pinches, John Harvey; Pinches, Rosemary (1974), The Royal Heraldry of England, Heraldry Today, Slough, Buckinghamshire: Hollen Street Press, ISBN 0-900455-25-X</ref>\u000a| noble family = Mortimer\u000a| issue = [[Isabel of Cambridge, Countess of Essex|Isabel of York]]<br>Henry<br>[[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| father = [[Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March]]\u000a| mother = [[Alianore Holland|Eleanor Holland]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1390|12|27|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = New Forest, [[Westmeath]], Ireland \u000a| death_date = c. {{Death date and age|1411|9|22|1390|12|27|df=yes}}\u000a| burial_place = Kings Langley, Hertfordshire\u000a|
+p140
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edmund ''of Langley''\u000a| image = Edmund of Langley 2C Duke of York.jpg\u000a| imgw = 180px\u000a| succession = [[Duke of York]]\u000a| successor = [[Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York|Edward ''of Norwich'', 2nd Duke]]\u000a| spouse = [[Infanta Isabella of Castile|Isabella of Castile]]<br>[[Joan Holland]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York|Edward, 2nd Duke of York]]<br />[[Constance of York|Constance of York, Countess of Gloucester]]<br />[[Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge|Richard, 3rd Earl of Cambridge]]\u000a| styles = The Duke of York<br />The Earl of Cambridge<br />Edmund ''of Langley''\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] ''(by birth)''<br />[[House of York]] ''(founder)''\u000a| father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1341|6|5|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Kings Langley]], [[Hertfordshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1402|8|1|1341|6|5}}\u000a| death_place = Kings Langley, Hertfordshire\u000a| place of burial = Kings Langley, Hertfordshire\u000a
+p141
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Isabella of Castile \u000a| title = Duchess of York\u000a| image = Isabella of Castile-Langley.JPG\u000a| imgw = 180ps\u000a| caption =\u000a| spouse = [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York|Edmund, 1st Duke of York]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York|Edward, 2nd Duke of York]]<br>[[Constance of York]]<br>[[Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge|Richard, 3rd Earl of Cambridge]]\u000a| house = [[House of Ivrea]]\u000a| father = [[Peter of Castile]]\u000a| mother = [[María de Padilla]]\u000a| birth_date = 1355\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1392|12|23|df=yes}}\u000a| place of burial = [[Kings Langley]], [[Hertfordshire]]\u000a
+p142
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Edmund Tudor\u000a|image =Eddytudor.jpg\u000a|caption =Tomb Effigy of Edmund Tudor\u000a|title =Earl of Richmond\u000a|spouse =[[Lady Margaret Beaufort]]\u000a|issue =[[Henry VII of England]]\u000a|father =[[Owen Tudor]]\u000a|mother =[[Catherine of Valois]]\u000a|birth_date =11 June 1431\u000a|death_date ={{Death date and age|1456|11|3|1431|1|1|df=y}}\u000a|
+p143
+aVInfobox person\u000a| name = Lady Margaret Beaufort\u000a| title = Countess of Richmond and Derby\u000a| image = Lady Margaret Beaufort from NPG.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| caption = Lady Margaret Beaufort at prayer.\u000a| spouse = [[John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk]]<br>[[Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond]]<br>[[Sir Henry Stafford]]<br>[[Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby]]\u000a| children = [[Henry VII of England]]\u000a| parents = [[John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset]]<br>[[Margaret Beauchamp of Bletsoe]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1443|5|31|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Bletsoe Castle]], [[Bedfordshire]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1509|6|29|1443|5|31|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[London]], England\u000a| place of burial = [[Henry VII Lady Chapel]], [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a
+p144
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = The Duke of Somerset\u000a| title = \u000a| image = Arms of Lady Margaret Beaufort.svg\u000a| imgw = 125\u000a| caption = Arms of Beaufort, Earls and Dukes of Somerset: ''[[Royal arms of England]] [[Difference (heraldry)|differenced]] by a [[bordure]] [[Compone|gobonne]] argent and azure''\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Somerset]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry Beaufort, 2nd Earl of Somerset|Henry Beaufort, 2nd Earl]]\u000a| successor = [[Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset|Edmund Beaufort, 4th Earl, 2nd Duke]]\u000a| spouse = [[Margaret Beauchamp of Bletso]]\u000a| issue = [[Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby|Lady Margaret Beaufort]]\u000a| house = [[House of Beaufort]]\u000a| father = [[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset|John Beaufort, 1st Earl]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Holland, Countess of Somerset]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1444|5|27|df=yes}} (aged 40)\u000a| birth date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1403|Somerset|bf=yes}}
+p145
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = The Earl of Somerset\u000a| title = \u000a| image = Arms of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset.svg\u000a| imgw = 125\u000a| caption = Arms of Beaufort family, Earls and Dukes of Somerset: ''Quarterly, 1st & 4th: Azure, three fleurs de lis or ([[Royal Arms of France|France]]); 2nd & 3rd: Gules, three [[Lions in heraldry|lions passant guardant]] in pale or ([[Royal arms of England|England]]); all within a bordure compony argent and azure''<ref>Debtett's Peerage, 1968, p.125</ref> \u000a| succession = [[Earl of Somerset]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry Beaufort, 2nd Earl of Somerset|Henry Beaufort, 2nd Earl]]\u000a| spouse = [[Margaret Holland, Duchess of Clarence|Margaret Holland, Countess of Somerset]]\u000a| issue = Henry Beaufort, 2nd Earl of Somerset<br />[[John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset]]<br />[[Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland]]<br />[[Thomas Beaufort, Count of Perche]]<Br />[[Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset]]<br />[[Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Devon]]\u000a| house = [[House of Beaufort]]\u000a| father = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother = [[Katherine Swynford]]\u000a| birth_date = [[Château de Beaufort]], [[Anjou]], 1373\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1410|3|16|df=yes}} (aged 36/37)\u000a| death_place = [[St Katharine's by the Tower|Hospital of St Katharine's by the Tower]]\u000a| place of burial = St Michael's Chapel, [[Canterbury Cathedral]]\u000a
+p146
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Henry Grey\u000a| title = [[Duke of Suffolk]]<br />[[Marquess of Dorset]]\u000a| image = Coat of arms of Sir Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, KG.png\u000a| imgw = 243px\u000a| caption = Arms of Sir Henry Grey,<br />1st Duke of Suffolk, 3rd marquess of Dorset, KG\u000a| alt = \u000a| CoA = \u000a| more = no \u000a| succession = \u000a| reign = \u000a| reign-type = \u000a| predecessor = \u000a| successor = \u000a| suc-type = \u000a| spouse = [[Lady Frances Brandon]] \u000a| issue = [[Lady Jane Grey]]<br>[[Lady Katherine Grey]]<br>[[Lady Mary Grey]]\u000a| issue-link = \u000a| issue-pipe = \u000a| full name = \u000a| styles = \u000a| titles = \u000a| noble family = Grey\u000a| house-type = \u000a| father = [[Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Wotton]]\u000a| birth_date = 17 January 1517\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| christening_date = \u000a| christening_place = \u000a| death_date = 23 February 1554\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_date = \u000a| burial_place = \u000a| religion =\u000a| occupation = \u000a
+p147
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Frances Grey\u000a| title = Duchess of Suffolk\u000a| image = Frances Brandon.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait of a woman sometimes identified as the Duchess of Suffolk, c. 1560\u000a| spouse = [[Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]<br>[[Adrian Stokes (Master of Horse)|Adrian Stokes]]\u000a| issue = [[Lady Jane Grey]]<br>[[Lady Catherine Grey|Catherine Seymour, Countess of Hertford]]<br>[[Lady Mary Grey|Lady Mary Keyes]]<br>Elizabeth Stokes\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary Tudor, Queen of France|Mary of England]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1517|07|16|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1559|11|20|1517|07|16|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| burial_place= [[Westminster Abbey]]
+p148
+aVInfobox officeholder\u000a|honorific-prefix = [[His Grace]] \u000a|name = The Duke of Suffolk\u000a|honorific-suffix = [[Order of the Garter|KG]]\u000a|title = \u000a|image = Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk.jpg\u000a|imagesize = 240px\u000a|caption = [[His Grace]] The Duke of Suffolk, detail of a double wedding portrait attributed to [[Jan Gossaert]], c. 1516.\u000a|birth_date = c. 1484\u000a|birth_place = \u000a|death_date = {{death year and age|df=yes|1545|1484}}\u000a|death_place = [[Guildford]], [[Surrey]]\u000a|resting_place = [[St. George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a|resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|51.48376|N|0.60678|W|region:GB_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}\u000a|residence = [[Westhorpe Hall]], [[Suffolk]]\u000a|occupation = [[Courtier]], [[Italian War of 1542\u20131546|Military commander]]\u000a|order = [[Lord President of the Council]]\u000a|monarch = [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]\u000a|term_start = 1530\u000a|term_end = 1545\u000a|predecessor = New office\u000a|successor = [[William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester|The Lord St John]]\u000a|order2 = [[Lord Steward]]\u000a|monarch2 = [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]\u000a|term_start2 = 1541\u000a|term_end2 = 1544\u000a|predecessor2 = [[George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury|The Earl of Shrewsbury]]\u000a|successor2 = [[William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester|The Lord St John]]\u000a|party = \u000a|wars_and_battles = [[War of the League of Cambrai|League of Cambrai]] [[Battle of Guinegate|Battle of the Spurs]] [[Italian War of 1542\u20131546|Italian War of 1542]] [[Sieges of Boulogne (1544\u20131546)|First siege of Boulogne]]\u000a|religion = \u000a|spouse = Margaret Mortimer<br>Anne Browne<br>[[Mary Tudor, Queen of France|Mary Tudor, Queen Dowager of France]]<br>[[Catherine Willoughby]]\u000a|partner = \u000a|children = [[Anne Brandon, Baroness Grey of Powis]]<br>[[Mary Brandon, Baroness Monteagle]]<br>Lord Henry Brandon<br>[[Lady Frances Brandon|Frances, Duchess of Suffolk]]<br>[[Lady Eleanor Brandon|Eleanor, Countess of Cumberland]]<br>[[Henry Brandon, 1st Earl of Lincoln|Henry Brandon, Earl of Lincoln]]<br>[[Henry Brandon, 2nd Duke of Suffolk|Henry Brandon, Duke of Suffolk]]<br>[[Charles Brandon, 3rd Duke of Suffolk|Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a|relations = [[William Brandon (standard-bearer)|Sir William Brandon]]<small> (Father)<br></small>Elizabeth Bruyn<small> (Mother)</small>\u000a|signature = \u000a|website = \u000a|footnotes = \u000a
+p149
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Mary Tudor \u000a| image = MaryTudor112.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait of Mary Tudor by an unknown artist in the French school\u000a| succession = [[List of French consorts|Queen consort of France]]\u000a| reign = 9 October 1514 \u2013 1 January 1515\u000a| reign-type = Tenure\u000a| coronation = 5 November 1514\u000a| spouse = [[Louis XII of France]]<br>[[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a| issue = Henry Brandon<br>[[Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk]]<br>[[Eleanor Clifford, Countess of Cumberland]]<br> [[Henry Brandon, 1st Earl of Lincoln]]\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Henry VII of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1496|3|18|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Richmond Palace]], [[Surrey]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1533|6|25|1496|3|18|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Westhorpe Hall]], [[Suffolk]] \u000a|burial_place=[[St. Mary's Church, Bury St. Edmunds]]\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p150
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry Stewart\u000a| image = Henry-stuart-darnley.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|King consort]] of [[Scotland]]\u000a| reign = 29 July 1565 \u2013 10 February 1567\u000a| succession1 = [[Duke of Albany]]; [[Earl of Ross]]\u000a| reign1 = 1565\u20131567\u000a| reign-type1 = Tenure\u000a| successor1 = [[James VI and I|James, Duke of Rothesay]]\u000a| spouse = [[Mary, Queen of Scots]]<br>m. 1565; dec. 1567\u000a| issue = [[James VI and I]]\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Douglas]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1545|12|7}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Temple Newsam]], [[Leeds, West Yorkshire]], England\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1567|2|10|1545|12|7}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kirk o' Field]], Edinburgh, Scotland\u000a| burial_place = [[Holyrood Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p151
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Mary Stuart\u000a| image = Mary Stuart Queen.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait of Mary after [[François Clouet]], ''c.'' 1559\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish monarchs|Queen of Scots]]\u000a| reign = 14 December 1542 \u2013 24 July 1567\u000a| coronation = 9 September 1543\u000a| predecessor = [[James V of Scotland|James V]]\u000a| regent = [[James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault|James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran]] (1542\u20131554)<br/>[[Mary of Guise]] (1554\u20131560)\u000a| successor = [[James VI and I|James VI]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of French consorts|Queen consort of France]]\u000a| reign1 = 10 July 1559 \u2013 5 December 1560\u000a| reign-type1 = Tenure\u000a| spouse = [[Francis II of France]]<br/>m. 1558; dec. 1560<br/>[[Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley]]<br/>m. 1565; dec. 1567<br/>[[James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell]]<br/>m. 1567; dec. 1578\u000a| issue = [[James VI and I]]\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James V of Scotland]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary of Guise]]\u000a| birth_date = 7/8 December 1542<ref>Bishop [[John Lesley]] said Mary was born on the 7th, but Mary and [[John Knox]] claimed the 8th, which was the [[feast day]] of the [[Feast of the Immaculate Conception|Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary]] ({{Harvnb|Fraser|1994|p=13}}; {{Harvnb|Wormald|1988|p=11}}).</ref>\u000a| birth_place = [[Linlithgow Palace]], [[Linlithgow]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1587|2|8|1542|12|8|df=yes}}<ref>While Catholic Europe switched to the [[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]] [[Gregorian calendar]] in the 1580s, England and Scotland retained the Old Style [[Julian calendar]] until 1752. In this article, dates before 1752 are Old Style, with the exception that years are assumed to start on 1 January rather than 25 March.</ref>\u000a| death_place = [[Fotheringhay Castle]], Northamptonshire\u000a| place of burial = [[Peterborough Cathedral]]; [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature = Marysign.jpg\u000a|
+p152
+aVInfobox Peer\u000a|name=Lady Margaret Douglas\u000a|titles=Countess of Lennox\u000a|image=Margaret Douglas.jpg\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1515|10|8|df=y}}\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1578|3|7|1515|10|8|df=y}}\u000a|spouse=[[Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox]]\u000a|issue=[[Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley]] <br />[[Charles Stuart, 1st Earl of Lennox]]\u000a|parents=[[Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus]]<br>[[Margaret Tudor]]\u000a
+p153
+aVInfobox royalty| monarch\u000a| name = James V\u000a| succession = [[King of Scots]]\u000a| more = sc\u000a| image = James V of Scotland2.jpg\u000a| imgw = 201\u000a| caption=Anonymous portrait of James V, probably contemporary\u000a| reign = 9 September 1513 \u2013 14 December 1542\u000a| coronation = 21 September 1513\u000a| predecessor = [[James IV of Scotland|James IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Mary, Queen of Scots|Mary I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Madeleine of Valois]] (1537)<br />[[Mary of Guise]] (1538\u201342)\u000a| issue = [[Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of Orkney]]<br>[[James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray]]<br>[[Mary, Queen of Scots]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[House of Stewart]]\u000a| father = [[James IV of Scotland]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Tudor]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1512|4|10|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Linlithgow Palace]], [[Linlithgowshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1542|12|14|1512|4|10|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Falkland Palace]], [[Fife]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Holyrood Abbey]], [[Edinburgh]]\u000a|
+p154
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Margaret Tudor\u000a| image = Margaret Tudor.jpg\u000a| caption = Detail of a portrait of Queen Margaret by [[Daniel Mytens]]\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scots]]\u000a| reign = 8 August 1503 \u2013 9 September 1513\u000a| spouse = [[James IV of Scotland]]<br />m. 1503; dec. 1513<br />[[Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus]]<br />m. 1514; div. 1527<br />[[Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven]]<br />m. 1528; dec. 1552\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = [[James, Duke of Rothesay (born 1507)|James, Duke of Rothesay]]<br />[[Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay]]<br />[[James V of Scotland]]<br />[[Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross]]<br />[[Margaret Douglas|Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox]]<br /> Dorothea Stewart\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Henry VII of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1489|11|28|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Westminster Palace]], [[Middlesex]], England\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1541|10|18|1489|11|28|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Methven Castle]], [[Perthshire]]\u000a
+p155
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name = William II\u000a|image = Workshop of Gerard van Honthorst 001.jpg\u000a|caption = ''William II, Prince of Orange'' (1651)<br/>by [[Gerard van Honthorst]]\u000a|birth_name =\u000a|birth_date = {{Birth date|1626|05|27|df=yes}}\u000a|birth_place = [[The Hague]], [[Dutch Republic]]\u000a|death_date = {{Death date and age|1650|11|6|1626|05|27|df=yes}}\u000a|death_place = [[The Hague]], [[Dutch Republic]]\u000a|succession = [[Prince of Orange]]\u000a|reign = 14 March 1647{{spaced ndash}} 6 November 1650\u000a|predecessor = [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange|Frederick Henry]]\u000a|successor = [[William III of England|William III]]\u000a|issue=[[William III of England]]\u000a|house = [[House of Orange-Nassau]]\u000a|mother = [[Amalia of Solms-Braunfels]]\u000a|father = [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange]]\u000a|spouse = [[Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange|Mary, Princess Royal]]\u000a|religion = [[Calvinism]]\u000a
+p156
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|royal|consort\u000a| name = Mary of England\u000a| title = Princess Royal\u000a| succession = [[Prince of Orange|Princess of Orange]];<br>[[Count of Nassau|Countess of Nassau]]\u000a| image = Mary Princess of Orange.jpg\u000a| caption = Mary Henrietta Stuart (1652 painting by [[Bartholomeus van der Helst]])\u000a| reign = 14 March 1647 \u2013 6 November 1650\u000a| spouse = [[William II, Prince of Orange]]\u000a| issue = [[William III of England]]\u000a| full name = Mary Henrietta \u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[Charles I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Henrietta Maria of France]]\u000a| birth_date = 4 November 1631\u000a| birth_place = [[St. James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1660|12|24|1631|11|4|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Whitehall Palace]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a|
+p157
+aVInfobox royalty|\u000a| name = Ernest Augustus\u000a| title = [[Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg]], [[Electorate of Hanover|Elector-designate of Hanover]]\u000a| image = ernst_augus_hanover.jpg\u000a| caption = Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg\u000a| succession = Ruler of the [[Principality of Calenberg]]\u000a| reign = 1679\u20131698\u000a| predecessor = [[John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| successor = [[George I of Great Britain|Georg Ludwig]]\u000a| succession1 = Administrator of the [[Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück]]\u000a| reign1 = 1662\u20131698\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Francis of Wartenberg]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Charles Joseph of Lorraine]]\u000a| spouse = [[Sophia of the Palatinate]]\u000a| issue = [[George I of Great Britain]]<br />Friedrich Augustus<br />[[Maximilian Wilhelm of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Maximilian Wilhelm]]<br />[[Sophia Charlotte of Hanover|Sophia Charlotte, Queen in Prussia]]<br />Karl Philipp<br />Christian Heinrich<br />[[Ernest Augustus, Duke of York and Albany|Ernest Augustus, Duke of York]] \u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt]]\u000a| birth_date = 20 November 1629\u000a| birth_place = [[Herzberg am Harz]]\u000a| death_date = 23 January 1698 (age 68)\u000a| death_place = [[Herrenhausen]]\u000a|
+p158
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort = yes\u000a| name = Sophia of the Palatinate\u000a| succession = [[Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Electress of Hanover]]\u000a| reign = 1692\u20131698\u000a| image = SophiaofHanover.jpg\u000a| caption = \u000a| spouse = [[Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover]]\u000a| issue = [[George I of Great Britain]]<br />[[Maximilian William of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Maximilian William]]<br />[[Sophia Charlotte of Hanover|Sophia Charlotte, Queen in Prussia]]<br />[[Ernest Augustus, Duke of York and Albany|Ernest Augustus, Duke of York]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = more... \u000a| house = [[House of Wittelsbach]]-Simmern<br />[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth of Scotland]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1630|10|14|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[The Hague]], [[Dutch Republic|Netherlands]]\u000a| date of christening = 30 January 1631<ref name=sloan />\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1714|6|8|1630|10|14|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Herrenhausen]], [[Electorate of Hanover|Hanover]]\u000a| date of burial = 9 June 1714<ref name=sloan >[http://www.anusha.com/pafg749.htm#25719 Sam Sloan's Big Combined Family Trees, page 749]</ref>\u000a| place of burial = [[Leineschloss|Leine Castle]], [[Electorate of Hanover|Hanover]]\u000a| religion = \u000a|
+p159
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a|name=Elizabeth Stuart\u000a| succession = [[Queen consort of Bohemia]]\u000a| image = Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia from NPG.jpg\u000a| caption = Elizabeth, while Electress consort Palatine\u000a| reign = 4 November 1619 \u2013 8 November 1620\u000a| coronation = 7 November 1619\u000a| spouse = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| issue = [[Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate]]<br />[[Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine]]<br />[[Elisabeth of the Palatinate|Princess Elisabeth]]<br />[[Prince Rupert of the Rhine|Prince Rupert, Duke of Cumberland]]<br />[[Maurice of the Palatinate|Prince Maurice]]<br /> [[Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate|Princess Louise Hollandine]]<br />Prince Louis<br />[[Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern|Prince Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern]]<br />[[Henriette Marie of the Palatinate|Princess Henriette Marie]]<br />[[Philip Frederick of the Palatinate|Prince Philip Frederick]]<br />[[Charlotte of the Palatinate (1628\u20131631)|Princess Charlotte]]<br />[[Sophia of Hanover|Sophia, Electress of Hanover]]<br />[[Gustavus Adolphus of the Palatinate|Prince Gustavus Adolphus]]\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James VI and I|James VI of Scotland and I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne of Denmark|Princess Anne of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = 19 August 1596\u000a| birth_place = [[Falkland Palace]], [[Fife]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1662|2|13|1596|8|19|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[London]], [[England]]\u000a|
+p160
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Frederick\u000a| title =Prince of Wales\u000a| image =Frederick Prince of Wales.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession =[[Duke of Edinburgh]]\u000a| successor =[[George III of the United Kingdom|George, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| spouse =[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| issue =[[Princess Augusta of Great Britain|Augusta, Duchess of Brunswick]]<br />[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]<br />[[Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany|Prince Edward, Duke of York]]<br />[[Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain|Princess Elizabeth]]<br />[[Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester]]<br />[[Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn|Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland]]<br />[[Princess Louisa of Great Britain|Princess Louisa]]<br />[[Prince Frederick of Great Britain|Prince Frederick]]<br />[[Caroline Matilda of Great Britain|Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| full name =Frederick Louis<br />''German: Friedrich Ludwig''\u000a| father =[[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| mother =[[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1707|2|1|df=y}} ([[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]])\u000a| birth_place =[[Hanover]], [[Holy Roman Empire|Germany]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1751|3|31|1707|2|1|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Leicester Square|Leicester House]], London, England\u000a| date of burial =13 April 1751\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a|
+p161
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Princess Augusta\u000a| title =Princess of Wales\u000a| image =Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales by Charles Philips cropped.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait by Charles Philips, upon the occasion of her marriage\u000a| spouse =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| issue =[[Princess Augusta of Great Britain|Princess Augusta, Duchess of Brunswick]]<br />[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]<br />[[Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany|Prince Edward, Duke of York]]<br />[[Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain|Princess Elizabeth]]<br />[[Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester]]<br />[[Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn|Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland]]<br />[[Princess Louisa of Great Britain|Princess Louisa]]<br />[[Prince Frederick of Great Britain|Prince Frederick]]<br />[[Caroline Matilda of Great Britain|Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway]]\u000a| house =[[House of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[House of Hanover]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father =[[Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]\u000a| mother =[[Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1719|11|30|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Gotha (town)|Gotha]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1772|2|8|1719|11|30|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Carlton House, London|Carlton House]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| date of burial =15 February 1772\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a|
+p162
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Prince Edward\u000a| title = Duke of Kent and Strathearn\u000a| image = Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn by Sir William Beechey.jpg\u000a| caption = by [[William Beechey|Sir William Beechey]], 1818 (originally the property of Thérèse-Bernardine Montgenet)\u000a| full name = Edward Augustus\u000a| spouse = [[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| issue = [[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| titles = ''HRH'' The Duke of Kent<br />''HRH'' The Prince Edward\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1767|11|2|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1820|1|23|1767|11|2|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Woolbrook Cottage]], [[Sidmouth]], [[England]]\u000a| date of burial = 12 February 1820<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/royal-connection/burial/burials-in-the-chapel-since-1805.html | title=Royal Burials in the Chapel since 1805 | publisher=stgeorges-windsor.org | work=College of St George | accessdate=April 10, 2012}}</ref>\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|St. George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[England]]\u000a
+p163
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of the Anglo-Saxons]]\u000a| image = Picture of Queen Ediva.jpg\u000a| caption = Picture of Queen Eadgifu from ''The Saxon Cathedral at Canterbury and The Saxon Saints Buried Therein''\u000a| reign = c .919 - 17 July 924\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| spouse = [[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of the Anglo-Saxons]]\u000a| father = Sigehelm, Ealdorman of Kent\u000a| issue = [[Edmund I|Edmund, King of England]]<br>[[Eadred|Eadred, King of England]]<br>[[Eadburh of Winchester|Saint Eadburh of Winchester]]<br>Eadgifu\u000a| birth_date = c. 903\u000a| death_date = c. {{death year and age|966|903}}\u000a
+p164
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a| reign = 939 - 944\u000a| spouse = [[Edmund I|Edmund I, King of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| issue = [[Eadwig|Eadwig, King of England]]<br>[[Edgar the Peaceful|Edgar, King of England]]\u000a| death_date = 944\u000a| father = \u000a| mother = Wynflæd\u000a| burial_place = [[Shaftesbury Abbey]]\u000a
+p165
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort = yes\u000a|succession= [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a|reign = 944 - 26 May 946\u000a|spouse = [[Edmund I|Edmund I, King of England]] <br> Æthelstan\u000a|house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a|father = Ælfgar, ealdorman of Essex\u000a
+p166
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Richard I "''the Fearless''"\u000a| image = Richar fearless statue in falaise.jpg\u000a| caption = Richard the Fearless as part of the Six Dukes of Normandy statue in the town square of [[Falaise, Calvados|Falaise]].\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Normandy]]{{dubious|date=September 2013}}\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|17 December 942 \u2013 20 November 996}}\u000a| predecessor = [[William I, Duke of Normandy|William I]]\u000a| successor = [[Richard II, Duke of Normandy|Richard II]]\u000a| spouses = [[Emma, Duchess of Normandy|Emma of Paris]]<br />[[Gunnor]]\u000a| issue = [[Richard II of Normandy]] <br />[[Robert II (Archbishop of Rouen)]] <br />[[Mauger, Count of Corbeil]] <br />Robert Danus <br />Willam? <br />[[Emma of Normandy]] <br />[[Maud of Normandy]] <br />[[Hawise of Normandy]] <br />[[Geoffrey, Count of Eu]] (illegitimate) <br />William, Count of Eu (illegitimate) <br />Beatrice of Normandy (illegitimate) <br />Robert (illegitimate) <br />Papia (illegitimate)\u000a| father = [[William I, Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| mother = [[Sprota]]\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy]]\u000a| birth_date = 28 August 933\u000a| birth_place = [[Fécamp]] [[Normandy]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date = 20 November 996\u000a| death_place = [[Fécamp]] [[Normandy]], [[France]]\u000a| place of burial =\u000a
+p167
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Gunnora \u000a| image = Gonnor de crepon.jpg\u000a| imgw = 220px\u000a| caption = {{center|Gonnora confirming a charter of the abbey of the Mount-Saint-Michel, 12th century (from archive of the abbey). Here she attested using her title of Countess.<ref>David Crouch, ''The Image of Aristocracy in Britain, 1000-1300'' (London: Routledge, 1992), p. 57</ref>}}\u000a| succession = [[Duchess consort of Normandy]]\u000a| reign = 989\u2013996\u000a| spouse = [[Richard I, Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| issue = [[Richard II, Duke of Normandy|Richard II]] <br> [[Robert II, Archbishop of Rouen|Robert II, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux]] <br> [[Mauger, Count of Corbeil]] <br> [[Emma of Normandy|Emma, Queen consort of England]] <br> [[Hawise of Normandy|Hawise, Duchess consort of Brittany]] <br> [[Maud of Normandy|Maud, Countess of Blois]]\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = \u000a| mother = \u000a| birth_date = {{circa|936}}.<ref group=lower-alpha>According to "Burke's Peerage,#102173"</ref>\u000a| birth_place = Rouen, Haute-Normandy, France.\u000a| death_date = 5 Jan 1031 (Not verified)\u000a| death_place = Normandy, France\u000a| alt death date = 20 Nov 1031\u000a| date of burial = \u000a| place of burial = \u000a| occupation = \u000a| signature = \u000a| religion =\u000a
+p168
+aVInfobox monarch\u000a|name =Mieszko I\u000a|title =Duke of Poland\u000a|image =MieszkoDagome.jpg\u000a|caption =Portrait by [[Jan Matejko]].\u000a|reign = 962\u2013992\u000a|coronation =\u000a|full name =\u000a|predecessor =[[Siemomys\u0142]]\u000a|successor =[[Boles\u0142aw I Chrobry]]\u000a|spouse 1 \u000a|spouse 2 =[[Dobrawa of Bohemia]]\u000a|spouse 3 =[[Oda of Haldensleben]]\u000a|issue =''With Dobrawa:''<br>[[Boles\u0142aw I Chrobry|Boles\u0142aw I the Brave]] <br>[[Sigrid the Haughty|\u015awi\u0119tos\u0142awa]], Queen of Sweden, Denmark, Norway and England <br>Daughter, Pomeranian Princess (?) <br><br> ''With Oda:''<br>[[Mieszko Mieszkowic|Mieszko]] <br>[[\u015awi\u0119tope\u0142k Mieszkowic|\u015awi\u0119tope\u0142k]] <br>[[Lambert Mieszkowic|Lambert]]\u000a|dynasty =[[Piast dynasty]]\u000a|father =[[Siemomys\u0142]]\u000a|mother =unknown\u000a|birth_date =ca. 940\u000a|birth_place =\u000a|death_date =25 May 992\u000a|death_place =[[Pozna\u0144]], [[Poland]]\u000a|date of burial =\u000a|place of burial =\u000a
+p169
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| name =Dobrawa of Bohemia\u000a| succession =[[List of Polish consorts|Duchess consort of the Polans]]\u000a| image =Dobrawa.jpg\u000a| caption =Dobrawa of Bohemia, by [[Jan Matejko]]\u000a| reign =965\u2013977\u000a| spouse =[[Mieszko I of Poland]]\u000a| issue =[[Boles\u0142aw I Chrobry]]<br> possibly [[Sigrid the Haughty]]\u000a| house =[[P\u0159emyslid dynasty]] (by birth)<br>[[House of Piast]] (by marriage)\u000a| father =[[Boleslaus I, Duke of Bohemia]]\u000a| mother =[[Biagota]]\u000a| birth_date =ca. 940/45\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =977\u000a| death_place =\u000a|
+p170
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| titletext = \u000a| more = \u000a| image = Eric the victorious.jpg\u000a| image_size = \u000a| alt = \u000a| caption = Eric praying to [[Odin]] before the [[Battle of Fýrisvellir]], as envisioned by 20th century artist [[Jenny Nyström]]\u000a| succession = [[List of Swedish monarchs|King of Sweden]]\u000a| reign = c. 970-c.995 <ref>Bengt Liljegren, "Rulers of Sweden", Historiska Media, 2004. (translated by Adam Williams) p.11 ISBN 91-8505763-0</ref>\u000a| successor = [[Olof Skötkonung]]\u000a| spouse = [[Sigríð Storråda]]\u000a| spouse-type = Consort\u000a| consort = <!-- yes or no -->\u000a| issue = [[Olof Skötkonung]]\u000a| issue-link = \u000a| issue-pipe = \u000a| house = [[House of Munsö]]\u000a| father = [[Björn (III) Eriksson]]\u000a| mother = \u000a| birth_date = c. 945\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = c. 995\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_date = \u000a| burial_place = Old Uppsala\u000a| religion = pagan\u000a
+p171
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Godwin of Wessex\u000a|reign= 1020\u20131053\u000a|birth_date= 1001\u000a|birth_place= probably [[Sussex]]<ref name="EncBr1911"/>\u000a|death_date= 15 April 1053\u000a|death_place = [[Winchester]], [[Hampshire]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a|spouse=[[Gytha Thorkelsdóttir]]\u000a|issue=[[Sweyn Godwinson|Sweyn, Earl of Mercia]]<br>[[Harold Godwinson|Harold II, King of England]]<br>[[Tostig Godwinson|Tostig, Earl of Northumbria]]<br>[[Edith of Wessex|Edith, Queen of England]]<br>[[Gyrth Godwinson|Gyrth, Earl of East Anglia]]<br>[[Leofwine Godwinson|Leofwine, Earl of Kent]]<br>[[Wulfnoth Godwinson|Wulfnoth]]<br>Alfgar<br>Edgiva<br>Elgiva<br>Gunhilda\u000a|house=[[House of Godwin]] (founder)\u000a| father = [[Wulfnoth Cild]]\u000a
+p172
+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Ælfgar\u000a| image = \u000a| imagesize = \u000a| caption = \u000a\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| reign = 1057 \u2013 c.1062\u000a| predecessor = [[Leofric, Earl of Mercia|Leofric]]\u000a| successor = [[Edwin, Earl of Mercia|Edwin]]\u000a\u000a| house = \u000a| spouse = Ælfgifu{{cnl|date=September 2014}}\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a* Burgheard\u000a* [[Edwin, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a* [[Morcar, Earl of Northumbria]]\u000a* [[Edith of Mercia|Eadgyth]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link =\u000a| issue-pipe = \u000a\u000a| father = [[Leofric, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| mother = [[Godiva|Godgifu]] (possibly)\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = c.1062\u000a| death_place = \u000a| place of burial = \u000a| religion = \u000a
+p173
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Gruffydd ap Llywelyn\u000a| image = \u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = King of [[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]] and [[Kingdom of Powys|Powys]]\u000a| reign = 1039\u20131063\u000a| predecessor = [[Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig]]\u000a| successor = [[Bleddyn ap Cynfyn]]\u000a| succession1 = [[King of Deheubarth]]\u000a| reign1 = 1055\u20131063\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Gruffydd ap Rhydderch]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin]]\u000a| succession2 = [[King of Morgannwg]]\u000a| reign2 = 1058\u20131063\u000a| predecessor2 = [[Gruffydd ap Rhydderch]]\u000a| successor2 = [[Cadwgan ap Meurig]]\u000a| spouse = Ealdgyth of Mercia\u000a| house = \u000a| father = [[Llywelyn ap Seisyll]]\u000a| mother = Angharad ferch Maredudd\u000a| issue = Maredudd ap Gruffydd <br>[[Idwal ap Gruffydd]] <br>Nesta ferch Gruffydd\u000a| birth_date = c.1007\u000a| birth_place = Gwynedd\u000a| death_date = 5 August 1063\u000a| death_place = Snowdonia, Wales\u000a| place of burial = \u000a| religion = \u000a|
+p174
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox monarch\u000a| name = Malcolm III\u000a| image = File:Margaret and Malcolm Canmore (Wm Hole).JPG\u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption = Victorian depiction of Malcolm and his second wife, Margaret\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish monarchs|King of Alba]]\u000a| reign = 1058\u20131093\u000a| coronation = 1057?/25 April 1058?, [[Scone, Scotland|Scone]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Lulach]]\u000a| successor = [[Donald III of Scotland|Donald III]]\u000a| spouse = [[Ingebjorg Finnsdotter]]<br />[[Margaret of Wessex]]\u000a| issue = [[Duncan II of Scotland|Duncan II]], King of Alba<br />Edward, Prince of Scotland<br />[[Edmund of Scotland|Edmund]]<br />[[Ethelred of Scotland|Ethelred]]<br />[[Edgar of Scotland|Edgar]], King of Alba<br />[[Alexander I of Scotland|Alexander I]], King of Alba<br />[[David I of Scotland|David I]], King of Alba<br />[[Edith of Scotland|Edith/Matilda]], Queen of England<br />[[Mary of Scotland (1082\u20131116)|Mary]], Countess of Boulogne\u000a| house = [[House of Dunkeld]]\u000a| father = [[Duncan I of Scotland|Duncan I]], King of Alba\u000a| mother = Suthen\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1031|8|26|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Scotland]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date|1093|11|13|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Alnwick]], Northumberland, England\u000a| place of burial = [[Tynemouth]]\u000a
+p175
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Margaret of scotland\u000a| image = StMargareth edinburgh castle2.jpg\u000a| imgw = \u000a| caption = Image of Saint Margaret in a window at [[St Margaret's Chapel, Edinburgh]]\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scotland]]\u000a| reign = 1070\u20131093\u000a| coronation = \u000a| spouse = [[Malcolm III of Scotland]]<br> m. 1070; wid. 1093\u000a| issue = [[Edmund of Scotland|Edmund, Bishop of Dunkeld]]<br />[[Ethelred of Scotland|Ethelred]]<br />[[Edgar of Scotland|Edgar, King of Scotland]]<br />[[Alexander I of Scotland|Alexander I, King of Scotland]]<br />[[David I of Scotland|David I, King of Scotland]]<br />[[Matilda of Scotland|Matilda, Queen of England]]<br />[[Mary of Scotland (1082\u20131116)|Mary, Countess of Boulogne]]\u000a| issue-link = #Family\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| father = [[Edward the Exile]]\u000a| mother = [[Agatha, wife of Edward the Exile|Agatha]]\u000a| birth_date=c. 1045\u000a| death_date={{death date|df=yes|1093|11|16}}\u000a| birth_place=[[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]]\u000a| death_place=[[Edinburgh Castle]], [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Dunfermline Abbey]], [[Scotland]]\u000a
+p176
+aVInfobox nobility|\u000a| name =Godfrey I\u000a| title =[[Duke of Lower Lorraine]]<br>[[Landgrave of Brabant]]<br>[[Count of Louvain]]<br>[[Count of Brussels]]\u000a| image = Godfrid1.jpg\u000a| spouse =[[Ida of Chiny]]<br>[[Clementia of Burgundy|Clementia of Bourgogne]]\u000a| issue =[[Adeliza of Louvain]]<br>[[Godfrey II of Louvain]]<br>Clarissa<br>Henry<br>Ida<br>[[Joceline of Louvain]] \u000a| titles =The Duke of Lower Lorraine<br>The Landgrave of Brabant<BR>The Count of Louvain and Brussels\u000a| noble family =[[House of Reginar]]\u000a| father =[[Henry II, Count of Louvain]]\u000a| mother =Adèle of Orthen ([[Verdun]])\u000a| birth_date =1060\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =25 January 1139 (aged 79)\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial =[[Affligem Abbey]]\u000a|
+p177
+aVInfobox nobility|\u000a| name =Godfrey I\u000a| title =[[Duke of Lower Lorraine]]<br>[[Landgrave of Brabant]]<br>[[Count of Louvain]]<br>[[Count of Brussels]]\u000a| image = Godfrid1.jpg\u000a| spouse =[[Ida of Chiny]]<br>[[Clementia of Burgundy|Clementia of Bourgogne]]\u000a| issue =[[Adeliza of Louvain]]<br>[[Godfrey II of Louvain]]<br>Clarissa<br>Henry<br>Ida<br>[[Joceline of Louvain]] \u000a| titles =The Duke of Lower Lorraine<br>The Landgrave of Brabant<BR>The Count of Louvain and Brussels\u000a| noble family =[[House of Reginar]]\u000a| father =[[Henry II, Count of Louvain]]\u000a| mother =Adèle of Orthen ([[Verdun]])\u000a| birth_date =1060\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =25 January 1139 (aged 79)\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial =[[Affligem Abbey]]\u000a|
+p178
+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Eustace III, Count of Boulogne\u000a| image = Godefroy de Bouillon.jpg\u000a| image_size = 220px\u000a| caption = Eustace (shown with white hair) with his brothers [[Godfrey of Bouillon|Godfrey]] and [[Baldwin I of Jerusalem|Baldwin]] meeting with Byzantine emperor Alexius I Comnenus\u000a| noble family = [[Count of Boulogne|House of Boulogne]]\u000a| father = [[Eustace II of Boulogne]]\u000a| mother = [[Ida of Lorraine]]\u000a| spouse = [[Mary of Scotland, Countess of Boulogne|Mary of Scotland]]\u000a| birth_date = before 1060\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{circa| 1125}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a
+p179
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| typ = monarch\u000a| name = Henry IV\u000a| title = Holy Roman Emperor\u000a| more = hre\u000a| imgw = 150<!--DON'T CHANGE PLEASE!! IMAGE HAS LOW RESOLUTION-->\u000a| image = Heinrich 4 g.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[Holy Roman Emperor]] \u000a| reign = 31 March 1084 \u2013 31 December 1105\u000a| coronation = 31 March 1084<br>[[Old St. Peter's Basilica]], [[Rome]]\u000a| predecessor=[[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry III]]\u000a| successor=[[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V]]\u000a| othertitles = King of Germany 956\u20131105 \u000a| reign-type =\u000a| succession1= [[List of German monarchs|King of Germany]]<br />(Formally [[King of the Romans]])\u000a| reign1 = November 1053 \u2013 31 December 1105\u000a| coronation1 = 17 July 1054<br>[[Aachen Cathedral]]\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry III]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V]]\u000a| succession2= [[King of Italy]]\u000a| reign2 = 5 October 1056 \u2013 31 December 1105\u000a| coronation2 = \u000a| predecessor2 = [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry III]]\u000a| successor2 = [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V]]\u000a| succession3= [[List of kings of Burgundy|King of Burgundy]]\u000a| reign3 = 5 October 1056 \u2013 31 December 1105\u000a| coronation3 = \u000a| predecessor3 = [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry III]]\u000a| successor3 = [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry V]]\u000a| date1 = 11 November 1050\u000a| date2 = 7 August 1106\u000a| father = [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry III]]\u000a| mother = [[Agnes of Poitou]]\u000a| spouse = [[Bertha of Savoy]] <br /> \u000aAdelaida ([[Eupraxia of Kiev]])\u000a| issue = [[Agnes of Germany|Agnes, Duchess of Swabia and Margravine of Austria]]<br />[[Conrad II of Italy]]<br />[[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| house = [[Salian dynasty]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1050|11|11|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Imperial Palace of Goslar]], [[Duchy of Saxony|Saxony]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1106|8|7|1050|11|11}}\u000a| death_place = [[Liège]], [[Lower Lorraine]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Speyer Cathedral]]\u000a| religion =[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p180
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name=Fulk (V)\u000a| succession= [[King of Jerusalem]]\u000a| image=Melisende and Fulk of Jerusalem.jpg\u000a| caption=Fulk marries Queen Melisende\u000a| reign= 1131\u20131143\u000a| coronation=\u000a| predecessor=[[Baldwin II of Jerusalem|Baldwin II]]\u000a| successor=[[Melisende of Jerusalem|Melisende]] ''and'' [[Baldwin III of Jerusalem|Baldwin III]]\u000a| succession1=[[Count of Anjou]]\u000a| reign2=1106\u20131129\u000a| predecessor2=[[Fulk IV of Anjou|Fulk IV]]\u000a| successor2=[[Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou|Geoffrey V]]\u000a| spouse= [[Ermengarde of Maine]]<br>[[Melisende of Jerusalem]]\u000a| house= [[Angevins|House of Anjou]]\u000a| father= [[Fulk IV of Anjou]] (1043\u20131109)\u000a| mother= [[Bertrade de Montfort]] (c. 1070\u20131117)\u000a| issue= [[Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou]]<br> [[Sibylla of Anjou|Sibylla, Countess of Flanders]]<br>[[Matilda of Anjou|Matilda, Duchess of Normandy]]<br> [[Elias II of Maine|Elias II, Count of Maine]] <br> [[Baldwin III of Jerusalem]] <br> [[Amalric I of Jerusalem]]\u000a| birth_date= 1089/92\u000a| birth_place= Angiers\u000a| death_date= 13 November 1143\u000a| death_place= [[Acre, Israel|Acre]], [[Kingdom of Jerusalem]], [[Outremer]], [[Levant]]\u000a| place of burial= [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre]] [[Jerusalem]]\u000a
+p181
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Louis VII\u000a|realm=france\u000a|image=Louis_VII_denier_Bourges_1137_1180.jpg\u000a|caption= Effigy of Louis VII, ''[[French denier|denier]]'', [[Bourges]]\u000a|succession=[[List of French monarchs|King of the Franks]]\u000a|reign=25 October 1131 \u2013 1 August 1137<br />1 August 1137 \u2013 18 September 1180\u000a|reign-type=[[Coronation#Coronation of heirs apparent|Junior king]]<br />Senior king\u000a|coronation=25 October 1131 in [[Reims Cathedral]]<small>(as junior king)</small><br />25 December 1137 in [[Bourges]]<small>(as king)</small>\u000a|cor-type=france\u000a|predecessor=[[Louis VI of France|Louis VI]]\u000a|successor=[[Philip II of France|Philip II Augustus]]\u000a|spouse=[[Eleanor of Aquitaine|Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine]]<br /> [[Constance of Castile (1141-1160)|Constance of Castile]]<br />[[Adèle of Champagne]]\u000a|issue= [[Marie of France, Countess of Champagne|Marie, Countess of Champagne]]<br />[[Alix of France|Alix, Countess of Blois]]<br />[[Marguerite of France (born 1158)|Margaret, Queen of Hungary]]<br />[[Alys, Countess of the Vexin]]<br />[[Philip II of France]]<br />[[Agnes of France (Byzantine empress)|Agnes, Byzantine Empress]]\u000a|house=[[House of Capet]]\u000a|house-type=House\u000a|royal anthem =\u000a|father=[[Louis VI of France]]\u000a|mother=[[Adélaide de Maurienne|Adélaide of Maurienne]]\u000a|birth_date=1120\u000a|birth_place=\u000a|death_date={{death date|df=yes|1180|9|18}} (aged 59\u201360)\u000a|death_place=[[Saint-Pont]], Allier\u000a|burial_place=[[Saint Denis Basilica]]\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p182
+aVInfobox royalty|consort= yes\u000a| name = Constance of Castile\u000a|succession= Queen consort of France\u000a| image = Constance Castile odLouise7.jpg\u000a| imgw = 160\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = 1154\u20131160\u000a| coronation =\u000a| spouse = [[Louis VII of France]]\u000a| issue = [[Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary|Margaret, Queen of Hungary]]<br>[[Alys, Countess of the Vexin]]\u000a| house = [[House of Burgundy]]\u000a| titles =\u000a| father = [[Alfonso VII of León and Castile]]\u000a| mother = [[Berenguela of Barcelona]]\u000a| birth_date = c 1140\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 4 October 1160\u000a| death_place =\u000a|burial_place=[[Basilica of St Denis]]\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p183
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Béla III\u000a| full name =\u000a| image =Bela3.jpg\u000a| caption =Bela III from the ''[[Illuminated Chronicle]]''\u000a| succession = [[King of Hungary]] and [[King of Croatia|Croatia]]\u000a| reign = 1172\u20131196\u000a| coronation = 13 January 1173\u000a| cor-type = hungary\u000a| predecessor = [[Stephen III of Hungary|Stephen III]]\u000a| successor = [[Emeric of Hungary|Emeric]]\u000a| spouse = [[Agnes of Antioch]] <br/> [[Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary|Margaret of France]]\u000a| issue = [[Emeric of Hungary]] <br/>[[Margaret of Hungary|Margaret, Byzantine Empress]] <br/> [[Andrew II of Hungary]] <br/> [[Constance of Hungary|Constance, Queen of Bohemia]]\u000a| house = [[Árpád dynasty]]\u000a| house-type=Dynasty\u000a| father = [[Géza II of Hungary]]\u000a| mother = [[Euphrosyne of Kiev]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa}} 1148\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 23 April {{Death year and age|1196|1148}}\u000a| death_place =\u000a| burial_place = [[Székesfehérvár Basilica]]<br/>reburied at [[Matthias Church]]\u000a| religion =[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]\u000a|
+p184
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Sancho VI\u000a| image = Sello de Sancho el Sabio.svg\u000a| caption = Incompletely preserved seal of Sancho VI, riding a horse and holding a sword and a lance, with a large Norman shield\u000a| noble family = [[House of Jiménez]]\u000a| father = [[García Ramírez of Navarre]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret of L'Aigle]]\u000a| spouse = [[Sancha of Castile, Queen of Navarre|Sancha of Castile]]\u000a| issue = [[Berengaria of Navarre|Berengaria of Navarre, Queen of England]]<br/>[[Sancho VII of Navarre]]<br/>[[Blanche of Navarre, Countess of Champagne]]<br/>Constance<br/>Fernando<br/>Theresa\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1132|4|21|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1194|6|27|1132|4|21|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_place = [[Pamplona Cathedral]]\u000a| signature =\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p185
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=William FitzRobert\u000a|image =William2ndEarl OfGloucester PresentsGreatCharter ToTewkesburyAbbey.JPG\u000a|caption=William Earl of Gloucester gives his great charter to [[Tewkesbury Abbey]]. ''Tewkesbury Abbey Founders Book'', [[Bodleian Library]], Oxford, made in Tewkesbury c.1500-1525. His [[tabard]] displays his [[attributed arms]] [[Quartering (heraldry)|quarterly]] 1st & 4th ''Gules three [[Clarion (heraldry)|clarions]] or''; 2nd & 3rd ''Azure, a [[Lions in heraldry|lion rampant guardant]] or'' an [[Escutcheon (heraldry)|inescutcheon]] ''Or, three chevrons gules''. These are forms of the attributed arms of [[Robert FitzHamon]] and actual arms of de Clare, Earls of Gloucester\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1116|11|23|df=y}}\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1183|11|23|1116|11|23|df=y}}\u000a|succession=[[Earl of Gloucester]]\u000a| reign=31 October 1147 \u2013 23 November 1183\u000a|predecessor=[[Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester|Sir Robert de Caen]]|\u000a|successor=[[John of England|John de Mortain]]\u000a|father=[[Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester|Sir Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester]]\u000a|mother=[[Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester]]\u000a|spouse=Hawise de Beaumont\u000a|issue=Robert FitzWilliam<br>Mabel FitzWilliam<br>Amice FitzWilliam<br>[[Isabel, Countess of Gloucester]]\u000a
+p186
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=William FitzRobert\u000a|image =William2ndEarl OfGloucester PresentsGreatCharter ToTewkesburyAbbey.JPG\u000a|caption=William Earl of Gloucester gives his great charter to [[Tewkesbury Abbey]]. ''Tewkesbury Abbey Founders Book'', [[Bodleian Library]], Oxford, made in Tewkesbury c.1500-1525. His [[tabard]] displays his [[attributed arms]] [[Quartering (heraldry)|quarterly]] 1st & 4th ''Gules three [[Clarion (heraldry)|clarions]] or''; 2nd & 3rd ''Azure, a [[Lions in heraldry|lion rampant guardant]] or'' an [[Escutcheon (heraldry)|inescutcheon]] ''Or, three chevrons gules''. These are forms of the attributed arms of [[Robert FitzHamon]] and actual arms of de Clare, Earls of Gloucester\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1116|11|23|df=y}}\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1183|11|23|1116|11|23|df=y}}\u000a|succession=[[Earl of Gloucester]]\u000a| reign=31 October 1147 \u2013 23 November 1183\u000a|predecessor=[[Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester|Sir Robert de Caen]]|\u000a|successor=[[John of England|John de Mortain]]\u000a|father=[[Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester|Sir Robert de Caen, 1st Earl of Gloucester]]\u000a|mother=[[Mabel FitzHamon of Gloucester]]\u000a|spouse=Hawise de Beaumont\u000a|issue=Robert FitzWilliam<br>Mabel FitzWilliam<br>Amice FitzWilliam<br>[[Isabel, Countess of Gloucester]]\u000a
+p187
+ag130
+aVInfobox Officeholder\u000a| honorific-prefix =\u000a| name =Hubert de Burgh\u000a| honorific-suffix =\u000a| image = File:Hubert de Burgh-Paris.jpg\u000a| smallimage =\u000a| caption =Hubert de Burgh seeking sanctuary in 1234, by Matthew Paris\u000a| order = \u000a| office = Chief Justiciar of England\u000a| term_start =1215\u000a| term_end =1232\u000a| deputy =\u000a| lieutenant =\u000a| monarch = [[John of England|John]]<br />[[Henry III of England|Henry III]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Peter des Roches]]\u000a| successor = [[Stephen Segrave]]\u000a| majority =\u000a| birth_date =c. 1160\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =before 5 May 1243\u000a| death_place =Banstead, Surrey\u000a| nationality =English\u000a| spouse =(1) Beatrice de Warrenne <br>(2) [[Isabel of Gloucester]]<br>(3) Princess Margaret of Scotland\u000a| relations =\u000a| children =John<br>Hubert<br>[[Margaret de Burgh|Margaret]]\u000a| residence =\u000a| occupation =[[Earl of Kent]]\u000a| religion =\u000a| signature =\u000a| website =\u000a| footnotes =\u000a
+p188
+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Alice of Courtenay\u000a|title ='''Countess of Angouleme'''<br>'''Countess of Joigny'''\u000a|spouse =Guillaume I, Count of Joigny<br>[[Aymer of Angouleme|Aymer Taillefer, Count of Angouleme]]\u000a|issue =[[Isabella of Angouleme]], Queen of England\u000a|noble family =[[Capetian House of Courtenay]]\u000a|birth_date =1160\u000a|birth_place =France\u000a|death_date =12 February 1218 (aged 57\u201358)\u000a|father =[[Peter I of Courtenay]]\u000a|mother =Elisabeth of Courtenay\u000a|
+p189
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Hugh X\u000a| image = Hugues le Brun.jpg\u000a| caption = Seal of Hugh X of Lusignan, showing him in hunting costume holding a small hunting dog behind the croup of his saddle, following the usual imagery in the seals of his family<ref>Seal of Hugues X de Lusignan dated 1224. Sceau équestre: le comte à cheval, en costume de chasse, le cor au cou et tenant à la main un petit chien posé sur la croupe du cheval. Legend: * SIGILL\u2019 : HVGONIS : DE : LEZINIACO : COMITIS : ENGOLISME; Revers. Écu burelé. Le champ à arabesques. Legend: + SIGILL\u2019 \u201c HVGONIS : DE : LEZINIACO : COMITIS : MARCHIE.). Douet d\u2019Arcq, ''Collection de Sceaux des Archives de l\u2019Empire'' 1, 1 (1863), 397\u2013398.</ref>\u000a| succession = [[County of La Marche|Count of La Marche]]\u000a| reign = 5 November 1219 \u2013 5 June 1249\u000a| birth_date = c. 1183/1195\u000a| death_date = {{death year and age|1249|1183}}/{{death year and age|1249|1195}}\u000a| house = [[House of Lusignan]]\u000a| father = [[Hugh IX of Lusignan]]\u000a| mother = [[Mathilde of Angoulême]]\u000a| spouse = [[Isabella of Angoulême|Isabel of Angoulême]]\u000a| issue = [[Hugh XI of Lusignan]]<br>[[Aymer de Valence (bishop)|Aymer de Lusignan]]<br>Agathe de Lusignan<br>[[Alice de Lusignan, Countess of Surrey]]<br>Guy de Lusignan<br>Geoffroi de Lusignan<br>[[William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke]]<br>Marguerite de Lusignan<br>[[Isabella of Lusignan]] \u000a
+p190
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = \u000a| name = Ramon Berenguer IV\u000a| image = Statue Raimond Bérenger IV.JPG\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| caption = \u000a| succession = [[Count of Provence]]\u000a| reign = 1209\u20131245\u000a| predecessor = [[Alfonso II, Count of Provence|Alfonso II]]\u000a| successor = [[Beatrice of Provence|Beatrice]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Count of Forcalquier]]\u000a| reign1 = 1217 or 1220\u20131245\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Garsenda, Countess of Forcalquier|Garsenda]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Beatrice of Provence|Beatrice]]\u000a| spouse = [[Beatrice of Savoy]]\u000a| issue = [[Margaret of Provence|Marguerite, Queen of France]] <br> [[Eleanor of Provence|Eleanor, Queen of England]] <br> [[Sanchia of Provence|Sanchia, Queen of the Romans (Germany)]] <br> [[Beatrice of Provence|Beatrice, Queen of Sicily]]\u000a| full name =\u000a| house = [[House of Barcelona]]\u000a| father = [[Alfonso II of Provence]]\u000a| mother = [[Garsenda, Countess of Forcalquier|Garsenda de Sabran]]\u000a| birth_date = 1198\u000a| birth_place = Unknown\u000a| death_date = 19 August 1245<br />(aged 50)\u000a| death_place = [[Aix-en-Provence]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Église Saint-Jean-de-Malte]]\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature =\u000a
+p191
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a|name=Beatrice of Savoy\u000a|succession=[[Countess of Provence]]\u000a|image=Beatrix4.jpg\u000a|caption=\u000a|reign=December 1220 \u2013 19 August 1245\u000a|spouse=[[Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence]]\u000a|issue=[[Margaret of Provence|Margaret, Queen of France]]<br>[[Eleanor of Provence|Eleanor, Queen of England]]<br>[[Sanchia of Provence|Sanchia, ''Queen of Germany'']]<br>[[Beatrice of Provence|Beatrice, Queen of Sicily]]<br>Raymond of Provence\u000a|house=[[House of Savoy]] (by birth)<br>[[House of Aragon]] (by marriage)\u000a|father=[[Thomas I of Savoy]]\u000a|mother=[[Margaret of Geneva]]\u000a|birth_date=1205\u000a|death_date=4 January 1267 (aged 61-62)\u000a|
+p192
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name =Ferdinand III\u000a| image = Fernando III de Castilla 02.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| caption = Ferdinand III in a 13th-century [[Miniature (illuminated manuscript)|miniature]]\u000a| succession = [[Kingdom of Castile|King of Castile]] and [[Kingdom of Toledo|Toledo]]\u000a| reign = 1217–1252\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor = [[Berengaria of Castile|Berengaria]]\u000a| successor = [[Alfonso X of Castile|Alfonso X]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Kingdom of León|King of León]] and [[Kingdom of Galicia|Galicia]]\u000a| reign1 = 1230–1252\u000a| coronation1 =\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Alfonso IX of León|Alfonso IX]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Alfonso X of Castile|Alfonso X]]\u000a| spouse = [[Elisabeth of Hohenstaufen]]<br />[[Joan, Countess of Ponthieu]]\u000a| issue =[[Alfonso X of Castile]]<br />[[Infante Frederick of Castile|Frederick]]<br /> [[Berengaria, Abbess of Las Huelgas]] <br/> [[Henry of Castile the Senator|Henry]]<br />[[Infante Philip of Castile|Philip, Archbishop of Seville]]<br>[[Infante Sancho of Castile|Sancho, Archbishop of Seville]]<br>[[Manuel of Castile]]<br />[[Eleanor of Castile|Eleanor, Queen of England]]\u000a| issue-link = #Family\u000a|issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Ivrea]]\u000a| father = [[Alfonso IX of León]]\u000a| mother = [[Berengaria of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = 1199 or 1201\u000a| birth_place = Monastery of Valparaíso, Peleas de Arriba, [[Kingdom of Castile]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1252|05|30|1201|08|05|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Seville]], [[Crown of Castile]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Seville Cathedral]], Seville, Spain\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p193
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Philip III the Bold\u000a|succession=[[List of French monarchs|King of France]] <small>[[Style of the French Sovereign#List of changes to the royal style|(more...)]]</small>\u000a|image=Miniature Philippe III Courronement.jpg\u000a|caption=Coronation of King Philip III\u000a|reign=25 August 1270 \u2013 5 October 1285\u000a|coronation=30 August 1271\u000a|cor-type=france\u000a|full name=\u000a|predecessor=[[Louis IX of France|Louis IX]]\u000a|successor=[[Philip IV of France|Philip IV]]\u000a|spouse=[[Isabella of Aragon, Queen of France|Isabella of Aragon]]<br /> [[Marie of Brabant, Queen of France|Maria of Brabant]]\u000a|issue=[[Louis of France (1264\u20131276)|Louis of France]]<br>[[Philip IV of France]]<br /> [[Charles, Count of Valois]]<br /> [[Louis, Count of Évreux]]<br />[[Blanche of France (1282\u20131305)|Blanche, Duchess of Austria]]<br /> [[Margaret of France (died 1318)|Margaret, Queen of England]]\u000a|house=[[House of Capet]]\u000a|father=[[Louis IX of France]]\u000a|mother=[[Margaret of Provence]]\u000a|birth_date={{Birth date|1245|4|30|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Poissy]]\u000a|death_date={{Death date and age|1285|10|5|1245|4|30|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=[[Perpignan]]\u000a|place of burial=Initially [[Narbonne]], later [[Saint Denis Basilica]]\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p194
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort = yes\u000a| name =Marie of Brabant\u000a|succession=[[Queen consort of France]]\u000a| image =MariaofBrabant.jpg\u000a| imgw= 150\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign =21 August 1274 \u2013 5 October 1285\u000a| coronation =\u000a| spouse =[[Philip III of France]]\u000a| issue = [[Louis d'Évreux]]<br>[[Blanche of France (1282\u20131305)|Blanche, Duchess of Austria]]<br>[[Margaret of France (died 1318)|Margaret, Queen of England]]\u000a| house = [[House of Brabant]]\u000a| othertitles =\u000a| father =[[Henry III, Duke of Brabant]]\u000a| mother =[[Adelaide of Burgundy (1233\u20131273)|Adelaide of Burgundy]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1254|5|13|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Leuven]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1321|1|12|1254|5|13|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Les Mureaux]], France\u000a| place of burial =[[Cordeliers Convent]], [[Paris]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p195
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name =Joan of Dammartin\u000a| image =\u000a| succession = Queen consort of [[List of Castilian consorts|Castile]] and [[List of Leonese consorts|León]]\u000a| reign =1237\u20131252\u000a| coronation =\u000a| succession1 =[[Count of Ponthieu|Countess of Ponthieu]]\u000a| reign1 =1251\u20131279\u000a| reign-type1 =Reign\u000a| predecessor1 =[[Marie, Countess of Ponthieu|Marie]]\u000a| successor1 =[[Eleanor of Castile|Eleanor]]\u000a| succession2 =[[Count of Aumale|Countess of Aumale]]\u000a| reign2 =1239\u20131279\u000a| reign-type2 =Reign\u000a| predecessor2 =[[Simon of Dammartin|Simon]]\u000a| successor2 =[[John I, Count of Aumale|John I]]\u000a| spouse =[[Ferdinand III of Castile]] <br/> Jean de Nesle, Seigneur de Falvy et de La Hérelle\u000a| issue =[[Ferdinand II, Count of Aumale]]<br />[[Eleanor of Castile|Eleanor, Queen of England]]<br/> Louis <br/> Simon <br/> John\u000a| issue-link = #Children\u000a| issue-pipe = among others\u000a| house = [[House of Dammartin]]\u000a| father =[[Simon of Dammartin|Simon, Count of Aumale]]\u000a| mother =[[Marie, Countess of Ponthieu]]\u000a| birth_date =[[birth date|1220]]\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date ={{Death date|1279|3|16|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Abbeville]]\u000a| place of burial=\u000a| religion =[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p196
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a|name=Philip the Fair \u000a|succession=[[List of French monarchs|King of France]]\u000a|succession1=[[King of Navarre]]; [[Count of Champagne]]<br><small>with [[Joan I of Navarre|Joan I]]\u000a|image=Filippoilbello.gif\u000a|caption=Philip IV of France \u000a|reign=5 October 1285 \u2013 29 November 1314\u000a|reign1=16 August 1284\u20134 April 1305\u000a|coronation=6 January 1286, [[Reims]]\u000a|cor-type=france\u000a|full name=\u000a|predecessor=[[Philip III of France|Philip III]]\u000a|successor=[[Louis X of France|Louis X]]\u000a|predecessor1=[[Joan I of Navarre|Joan I]]\u000a|successor1=[[Louis X of France|Louis X]]\u000a|spouse=[[Joan I of Navarre]]\u000a|issue=[[Louis X of France|Louis X, King of France]]<br /> [[Philip V of France|Philip V, King of France]]<br /> [[Charles IV of France|Charles IV, King of France]]<br /> [[Isabella of France|Isabella, Queen of England]]\u000a|house=[[House of Capet]]\u000a|royal anthem =\u000a|father=[[Philip III of France|Philip III, King of France]]\u000a|mother=[[Isabella of Aragon, Queen of France|Isabella of Aragon]]\u000a|birth_date=April\u2013June 1268\u000a|birth_place=[[Fontainebleau]], France\u000a|death_date={{Death date and age|1314|11|29|1268|1|5|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=Fontainebleau, France\u000a|burial_place=[[Saint Denis Basilica]]\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p197
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name= Joan I\u000a|succession= [[Queen of Navarre]]; [[Countess of Champagne]]\u000a|succession1=[[Queen consort of France]]\u000a|image= JanaNavarra BNf.jpg\u000a|caption= Drawing of Joan I\u000a|reign= 1274\u20131305\u000a|reign1=1285\u20131305\u000a|predecessor= [[Henry I of Navarre|Henry I]]\u000a|successor= [[Louis X of France|Louis I]]\u000a|spouse= [[Philip IV of France]]\u000a|issue= [[Louis X of France]]<br>[[Philip V of France]]<br>[[Charles IV of France]]<br>[[Isabella of France|Isabella, Queen of England]]\u000a|issue-link=#Children\u000a|issue-pipe=more...\u000a|house= [[House of Champagne]]\u000a|royal anthem =\u000a|father= [[Henry I of Navarre]]\u000a|mother= [[Blanche of Artois]]\u000a|birth_date= {{birth date|1273|1|14|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place= Bar-sur-Seine, France\u000a|death_date= {{death date and age|1305|4|2|1273|1|14|df=y}}\u000a|death_place= Chateau de Vincennes, France\u000a|place of burial= Paris\u000a|burial_place=\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p198
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name = Joan of Valois\u000a| title =Countess of Hainaut, Holland, and Zeeland\u000a| image =\u000a| coronation =\u000a| reign =1305\u20131337\u000a| spouse =[[William I, Count of Hainaut]]\u000a| issue =[[William II, Count of Hainaut]]<br>[[Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut]]<br>[[Philippa of Hainault|Philippa, Queen of England]]<br>[[Joanna of Hainaut|Joanna, Duchess of Jülich]]<br>Isabelle of Hainaut\u000a| house =[[House of Valois]]\u000a| anthem =\u000a| father =[[Charles of Valois]]\u000a| mother =[[Margaret, Countess of Anjou]]\u000a| birth_date = 1294\u000a| birth_place =[[Longpont]], [[Aisne]], France\u000a| death_date = 7 March 1342\u000a| death_place =[[Fontenelle]], [[Yonne]], France\u000a| buried =\u000a
+p199
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|monarch\u000a| name=Charles IV\u000a| image=Charles_IV-John_Ocko_votive_picture-fragment.jpg\u000a| imgw=180px\u000a| caption=\u000a| succession = [[King of Bohemia]]\u000a| reign=26 August 1346 \u2013 29 November 1378\u000a| predecessor = [[John of Bohemia|John]]\u000a| successor = [[Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia|Wenceslaus IV]]\u000a| coronation=2 September 1347, [[Prague]]\u000a| succession1 = [[King of the Romans]]\u000a| reign1 = 11 July 1346 \u2013 29 November 1378\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Louis IV]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia|Wenceslaus IV]]\u000a| coronation1 = 26 November 1346, [[Bonn]]\u000a| succession2 = [[Holy Roman Emperor]], [[King of Italy]]\u000a| reign2 = 6 January/5 April 1355 \u2013 29 November 1378\u000a| predecessor2 = [[Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Louis IV]]\u000a| successor2 = [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund I]]\u000a| coronation2 = 6 January 1355, [[Milan]] (Italian royal)<br>5 April 1355, [[Rome]] (imperial)\u000a| succession3 = [[King of Burgundy]]\u000a| reign3 = 4 June 1365\u201329 November 1378\u000a| predecessor3 =\u000a| successor3 = [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|Sigismund I]]\u000a| coronation3= 4 June 1365, [[Besançon]]\u000a| house=[[House of Luxembourg]]\u000a| spouse=[[Blanche of Valois]]<br>[[Anna of Bavaria]]<br>[[Anna von Schweidnitz]]<br>[[Elizabeth of Pomerania]]\u000a| issue=[[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor]]<br>[[Wenceslaus, King of the Romans]]<br>[[Margaret of Bohemia, Queen of Hungary|Margaret, Queen of Hungary]]<br>[[Catherine of Bohemia]]<br>[[Elisabeth of Bohemia (1358\u20131373)|Elisabeth, Duchess of Austria]]<br>[[Anne of Bohemia|Anne, Queen of England]]<br>[[Margaret of Bohemia, Burgravine of Nuremberg]]\u000a| house=[[House of Luxemburg]]\u000a| father=[[John of Bohemia]]\u000a| mother=[[Elisabeth of Bohemia (1292\u20131330)|Elisabeth of Bohemia]]\u000a| birth_date=14 May 1316\u000a| birth_place= [[Prague]]\u000a| death_date=29 November 1378 (aged 62)\u000a| death_place= [[Prague]]\u000a| place of burial= [[Prague]]\u000a| religion =[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p200
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a|succession=[[List of Holy Roman Empresses|Holy Roman Empress]]<br>[[List of German queens|Queen consort of Germany]] and [[List of Bohemian consorts|Bohemia]]\u000a|image=Eli\u0161ka Pomo\u0159anská.jpg\u000a|caption=Elisabeth of Pomerania\u000a|reign=1363\u20131376\u000a|spouse=[[Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a|issue=[[Anne of Bohemia|Anne, Queen of England]]<br>[[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor]]<br>[[John of Görlitz|John, Duke of Görlitz]]<br>[[Margaret of Bohemia (1373\u20131410)|Margaret, Burgravine of Nuremberg]]\u000a|house=[[House of Pomerania]]\u000a|father=[[Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania]]\u000a|mother=[[Elisabeth of Poland (1326-1361)|Elisabeth of Poland]]\u000a|birth_date=1347\u000a|death_date=15 April 1393 (aged 45\u201346)\u000a|death_place=[[Hradec Králové]], [[Czech Republic]]\u000a|place of burial = [[St. Vitus Cathedral]], [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]\u000a|
+p201
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a|name=Charles VI the Mad\u000a|succession=[[List of French monarchs|King of France]]\u000a|image=Carlo VI di Francia, Maestro di Boucicaut, codice Ms. Français 165 della Biblioteca Universitaria di Ginevra.jpg\u000a|caption=Charles VI of France by the painter<br>known as the [[Master of Boucicaut]] (1412).\u000a|reign=16 September 1380 \u2013 21 October 1422\u000a|coronation=4 November 1380\u000a|cor-type=france\u000a|predecessor=[[Charles V of France|Charles V]]\u000a|successor=[[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]]\u000a|spouse=[[Isabeau of Bavaria]]\u000a|issue=[[Isabella of Valois|Isabella, Queen of England]]<br />[[Joan of France, Duchess of Brittany|Joan, Duchess of Brittany]]<br />[[Marie of Valois, Prioress of Poissy|Marie, Prioress of Poissy]]<br>[[Michelle of Valois|Michelle, Duchess of Burgundy]]<br /> [[Louis, Dauphin of France, Duke of Guyenne|Louis, Dauphin of Viennois]]<br /> [[John, Dauphin of France, Duke of Touraine|John, Dauphin of Viennois]] <br /> [[Catherine of Valois|Catherine, Queen of England]]<br /> [[Charles VII of France]]\u000a| issue-link = #Marriage and issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a|house=[[House of Valois]]\u000a|father=[[Charles V of France]]\u000a|mother=[[Joan of Bourbon]]\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1368|12|3|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=Paris, France\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1422|10|21|1368|12|3|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=Paris, France\u000a|burial_place=[[Saint Denis Basilica]]\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p202
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a|succession=[[Queen consort of France]]\u000a| image = Isabeau de Baviere-smrt.jpg\u000a|image_size = 270px\u000a| caption = 15th-century [[Miniature (illuminated manuscript)|miniature]] showing Queen's Isabeau's 1435 funeral cortege on the [[Seine]], from the chronicle of [[Martial d'Auvergne]]\u000a| reign = 1385\u20131422\u000a| coronation = 23 August 1389\u000a| spouse =[[Charles VI of France]]\u000a| issue =[[Isabella of Valois|Isabella, Queen of England]]<br />[[Joan of France, Duchess of Brittany|Joan, Duchess of Brittany]]<br />[[Marie of Valois, Prioress of Poissy|Marie, Prioress of Poissy]]<br>[[Michelle of Valois|Michelle, Duchess of Burgundy]]<br /> [[Louis, Dauphin of France, Duke of Guyenne|Louis, Dauphin of Viennois]]<br /> [[John, Dauphin of France, Duke of Touraine|John, Dauphin of Viennois]] <br /> [[Catherine of Valois|Catherine, Queen of England]]<br /> [[Charles VII of France]]\u000a| issue-link = #Children\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house =[[House of Wittelsbach]]\u000a| father =[[Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria]]\u000a| mother =[[Taddea Visconti]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1370\u000a| death_date = 24 September {{death year and age|1435|1370}}\u000a| death_place = Paris\u000a| burial_place = [[Saint Denis Basilica]]\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p203
+aVInfobox royalty|name= Charles\u000a|succession=[[Duke of Orléans]]\u000a|image=Charles Ier d'Orléans.jpg\u000a|caption=\u000a|titles=The Duke of Orléans and Valois\u000a|full name=\u000a|predecessor=[[Louis I, Duke of Orléans|Louis I]]\u000a|successor=[[Louis XII of France|Louis II]]\u000a|spouse=[[Isabella of Valois]]<br>[[Bonne d'Armagnac]]<br> [[Marie of Cleves]]\u000a|issue=[[Joan of Valois, Duchess of Alençon|Joan, Duchess of Alençon]]<br>[[Marie of Orléans (1457\u20131493)|Marie, Viscountess of Narbonne]]<br> [[Louis XII of France]] <br>[[Anne of Orléans, Abbess of Fontevraud|Anne, Abbess of Fontevraud]]\u000a|house=[[House of Valois]]\u000a|father=[[Louis I, Duke of Orléans]]\u000a|mother=[[Valentina Visconti]]\u000a|birth_date={{Birth date|1394|11|24|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=Paris, France\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1465|1|5|1394|11|24|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=[[Amboise]]\u000a|place of burial=[[Saint Denis Basilica]], France\u000a
+p204
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| image = Charles Navarra.jpg\u000a| name = Charles II\u000a| succession = [[King of Navarre]]\u000a| reign = 6 October 1349 \u2013 1387\u000a| coronation = 27 June 1350<br>[[Cathedral of Pamplona]]\u000a| regent = [[Philip VI of France]] (1349\u20131350)<br>[[John II of France]] (1350\u20131352)\u000a| predecessor = [[Joan II of Navarre|Joan II]]\u000a| successor = [[Charles III of Navarre|Charles III]]\u000a| issue = Marie, Duchess of Gandia <br>[[Charles III of Navarre]]<br> Bonne of Navarre <br>[[:fr:Pierre de Navarre|Peter, Count of Mortain]]<br>[[Joan of Navarre, Queen of England|Joanna, Queen of England]]\u000a| spouse = [[Joan of Valois, Queen of Navarre|Joan of France]]\u000a| issue-link = #Marriage and children\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| father = [[Philip III of Navarre]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan II of Navarre]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1332|10|10|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Évreux]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1387|01|01|1332|10|10|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Pamplona]]\u000a| house = [[House of Évreux]]\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| burial_place = [[Pamplona Cathedral]]\u000a| signature =\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p205
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name = Joan of Valois\u000a| image = Jeanne Mantes la Jolie.jpg\u000a| caption = Queen Joan\u000a| succession = [[List of Navarrese consorts|Queen consort of Navarre]]\u000a| reign = 1352-1373\u000a| spouse = [[Charles II of Navarre]]\u000a| issue = [[Charles III of Navarre]]<br>[[Joan of Navarre, Queen of England|Joanna, Queen of England]]\u000a| issue-link = #Marriage\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Valois]]\u000a| father = [[John II of France]]\u000a| mother = [[Bonne of Luxembourg]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth_date|1343|6|24|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Châteauneuf-sur-Loire]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1373|11|3|1343|6|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Évreux]]\u000a| burial_date = \u000a| burial_place = [[Saint Denis Basilica]] \u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p206
+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility|type\u000a|name = Sir Owen Tudor\u000a|title = \u000a|image = \u000a|caption = \u000a|alt = \u000a|CoA = \u000a|more = no \u000a|spouse = [[Catherine of Valois]]\u000a|spouse-type = Spouse\u000a|issue = [[Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond]] <br> [[Jasper Tudor|Jasper Tudor, 1st Duke of Bedford]] <br> Edward Tudor <br> [?Margaret] Tudor <br> Sir David (or Davy) Owen\u000a|issue-link = \u000a|issue-pipe = \u000a|full name = Owen ap Maredudd ap Tudur\u000a|noble family = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a|house-type = Noble Family\u000a|father = [[Maredudd ap Tudur]]\u000a|mother = Margaret ferch Dafydd\u000a|birth_date = c. {{birth-date|1400}}\u000a|birth_place = \u000a|christening_date = \u000a|christening_place = \u000a|death_date = {{death-date and age|4 February 1461|1400}}\u000a|death_place = \u000a|burial_date = \u000a|burial_place = \u000a|occupation = \u000a
+p207
+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name = Lady Joan FitzAlan\u000a|title ='''Countess of Hereford'''<br>'''Countess of Essex'''<br>'''Countess of Northampton'''\u000a|spouse =[[Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford|Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford, 6th Earl of Essex and 2nd Earl of Northampton]]\u000a|issue =[[Eleanor de Bohun]]<br>[[Mary de Bohun]]\u000a|father =[[Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel]]\u000a|mother =[[Eleanor of Lancaster]]\u000a|birth_date =1347\u000a|birth_place =[[Arundel Castle]], Sussex, England\u000a|death_date =7 April 1419\u000a|noble family =[[FitzAlan (name)|FitzAlan]]\u000a|
+p208
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name = Prince Philip\u000a| title = [[Duke of Edinburgh]] ([[List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|more]])\u000a| image = Duke of Edinburgh 33 Allan Warren.jpg\u000a| caption= Photograph by [[Allan Warren]], 1992\u000a| spouse = [[Elizabeth II]] (m. 1947)\u000a| issue = [[Charles, Prince of Wales]]<br />[[Anne, Princess Royal]]<br />[[Prince Andrew, Duke of York]]<br />[[Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex]]\u000a| full name = Philip Mountbatten\u000a| house = [[House of Glücksburg|House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]]<ref name=scotsman>{{cite news| url=http://news.scotsman.com/uk/Prince-Philip-beats-the-record.5183865.jp | location=Edinburgh |work=The Scotsman |location=UK | first=David | last=Leask | title=Prince Philip beats the record for longest-serving consort | date=19 April 2009}}</ref>\u000a| father = [[Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Alice of Battenberg]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1921|06|10|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Mon Repos, Corfu|Mon Repos]], [[Corfu]], [[Kingdom of Greece|Greece]]\u000a| religion = [[Church of England]]<br />(''prev.'' [[Greek Orthodox Church]])\u000a| signature = Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh signature.png\u000a
+p209
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Victoria\u000a| title = [[Princess of Leiningen]]<br/> Duchess of Kent and Strathearn\u000a| image = Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld - Rothwell 1832.jpg\u000a| caption = \u000a| spouse = [[Emich Carl, 2nd Prince of Leiningen]]<br>[[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn]]\u000a| issue = [[Carl, 3rd Prince of Leiningen]]<br />[[Princess Feodora of Leiningen|Feodora, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]<br />[[Queen Victoria|Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom]]\u000a| full name = Marie Luise Victoire\u000a| house = [[House of Wettin]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[House of Leiningen]] <small>(by marriage)</small><br />[[House of Hanover]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| mother = [[Countess Augusta of Reuss-Ebersdorf]]\u000a| birth_date = 17 August 1786\u000a| birth_place = [[Coburg]], [[Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1861|3|16|1786|8|17|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Frogmore House]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a|
+p210
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Ælfgar\u000a| image = \u000a| imagesize = \u000a| caption = \u000a\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| reign = 1057 \u2013 c.1062\u000a| predecessor = [[Leofric, Earl of Mercia|Leofric]]\u000a| successor = [[Edwin, Earl of Mercia|Edwin]]\u000a\u000a| house = \u000a| spouse = Ælfgifu{{cnl|date=September 2014}}\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a* Burgheard\u000a* [[Edwin, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a* [[Morcar, Earl of Northumbria]]\u000a* [[Edith of Mercia|Eadgyth]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link =\u000a| issue-pipe = \u000a\u000a| father = [[Leofric, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| mother = [[Godiva|Godgifu]] (possibly)\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = c.1062\u000a| death_place = \u000a| place of burial = \u000a| religion = \u000a
+p211
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=René\u000a|title=Duke of Anjou; King of Naples\u000a|image=Renedesanjou.jpg\u000a|caption=René d'Anjou, King of Naples.\u000a|spouse=[[Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine]] <br> [[Jeanne de Laval]]\u000a|issue=[[John II, Duke of Lorraine]]<br>[[Louis of Anjou, Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson|Louis, Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson]]<br>[[Yolande de Bar]]<br>[[Margaret of Anjou|Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of England]]<br>Charles, Count of Guise<br>John, Bastard of Anjou<br>Jeanne Blanche<br>Madeleine, Countess of [[Montferrand]]{{dn|date=January 2014}}\u000a|house=[[House of Valois-Anjou]]\u000a|father=[[Louis II of Anjou]]\u000a|mother=[[Yolande of Aragon]]\u000a|birth_date={{Birth date|1409|1|19|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Castle of Angers]]\u000a|death_date={{Death date and age|1480|8|10|1409|1|16|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=[[Aix-en-Provence]]\u000a|place of burial=\u000a|
+p212
+aVInfobox royalty|Duke\u000a|name=Isabella\u000a|image=Ambito francese - Isabella di Lorena, regina di Napoli.jpg\u000a|caption=\u000a|succession=[[Duchess of Lorraine]]\u000a|reign=1431\u20131453\u000a|predecessor=[[Charles II, Duke of Lorraine|Charles II]]\u000a|successor=[[John II, Duke of Lorraine|John II]]\u000a|spouse=[[Rene of Anjou]]\u000a|issue=[[John II, Duke of Lorraine]]<br>René<br>[[Louis of Anjou, Marquis of Pont-à-Mousson|Louis of Anjou]]<br>Nicholas<br>[[Yolande de Bar]]<br>[[Margaret of Anjou|Margaret, Queen of England]]<br>Charles, Count of Guise\u000a|house=[[Dukes of Lorraine|Lorraine]]<br>[[House of Valois-Anjou]]\u000a|father=[[Charles II, Duke of Lorraine]]\u000a|mother=[[Margaret of the Palatinate]]\u000a|birth_date=1410\u000a|death_date= 28 February 1453 (aged 43)\u000a
+p213
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type =\u000a| consort =\u000a| name = Richard Woodville\u000a| native name =\u000a| title = Earl Rivers<br>Baron Rivers\u000a| titletext =\u000a| more =\u000a| image = Coat of Arms of Sir Richard Wydeville, 1st Earl Rivers, KG.png\u000a| image_size = 240px\u000a| caption = Quartered arms of Sir Richard Wydeville, 1st Earl Rivers, KG\u000a| succession =\u000a| moretext =\u000a| reign =\u000a| reign-type =\u000a| coronation =\u000a| cor-type =\u000a| predecessor =\u000a| pre-type =\u000a| regent =\u000a| reg-type =\u000a| successor =\u000a| suc-type =\u000a| spouse = [[Jacquetta of Luxembourg]]\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = [[Elizabeth Woodville|Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England]]<br>[[Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers]]<br>Margaret Woodville, Countess of Arundel<br>[[John Woodville]]<br>[[Catherine Woodville, Duchess of Buckingham and Bedford|Catherine Woodville, Duchess of Buckingham]]<br>[[Anne Woodville]], Viscountess Bourchier<br>Eleanor Woodville, Lady Grey<br>Jacquetta Woodville, Lady Strange<br>[[Mary Woodville|Mary Woodville, Countess of Pembroke]]<br>[[Edward Woodville]]<br>[[Lionel Woodville|Lionel Woodvile, Bishop of Salisbury]]<br>[[Richard Woodville, 3rd Earl Rivers]]<br>John Woodville<br>Lewis Woodville<br>Martha Woodville, lady Bromley\u000a| issue-link =\u000a| issue-pipe =\u000a| full name =\u000a| styles =\u000a| era name =\u000a| era dates =\u000a| posthumous name =\u000a| temple name =\u000a| house =\u000a| house-type =\u000a| anthem =\u000a| anthem-type =\u000a| father = [[Sir Richard Wydeville]]\u000a| mother = Joan Bedlisgate<ref>[http://www.thepeerage.com/p10292.htm#i102911 Peerage.com]</ref>\u000a| birth_date = 1405\u000a| birth_place = [[Maidstone]], [[Kent]]\u000a| date of christening =\u000a| place of christening =\u000a| christening-type =\u000a| death_date = 12 August {{death year and age|1469|1405}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kenilworth]], [[Warwickshire]]\u000a| date of burial =\u000a| place of burial =\u000a| occupation =\u000a| signature =\u000a| religion = Catholic\u000a
+p214
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = Duchess of Bedford<br>Countess Rivers\u000a| spouse = [[John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford]]<br />[[Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers]]\u000a| issue = [[Elizabeth Woodville|Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England]]<Br />Louis Woodville<Br />[[Anne Woodville|Anne Woodville, Viscountess Bourchier]]<br />[[Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers]]<br />[[Mary Woodville|Mary Woodville, Countess of Pembroke]]<br />Jacquetta Woodville, Lady Strange<br />[[John Woodville|Sir John Woodville]]<br />[[Richard Woodville, 3rd Earl Rivers]]<br />Martha Woodville, Lady Bromley<br />Eleanor Woodville, Lady Grey<br />[[Lionel Woodville|Lionel Woodville, Bishop of Salisbury]]<br />Margaret Woodville, Countess of Arundel<br />[[Edward Woodville, Lord Scales|Sir Edward Woodville]]<br />[[Catherine Woodville, Duchess of Buckingham and Bedford]]\u000a| father = [[Peter of Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol|Peter I, Count of St Pol, Conversano and Brienne]]\u000a| mother = [[Margherita del Balzo]]\u000a| house = [[House of Luxembourg]]\u000a| birth_date = 1415/1416\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1472|5|30|df=y}} (aged 55\u201357)\u000a
+p215
+aVInfobox person\u000a| name = Sir John Grey of Groby\u000a| image = Grey.svg\u000a| caption = Arms of Grey: ''Barry of six argent and azure''\u000a| spouse = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| children = [[Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset]]<br>[[Richard Grey]]\u000a| parents = [[Elizabeth Ferrers, 6th Baroness Ferrers of Groby]]<br>[[Edward Grey, 6th Baron Ferrers of Groby]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1432\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1461|2|7|df=yes}} (aged about 29)\u000a| death_place = [[St Albans]], [[Hertfordshire]]\u000a| place of burial = \u000a
+p216
+aVInfobox Peer\u000a|name = The Earl of Warwick\u000a|image = Richard Neville.jpg\u000a|image_size =\u000a|caption = Warwick, from the ''[[John Rous (historian)|Rous Roll]]''.\u000a|birth_name =\u000a|birth_date = {{birth date|1428|11|22|df=yes}}\u000a|birth_place =\u000a|death_date = {{death date and age|1471|04|14|1428|11|22|df=yes}}\u000a|death_place = [[Chipping Barnet|Barnet]], Hertfordshire\u000a|death_cause = Slain in battle\u000a|body_discovered =\u000a|resting_place = [[Bisham Abbey]], Berkshire\u000a|resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->\u000a|title = 16th Earl of Warwick\u000a|tenure = 1449\u20131471\u000a|other_titles = 6th Earl of Salisbury\u000a|residence = [[Middleham Castle]], ''et al.''\u000a|nationality = English\u000a|locality = [[Warwickshire]], [[Yorkshire]]\u000a|other_names = Warwick the Kingmaker\u000a|years_active = c. 1449\u20131471\u000a|wars_and_battles = [[Wars of the Roses]]<br>\u2022 [[First Battle of St Albans]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Blore Heath]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Ludford Bridge]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Northampton (1460)|Battle of Northampton]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Wakefield]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Mortimer's Cross]]<br>\u2022 [[Second Battle of St Albans]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Ferrybridge]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Edgecote Moor]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Towton]]<br>\u2022 [[Battle of Barnet]]\u000a|offices = [[Captain of Calais]]<br>Admiral of England<br>Steward of the [[Duchy of Lancaster]]\u000a|networth = c. £7,000 at death<ref>Hicks (1991), pp. 339, 356\u20138</ref>\u000a|known_for = Party to the [[Wars of the Roses]]\u000a|predecessor = [[Anne de Beauchamp, 15th Countess of Warwick]]\u000a|successor = [[Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick]]\u000a|spouse = [[Anne Neville, 16th Countess of Warwick]]\u000a|issue = [[Isabella Plantagenet, Duchess of Clarence|Isabella, Duchess of Clarence]]<br>[[Anne Neville|Anne, Queen of England]]\u000a|parents = [[Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury]]<br>[[Alice Montagu, 5th Countess of Salisbury]]\u000a|signature = Signature of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick.jpg\u000a|footnotes =\u000a|misc =\u000a
+p217
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name = Lady Anne Beauchamp\u000a|image = \u000a|image_size = \u000a|caption =\u000a|title = [[suo jure]] '''Countess of Warwick'''<br>'''Countess of Salisbury''' \u000a|birth_name = Lady Anne Beauchamp\u000a|birth_date = {{birth date|1426|07|13|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place = \u000a|death_date = {{death date and age|1492|09|20|1426|07|13|df=y}}\u000a|spouse = [[Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick]]\u000a|issue = [[Isabel Neville|Isabel Neville, Duchess of Clarence]]<br>[[Anne Neville|Anne Neville, Queen consort of England]]\u000a|father = [[Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick]]\u000a|mother = [[Isabel le Despenser, Countess of Worcester and Warwick]]
+p218
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward of Lancaster\u000a| title = [[Prince of Wales]]\u000a| image = Edward of Westminster.jpg\u000a| caption = An 18th-century engraving of Edward.\u000a| house = [[House of Lancaster]]\u000a| spouse = [[Anne Neville]]\u000a| father = [[Henry VI of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret of Anjou]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth-date|13 October 1453}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Palace of Westminster]], [[London]], England\u000a| death_date = {{death-date and age|4 May 1471|13 October 1453}}\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Tewkesbury]]\u000a| burial_place = [[Tewkesbury Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p219
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Ferdinand the Catholic\u000a| image = [[File:Michel Sittow 004.jpg|231px]]\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Michael Sittow]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Crown of Aragon|King of Aragon]]\u000a| reign1 = 20 January 1479 \u2013 <br /> 23 January 1516\u000a| coronation1 =\u000a| predecessor1 = [[John II of Aragon|John II]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Joanna of Castile|Joanna]] and [[Charles I of Spain|Charles I]]\u000a| succession = [[Crown of Castile|King consort of Castile and León]]\u000a| reign = 11 December 1474 \u2013 <br /> 26 November 1504\u000a| predecessor = [[Isabella I of Castile|Isabella I]]\u000a| successor = [[Joanna of Castile|Joanna]]\u000a| reg-type = Co-monarch\u000a| regent = [[Isabella I of Castile|Isabella I]]\u000a| spouse = {{plainlist|\u000a* [[Isabella I of Castile]]\u000a* [[Germaine of Foix]]}}\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = {{plainlist|\u000a* [[Isabella, Princess of Asturias (1470\u20131498)|Isabella, Queen of Portugal]]\u000a* [[John, Prince of Asturias]]\u000a* [[Joanna of Castile|Joanna, Queen of Aragon and Castile]]\u000a* [[Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal|Maria, Queen of Portugal]]\u000a* [[Catherine of Aragon|Catherine, Queen of England]]}}\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Trastámara]]\u000a| father = [[John II of Aragon]]\u000a| mother = [[Juana Enríquez]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1452|03|10|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Sos del Rey Católico]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1516|01|23|1452|03|10}}\u000a| death_place = [[Madrigalejo]], Extremadura\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Capilla Real de Granada|Capilla Real]], [[Granada]], Spain\u000a| signature = Fernando firma.jpg\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p220
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a'''| name = Isabella the Catholic\u000a'''| image = [[File:Isabel la Católica-2.jpg|225px]]\u000a| caption = \u000a| succession = [[List of Castilian monarchs|Queen of Castile]] [[List of Leonese monarchs|and León]]\u000a| reign = 11 December 1474 \u2013 <br/> 26 November 1504\u000a| coronation = 13 December 1474\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry IV of Castile|Henry IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Joanna of Castile|Joanna I]]\u000a| reg-type = Co-monarch\u000a| regent = [[Ferdinand II of Aragon|Ferdinand V]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of Aragonese consorts|Queen consort of Aragon]]\u000a| reign1 = 20 January 1479 \u2013 <br/> 26 November 1504\u000a| reign-type1 = Tenure\u000a| spouse = [[Ferdinand II of Aragon|Ferdinand II, King of Aragon]]\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = [[Isabella, Princess of Asturias (1470\u20131498)|Isabella, Queen of Portugal]]<br>[[John, Prince of Asturias]]<br>[[Joanna of Castile|Joanna, Queen of Castile and Aragon]]<br> [[Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal|Maria, Queen of Portugal]]<br>[[Catherine of Aragon|Catherine, Queen of England]]\u000a| issue-link = #Family\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Trastámara]]\u000a| father = [[John II of Castile|John II, King of Castile]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of Portugal, Queen of Castile|Isabella of Portugal]]\u000a| birth_date = 22 April 1451\u000a| birth_place = [[Madrigal de las Altas Torres]], Spain\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1504|11|26|1451|4|22|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Medina del Campo]], Spain\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Capilla Real de Granada|Capilla Real]], [[Granada]], Spain\u000a| signature = Isabella I of Castile Signature.svg\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p221
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Arthur\u000a| title = Prince of Wales\u000a| image = Arthur Prince of Wales c 1500.jpg\u000a| caption = Anonymous portrait, c. 1501\u000a| spouse = [[Catherine of Aragon]]<br />m. 1501; wid. 1502\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Henry VII of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1486|9|20|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Winchester Cathedral Priory]], [[Winchester]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1502|4|2|1486|9|20|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Ludlow Castle]], [[Shropshire]]\u000a| burial_date = 25 April 1502\u000a| place of burial = [[Worcester Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p222
+aVInfobox officeholder\u000a|honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]\u000a|name = The Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond\u000a|honorific-suffix = [[Order of the Garter|KG]] [[Order of the Bath|KB]]\u000a|image = Thomas-Boleyn.JPG\u000a|imagesize = 243px\u000a|caption = The image is disputed; while it is traditionally held to be a likeness of Thomas Boleyn, historian [[David Starkey]] believes it is actually that of his cousin, [[James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond]] <ref>{{harvnb|Starkey|1981|pp=300\u2013301, 303}}</ref>\u000a|order = [[Lord Privy Seal]]\u000a|office =\u000a|term_start = 1530\u000a|term_end = 1536\u000a|monarch = [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]\u000a|predecessor = [[Cuthbert Tunstall]]\u000a|successor = [[Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex|Sir Thomas Cromwell]]\u000a|order2 = [[Treasurer of the Household]]\u000a|term_start2 = 1521\u000a|term_end2 = 1525\u000a|monarch2 = [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]\u000a|predecessor2 = [[Edward Poynings|Sir Edward Poynings]]\u000a|successor2 = [[William FitzWilliam, 1st Earl of Southampton|Sir William FitzWilliam]]\u000a|birth_date = ca. 1477\u000a|birth_place = [[Hever Castle]]<br/>[[Hever, Kent|Hever]], [[Kent]]<br/>[[Kingdom of England]]\u000a|death_date = 12 March {{death year and age|1539|1477}}\u000a|death_place =\u000a|restingplace = St. Peter's Church<br/>[[Hever, Kent|Hever]], [[Kent]]<br/>[[United Kingdom]]\u000a|restingplacecoordinates = {{Coord|51.1838|0.1113|type:landmark_region:GB-KEN|format=dms|display=inline|name=St. Peter's Church, Hever}}\u000a|birthname = Thomas Boleyn\u000a|nationality = [[English people|English]]\u000a|spouse = [[Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire|Lady Elizabeth Howard]]\u000a|relations = [[William Boleyn|Sir William Boleyn]]<small> (Father)<br></small>[[Lady Margaret Butler]]<small> (Mother)</small>\u000a|children = [[Mary Boleyn|Mary, Lady Stafford ]]<br>[[Anne Boleyn|Anne, Queen of England]]<br>[[George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford]]\u000a|residence = [[Hever Castle]]\u000a|alma_mater =\u000a|occupation = [[Diplomat]], [[Politician]]\u000a|profession =\u000a|religion =\u000a|signature =\u000a|signature_alt =\u000a|website =\u000a|footnotes =\u000a
+p223
+aVInfobox nobility|Countess\u000a| name = Elizabeth Boleyn\u000a| title = Countess of Wiltshire<br>Countess of Ormond<br>Viscountess Rochford\u000a| image =\u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption = \u000a| spouse = [[Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire]]\u000a| full name =\u000a| noble family = [[House of Howard|Howard]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[Boleyn family|Boleyn]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Tilney]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1480\u000a| death_date = 3 April {{death year and age|1538|1480}}\u000a| issue = [[Mary Boleyn]]<br>[[Anne Boleyn]]<br>[[George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford]]\u000a| burial_place = [[Garden Museum|St. Mary's Church, Lambeth]]\u000a| resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|51.4950|-0.1202|type:landmark_region:GB-LBH|display=inline}}\u000a
+p224
+aVInfobox person\u000a| honorific_prefix = \u000a| name = Sir John Seymour\u000a| honorific_suffix = [[Knight banneret]]\u000a| image = SeymourArms.JPG\u000a| image_size = 243px\u000a| alt = \u000a| caption = Arms of Seymour: ''Gules, two wings conjoined in lure or''\u000a| birth_name = John Seymour\u000a| birth_date = c. 1474\u000a| baptism_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1536|12|21|1474|00|00}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a| death_cause = \u000a| body_discovered = \u000a| resting_place = [[Church of St Mary, Great Bedwyn]]\u000a| resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|51.3769|-1.6026|type:landmark_region:GB-WIL|display=inline}}\u000a| monuments = \u000a| residence = \u000a| nationality = \u000a| occupation = [[England|English]] [[courtier]]\u000a| years_active = \u000a| known_for = Father of [[Jane Seymour]], [[Queen consort]] of [[Henry VIII of England]]\u000a| religion = <!-- Religion should be supported with a citation from a reliable source -->\u000a| spouse = [[Margery Wentworth]]\u000a| children = John Seymour<br>[[Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset]]<br>[[Henry Seymour (16th-century MP)|Sir Henry Seymour]]<br>[[Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley]]<br>John Seymour<br>Anthony Seymour<br> [[Jane Seymour]]<br>[[Elizabeth Seymour, Lady Cromwell]]<br>Margery Seymour<br>Dorothy Seymour<br />John Seymour (illegitimate){{sfn|MacLean|1887|p=[https://archive.org/stream/transactionsbris12bris#page/152/mode/2up 152]}}\u000a| parents = [[John Seymour (died 1491)|John Seymour]]<br />Elizabeth Darrell\u000a| signature = \u000a| signature_alt = \u000a| signature_size = \u000a| footnotes = \u000a| box_width = \u000a
+p225
+aVInfobox person\u000a| honorific_prefix = \u000a| name = Margery Wentworth\u000a| honorific_suffix = \u000a| image = \u000a| image_size = \u000a| alt = \u000a| caption = \u000a| birth_name = \u000a| birth_date = c. 1478\u000a| baptism_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1550|10|18|1478|00|00}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a| death_cause = \u000a| body_discovered = \u000a| resting_place = \u000a| resting_place_coordinates = \u000a| monuments = \u000a| residence = [[Wulfhall]], [[Wiltshire]]\u000a| nationality = [[England|English]]\u000a| occupation = Wife of Sir John Seymour\u000a| known_for = \u000a| style = \u000a| home_town = \u000a| title = Lady Seymour\u000a| term = \u000a| religion = <!-- Religion should be supported with a citation from a reliable source -->\u000a| spouse = [[John Seymour (1474\u20131536)|Sir John Seymour]]\u000a| children = John Seymour<br>[[Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset]]<br>[[Henry Seymour (16th-century MP)|Sir Henry Seymour]]<br>[[Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley]]<br>John Seymour<br>Anthony Seymour<br> [[Jane Seymour]]<br>[[Elizabeth Seymour, Lady Cromwell]]<br>Margery Seymour<br>Dorothy Seymour\u000a| parents = Sir [[Henry Wentworth]]<br />Anne Say\u000a| signature = \u000a| signature_alt = \u000a| signature_size = \u000a| footnotes = \u000a| box_width = \u000a
+p226
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Lord Edmund Howard\u000a| image = Jorg Breu Sr Tournament.jpg\u000a| caption = Tournament scene, [[Jörg Breu the Elder]] c. 1510-1515\u000a| spouse = [[Jocasta Culpeper|Joyce Culpeper]]<br>Dorothy Troyes<br>Margaret Munday\u000a| issue = Henry Howard<br>[[Charles Howard (courtier)|Sir Charles Howard]]<br>[[Sir George Howard (courtier)|Sir George Howard]]<br>[[Catherine Howard|Catherine, Queen of England]]<br>Margaret Howard<br>Mary, Lady Trafford\u000a| father = [[Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Tilney]]\u000a| birth_date = c.1478\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 19 March 1539\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_place = \u000a|
+p227
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Joyce Culpeper\u000a| image = Oxon_Hoath.jpg\u000a| caption = [[Oxon Hoath]], enlarged from the original manor house built by the Culpeper family\u000a| spouse = Ralph Leigh<br>[[Lord Edmund Howard]]\u000a| issue = Sir John Leigh<br>Ralph Leigh<br>[[Isabel Leigh]]<br>Joyce Leigh<br>Margaret Leigh<br>Henry Howard<br>[[Charles Howard (courtier)|Sir Charles Howard]]<br>[[Sir George Howard (courtier)|Sir George Howard]]<br>Margaret Howard<br>[[Catherine Howard|Queen Catherine Howard]]<br>Mary Howard\u000a| father = Sir Richard Culpeper\u000a| mother = Isabel Worsley\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = c. 1531\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_place = \u000a|
+p228
+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Maud Green\u000a|title ='''Lady Parr'''\u000a|birth_date =6 April 1492\u000a|birth_place =[[Northamptonshire]], England\u000a|death_date =1 December 1531 (aged 39) \u000a|place of burial =[[Blackfriars, London|Blackfriars Church]], London, England\u000a|spouse =[[Sir Thomas Parr]]\u000a|issue =[[Catherine Parr|Catherine Parr, Queen of England and Ireland]]<br>[[William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton]]<br>[[Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke]]\u000a|father =[[Sir Thomas Green]]\u000a|mother =Joan Fogge\u000a|
+p229
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Sir Edward Burgh\u000a|image =\u000a|image_size =\u000a|caption =\u000a|title =Justice of the Peace\u000a|birth_date =\u000a|birth_place=\u000a|death_date =b. April 1533\u000a|death_place =[[Gainsborough, Lincolnshire|Gainsborough]], [[Lincolnshire]], England\u000a|place of burial =[[Gainsborough, Lincolnshire|Gainsborough]], [[Lincolnshire]], England\u000a|spouse =[[Catherine Parr]]\u000a|spouse2 =\u000a|issue =\u000a|father =[[Thomas Burgh, 1st Baron Burgh]]\u000a|mother =Agnes Tyrwhitt\u000a|
+p230
+aVInfobox nobility|\u000a| name = John Neville, 3rd Baron Latimer\u000a| image = Snape_Castle.jpg\u000a| caption = Snape Castle, seat of the Barons Latimer\u000a| spouse = Dorothy de Vere<br>Elizabeth Musgrave<br>[[Catherine Parr]]\u000a| issue = [[John Neville, 4th Baron Latimer]]<br>Margaret Neville\u000a| noble family = [[House of Neville]]\u000a| father = [[Richard Neville, 2nd Baron Latimer]]\u000a| mother = Anne Stafford\u000a| birth_date = 17 November 1493\u000a| death_date = 2 March 1543\u000a|
+p231
+aVInfobox noble|Baron\u000a| name = Thomas Seymour\u000a| title = [[Baron Seymour of Sudeley]]\u000a| image = Thomas Seymour Denizot.jpg\u000a| imgw = 250px\u000a| caption = Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley, [[Nicolas Denisot]]\u000a| alt = \u000a| CoA = \u000a| more = no \u000a| succession = \u000a| reign = \u000a| reign-type = \u000a| predecessor = \u000a| successor = \u000a| suc-type = \u000a| spouse = [[Catherine Parr]]\u000a| issue = [[Mary Seymour]]\u000a| issue-link = \u000a| issue-pipe = \u000a| full name = \u000a| styles = \u000a| titles = \u000a| noble family = [[Seymour family|Seymour]]\u000a| house-type = \u000a| father = [[John Seymour (1474\u20131536)|Sir John Seymour]]<br />[[Margery Wentworth]]\u000a| mother = \u000a| birth_date = c. 1508\u000a| birth_place = [[Wulfhall]], [[Wiltshire]]\u000a| christening_date = \u000a| christening_place = \u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1549|03|20|1508|00|00|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Tower Hill]], [[London]]\u000a| burial_date = \u000a| burial_place = [[St. Peter ad Vincula (London)|Chapel Royal of St. Peter ad Vincula]], [[Tower of London]]\u000a|resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|51.508611|-0.076944|type:landmark_region:GB |display=inline}}\u000a| religion = \u000a| occupation = \u000a| memorials = \u000a
+p232
+aVInfobox Peer\u000a|name =John Dudley\u000a|image =John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland.png\u000a|image_size =250px\u000a|caption =\u000a|birth_name =\u000a|birth_date =1504\u000a|birth_place =London\u000a|death_date =22 August {{Death year and age|df=yes|1553|1504}}\u000a|death_place =[[Tower Hill]], London\u000a|death_cause =[[Decapitation]]\u000a|body_discovered =\u000a|resting_place =[[Church of St Peter ad Vincula|Chapel Royal of St. Peter ad Vincula]], [[Tower of London]]\u000a|resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|51|30|31|N|0|4|37|W |type:landmark_region:GB |display=inline,title}}\u000a|title =[[Duke of Northumberland]]\u000a|tenure =1551\u20131553\u000a|other_titles =[[Viscount Lisle]]<br>[[Earl of Warwick]]\u000a|other_names =\u000a|known_for =''De facto'' ruling England, 1550–1553\u000a|years_active =\u000a|nationality =English\u000a|residence =[[Ely Place]], London<br>[[Durham House (London)|Durham House]], London<br>[[Dudley Castle]], West Midlands\u000a|locality =[[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]]\u000a|networth =\u000a|wars_and_battles =Invasion of France, 1523<br>[[The Rough Wooing]]<br>Siege of [[Boulogne]], 1544<br>[[Battle of the Solent]]<br>[[Battle of Pinkie]]<br>[[Kett's Rebellion]]<br>Campaign against [[Mary I of England|Mary Tudor]], 1553\u000a|offices =Vice-Admiral<br>[[Lord Admiral]]<br>Governor of [[Boulogne]]<br>[[Lord Great Chamberlain]]<br>[[Lord Steward|Grand Master of the Royal Household]]<br>[[Lord President of the Council]]<br>Warden General of the Scottish Marches<br>[[Earl Marshal of England]]\u000a|predecessor =\u000a|heir =\u000a|successor =\u000a|spouse =[[Jane Dudley, Duchess of Northumberland|Jane Guildford]]\u000a|issue =Sir Henry Dudley<br>Thomas Dudley (died as a child)<br>[[John Dudley, 2nd Earl of Warwick]]<br>[[Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick]]<br>[[Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester]]<br>[[Guildford Dudley]]<br>Henry Dudley<br>Charles Dudley (died as a child)<br>[[Mary Dudley, Lady Sidney|Mary Sidney]]<br>[[Katherine Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon]]<br>Temperance Dudley (died as a child)<br>Margaret Dudley (died as a child)<br>Katherine Dudley (died as a child)\u000a|parents =[[Edmund Dudley]]<br>[[Elizabeth Grey, 6th Baroness Lisle]]\u000a|signature =Dudley, John signature.GIF\u000a|footnotes =\u000a|misc =\u000a
+p233
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Jane Dudley\u000a|image =\u000a|image_size =\u000a|caption =\u000a|title ='''Duchess of Northumberland'''<br>'''Countess of Warwick'''<br>'''Viscountess Lisle'''\u000a|birth_date=1508/1509\u000a|birth_place=[[Kent]]\u000a|death_date =15 or 22 January 1555 (aged 46)\u000a|death_place=[[Chelsea, London]]\u000a|place of burial=[[Chelsea Old Church]]\u000a|noble family =\u000a|father =[[Edward Guilford|Sir Edward Guildford]]\u000a|mother =Eleanor West\u000a|spouse =[[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland]]\u000a|issue =Sir Henry Dudley<br>Thomas Dudley (died as a child)<br>[[John Dudley, 2nd Earl of Warwick]]<br>[[Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick]]<br>[[Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester]]<br>[[Guildford Dudley]]<br>Henry Dudley<br>Charles Dudley (died as a child)<br>[[Mary Dudley, Lady Sidney|Mary Sidney]]<br>[[Katherine Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon]]<br>Temperance Dudley (died as a child)<br>Margaret Dudley (died as a child)<br>Katherine Dudley (died as a child)
+p234
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name =Charles V\u000a|image =Titian - Portrait of Charles V Seated - WGA22964.jpg\u000a|caption =Charles V by [[Titian]], 1548. [[Alte Pinakothek]], Munich, Germany\u000a|reign =28 June 1519 \u2013 27 August 1556<ref>Date of Charles's abdication; on 24 February 1558, the college of electors assembled at Frankfort accepted the instrument of Charles V's imperial resignation and declared the election of Ferdinand as emperor [http://books.google.es/books?id=DUwLAAAAIAAJ&lpg=PA716&dq=&pg=PA716#v=onepage&q=&f=false] [http://books.google.es/books?id=nPwQAAAAIAAJ&dq=&lr&as_brr=3&pg=PA182#v=onepage&q=&f=false]</ref>\u000a|coronation = 26 October 1520 {{small|(Germany)}}<br>22 February 1530 {{small|(Italy)}}<br>24 February 1530 {{small|(imperial)}}\u000a|succession =[[Holy Roman Emperor]];<br>[[List of German monarchs|King of Germany]];<br>[[King of Italy]]\u000a|predecessor =[[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I]]\u000a|successor =[[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I]]\u000a|succession1 = [[King of Spain]]<br>{{small|(alongside [[Joanna of Castile|Joanna]] until 1555)}}\u000a|reign1 ={{nowrap|23 January 1516 \u2013 16 January 1556}} \u000a|predecessor1 =[[Joanna of Castile|Joanna]] and [[Ferdinand II of Aragon|Ferdinand II]]\u000a|successor1 =[[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]]\u000a|succession2 =[[Seventeen Provinces|Lord of the Netherlands]]; <br>[[List of counts of Burgundy|Count Palatine of Burgundy]]\u000a|reign2 =25 September 1506 \u2013<br> 25 October 1555<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.es/books?id=idjdQOYlK-4C&lpg=PA39&dq=&lr&as_brr=3&pg=PA39#v=onepage&q=&f=true |title=Abdication of Brussels |publisher=Books.google.es |accessdate=8 June 2012}}</ref>\u000a|predecessor2 =[[Philip I of Castile|Philip IV]]\u000a|successor2 =[[Philip II of Spain|Philip V]]\u000a|spouse =[[Isabella of Portugal]]\u000a|issue =[[Philip II of Spain]]<br />[[Maria of Spain|Maria, Holy Roman Empress]]<br />[[Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal|Joanna, Princess of Portugal]]<br />[[John of Austria]] ([[illegitimate]])<br />[[Margaret of Parma|Margaret, Duchess of Parma]] ([[illegitimate]])\u000a|house =[[House of Habsburg]]\u000a|father =[[Philip I of Castile]]\u000a|mother =[[Joanna of Castile]]\u000a|birth_date =24 February 1500\u000a|birth_place =[[Ghent]], Flanders\u000a|death_date =21 September 1558 (aged 58)\u000a|death_place =[[Monastery of Yuste|Yuste]], Spain\u000a|place of burial=[[El Escorial]], [[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], Spain\u000a|religion =[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|signature =Firma_Emperador_Carlos_V.svg\u000a|death_cause = black plague\u000a
+p235
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name = Isabella of Portugal\u000a| image =Isabella of Portugal by Titian.jpg\u000a| caption = [[Titian]], ''[[Portrait of Isabella of Portugal]]'', 1548\u000a| coronation =\u000a| succession =[[Holy Roman Empress]];<br>[[German Queen]]; [[List of Spanish consorts|Queen of Spain]] and [[Queen of Italy|Italy]]\u000a| reign =10 March 1526 \u2013 1 May 1539 \u000a| spouse =[[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| issue =[[Philip II of Spain]]<br>[[Maria of Spain|Maria, Holy Roman Empress]]<br>[[Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal|Joanna, Princess of Portugal]]\u000a| house =[[House of Aviz]]\u000a| father =[[Manuel I of Portugal]]\u000a| mother =[[Maria of Aragon and Castile|Maria of Aragon]]\u000a| birth_date =24 October 1503\u000a| birth_place =[[Lisbon]], Portugal\u000a| death_date = 1 May 1539 (aged 35)\u000a| death_place =[[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]], Spain\u000a| place of burial =[[El Escorial]]\u000a| religion =[[Roman Catholic]]ism\u000a| signature = Isabel de Avis.jpg\u000a
+p236
+aVInfobox royalty|princess\u000a| name = Maria Manuela\u000a| title = [[Princess of Portugal]], [[Princess of Asturias]]\u000a| image = Reina Maria de Portugal.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Juan Pantoja de la Cruz]]\u000a| spouse = [[Philip II of Spain|Philip, Prince of Asturias]]\u000a| issue = [[Carlos, Prince of Asturias]]\u000a| house = [[House of Habsburg]]<br>[[House of Aviz]]\u000a| father = [[John III of Portugal]]\u000a| mother = [[Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal|Catherine of Austria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1527|10|15|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Coimbra]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1545|7|12|1527|10|15|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Valladolid]]\u000a| burial_date = \u000a| burial_place = [[El Escorial]]\u000a| religion=[[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p237
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| name = Elisabeth of Valois\u000a| succession = [[List of Spanish consorts|Queen consort of Spain]]\u000a| image = Isabel de Valois2..jpg\u000a| caption =Élisabeth de Valois, by [[Juan Pantoja de la Cruz]], 1565\u000a| reign = 22 June 1559 \u2013 3 October 1568\u000a| spouse = [[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a| issue = [[Isabella Clara Eugenia]]<br>[[Catherine Michelle of Spain|Catherine Michelle]]\u000a| house = [[House of Valois]]\u000a| father = [[Henry II of France]]\u000a| mother = [[Catherine de' Medici]]\u000a| full name =\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1545|4|2|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1568|10|3|1545|4|13|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =\u000a| religion=[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p238
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a|name=Anna of Austria\u000a|succession=[[List of Spanish consorts|Queen consort of Spain]]\u000a|image=Alonso Sánchez Coello 003b.jpg\u000a|caption=Anna of Austria by Alonso Sánchez Coello \u000a|reign=1570\u20131580\u000a|spouse=[[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a|issue= [[Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias]]<br>[[Diego, Prince of Asturias]]<br>[[Philip III of Spain]]\u000a|issue-link = #Children\u000a|house=[[House of Habsburg]]\u000a|father=[[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a|mother=[[Maria of Spain]]\u000a|birth_date=1 November 1549\u000a|birth_place=[[Cigales]], [[Spain]]\u000a|death_date=26 October 1580 (aged 30)\u000a|death_place=[[Badajoz]], [[Spain]]\u000a|place of burial =[[El Escorial]]\u000a|religion=[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p239
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| name = Frederick II\u000a| image = 1581 Frederik 2..jpg\u000a| caption = Frederick II in a painting by [[Hans Knieper]]\u000a| reign = 1559\u20131588\u000a| coronation = 20 August 1559\u000a| succession = [[List of Danish monarchs|King of Denmark]] and [[List of Norwegian monarchs|Norway]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Christian III of Denmark|Christian III]]\u000a| successor = [[Christian IV of Denmark|Christian IV]]\u000a| spouse = [[Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow]]\u000a| issue = [[Christian IV of Denmark]]<br>[[Anne of Denmark|Anne, Queen of England and Scotland]]<br>[[Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick|Elizabeth, Duchess of Brunswick]]<br>[[Augusta of Denmark|Augusta, Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp]]<br>[[Hedwig of Denmark|Hedwig, Electress of Saxony]]<br>[[John, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein]]\u000a| house = [[House of Oldenburg]]\u000a| motto = ''Nothing without God''\u000a| father = [[Christian III of Denmark]]\u000a| mother = [[Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1534|7|1|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Haderslevhus|Haderslevhus Castle]], [[Haderslev]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1588|4|4|1534|7|1|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Antvorskov Castle]], [[Antvorskov]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Roskilde Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p240
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| name =Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow\u000a| succession =[[List of Danish consorts|Queen consort of Denmark]] and [[List of Norwegian consorts|Norway]]\u000a| image =Sophiemecklenburgdenmark.jpg\u000a| reign =1572\u20131588\u000a| spouse =[[Frederick II of Denmark]]\u000a| issue = [[Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick|Elizabeth, Duchess of Brunswick]]<br> [[Anne of Denmark|Anne, Queen of England]] <br>[[Christian IV of Denmark]] <br>[[Ulrik of Denmark (1578\u20131624)|Ulrich II, Prince-Bishop of Schwerin]]<br>[[Augusta of Denmark|Augusta, Duchess Holstein-Gottorp]]<br>[[Hedwig of Denmark|Hedwig, Electress of Saxony]]<br> [[John, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein]] \u000a| house = [[Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]\u000a| titles =\u000a| father = [[Ulrich III of Mecklenburg-Güstrow]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg|Elizabeth of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = 4 September 1557\u000a| birth_place =[[Wismar]]\u000a| date of christening =\u000a| place of christening =\u000a| death_date =14 October 1631\u000a| death_place =[[Nyköping]]\u000a| burial_place =[[Roskilde Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p241
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a | name = Henry IV\u000a | title = \u000a | titletext = \u000a | more = \u000a | image = File:King Henry IV of France.jpg\u000a | image_size = \u000a | alt = \u000a | caption = \u000a | succession = [[List of French monarchs|King of France]]\u000a | reign = 2 August 1589 \u2013 14 May 1610\u000a | coronation = 27 February 1594\u000a | cor-type = france\u000a | predecessor = [[Henry III of France|Henry III]]\u000a | successor = [[Louis XIII of France|Louis XIII]]\u000a | succession1 = [[King of Navarre]]\u000a | reign1 = 9 June 1572 \u2013 14 May 1610\u000a | predecessor1 = [[Jeanne III of Navarre|Jeanne III]]\u000a | successor1 = [[Louis XIII of France|Louis II]]\u000a | spouse = [[Margaret of Valois|Margaret of France]]<br /> [[Marie de' Medici]]\u000a | issue = [[César, Duke of Vendôme]]<br>[[Catherine Henriette de Bourbon]]<br>[[Louis XIII of France]]<br /> [[Elisabeth of Bourbon|Elisabeth, Queen of Spain]]<br /> [[Christine Marie of France|Christine, Duchess of Savoy]]<br /> [[Nicholas Henri de France, Duc d'Orléans|Nicholas Henri, Duke of Orléans]]<br /> [[Gaston, Duke of Orléans]]<br /> [[Henrietta Maria of France|Henrietta Maria, Queen of England]]\u000a | house = [[House of Bourbon|Bourbon]]\u000a | father = [[Antoine of Navarre|Antoine de Bourbon]]\u000a | mother = [[Jeanne III of Navarre]]\u000a | birth_date = {{Birth date|1553|12|13|df=y}}\u000a | birth_place = [[Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques|Pau]], [[Kingdom of Navarre]]\u000a | death_date = {{Death date and age|1610|5|14|1553|12|13|df=y}}\u000a | death_place = Paris, France\u000a | burial_place = [[Saint Denis Basilica]], France\u000a | religion = [[Roman Catholicism]],<br/>previously [[Reformed Church of France|Reformed]]\u000a
+p242
+aVInfobox royalty|majesty|consort\u000a| succession =[[List of French consorts|Queen consort of France and Navarre]]\u000a| image =0 Marie de Médicis - Frans Pourbus le Jeune - Louvre (INV1710) - (2).JPG\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[Frans Pourbus the Younger]]\u000a| reign =17 December 1600 \u2013 14 May 1610\u000a| coronation = 13 May 1610\u000a| issue =[[Louis XIII of France|Louis XIII, King of France]]<br>[[Elisabeth of Bourbon|Elisabeth, Queen of Spain]]<br>[[Christine Marie of France|Christine, Duchess of Savoy]]<br>[[Gaston, Duke of Orléans]]<br>[[Henrietta Maria of France|Henrietta Maria, Queen of England]]\u000a| spouse = [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV, King of France]]\u000a| house = [[House of Medici]]\u000a| father =[[Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany|Francesco I, Grand Duke of Tuscany]]\u000a| mother =[[Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany|Joanna of Austria]]\u000a| birth_date = 26 April 1573\u000a| birth_place =[[Palazzo Pitti]], [[Florence, Italy|Florence]], [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany|Tuscany]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1642|7|3|1573|4|26|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Cologne, Germany|Cologne]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Basilica of St Denis]], Paris, France\u000a| religion =[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature = 1622 signature of Queen Marie de Médicis of France.png\u000a|
+p243
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = John IV\u000a| image = [[File:Joao IV.jpg|235px]]\u000a| succession = [[King of Portugal and the Algarves]]\u000a| reign = 1 December 1640 \u2013 <br /> 6 November 1656\u000a| predecessor = [[Philip IV of Spain|Philip IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Afonso VI of Portugal|Afonso VI]]\u000a| coronation = 15 December 1640\u000a|succession2 = [[Duke of Braganza]]\u000a| reign2 = 29 November 1630 \u2013 <br /> 1 December 1640\u000a| predecessor2 = [[Teodósio II, 7th Duke of Braganza|Teodósio II]] \u000a| successor2 = [[Teodósio, Prince of Brazil]]\u000a| reign-type2 = Tenure\u000a| spouse = [[Luisa de Guzmán]]\u000a| issue = [[Teodósio, Prince of Brazil]]<br>[[Joana, Princess of Beira]]<br>[[Catherine of Braganza|Catherine, Queen of England]]<br>[[Afonso VI of Portugal]]<br>[[Peter II of Portugal]]\u000a| issue-link = #Marriage and descendants\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Braganza]]\u000a| father = [[Teodósio II, 7th Duke of Braganza|Teodósio II of Braganza]] \u000a| mother = [[Ana de Velasco y Girón]]\u000a| birth_date = 19 March 1604\u000a| birth_place = [[Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa]], [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]]\u000a| death_date = 6 November 1656 (aged 52)\u000a| death_place = [[Ribeira Palace]], [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal]]\u000a| burial_place = [[Royal Pantheon of the Braganza Dynasty|Pantheon of the Braganzas]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p244
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort=yes\u000a| succession =[[Queen consort of Portugal]]\u000a| image =José_de_Avelar_Rebelo_-_Retrato_da_Rainha_D.Luisa_de_Gusmão.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait attributed to [[José de Avelar Rebelo]]\u000a| reign =1 December 1640 \u2013 6 November 1656\u000a| succession2 = [[List of regents#Portugal|Regent of Portugal and the Algarves]]\u000a| reign2 = {{nowrap|6 December 1656 \u2013 26 June 1662}}\u000a| spouse =[[John IV of Portugal]]\u000a| issue =[[Teodósio, Prince of Brazil]] <br /> [[Joana, Princess of Beira]] <br /> [[Catherine of Braganza|Catherine, Queen of England]] <br /> [[Afonso VI of Portugal|Afonso VI, King of Portugal]] <br /> [[Peter II of Portugal|Pedro II, King of Portugal]]\u000a| house =[[Dukes of Medina Sidonia|House of Medina Sidonia]] <br> [[House of Braganza]]\u000a| father =[[Juan Manuel Pérez de Guzmán, 8th Duke of Medina Sidonia]]\u000a| mother =Juana Lorenza de Sandoval y La Cerda\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1613|10|31|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Sanlúcar de Barrameda|Sanlúcar]], [[Spain]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1666|2|27|1613|10|31|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Lisbon]], [[Kingdom of Portugal]]\u000a| burial = [[Royal Pantheon of the Braganza Dynasty]]\u000a
+p245
+aVInfobox officeholder\u000a| honorific prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]\u000a| name = Edward Hyde\u000a| honorific suffix = PC\u000a| title = [[Earl of Clarendon]]\u000a| image = Image:WH 1st Earl of Clarendon.png\u000a| caption Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, portrait after [[Peter Lely]] (1618\u20131680). He is dressed in the robes of [[Lord Chancellor]], a position he held 1658\u20131667. [[National Trust]], collection of [[Kingston Lacy]], Dorset, no.1257076\u000a| birth_date = 18 February 1609\u000a| birth_place = England\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1674|12|9|1609|2|18}}\u000a| death_place = [[Rouen]], France\u000a| burial_place = [[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a| noble family = Hyde\u000a| father = [[Henry Hyde (died 1634)|Henry Hyde]]\u000a| mother = Mary Langford\u000a| spouse = Anne Ayliffe (m. 1629 \u2013 her death six months later) <br> [[Frances Hyde, Countess of Clarendon|Frances Aylesbury]] (m. 1634)\u000a| issue = [[Henry Hyde, 2nd Earl of Clarendon]] <br> [[Lawrence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester]] <br> [[Edward Hyde (barrister)|Hon. Edward Hyde]] <br> James Hyde <br> [[Anne Hyde|Anne, Duchess of York and Albany]] <br> Frances Hyde\u000a
+p246
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty|\u000a| name = Alfonso IV d'Este\u000a| image = Alfonso_IV_d'Este.gif\u000a| title = Duke of Modena and Reggio\u000a| caption = Alfonso IV d'Este, by [[Justus Sustermans]]\u000a| spouse = [[Laura Martinozzi]]\u000a| issue = [[Mary of Modena|Mary, Queen of England]]<br>[[Francesco II d'Este, Duke of Modena|Francesco II, Duke of Modena]]\u000a| father = [[Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena]]\u000a| mother = [[Maria Caterina Farnese]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1634|10|14|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Ducal Palace of Modena]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1662|7|16|1634|10|14|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Ducal Palace of Modena]]\u000a
+p247
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Laura Martinozzi\u000a| title = [[List of Modenan consorts|Duchess of Modena]] \u000a| image = LauraMartinozzi.jpg\u000a| caption = Supposed portrait of Laura Martinozzi\u000a| succession = [[List of Modenan consorts|Duchess of Modena]] \u000a| reign = 14 October 1658 \u2013 16 July 1662\u000a| spouse = [[Alfonso IV d'Este, Duke of Modena]]\u000a| issue = [[Francesco II d'Este, Duke of Modena|Francesco, Duke of Modena]]<br />[[Mary of Modena|Maria, Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland]]\u000a| house = [[House of Este]]\u000a| full name = \u000a| father = Girolamo Martinozzi\u000a| mother = [[Laura Margherita Mazzarini|Laura Mazarini]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1639|5|27|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Fano]], [[Papal State]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1687|7|19|1639|5|27|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Rome]], [[Papal State]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Church of San Vincenzo]], [[Modena]]\u000a
+p248
+aVInfobox royalty|realm=denmark\u000a| name = Frederick III\u000a| title = \u000a| succession = [[List of Danish monarchs|King of Denmark]] and [[List of Norwegian monarchs|Norway]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of bishops, prince-bishops, and administrators of Verden|Prince-Bishop of Verden]]\u000a| succession2 =[[List of administrators, archbishops, bishops, and prince-archbishops of Bremen|Prince-Archbishop of Bremen]]\u000a| image = Frederik 3 by window.jpg\u000a| reign = 1 May 1648 \u2013 9 February 1670\u000a| reign2= 1635\u20131645\u000a| reign1=1623\u201329, 1635\u201345\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Philip Sigismund of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Philip Sigismund]]\u000a| successor1=[[Franz Wilhelm von Wartenberg|Francis]]\u000a| predecessor2 = [[John Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince-Bishop|John Frederick]]\u000a| successor2= [[Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria|Archduke Leopold]]\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor = [[Christian IV of Denmark|Christian IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Christian V of Denmark|Christian V]]\u000a| spouse = [[Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| issue = [[Christian V of Denmark]]<br />[[Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark|Anna Sophie, Electress of Saxony]]<br>[[Princess Frederica Amalia of Denmark|Frederica Amalia, Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp]]<br />[[Princess Wilhelmina Ernestine of Denmark|Wilhelmina Ernestina, Electress Palatine]]<br />[[Prince George of Denmark|Prince George, Duke of Cumberland]]<br />[[Ulrike Eleonora of Denmark|Ulrike Eleonora, Queen of Sweden]]<br>''[[Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve]]''\u000a| house = [[House of Oldenburg]]\u000a| father = [[Christian IV of Denmark]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne Catherine of Brandenburg]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1609|3|18}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Haderslevhus|Haderslevhus Castle]], [[Haderslev]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1670|2|9|1609|3|18}}\u000a| death_place = [[Copenhagen Castle]], [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| burial_place = [[Roskilde Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a
+p249
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| name =Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg\u000a| succession =[[List of Danish consorts|Queen consort of Denmark]] and [[List of Norwegian consorts|Norway]]\u000a| image =Sophieamalieluneburg queen of denmark.jpg\u000a|caption = Portrayed by [[Abraham Wuchters]] as Queen\u000a| reign =28 February 1648 \u2013 9 February 1670\u000a| spouse =[[Frederick III of Denmark]]\u000a| issue =[[Christian V of Denmark|Christian V, King of Denmark]]<br>[[Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark|Anna Sophia, Electress of Saxony]]<br>[[Princess Frederica Amalia of Denmark|Frederika Amalia, Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp]]<br>[[Princess Wilhelmina Ernestine of Denmark|Wilhelmina Ernestina, Electress Palatine]]<br>[[Prince George of Denmark|George, Duke of Cumberland]]<br>[[Ulrike Eleonora of Denmark|Ulrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden]]\u000a| house =[[House of Brunswick]]\u000a| father =[[George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| mother =[[Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt]]\u000a| birth_date =24 March 1628\u000a| birth_place =[[Herzberg Castle]], [[Lower Saxony]]\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1685|2|20|1628|3|24|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Amalienborg Palace]], [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| burial_place =[[Roskilde Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p250
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Eleonore Erdmuthe\u000a| full name = Eleonore Erdmuthe Louise\u000a| image = Eleonore Erdmuthe Louise von Sachsen-Eisenach.jpg\u000a| imgw = 220px\u000a| succession = [[List of consorts of Brandenburg#Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach, 1398\u20131791|Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach]]\u000a| reign = 4 November 1681 \u2013 22 March 1686\u000a| predecessor = Vacant\u000a| successor = Vacant\u000a| succession1 = [[List of Saxon consorts#Electress of Saxony|Electress consort of Saxony]]\u000a| reign1 = 17 April 1692 - 27 April 1694\u000a| predecessor1 = Vacant\u000a| successor1 = [[Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth]]\u000a| spouse = [[John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach]]<br> (m. 1681; dec. 1686) <br>[[John George IV, Elector of Saxony]] <br> (m. 1692; dec. 1694)\u000a| issue = [[Caroline of Ansbach]]<br>Friedrich August<br> [[William Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wettin]] <br><small>(by birth and marriage)</small> <br> [[House of Hohenzollern]] <br><small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[John George I, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach]]\u000a| mother = [[Joanna of Sayn-Wittgenstein]]\u000a| full name = Eleonore Erdmuthe Louise\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1662|4|13|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Friedewald]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1696|9|9|1662|4|13|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Schloss Pretzsch]], [[Pretzsch, Wittenberg|Pretzsch]]\u000a| place of burial =\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p251
+aVInfobox royalty | royal\u000a| name = Charles William Ferdinand\u000a| title = Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel\u000a| image = BraunschweigLKWF.jpg\u000a| imgw = 220px\u000a| caption = \u000a| reign = 26 March 1780 \u2013 10 November 1806\u000a| predecessor = [[Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Charles I]]\u000a| successor = [[Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Frederick William]]\u000a| spouse = [[Princess Augusta of Great Britain]]\u000a| spouse-type = Consort\u000a| issue = [[Duchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Augusta, Duchess of Württemberg]]<br />Charles George Augustus, Hereditary Prince<br />Duke George William Christian<br />Duke Augustus<br />[[Caroline of Brunswick|Caroline, Queen of the United Kingdom]]<br />[[Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Frederick William]]<br />Duchess Amelia\u000a| full name = Charles William Ferdinand<br />''{{lang-de|Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand}}''\u000a| house = House of [[Brunswick-Bevern]]\u000a| father = [[Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1735|10|9|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Wolfenbüttel]], [[Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1806|11|10|1735|10|9|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Ottensen]]\u000a| place of burial = \u000a
+p252
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name =Augusta of Great Britain\u000a| succession =[[List of consorts of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Duchess consort of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]\u000a| image =Augusta of Great Britain, duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.jpg\u000a| reign =26 March 1780<ref>[http://www.thepeerage.com/p10846.htm#i108452 The Peerage \u2013 Charles I, Duke of Brunswick]</ref> \u2013 10 November 1806\u000a| spouse =[[Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick]]\u000a| issue =[[Duchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Augusta, Hereditary Princess of Württemberg]]<br />[[Caroline of Brunswick|Caroline, Queen of the United Kingdom]]<br />[[Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]\u000a| issue-link =#Issue\u000a| issue-pipe =More\u000a| house =[[House of Brunswick]]\u000a| full name = Augusta Frederica\u000a| father =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1737|7|31|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[St James's Palace]], London\u000a| date of christening =9 September 1737\u000a| place of christening =[[St James's Palace]], London\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1813|3|23|1737|7|31|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Hanover Square, London]]\u000a| date of burial =31 March 1813\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a|
+p253
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| name =Georg I\u000a| title =Duke of Saxe-Meiningen\u000a| image =GeorgIsamei.JPG\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession =[[Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| reign =1782\u20131803\u000a| coronation =\u000a| titles =''[[HRH]]'' The Duke of Saxe-Meiningen <br/> ''[[HSH]]'' Prince of Saxe-Meiningen, Duke in Saxony\u000a| full name =Georg I Friedrich Karl\u000a| predecessor =[[Charles William, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen|Karl Wilhelm]]\u000a| successor =[[Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen|Bernhard II]]\u000a| spouse =[[Luise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]\u000a| issue = [[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen|Adelaide, Queen of the United Kingdom]] <br/> [[Ida of Saxe-Meiningen|Ida, Princess Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]] <br/> [[Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen|Bernhard II]]\u000a| house =[[Saxe-Meiningen|House of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| father =[[Anton Ulrich, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| mother =[[Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Philippsthal]]\u000a| birth_date ={{birth date|1761|2|4|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Meiningen]]\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1803|12|24|1761|2|4|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Meiningen]]\u000a| date of burial =\u000a| place of burial =\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p254
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch|consort\u000a| name =Luise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg\u000a| title =Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen<br/>Regent of Saxe-Meiningen\u000a| image =LouiseEleonoreSaMei.JPG\u000a| imgw =200px\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession =[[List of Saxon consorts|Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| reign =1782\u20131803\u000a| full name = Luise Eleonore\u000a| spouse =[[George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| issue =[[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen|Adelaide, Queen of the United Kingdom]] <br/> [[Ida of Saxe-Meiningen|Ida, Princess Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]] <br/> [[Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| house =[[Saxe-Meiningen|House of Saxe-Meiningen]]<br/>[[Hohenlohe-Langenburg|House of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]\u000a| royal anthem =\u000a| father =[[Christian Albert, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]\u000a| mother =[[Caroline of Stolberg-Gedern (1732\u20131796)|Caroline of Stolberg-Gedern]]\u000a| birth_date ={{birth date|1763|8|11|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Langenburg]]\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1837|4|30|1763|8|11|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Meiningen]]\u000a| date of burial =\u000a| place of burial =\u000a|
+p255
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| title = Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha\u000a| name = Ernest I\u000a| full name =({{Lang-de|Ernst Anton Karl Ludwig}}) <br> ({{Lang-en|Ernest Anthony Charles Louis}})\u000a| image = Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Dawe 1818-19.jpg\u000a| imgw = \u000a| caption = Portrait by [[George Dawe]]\u000a| reign = 1806\u20131826 (as Ernest III)\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Francis]]\u000a| successor = Became ''Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha''\u000a| reign1 = 1826\u20131844 (as Ernest I)\u000a| succession1 = [[Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| predecessor1 = Previously ''Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld''\u000a| successor1 = [[Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Ernest II]]\u000a| spouse =[[Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]<br> [[Duchess Marie of Württemberg]]\u000a| issue =[[Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]<br>[[Albert, Prince Consort]]\u000a| house =[[House of Wettin]]\u000a| father =[[Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| mother =[[Countess Augusta of Reuss-Ebersdorf]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1784|1|2|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Coburg]], [[Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1844|1|29|1784|1|2|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Gotha (town)|Gotha]], [[Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]], [[German Confederation]]\u000a| place of burial=[[Morizkirche (Coburg)|Morizkirche]], then [[Friedhof am Glockenberg]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p256
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg\u000a| title = Duchess consort of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld\u000a| full name = Louise Dorothea Pauline Charlotte Fredericka Auguste\u000a| image = Luise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.jpg\u000a| imgw = 225px\u000a| caption = Painting by William Corden, 1844 known as [[William Corden the Elder]] (1795-1867)\u000a| reign = 1817\u20131826\u000a| reign-type =Consort\u000a| styles = ''HH'' The Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld <br> ''HH'' Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg\u000a| spouse =[[Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| issue =[[Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]<br>[[Albert, Prince Consort|Albert, Prince Consort of the United Kingdom]]\u000a| house =[[Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|House of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]<br>[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father =[[Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]\u000a| mother =[[Louise Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1800|12|21|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Gotha (town)|Gotha]], [[Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1831|8|30|1800|12|21|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = Paris, [[July Monarchy|France]]\u000a| place of burial= Ducal Family Mausoleum, Glockenburg Cemetery, Coburg\u000a|
+p257
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Christian IX\u000a| image = Christian IX af Henrik Olrik.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Hans Olrik]]\u000a| alt = Portrait of Christian IX by Hans Olrik\u000a| succession = [[List of Danish monarchs|King of Denmark]]\u000a| moretext = ([[Christian IX#Titles, styles, honours and arms|more...]])\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|15 November 1863 \u2013 29 January 1906}}\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor = [[Frederick VII of Denmark|Frederick VII]]\u000a| successor = [[Frederick VIII of Denmark|Frederick VIII]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of dukes of Schleswig|Duke of Schleswig]], [[List of dukes of Holstein|Holstein]] and [[Saxe-Lauenburg|Lauenburg]]\u000a| reign1 = 1863 \u2013 1864\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Frederick VII of Denmark|Frederick VII]]\u000a| spouse = [[Louise of Hesse-Kassel|Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel]]\u000a| issue = [[Frederick VIII of Denmark|Frederick VIII]]<br>[[Alexandra of Denmark|Alexandra, Queen of the United Kingdom]]<br>[[George I of Greece]]<br>[[Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)|Dagmar, Empress of Russia]]<br>[[Princess Thyra of Denmark|Thyra, Crown Princess of Hanover]]<br>[[Prince Valdemar of Denmark|Prince Valdemar]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| house = [[House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick William, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Cassel]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1818|4|8|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Gottorp Castle]], [[Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein|Schleswig]], [[Duchy of Schleswig]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1906|1|29|1818|4|8|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Amalienborg Palace]], [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| date of burial = 15 February 1906\u000a| place of burial= [[Roskilde Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p258
+aVInfobox royalty|majesty|consort\u000a| succession =[[Queen consort of Denmark]]\u000a| image =Luisa wife of Ch9.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = 15 November 1863 \u2013 29 September 1898\u000a| spouse =[[Christian IX of Denmark]]\u000a| issue = [[Frederick VIII of Denmark]]<br />[[Alexandra of Denmark|Alexandra, Queen of the United Kingdom]]<br />[[George I of Greece]]<br />[[Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)|Dagmar, Empress of Russia]]<br />[[Princess Thyra of Denmark|Thyra, Crown Princess of Hanover]]<br />[[Prince Valdemar of Denmark|Prince Valdemar]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hesse-Kassel]]\u000a| father =[[Prince William of Hesse]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Charlotte of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1817|9|7|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Kassel]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1898|9|29|1817|9|7|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Bernstorff Palace]], [[Gentofte]], Denmark\u000a| signature =Louise of Hesse-Kasse signature.svg\u000a| burial_place =[[Roskilde Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = \u000a|
+p259
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Francis\u000a| title =Duke of Teck\u000a| image =Prince Francis, Duke of Teck.jpg\u000a| imgw =200\u000a| caption =Duke of Teck by [[Alexander Bassano]].\u000a| spouse =[[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge]]\u000a| issue =[[Mary of Teck|Mary, Queen of the United Kingdom]]<br />[[Adolphus Cambridge, 1st Marquess of Cambridge]]<br/>[[Prince Francis of Teck]] <br/> [[Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone]]\u000a| full name =Francis Paul Charles Louis Alexander<br />''[[German language|German]]: Franz Paul Karl Ludwig Alexander''\u000a| house =[[Württemberg]]\u000a| father =[[Duke Alexander of Württemberg]]\u000a| mother =[[Countess Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1837|8|28|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Esseg]], [[Kingdom of Slavonia|Slavonia]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1900|1|21|1837|8|28|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[White Lodge, Richmond Park]]\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheran]]<ref name=whowaswho/>\u000a|
+p260
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Mary Adelaide\u000a| title = Duchess of Teck\u000a| image = Mary-Hannover-1897.jpg\u000a| caption = Mary Adelaide in 1897\u000a| imgw = 175\u000a| spouse = [[Francis, Duke of Teck]]\u000a| issue = [[Mary of Teck|Mary, Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Empress of India]]<br />[[Adolphus Cambridge, 1st Marquess of Cambridge|Adolphus, Marquess of Cambridge]]<br/>[[Prince Francis of Teck|Prince Francis]]<br/>[[Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone|Alexander, Earl of Athlone]]\u000a| full name = Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[House of Württemberg]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Augusta of Hesse-Cassel]]\u000a| birth_date = 27 November 1833\u000a| birth_place = [[Kingdom of Hanover|Hanover]], [[Germany]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1897|10|27|1833|11|27|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[White Lodge, Richmond Park|White Lodge]], [[Richmond Park]], [[London]], [[England]], UK\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St. George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[Berkshire]]\u000a
+p261
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox military person\u000a|name=Earl Winfield Spencer, Jr.\u000a|image=Spencer 2.jpg\u000a|caption=\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1888|9|20|mf=y}}\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1950|5|29|1888|9|20|mf=y}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Kinsley, Kansas]]\u000a|death_place=[[Coronado, California]]\u000a|placeofburial=\u000a|placeofburial_label=\u000a|placeofburial_coordinates= <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->\u000a|nickname= Win\u000a|birth_name=\u000a|allegiance={{flag|United States}}\u000a|branch=[[File:United States Department of the Navy Seal.svg|25px]] [[United States Navy]]\u000a|serviceyears=\u000a|rank=[[File:US-O5 insignia.svg|25px]] [[Commander (United States)|Commander]]\u000a|servicenumber=\u000a|unit=\u000a|commands=[[Naval Air Station, North Island]]\u000a|battles=\u000a|battles_label=\u000a|awards=\u000a|relations=\u000a|laterwork=\u000a|signature=\u000a
+p262
+aVInfobox person\u000a|image = Ernest Simpson 1937.jpg\u000a|imgw = 200\u000a|caption = Ernest Simpson in 1937\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1897|5|6|df=y}}\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1958|11|30|1897|5|6|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place= [[New York City]], [[United States]]\u000a|death_place=[[London]], [[England]]\u000a|alma_mater=[[Harvard University]]\u000a|parents=Ernest Louis Simpson<br>Charlotte Woodward Gaines\u000a|spouse=Dorothea Webb Dechert (1923\u20131928)<br>[[Wallis Simpson|Bessie Wallis Warfield]] (m.1928\u20131937)<br>Mary Huntemuller Raffray (1937\u20131941)<br>Avril Leveson-Gower (1948\u20131958)\u000a|children=Audrey Simpson Driggs (née Simpson)<br>[[Aharon Solomons]] (born Ernest Henry Child Simpson)\u000a
+p263
+aVInfobox person\u000a|honorific_prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]\u000a|name = The Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne\u000a|honorific_suffix = [[Order of the Garter|KG]], [[Order of the Thistle|KT]], [[Royal Victorian Order|GCVO]], [[Territorial Decoration|TD]]\u000a|image = StrathmoreColor.jpg\u000a|image_size = 180\u000a|caption = Lord Strathmore, 1923\u000a|birth_name = Claude George Bowes-Lyon\u000a|birth_date = {{Birth date|1855|3|14|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place = [[Lowndes Square]], London\u000a|death_date = {{Death date and age|1944|11|7|1855|3|14|df=y}}\u000a|death_place = [[Glamis Castle]]\u000a|title = 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne\u000a|tenure = 16 February 1904 \u2013 7 November 1944\u000a|predecessor = [[Claude Bowes-Lyon, 13th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne]]\u000a|successor = [[Patrick Bowes-Lyon, 15th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne]]\u000a|spouse = [[Cecilia Bowes-Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne|Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck]]\u000a|children=Violet Bowes-Lyon<br />[[Mary Elphinstone, Lady Elphinstone]]<br />[[Patrick Bowes-Lyon, 15th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne]]<br />[[John Bowes-Lyon]]<br />Alexander Bowes-Lyon<br />[[Fergus Bowes-Lyon]]<br />[[Rose Leveson-Gower, Countess Granville]]<br />Michael Bowes-Lyon<br />[[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother]]<br />[[David Bowes-Lyon|Sir David Bowes-Lyon]]\u000a|parents = [[Claude Bowes-Lyon, 13th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne]]<br />[[Frances Bowes-Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne|Frances Dora Smith]]\u000a
+p264
+aVInfobox person\u000a|honorific_prefix = <small> [[The Right Honourable]] </small>\u000a|name= The Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne\u000a|honorific_suffix = <small> [[GCVO]] [[DStJ]]\u000a|image=\u000a|birth_name=Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1862|9|11|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Belgravia]], London\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1938|6|23|1862|9|11|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=38 Cumberland Mansions, Bryanston Street, London\u000a|date of burial=27 June 1938\u000a|place of burial=[[Glamis Castle]], Angus, Scotland\u000a|parents =[[Charles Cavendish-Bentinck (priest)|Charles Cavendish-Bentinck]]<br>[[Louisa Cavendish-Bentinck|Louisa Burnaby]]\u000a|spouse=[[Claude Bowes-Lyon, 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne]]\u000a|children= Violet Bowes-Lyon<br />[[Mary Elphinstone, Lady Elphinstone]]<br />[[Patrick Bowes-Lyon, 15th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne]]<br />[[John Bowes-Lyon]]<br />Alexander Bowes-Lyon<br />[[Fergus Bowes-Lyon]]<br />[[Rose Leveson-Gower, Countess Granville]]<br />Michael Bowes-Lyon<br />[[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother]]<br />[[David Bowes-Lyon|David Bowes Lyon]]\u000a
+p265
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Andrew\u000a| image = Laszlo - Prince Andrew of Greece.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Philip de László]], 1913\u000a| imgw = 220px\u000a| spouse = [[Princess Alice of Battenberg]]\u000a| issue =[[Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark|Margarita, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]<br />[[Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark (1906\u20131969)|Theodora, Margravine of Baden]]<br />[[Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark|Cecilie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse]]<br />[[Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark|Princess Sophie]]<br />[[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]\u000a| father =[[George I of Greece]]\u000a| house = [[House of Glücksburg|House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]]\u000a| mother =[[Olga Konstantinova of Russia]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1882|2|2}}<br/><small>[[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]]: 20 January 1882</small>\u000a| birth_place = [[Athens]], [[Kingdom of Greece|Greece]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1944|12|3|1882|2|2}}\u000a| death_place = [[Monte Carlo]], [[Monaco]]\u000a| place of burial = Royal Cemetery, [[Tatoi Palace]], Greece\u000a|religion =[[Greek Orthodox]]\u000a
+p266
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Princess Alice of Battenberg\u000a| title =Princess Andrew<!--After her marriage she used the style: Princess Andrew--> of Greece and Denmark\u000a| image =1885 Alice.jpg\u000a| imgw =225px\u000a| caption =\u000a| full name =Victoria Alice Elizabeth Julia Marie\u000a| spouse =[[Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark]]\u000a| issue =[[Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark|Margarita, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]<br />[[Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark (1906\u20131969)|Theodora, Margravine of Baden]]<br />[[Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark|Cecilie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse]]<br />[[Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark|Sophie, Princess George of Hanover]]<br />[[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]\u000a| house = [[House of Battenberg]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father =[[Prince Louis of Battenberg]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1885|2|25|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]], England\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1969|12|5|1885|2|25|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], England\u000a| place of burial =[[Church of Mary Magdalene]], [[Gethsemane]], [[Jerusalem]], Israel\u000a|
+p267
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg\u000a| title =Prince of Mirow\u000a| image = [[File:Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Arms.svg|130px]]\u000a| caption =\u000a| spouse =[[Princess Elizabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen]]\u000a| issue =Duchess Christiane<br>Duchess Karoline<br>[[Adolf Friedrich IV of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Duke Adolf Friedrich IV]]<br>Duchess Elizabeth Christine<br>Duchess Sophie Louise<br>[[Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Duke Charles II]]<br>[[Duke Ernest Gottlob of Mecklenburg|Duke Ernst Gottlob]]<br>[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Charlotte, Queen of the United Kingdom]]<br>Duke Gotthelf<br>[[Duke George Augustus of Mecklenburg|Duke George Augustus]]\u000a| house =[[Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| father =[[Adolf Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| mother =Princess Christiane Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1708|2|23|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = Strelitz, [[Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1752|6|5|1708|2|23|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Mirow]]\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a
+p268
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen\u000a| title = Princess consort of Mirow\u000a| full name =\u000a| image =Elizabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen.jpg\u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign =\u000a| succession =\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor =\u000a| successor =\u000a| titles = ''[[HSH]]'' Duchess Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg, Princess of Mirow <br />''[[HSH]]'' Princess of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Duchess in Saxony\u000a| heir =\u000a| spouse = [[Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg]]\u000a| issue = See issue link\u000a| house = [[Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]<br />[[Saxe-Hildburghausen|House of Saxe-Hildburghausen]]\u000a| royal anthem =\u000a| father = [[Ernst Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen]]\u000a| mother = [[Countess Sophia Albertine of Erbach-Erbach]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1713|8|4|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1761|7|29|1713|8|4||df=y}}\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial=\u000a|
+p269
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Æthelflæd\u000a| succession = [[List of monarchs of Mercia|Lady of the Mercians]]\u000a| image =Æthelflæd_as_depicted_in_the_cartulary_of_Abingdon_Abbey.png\u000a| caption = <small>Æthelflæd (from ''The Cartulary and Customs of Abingdon Abbey'', ca 1220).<small>\u000a| reign = 911 - 918 AD\u000a| predecessor = [[Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians|Æthelred]]\u000a| successor = [[Ælfwynn]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by birth)</small>\u000a| spouse = [[Æthelred, Ealdorman of Mercia|Æthelred]]\u000a| issue = [[Ælfwynn]]\u000a| father = [[Alfred the Great]]\u000a| mother = [[Ealhswith]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa}} 870\u000a| death_date = 12 June 918\u000a| death_place = [[Tamworth, Staffordshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[St Oswald's Priory, Gloucester]]\u000a
+p270
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Ælfthryth of Wessex\u000a| title = [[Countess consort of Flanders]]\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[House of Flanders]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Alfred the Great]]\u000a| mother = [[Ealhswith]]\u000a| spouse = [[Baldwin II, Count of Flanders]]\u000a| issue = [[Arnulf I of Flanders]] <br> [[Adalulf|Adalulf, Count of Boulogne]] <br> Ealswid <br> Ermentrud\u000a| birth_date = 877\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 7 June {{death year and age|929|877}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a
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+aVInfobox royalty|Monarch\u000a| name = Ælfweard\u000a| image =\u000a| imagesize =\u000a| rank = 8th\u000a| succession = [[King of Wessex]] (perhaps)\u000a| reign = (perhaps) 17 July 924 \u2013 2 August 924\u000a| predecessor = [[Edward the Elder]]\u000a| successor = [[Æthelstan]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 902\u000a| birth_place = [[Wessex]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = 2 August {{death year and age|924|902}}\u000a| death_place = [[Oxford|Oxford, England]], [[England]]\u000a| burial_place = [[New Minster, Winchester]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a| spouse =\u000a| father = [[Edward the Elder|Edward, King of Wessex]]\u000a| mother = [[Ælfflæd, wife of Edward the Elder|Ælfflæd]]\u000a| religion = [[Chalcedonian Christianity]]\u000a
+p272
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Eadgyth\u000a| title = \u000a| image = File:HerscherpaarMagdeburgCathedral.jpg\u000a| caption = A statue in the [[Cathedral of Magdeburg]] that is often assumed to represent [[Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto]] and Edith\u000a| succession = [[Queen consort of Germany]]\u000a| reign = 2 July 936 \u2013 26 January 946\u000a| reign-type= Tenure\u000a| predecessor = [[Matilda of Ringelheim]]\u000a| successor = [[Adelaide of Italy]]\u000a| succession1 = [[List of Saxon consorts|Duchess consort of Saxony]]\u000a| reign = 2 July 936 \u2013 26 January 946\u000a| reign-type1= Tenure\u000a| predecessor1 = [[Matilda of Ringelheim]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Adelaide of Italy]]\u000a| birth_date = 910\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 26 January {{death year and age|946|910}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_place = [[Cathedral of Magdeburg]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[Ottonian dynasty]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Edward the Elder]]\u000a| mother = [[Ælfflæd, wife of Edward the Elder|Ælfflæd]]\u000a| spouse = [[Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| issue = [[Liutgarde|Liutgarde, Duchess of Lorraine]] <br> [[Liudolf, Duke of Swabia]]\u000a
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+aVInfobox saint\u000a|name=Saint Eadburh of Winchester\u000a|birth_date=\u000a|death_date=15 June 960\u000a|feast_day=15 June\u000a|venerated_in=[[Anglican Communion]]<br>[[Roman Catholic Church]]<br>[[Orthodox Church]]\u000a|image=\u000a|imagesize=\u000a|caption=\u000a|birth_place=\u000a|death_place=\u000a|titles=\u000a|beatified_date=\u000a|beatified_place=\u000a|beatified_by=\u000a|canonized_date=972\u000a|canonized_place=\u000a|canonized_by=\u000a|attributes=\u000a|patronage=\u000a|major_shrine=\u000a|suppressed_date=\u000a|issues=\u000a
+p274
+aVInfobox saint\u000a|name=Saint Eadburh of Winchester\u000a|birth_date=\u000a|death_date=15 June 960\u000a|feast_day=15 June\u000a|venerated_in=[[Anglican Communion]]<br>[[Roman Catholic Church]]<br>[[Orthodox Church]]\u000a|image=\u000a|imagesize=\u000a|caption=\u000a|birth_place=\u000a|death_place=\u000a|titles=\u000a|beatified_date=\u000a|beatified_place=\u000a|beatified_by=\u000a|canonized_date=972\u000a|canonized_place=\u000a|canonized_by=\u000a|attributes=\u000a|patronage=\u000a|major_shrine=\u000a|suppressed_date=\u000a|issues=\u000a
+p275
+aVInfobox saint\u000a|name= Edith of Wilton\u000a|birth_date=961 |death_date=984\u000a|feast_day= 16 September\u000a|venerated_in= [[Anglican Communion]], [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]]\u000a|image=Edith of Wilton.jpg\u000a|caption=\u000a|birth_place=[[Kemsing, Kent]]\u000a|death_place=[[Wilton Abbey]]\u000a|titles=\u000a|canonized_date=\u000a|canonized_place=\u000a|canonized_by=\u000a|attributes= learning, beauty\u000a|patronage=[[Wilton Abbey]]\u000a|major_shrine=\u000a|suppressed_date=\u000a|issues=\u000a
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+aVInfobox royalty|Monarch\u000a| name = Harald II \u000a| title = [[King of Denmark]]\u000a| image = Harald 2 ukendt kunstner 1685.jpg\u000a| caption = 17th century depiction of Harald II.\u000a| reign = 1014\u20131018\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor = [[Sweyn Forkbeard]]\u000a| successor = [[Cnut the Great]]\u000a| spouse =\u000a| issue =\u000a| royal house =\u000a| royal anthem =\u000a| father = [[Sweyn Forkbeard]]\u000a| mother = [[\u015awi\u0119tos\u0142awa]] / [[Sigrid the Haughty|Sigrid]]/ [[Gunhild of Wenden|Gunhild]] ([[Cnut the Great#Birth and kingship|detail]])\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 1018\u000a| death_place = \u000a| place of burial= \u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edmund\u000a| image = Edmund, son of Edmund Ironside.jpg\u000a| birth_date = {{circa|1015\u201317}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Anglo-Saxon England|England]]\u000a| death_date = before 1054\u000a| death_place = [[Budapest]], [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]]{{sfn|Weir|2008|p=29}}\u000a| spouse = Hedwig of Hungary\u000a| father = [[Edmund Ironside|Edmund II Ironside]]\u000a| mother = [[Ealdgyth (floruit 1015\u20131016)|Ealdgyth]]\u000a| house = [[House of Wessex]]\u000a
+p278
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Svein Knutsson \u000a| image = \u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| caption = \u000a| succession = [[List of Norwegian monarchs|King of Norway]]\u000a| reign = 1030 – 1035\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor = [[Cnut the Great|Cnut I]]\u000a| successor = [[Magnus I of Norway|Magnus I]]\u000a| regent = [[Cnut the Great|Cnut I]]<br />[[Ælfgifu of Northampton|Ælfgifu]]\u000a| reg-type = Co-King<br />Regent\u000a| spouse = \u000a| issue = \u000a| issue-link = \u000a| issue-pipe = \u000a| house = [[House of Knýtlinga|House of Denmark]]\u000a| father = [[Cnut the Great]]\u000a| mother = [[Ælfgifu of Northampton]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1016\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{death year and age|1035|1016}}\u000a| death_place = [[Denmark]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = \u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p279
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| image = Gunhilda.jpg\u000a| succession = [[Holy Roman Empress]]\u000a| reign = 1036-1038\u000a| coronation = \u000a| predecessor =[[Gisela of Swabia]]\u000a| successor = [[Agnes of Poitou]]\u000a| spouses = [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| issue = [[Beatrice I, Abbess of Quedlinburg]]\u000a| house = [[House of Denmark]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[Salian Dynasty]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Canute the Great]]\u000a| mother = [[Emma of Normandy]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1020\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 18 July {{death year and age|1038|1020}}\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial =\u000a| signature =\u000a| religion =\u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Gytha of Wessex\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| house = [[House of Godwin]] <small>(by birth)</small><br> [[Rurik Dynasty]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Harold Godwinson]]\u000a| mother = [[Edith Swannesha]]\u000a| spouse = [[Vladimir II Monomakh]]\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 1098 or 1107\u000a| death_place = \u000a
+p281
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Robert Curthose\u000a| image = Curthose.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| reign = 9 September 1087 \u2013 1106\u000a| predecessor = [[William I of England|William I]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry I of England|Henry I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Sybilla of Conversano]]\u000a| issue = [[William Clito|William Clito, Count of Flanders]]\u000a| house = [[Norman Dynasty]]\u000a| father = [[William the Conqueror|William I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Flanders]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1050\u000a| birth_place = [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]], [[Kingdom of France|France]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1134|2|3|df=yes}} (aged c. 80\u201383)\u000a| death_place = [[Cardiff Castle]], [[Lord of Glamorgan|Glamorgan]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Gloucester Cathedral]], [[Gloucestershire]]\u000a
+p282
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Richard of Normandy\u000a| house = [[Norman Dynasty]]\u000a| father = [[William I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Flanders]]\u000a| birth_date = c.1054\u000a| birth_place = [[Normandy]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date = c.1069-1075\u000a| death_place = [[New Forest]], [[England]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a|
+p283
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+aVInfobox royalty|\u000a| name =Cecilia\u000a| title = [[Abbess of Holy Trinity]]<ref>''The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy'', Volume 2. [http://books.google.hr/books?id=sXvYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA115&dq=Cecilia+of+Normandy&hl=hr&sa=X&ei=sNYYUo7CCMK04ASB8IDADw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cecilia%20of%20Normandy&f=false Page 115].</ref>\u000a| imgw = 140\u000a| image = File:Cécile de Normandie.jpg\u000a| caption = Cecilia depicted on the family tree with her sisters\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy]]\u000a| father =[[William the Conqueror]]\u000a| mother =[[Matilda of Flanders]]\u000a| birth_date =c.1056\u000a| birth_place =[[Normandy]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date =30 July 1126 ( 69 - 70 )\u000a| death_place = [[Caen]], [[France]]\u000a| place of burial =\u000a
+p284
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Constance of Normandy\u000a| image = Constance of Normandy.jpg\u000a| imgw = 150px\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[List of consorts of Brittany|Duchess Consort of Brittany]]\u000a| reign = 1086\u20131090\u000a| spouse = [[Alan IV, Duke of Brittany]]\u000a| issue =\u000a| house = [[Norman Dynasty]]\u000a| father = [[William I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Flanders]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1057/1061\u000a| birth_place = [[Normandy]]\u000a| death_date = 13 August 1090\u000a| death_place =\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place= Church of St. Melaine, St Melans, [[Redon]]\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p285
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Eustace IV\u000a| image = Blason Courtenay.svg\u000a| imgw = 125\u000a| caption = Coat of arms of the County of Boulogne\u000a| succession = [[Count of Boulogne]]\u000a| reign = 25 December 1146<ref name="weir">Alison Weir, ''Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy'' (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 52</ref> \u2013 17 August 1153\u000a| predecessor = [[Matilda of Boulogne|Matilda I]] and [[Stephen of England|Stephen]]\u000a| pre-type = Predecessors\u000a| successor = [[William I, Count of Boulogne|William I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Constance of France (1124\u20131176)|Constance of France]]\u000a| house = [[House of Blois]]\u000a| father = [[Stephen of England|Stephen, King of the English]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Boulogne|Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1127\u20131135<ref name="weir" />\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1153|8|17|df=yes}} (aged c. 17\u201326)\u000a| death_place = [[Bury St Edmunds]], [[Suffolk]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Faversham Abbey]], [[Kent]]\u000a|
+p286
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Marie I\u000a| image = Blason_Courtenay.svg\u000a| imgw = 125\u000a| caption = Coat of arms of the county of Boulogne\u000a| succession = [[Countess of Boulogne]]\u000a| reign = 11 October 1159\u20131170\u000a| predecessor = [[William I, Count of Boulogne|William I]]\u000a| successor = [[Matthew of Alsace|Matthew]]\u000a| spouse = [[Matthew of Alsace]]<br />m. 1160; div. 1170\u000a| issue = [[Ida, Countess of Boulogne]]<br />[[Matilda of Flanders, Duchess of Brabant|Matilda, Duchess of Brabant]]\u000a| house = [[House of Blois]]\u000a| father = [[Stephen of England|Stephen, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Boulogne|Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne]]\u000a| birth_date = 1136\u000a| death_date = 25 July 1182 (aged c. 46)\u000a| death_place = St Austrebert, [[Montreuil, Eure-et-Loir|Montreuil]]\u000a| place of burial = St Austrebert\u000a|
+p287
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = William I\u000a| image = \u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[Count of Boulogne]]\u000a| reign = 17 August 1153 \u2013 11 October 1159\u000a| predecessor = [[Eustace IV of Boulogne|Eustace IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Marie of Boulogne|Mary I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Isabel de Warenne, 4th Countess of Surrey]]\u000a| house = [[House of Blois]]\u000a| father = [[Stephen of England|Stephen, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Matilda of Boulogne|Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1137\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1159|10|11|df=yes}} (aged c. 22)\u000a| death_place = [[Toulouse]], [[France]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Hospital]] of [[Montmorillon]], [[Poitou]]\u000a|
+p288
+aVInfobox royalty|none\u000a| name =Geoffrey\u000a| title =[[Count of Nantes]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father =[[Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou]]\u000a| mother =[[Empress Matilda]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1134|6|1|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Rouen]] or [[Argentan]], [[Normandy]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1158|7|27|1134|6|1|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Nantes]]\u000a|
+p289
+aVInfobox royalty|none\u000a| house =[[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father =[[Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou]]\u000a| mother =[[Empress Matilda]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1136|7|22|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Argentan]], [[Normandy]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1164|1|30|1136|7|22|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Rouen]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Rouen Cathedral|Cathedral of Notre-Dame]], [[Rouen]]\u000a|
+p290
+aVInfobox Christian leader\u000a| name = Geoffrey\u000a| archbishop_of = Archbishop of York\u000a| province = [[Diocese of York|York]]\u000a| diocese = [[Diocese of York]]\u000a| see = [[Archbishop of York]]\u000a| appointed = August 1189\u000a| ended = 12 December 1212\u000a| predecessor = [[Roger de Pont L'Évêque]]\u000a| successor = [[Walter de Gray]]\u000a| ordination = \u000a| consecration = 18 August 1191\u000a| consecrated_by = [[Barthelemy de Vendôme|Bartholomew]], the [[Archbishop of Tours]]\u000a| other_post = [[Bishop of Lincoln]]-elect<br/>[[Archdeacon of Lincoln]]\u000a| birth_name = Geoffrey\u000a| birth_date = about 1152\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 12 December 1212\u000a| death_place = [[Normandy]]\u000a| buried = Notre Dame du Parc, [[Rouen]], [[Seine-Maritime]], [[France]]\u000a| parents = [[Henry II of England]]<br/> Ykenai\u000a
+p291
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = William IX\u000a| succession = [[Count of Poitiers]]\u000a| caption = The children of Henry II, William is the first on the left.\u000a| reign = 17 August 1153 \u2013 April 1156\u000a| house = house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[House of Angevin|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.|group="nb"}}\u000a| father = [[Henry II of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1153|8|17|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Normandy]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date = April 1156 (aged 2)\u000a| death_place = [[Wallingford Castle]], [[Berkshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Reading Abbey]], Berkshire\u000a
+p292
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Matilda of England\u000a| image =Matylda Anglicka.jpg\u000a| caption = \u000a| succession = Duchess consort of [[List of rulers of Saxony|Saxony]] and of [[List of rulers of Bavaria|Bavaria]]\u000a| spouse = [[Henry the Lion]], Duke of Saxony and of Bavaria\u000a| issue = Matilda, Countess of [[Lords, counts and dukes of Perche|Perche]] and Coucy<br />[[Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine]]<br />Lothar of Bavaria<br />[[Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor]], [[Duke of Swabia]]<br />[[William of Winchester, Lord of Lunenburg]]\u000a| issue-link = #Marriage\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[House of Angevin|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.|group="nb"}} ''(by birth)''<br />[[House of Welf]] ''(by marriage)''\u000a| father = [[Henry II of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date = 1156\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1189|6|28|df=yes}} (aged 32\u201333)\u000a| death_place = [[Braunschweig|Brunswick]], [[Lower Saxony]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Brunswick Cathedral]], Lower Saxony\u000a
+p293
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Geoffrey II\u000a| succession = [[List of rulers of Brittany|Duke of Brittany]]\u000a| image = Geoffrey2.jpg\u000a| reign = July 1181 \u2013 19 August 1186\u000a| predecessor = [[Constance, Duchess of Brittany|Constance]]\u000a| successor = [[Constance, Duchess of Brittany|Constance]]\u000a| spouse = [[Constance, Duchess of Brittany]]\u000a| issue = [[Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany]]<br />[[Arthur I, Duke of Brittany]]\u000a| issue-link = #Family\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[House of Angevin|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.|group="nb"}}\u000a| father = [[Henry II of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1158|9|23|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1186|8|19|1158|9|23|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Paris]], [[France]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Notre Dame de Paris]]\u000a| religion =[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p294
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Eleanor of England\u000a| image = EleonoraAngl.jpg\u000a| imgw = \u000a| succession = Queen consort of Castile\u000a| reign = September 1177 \u2013 5 October 1214\u000a| spouse = [[Alfonso VIII of Castile|Alfonso VIII, King of Castile]]\u000a| issue = [[Berengaria of Castile|Berengaria, Queen of Castile]]<br>[[Urraca of Castile, Queen of Portugal|Urraca, Queen of Portugal]]<br />[[Blanche of Castile|Blanche, Queen of France]]<br />[[Eleanor of Castile (died 1244)|Eleanor, Queen of Aragon]]<br />[[Henry I of Castile|Henry I, King of Castile]]\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| issue-link = #Children\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[House of Angevin|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.|group="nb"}}\u000a| father = [[Henry II of England|Henry II, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine|Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1162|10|13|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Domfront, Orne|Domfront]] Castle, [[Normandy]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1214|10|31|1162|10|13|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Burgos]], [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Abbey of Santa Maria la Real de Huelgas]], Burgos\u000a
+p295
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Joan of England\u000a| image = Richard_I_and_Joan_greeting_Philip_Augustus.jpg\u000a| caption = Joan and [[Richard I of England]] greet [[Philip II of France]]\u000a| succession = Queen consort of Sicily\u000a| reign = 13 February 1177 \u2013 11 November 1189\u000a| coronation = 13 February 1177\u000a| succession1 = Countess consort of Toulouse\u000a| reign1 = October 1196/7 \u2013 4 September 1199\u000a| reign-type1 = Consort\u000a| spouse = [[William II of Sicily]]<br />m. 1177; dec. 1189<br />[[Raymond VI of Toulouse]]<br />m. 1196/7; wid. 1199\u000a| issue = [[Bohemond, Duke of Apulia]] <br> [[Raymond VII of Toulouse]]<br> Mary of Toulouse <br> Richard of Toulouse\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] / [[House of Angevin|Angevin]]{{#tag:ref|Historians are divided in their use of the terms "Plantagenet" and "Angevin" in regards to Henry II and his sons. Some class Henry II to be the first Plantagenet King of England; others refer to Henry, Richard and John as the Angevin dynasty, and consider Henry III to be the first Plantagenet ruler.|group="nb"}} <small>(by birth)</small> <br />[[Hauteville family|House of Hauteville]] <br><small>(by first marriage)</small> <br />[[House of Rouergue]] <br><small>(by second marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Henry II of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date = October 1165\u000a| birth_place = [[Château d'Angers]], [[Anjou]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1199|09|04|df=yes}} (aged 33)\u000a| death_place = [[Fontevrault Abbey]]\u000a| place of burial = Fontevrault Abbey\u000a|
+p296
+aVInfobox Officeholder\u000a| honorific-prefix =\u000a| name = The Earl of Salisbury\u000a| honorific-suffix = \u000a| image = William Salisbury.jpg\u000a| imagesize =\u000a| smallimage =\u000a| caption = Drawing of effigy of William Longespée from his monument in [[Salisbury Cathedral]]\u000a| order =\u000a| office =\u000a| term_start =\u000a| term_end =\u000a| vicepresident =\u000a| viceprimeminister =\u000a| deputy =\u000a| lieutenant =\u000a| monarch =\u000a| president =\u000a| primeminister =\u000a| governor =\u000a| governor-general =\u000a| governor_general =\u000a| succeeding =<!-- For President-elect or equivalent -->\u000a| predecessor =\u000a| successor =\u000a| constituency =\u000a| majority =\u000a| order2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| office2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| term_start2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| term_end2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| vicepresident2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| viceprimeminister2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| deputy2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| lieutenant2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| monarch2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| president2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| primeminister2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| governor2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| succeeding2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| predecessor2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| successor2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| constituency2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| majority2 =<!-- Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number -->\u000a| birth_date = cir 1176\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 7 March 1226\u000a| death_place = [[Salisbury Castle]], [[Salisbury]], [[Wiltshire]], [[England]]\u000a| nationality =\u000a| party =\u000a| otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations -->\u000a| relations = Father: [[Henry II of England]];<br>Mother: [[Ida de Tosny]]\u000a| spouse = [[Ela, Countess of Salisbury]]\u000a| children = [[William II Longespée]] (1212?\u20131250)<br>\u000aRichard, a [[Canon (priest)|canon]] of [[Salisbury Cathedral|Salisbury]]<br>\u000aStephen (d. 1260), [[seneschal]] of Gascony<br>\u000a[[Nicholas Longespee|Nicholas]] (d. 1297), [[bishop of Salisbury]]<br>\u000aIsabella, married William de Vesey<br>\u000aEla Longespée (d. 1297)<br>\u000aIda Longespée<br>\u000aMary Longespée<br>\u000aPernell Longespée\u000a| residence =\u000a| alma_mater =\u000a| occupation =\u000a| profession =\u000a| religion =\u000a| signature =\u000a| website =\u000a| footnotes =\u000a
+p297
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Richard of Cornwall\u000a| succession = [[King of the Romans]]\u000a| image = Richard of Cornwall .jpg\u000a| caption = Seal of Richard, Earl of Cornwall, ''recto''. On his shield he displays the [[Royal arms of England]]\u000a| reign = 13 January 1257 \u2013 2 April 1272\u000a| coronation = 27 May 1257\u000a| predecessor = [[William II of Holland]]\u000a| successor = [[Rudolph I of Germany]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Earl of Cornwall]]\u000a| successor1 = [[Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall|Edmund, 2nd Earl]]\u000a| spouse = [[Isabel Marshal]]<br>[[Sanchia of Provence]]<br>[[Beatrice of Falkenburg]]\u000a| issue = John of Cornwall<br>Isabel of Cornwall<br>[[Henry of Almain]]<br>Nicholas of Cornwall<br>unnamed son<br>[[Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall]]<br>Philip of Cornwall<br>Sir Richard of Cornwall<br>Sir Walter of Cornwall<br>Joan of Cornwall\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[John, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of Angoulême]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1209|1|5|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Winchester Castle]], Hampshire, England\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1272|4|2|1209|1|5|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Berkhamsted Castle]], Hertfordshire, England\u000a| place of burial = [[Hailes Abbey]], Gloucestershire\u000a
+p298
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Joan of England\u000a| image = JoanEngland.jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scotland]]\u000a| reign = 21 June 1221 \u2013 4 March 1238\u000a| spouse = [[Alexander II of Scotland|Alexander II, King of Scots]]<br/>m. 21 June 1221; dec. 1238\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[John, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of Angoulême]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1210|7|22|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1238|3|4|1210|7|22|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Havering-atte-Bower]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Tarant Crawford]] Abbey, [[Dorset]]\u000a
+p299
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort= yes\u000a| image= BritLibRoyal14CVIIFol123FredIIAndIsabellaWed.jpg\u000a| caption = The wedding of Isabella and Emperor Frederick II\u000a| succession= [[List of Holy Roman Empresses|Holy Roman Empress]]; [[German Queen]]; Queen consort of Sicily\u000a| reign= 15 July 1235 \u2013 1 December 1241\u000a| spouse= [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| issue= [[Margaret of Sicily|Margaret, Landgravine of Thuringia]]\u000a| house= [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father= [[John, King of England]]\u000a| mother= [[Isabella of Angoulême]]\u000a| birth_date= 1214\u000a| birth_place= [[Gloucester]], England\u000a| death_date= {{Death date|1241|12|1|df=yes}} (aged 26\u201327)\u000a| death_place= [[Foggia]], [[Puglia]], Italy\u000a| place of burial= [[Andria Cathedral]], Italy\u000a
+p300
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = Countess of Pembroke; Countess of Leicester\u000a| image =Eleanor Plantagenet, Countess of Leicester.jpg\u000a| caption=\u000a| spouse = [[William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke]]<br />m. 1224; dec. 1231<br />[[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester]]<br />m. 1238; dec. 1265\u000a| issue = [[Henry de Montfort]]<br />[[Simon the younger de Montfort]]<br />[[Amaury de Montfort, Canon of York]]<br />[[Guy de Montfort, Count of Nola]]<br />[[Eleanor de Montfort]]\u000a| father = [[John, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of Angoulême]]\u000a| birth_date = 1215\u000a| birth_place = [[Gloucester]], Gloucestershire\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1275|4|13|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Montargis Abbey]], France\u000a| date of burial = 13 April 1275\u000a| place of burial = Montargis Abbey, France\u000a
+p301
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = majesty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scots]]\u000a| image = Margaret Plantagenet, Queen of Scotland.JPG\u000a| reign = 26 December 1251 \u2013 26 February 1275\u000a| spouse = [[Alexander III of Scotland]]<br/>m. 1251; dec. 1275\u000a| issue = [[Margaret of Scotland, Queen of Norway|Margaret, Queen of Norway]]<br />[[Alexander, Prince of Scotland]]\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| issue-link = #Family\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Henry III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Provence]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1240|09|29|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor Castle]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1275|02|26|1240|09|29|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Cupar Castle]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Dunfermline Abbey]], [[Fife]]\u000a
+p302
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a|name=Beatrice of England\u000a|succession=Countess of Richmond\u000a| image = Beatrix Engl.jpg\u000a|reign=1268–1275\u000a|spouse=[[John II, Duke of Brittany]]\u000a|issue=[[Arthur II, Duke of Brittany]]<br>[[John de Bretagne, 1st Earl of Richmond|John, 1st Earl of Richmond]]<br>[[Marie of Brittany, Countess of Saint-Pol|Marie, Countess of Saint Pol]]<br>[[Blanche of Brittany|Blanche, Countess of Artois]]\u000a|house=[[House of Plantagenet]] ''(by birth)''<br />[[House of Dreux]] ''(by marriage)''\u000a|father=[[Henry III of England|Henry III ''of Winchester'', King of England]]\u000a|mother=[[Eleanor of Provence]]\u000a|birth_date=25 June 1242\u000a|birth_place=[[Bordeaux]], France\u000a|death_date= 24 March 1275 (aged 32)\u000a|death_place= London, England\u000a|place of burial= [[Greyfriars, London|Grey Friars Church]], London\u000a|
+p303
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|royal\u000a| image = BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg\u000a|imgw= \u000a| caption = Miniature of Edmund with Saint George from an early 14th-century manuscript (Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Douce 231)\u000a| succession =[[Earl of Lancaster]] and [[Earl of Leicester|Leicester]]\u000a| successor = [[Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster|Thomas, 2nd Earl]]\u000a| spouse =[[Aveline de Forz|Lady Aveline de Forz]]<br />m. 1269; dec. 1273<br />[[Blanche of Artois]]<br />m. 1276; wid. 1296\u000a| issue =[[Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster]] <br>[[Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster]]<br>John, Lord of Beaufort<br>Mary\u000a| styles =The Earl of Lancaster<br>The Earl of Leicester\u000a| house =[[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father =[[Henry III of England|Henry III ''of Winchester'', King of England]]\u000a| mother =[[Eleanor of Provence]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1245|1|16|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1296|6|5|1245|1|16|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Bayonne]], [[Duchy of Aquitaine]]\u000a| date of burial = 15 July 1296\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a|
+p304
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Katherine\u000a| image = Katherine of England.jpg\u000a| caption = An image of Katherine in a 14th century [[illuminated manuscript]].\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Henry III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Provence]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1253|11|25|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Westminster Palace]], [[Westminster]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1257|5|3|1253|11|25|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Windsor Castle]]\u000a| burial_place = [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a
+p305
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Eleanor \u000a| caption = Depiction of princess Eleanor on the family tree\u000a| image = Eleanor, Countess of Bar.jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of consorts of Bar|Countess of Bar]]\u000a| reign = 1293 \u2013 12 October 1298\u000a| spouse = [[Henry III, Count of Bar]]<br />m. 1293; wid. 1298\u000a| issue = [[Edward I, Count of Bar]]<br />[[Joan of Bar, Countess of Surrey]]<br/>Eleanor?\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] ''(by birth)''<br />[[House of Montbelliard]] ''(by marriage)''\u000a| father = [[Edward I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1269|6|18|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Windsor, Berkshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1298|8|29|1269|6|18|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Ghent]], [[County of Flanders]]\u000a| date of burial = 12 October 1298\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a
+p306
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = [[Earl of Hertford|Countess of Hertford]]<br>[[Earl of Gloucester|Countess of Gloucester]]\u000a| image = Joan of Acre.jpg\u000a| spouse = [[Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester]], 6th Earl of Hertford<br />m. 1290; dec. 1295<br />[[Ralph de Monthermer, 1st Baron Monthermer|Sir Ralph de Monthermer]]<ref>called Earl of Hertford, jure uxoris; later 1st Baron Monthermer</ref><br />m. 1297; wid. 1307\u000a| issue = [[Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford]]<br />[[Eleanor de Clare]]<br />[[Margaret de Clare]]<br />[[Elizabeth de Clare]]<br />[[Mary de Monthermer]]<br />Joan de Monthermer<br />[[Thomas de Monthermer, 2nd Baron Monthermer]]<br />Edward de Monthermer\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward I of England|Edward I ''Longshanks'']]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = April 1272\u000a| birth_place = [[Acre, Israel|Acre]], [[Kingdom of Jerusalem|Kingdom of Acre]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1307|4|23|df=yes}} (aged 35)\u000a| death_place = [[Clare Castle]], [[Clare, Suffolk|Clare]]\u000a| date of burial = 23 April 1307\u000a| place of burial = [[Clare Priory]], [[Suffolk]]\u000a
+p307
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Margaret of England\u000a| image = Margaret, Duchess of Brabant.jpg\u000a| caption = Depiction of Margaret on the family tree. Her sister [[Mary of Woodstock]] was a nun; she can be seen at the right.\u000a| imgw = 120px\u000a| succession = [[Duchess of Brabant]], [[Duke of Lothier|Lothier]] and [[Duchess of Limburg|Limburg]]\u000a| reign = 3 May 1294 \u2013 27 October 1312\u000a| spouse = [[John II, Duke of Brabant]]<br />m. 1290; dec. 1312\u000a| issue = [[John III, Duke of Brabant]]\u000a| father = [[Edward I of England|Edward I ''Longshanks'']]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1275|3|15|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]]\u000a| death_date = aft. 1333 (aged c. 58)\u000a| death_place = Belgium\u000a| place of burial = [[Cathedral of St. Michael and St. Gudula]], [[Brussels]]\u000a
+p308
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title =[[Princess]] of [[England]]\u000a| image =Mary of Woodstock.jpg\u000a| imgw = 145px\u000a| caption =Mary depicted on the family tree of the kings of England\u000a| father = [[Edward I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1278|3||df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Woodstock Palace]], [[Oxfordshire]]\u000a| death_date = c. 1332\u000a
+p309
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| title = [[Earl of Hereford|Countess of Hereford]]\u000a| image = Elizabeth from Rhuddlan.jpg\u000a| imgw = 160px\u000a| caption = Image of Elizabeth and her brother on the family tree \u000a| succession = [[Countess of Holland|Countess consort of Holland]]\u000a| reign = 8 January 1297 \u2013 10 November 1299\u000a| spouse = [[John I, Count of Holland]]<br />m. 1297; dec. 1299<br />[[Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford]]<br />m. 1302; wid. 1316\u000a| issue = [[Lady Eleanor de Bohun]]<br />[[John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford]]<br />[[Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford]]<br />[[Margaret de Bohun, 2nd Countess of Devon]]<br />[[William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton]]<br />Edward de Bohun<br />Eneas de Bohun\u000a| father = [[Edward I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Eleanor of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1282|8|7|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Rhuddlan Castle]], [[Denbighshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1316|5|5|1282|8|7|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Quendon]], [[Essex]]| place of burial = [[Waltham Abbey (town)|Waltham Abbey]], [[Essex]]\u000a
+p310
+aVInfobox Peer\u000a|name = Thomas of Brotherton\u000a|image = Arms_of_Thomas_of_Brotherton,_1st_Earl_of_Norfolk.svg\u000a|image_size = 160px\u000a|caption = [[Coat of arms]] of Thomas, Earl of Norfolk\u000a|birth_name = \u000a|birth_date = {{Birth date|1300|6|1|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place = [[Brotherton]], [[Yorkshire]]\u000a|death_date = August 1338 (aged 38)\u000a|death_place = \u000a|death_cause = \u000a|body_discovered = \u000a|resting_place = [[Bury St Edmunds Abbey]], [[Suffolk]]\u000a|resting_place_coordinates ={{coord|52|14|38.76|N|0|43|9.12|E|type:landmark_region:GB_dim:1000|display=inline}}\u000a|title = 1st [[Earl of Norfolk]]\u000a|tenure = 1312 \u2013 1338\u000a|other_titles = \u000a|residence = \u000a|nationality = \u000a|locality = \u000a|other_names = \u000a|years_active = 1316 \u2013 1338\u000a|wars_and_battles = '''[[Second War of Scottish Independence]]'''<br/>\u000a*[[Battle of Halidon Hill]]\u000a|offices = [[Earl Marshal]]\u000a|networth = \u000a|known_for = Younger half-brother of [[Edward II of England]]\u000a|predecessor = New creation\u000a|heir = \u000a|successor = [[Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk]]\u000a|spouse = Alice Hales <br />Mary Brewes\u000a|issue = [[Edward of Norfolk]]<br>[[Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk]]<br>[[Alice of Norfolk]]\u000a|parents = [[Edward I of England]]<br>[[Margaret of France, Queen of England|Margaret of France]]\u000a|signature = \u000a|footnotes = \u000a|misc = \u000a
+p311
+aVInfobox Peer\u000a|name = Edmund of Woodstock\u000a|image = Arms_of_Edmund_of_Woodstock,_1st_Earl_of_Kent.svg\u000a|image_size = \u000a|caption = [[Coat of arms]] of Edmund, Earl of Kent\u000a|birth_name = \u000a|birth_date = {{Birth date|1301|8|5|df=yes}}\u000a|birth_place = [[Woodstock, Oxfordshire|Woodstock]], [[Oxfordshire]]\u000a|death_date = {{Death date and age|1330|3|19|1301|8|5|df=yes}}\u000a|death_place = [[Winchester Castle]]\u000a|death_cause = Execution\u000a|body_discovered = \u000a|resting_place = [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a|resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|51|29|58|N|0|7|43|W|type:landmark_region:GB_dim:1000|display=inline}}\u000a|title = 1st [[Earl of Kent]]\u000a|tenure = 26 July 1321 \u2013 19 March 1330\u000a|other_titles = \u000a|residence = \u000a|nationality = \u000a|locality = \u000a|other_names = \u000a|years_active = 1318 \u2013 1330\u000a|wars_and_battles = [[War of Saint-Sardos]]\u000a|offices = [[Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports]]\u000a|networth = \u000a|known_for = Younger half-brother of [[Edward II of England]]\u000a|predecessor = New creation\u000a|heir = \u000a|successor = [[Edmund, 2nd Earl of Kent]]\u000a|spouse = [[Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell]]\u000a|issue = Edmund, 2nd Earl of Kent<br />Margaret, Viscountess of Tartas<br />[[Joan of Kent|Joan, 4th Countess of Kent, Princess of Wales]]<br>[[John, 3rd Earl of Kent]]\u000a|parents = [[Edward I of England]]<br>[[Margaret of France, Queen of England|Margaret of France]]\u000a|signature = \u000a|footnotes = \u000a|misc = \u000a
+p312
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = John ''of Eltham''\u000a| title = [[Earl of Cornwall]]\u000a| image = John of Eltham.jpg\u000a| imgw = 140px\u000a| caption = John on the family tree of English kings\u000a| father = [[Edward II of England|Edward II ''of Carnarvon'', King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of France]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1316|8|25|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Eltham Palace]], [[Kent]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1336|9|13|1316|8|25|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Perth, Scotland|Perth]], [[Scotland]]\u000a| date of burial = January 1337\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a
+p313
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Eleanor of Woodstock\u000a| image = Eleanor_of_Woodstock,tree.jpg\u000a| imgw = 100px\u000a| caption = Eleanor depicted on her seal\u000a| succession = Countess of Guelders\u000a| reign = 1326 \u2013 12 October 1343\u000a| spouse = [[Reginald II, Duke of Guelders]]\u000a| issue = [[Reginald III, Duke of Guelders]]<br />[[Edward, Duke of Guelders]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] ''(by birth)''<br />[[House of Wassenberg]] ''(by marriage)''\u000a| father = [[Edward II of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of France]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1318|6|18|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Woodstock, Oxfordshire|Woodstock]], [[Oxfordshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1355|4|22|1318|6|18|df=yes}}\u000a| place of burial = [[Deventer]] Abbey, [[Salland]]\u000a
+p314
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Joan of the Tower\u000a| image = Joan of the Tower.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| caption= Portrait of Joan, detail from a 14th-century genealogical roll chronicle of the English Kings \u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scotland]]\u000a| reign = 7 June 1329 \u2013 7 September 1362\u000a| coronation = November 1331\u000a| spouse = [[David II of Scotland|David II]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward II of England|Edward II]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of France]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1321|7|5|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Tower of London]], London\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1362|9|7|1321|7|5|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Hertford Castle]], [[Hertfordshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Christ Church Greyfriars]], London\u000a
+p315
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Isabella of England\u000a| succession = [[Lords of Coucy|Lady of Coucy]]\u000a| reign = 27 July 1365 \u2013 April 1379 or 1382\u000a| reign-type = Tenure\u000a| succession1 = Countess consort of [[Soissons]]\u000a| reign1 = 1367 - April 1379 or 1382\u000a| reign1-type = Tenure\u000a| spouse = [[Enguerrand VII, Lord of Coucy]]\u000a| issue = [[Marie I de Coucy, Countess of Soissons|Marie, Countess of Soissons]]<br>[[Philippa de Coucy|Philippa de Vere, Duchess of Ireland]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]] ''(by birth)''<br>[[Lord of Coucy|House of Coucy]] ''(by marriage)''\u000a| father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1332|6|16|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Woodstock Palace]], [[Oxfordshire]]\u000a| death_date = April 1379 (aged 46) ''or'' 17 June/5 October 1382 (aged 50)\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial = [[Christ Church Greyfriars|Greyfriars Church]] [[Newgate]]\u000a
+p316
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Joan of England\u000a| image = Lady Joan Plantagenet.jpg\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| birth_date = December 19, 1333 or January 28, 1334\u000a| birth_place = [[Tower of London]] ''(perhaps)''\u000a| death_date = September 2, 1348\u000a| place of burial = [[Bayonne Cathedral]], [[France]]\u000a
+p317
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Lionel ''of Antwerp''\u000a| title = [[Duke of Clarence]]\u000a| image = LionelDukeOfClarenceAtWestminster.jpg\u000a| caption = Lionel, Duke of Clarence. 19th-century drawing of bronze statuette on south side of tomb of his father King Edward III\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Ulster]]\u000a| moretext = (''[[jure uxoris]]'')\u000a| predecessor = [[William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster|William Donn de Burgh]]\u000a| regent = [[Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster|Elizabeth de Burgh]]\u000a| reg-type = co-Ruler\u000a| successor = [[Philippa, 5th Countess of Ulster|Philippa]] ''with'' [[Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March|Roger Mortimer]]\u000a| spouse = [[Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster|Elizabeth de Burgh]]<br />m. 1352; dec. 1363<br />[[Violante Visconti]]<br />m. 1368; wid. 1368\u000a| issue = [[Philippa, 5th Countess of Ulster|Philippa of Clarence, 5th Countess of Ulster]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1338|11|29|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Antwerp]], Belgium\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1368|10|7|1338|11|29|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Alba, Italy|Alba]], Piedmont\u000a| place of burial = [[Clare Priory]], Suffolk\u000a
+p318
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = Mary Duchess of Brittany<ref>Bronze statuette on the tomb of Edward III in St Edwards Chapel, Westminster Abbey{{cite web|title=Mary, Duchess of Brittany|url=http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/people/mary,-duchess-of-brittany|work=Westminster Abbey|accessdate=7 April 2014|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20131203015211/http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/people/mary,-duchess-of-brittany|archivedate=3 December 2013}}</ref>\u000a| image = Mary Plantagenet of Brittany.jpg\u000a| spouse = [[John V, Duke of Brittany]]\u000a| house = [[Plantagenet]]\u000a|father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a|mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| styles = The Duchess of Brittany<br />Mary of Waltham\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1344|10|10|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Bishop's Waltham|Waltham]], [[Hampshire]]\u000a| death_date = September 1361 (aged 16)\u000a| place of burial = [[Abingdon Abbey]], [[Berkshire]]\u000a
+p319
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Margaret of England\u000a| title = Countess of Pembroke\u000a| spouse = [[John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke]]<br />m. 1359; wid. 1361\u000a| styles = The Countess of Pembroke<br />Margaret ''of Windsor''\u000a| father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1346|7|20|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = c. 1 October \u2013 25 December 1361 (aged 15)\u000a
+p320
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Thomas of Woodstock\u000a| title = [[Duke of Gloucester]] and [[Duke of Aumale|of Aumale]]<br>[[Earl of Essex]] and [[Earl of Buckingham|of Buckingham]]\u000a| image = ThomasWoodstock.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Buckingham]]\u000a| successor = [[Humphrey, 2nd Earl of Buckingham|Humphrey]]\u000a| spouse = [[Eleanor de Bohun]]\u000a| issue = [[Humphrey, 2nd Earl of Buckingham]]<br />[[Anne of Gloucester]]<br /> Joan <br /> Isabel <br /> Philippa\u000a| issue-link = #Heirs\u000a| styles = The Duke of Gloucester<br />The Earl of Buckingham<br />The Earl of Essex<br />The Lord Thomas\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father = [[Edward III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Philippa of Hainault]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1355|1|7|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Woodstock Palace]], [[Oxfordshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1397|9|8|1355|1|7|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Calais]], [[Pale of Calais]]\u000a
+p321
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Thomas ''of Lancaster''\u000a| title = Duke of Clarence<br>Earl of Aumale\u000a| spouse = [[Margaret Holland]]\u000a| father = [[Henry IV of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary de Bohun]]\u000a| birth_date = 1387\u000a| birth_place = probably London\u000a| death_date = {{Death date |1421|3|22|df=yes}} (aged 34)\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Baugé]], [[France]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Canterbury Cathedral]], [[Kent]]\u000a
+p322
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = John of Lancaster \u000a| title = [[Duke of Bedford]]<br>[[Regent|Regent of France]]\u000a| image = John, Duke of Bedford - British Library Add MS 18850 f256v - detail.jpg\u000a| caption = John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford<br> (miniature from [[Bedford Hours]])\u000a| spouse = [[Anne of Burgundy]]<br />m. 1423; dec. 1432<br />[[Jacquetta of Luxembourg]]<br />m. 1433; wid. 1435\u000a| father = [[Henry IV of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary de Bohun]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1389|6|20|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1435|9|14|1389|6|20|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Castle of 'Joyeux Repos']], [[Rouen]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Rouen Cathedral]], [[Normandy]]\u000a
+p323
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Humphrey of Lancaster \u000a| title = Duke of Gloucester<br>Earl of Pembroke \u000a| image = HumphreyGloucester.jpg\u000a| imgw = 120\u000a| caption = Gloucester in a 15th century drawing\u000a| spouse = [[Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut]]<br />m. 1422; ann. 1428<br />[[Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester|Eleanor Cobham]]<br />m. bet. 1428\u20131431; ann. c. 1441\u000a| issue = (possibly) Arthur of Gloucester<br />[[Antigone Plantagenet|Antigone, Countess of Tankerville]]\u000a| father = [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV ''(of) Bolingbroke'', King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary de Bohun]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1390|10|3|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1447|2|23|1390|10|3|df=yes}}\u000a
+p324
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Blanche of England\u000a| image = Blanche of England.jpg\u000a| spouse = [[Louis III, Elector Palatine]]<br />m. 1402; wid. 1409\u000a| issue = Rupert, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate\u000a| father = [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary de Bohun]]\u000a| birth_date = Spring 1392\u000a| birth_place = Peterborough Castle, [[Northamptonshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1409|5|22|df=yes}} (aged 17)\u000a| death_place = [[Haguenau]], [[Alsace]] \u000a| place of burial = St Mary's at [[Neustadt an der Weinstrasse|Neustadt]], [[Electorate of the Palatinate]]\u000a
+p325
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name = Philippa of England\u000a| succession = [[Queen consort of Denmark]],<br>[[Queen consort of Sweden|Sweden]] and [[Queen consort of Norway|Norway]]\u000a| reign = 1406\u20131430\u000a| image = Philippa vadstena.JPG\u000a| spouse = [[Eric of Pomerania|Eric, King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway]]\u000a| father = [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV, King of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary de Bohun]]\u000a| house = [[House of Lancaster]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1394|6|4|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Peterborough Castle]], [[Northamptonshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1430|1|5|1394|6|4|df=yes}}\u000a| place of burial = Cloister Church at [[Vadstena]], [[Linköping]]\u000a
+p326
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Lady Margaret Holland\u000a| title = Countess of Somerset; Duchess of Clarence\u000a| image = Arms of Margaret Holland, Countess of Somerset.svg\u000a| spouse = [[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset]]<br />m. c. 1399; dec. 1410<br />[[Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence|Thomas ''of Lancaster'', 1st Duke of Clarence]]<br />m. 1411; dec. 1421\u000a| issue = [[Henry Beaufort, 2nd Earl of Somerset]]<br />[[John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset]]<br />Thomas Beaufort, Earl of Perche<br />[[Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland]]<br />[[Edmund Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset]]<br />[[Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Devon]]\u000a| father = [[Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent]]\u000a| mother = [[Alice FitzAlan (1350-1416)|Lady Alice Fitzalan]]\u000a| birth_date = 1385\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1439|12|31|df=yes}} (aged 54)\u000a| place of burial = [[Canterbury Cathedral]], [[Kent]]\u000a
+p327
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| image = Mary of York.JPG\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1467|8|11|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1482|5|23|1467|8|11|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Greenwich Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a
+p328
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Cecily of York\u000a| image = Cecily of York.JPG\u000a| title = Viscountess Welles\u000a| spouse = Ralph Scrope, 9th Baron Scrope of Masham<br />union annulled<br />[[John Welles, 1st Viscount Welles]]<br />m. 1487/8; dec. 1499<br />Sir Thomas Kymbe<br />m 1502\u20131504; wid. 1507\u000a| issue = Elizabeth Welles<br />Anne Welles\u000a| issue-link = #Later life\u000a| issue-pipe = possibly among others\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1469|3|20|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Westminster Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1507|8|24|1469|3|20|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Sandown]], [[Isle of Wight]]<br />''or'' [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]], [[Hertfordshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Quarr Abbey]], [[Isle of Wight]] ''or''<br />the friary at [[Kings Langley]], Herts\u000a
+p329
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Margaret of York\u000a| image = \u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1472|4|10|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Winchester Castle]], [[Hampshire]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1472|12|11|1472|4|10|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[City of Westminster]], [[London]]\u000a
+p330
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Richard of Shrewsbury\u000a| title = Duke of York; Duke of Norfolk\u000a| image = Richard of Shrewsbury.jpg\u000a| imgw = 150px\u000a| spouse = [[Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk]]\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1473|8|17|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Shrewsbury]], [[Shropshire]]\u000a| death_date =Unknown (presumed c.1483)\u000a| death_place = \u000a| place of burial = \u000a
+p331
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Anne of York\u000a| title = \u000a| image = The Daughters of Edward IV.jpg\u000a| caption = The five daughters of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville, (left to right): Elizabeth, Cecily, Anne, Catherine, and Mary. Royal Window, Northwest Transept, Canterbury Cathedral.\u000a| spouse = [[Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk|Thomas Howard]] ''(later 3rd Duke of Norfolk)''\u000a| issue = Thomas Howard\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1475|11|2|df=yes}}<ref name="dnb">* {{cite DNB|wstitle=Howard, Thomas II (1473-1554)|volume=28|pages=64-67}}</ref>\u000a| birth_place = [[Westminster Palace]], [[London]]<ref name="dnb" />\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1511|11|23|1475|11|2|df=yes}}<ref name="Richardson">Douglas Richardson. ''Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families,'' 2nd Edition, 2011. pg 275.</ref>\u000a| place of burial = ''first:'' [[Thetford Priory]], [[Norfolk]]<br />''later:'' [[Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham|St Michael's]], [[Framlingham]]\u000a
+p332
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = George of York\u000a| title = 1st Duke of Bedford\u000a| image = \u000a| imgw = 150px\u000a| spouse = \u000a| issue = \u000a| styles = 1st Duke of Bedford<br>George of York\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1477|03||df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = March 1479 (aged 2)\u000a| death_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]], [[England]]\u000a
+p333
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = Countess of Devon\u000a| image = Katherine of York.jpg\u000a| spouse = [[William Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon]]\u000a| issue = [[Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter]]<br />Edward Courtenay<br />[[Margaret Courtenay]]\u000a| house = [[House of York]] ''(by birth)''\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1479|8|14|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Eltham Palace]], [[Greenwich]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1527|11|15|1479|8|14|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Tiverton, Devon|Tiverton Castle]], [[Devon]]\u000a
+p334
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Bridget ''of York''\u000a| image = BrigídaYork01.JPG\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Edward IV of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1480|11|10|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Eltham Palace]], [[Greater London|London]]\u000a| death_date = 1517 (aged 37)\u000a| death_place = [[Dartford Priory]], [[Kent]]\u000a
+p335
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward of Middleham\u000a| title = [[Prince of Wales]] and [[Earl of Chester]],<br />[[Duke of Cornwall]], [[Earl of Salisbury]]\u000a| image = Mw123655.jpg\u000a| caption = An engraving of the royal family reading ''Edward, P. of Wales''\u000a| full name = {{lang-en|Edward of Middleham}}<br />{{lang-cy|Iorwerth chan Middleham}}\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Richard III of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne Neville]]\u000a| birth_date = December 1473\u000a| birth_place = [[Middleham]], [[Wensleydale]]\u000a| death_date = {{OldStyleDate|9 April|1484|31 March}} (aged 10)\u000a| death_place = [[Middleham]], [[Wensleydale]]\u000a| burial_date = April 1484\u000a| burial_place = unknown\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]\u000a
+p336
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| father = [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1492|7|2|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Richmond Palace]], England\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1495|9|14|1492|7|2|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Eltham Palace]], England\u000a| place of burial = Chapel of St [[Edward the Confessor]], [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a
+p337
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edmund Tudor\u000a| title = Duke of Somerset\u000a| father = [[Henry VII of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1499|2|21|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Greenwich Palace]], [[Greater London|London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1500|6|19|df=yes}} (aged {{Age for infant|abbr=yes|1499|2|21|1500|6|19|df=yes}})\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a
+p338
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Katherine Tudor\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Henry VII of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1503|2|2|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Tower of London]], [[Greater London|London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1503|2|10|df=yes}} (aged {{Age for infant|abbr=yes|1503|2|2|1503|2|10|df=yes}})\u000a
+p339
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry Frederick\u000a| title = Prince of Wales; Duke of Rothesay\u000a| image =Henry Prince of Wales after Isaac Oliver.jpg \u000a| imgw = \u000a| caption = Henry Frederick in c. 1610\u000a| titles = The Prince of Wales<br />The Duke of Cornwall<br />The Duke of Rothesay\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James VI and I|James I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = 19 February 1594\u000a| birth_place = [[Stirling Castle]], Scotland\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1612|11|6|1594|2|19|df=yes}}\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a|
+p340
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Margaret Stuart\u000a| image = Princess Margaret (1598-1600).jpg\u000a| caption = Margaret accompanies her siblings in an 1814 mezzo-tint by Willem van de Passe.\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| father = [[James VI and I]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth_date|1598|12|24|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Dalkeith Palace]], [[Edinburgh]]\u000a| death_date = March 1600 (aged 1)\u000a| death_place = [[Linlithgow Palace]], [[Linlithgow]]\u000a| burial_place = [[Holyrood Abbey]], [[Edinburgh]]\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism]]\u000a
+p341
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = The Duke of Kintyre and Lorne\u000a| image = robertkintyre.jpg\u000a| caption = Robert, Duke of Kintyre in a 1625 engraving by ''James Webster''\u000a| title = \u000a| full name = Robert Bruce Stuart\u000a| royal house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James I of England|James VI]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = 18 January 1602\u000a| birth_place = [[Dunfermline Palace]], [[Fife]], [[Scotland]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1602|5|27|1602|1|18|df=yes}}<br />(aged {{age in days|1602|1|18|1602|5|27}} days)\u000a| death_place = Dunfermline Palace, Fife, Scotland\u000a| place of burial = Dunfermline Palace, Fife, Scotland\u000a|
+p342
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Mary Stuart\u000a| image = Princess Mary (1605-1607).jpg\u000a| caption = Mary accompanies her siblings in an 1814 mezzo-tint by Willem van de Passe.\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James VI and I]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth_date|1605|04|08|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Greenwich Palace]], [[Greenwich]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1607|09|16|1605|04|08|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = Stanwell Park<!--do not link to the park in Australia-->, [[Stanwell]]\u000a| burial_date = {{start date|1607|09|23|df=yes}}\u000a| burial_place = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism]]\u000a
+p343
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Elizabeth Stuart\u000a| caption =Princess Elizabeth in 1649.\u000a| image =Princess Elizabeth - NPG D28654.jpg\u000a| house =[[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father =[[Charles I of England]]\u000a| mother =[[Henrietta Maria of France]]\u000a| birth_date =28 December 1635\u000a| birth_place =[[St. James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1650|9|8|1635|12|28|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Carisbrooke Castle]], [[Isle of Wight]]\u000a| date of burial =24 September 1650\u000a| place of burial =St. Thomas's Church, [[Newport, Isle of Wight|Newport]], [[Isle of Wight]]\u000a
+p344
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Anne of England\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| image = Princess Anne - NPG D26443.jpg\u000a| caption = Princess Anne in {{circa|1639}}.\u000a| father = [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]\u000a| mother = [[Henrietta Maria of France]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1637|3|17|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[St. James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1640|11|5|1637|3|17|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Richmond Palace]], [[London]]{{sfn|Weir|1996|p=253}}\u000a| date of burial = 8 December 1640{{efn|Some sources place her death on this day, e.g. [[Joseph Lemuel Chester|Chester, Joseph Lemuel]] (editor) (1876). [http://www.archive.org/stream/marriagebaptism00chesgoog#page/n154/mode/2up ''The Marriage, Baptismal, and Burial Registers of the Collegiate Church or Abbey of St. Peter, Westminster'']. Page 134. London: Harleian Society.}}\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a|
+p345
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Henry Stuart\u000a| title = Duke of Gloucester\u000a| image = Henry, Duke of Gloucester.jpg\u000a| caption = Prince Henry, [[circa|c.]] 1653, by [[Adriaen Hanneman]]\u000a| royal house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]\u000a| mother = [[Henrietta Maria of France]]\u000a| birth_date = 8 July 1640\u000a| birth_place = [[Oatlands Palace]], [[Surrey]]{{sfn|Weir|1996|p=253}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1660|9|13|1640|7|8|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Palace of Whitehall]], [[London]]{{sfn|Weir|1996|p=253}}\u000a| date of burial = 21 September 1660\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]{{sfn|Chester|1876|p=152}}\u000a
+p346
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| princess\u000a| name = Henrietta of England\u000a| title = [[Duchess of Orléans]]\u000a| reign-type=Tenure\u000a| image =Henrietta Anne, Duchess of Orleans by Pierre Mignard.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200\u000a| caption = Painting by [[Pierre Mignard|Mignard]]\u000a| spouse = [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|Philippe of France, Duke of Orléans]]\u000a| issue = [[Marie Louise of Orléans (1662\u20131689)|Marie Louise, Queen of Spain]]<br />[[Anne Marie d'Orléans|Anne Marie, Queen of Sardinia]]\u000a| issue-link =#Issue\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[Charles I of England]]\u000a| mother = [[Henrietta Maria of France]]\u000a| birth_date = 16 June 1644\u000a| birth_place = Bedford House, [[Exeter]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1670|6|30|1644|6|16|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Château de Saint Cloud]], [[France]]\u000a| date of burial=4 July 1670\u000a| place of burial = [[Basilica of St Denis|Royal Basilica of Saint Denis]], France\u000a| religion=[[Church of England]]<br>[[Roman Catholic]]\u000a
+p347
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Charles Stuart\u000a|title=[[Duke of Cambridge]]\u000a|house-type=House\u000a|house=[[House of Stuart]]\u000a|father=[[James II of England|James, Duke of York]]\u000a|mother=[[Anne Hyde]]\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1660|10|22|df=yes}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Worcester Park House|Worcester House]], [[London]]\u000a|death_date={{death date|1661|5|5|df=yes}} (aged 6 months)\u000a|death_place=[[Whitehall Palace]], [[London]]\u000a|burial_place=[[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a
+p348
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = James Stuart\u000a| title = [[Duke of Cambridge]]; [[Earl of Cambridge]]; [[Baron of Dauntsey]]\u000a| image = James, Duke of Cambridge - Wright 1666-7.jpg\u000a| caption = {{circa|1666\u20137}} portrait by [[John Michael Wright]]. James is shown wearing the robes and top-hat of the [[Order of the Garter]]. This is the only portrait of James painted from life.\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1663|7|12|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[St James's Palace]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1667|6|20|1663|7|11|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Richmond Palace]]\u000a| father = [[James II of England|James, Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne Hyde]]\u000a| date of burial = 26 June 1667\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism]]\u000a
+p349
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Charles Stuart\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1666|7|4|df=y}}\u000a|death_date={{death date|1667|5|22|df=y}}<br>{{age for infant|1666|7|4|1667|5|22}}\u000a|title=[[Duke of Kendal]]\u000a|birth_place=[[St James's Palace]]\u000a|death_place=[[St James's Palace]]\u000a|date of burial=30 May 1667\u000a|place of burial=[[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a|father=[[James II of England]]\u000a|mother=[[Anne Hyde]]\u000a
+p350
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Edgar Stuart\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1667|9|14|df=y}}\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1671|6|8|1667|9|14|df=y}}\u000a|father=[[James II of England]]\u000a|mother=[[Anne Hyde]]\u000a|succession=[[Duke of Cambridge]]\u000a
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+ag130
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+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Isabel\u000a|title=\u000a|image=PrincessIsabelLelly.jpg\u000a|caption=Isabel after Sir Peter Lely, circa 1679-1681\u000a|house=[[House of Stuart]]\u000a|father=[[James II of England|James, Duke of York]]\u000a|mother=[[Mary of Modena]]\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1676|8|28|df=yes}}\u000a|birth_place=[[St James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a|death_date={{death date|1681|3|2|df=yes}} (aged 4 years and 6 months)\u000a|death_place=St James' Palace, London\u000a|burial_place=[[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a
+p352
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Charles\u000a|title=[[Duke of Cambridge]]\u000a|house-type=House\u000a|house=[[House of Stuart]]\u000a|father=[[James II of England|James, Duke of York]]\u000a|mother=[[Mary of Modena]]\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1677|11|7|df=yes}}\u000a|birth_place=[[St James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a|death_date={{death date|1677|12|12|df=yes}} (aged {{age in days|1677|11|7|1677|12|12}} days)\u000a|death_place=[[St James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a|burial_place=[[Westminster Abbey]]\u000a
+p353
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = James Francis Edward\u000a| title = Prince of Wales\u000a| image = Prince James Francis Edward Stuart by Alexis Simon Belle.jpg\u000a| succession = [[Jacobitism|Jacobite pretender]]\u000a| caption = James Francis Edward Stuart, "The Old Pretender"\u000a| reign = 16 September 1701 \u2013 1 January 1766\u000a| reign-type = Pretence\u000a| predecessor = [[James II of England|James II and VII]]\u000a| successor = ''[[Charles Edward Stuart|Charles "III"]]''\u000a| spouse = [[Maria Klementyna Sobieska]]\u000a| issue = [[Charles Edward Stuart]] <br />[[Henry Benedict Stuart]]\u000a| full name = James Francis Edward Stuart\u000a| titles = James Stuart<br />The Prince of Wales<br />The Duke of Cornwall\u000a| house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James II of England|James II and VII]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary of Modena]]\u000a| son = [[Charles Edward Stewart]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1688|6|10|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[St. James's Palace]], London, [[Kingdom of England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1766|1|1|1688|6|10|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Palazzo Muti]], Rome, [[Papal States]]\u000a| place of burial = [[St. Peter's Basilica]], Vatican City\u000a|
+p354
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart\u000a| image = Princess Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart by Alexis Simon Belle 1704.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait of Princess Louisa Maria by [[Alexis Simon Belle]], 1704\u000a| full name =Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart\u000a| titles = The Lady Louisa Maria<br />The Princess Louisa Maria Teresa<br />The Princess Royal\u000a| royal house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James II of England|James II and VII]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary of Modena]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1692|6|28|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Château]] of [[Saint-Germain-en-Laye]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1712|4|18|1692|6|28|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = Chateau of Saint-Germain-en-Laye\u000a| place of burial = Church of the English Benedictines, [[Paris]]\u000a|
+p355
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince William\u000a| title = Duke of Gloucester\u000a| image = Prince William of Denmark.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[Godfrey Kneller|Sir Godfrey Kneller]], c. 1700\u000a| house = [[House of Oldenburg]]\u000a| father = [[Prince George of Denmark]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Princess Anne]], later Queen of Great Britain\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1689|7|24|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Hampton Court Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1700|7|30|1689|7|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Windsor Castle]], [[Windsor, Berkshire]]\u000a| date of burial = 9 August 1700\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a|
+p356
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+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name =Sophia Dorothea of Hanover\u000a| succession =[[Queen in Prussia]]<br>[[Electress of Brandenburg]]\u000a| image =Queen Sophie Dorothea of Prussia.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[Antoine Pesne]], 1726\u000a| reign =25 February 1713 – 31 May 1740\u000a| spouse =[[Frederick William I of Prussia]]\u000a| issue =[[Wilhelmine of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth|Wilhelmine, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth]]<br />[[Frederick the Great|Frederick II of Prussia]]<br />[[Princess Friederike Luise of Prussia|Princess Frederica Louise]]<br />[[Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia|Philippine Charlotte, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]<br />[[Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia|Sophia Dorothea, Margravine of Brandenburg-Schwedt]]<br />[[Louisa Ulrika of Prussia|Louisa Ulrika, Queen of Sweden]]<br />[[Prince Augustus William of Prussia|Prince Augustus William]]<br />[[Anna Amalia, Abbess of Quedlinburg]]<br />[[Prince Henry of Prussia (1726\u20131802)|Prince Henry]]<br />[[Prince Augustus Ferdinand of Prussia|Prince Augustus Ferdinand]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father =[[George I of Great Britain]]\u000a| mother =[[Sophia Dorothea of Celle]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1687|3|16|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Hanover]], [[Principality of Calenberg]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1757|6|28|1687|3|16|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Monbijou Palace]], [[Berlin]]\u000a|
+p357
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| name =Princess Anne\u000a| title =[[Princess Royal]]; [[Princess of Orange]]\u000a| image =Accama Anna van Hannover.jpg\u000a| imgw =200\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[Bernard Accama]], 1736\u000a| spouse =[[William IV, Prince of Orange]]\u000a| issue =[[Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau]]<br />Princess Anna of Orange-Nassau<br />[[William V, Prince of Orange]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father =[[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| mother =[[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1709|11|2|df=y}} ([[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]])\u000a| birth_place =[[Herrenhausen]] Palace, [[Hanover]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1759|1|12|1709|11|2|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[The Hague]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Nieuwe Kerk (Delft)]]\u000a
+p358
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Princess Amelia\u000a| image = Princess Amellia of Great Britain (1711-1786) by Jean=Baptiste van Loo.jpg\u000a| caption = Princess Amelia ([[Jean-Baptiste van Loo]],ca 1738)\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]] <small>(by birth)</small>\u000a| full name = Amelia Sophia Eleanor<ref>Van der Kiste, p. 24.</ref>\u000a| father = [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| mother = [[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1711|5|30|df=yes}} ([[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]])\u000a| birth_place = [[Herrenhausen Gardens|Herrenhausen Palace]], [[Hanover]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1786|10|31|1711|7|10|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Soho]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a
+p359
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Princess Caroline\u000a| image =Princess Caroline Elizabeth (1713-1757), by Jacopo Amigoni.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[Jacopo Amigoni]]\u000a| full name = Caroline Elizabeth\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]] <small>(by birth)</small>\u000a| father =[[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| mother =[[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1713|6|10|df=y}} ([[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]])\u000a| birth_place =[[Herrenhausen Gardens|Herrenhausen Palace]], [[Hanover]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1757|12|28|1713|6|10|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[St. James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a|
+p360
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Prince George William\u000a| image = Prince George William by John Simon.jpg\u000a| image_size = 170px\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| mother = [[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1717|11|13|df=y}}<ref>All dates in the article are [[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]].</ref>\u000a| birth_place = [[St. James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| date of christening = 9 December 1717\u000a| place of christening = [[St James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1718|2|17|df=y}}<br />(aged 3 months, 4 days)\u000a| death_place = [[Kensington Palace]], [[London]]\u000a|
+p361
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince William\u000a| title = Duke of Cumberland\u000a| image = Cumberland-Reynolds.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Sir Joshua Reynolds]], 1758\u000a| full name = William Augustus\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| mother = [[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| brother = [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1721|4|26|df=y}} ([[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]])\u000a| birth_place = [[Essex House (London)|Leicester House]], [[Westminster]], [[London]], [[England]], [[Kingdom of Great Britain]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1765|10|31|1721|4|26|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = London, England\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a
+p362
+aVInfobox royalty|royal|consort\u000a| name =Mary of Great Britain\u000a| succession =[[Landgravine consort of Hesse-Kassel]]\u000a| image =PrincessMaryofGreatBritain LandgravineofHesse.jpg\u000a| caption =Portrait by [[George Desmarées]]\u000a| reign = 1 February 1760<ref>[http://www.thepeerage.com/p10887.htm#i108863 The Peerage \u2013 Landgrave William VIII]</ref> \u2013 14 January 1772\u000a| spouse =[[Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]]\u000a| issue =[[William I, Elector of Hesse]]<br />[[Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel|Prince Charles]]<br />[[Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel|Prince Frederick]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father =[[George II of Great Britain]]\u000a| mother =[[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1723|3|5|df=y}} ([[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]])\u000a| birth_place =[[Essex House (London)|Leicester House]], [[Westminster]], [[London]], [[England]], [[Kingdom of Great Britain]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1772|1|14|1723|3|5|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Hanau]], Germany\u000a| date of burial =1 February 1772\u000a| place of burial =Hanau, Germany\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism]] \u000a|
+p363
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| succession =[[List of Danish consorts|Queen consort of Denmark]] [[List of Norwegian consorts|and Norway]]\u000a| image =Louise of Great Britain, Queen of Denmark and Norway.jpg\u000a|caption=Louise's portrait as queen of Denmark and Norway, aged 23, by [[Carl Gustav Pilo]] \u000a| reign =6 August 1746 \u2013 19 December 1751\u000a| spouse =[[Frederick V of Denmark]]\u000a| issue =[[Sophia Magdalena of Denmark|Sophia Magdalena, Queen of Sweden]]<br />[[Princess Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark and Norway|Caroline, Electress of Hesse]]<br />[[Christian VII of Denmark]]<br />[[Princess Louise of Denmark (1750\u20131831)|Princess Louise]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father =[[George II of Great Britain|George II]]\u000a| mother =[[Caroline of Ansbach]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1724|12|18|df=y}} ([[Old Style and New Style dates|New Style]])\u000a| birth_place =[[Essex House (London)|Leicester House]], [[Westminster]], [[London]], [[England]], [[Kingdom of Great Britain]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1751|12|19|1724|12|18|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Christiansborg Palace]], [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Roskilde Cathedral]], Denmark\u000a|
+p364
+aVInfobox royalty|royal|consort\u000a| name = Charlotte of the United Kingdom\u000a| image = Charlotte Mathilde von England.jpg\u000a| succession = [[List of consorts of Württemberg|Queen consort of Württemberg]]\u000a| reign = 1 January 1806 \u2013 30 October 1816\u000a| spouse = [[Frederick of Württemberg]]\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br>[[House of Württemberg]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[George III of the United Kingdom]]\u000a| mother = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| full name = Charlotte Augusta Matilda\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1766|9|29|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1828|10|5|1766|9|29|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Ludwigsburg Palace|Schloss Ludwigsburg]], [[Ludwigsburg]], [[Germany]]\u000a| place of burial = Schlosskirche Ludwigsburg, [[Ludwigsburg]], Germany\u000a
+p365
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Princess Augusta Sophia\u000a| image =Princess Augusta, c.1802.jpg\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father =[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother =[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date =8 November 1768\u000a| birth_place =[[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1840|9|22|1768|11|8|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Clarence House]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| date of burial = 2 October 1840\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[England]]\u000a|
+p366
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Princess Elizabeth\u000a| title =Landgravine of Hesse-Homburg\u000a| image =Princess elizabeth of the united kingdom.jpg\u000a| caption =Princess Elizabeth, portrait by [[Thomas Gainsborough|Sir Thomas Gainsborough]].\u000a| imgw =187\u000a| spouse =[[Frederick VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg]]\u000a| house =[[Hesse-Homburg|House of Hesse-Homburg]] <small>(by marriage)</small><br />[[House of Hanover]] <small>(by birth)</small>\u000a| father =[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother =[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date =22 May 1770\u000a| birth_place =[[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1840|1|10|1770|5|23|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Frankfurt-am-Main|Frankfurt]], [[Germany]]\u000a| place of burial =Mausoleum of the Landgraves, Homburg\u000a|
+p367
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Ernest Augustus I\u000a| image =Ernest Augustus I of Hanover.PNG\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[George Dawe]], 1828\u000a| succession = [[King of Hanover]]\u000a| reign = {{nowrap|20 June 1837 \u2013 18 November 1851}}\u000a| predecessor = [[William IV of the United Kingdom|William IV]]\u000a| successor = [[George V of Hanover|George V]]\u000a| spouse = [[Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| issue = [[George V of Hanover]]\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1771|6|5|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], London\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1851|11|18|1771|6|5|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Hanover]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Herrenhausen Gardens]], [[Hanover]]\u000a| signature = Ernest Augustus I of Hanover Signature.svg\u000a
+p368
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Augustus Frederick\u000a| title = Duke of Sussex\u000a| image = Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex by Guy Head.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by Guy Head\u000a| spouse = [[Lady Augusta Murray]]<br />(m. 1793; an. 1794)<br />[[Cecilia Underwood, Duchess of Inverness]] (m. 1831)\u000a| issue = [[Augustus d'Este]]<br />Augusta d'Este\u000a| titles = ''HRH'' The Duke of Sussex<br />''HRH'' The Prince Augustus Frederick\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date = 27 January 1773\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1843|4|21|1773|1|27|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kensington Palace]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Kensal Green Cemetery]], London\u000a
+p369
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Prince Adolphus\u000a| image =Adolphus Frederick Duke of Cambridge.JPG\u000a| imgw =187\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Cambridge]]\u000a| successor =[[Prince George, Duke of Cambridge|Prince George]]\u000a| spouse =[[Princess Augusta of Hesse-Cassel]]\u000a| issue =[[Prince George, Duke of Cambridge|George, Duke of Cambridge]]<br />[[Princess Augusta of Cambridge|Augusta, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg]]<br />[[Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge|Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck]]\u000a| titles =''HRH'' The Duke of Cambridge<br />''HRH'' The Prince Adolphus\u000a| full name =Adolphus Frederick\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father =[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother =[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1774|2|24|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1850|7|8|1774|2|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Cambridge House]], [[Piccadilly]]\u000a| date of burial = 10 January 1930\u000a| place of burial =[[St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|St. George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| occupation =Military\u000a|
+p370
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Princess Mary\u000a| title =Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh\u000a| image =Cuii pec pd0024 large.jpg\u000a| spouse =[[Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father =[[George III of Great Britain]]\u000a| mother =[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1776|4|25|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| date of christening =19 May 1776\u000a| place of christening =[[St. James's Palace]], London\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1857|4|30|1776|4|25|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Gloucester House]], London\u000a| date of burial =8 May 1857\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a|
+p371
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Princess Sophia\u000a| image =Princess Sophia (1777-1848).jpg\u000a| imgw =200\u000a| caption =Princess Sophia, c. 1825, painting by Sir [[Thomas Lawrence]]\u000a| Spouse =D. José de Matos Proença\u000a| Issue =D. Jorge Hanover de Matos Proença\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| full name =Sophia Matilda\u000a| titles =''HRH'' The Princess Sophia\u000a| father =[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother =[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1777|11|3|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], [[London]]\u000a| place of christening =[[St James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1848|5|27|1777|11|3|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Kensington Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Kensal Green Cemetery]], [[London]]\u000a|
+p372
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Prince Octavius\u000a| image = Octavius of Great Britain - West 1783.jpg\u000a| alt = A painting of a young boy with long blonde hair, wearing brown overalls and a blue hat\u000a| caption = 1783 portrait of Prince Octavius by royal painter [[Benjamin West]]\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| titles = Prince of Great Britain and Hanover\u000a| father = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1779|2|23|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace|Buckingham House]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1783|5|3|1779|2|23|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kew Palace]], [[Kew]], [[England]]\u000a| date of burial = 11 February 1820\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|St. George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[England]]\u000a|
+p373
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Prince Alfred\u000a| image =Prince Alfred of Great Britain.jpg\u000a| caption =1782 portrait of Prince Alfred by royal painter [[Thomas Gainsborough]].\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| titles =''HRH'' The Prince Alfred\u000a| father =[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother =[[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1780|9|22|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Windsor Castle]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[England]]\u000a| date of christening =10 October 1780\u000a| death_date ={{Death date|1782|8|20|df=yes}} (aged {{age for infant|abbr=yes|1780|9|22|1782|8|20|df=y}})\u000a| death_place =[[Windsor Castle]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[England]]\u000a| date of burial = 11 Feb 1820\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|St. George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[England]]\u000a|
+p374
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Princess Amelia\u000a| image = [[File:Princess Amelia of the United Kingdom (1).jpg]]\u000a| imgw = 200\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| titles = ''HRH'' The Princess Amelia\u000a| father = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1783|8|7|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Royal Lodge]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1810|11|2|1783|8|7|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = Augusta Lodge, [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| date of burial = 13 November 1810\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a
+p375
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Prince Frederick\u000a| title = Duke of York and Albany\u000a| image = Frederick, Duke of York in Garter Robes.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200\u000a| caption = The Duke of York, painted by [[Joshua Reynolds|Sir Joshua Reynolds]] in the robes of the [[Order of the Garter]], 1788.\u000a| full name = Frederick Augustus\u000a| spouse = [[Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia]]\u000a| titles = ''HRH'' The Duke of York and Albany<br />''HRH'' The Prince Frederick\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]\u000a| mother = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1763|8|16|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[St. James's Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| date of christening = 14 September 1763\u000a| place of christening = [[St. James's Palace]], London\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1827|1|5|1763|8|16|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Rutland House]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St. George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| rank = Field Marshal\u000a| branch = British Army\u000a| allegiance = [[United Kingdom]]\u000a
+p376
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Charlotte\u000a| title = Princess Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Duchess in Saxony\u000a| image = Princess Charlotte of Wales by Dawe (1817).jpg\u000a| caption = A portrait of Charlotte by [[George Dawe]], 1817\u000a| spouse = [[Leopold I of Belgium|Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| house =\u000a {{plainlist |\u000a* [[House of Hanover]] <small>(by birth)</small>\u000a* [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a }}\u000a| father = [[George IV of the United Kingdom|George, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother = [[Caroline of Brunswick]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1796|1|7|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Carlton House, London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1817|11|6|1796|1|7|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Claremont House]], [[Surrey]], England\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]], [[England]]\u000a| signature = Princess Charlotte of Wales Signature 1.svg\u000a| date of burial = 19 November 1817\u000a| full name = Charlotte Augusta\u000a
+p377
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a |name = Princess Elizabeth\u000a |image = Princess Elizabeth of Clarence.JPG\u000a |caption = Statue by W. Scoular, [[Windsor Castle]]\u000a |alt = Monument of infant girl asleep on a couch\u000a |house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a |father = [[William IV of the United Kingdom|Prince William, Duke of Clarence]]\u000a |mother = [[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a |birth_date = {{birth date|1820|12|10|df=yes}}\u000a |birth_place = [[St James's Palace]]\u000a |death_date = {{death date|1821|3|4|df=yes}} (aged {{age for infant|1820|12|10|1821|3|4}})\u000a |death_place = St James's Palace\u000a |burial_place = [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor Castle]]\u000a
+p378
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Victoria\u000a| succession = [[German Empress]];<br>[[Queen consort of Prussia]]\u000a| image = Vicky.jpg\u000a|image_size = 238px\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = 9 March 1888 \u2013 15 June 1888\u000a| spouse = [[Frederick III, German Emperor]]\u000a| issue = [[Wilhelm II, German Emperor]]<br/>[[Princess Charlotte of Prussia|Charlotte, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen]]<br />[[Prince Henry of Prussia (1862\u20131929)|Prince Henry]]<br />[[Prince Sigismund of Prussia (1864\u20131866)|Prince Sigismund]]<br />[[Princess Viktoria of Prussia|Viktoria, Princess of Schaumburg-Lippe]]<br />[[Prince Waldemar of Prussia (1868\u20131879)|Prince Waldemar]]<br />[[Sophia of Prussia|Sophie, Queen of the Hellenes]]<br />[[Princess Margaret of Prussia|Margaret, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel]]\u000a| full name = Victoria Adelaide Mary Louise\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] <br><small>(by birth)</small><br>[[House of Hohenzollern]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Albert, Prince Consort|Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1840|11|21|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1901|8|5|1840|11|21|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Schlosshotel Kronberg|Schloss Friedrichshof]], [[Kronberg im Taunus]], [[German Empire]]\u000a| date of burial = 13 August 1901\u000a| place of burial = [[Friedenskirche]], [[Potsdam]], German Empire\u000a
+p379
+aVInfobox royalty|consort\u000a| name = Princess Alice\u000a| succession= [[Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine]]\u000a| image = Princess Alice reclining.jpg|250 px|Princess Alice reclining\u000a| caption = Princess Alice in 1875\u000a| reign = 13 June 1877 \u2013 14 December 1878\u000a| consort=yes\u000a| spouse = [[Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse]] (m.1862\u20131878)\u000a| issue = [[Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine|Victoria, Marchioness of Milford Haven]]<br>[[Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (1864-1918)|Elisabeth, Grand Duchess of Russia]]<br>[[Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine|Irene, Princess Henry of Prussia]]<br>[[Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse]]<br>[[Prince Friedrich of Hesse and by Rhine|Prince Friedrich]]<br>[[Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse)|Alix, Empress of Russia]]<br>[[Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (1874-1878)|Princess Marie]]\u000a| full name = Alice Maud Mary\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha]] <small>(by birth)</small><br>[[House of Hesse-Darmstadt]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father =[[Albert, Prince Consort|Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1843|4|25|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], London, England\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1878|12|14|1843|4|25|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = New Palace,<br> [[Darmstadt]], Hesse (Germany)\u000a| place of burial = Rosenhöhe, [[Darmstadt]]\u000a|
+p380
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Alfred\u000a| title =[[Duke of Edinburgh]]<br />[[Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| image =Alfred-sachsen-coburg-gotha.jpg\u000a| succession =[[Duke of Edinburgh]]\u000a| reign =24 May 1866 \u2013 30 July 1900\u000a| successor =[[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Philip Mountbatten]]\u000a| succession1 =[[Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| reign1 =22 August 1893 \u2013 30 July 1900\u000a| predecessor1 =[[Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Ernest II]]\u000a| successor1 =[[Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Prince Charles Edward, Duke of Albany]]\u000a| spouse =[[Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia]]\u000a| issue =[[Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha]]<br />[[Marie of Romania|Marie, Queen of Romania]]<br />[[Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Victoria Melita, Grand Duchess of Russia]]<br />[[Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Alexandra, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]<br />[[Princess Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Princess Beatrice, Duchess of Galliera]]\u000a| full name =Alfred Ernest Albert\u000a| house =[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father =[[Albert, Prince Consort]]\u000a| mother =[[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1844|8|6|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Windsor Castle]], Berkshire\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1900|7|30|1844|8|6|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Schloss Rosenau, Coburg|Rosenau Castle]], [[Coburg]]\u000a| occupation =Military\u000a| place of burial = Glockenberg Cemetery,<br/>[[Bavaria]], Germany\u000a|
+p381
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Helena\u000a| title = Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein\u000a| image = Helena scan.jpg|thumb|left|200px|\u000a| spouse = [[Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein]]\u000a| issue = [[Prince Christian Victor of Schleswig-Holstein|Prince Christian Victor]]<br />[[Albert, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein]]<br />[[Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein|Princess Helena Victoria]]<br />[[Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein|Princess Marie Louise]]<br />Prince Harald\u000a| full name = Helena Augusta Victoria\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha]] <small>(by birth)</small><br>[[House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Albert, Prince Consort|Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1846|5|25|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1923|6|9|1846|5|25|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Schomberg House]], [[London]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Frogmore]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a
+p382
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Louise\u000a| title = [[Duchess of Argyll]]\u000a| image = Louise.jpg\u000a| caption = Princess Louise, c. 1870s\u000a| spouse = [[John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll]]\u000a| full name = Louise Caroline Alberta\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha]]\u000a| father = [[Albert, Prince Consort|Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1848|3|18|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], [[England]], UK\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1939|12|3|1848|3|18|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kensington Palace]], London\u000a| place of burial = [[Frogmore]], [[Windsor, Berkshire]], England, UK
+p383
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Arthur\u000a| title = [[Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]]\u000a| image = Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught.jpg\u000a| caption = Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Connaught and Strathearn]]\u000a| reign = 24 May 1874 \u2013 16 January 1942\u000a| reign-type = Tenure\u000a| successor = [[Alastair Windsor, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn|Alastair Windsor, Earl Mcduff]]\u000a| spouse = [[Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia]]\u000a| issue = [[Princess Margaret of Connaught|Margaret, Crown Princess of Sweden]]<br />[[Prince Arthur of Connaught]]<br />[[Princess Patricia of Connaught|Princess Patricia, Lady Ramsay]]\u000a| full name = Arthur William Patrick Albert\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]]<br />[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father = [[Albert, Prince Consort]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1850|5|1|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1942|1|16|1850|5|1|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Bagshot Park]], [[Surrey]], [[England]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Royal Burial Ground]]\u000a|
+p384
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Prince Leopold\u000a| title = [[Duke of Albany]]\u000a| image = [[File:Leopoldalbany.jpg|Leopoldalbany|250px]]\u000a| caption = Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Albany]]\u000a| successor =[[Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Prince Charles Edward]]\u000a| spouse =[[Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont]]\u000a| issue =[[Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone]]<br />[[Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| full name =Leopold George Duncan Albert\u000a| titles =''HRH'' The Duke of Albany<br />''HRH'' The Prince Leopold\u000a| house =[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father =[[Albert, Prince Consort]]\u000a| mother =[[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1853|4|7|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| date of christening =28 June 1853\u000a| place of christening =[[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1884|3|28|1853|4|7|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Cannes]]\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor Castle|Windsor]]\u000a
+p385
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Beatrice\u000a| title = Princess Henry of Battenberg\u000a| image = Coloured Princess Beatrice.jpg\u000a| spouse = [[Prince Henry of Battenberg]]\u000a| issue = [[Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Carisbrooke]]<br/>[[Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg|Victoria Eugenie, Queen of Spain]]<br/>[[Lord Leopold Mountbatten]]<br/>[[Prince Maurice of Battenberg]]\u000a| full name = Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha]] <small>(by birth)</small><br>[[House of Battenberg]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Albert, Prince Consort|Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Victoria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1857|4|14}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], London, England\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1944|10|26|1857|4|14}}\u000a| death_place = [[Brantridge Park]], Sussex, England\u000a| date of burial = 3 November 1944\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor Castle|Windsor]]; ''later''<br/>28 August 1945<br/>[[St. Mildred's Church, Whippingham]]
+p386
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Albert Victor\u000a| title = [[Duke of Clarence|Duke of Clarence and Avondale]]\u000a| image = Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence (1864-1892).jpg\u000a| caption = Photograph by [[W. & D. Downey|William and Daniel Downey]], 1891\u000a| full name = Albert Victor Christian Edward\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father = [[Edward VII]]\u000a| mother = [[Alexandra of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = 8 January 1864\u000a| birth_place = [[Frogmore]], [[Windsor, Berkshire]]\u000a| death_date = 14 January 1892 (aged 28)\u000a| death_place = [[Sandringham House]], [[Norfolk]]\u000a| date of burial = 20 January 1892\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a
+p387
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Princess Louise\u000a| title =Princess Royal, Duchess of Fife\u000a| image =Louise Princess Royal.jpg\u000a| imgw =200\u000a| spouse =[[Alexander Duff, 1st Duke of Fife]]\u000a| issue =Alastair, Marquess of Macduff<br />[[Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife]]<br />[[Princess Maud, Countess of Southesk]]\u000a| full name =Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar\u000a| house =[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] ([[House of Windsor|Windsor]])\u000a| father =[[Edward VII]]\u000a| mother =[[Alexandra of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1867|2|20|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Marlborough House]], London\u000a| date of christening =10 May 1867\u000a| place of christening =[[Marlborough House]], London\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1931|1|4|1867|2|20|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =Portman Sq, London\u000a| burial_date = 10 January 1931\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a
+p388
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Princess Victoria\u000a| image =Victoria de Gales.jpg\u000a| caption =Princess Victoria\u000a| full name =Victoria Alexandra Olga Mary\u000a| house =[[House of Windsor]]<br />[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father =[[Edward VII]]\u000a| mother =[[Alexandra of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1868|7|6|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Marlborough House]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1935|12|3|1868|7|6|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Coppins]], [[Buckinghamshire]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Frogmore]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a
+p389
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| image = Maud of Wales.jpg\u000a| caption = Maud following her coronation, wearing the [[Queen of Norway's Crown|Queen's Crown]], [[sceptre]] and [[globus cruciger|orb]]\u000a| succession = [[List of Norwegian consorts|Queen consort of Norway]]\u000a| reign = 18 November 1905 \u2013 20 November 1938\u000a| coronation = 22 June 1906\u000a| spouse = [[Haakon VII of Norway]]\u000a| issue = [[Olav V of Norway]]\u000a| full name = Maud Charlotte Mary Victoria\u000a| house = [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father = [[Edward VII]]\u000a| mother = [[Alexandra of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1869|11|26|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Marlborough House]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1938|11|20|1869|11|26|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Sandringham_House#Appleton_House|Appleton House]], [[Sandringham, Norfolk|Sandringham]]\u000a| burial_date = 8 December 1938\u000a| place of burial = [[Akershus Castle]], [[Oslo]]\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism]]\u000a|
+p390
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Princess Mary\u000a| title =[[Princess Royal]], [[Countess of Harewood]]\u000a| image =Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood.jpg\u000a| caption =Princess Mary, c. 1926\u000a| spouse =[[Henry Lascelles, 6th Earl of Harewood]] (1922\u20131947)\u000a| issue =[[George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood]]<br />[[Gerald Lascelles]]\u000a| full name =Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary\u000a| titles =''HRH'' The Princess Royal<br/>''HRH'' The Princess Mary, Countess of Harewood<br/>''HRH'' The Princess Mary, Viscountess Lascelles<br/>''HRH'' The Princess Mary<br/>''HRH'' Princess Mary of Wales<br/>''HRH'' Princess Mary of Cornwall and York<br/>''HRH'' Princess Mary of York<br/>''HH'' Princess Mary of York\u000a| house =[[House of Windsor]] <small>(by birth)</small><br />[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] <br><small>(by birth)</small> <br> Lascelles family <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father =[[George V]]\u000a| mother =[[Mary of Teck]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1897|04|25|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[York Cottage]], [[Sandringham, Norfolk|Sandringham]]\u000a| date of christening =7 June 1897\u000a| place of christening =St Mary Magdalene's Church, [[Sandringham, Norfolk|Sandringham]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1965|3|28|1897|4|25|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Harewood House]], [[Yorkshire]]\u000a| burial_date = 1 April 1965\u000a| burial_place = [[All Saints' Church, Harewood]], [[Yorkshire]]\u000a
+p391
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name =Prince Henry\u000a|image =Dukeofgloucester.jpg\u000a|caption =Photographic Portrait as Governor-General\u000a|succession =[[Duke of Gloucester]]\u000a|successor =[[Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester|Prince Richard]]\u000a\u000a|succession1 =11th [[Governor-General of Australia]]\u000a|reign1 =30 January 1945 \u2013 11 March 1947\u000a|reign-type1 =Tenure\u000a|monarch1 = [[George VI]]\u000a|primeminister1 = [[John Curtin]]<br/>[[Frank Forde]]<br/>[[Ben Chifley]]\u000a|predecessor1 =[[Alexander Hore-Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie|Lord Gowrie]]\u000a|successor1 =[[William McKell|Sir William McKell]]\u000a\u000a|spouse =[[Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester|Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott]]\u000a|issue =[[Prince William of Gloucester]]<br/>[[Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester]]\u000a|full name =Henry William Frederick Albert\u000a|house =[[House of Windsor]]<br/>[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a|father =[[George V]]\u000a|mother =[[Mary of Teck]]\u000a|birth_date ={{Birth date|1900|3|31|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place =[[York Cottage]], [[Sandringham, Norfolk|Sandringham]], [[United Kingdom]]\u000a|death_date ={{Death date and age|1974|6|10|1900|3|31|df=yes}}\u000a|death_place =[[Barnwell Manor]], [[Northamptonshire]], [[United Kingdom]]\u000a|date of burial =14 June 1974\u000a|place of burial =[[Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore]]\u000a|occupation =[[Governor-General of Australia]], [[Military]]\u000a
+p392
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Prince George\u000a| image =George 1st Kent.png\u000a| imgw =229\u000a| succession =[[Duke of Kent]]\u000a| successor =[[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent|Prince Edward]]\u000a| spouse =[[Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark]]\u000a| issue =[[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent | Prince Edward]]<br/>[[Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy|Princess Alexandra]]<br />[[Prince Michael of Kent | Prince Michael]]\u000a| full name =George Edward Alexander Edmund\u000a| titles =''HRH'' The Duke of Kent<br />''HRH'' The Prince George<br />''HRH'' Prince George of Wales\u000a| house =[[House of Windsor]]<br />[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father =[[George V]]\u000a| mother =[[Mary of Teck]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1902|12|20|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[York Cottage]], [[Sandringham, Norfolk|Sandringham]]\u000a| date of christening =26 January 1903\u000a| place of christening =[[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1942|8|25|1902|12|20|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Morven, Caithness|Morven]], Scotland\u000a|date of burial =29 August 1942\u000a| place of burial =[[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]] and later [[Frogmore Royal Mausoleum]]\u000a
+p393
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name = Prince John\u000a| image = Prince John of the United Kingdom 1913.jpg\u000a| caption = Photograph by [[Ernest Brooks (photographer)|Ernest Brooks]], 1913\u000a| full name = John Charles Francis{{#tag:ref|On 17 July 1917, due to a growing anti-German sentiment in the United Kingdom, George V changed the name of the royal house from the [[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] to the [[House of Windsor]].<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=30186|startpage=7119|date=17 July 1917}}</ref> Thus, as all of the members of the royal house received a surname, John's full name became John Charles Francis Windsor.{{sfn|Eilers|1987|p=175}}|group=note}}\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]]<br />[[House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]\u000a| father = [[George V]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary of Teck]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1905|7|12|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[York Cottage]], [[Sandringham House|Sandringham]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1919|1|18|1905|7|12|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Wood Farm]], Sandringham\u000a| date of burial = 21 January 1919\u000a| place of burial = [[St. Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham|St. Mary Magdalene Church]]\u000a
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Margaret\u000a| title = [[Earl of Snowdon|Countess of Snowdon]] ([[#Titles and styles|more]])\u000a| image = Princess Margaret.jpg\u000a| spouse = [[Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon]] (m. 1960, div. 1978)\u000a| issue = [[David Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley]]<br />[[Lady Sarah Chatto]]\u000a| full name = Margaret Rose<ref name="sur">As a titled royal, Margaret held no surname, but when one ''was'' used, it was [[House of Windsor|Windsor]].</ref>\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]] \u000a| father = [[George VI]]\u000a| mother = [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1930|8|21|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Glamis Castle]], [[Scotland]], UK\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|2002|2|9|1930|8|21|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[King Edward VII Hospital, London|King Edward VII Hospital]], [[London]], UK\u000a| date of burial = 9 April 2002<!--burial date, not funeral date-->\u000a| place of burial = King George VI Memorial Chapel, [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a| religion = [[Anglicanism|Anglican]]\u000a
+p395
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Charles\u000a| title = [[Prince of Wales]]; [[Duke of Cornwall]] ([[#Titles, styles, honours and arms|more]])<!--full titles not needed here-->\u000a| image = Prince Charles 2012.jpg\u000a| caption = The Prince of Wales in [[Jersey]], July 2012\u000a| spouses = {{marriage|[[Diana, Princess of Wales|Lady Diana Spencer]] <br />|1981|1996|reason=divorced}}<br />{{marriage|[[Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall|Camilla Parker Bowles]] <br />|2005}}\u000a| issue = [[Prince William, Duke of Cambridge]]<br />[[Prince Harry|Prince Henry of Wales]]\u000a| full name = Charles Philip Arthur George<ref group="fn" name="sur" />\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]]<!--Don't add [[House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]] without prior discussion. See [[Talk:House of Windsor#SHSG Part II]]-->\u000a| father = [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth II]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1948|11|14|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], England\u000a| religion = [[Church of England]]\u000a
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Anne\u000a| title = [[Princess Royal]] ([[#Titles, styles, honours and arms|more]])\u000a| image = The Princess Royal.jpg\u000a| caption = The Princess Royal in June 2013\u000a| spouse = {{marriage|[[Mark Phillips]] <br />|1973|1992|reason=divorced}}<br />{{marriage|[[Timothy Laurence]] <br />|1992}}\u000a| issue = [[Peter Phillips]];<br> [[Zara Phillips|Zara Tindall, MBE]]\u000a| full name = Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise<ref name="sur">As a titled royal, Anne does not use a surname, but, if required, her maiden name was [[Mountbatten-Windsor]].</ref>\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]]\u000a| father = [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth II]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1950|8|15|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Clarence House]], [[London]], [[UK]]\u000a| religion = [[Church of England]]\u000a
+p397
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Andrew\u000a| title = [[Duke of York]] ([[#Titles, styles, honours and arms|more]])\u000a| image = Prince Andrew August 2014 (cropped).jpg\u000a| caption = The Duke of York, 2014\u000a| imgw = 220\u000a| spouse = {{marriage|[[Sarah, Duchess of York|Sarah Ferguson]] <br />|1986|1996|reason=divorced}}\u000a| issue = [[Princess Beatrice of York]]<br />[[Princess Eugenie of York]]\u000a| full name = Andrew Albert Christian Edward<ref name="sur">The 1960 Order-in-Council giving the surname [[Mountbatten-Windsor]] to the male-line descendants of [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|The Duke of Edinburgh]] and [[Elizabeth II]] specifically refers only to such descendants without a royal title, as those with it generally have no need for a surname. Despite this, the Duke of York (like his sister) entered with this surname in the marriage register.</ref>\u000a| house = [[House of Windsor]]<!--He is not [[House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]], because he inherits his house from his MOTHER, being as she is The Queen! See [[Talk:House of Windsor#SHSG Part II]]-->\u000a| father = [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth II]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1960|2|19|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a| religion = [[Church of England]]\u000a
+p398
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name = Prince Edward\u000a|image = Prins Edward, earl av Wessex - version 4.jpg\u000a|caption = The Earl at the [[wedding of Princess Madeleine of Sweden and Christopher O'Neill]] in Stockholm, June 2013\u000a|succession = [[Earl of Wessex]] ([[#Titles, styles, honours and arms |more]])\u000a|successor = [[James, Viscount Severn]]\u000a|suc-type = Heir apparent\u000a|spouse = {{marriage|[[Sophie, Countess of Wessex|Sophie Rhys-Jones]]<br />|1999}}\u000a|issue = [[Lady Louise Windsor]]<br />[[James, Viscount Severn]]\u000a|full name = Edward Antony Richard Louis{{Efn | As a titled royal, Edward holds no surname, but, when one ''is'' used, it is [[Mountbatten-Windsor]] (although he has previously used ''Windsor'' and ''Wessex'').}}\u000a|house = [[House of Windsor]]<!-- See [[Talk:House of Windsor#SHSG Part II]]-->\u000a|father = [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]]\u000a|mother = [[Elizabeth II]]\u000a|birth_date = {{Birth date and age |1964|3|10| df= yes}}\u000a|birth_place = [[Buckingham Palace]], [[London]], [[England]]\u000a|religion = [[Church of England]]
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name = Harald Bluetooth\u000a|image = Harald Blaatand.jpg\u000a|caption = Harald being [[baptize]]d by Poppo the monk, in a relief dated to c. 1200.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Kunst_og_kultur/Arkitektur/Danske_kirker_T-T%C3%A5/Tamdrup_Kirke|title=Tamdrup Kirke|work=Den store danske}}</ref>\u000a|succession = [[List of Danish monarchs|King of Denmark]]\u000a|reign = c. 958 \u2013 c. 986\u000a|predecessor = [[Gorm the Old]]\u000a|successor = [[Sweyn Forkbeard]]\u000a|succession1 = [[List of Norwegian monarchs|King of Norway]]\u000a|reign1 = c. 970 \u2013 c. 975/986\u000a|predecessor1 = [[Harald Greycloak]]\u000a|successor1 = [[Sweyn Forkbeard]]\u000a|regent1 = [[Haakon Sigurdsson]] (de facto ruler)\u000a|spouse = [[Gyrid Olafsdottir]] (m)<br />[[Tove of the Obotrites|Tove]] (m)\u000a|issue-link = #Marriages and children\u000a|house = [[List of Danish monarchs#House of Gorm|House of Gorm]]\u000a|father = [[Gorm the Old]]\u000a|mother = [[Thyra]]\u000a|death_date = 986/87\u000a
+p400
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|realm=sweden\u000a| name =Gyrid Olafsdottir \u000a| image =\u000a| succession = [[Queen consort of Denmark]]\u000a| reign =952\u2013970\u000a| predecessor = [[Thyra]]\u000a| successor = [[Tove of the Obotrites]]\u000a| spouse = [[Harald Bluetooth]]\u000a| issue =\u000a| house = [[House of Munsö]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[House of Denmark]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father =[[Olof (II) Björnsson]]\u000a| mother =[[Ingeborg Thrandsdotter]]\u000a| birth_date =\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial=\u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Marie of France\u000a| consort= yes\u000a| image= Marie Champagne.jpg\u000a| caption = Seal of Marie of France\u000a| succession= Countess consort of Champagne\u000a| reign= 1164 \u2013 17 March 1181\u000a| predecessor= [[Matilda of Carinthia]]\u000a| successor= [[Isabella I of Jerusalem]]\u000a| spouse= [[Henry I, Count of Champagne]]\u000a| issue= [[Henry II, Count of Champagne]]<br />[[Marie of Champagne|Marie, Latin Empress of Constantinople]]<br />[[Theobald III, Count of Champagne]]<br />[[Scholastique of Champagne|Scholastique, Countess of Mâcon and Vienne]]\u000a| house= [[House of Capet]]\u000a| father= [[Louis VII of France]]\u000a| mother= [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date= 1145\u000a| birth_place= [[Kingdom of France]]\u000a| death_date= March 11, 1198 (aged 52-53)\u000a| death_place=[[County of Champagne]]\u000a| place of burial= [[Meaux Cathedral]], [[Seine-et-Marne]]\u000a
+p402
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort= yes\u000a| image= \u000a| caption = \u000a| succession= \u000a| reign= \u000a| spouse= [[Theobald V, Count of Blois]]\u000a| issue= [[Louis I, Count of Blois]]<br>[[Margaret, Countess of Blois]]\u000a| issue-link = #Countess of Blois\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house= [[House of Capet]]\u000a| father= [[Louis VII of France|Louis VII, King of France]]\u000a| mother= [[Eleanor of Aquitaine|Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine]]\u000a| birth_date= 1151\u000a| death_date= 1197/8\u000a| death_place= \u000a| place of burial= \u000a
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+aVInfobox Christian leader\u000a| type = Bishop\u000a| name = Aymer de Valence\u000a| title = [[Bishop of Winchester]]\u000a| image = \u000a| alt = \u000a| caption = \u000a| church = Catholic\u000a| archdiocese = \u000a| diocese = \u000a| see = [[Diocese of Winchester]]\u000a| elected =4 November 1259\u000a| term_end =4 December 1260\u000a| predecessor = [[William de Raley]] \u000a| successor = [[Andrew of London]]\u000a<!-- Orders -->\u000a| ordination = \u000a| ordinated_by = \u000a| consecration = 16 May 1260\u000a| consecrated_by = \u000a| rank = \u000a<!-- Personal details -->\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 4 December 1260\u000a| death_place = Paris\u000a| previous_post = \u000a
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+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Alice de Lusignan\u000a|title ='''Countess of Surrey'''\u000a|spouse =[[John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey]]\u000a|issue =Eleanor de Warenne<br>[[Isabella de Warenne]]<br>William de Warenne\u000a|noble family =[[Lusignan dynasty|Lusignan]]\u000a|father =[[Hugh X de Lusignan]], "le Brun", Seigneur de Lusignan, [[Count of La Marche]]\u000a|mother =[[Isabella of Angoulême]]\u000a|birth_date =1224\u000a|birth_place =[[Lusignan]], [[Vienne]], France\u000a|death_date =9 February 1256 (aged 32 in childbirth)\u000a|death_place =Warren, [[Sussex]], England\u000a|
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+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Isabella of Lusignan\u000a|title ='''Dame de Beauvoir-sur Mer et de Mercillac'''\u000a|spouse =[[Maurice IV de Craon|Maurice IV, Sire of Craon]]<br>Geoffery de Rancon\u000a|issue =Amuary II, Sire of Craon<br>[[Maurice V de Craon|Maurice V, Sire of Craon]]<br>Oliver, Archbishop of Tours<br>Margaret de Pressigny<br>Jeanne of Chabot\u000a|noble family =[[Lusignan dynasty|Lusignan]]\u000a|father =[[Hugh X de Lusignan]], "le Brun", Seigneur de Lusignan, [[Count of La Marche]]\u000a|mother =[[Isabella of Angoulême]]\u000a|birth_date = c.1224-7 \u000a|birth_place =\u000a|death_date =14 January 1300 (aged 65-66)\u000a|death_place =\u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name =Joan of Valois\u000a|title =[[Duchess of Alençon]]<br>Countess of Perche\u000a|spouse =[[John II of Alençon]]\u000a|father =[[Charles, Duke of Orléans]]\u000a|mother =[[Isabella of Valois]]\u000a|birth_date ={{dob|1409|9|13}}\u000a|birth_place =[[Blois]]\u000a|death_date ={{dda|1432|5|19|1409|9|13}}\u000a|death_place =[[Angers]]\u000a|house = [[House of Valois|House of Valois-Orléans]] (by birth)<br>[[House of Valois|House of Valois-Alençon]] (by marriage)\u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| name =John VI\u000a| image =Sceau de Jean V - Duc de Bretagne.png\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession =[[List of rulers of Brittany|Duke of Brittany]]; Count of Montfort\u000a| reign =1 November 1399 – 29 August 1442\u000a| coronation = 28 March 1402\u000a| predecessor =[[John V, Duke of Brittany|John V]]\u000a| regent =\u000a| successor =[[Francis I, Duke of Brittany|Francis I]]\u000a| spouse =[[Joan of France (1391\u20131433)|Joan of France]]\u000a| issue =Anne<br />[[Isabella of Brittany|Isabelle, Countess of Laval]]<br />Margaret<br />[[Francis I, Duke of Brittany]]<br />Catherine<br />[[Peter II, Duke of Brittany]]<br />Gilles, Lord of Chantocé\u000a| house =[[House of Montfort]]\u000a| father =[[John V, Duke of Brittany|John V]]\u000a| mother =[[Joan of Navarre, Queen of England|Joan of Navarre]]\u000a| birth_date =24 December 1389\u000a| birth_place = [[Vannes|Château de l'Hermine]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1442|8|29|1389|12|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Nantes|Manoir de La Touche]]\u000a| place of burial =Notre\u000a| religion =[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature =\u000a
+p408
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Arthur III\u000a| image = Arthur de Richemond.JPG\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[List of rulers of Brittany|Duke of Brittany]]\u000a| reign = 22 September 1457 – 26 December 1458\u000a| coronation = \u000a| predecessor = [[Peter II, Duke of Brittany|Peter II]]\u000a| successor = [[Francis II, Duke of Brittany|Francis II]]\u000a| spouse = [[Margaret of Burgundy, Dauphine of France|Margaret of Burgundy]]<br />[[Joan of Albret (d. 1444)|Joan of Albret]]<br />[[Catherine of Luxembourg-Saint-Pol|Catherine of Luxembourg]]\u000a| issue =\u000a| house = [[House of Montfort]]\u000a| father = [[John V, Duke of Brittany]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan of Navarre, Queen of England|Joan of Navarre]]\u000a| birth_date = 24 August 1393\u000a| birth_place = [[Château de Sucinio]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1458|12|26|1393|8|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Nantes]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Nantes Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature =\u000a|
+p409
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+aVInfobox royalty|\u000a| name = Richard of Montfort\u000a| title = Count of Vertus and Étampes\u000a| image = Richard of Montfort.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| spouse = [[Marguerite, Countess of Vertus|Marguerite d'Orléans]]\u000a| issue = [[Francis II, Duke of Brittany]]<br>Catherine, Princess of Orange\u000a| issue-link = #Marriage and Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Dreux-Montfort]]\u000a| father = [[John V, Duke of Brittany]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan of Navarre, Queen of England|Joan of Navarre]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1396\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 2 June {{death year and age|1438|1396}}\u000a| death_place = [[Château de Clisson]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place= [[Nantes Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p410
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+aVInfobox noble|type\u000a| name = Jasper Tudor\u000a| title = [[Duke of Bedford]] <br> [[Earl of Pembroke]]\u000a| image = Arms of Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford.svg\u000a| caption = [[Coat of Arms]] of Jasper Tudor\u000a| alt = \u000a| more = no\u000a| spouse = [[Catherine Woodville, Duchess of Buckingham and Bedford|Catherine Woodville]]\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = \u000a| issue-link = \u000a| issue-pipe = \u000a| full name = \u000a| styles = \u000a| titles = \u000a| noble family = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| father = [[Owen Tudor]]\u000a| mother = [[Catherine of Valois]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1431\u000a| birth_place = [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]], Hertfordshire\u000a| christening_date = \u000a| christening_place = \u000a| death_date = 21/26 December 1495\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_date = \u000a| burial_place = [[Keynsham Abbey]], Somerset\u000a| religion =\u000a| occupation = \u000a
+p411
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+aVInfobox person\u000a| name = Thomas Grey\u000a| title = 1st Marquess of Dorset<br>1st Earl of Huntingdon<br>7th Baron Ferrers of Groby\u000a| image = Coat of Arms of Sir Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset, KG.png\u000a| image_size = 240px\u000a| caption = Arms of Sir Thomas Grey,<br />1st Marquess of Dorset, KG\u000a| spouse = Lady Anne Holland<br>[[Cecily Bonville, 7th Baroness Harington]]\u000a| children = Lord Edward Grey<br>Anthony Grey<br>[[Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset]]<br>Sir Richard Grey<br>Sir John Grey<br>[[Leonard Grey, 1st Viscount Grane]]<br>George Grey<br>Cecily Grey<br>Bridget Grey<br>Dorothy Grey<br>[[Elizabeth Grey, Countess of Kildare]]<br>Margaret Grey<br>Eleanor Grey<br>Mary Grey\u000a| parents = [[John Grey of Groby|Sir John Grey of Groby]]<br>[[Elizabeth Woodville]]\u000a| birth_date = 1455\u000a| birth_place = [[Groby Old Hall]], [[Groby]], [[Leicestershire]]\u000a| death_date = 20 September 1501 (aged 46)\u000a| death_place = [[London]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Astley, Warwickshire]]\u000a
+p412
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Carlos\u000a| title = [[Prince of Asturias]]\u000a| image = Alonso Sánchez Coello - Infant Don Carlos of Spain - Google Art Project.jpg\u000a| imgw = 150px\u000a| caption = Portrait by [[Alonso Sánchez Coello]], 1564.\u000a| house = [[House of Habsburg]]\u000a| father = [[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a| mother = [[Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1545|7|8|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Valladolid]], [[Spain]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1568|07|24|1545|07|08|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Madrid]], [[Spain]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[El Escorial]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p413
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Isabella Clara Eugenia\u000a|succession=[[Dukes of Lothier|Duchess of Lothier]], [[Dukes of Brabant|Brabant]], [[Dukes of Limburg|Limburg]], <br /> [[Counts, Dukes and Grand Dukes of Luxembourg|Luxemburg]] and [[Dukes of Guelders|Guelders]]; [[Marquis of Namur|Margravine of Namur]]; [[List of counts of Burgundy|Countess Palatine of Burgundy]]; [[Counts of Artois|Countess of Artois]], [[Counts of Flanders|Flanders]], [[Charolais (county)|Charolais]] and [[Counts of Hainaut|Hainaut]]\u000a|image=Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain - Frans Pourbus II.jpg\u000a|caption= Portrait by [[Frans Pourbus the Younger]]\u000a|reign=6 May 1598 \u2013 13 July 1621\u000a|predecessor=[[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a|successor=[[Philip IV of Spain]]\u000a|reg-type=Co-monarch\u000a|regent=[[Albert VII, Archduke of Austria|Albert VII of Austria]]\u000a|spouse=[[Archduke Albert of Austria (1559\u20131621)|Albert VII of Austria]]\u000a|house=[[House of Habsburg]]\u000a|father=[[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a|mother=[[Elisabeth of Valois]]\u000a|birth_date=12 August 1566\u000a|birth_place=[[Segovia]], [[Spain]]\u000a|death_date={{Death date and age|1633|12|1|1566|8|12|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=[[Brussels]], [[Duchy of Brabant|Brabant]]\u000a|place of burial=\u000a|religion=[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p414
+aVInfobox royalty|infanta|consort\u000a| name = Infanta Catherine Michelle\u000a| title =[[Duchess consort of Savoy]]\u000a| image =Catalinamicaelaspain65.jpg\u000a| spouse =[[Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy]]\u000a| reign =\u000a| issue =[[Princess Isabella of Savoy|Isabella, Hereditary Princess of Modena]]<br>[[Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy]] <br>[[Margaret of Savoy, Vicereine of Portugal|Margaret, Vicereine of Portugal]]<br>[[Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano]]\u000a| issue-link =#Marriage\u000a| issue-pipe =among others...\u000a| house =[[House of Habsburg]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[House of Savoy]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father =[[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a| mother =[[Elisabeth of Valois]]\u000a| birth_date =10 October 1567\u000a| birth_place =[[Madrid]], [[Spain]]\u000a| death_date =6 November 1597 (aged 30)\u000a| death_place =[[Turin]], [[Italy]]\u000a| place of burial =\u000a| religion=[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p415
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Ferdinand\u000a| title = [[Prince of Asturias]]; <small>[[Archduke|Archduke of Austria]]; [[Infante|Infante of Spain]]</small>\u000a| image = Infante Ferdinand by Alonso Sánchez Coello.jpg\u000a| caption = {{circa|1575}} portrait of Ferdinand and his pet bird by [[Alonso Sánchez Coello|Sánchez Coello]].\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| house = [[House of Habsburg]]\u000a| father = [[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a| mother = [[Anna of Austria (1549\u20131580)|Anna of Austria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1571|12|04|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Madrid]], [[Habsburg Spain|Spain]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1578|10|18|1571|12|04|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = Madrid, Spain\u000a| burial_place = [[El Escorial]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p416
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Diego\u000a| title = [[Prince of Asturias]], [[Prince of Portugal]]\u000a| image =DiegoSpanien.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait of Diego by [[Alonso Sánchez Coello|Sánchez Coello]], ca. 1577.\u000a| house-type = House\u000a| house = [[House of Habsburg]]\u000a| father = [[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a| mother = [[Anna of Austria (1549\u20131580)|Anna of Austria]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1575|08|15|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Madrid]], [[Habsburg Spain|Spain]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1582|11|21|1575|08|15|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = Madrid, Spain\u000a| burial_place = [[El Escorial]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p417
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| name =Philip III of Spain\u000a| succession =[[King of Spain]] [[List of Portuguese monarchs|and Portugal]]\u000a| image =[[File:Felipe-III-de-Espana A-Vidal.jpg|245px]]\u000a| reign ={{nowrap|13 September 1598 \u2013 31 March 1621}}\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor =[[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a| successor =[[Philip IV of Spain]]\u000a| issue =[[Anne of Austria|Anne, Queen of France]]<br />[[Philip IV of Spain]]<br />[[Maria Anna of Spain|Maria Anna, Holy Roman Empress]]<br />[[Charles of Austria (1607-1632)|Infante Charles of Spain]]<br />[[Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand]]\u000a| spouse =[[Margaret of Austria (1584-1611)|Margaret of Austria]]\u000a| house =[[House of Habsburg]]\u000a| father =[[Philip II of Spain]]\u000a| mother =[[Anna of Austria (1549-1580)|Anna of Austria]]\u000a| birth_date ={{birth date|1578|4|14|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Madrid]], [[Spain]]\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1621|3|31|1578|4|14|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Madrid]], [[Spain]]\u000a| place of burial =[[El Escorial]]\u000a| religion=[[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature =Firma del Rey Felipe III.svg\u000a|
+p418
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Richard II "''the Good''"\u000a| image = Richard_good_statue_in_falaise.JPG\u000a| caption = Richard the Good as part of the "Six Dukes of Normandy" statue in the town square of [[Falaise, Calvados|Falaise]].\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| reign = 996\u20131026\u000a| predecessor = [[Richard I, Duke of Normandy|Richard I]]\u000a| successor = [[Richard III, Duke of Normandy|Richard III]]\u000a| father = [[Richard I, Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| mother = [[Gunnora, Duchess of Normandy]]\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy]]\u000a| birth_date = 23 August 963\u000a| birth_place = [[Normandy]]\u000a| death_date = 28 August 1026\u000a| death_place = [[Normandy]]\u000a| issue =\u000a
+p419
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name = Richard III\u000a|image = Richard trois statue in falaise.JPG \u000a|caption = Richard III as part of the Six Dukes of Normandy statue in the town square of Falaise.\u000a|succession = [[Duke of Normandy]]\u000a|reign = 1026\u20131027\u000a|predecessor = [[Richard II, Duke of Normandy|Richard II]]\u000a|successor = [[Robert the Magnificent|Robert I]]\u000a|father = [[Richard II, Duke of Normandy]]\u000a|house = [[House of Normandy]]\u000a|birth_date = 997/1001\u000a|birth_place =\u000a|death_date = {{Death date|1027|8|6|df=y}}|\u000a|death_place = [[Normandy]]\u000a|issue =Alice<br />Nicolas\u000a|
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+aVInfobox Christian leader\u000a| type = Bishop\u000a| name = Henry of Winchester\u000a| native_name = Henri de Blois\u000a| native_name_lang = French\u000a| title = [[Bishop of Winchester]]\u000a| image = Britishmuseumhenryofbloisplaque.jpg\u000a| image_size = 200px\u000a| caption = Contemporary plaque showing Henry of Blois, now in the [[British Museum]]\u000a| church = [[Catholic church|Catholic]]\u000a| diocese = [[Diocese of Winchester]]\u000a| appointed = 4 October 1129\u000a| term_end = 8 August 1171\u000a| predecessor = [[William Giffard]]\u000a| successor = [[Richard of Ilchester]]\u000a| other_titles = [[Archbishop of Canterbury]]\u000a<!---------- Orders ---------->\u000a| consecration = 17 November 1129\u000a<!---------- Personal details ---------->\u000a| birth_name = Henri de Blois\u000a| birth_date = 1098/9\u000a| birth_place = [[City of Winchester]]\u000a| death_date = 8 August 1171 (aged 72/3)\u000a| death_place = [[City of Winchester]]\u000a| buried = 8 August 1171<br>[[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a| nationality = [[County of Blois|French]] (Blois)\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| parents = [[Stephen II, Count of Blois|Stephen Henry, Count of Blois]]<br>[[Adela of Normandy]]\u000a| previous_post = Abbot of Glastonbury\u000a
+p421
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward of Angoulême\u000a| image = Edward of Angouleme.jpg\u000a| caption = Edward of Angoulême, depicted on the [[Wilton Diptych]] in the arms of his mother.{{sfn|Galway|1950|p=12}}\u000a| father = [[Edward, the Black Prince]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan of Kent]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1365|01|27|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Château d'Angoulême]], [[Kingdom of France|France]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| death_date = {{circa|20}} September 1370 (aged 5)\u000a| death_place = [[Bordeaux]], France\u000a| burial_place = [[Austin Friars, London]]<br>[[Kings Langley]] (1388/9\u2013bef. 1607)<br>Bordeaux (1370\u20131388/9)\u000a
+p422
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Margaret Wake\u000a| title = 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell<br>Countess of Kent\u000a| succession = [[Baron Wake of Liddell|Baroness Wake of Liddell]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Thomas Wake, 2nd Baron Wake of Liddell|Thomas Wake, 2nd Baron]]\u000a| successor = [[John, 3rd Earl of Kent|John, 4th Baron, 3rd Earl of Kent]]\u000a| spouse = [[John IV Comyn]]<br />m. c. 1312; dec. 1314<br />[[Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent|Edmund ''of Woodstock'', 1st Earl of Kent]]<br />m. 1325; dec. 1330<br />John De Forbes<br />m. 1331; dec. 1349\u000a| issue = [[Edmund, 2nd Earl of Kent]]<br />Margaret, Viscountess of Tartas<br />[[Joan of Kent|Joan ''The Fair Maid of Kent'', Countess of Kent, Princess of Wales]]<br />[[John, 3rd Earl of Kent]]\u000a| father = [[John Wake, 1st Baron Wake of Liddell]]\u000a| mother = Joan de Fiennes\u000a| birth_date = c. 1297\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1349|9|19|df=yes}}\u000a
+p423
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Thomas Holland or de Holand or Holand\u000a| title = Earl of Kent\u000a| image = Thomas Holland 1430.jpg\u000a| caption = \u000a|spouse=[[Joan of Kent]]\u000a|issue=[[Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent]]<br>[[John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter]]<br>[[Joan Holland (1350\u20131384)|Joan, Duchess of Brittany]]<br>Maud, Countess of Ligny\u000a| titles = The Earl of Kent\u000a|father=[[Robert de Holland, 1st Baron Holand]]\u000a|mother=Maud la Zouche\u000a|birth_date=c. 1314\u000a|death_date={{Death date|1360|12|26|df=y}} (aged around 46) \u000a
+p424
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Thomas Holland\u000a| image = Arms of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent.svg\u000a| caption = coat of arms of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent\u000a| title = Earl of Kent<br>Baron Holand\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Kent]]\u000a| predecessor = Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent\u000a| spouse = [[Alice FitzAlan (1350-1416)|Alice FitzAlan]]\u000a| issue = [[Alianore Holland, Countess of March|Alianore Holland]]<br />[[Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey]]<br />[[Joan Holland]]<br />John Holland<br />[[Edmund Holland, 4th Earl of Kent]]<br />[[Margaret Holland]]<br />Elizabeth Holland<br />[[Eleanor Holland, Countess of Salisbury|Eleanor Holland]]<br />Bridget Holland<ref name="RGD">{{cite web|last=Tompsett|first=Brian|title=de Holland, Thomas, Earl of Kent 2nd|url=http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal03303|work=Royal Genealogical Data|accessdate=29 October 2011}}</ref>\u000a| styles =\u000a| house =\u000a| father = [[Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan of Kent]]\u000a| birth_date = 1350<ref name="RGD"/> or 1354<ref name=peerage>{{cite web|last=Lundy|first=Darryl|title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10292|url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10292.htm#i102917|work=thePeerage.com|accessdate=30 October 2011}}{{Verify credibility|failed=y |date=February 2013}}<!--Lundy is not a reliable source so cite Lundy's reliable source See [[WP:SAYWHEREYOUREADIT]]--></ref>\u000a| birth_place = [[Upholland]], [[Lancashire]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1397|4|25}} (aged around 47)\u000a| death_place = [[Arundel Castle]], [[Sussex]], England\u000a| place of burial = [[Bourne Abbey]], [[Lincolnshire]]\u000a
+p425
+aVInfobox person\u000a|name = The Duke of Exeter\u000a|image = Arms of John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter.svg\u000a|image_size = 125px\u000a|caption = Coat of arms of John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter\u000a|birth_name =\u000a|birth_date = c. 1352\u000a|birth_place =\u000a|death_date = 16 January {{death year and age|df=yes|1400|1352}}\u000a|death_place =\u000a|body_discovered =\u000a|death_cause =\u000a|resting_place =\u000a|resting_place_coordinates =\u000a|residence =\u000a|nationality =\u000a|ethnicity =\u000a|citizenship =\u000a|other_names =\u000a|known_for =\u000a|education =\u000a|alma_mater =\u000a|employer =\u000a|occupation =\u000a|years_active =\u000a|home_town =\u000a|title = [[Duke of Exeter]]<br>[[Earl of Huntingdon]]\u000a|salary =\u000a|networth =\u000a|height =\u000a|weight =\u000a|term =\u000a|predecessor =\u000a|successor =\u000a|party =\u000a|opponents =\u000a|boards =\u000a|religion =\u000a|spouse = [[Elizabeth of Lancaster, Duchess of Exeter|Elizabeth of Lancaster]]\u000a|partner =\u000a|children = Richard Holland<br>Constance Holland<br>Elizabeth Holland<br>Alice Holland<br>[[John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter]]<br>Sir Edward Holland\u000a|parents = [[Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent]]<br>[[Joan of Kent|Joan "The Fair Maid of Kent"]]\u000a|relations =\u000a|callsign =\u000a|signature =\u000a|website =\u000a|footnotes =\u000a
+p426
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Lady Joan Holland\u000a| title = [[Duchess consort of Brittany]]\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| birth_date = 1350\u000a| birth_death =\u000a| death_date = {{death year and age|1384|1350}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_place = \u000a| noble family = [[Holland family|Holland]] <small>(by birth)</small><br>[[House of Montfort]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent]]\u000a| mother = [[Joan of Kent]]\u000a| spouse = [[John V, Duke of Brittany]]\u000a
+p427
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=William de Montacute or William Montagu\u000a|title=The Earl of Salisbury<br>Baron Montacute<br>King of Mann\u000a|image=Salisbury 1430.jpg\u000a|image_size=240px\u000a|caption=William de Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, KG, illustration from the [[Bruges Garter Book]], c.1430\u000a|reign=30 January 1344 \u2013 3 June 1397\u000a|father=[[William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury]]\u000a|mother=[[Catherine Montagu, Countess of Salisbury|Catherine Grandison]]\u000a|spouse=[[Joan of Kent]]<br>Elizabeth de Mohun\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1328|6|25|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Donyatt]], [[Somerset]], [[England]]\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1397|6|3|1328|6|25|df=y}}\u000a
+p428
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Alice FitzAlan\u000a|image =Arundel Castle 2.jpg\u000a|caption=[[Arundel Castle]], birthplace of Lady Alice FitzAlan and her siblings\u000a|title ='''Lady Holland'''<br>'''Countess of Kent'''<br>'''Lady of the Garter'''\u000a|spouse =[[Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent]]\u000a|issue =[[Alianore Holland]], Countess of March<br>[[Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey]]<br>John Holland<br>Richard Holland<br>Elizabeth Holland<br>[[Joan Holland]], Duchess of York<br>[[Edmund Holland, 4th Earl of Kent]]<br>[[Margaret Holland]], Countess of Somerset<br>[[Eleanor Holland]], Countess of Salisbury<br>Bridget Holland\u000a|father =[[Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel]]\u000a|mother =[[Eleanor of Lancaster]]\u000a|birth_date =1350\u000a|birth_place =[[Arundel Castle]], Sussex, England\u000a|death_date =17 March 1416 (aged 66)\u000a|noble family =[[FitzAlan (name)|Fitzalan]]\u000a|
+p429
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| image =Filipa lencastre.jpg\u000a| succession =[[List of Portuguese royal consorts|Queen consort of Portugal]]\u000a| reign =11 February 1387 \u2013 19 July 1415\u000a| spouse =[[John I of Portugal|John I, King of Portugal]]\u000a| issue =[[Edward of Portugal|Edward, King of Portugal]]<br />[[Infante Peter, Duke of Coimbra]]<br />[[Henry the Navigator]]<br />[[Isabella of Portugal, Duchess of Burgundy|Isabella, Duchess of Burgundy]]<br />[[John, Lord of Reguengos de Monsaraz]]<br />[[Ferdinand the Saint Prince]]\u000a| house =[[House of Lancaster]] ''(by birth)''<br />[[House of Aviz]] ''(by marriage)''\u000a| father =[[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother =[[Blanche of Lancaster]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1360|3|31|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Leicester Castle]], England\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1415|7|19|1360|3|31|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Sacavém]], Portugal\u000a| burial_place = [[Batalha Monastery]], [[Leiria (district)|Leiria]]\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p430
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Elizabeth of Lancaster\u000a| title = Duchess of Exeter\u000a| image =\u000a| spouse = [[John Hastings, 3rd Earl of Pembroke]]<br>m. 1380; ann. 1383<br>[[John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter]]<br>m. 1386; dec. 1400<br>[[John Cornwall, 1st Baron Fanhope]]<br>m. aft. 1400; wid. 1426\u000a| issue = Constance Holland<br>Elizabeth Holland<br>Alice Holland, Countess of Oxford<br>[[John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter]]<br>Sir Edward Holland<br>Constance Cornwall, Countess of Arundel\u000a| father = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother = [[Blanche of Lancaster]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1363\u20131364\u000a| birth_place = [[Burford, Shropshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1426|11|24|df=yes}} (aged c. 61\u201363)\u000a| place of burial = [[Burford, Shropshire|Burford Church]], Shropshire\u000a
+p431
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Constance of Castile\u000a| title = Duchess of Lancaster\u000a| image = Constança de Castela, Duquesa de Lencastre - The Portuguese Genealogy (Genealogia dos Reis de Portugal).png\u000a| spouse = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| issue = [[Catherine of Lancaster|Catherine, Queen of Castile]]\u000a| house = [[House of Ivrea]]\u000a| father = [[Peter of Castile]]\u000a| mother = [[María de Padilla]]\u000a| birth_date = 1354\u000a| birth_place = [[Castrojeriz]], [[Castile (historical region)|Castile]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1394|3|24|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Leicester Castle]], [[Leicestershire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Newark Abbey]], [[Leicester]]\u000a| religion =[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p432
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| image = Catalina-de-Lancaster.jpg\u000a| imgw = 180px\u000a| succession = [[List of Castilian consorts|Queen consort of Castile and León]]\u000a| reign = 1393\u20131406\u000a| spouse = [[Henry III of Castile]]\u000a| issue = [[John II of Castile]]<br>[[Catherine, Duchess of Villena]]<br>[[Maria of Castile|Maria, Queen of Aragon]]\u000a| house = [[House of Lancaster]]\u000a| father = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother = [[Infanta Constance of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1373|3|31|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Hertford Castle]], Hertfordshire\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1418|6|2|1373|3|31|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Valladolid]], Castile and León\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Cathedral of Toledo]], Castile-La Mancha\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p433
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = Duchess of Lancaster\u000a| image = KTombDugdale67.jpg\u000a| caption = Katherine's tomb, the larger tomb, next to the tomb of her daughter, Joan Beaufort<ref>1640 drawing of the tombs of Katherine Swynford and her daughter Joan Beaufort in [[Lincoln Cathedral]] before the tombs were despoiled in 1644 by the Roundheads</ref>\u000a| spouse = Hugh Swynford<br />[[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| issue = Thomas Swynford<br />Blanche Swynford<br />Margaret Swynford<br />[[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset]]<br />[[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] [[Henry Beaufort]]<br />[[Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter]]<br />[[Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland]]\u000a| father = Payne de Roet\u000a| house = [[House of Lancaster]] ''(by marriage)''\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1350|11|25|df=yes}}\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1403|5|10|1350|11|25|df=yes}}\u000a
+p434
+aVInfobox Christian leader\u000a| type = Cardinal\u000a| honorific-prefix = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]]\u000a| name = Henry Beaufort\u000a| honorific-suffix = \u000a| title = [[Bishop of Winchester]]\u000a| image = Cardinal henry beaufort.jpg\u000a| caption = Henry Cardinal Beaufort\u000a| province = [[Province of Canterbury|Canterbury]]\u000a| diocese = [[Diocese of Winchester|Winchester]]\u000a| term_start = 1404\u000a| term_end = 1447\u000a| predecessor = [[William of Wykeham]]\u000a| successor = [[William Waynflete]]\u000a| other_post = [[List of Lord Chancellors and Lord Keepers|Lord Chancellor of England]], <br /> [[Cardinal_(Catholicism)#Cardinal_priest|Cardinal Priest]] of [[Sant'Eusebio|S. Eusebio]]\u000a<!---------- Orders ---------->\u000a| ordination = \u000a| ordinated_by =\u000a| consecration = 14 July 1398\u000a| consecrated_by = \u000a| cardinal = 24 May 1426\u000a| created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Martin V]]\u000a| rank = Cardinal Priest\u000a<!---------- Personal details ---------->\u000a| birth_name = \u000a| birth_date = ''circa'' 1377\u000a| birth_place = [[Château de Beaufort]], [[Anjou]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date = 11 April 1447 (aged ''c.'' 72)\u000a| death_place = [[Wolvesey Castle]], [[Winchester]], [[Hampshire]], [[England]]\u000a| buried = [[Winchester Cathedral]]\u000a| nationality = \u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church]]\u000a| residence = \u000a| parents = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]] and [[Katherine Swynford]]\u000a| spouse = \u000a| children = \u000a| occupation = \u000a| profession = \u000a| previous_post = [[Bishop of Lincoln]] 1398\u20131405, [[List of Chancellors of the University of Oxford|Chancellor of the University of Oxford]] 1397\u20131399, [[Dean (religion)|Dean]] of [[Wells Cathedral|Wells]] 1397\u20131398| alma_mater = \u000a| motto = \u000a| signature = \u000a| signature_alt = \u000a| coat_of_arms = \u000a| coat_of_arms_alt = \u000a
+p435
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = The Duke of Exeter\u000a| title = \u000a| image = Arms of Thomas Beaufort, 1st Duke of Exeter.svg\u000a| caption = Coat of arms of Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter\u000a| spouse = Margaret Neville of Horneby\u000a| father = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother = [[Katherine Swynford]]\u000a| birth_date = [[Château de Beaufort]], [[Anjou]], c. 1377\u000a| death_date ={{Death date|1426|12|31|df=yes}} (aged c. 49)\u000a| occupation = [[Lord Chancellor]]; [[Admiralty|Lord High Admiral]]\u000a
+p436
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Joan Beaufort\u000a| title = Countess of Westmorland\u000a| image = KTombDugdale67.jpg\u000a| caption = Joan's tomb, the smaller tomb, next to the tomb of her mother, Katherine Swynford<ref>1640 drawing of the tombs of Joan and her mother [[Katherine Swynford]] in [[Lincoln Cathedral]] before the tombs were despoiled in 1644 by the Roundheads</ref>\u000a| spouse = [[Robert Ferrers, 5th Baron Boteler of Wem]]<br>[[Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland]]\u000a| issue = Elizabeth Ferrers, 6th Baroness Boteler of Wem<br>Mary Neville, Countess of Westmorland<br>[[Katherine Neville, Duchess of Norfolk]]<br>[[Eleanor Percy, Countess of Northumberland]]<br>[[Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury]]<br />[[Robert Neville (bishop)|Robert Neville, Bishop of Durham]]<br />[[William Neville, 1st Earl of Kent]]<br>[[Edward Neville, 3rd Baron Bergavenny]]<br>Anne Neville, Duchess of Buckingham<br />[[Cecily Neville|Cecily Neville, Duchess of York]]<br />[[George Neville, 1st Baron Latimer]]<br>John Neville<br>Cuthbert Neville<br>Thomas Neville<br>Henry Neville<br>Joan Neville\u000a| father = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother = [[Katherine Swynford]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1379\u000a| birth_place = [[Château de Beaufort]], [[Anjou]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1440|11|13|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Howden]], [[Yorkshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Lincoln Cathedral]], [[Lincolnshire]]\u000a
+p437
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Henry of Grosmont\u000a| image =Portrait of Henry, Duke of Lancaster - William Bruges's Garter Book (c.1440-1450), f.8 - BL Stowe MS 594 (cropped).jpg\u000a| imgw = 225px\u000a| caption =Henry of Grosmont, from the ''[[Bruges Garter Book]]'' (1430) by [[William Bruges]]\u000a| succession =[[Duke of Lancaster]], [[Earl of Lancaster]] and [[Earl of Leicester|Leicester]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster|Henry, 3rd Earl]]\u000a| successor = [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster|John ''of Gaunt'', 4th Earl]], later 1st Duke of Lancaster\u000a| spouse =[[Isabel of Beaumont|Isabella de Beaumont]]\u000a| issue =[[Maud, Countess of Leicester]]<br>[[Blanche of Lancaster|Blanche, Duchess of Lancaster]]\u000a| styles =The Duke of Lancaster<br>The Earl of Lancaster<br>The Earl of Derby<br />Henry of Grosmont\u000a| house =[[House of Plantagenet]]\u000a| father =[[Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster]]\u000a| mother =[[Maud Chaworth]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1310\u000a| birth_place=[[Grosmont Castle]]<br>[[Grosmont, Monmouthshire|Grosmont]], [[Monmouthshire_(historic)|Monmouthshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1361|3|23|df=yes}} (aged 50\u201351)\u000a| death_place=[[Leicester Castle]]<br>[[Leicester]], [[Leicestershire]]\u000a|
+p438
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Anne Plantagenet\u000a| title = Duchess of Exeter\u000a| caption = Anne with her second husband Thomas St Ledger. [[Monumental brass]] in "St Ledger Chantry" (later "Rutland Chantry"), [[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]\u000a| image = Anne of York and Sir Thomas St. Leger.jpg\u000a| imgw = 180px\u000a| spouse = [[Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter]]<br> [[Thomas St. Leger]]\u000a| issue = Lady Anne Holland<br>[[Anne St. Leger]], Baroness de Ros\u000a| house = [[House of York]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br>[[House of Lancaster]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York|Lady Cecily Neville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1439|8|10|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Fotheringhay]], [[Northamptonshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1476|1|14|1439|8|10|df=yes}}\u000a| date of burial = 1 February 1476\u000a| place of burial = St Ledger Chantry, [[St. George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p439
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edmund of York\u000a| title = Earl of Rutland\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York|Cecily Neville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1443|5|17|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Rouen]], Normandy\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1460|12|30|1443|5|17|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Wakefield|Wakefield]], Yorkshire\u000a
+p440
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Elizabeth of York\u000a| title = Duchess of Suffolk\u000a| image = Elizabeth_of_Suffolk.jpg\u000a| imgw = 250\u000a| spouse = [[John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a| issue = [[John de la Pole, 1st Earl of Lincoln]]<br>Geoffrey de la Pole<br>Edward de la Pole, Archdeacon of Richmond<br>Elizabeth de la Pole, Lady Morley<br>[[Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk]]<br>Dorothy de la Pole<br>Humphrey de la Pole<br>Anne de la Pole<br>Catherine de la Pole, Lady Stourton<br>Sir [[William de la Pole (1478\u20131539)|William de la Pole]]<br>[[Richard de la Pole]]\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York|Lady Cecily Neville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1444|4|22|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Rouen]], [[Normandy]]\u000a| death_date = after January 1503 (aged 58?)\u000a| death_place = [[Wingfield, Suffolk|Wingfield]], [[Suffolk]]\u000a
+p441
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Margaret of York\u000a| image = Margaret of York.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| caption = Anonymous portrait of Margaret of York, ca. 1468, [[Louvre]]\u000a| reign = 9 July 1468 \u2013 5 January 1477\u000a| succession = Duchess consort of Burgundy\u000a| spouse = [[Charles the Bold]]\u000a| house =[[House of York]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br>[[House of Valois-Burgundy]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Cecily Neville]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1446|5|3|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Fotheringhay Castle]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1503|11|23|1446|5|3|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Mechelen|Mechlin]], [[Flanders]]\u000a
+p442
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = George Plantagenet \u000a| title = Duke of Clarence\u000a| image = George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence.jpg|George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| spouse = [[Isabella Neville]]\u000a| issue = Anne of York<br>[[Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury|Lady Margaret, Countess of Salisbury]]<br>[[Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick]]<br>Richard of York\u000a| styles = The Duke of Clarence\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1449|10|21|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Dublin Castle]], [[Lordship of Ireland|Ireland]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1478|2|18|1449|10|28}}\u000a| death_place = [[Tower of London]], [[London]]\u000a
+p443
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Ralph Neville\u000a| title = ''[[Earl of Westmorland]]''<br>''[[Baron Neville de Raby]]''<br>''Lord of Richmond''\u000a| image =Ralph Neville.jpg | imgw =200px\u000a| caption = Effigy of Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland, [[Staindrop]] Church | |spouse =[[Margaret de Stafford|Margaret Stafford]]<br>[[Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland|Joan Beaufort]]\u000a| issue = Sir John Neville<br>Sir Ralph Neville<br>Maud Neville<br>Alice Neville<br>[[Philippa de Neville|Philippa Neville]]<br>Elizabeth Neville<br>Anne Neville<br>Margaret Neville<br><br>[[Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury]]<br>Henry Neville<br>Thomas Neville<br>Cuthbert Neville<br>[[Robert Neville (bishop)|Robert Neville, Bishop of Salisbury]]<br>[[William Neville, 1st Earl of Kent]]<br>John Neville<br>[[George Neville, 1st Baron Latimer]]<br>[[Edward Nevill, 3rd Baron Bergavenny]]<br>Joan Neville<br>[[Katherine Neville, Duchess of Norfolk|Katherine Neville]]<br>[[Eleanor Percy, Countess of Northumberland|Eleanor Neville]]<br>Anne Neville<br>[[Cecily Neville, Duchess of York]]\u000a| full name =\u000a| noble family = [[House of Neville]]\u000a| father = [[John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby]]\u000a| mother = Hon Maud Percy\u000a| birth_date = c.1364\u000a| death_date =21 October 1425\u000a|
+p444
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| spouse = Sir Thomas Grey<br />[[Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex]]\u000a| image = BeeleighAbbey.jpg\u000a| caption = Remains of Beeleigh Abbey, first burial place of Isabel of York\u000a| issue = William Bourchier, Viscount Bourchier<br />Sir Henry Bourchier<br />Humphrey Bourchier, 1st Baron Cromwell<br />John Bourchier<br />Sir Thomas Bourchier<br />Edward Bourchier<br />Fulk Bourchier<br />Isabel Bourchier\u000a| father = [[Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge|Richard, 3rd Earl of Cambridge]]\u000a| mother = [[Anne de Mortimer|Anne Mortimer]]\u000a| birth_date = 1409\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1484|10|2|df=yes}} (aged 74\u201375)\u000a| place of burial = Beeleigh Abbey<br>Little Easton, Essex\u000a
+p445
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name = Alianore Holland\u000a|title = Countess of March'''<br>'''Baroness Cherleton'''\u000a|spouse = [[Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March]]<br>[[Edward Charleton, 5th Baron Cherleton]]\u000a|issue = [[Anne Mortimer]]<br>[[Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March]]<br>Roger Mortimer<br>Eleanor Mortimer<br>Joan de Cherleton<br>Joyce de Cherleton\u000a|father = [[Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent]]\u000a|mother = [[Alice Holland, Countess of Kent|Alice FitzAlan]]\u000a|birth_date = 13 October 1370\u000a|birth_place = [[Upholland]], Lancashire, England\u000a|death_date = October 1405\u000a|death_place = \u000a|noble family = [[Holland family|Holland]] <small>(by birth)</small><br>Mortimer <small>(by marriage)</small><br>Charleton <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a|
+p446
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward of Norwich\u000a| succession = [[Duke of York]]\u000a| image = Edward of Norwich Duke of York.jpg\u000a| predecessor = [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York|Edmund of Langley]]\u000a| successor = [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York|Richard of York]]\u000a| spouse = [[Beatrice of Portugal]]<br>[[Philippa de Mohun]]\u000a| house = [[House of York]]\u000a| father = [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Infanta Isabella of Castile|Isabel of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = c.1373\u000a| birth_place = [[Langley, Hertfordshire|Langley]], [[Hertfordshire]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1415|10|25|df=yes}} (aged ''c''. 41-42)\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Agincourt|Agincourt]], [[France]]\u000a
+p447
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = [[Baron le Despencer|Baroness le Despencer]] <br> [[Earl of Gloucester|Countess of Gloucester]]\u000a| spouse = [[Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester]]\u000a| issue = [[Richard le Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh]]<br>Elizabeth le Despenser<br>[[Isabel le Despenser, Countess of Worcester|Isabel le Despenser, Countess of Worcester and Warwick]]\u000a| house = [[House of York]] <small>(by birth)</small> <br> [[Le Despenser]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York]]\u000a| mother = [[Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York|Isabella of Castile]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1374\u000a| birth_place = [[Conisborough Castle|Conisburgh Castle]], [[Yorkshire]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = 28 November {{Death year and age|1416|1374}}\u000a| death_place = [[Reading Abbey]], [[Berkshire]], England
+p448
+aVInfobox noble|type\u000a| name = Lady Joan Holland\u000a| title = Duchess of York <br> Lady Willoughby de Eresby <br> Lady Scrope of Masham\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| spouse = [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York]] <br> [[William Willoughby, 5th Baron Willoughby de Eresby]] [[Baron Willoughby de Eresby|Lord Willoughby de Eresby]] <br> [[Henry Scrope, 3rd Baron Scrope of Masham|Henry le Scrope]], 3rd [[Baron Scrope of Masham]] <br> Sir Henry Bromflete\u000a| issue = \u000a| full name = \u000a| titles = \u000a| noble family = \u000a| father = [[Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent]]\u000a| mother = [[Alice Holland, Countess of Kent|Lady Alice FitzAlan]]\u000a| birth_date = ca. 1380\u000a| birth_place = [[Upholland]], [[Lancashire]], [[England]]\u000a| christening_date = \u000a| christening_place = \u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1434|4|12|1380|0|0|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a| burial_date = \u000a| burial_place = \u000a| occupation = \u000a
+p449
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Peter\u000a| image = Estatua de Pedro I el Cruel (M.A.N.) 01.jpg\u000a| imgw = 170px\u000a| caption = [[Alabaster]] sculpture of Peter the Cruel, from 1504\u000a| succession = King of [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]] and [[Kingdom of León|León]]\u000a| reign = 1350\u20131366\u000a| predecessor = [[Alfonso XI of Spain|Alfonso XI]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry II of Castile|Henry II]]\u000a| succession1 = King of Castile and León\u000a| reign1 = 1367\u20131369\u000a| predecessor1 = Henry II\u000a| successor1 = Henry II\u000a| spouse = [[María de Padilla]]<br />[[Blanche of Bourbon]]<br>[[Juana de Castro]]\u000a| issue = [[Constance of Castile, Duchess of Lancaster|Constance, Duchess of Lancaster]]<br>[[Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York|Isabella, Duchess of York]]\u000a| issue-link = #Children\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Ivrea]]\u000a| father = [[Alfonso XI of Castile]]\u000a| mother = [[Maria of Portugal, Queen of Castile|Maria of Portugal]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1334|08|30|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Burgos]], [[Crown of Castile|Castile]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1369|03|23|1334|08|30|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Montiel]], [[Kingdom of Toledo|Toledo]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place =\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p450
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = María Díaz de Padilla\u000a| image = Arms of María de Padilla.svg \u000a| caption = Arms of María de Padilla\u000a| noble family = Padilla\u000a| father = [[Juan García de Padilla]], 1st Lord of Villagera\u000a| mother = [[María González de Henestrosa]]\u000a| spouse = \u000a| birth_date = 1334\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{death year and age|1361|1334|08}}\u000a| death_place = [[Seville]]\u000a
+p451
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Margaret Beauchamp\u000a| title = Duchess of Somerset<br>Lady Welles\u000a| spouse = Sir Oliver St John<br>[[John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset]]<br>[[Lionel de Welles, 6th Baron Welles]]\u000a| issue = Sir John St John<br>Oliver St John<br>Edith St John<br>Mary St John<br>Elizabeth St John<br>Agnes St John<br>Margaret St John<br>[[Lady Margaret Beaufort]]<br>[[John Welles, 1st Viscount Welles]]\u000a| father = John Beauchamp of Bletso\u000a| mother = Edith Stourton\u000a| birth_date = c.1410\u000a| death_date = before 3 June 1482\u000a
+p452
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name = Sir Henry Stafford\u000a|title =\u000a|spouse =[[Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby]] (3rd husband)\u000a|issue =There were no children of the marriage\u000a|father =[[Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham]]\u000a|mother =Anne Neville\u000a|birth_date =c.1425\u000a|death_date =1471\u000a|
+p453
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Thomas Stanley\u000a|image=Thomas-Stanley-1st-Earl-of-Derby.jpg\u000a|caption=Portrait purported to be of the first Earl of Derby but the costume is of a later period\u000a|birth_date=1435\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|1504|7|29|1435|1|1}}\u000a|father=[[Thomas Stanley, 1st Baron Stanley]]\u000a|mother=Joan Goushill\u000a|spouse=Lady Eleanor Neville<br>[[Lady Margaret Beaufort]]\u000a|issue=[[George Stanley, 9th Baron Strange]]\u000a
+p454
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry Beaufort\u000a| image = Arms_of_John_Beaufort,_1st_Earl_of_Somerset.svg\u000a| imgw = 125px\u000a| caption = coat of arms of Beaufort, earls and dukes of Somerset\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Somerset]]\u000a| predecessor = [[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset|John Beaufort, 1st Earl]]\u000a| successor = [[John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset|John Beaufort, 3rd Earl, 1st Duke]]\u000a| house = [[House of Beaufort]]\u000a| father = John Beaufort, 1st Earl\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Holland, Duchess of Clarence]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1401|11|26|df=yes}} ''(probable)''\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1418|11|25|1401|11|26|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Siege of Rouen]], [[France]]\u000a
+p455
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Joan Beaufort\u000a| image = Beaufortforeman'sroll.jpg\u000a| imgw =150px\u000a| caption = Joan Beaufort\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scotland]]\u000a| reign = 2 February 1424 \u2013 21 February 1437\u000a| spouse = [[James I of Scotland]] (m. 1424-1437)<br>[[James Stewart, the Black Knight of Lorn]] (m. 1439-1445)\u000a| issue = [[Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France|Margaret, Dauphine of France]]<br>[[Isabella of Scotland|Isabella, Duchess of Brittany]]<br>[[Eleanor of Scotland|Eleanor, Archduchess of Austria]]<br>[[Mary of Scotland, Countess of Buchan|Mary, Countess of Buchan]]<br>[[Joan of Scotland, Countess of Morton|Joan, Countess of Morton]]<br>[[James II of Scotland]]<br>[[Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay|Alexander, Duke of Rothesay]]<br>[[Annabella of Scotland|Annabella, Countess of Huntly]]<br>[[John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl|John, 1st Earl of Atholl]]<br>[[James Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan|James, 1st Earl of Buchan]]<br>[[Andrew Stewart (d. 1501)|Andrew Stewart, Bishop of Moray]]\u000a| house = [[House of Beaufort]]\u000a| styles = Lady Joan Stewart<br>''Her Grace'' Queen Joan<br>''Her Grace'' The Queen<br>Lady Joan Beaufort\u000a| father = [[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Holland]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1404\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1445|7|15|df=yes}} (aged c. 41)\u000a| death_place = [[Dunbar Castle]], [[East Lothian]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Perth Charterhouse]]\u000a| style =\u000a|
+p456
+aVInfobox nobility|\u000a| name =Thomas Beaufort\u000a| title = [[Count of Perche]] \u000a| image =\u000a| caption =\u000a| spouse =\u000a| issue =\u000a| full name =\u000a| noble family =[[House of Beaufort]]\u000a| father =[[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset]] \u000a| mother =[[Margaret Holland]]\u000a| birth_date =1405\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =2 October 1431 (aged 26)\u000a| death_place =[[Louviers]], [[France]]\u000a|
+p457
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = The Duke of Somerset\u000a| image = Arms_of_John_Beaufort,_1st_Earl_of_Somerset.svg\u000a| imgw = 125\u000a| caption = Coat of arms of Beaufort, Earls and Dukes of Somerset\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Somerset]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset|Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Earl of Somerset]]\u000a| predecessor1 = [[John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset|John Beaufort, 1st Duke, 3rd Earl]]\u000a| successor1 = Henry Beaufort, 5th Earl\u000a| spouse = [[Eleanor Beauchamp]]\u000a| issue =[[Eleanor Beaufort|Eleanor Beaufort, Countess Ormonde]]<br />Dame Elizabeth FitzLewis<br />[[Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset]]<br />[[Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Stafford]],<br />[[Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset|Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke]]<br />Dame Anne Paston<br />[[John Beaufort, Marquess of Dorset]]<br />Joan, Baroness St Lawrence<br/>Thomas Beaufort\u000a| house = [[House of Beaufort]]\u000a| father = [[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset|John Beaufort, 1st Earl]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Holland]]\u000a| birth_date = 1406\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1455|5|22|df=yes}} (aged 48/9)\u000a| death_place = [[First Battle of St Albans]]
+p458
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Lady Margaret Beaufort\u000a| title = Countess of Devon\u000a| spouse = [[Thomas de Courtenay, 13th Earl of Devon]]\u000a| issue = [[Thomas Courtenay, 6th Earl of Devon|Thomas Courtenay, 14th Earl of Devon]]<br>Henry Courtenay<br>[[John Courtenay, 15th Earl of Devon|Sir John Courtenay]]<br>Joan Courtenay<br>Elizabeth Courtenay<br>Anne Courtenay<br>Eleanor Courtenay<br>Maud Courtenay\u000a| house = [[House of Beaufort|Beaufort]] (by birth)\u000a| father = [[John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Somerset|Margaret Holland]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1409\u000a| birth_place = [[Westminster]]\u000a| death_date = 1449 (aged c. 40)\u000a
+p459
+aVInfobox Officeholder\u000a| honorific-prefix = [[The Most Honourable]]\u000a| name = The Marquess of Dorset<br />{{small|[[Order of the Bath|KB]] [[Order of the Garter|KG]] [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|PC]]}}\u000a| image = Coat of arms of Sir Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset, KG.png\u000a| image_size = 243px\u000a| caption = Arms of Sir Thomas Grey,<br />2nd Marquess of Dorset, KG\u000a| succession = 2nd [[Marquess of Dorset]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset|Thomas Grey]]\u000a| successor = [[Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk|Henry Grey]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1477|6|22|df=y}}<ref name=dnb/>\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1530|10|10|1477|6|22|df=y}}<ref name=dnb/>\u000a| occupation = [[peerage of England|peer]], [[courtier]], [[soldier]] and [[landowner]]\u000a| spouse = Eleanor St John<br>[[Margaret Wotton, Marchioness of Dorset|Margaret Wotton]]\u000a| parents = [[Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset]]<br>[[Cecily Bonville, Baroness Harington and Bonville]]\u000a| children =[[Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]<br>Edward Grey<br>Lord Thomas Grey<br>[[Lord John Grey of Pirgo|Lord Jong Grey]]<br>Mary Grey<br>Katherine Grey<br>Elizabeth Grey<br>Anne Grey\u000a
+p460
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Margaret Wotton\u000a|image =Margaret Wotton.jpg\u000a|image_size= 250px\u000a|caption =Portrait of Margaret Wotton, Marchioness of Dorset, by [[Hans Holbein the Younger]]\u000a|title ='''Marchioness of Dorset'''\u000a|birth_date=1487\u000a|birth_place=Boughton Malherbe, Kent, England\u000a|death_date=1541\u000a|death_place=England\u000a|spouse =William Medley<br>[[Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset]]\u000a|issue =George Medley<br>Lady Elizabeth Grey<br>Lady Katherine Grey<br>Lady Anne Grey<br>[[Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]<br>Lord John Grey<br>Lord Thomas Grey<br>Leonard Grey<br>Lady Mary Grey\u000a|father =Sir Robert Wotton\u000a|mother =Anne Belknap\u000a|
+p461
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Lady Catherine Grey\u000a| image = CGrey.jpg\u000a| image_size = 250px\u000a| caption = Lady Catherine Grey, by [[Levina Teerlinc]], c. 1555\u20131560. On the reverse of this [[portrait miniature]] it reads: "The La Kathe'/ Graye. / Wyfe of Therle of / hertford"\u000a| title = '''Countess of Hertford'''\u000a| birth_date = 25 August 1540\u000a| birth_place = [[Bradgate Park]], [[Leicester]], England\u000a| death_date = 26 January 1568 (aged 27)\u000a| death_place = [[Cockfield Hall]], [[Yoxford]], Suffolk\u000a| place of burial = Cockfield Chapel, [[Yoxford]] Church, Suffolk\u000a| noble family = Grey\u000a| father = [[Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a| mother = [[Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk|Lady Frances Brandon]]\u000a| spouse = [[Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke|Henry Herbert]]<br>[[Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford]]\u000a| issue = [[Edward Seymour, Lord Beauchamp of Hache]]<br>Thomas Seymour\u000a
+p462
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name = Mary Grey\u000a|image = Hans Eworth Lady Mary Grey 1571.jpg\u000a|father = [[Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a|mother = [[Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk|Lady Frances Brandon]]\u000a|spouse = [[Thomas Keyes]]\u000a|birth_date = c. 1545\u000a|death_date = 20 April 1578
+p463
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+aVInfobox military person\u000a| name = William Brandon\u000a| birth_date = 1456?\u000a| death_date = {{death date|df=yes|1485|08|22}}\u000a| death_place = Near [[Ambion Hill]], [[Market Bosworth]], [[England]]\u000a| allegiance = [[Henry VII of England|Henry Tudor]]\u000a| rank = [[Standard-bearer]], Knight\u000a| unit = [[House of Lancaster]]\u000a| battles = [[War of the Roses]]: [[Battle of Bosworth Field]]\u000a| relations = \u000a* [[Thomas Brandon (diplomat)|Sir Thomas Brandon]] (brother)\u000a* [[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]] (son)\u000a
+p464
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+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Anne Brandon\u000a|title ='''Baroness Grey of Powys'''\u000a|father =[[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a|mother =Anne Browne\u000a|birth_date =c.1507\u000a|birth_place =England\u000a|death_date =January 1558\u000a|place of burial =London (either Westminster Abbey or St. Margaret's Church)\u000a|spouse =Edward Grey, 3rd Baron Grey of Powys<br>Randal Haworth\u000a|
+p465
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Mary Brandon\u000a|image =Mary Brandon.jpg\u000a|image_size =250px\u000a|caption =Portrait of Mary Brandon, Baroness Monteagle, drawn by [[Hans Holbein the Younger]]\u000a|title ='''Baroness Monteagle'''\u000a|birth_date=2 June 1510\u000a|birth_place=England \u000a|death_date=1540/1544 (aged around 30-34)\u000a|death_place=England\u000a|spouse =Thomas Stanley, 2nd Baron Monteagle\u000a|issue =William Stanley, 3rd Baron Monteagle<br>Francis Stanley<br>Charles Stanley<br>Elizabeth Stanley<br>Anne Stanley<br>Margaret Stanley\u000a|father =[[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a|mother =Anne Browne\u000a|occupation =[[Lady-in-waiting]]\u000a|
+p466
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Lady Eleanor Brandon\u000a| title = Countess of Cumberland\u000a| image = LadyMargaretClifford.jpg\u000a| caption = Portrait by Hans Eworth of either Lady Eleanor or her daughter, [[Margaret Stanley, Countess of Derby|Lady Margaret]].\u000a| spouse = [[Henry Clifford, 2nd Earl of Cumberland]]\u000a| issue = [[Margaret Stanley, Countess of Derby|Lady Margaret Clifford]]<br>Henry Clifford<br>Charles Clifford\u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary Tudor, Queen of France]]\u000a| birth_date = 1519\u000a| birth_place = [[England]]\u000a| death_date = 27 September 1547\u000a| death_place = [[Brougham Castle]], [[Westmorland]], England\u000a| burial_place= [[Skipton]], [[Yorkshire]]\u000a
+p467
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry Brandon\u000a| title = 1st Earl of Lincoln\u000a| image = Henry Brandon, Earl of Lincoln.jpg\u000a| caption = A portrait once thought to be of [[Edward VI]], now thought to be of Henry Brandon.\u000a| spouse = \u000a| issue = \u000a| house = [[House of Tudor]]\u000a| father = [[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]\u000a| mother = [[Mary Tudor, Queen of France]]\u000a| birth_date = 1523\u000a| birth_place = [[England]]\u000a| death_date = 1 March 1534 (aged 10/11)\u000a| death_place = [[Southwark]], England\u000a| burial_place= \u000a
+p468
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name = Catherine Willoughby\u000a|image = Catherine, Duchess of Suffolk by Hans Holbein the Younger.jpg\u000a|image_size = 200px\u000a|caption = Catherine Willoughby, drawing by [[Hans Holbein the Younger]]\u000a|title = suo jure '''Baroness Willoughby de Eresby'''<br>'''Duchess of Suffolk'''\u000a|birth_date = 22 March 1519\u000a|birth_place = \u000a|death_date = 19 September 1580 (aged 60/61)\u000a|death_place = [[Grimsthorpe Castle]], [[Lincolnshire]]\u000a|noble family = Willoughby<br>de Salinas\u000a|spouse =[[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk]]<br>[[Richard Bertie (courtier)|Richard Bertie]]\u000a|issue =[[Henry Brandon, 2nd Duke of Suffolk]]<br>[[Charles Brandon, 3rd Duke of Suffolk]]<br>[[Susan Bertie]]<br>[[Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby]]\u000a|father =[[William Willoughby, 11th Baron Willoughby de Eresby]]\u000a|mother =[[Maria de Salinas]]\u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| type = monarch\u000a| name = Louis XII\u000a| succession = [[List of French monarchs|King of France]]\u000a| image = Louis-xii-roi-de-france.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = 7 April 1498 \u2013 1 January 1515\u000a| coronation = 27 May 1498 ([[Reims Cathedral|Reims]])\u000a| cor-type = france\u000a| predecessor = [[Charles VIII of France|Charles VIII]]\u000a| successor = [[Francis I of France|Francis I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Joan of France, Duchess of Berry|Joan of France]]<br>[[Anne of Brittany|Anne, Duchess of Brittany]]<br>[[Mary Tudor, Queen of France|Mary of England]]\u000a| issue = [[Claude of France|Claude, Queen of France]]<br>[[Renée of France|Renée, Duchess of Ferrara]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house = [[House of Valois]]\u000a| father = [[Charles, Duke of Orléans]]\u000a| mother = [[Marie of Cleves]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1462|6|27|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Château de Blois]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1515|1|1|1462|6|27|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Hôtel des Tournelles]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Saint Denis Basilica]]\u000a| signature =\u000a| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p470
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| name =Mary of Guise\u000a| image =Maryofguise1.jpg\u000a| caption =Mary of Guise, c. 1537, by [[Corneille de Lyon]].\u000a| succession =[[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scotland]]\u000a| reign = 18 May 1538 \u2013 14 December 1542\u000a| coronation = 22 February 1540\u000a| spouse =[[Louis II d'Orléans, Duke of Longueville|Louis II, Duke of Longueville]]<br>m. 1534; wid. 1537<br />[[James V of Scotland]]<br>m.1538; wid. 1542\u000a| issue =Francis III, Duke of Longueville<br>Louis of Longueville<br>[[Mary, Queen of Scots]]\u000a| house =[[House of Guise]]\u000a| father =[[Claude, Duke of Guise]]\u000a| mother =[[Antoinette de Bourbon]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1515|11|22|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Bar-le-Duc]], [[Lorraine (province)|Lorraine]], [[France]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1560|6|11|1515|11|22|df=y}} ([[Oedema|dropsy]])\u000a| death_place = [[Edinburgh Castle]], [[Scotland]]\u000a| place of burial=Saint Pierre de [[Reims]], [[France]]\u000a|
+p471
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a|name=Francis II\u000a|image=FrancoisII.jpg\u000a|caption=\u000a|succession= [[List of French monarchs|King of France]]\u000a|reign=10 July 1559 \u2013 5 December 1560\u000a|coronation=21 September 1559\u000a|cor-type=france\u000a|succession1= [[List of Scottish consorts|King consort of Scots]]\u000a|reign1=24 April 1558 \u2013 5 December 1560\u000a|reign-type1=Tenure\u000a|full name=\u000a|predecessor=[[Henry II of France|Henry II]]\u000a|successor=[[Charles IX of France|Charles IX]]\u000a|spouse=[[Mary, Queen of Scots]]\u000a|house=[[House of Valois-Angoulême]]\u000a|father=[[Henry II of France]]\u000a|mother=[[Catherine de' Medici]]\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1544|1|19|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Château de Fontainebleau]], France\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1560|12|5|1544|1|19|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=[[Orléans]], France\u000a|place of burial=[[Saint Denis Basilica]], France\u000a|religion=Roman Catholic\u000a|
+p472
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = James Hepburn\u000a| image = James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, c 1535 - 1578. Third husband of Mary Queen of Scots - Google Art Project.jpg\u000a| title = [[Duke of Orkney]]<br />[[Earl of Bothwell]]\u000a| caption = Portrait of The Earl of Bothwell, Anonymous, 1566\u000a| spouse = [[Jean Gordon, Countess of Bothwell|Lady Jean Gordon]]<br />[[Mary, Queen of Scots]]<br />[[Anna Throndsen]] \u000a| father = [[Patrick Hepburn, 3rd Earl of Bothwell]]\u000a| mother = Agnes Sinclair\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1534\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1578|4|14|1534|4|13|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Dragsholm Castle]], [[Denmark]]\u000a| place of burial = Fårevejle Church, Dragsholm\u000a
+p473
+aVInfobox Peer\u000a|name = The Earl of Angus\u000a| image = 6th Earl of Angus.jpg\u000a| imagesize = 200px\u000a|caption = Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus\u000a|birth_name =\u000a|birth_date = 1489\u000a|birth_place = Douglasdale, [[Lanark]], [[Scotland]]\u000a|death_date = 22 January 1557\u000a|death_place = [[Tantallon Castle]], [[Scotland]]\u000a|death_cause =\u000a|body_discovered =\u000a|resting_place = [[Abernethy, Perth and Kinross|Abernethy]]\u000a|title = Earl of Angus\u000a|tenure =\u000a|residence =\u000a|nationality = {{flagicon|Scotland}}[[Kingdom of Scotland]]\u000a|locality =\u000a|other_names = The Earl of Angus<br>Earl Angus\u000a|years_active =\u000a|wars_and_battles =\u000a|offices = [[Lord Chancellor of Scotland]]\u000a|networth =\u000a|known_for =\u000a|years_active =\u000a|predecessor = [[Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus]]\u000a|heir =\u000a|successor = [[David Douglas, 7th Earl of Angus]]\u000a|spouse = Margaret or Mary Hepburn<br>[[Margaret Tudor]]<br>Margaret Maxwell\u000a|issue = {{ubl|[[Margaret Douglas|Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox]]| [[Patrick Ruthven, 3rd Lord Ruthven|Janet Douglas, Lady Ruthven]]}}\u000a|signature =\u000a|parents = {{ubl|[[George Douglas, Master of Angus]]|Elizabeth Drummond}}\u000a|footnotes =\u000a|misc =\u000a
+p474
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| monarch\u000a| name = James IV\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish monarchs|King of Scots]]\u000a| more = sc\u000a| image = James_IV_of_Scotland.jpg\u000a| imgw = 199\u000a| reign = 11 June 1488 \u2013 9 September 1513\u000a| coronation = 24 June 1488\u000a| predecessor = [[James III of Scotland|James III]]\u000a| successor = [[James V of Scotland|James V]]\u000a| spouse = [[Margaret Tudor]]\u000a| issue = [[James, Duke of Rothesay (born 1507)|James, Duke of Rothesay]] <small>''(infant)''</small><br>[[Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay|Arthur, Duke of Rothesay]] <small>''(infant)''</small><br>[[James V of Scotland|James V]]<br>[[Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross|Alexander, Duke of Ross]] <small>''(infant)''</small>\u000a| issue-link = #Marriage\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a| house = [[House of Stewart]]\u000a| father = [[James III of Scotland|James III]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland|Margaret of Denmark]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1473|3|17|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Stirling Castle]], Scotland\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1513|9|9|1473|3|17|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Flodden Field]], [[Northumberland]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic]](excomunicated by [[Christopher Bainbridge]]) \u000a|
+p475
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| succession =[[List of Scottish consorts|Queen consort of Scots]]\u000a| image =MadeleinedeValois.jpg\u000a| imgw =180px\u000a| caption =Madeleine de Valois by [[Corneille de la Haye]]\u000a| reign =1 January \u2013 7 July 1537\u000a| spouse =[[James V of Scotland]]\u000a| house =[[House of Valois-Angoulême]]\u000a| father =[[Francis I of France]]\u000a| mother =[[Claude of France|Claude, Duchess of Brittany]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1520|8|10|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[St. Germain-en-Laye]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1537|7|7|1520|8|10|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Holyrood Abbey]]\u000a|
+p476
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| prince\u000a| name = James Stewart\u000a| title = Duke of Rothesay\u000a| royal house = [[House of Stuart]]\u000a| father = [[James IV of Scotland|James IV]]\u000a| mother = [[Margaret Tudor]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1507|2|21|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Holyrood Palace]], [[Edinburgh]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1508|2|27|df=yes}}<br>(aged {{age in years and days|1507|2|21|1508|2|27}})\u000a| death_place = [[Stirling Castle]], [[Scotland]]\u000a
+p477
+aVInfobox person\u000a| name = Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1509|10|20|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Holyrood Palace]] \u000a| death_date = 14 July 1510 (age 8 months 24 days)\u000a| death_place = [[Edinburgh Castle]]\u000a
+p478
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+aVInfobox Officeholder\u000a| name = Frederick Henry,<br/>Prince of Orange\u000a| image = Frederik Hendrik by Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt.jpg\u000a| caption = Prince Frederick Henry by [[Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt]]\u000a| order =\u000a| office = [[Principality of Orange|Prince of Orange]]\u000a| term_start = 1625\u000a| term_end = 1647\u000a| predecessor = [[Maurice, Prince of Orange|Maurice]]\u000a| successor = [[William II, Prince of Orange|William II]]\u000a| office2 = Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel\u000a| term_start2 = 1625\u000a| term_end2 = 1647\u000a| predecessor2 = [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]]\u000a| successor2 = [[William II, Prince of Orange]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1584|1|29|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Delft]], [[Dutch Republic]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1647|3|14|1584|1|29|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[The Hague]], [[Dutch Republic]]\u000a| restingplace = [[Nieuwe Kerk (Delft)|Nieuwe Kerk]], [[Delft]], [[Netherlands]]\u000a| restingplacecoordinates = {{coord|52.0123|4.3609|display=inline}}\u000a| birthname =\u000a| nationality =\u000a| party =\u000a| otherparty =\u000a| spouse = [[Amalia of Solms-Braunfels]]\u000a| partner =\u000a| relations =\u000a| children =\u000a| residence =\u000a| alma_mater =\u000a| occupation =\u000a| profession =\u000a| cabinet =\u000a| committees =\u000a| portfolio =\u000a| religion =\u000a| signature =\u000a| website =\u000a| footnotes =\u000a
+p479
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|name=Maximilian William\u000a|image=Maximilian William of Brunswick-Lüneburg.jpg\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1666|12|13|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Schloss Iburg]], [[Brunswick-Lüneburg]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1726|7|16|1666|12|13|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=[[Vienna]], [[Archduchy of Austria|Austria]], Holy Roman Empire\u000a|religion=[[Roman Catholicism]],<br>previously [[Lutheran]]\u000a|father=[[Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a|mother=[[Sophia of Hanover|Sophia of the Palatinate]]\u000a|house=[[House of Hanover]]\u000a
+p480
+aVInfobox royalty|majesty|consort\u000a| name = Sophia Charlotte of Hanover\u000a| succession= [[List of Prussian consorts|Queen consort in Prussia]]\u000a| image = Sohie Charlotte von Hannover; Queen of Preußen.jpg\u000a| reign = 18 January 1701 \u2013 1 February 1705\u000a| spouse = [[Frederick I of Prussia]]\u000a| issue = [[Frederick William I of Prussia]]\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| mother = [[Sophia of Hanover|Sophia of the Palatinate]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1668|10|30|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Bad Iburg|Iburg]], [[Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück|Osnabrück]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1705|2|1|1668|10|30|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Hanover]], [[Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| burial_place = [[Berlin Cathedral]]\u000a| religion = [[Protestantism|Protestant]]\u000a|
+p481
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|none\u000a|name = Ernest\u000a|title = Duke of York and Albany\u000a|image = Ernest August, Duke of York (1674-1728).jpg\u000a|titles = ''HH'' The Duke of York and Albany<br />''HSH'' Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover<br />''HH'' Duke Ernst August of Brunswick-Lüneburg\u000a|house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a|full name = Ernest Augustus\u000a|father = [[Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a|mother = [[Sophia of Hanover|Sophia of the Palatinate]]\u000a|birth_date = {{Birth date|1674|9|17|df=yes}}\u000a|birth_place = [[Osnabrück]]\u000a|death_date = {{Death date and age|1728|8|14|1674|9|7|df=yes}}\u000a|death_place = [[Osnabrück]]\u000a
+p482
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Frederick V\u000a| image = Gerard van Honthorst 006.jpg\u000a| caption = Frederick wearing the [[Crown of Saint Wenceslas]], other Bohemian regalia and the collar of the [[Order of the Garter]] and holding an [[Globus cruciger|orb]]. On the table is the Cap representing his separate office as [[Prince-elector|Elector]] [[Electoral Palatinate|Palatine]]. Painted by [[Gerrit von Honthorst]] in 1634.\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1596|8|26|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Deinschwang]], near [[Amberg]], [[Upper Palatinate]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1632|11|29|1596|8|26|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Mainz]]\u000a| succession = [[Elector Palatine]]\u000a| reign = 19 September 1610 \u2013 23 February 1623\u000a| predecessor = [[Frederick IV, Elector Palatine|Frederick IV]]\u000a| successor = [[Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine|Charles I Louis]]\u000a| succession1 = [[King of Bohemia]]\u000a| reign1 = 26 August 1619 \u2013 8 November 1620\u000a| coronation1 = 4 November 1619\u000a| house = [[House of Palatinate-Simmern]], cadet branch of the [[House of Wittelsbach]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick IV, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Countess Louise Juliana of Nassau|Louise Juliana of Nassau]]\u000a| spouse = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia]]\u000a| issue = [[Frederick Henry of the Palatinate|Prince Frederick Henry]]<br>[[Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine]]<br>[[Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Palatine|Elisabeth III, Princess-Abbess of Herford]]<br>[[Prince Rupert of the Rhine|Prince Rupert, Duke of Cumberland]]<br>[[Maurice of the Palatinate-Simmern|Prince Maurice]]<br>[[Louise Marie of the Palatinate|Princess Louise Marie]]<br>Prince Louis<br>[[Edward of the Palatinate-Simmern|Prince Edward]]<br>[[Philip Frederick of the Palatinate|Prince Philip of the Palatinate]]<br>[[Charlotte of the Palatinate (1628\u20131631)|Princess Charlotte]]<br>[[Sophia of Hanover|Sophia, Electress of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]<br>[[Gustavus Adolphus of the Palatinate|Prince Gustavus]]\u000a| issue-link = #Family and children\u000a| issue-pipe = more...\u000a
+p483
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Henry Frederick\u000a| title = Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate\u000a| image = Image:Frederick Henry of the Palatine.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A painting of Fredericj by ''Thach''.\u000a| birth_date = 1 January 1614\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1629|1|7|1614|1|1|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Haarlemmermeer#History|Haarlemmermeer]], [[Netherlands]]\u000a| house = [[House of Palatinate-Simmern]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia]]\u000a
+p484
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Elisabeth\u000a| title = Princess-Abbess of Herford Abbey\u000a| image = 1636 Elisabeth of Bohemia.jpg\u000a| caption = \u000a| spouse = \u000a| issue = \u000a| house = [[House of Palatinate-Simmern]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth Stuart]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1618|12|26|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Heidelberg]], [[Electorate of the Palatinate]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1680|2|11|1618|12|26|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Herford Abbey]]\u000a| place of burial = \u000a| religion = [[Calvinist]]\u000a|
+p485
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Rupert\u000a| title = Count Palatine of the Rhine\u000a| image = Rupert of the Rhine.jpg\u000a| caption = Prince Rupert portrayed in Roman garb\u000a| spouse =\u000a| issue = Dudley Bard (1666\u201386)<br>[[Ruperta Howe]] (1671\u20131740)\u000a| titles = Count Palatine of the Rhine<br>[[Duke of Cumberland]]<br>[[Earl of Holderness]]\u000a| house = [[Palatinate-Simmern]] branch of the [[House of Wittelsbach]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth Stuart]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1619|12|17|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Prague]], [[Kingdom of Bohemia]]\u000a| date of christening =\u000a| place of christening =\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1682|11|29|1619|12|17|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Westminster]], [[Middlesex]], England\u000a| date of burial =\u000a| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], London, England\u000a| occupation = Soldier, statesman, privateer and scientist\u000a
+p486
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Louise Hollandine\u000a| title = Abbess of Maubuisson\u000a| image = Image:LuiseHollandine.jpg\u000a| caption = \u000a| full name = Louise Hollandine\u000a| birth_date = 18 April 1622\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1709|2|11|1622|4|18|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a| house = \u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth Stuart]]\u000a| occupation = Portrait painter, [[graphic artist]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], <br> ''prev.'' [[Protestant]]\u000a
+p487
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Edward\u000a| title = Prince Palatine\u000a| image = Eduardo_palatino.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| spouse = [[Anna Gonzaga]]\u000a| issue = [[Luise Marie of the Palatinate]]<br>[[Anne Henriette of Bavaria|Anne Henriette, Princess of Condé]]<br>[[Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate|Benedicta Henrietta, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]\u000a| house = [[House of Palatinate-Simmern|House of Palatine Simmern]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth Stuart]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1625|10|5|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[The Hague]], [[Netherlands]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1663|3|13|1625|10|5|df=yes}}\u000a| religion = [[Protestant]], ''converted to'' [[Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p488
+ag130
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Philip Frederick \u000a| title = Prince Palatine\u000a| image = 1627 Philipp.jpg\u000a| caption = Prince Philip of the Palatinate, as a Roman emperor.\u000a| spouse = \u000a| issue = \u000a| house = [[House of Palatinate-Simmern|House of Palatine Simmern]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth Stuart]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1627|9|16|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[The Hague]], [[Netherlands]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1650|12|16|df=yes}} (aged 23)\u000a| death_place = [[Rethel]], [[France]]\u000a| religion = [[Protestant]]\u000a
+p489
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Charlotte \u000a| title = Princess Palatine\u000a| image = Coat of Arms of Frederick V of the Palatinate.svg\u000a| caption = Coat of Arms of [[Frederick V of the Palatinate]].\u000a| spouse = \u000a| issue = \u000a| house = [[House of Palatinate-Simmern|House of Palatine Simmern]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth Stuart]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1628|12|19|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[The Hague]], [[Netherlands]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date|1631|1|14|df=yes}} (aged 2)\u000a| death_place = [[The Hague]]\u000a| religion = [[Protestant]]\u000a
+p490
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Prince Gustavus Adolphus \u000a| title = Prince Palatine\u000a| image = Queen Elizabeth with Prince Gustavus.jpg\u000a| caption = Prince Gustavus (left), with his oldest sister, [[Elisabeth of the Palatinate]] (right) by [[Gerard van Honthorst]].\u000a| spouse = \u000a| issue = \u000a| house = [[House of Palatinate-Simmern|House of Palatine Simmern]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]]\u000a| mother = [[Elizabeth of Bohemia|Elizabeth Stuart]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1632|1|14|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place = [[The Hague]], [[Netherlands]]\u000a| death_date = 9 January 1641 (aged 8)\u000a| death_place = \u000a| religion = [[Protestant]]\u000a
+p491
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Prince Edward\u000a| title =Duke of York and Albany\u000a| image = Edward, Duke of York (Pompeo Batoni).jpg\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| titles =''HRH'' The Duke of York<br />''HRH'' Prince Edward<ref name="gaz" />\u000a| father =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| full name = Edward Augustus\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1739|3|25|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Norfolk House]], [[St James's Square]], [[Westminster]]\u000a| date of christening =22 April 1739\u000a| place of christening =Norfolk House, St James's Square, Westminster\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1767|9|17|1739|3|25|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Prince's Palace of Monaco|Prince's Palace]], [[Monaco-Ville]]\u000a| date of burial =1 November 1767\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], London\u000a|
+p492
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Princess Elizabeth\u000a| image = Princess Elizabeth Caroline.jpg\u000a|caption=Princess Elizabeth Caroline (1740-1759)\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| titles =''HRH'' Princess Elizabeth<ref name="liz">''The London Gazette'' refers to her more often as [http://www.londongazette.co.uk/ViewPDF.aspx?pdf=8053 Princess Elizabeth]</ref>\u000a| father =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1741|1|10|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Norfolk House]], [[Westminster]]\u000a| date of christening =3 February 1741\u000a| place of christening =[[Norfolk House]], [[Westminster]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1759|9|4|1741|1|10|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Kew Palace]], [[Surrey]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], [[Westminster]]\u000a|
+p493
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| image = WilliamHenryDukeOfGloucester.jpg\u000a| caption = The Duke of Gloucester painted ca. 1780 by [[Johann Zoffany]]\u000a| name = Prince William\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh]]\u000a| successor = [[Prince William, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh (son)|Prince William]] (yr.)\u000a| spouse = [[Maria, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Maria Walpole]]\u000a| issue = [[Princess Sophia of Gloucester]]<br />[[Princess Caroline of Gloucester]]<br />[[Prince William, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh (son)|Prince William, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh]]\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| full name = William Henry\u000a| father = [[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1743|11|25|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Leicester Square|Leicester House]], [[Westminster]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1805|8|25|1743|11|25|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Gloucester House]], Westminster\u000a| date of burial = 4 September 1805\u000a| place of burial = [[St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle|St George's Chapel]], [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]]\u000a
+p494
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Prince Henry\u000a| title =Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn\u000a| image =HenryDukeOfCumberland.jpg\u000a| caption =The Duke of Cumberland, as painted by [[Thomas Gainsborough]], 1777\u000a| spouse =[[Anne, Duchess of Cumberland and Strathearn|Anne Horton]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1745|11|7|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Leicester Square|Leicester House]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1790|9|18|1745|11|7|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[London]]\u000a
+p495
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Princess Louisa\u000a| image =Princess Louisa of Great Britain 1765-70.jpg\u000a| imgw =\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| titles =''HRH'' Princess Louisa\u000a| father =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1749|3|19|df=yes}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Leicester Square|Leicester House]], [[London]]\u000a| date of christening =11 April 1749\u000a| place of christening =[[Leicester Square|Leicester House]], [[Westminster]], [[London]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1768|5|13|1749|3|19|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place =[[Carlton House, London|Carlton House]], [[London]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a|
+p496
+aVInfobox royalty|royal\u000a| name =Prince Frederick\u000a| image =Prince Frederick of Great Britain.JPG\u000a| caption =Frederick as a child, 1751\u000a| full name =Frederick William\u000a| father =[[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| house =[[House of Hanover]]\u000a| birth_date = 13 May 1750\u000a| birth_place =[[Leicester Square|Leicester House]], [[Westminster]], [[England]]\u000a| death_date = 29 December 1765\u000a| death_place =[[Leicester Square|Leicester House]], [[Westminster]], [[England]]\u000a| place of burial =[[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]\u000a|
+p497
+aVInfobox royalty|majesty|consort\u000a| name = Caroline Matilda of Great Britain\u000a| succession = [[Queen consort of Denmark]] and [[Queen consort of Norway|Norway]]\u000a| image = Caroline-Mathildeofwales denmark.jpg\u000a| caption = Caroline Mathilde [[pastel]] by [[Francis Cotes]]\u000a| reign = 8 November 1766 \u2013 10 May 1775\u000a| spouse = [[Christian VII of Denmark]]\u000a| issue = [[Frederick VI of Denmark]]<br />[[Princess Louise Augusta of Denmark|Louise Augusta, Duchess of Augustenborg]]\u000a| house = [[House of Hanover]]\u000a| father = [[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha]]\u000a| birth_date = {{Birth date|1751|7|11|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Essex House (London)|Leicester House]], [[London]], [[England]], [[Great Britain]]\u000a| date of christening = 22 July 1751\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1775|5|10|1751|7|11|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Celle]], Germany\u000a| date of burial = 13 May 1775\u000a| place of burial = Stadtkirche St. Marien, [[Celle]], [[Germany]]\u000a|
+p498
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| title = Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg\u000a| name = Frederick II\u000a| full name =\u000a| image =Christian Schilbach - Porträt des Herzogs Friedrich II. von Sachsen-Gotha-Altenburg.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = 1691–1732\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]\u000a| predecessor = [[Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Frederick I]]\u000a| successor = [[Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Frederick III]]\u000a| regent = [[Bernhard I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen|Bernhard I]] and [[Heinrich, Duke of Saxe-Römhild|Heinrich]]\u000a| spouse =[[Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst]]\u000a| issue =[[Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Frederick III]]<br />[[Prince John August of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Prince John August]]<br />[[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha|Augusta, Princess of Wales]]\u000a| issue-link = #Issue\u000a| issue-pipe = among others...\u000a| house =[[Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|House of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]\u000a| father =[[Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]\u000a| mother =[[Magdalene Sibylle of Saxe-Weissenfels]]\u000a| birth_date ={{birth date|1676|7|28|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Gotha (town)|Gotha]]\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1732|3|23|1676|7|28|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Altenburg]]\u000a| place of burial=\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p499
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch|consort\u000a| title = [[Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]\u000a| name = Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst\u000a| full name =\u000a| image =Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst.JPG\u000a| imgw = 220px\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = 1696\u20131732\u000a| succession =\u000a| spouse =[[Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Frederick II]]\u000a| issue =Princess Sophie <br /> [[Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Frederick III]] <br /> Prince Wilhelm <br /> Prince Karl Frederick <br /> [[Prince John August of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Prince John August]] <br /> Prince Christian <br /> Prince Christian Wilhelm <br /> Prince Ludwig Ernst <br /> Prince Emanuel <br /> Prince Moritz <br /> Princess Sophie <br /> Prince Karl <br /> [[Fredericka of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|Fredericka, Duchess of Saxe-Weissenfels]] <br /> Princess Magdalena Sibylle <br /> [[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha|Augusta, Princess of Wales]] <br /> Prince Johann Adolf\u000a| house =[[Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg|House of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]<br>[[House of Ascania]]\u000a| father =[[Karl of Anhalt-Zerbst]]\u000a| mother =[[Duchess Sophia of Saxe-Weissenfels]]\u000a| birth_date ={{birth date|1679|10|13|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1740|10|11|1679|10|13|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial=\u000a| religion =[[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p500
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld\u000a| name =Francis\u000a| full name =({{lang-de|Franz Friedrich Anton}}) <br> ({{lang-en|Francis Frederick Anthony}})\u000a| image = FranzFriedrich AntonSaCoSa.jpg\u000a| imgw = 190px\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| reign = 1800\u20131806\u000a| predecessor = [[Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Ernest Frederick]]\u000a| successor = [[Ernest III, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Ernest III]]\u000a| spouse =[[Princess Sophie of Saxe-Hildburghausen]]<br>[[Countess Augusta of Reuss-Ebersdorf]]\u000a| issue =[[Princess Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Princess Sophie, Countess von Mensdorff-Pouilly]]<br>[[Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Antoinette, Duchess Alexander of Württemberg]] <br> [[Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Grand Duchess Anna Feodorovna of Russia]]<br> [[Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Ernest I]] <br> [[Ferdinand Georg of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha|Prince Ferdinand Georg]] <br> [[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Victoria, Duchess of Kent and Strathearn]] <br> Princess Marianne <br> [[Leopold I of Belgium]] <br> Prince Franz Maximilian\u000a| house =[[House of Wettin]]\u000a| father =[[Ernst Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| mother =[[Sophia Antonia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1750|7|15|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Coburg]], [[Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1806|12|9|1750|7|15|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Coburg]], [[Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]], [[Confederation of the Rhine]]\u000a| place of burial=\u000a| religion = [[Lutheranism]]\u000a|
+p501
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort=yes\u000a| title = Duchess consort of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld\u000a| name =Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf\u000a| full name = Augusta Caroline Sophie\u000a| image = Augusta di Reuss-Ebersdorf, duchessa di Sassonia-Coburgo-Saalfeld.jpg\u000a| imgw = 240px\u000a| reign = 1800\u20131806\u000a| spouse =[[Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| issue =[[Princess Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Princess Sophie, Countess von Mensdorff-Pouilly]] <br> [[Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Princess Antoinette, Duchess Alexander of Württemberg]] <br> [[Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Grand Duchess Anna Feodorovna of Russia]]<br> [[Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] <br> [[Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Prince Ferdinand]] <br> [[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Princess Victoria, Duchess of Kent and Strathearn]]<br> [[Leopold I of Belgium]]\u000a| issue-link =#Issue\u000a| issue-pipe =More\u000a| house =[[House of Wettin]]<br>[[House of Reuss]]\u000a| royal anthem =\u000a| father =[[Heinrich XXIV, Count Reuss of Ebersdorf]]\u000a| mother =[[Karoline Ernestine of Erbach-Schönberg]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1757|1|19|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Saalburg-Ebersdorf]]\u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|1831|11|16|1757|1|19|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Coburg]]\u000a| place of burial=\u000a|
+p502
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Emich Carl\u000a| image =Emich Carl 2nd prince of Leiningen.jpg\u000a| title = [[Prince of Leiningen]]\u000a| birth_date = {{birth date|1763|9|27|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place = [[Dürckheim]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date and age|1814|7|4|1763|9|27|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Amorbach]]\u000a| house = [[House of Leiningen]]\u000a| father = [[Carl Friedrich Wilhelm, 1st Prince of Leiningen]]\u000a| mother = Countess Christiane Wilhelmine Luise of Solms-Rödelheim and Assenheim\u000a| spouse = Princess Henriette of Reuss-Ebersdorf<br>[[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| issue = ''with Princess Henriette of Reuss-Ebersdorf:'' <br> Prince Friedrich <br>\u000a''with [[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]:'' <br> [[Carl, 3rd Prince of Leiningen]]<br>[[Princess Feodora of Leiningen|Feodora, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]\u000a
+p503
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name =Carl\u000a| image =Princes Charles of Leiningen.jpg\u000a| succession =[[Prince of Leiningen]]\u000a| reign =4 July 1814 \u2013 13 November 1856\u000a| predecessor =[[Emich Carl, 2nd Prince of Leiningen|Emich Carl]]\u000a| successor =[[Ernst Leopold, 4th Prince of Leiningen|Ernst Leopold]]\u000a| full name =''Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Emich''\u000a| spouse =Countess Maria Klebelsberg\u000a| issue =[[Ernst Leopold, 4th Prince of Leiningen]]<br />[[Prince Eduard of Leiningen]]\u000a| house =[[House of Leiningen]]\u000a| father =[[Emich Carl, 2nd Prince of Leiningen]]\u000a| mother =[[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld|Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| birth_date ={{Birth date|1804|9|12|df=y}}\u000a| birth_place =[[Amorbach]], [[Electorate of Bavaria]]\u000a| death_date ={{death date and age|1856|11|13|1804|9|12|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =[[Amorbach]], [[Kingdom of Bavaria]]\u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Princess Feodora\u000a| title = [[Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg|Princess consort of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]\u000a| image = Feo.jpg\u000a| caption = Princess Feodora in about 1828.\u000a| spouse = [[Ernst I, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]\u000a| issue = [[Carl Ludwig II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]<br />Princess Elise <br />[[Hermann, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]]<br />[[Prince Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg|Prince Victor]]<br />[[Princess Adelheid of Hohenlohe-Langenburg|Adelheid, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein]]<br />[[Princess Feodora of Hohenlohe-Langenburg|Feodora, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen]]\u000a| full name = Anna Feodora Auguste Charlotte Wilhelmine<br />''Anne Theodora Augusta Charlotte Wilhelmina''\u000a| house = [[House of Leiningen]] <small>(by birth)</small><br />[[House of Hohenlohe-Langenburg]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a| father = [[Emich Carl, 2nd Prince of Leiningen]]\u000a| mother = [[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]\u000a| birth_date = 7 December 1807\u000a| birth_place = [[Amorbach]]\u000a| death_date = {{Death date and age|1872|9|23|1807|12|7|df=yes}}\u000a| death_place = [[Baden-Baden]]\u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a|consort = yes\u000a|succession= [[List of English consorts|Queen consort of England]]\u000a|reign = 944 - 26 May 946\u000a|spouse = [[Edmund I|Edmund I, King of England]] <br> Æthelstan\u000a|house = [[House of Wessex]] <small>(by marriage)</small>\u000a|father = Ælfgar, ealdorman of Essex\u000a
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+aVInfobox noble|Earl\u000a| type = Ealdorman\u000a| name = Æthelstan\u000a| succession = [[Earl of East Anglia|Ealdorman of East Anglia]]\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| reign = c. 932 - 956 AD\u000a| predecessor = Ælfred\u000a| successor = [[Æthelwald, Ealdorman of East Anglia|Æthelwald]]\u000a| issue = [[Æthelwald, Ealdorman of East Anglia|Æthelwald]]<br />Ælfwald<br />Æthelwig<br />Æthelsige<br />[[Æthelwine, Ealdorman of East Anglia|Æthelwine]] \u000a| spouse = Ælfwynn\u000a| father = [[Æthelfrith of Wessex|Æthelfrith]]\u000a| mother = Æthelgyth\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| death_date = \u000a| place of burial = \u000a
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+aVInfobox person\u000a|name = Oslac of York\u000a|title = [[Ealdorman of York]] (c. 966–975)\u000a
+p508
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = William I "''Longsword''"\u000a| image = William longsword statue in falaise.JPG\u000a| caption = Statue of William Longsword, part of the "Six Dukes of Normandy" series in [[Falaise, Calvados|Falaise]].\u000a| succession = [[Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| reign = 927\u2013942\u000a| predecessor = [[Rollo]]\u000a| successor = [[Richard I, Duke of Normandy|Richard I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Luitgarde of Vermandois]]\u000a| issue = [[Richard I of Normandy]] (illegitimate)\u000a| father = [[Rollo]]\u000a| mother = [[Poppa of Bayeux|Poppa]]\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 893\u000a| birth_place = [[Bayeux]] or [[Rouen]]\u000a| death_date = 17 December 942\u000a| death_place = [[Picquigny]] on the [[River Somme|Somme]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Rouen Cathedral]]\u000a|
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Robert II\u000a| image = RobertNorm.jpg\u000a| caption = \u000a| birth_name = \u000a| succession = [[Archbishop of Rouen]]\u000a| reign = 989-1037\u000a| reign-type = Tenure\u000a| predecessor = Hugh III\u000a| successor = [[Mauger (archbishop of Rouen)|Mauger]]\u000a| succession1 = [[Count of Évreux]]\u000a| reign1 = c. 989-1037\u000a| predecessor1 = New creation\u000a| successor1 = [[Richard, Count of Évreux|Richard]]\u000a| house = [[House of Normandy]]\u000a| father = [[Richard I, Duke of Normandy]]\u000a| mother = [[Gunnora]]\u000a| birth_date = bef. 989\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 1037\u000a| death_place = \u000a| spouse = Herlevea\u000a| issue = [[Richard, Count of Évreux]] <br> [[Ralph de Gacé]] <br> [[William d'Évreux]]\u000a| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
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+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| name =Maud\u000a| image =Maud Normandy.jpg\u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession =\u000a| reign =\u000a| predecessor =\u000a| regent =\u000a| successor =\u000a| spouse =[[Odo II, Count of Blois]]\u000a| issue =\u000a| house =\u000a| father =[[Richard I of Normandy|Richard the Fearless]]\u000a| mother =[[Gunnora]]\u000a| birth_date =\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =1006\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial=\u000a| religion =\u000a| signature =\u000a
+p511
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a| name = Hawise\u000a| image = Hvaiza.jpg\u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession =\u000a| reign =\u000a| spouse = [[Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany|Geoffrey I]]\u000a| issue = [[Alan III of Brittany]]<br />[[Odo, Count of Penthièvre]]\u000a| house = [[House of Rennes]]\u000a| father = [[Richard I of Normandy|Richard the Fearless]]\u000a| mother = [[Gunnora]]\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 21 February 1034\u000a| death_place =\u000a| burial_place=\u000a| religion =[[Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a| signature =\u000a
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+aVInfobox monarch\u000a|name = Boles\u0142aw I Chrobry\u000a|title = [[King of Poland]]\u000a|image = Boleslaus I.jpg\u000a|caption = Portrait by [[Jan Matejko]].\u000a|reign = Duke: 992 \u2013 18 April 1025<br/>King: 18 April \u2013 17 June 1025\u000a|coronation = 18 April 1025, <br/> [[Gniezno|Gniezno Cathedral]], [[Kingdom of Poland (1025\u20131138)|Poland]].\u000a|full name = \u000a|predecessor = [[Mieszko I of Poland|Mieszko I]]\u000a|successor = [[Mieszko II Lambert]]\u000a|spouse 1 = Hunilda (?), daughter of Rikdag\u000a|spouse 2 = [[Judith of Hungary]]\u000a|spouse 3 = [[Emnilda of Lusatia]]\u000a|spouse 4 = [[Oda of Meissen]]\u000a|issue = '''With Hunilda:'''<br/> a daughter, Princess of Pomerania<br/><br/> '''With Judith:'''<br/> [[Bezprym]]<br/><br/>'''With Enmilda:'''<br/> a daughter nun;<br/> [[Regelinda]], Margravine of Meissen;<br/> [[Mieszko II Lambert]];<br/> a daughter, Grand Princess of Kiev;<br/> [[Otto Boles\u0142awowic|Otto]]<br/><br/>'''With Oda:'''<br/> Matilda\u000a|dynasty = [[Piast dynasty|Piast]]\u000a|father = [[Mieszko I of Poland]]\u000a|mother = [[Dobrawa of Bohemia]]\u000a|birth_date = 967\u000a|birth_place = \u000a|death_date = 17 June 1025 (aged 58)\u000a|death_place = [[Kraków]]?\u000a|date of burial =\u000a|place of burial = [[Archcathedral Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul, Pozna\u0144|Cathedral Basilica of Sts. Peter and Paul]], [[Pozna\u0144]]\u000a
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+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Boleslaus I, Duke of Bohemia\u000a| image = Boleslav-I-Bohemian.jpg\u000a| image_size = 150px\u000a| caption = Boleslaus I the Cruel\u000a| reign = 935\u2013967/972\u000a| noble family = [[P\u0159emyslids]]\u000a| father = [[Vratislaus I of Bohemia]]\u000a| mother = [[Drahomíra]]\u000a| spouse = [[Biagota]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa|915}}\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 967 or 972\u000a| death_place = \u000a
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Olof Skötkonung\u000a| image = Olof Skotkonung.png\u000a| caption = Coin minted for King Olof in [[Sigtuna]]\u000a| reign = 995\u20131022\u000a| coronation =\u000a| othertitles =\u000a| succession = King of Sweden\u000a| predecessor = [[Eric the Victorious|Erik Segersäll]]\u000a| successor = [[Anund Jacob of Sweden|Anund Jacob]]\u000a| spouse = [[Estrid of the Obotrites]]\u000a| spouse 2 =\u000a| issue = ''by [[Edla]]:'' <br>[[Emund the Old]]<br />[[Astrid Olofsdotter|Astrid, Queen of Norway]]<br /> ''by [[Estrid of the Obotrites]]:'' <br>[[Anund Jacob of Sweden|Anund Jacob]]<br />[[Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden|Ingegerd, Grand Princess of Kievan Rus']]\u000a| house = [[House of Munsö]]\u000a| dynasty =\u000a| royal anthem =\u000a| father = [[Eric the Victorious|Erik Segersäll]]\u000a| mother = [[Sigrid the Haughty|Sigríð Storråda]]?\u000a| birth_date = 980\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = {{death year and age|1022|980}}\u000a| death_place =\u000a| date of burial =\u000a| place of burial =\u000a
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Tostig Godwinson\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Northumbria]]\u000a| reign = 1055-1065\u000a| predecessor = [[Siward of Northumbria|Siward]]\u000a| successor = [[Morcar]]\u000a\u000a| house = [[House of Godwin]]\u000a| spouse = [[Judith of Flanders, Countess of Northumbria|Judith of Flanders]]\u000a| issue = Skuli Tostisson Kongsfostre <br> Ketil Tostisson\u000a| father = [[Godwin, Earl of Wessex]]\u000a| mother = [[Gytha Thorkelsdóttir|Gytha]]\u000a| \u000a| death_date = 25 September 1066\u000a| death Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire|Stamford Bridge]], [[Yorkshire]], [[Kingdom of England|England]]\u000a
+p516
+aVInfobox Nobility\u000a| type = Earl\u000a| name = Gyrth Godwinson \u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| succession = [[Earl of East Anglia]]\u000a| reign = 1057 - 14 October 1066\u000a| predecessor = [[Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia|Ælfgar]]\u000a| successor = [[Ralph the Staller]]\u000a| house = [[House of Godwin]]\u000a| spouse =\u000a| issue =\u000a| father = [[Godwin, Earl of Wessex|Godwin]]\u000a| mother = [[Gytha Thorkelsdóttir]]\u000a| birth_date = c.1030\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 14 October 1066\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Hastings]], [[Sussex]]\u000a| place of burial =\u000a| religion =\u000a|
+p517
+aVInfobox Nobility\u000a| type = Earl\u000a| name = Leofwine Godwinson \u000a| image =\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Kent]]\u000a| reign = c.1055 - 14 October 1066\u000a| predecessor = [[Godwin, Earl of Wessex|Godwin]]\u000a| successor = [[Odo, Earl of Kent|Odo]]\u000a| house = [[House of Godwin]]\u000a| spouse =\u000a| issue =\u000a| father = [[Godwin, Earl of Wessex|Godwin]]\u000a| mother = [[Gytha Thorkelsdóttir]]\u000a| birth_date = c.1035\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 14 October 1066\u000a| death_place = [[Battle of Hastings]], [[Sussex]]\u000a| place of burial =\u000a| religion =\u000a|
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+aVInfobox Nobility\u000a| name = Leofric \u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| reign = c. 1017 \u2013 1057\u000a| predecessor = [[Eadric Streona]]\u000a| successor = [[Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia|Ælfgar]]\u000a\u000a| spouse = [[Lady Godiva|Godgifu]]\u000a| issue = [[Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| house = \u000a| father = [[Leofwine, Ealdorman of the Hwicce|Leofwine]]\u000a| mother = \u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 31 August or 30 September 1057 \u000a| death_place = [[Kings Bromley]], [[Staffordshire]]\u000a| place of burial = [[St. Mary's Priory and Cathedral]], [[Coventry]]\u000a|
+p519
+aVInfobox Nobility\u000a| name = Edwin\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| reign = c.1062 \u2013 1071 \u000a| predecessor = [[Ælfg\u0101r, Earl of Mercia|Ælfgar]]\u000a| successor = Office abolished\u000a| house =\u000a| issue = \u000a| spouse = \u000a| father = [[Ælfg\u0101r, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| mother = Ælfgifu{{cnl|date=September 2014}}\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| death_date = 1071 \u000a| place of burial = \u000a
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+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Ælfgar\u000a| image = \u000a| imagesize = \u000a| caption = \u000a\u000a| succession = [[Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| reign = 1057 \u2013 c.1062\u000a| predecessor = [[Leofric, Earl of Mercia|Leofric]]\u000a| successor = [[Edwin, Earl of Mercia|Edwin]]\u000a\u000a| house = \u000a| spouse = Ælfgifu{{cnl|date=September 2014}}\u000a| spouse-type = Spouse\u000a| issue = {{Plainlist|\u000a* Burgheard\u000a* [[Edwin, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a* [[Morcar, Earl of Northumbria]]\u000a* [[Edith of Mercia|Eadgyth]]\u000a}}\u000a| issue-link =\u000a| issue-pipe = \u000a\u000a| father = [[Leofric, Earl of Mercia]]\u000a| mother = [[Godiva|Godgifu]] (possibly)\u000a| birth_date = \u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = c.1062\u000a| death_place = \u000a| place of burial = \u000a| religion = \u000a
+p521
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+aVInfobox noble|type\u000a| name = Robert I of Flanders\u000a| image = image:Robrecht de Fries.png\u000a| caption = {{center|Robert I Count of Flanders}}\u000a| succession = Count of Flanders\u000a| reign = 22 February 1071 to 13 October 1093\u000a| predecessor = [[Arnulf III, Count of Flanders|Arnulf III]]\u000a| successor = [[Robert II of Flanders|Robert II]]\u000a| spouse = [[Gertrude of Saxony]]\u000a| noble family = [[House of Flanders]]\u000a| father = [[Baldwin V, Count of Flanders|Baldwin V of Flanders]]\u000a| mother = [[Adela of France, Countess of Flanders|Adèle]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa|1035}}\u000a| death_date = 1093\u000a
+p522
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+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a|name=Robert II the Pious\u000a|title=King of the Franks <small>[[Style of the French Sovereign#List of changes to the royal style|(more...)]]</small>\u000a|image=Laurens excomunication 1875 orsay.jpg\u000a|caption=The Excommunication of Robert the Pious ''by [[Jean-Paul Laurens]] (1875)\u000a|succession=[[List of French monarchs|King of the Franks]]\u000a|reign=30 December 987 \u2013 24 October 996;<br />24 October 996 \u2013 20 July 1031\u000a|reign-type=Co-reign<br>Solo-reign\u000a|coronation=30 December 987<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=1CtJHdyYhmQC&pg=PA353&dq=Robert+II+crowned+30+December+987&hl=bs&ei=dkiCTK2iOMKclgeO4e3jDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Robert%20II%20crowned%2030%20December%20987&f=false Fulk Nerra, the neo-Roman consul, 987\u20131040: a political biography of the Angevin count]</ref>\u000a|cor-type=france\u000a|full name=\u000a|predecessor=[[Hugh Capet of France|Hugh]]\u000a|successor=[[Henry I of France|Henry I]]\u000a|spouse=[[Rozala of Italy]]<br />[[Bertha of Burgundy]]<br />[[Constance of Arles]]\u000a|issue=[[Hedwig of France, Countess of Nevers|Hedwig, Countess of Nevers]]<br /> [[Hugh Magnus]]<br /> [[Henry I of France]]<br /> [[Adela of France, Countess of Flanders|Adela, Countess of Flanders]]<br /> [[Robert I, Duke of Burgundy]]\u000a|royal house=[[House of Capet]]\u000a|royal anthem =\u000a|father=[[Hugh Capet of France|Hugh Capet]]\u000a|mother=[[Adelaide of Aquitaine]]\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|972|3|27|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=[[Orléans]], France\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1031|7|20|972|3|27|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=[[Melun]], France\u000a|place of burial=[[Saint Denis Basilica]], Paris, France\u000a|
+p523
+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a|name= Constance of Arles\u000a|succession= [[Queen consort of the Franks]]\u000a|image= Robert2Franc Constance of Arles.jpg\u000a|imgw= 200\u000a|caption=\u000a|reign= 1001\u20131031\u000a|coronation=\u000a|titles=\u000a|spouse= [[Robert II of France]]\u000a|issue= [[Hugh Magnus of France]]<br>[[Henry I of France]]<br>[[Adela of France, Countess of Flanders]]<br>[[Robert I, Duke of Burgundy]]\u000a|house= [[House of Capet]]\u000a|father= [[William I of Provence|William I, Count of Provence]]\u000a|mother= [[Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou]]\u000a|birth_date= c. 986\u000a|birth_place= [[Arles]], France\u000a|death_date= 28 July 1032\u000a|death_place=[[Melun]], France\u000a|burial_place= [[Saint Denis Basilica]], Paris, France\u000a|
+p524
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Duncan I\u000a| image = Donnchad I.jpg\u000a| imgw = 200px\u000a| caption = Anachronistic depiction of Duncan I by [[Jacob de Wet]], 17th Century\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish monarchs|King of Alba]]\u000a| reign = 1034\u20131040\u000a| predecessor = [[Malcolm II of Scotland|Malcolm II]]\u000a| successor = [[Macbeth, King of Scotland|Macbeth]]\u000a| spouse = Suthen\u000a| issue = [[Malcolm III of Scotland|Malcolm III]], King of Alba<br />[[Donald III of Scotland|Donald III]], King of Alba<br>[[Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl]]\u000a| house = [[House of Dunkeld|Dunkeld]]\u000a| father = [[Crinan of Dunkeld]]\u000a| mother = [[Bethoc]]\u000a| death_date = {{death date|1040|8|14|df=yes}}<ref name=Broun>Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)".</ref>\u000a| death_place = Pitgaveny, near [[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Iona]] ?\u000a
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Ingibiorg Finnsdottir\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish consorts|Queen Consort of Scotland]]\u000a| reign = c. 1058\u20131069\u000a| spouse = [[Thorfinn Sigurdsson]]<br />[[Malcolm III of Scotland|Malcolm III]], King of Alba\u000a| issue = [[Paul and Erlend Thorfinnsson]]<br />[[Duncan II of Scotland|Duncan II]], King of Alba\u000a| father = [[Finn Arnesson]]\u000a| mother = Bergljot Halvdansdottir\u000a| birth_place=[[Norway]]\u000a| death_date= c.1069\u000a| death_place=[[Scotland]]\u000a
+p526
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Duncan II\u000a| image = Donnchad II.jpg\u000a| imgw = 180px\u000a| succession = [[List of Scottish monarchs|King of Alba]]\u000a| reign = 1094\u000a| predecessor = [[Donald III of Scotland|Donald III]]\u000a| successor = Donald III\u000a| spouse = [[Uchtreda of Northumbria]]\u000a| issue = [[William fitz Duncan]]\u000a| house = [[House of Dunkeld]]\u000a| father = [[Malcolm III of Scotland|Malcolm III]], King of Alba\u000a| mother = [[Ingibiorg Finnsdottir]]\u000a| birth_date = b. c. 1060\u000a| death_date = {{death date|1094|11|12|df=y}}\u000a| place of burial = [[Dunfermline Abbey]]\u000a
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+aVInfobox monarch\u000a| name = Edgar\u000a| title = King of Alba<br>or<br>King of the Scots\u000a| image= King Edgar of Scotland.jpg\u000a| caption = Seal of King Edgar, styles Edgar ''[[Basileus]]'' ("sovereign") of the Scots\u000a| reign = 1097–1107\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor = [[Donald III of Scotland|Donald III]]\u000a| successor = [[Alexander I of Scotland|Alexander I]]\u000a| royal house = [[House of Dunkeld]]\u000a| father = [[Malcolm III of Scotland|Malcolm III]]\u000a| mother = [[Saint Margaret of Scotland|Margaret of Wessex]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1074\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{death date|1107|1|8|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Edinburgh]]\u000a| place of burial= [[Dunfermline Abbey]]\u000a|
+p528
+aVInfobox monarch\u000a| name = Alexander I\u000a| title = King of the Scots\u000a| image = Alexander I (Alba) i.JPG\u000a| reign = 1107\u20131124\u000a| coronation =\u000a| predecessor = [[Edgar, King of Scotland|Edgar]]\u000a| successor = [[David I of Scotland|David I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Sybilla of Normandy]]\u000a| issue = [[Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair|Máel Coluim]] (illegitimate)\u000a| royal house = [[House of Dunkeld]]\u000a| father = [[Malcolm III of Scotland|Malcolm III]]\u000a| mother = [[Saint Margaret of Scotland|Margaret of Wessex]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1078\u000a| birth_place = [[Dunfermline]]\u000a| death_date = 23 April 1124 (aged 44)\u000a| death_place = [[Stirling]]\u000a| place of burial = [[Dunfermline Abbey]]\u000a|
+p529
+aVInfobox monarch\u000a| name = David I\u000a| title = "King of the Scots" ... ([[Style of the monarchs of Scotland#Traditional Scottish period|more]])\u000a| image = DavidIofScotland.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = April or May 1124 \u2013 24 May 1153\u000a| coronation = [[Scone, Scotland|Scone]], April or May 1124\u000a| full name = Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim\u000a| predecessor = [[Alexander I of Scotland|Alexander I]]\u000a| successor = [[Malcolm IV of Scotland|Malcolm IV]]\u000a| queen = [[Maud, Countess of Huntingdon|Matilda, Countess of Huntingdon]]\u000a| issue = {{plainlist|\u000a* [[Henry of Scotland|Henry, Earl of Northumberland]]\u000a* Hodierna\u000a* Claricia}}\u000a| royal house = [[House of Dunkeld|Dunkeld]]\u000a| father = [[Malcolm III of Scotland|Malcolm III]]\u000a| mother = [[Saint Margaret of Scotland|Margaret of Wessex]]\u000a| birth_date = 1084\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = {{death date|1153|5|24|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Carlisle, Cumbria|Carlisle]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place = [[Dunfermline Abbey]]\u000a
+p530
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+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name =Henry II\u000a| title =[[Count of Louvain]]<br>[[Count of Brussels]]\u000a| image =\u000a| spouse =Adèle\u000a| issue =[[Henry III, Count of Louvain]]<br>[[Godfrey I, Count of Louvain]]<br>[[Albero I of Louvain]], [[Prince-Bishop of Liège]]<br>Ide\u000a| titles =The Count of Louvain and Brussels\u000a| noble family =[[House of Reginar]]\u000a| father =[[Lambert II, Count of Louvain]]\u000a| mother =Oda of Verdun\u000a| birth_date = c. 1020\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 1078\u000a| death_place =\u000a|
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+aVInfobox nobility|\u000a| name =Godfrey II\u000a| title =[[Duke of Lower Lorraine]]<br>[[Landgrave of Brabant]]<br>[[Count of Louvain]]<br>[[Count of Brussels]]\u000a| image =Godfrei2.jpg\u000a| spouse =Luitgarde of Sulzbach\u000a| issue =[[Godfrey III, Count of Louvain]] \u000a| titles =The Duke of Lower Lorraine<br>The Landgrave of Brabant<BR>The Count of Louvain and Brussels\u000a| noble family =[[House of Reginar]]\u000a| father =[[Godfrey I, Count of Louvain]]\u000a| mother =Ida of Chiny\u000a| birth_date =c. 1110\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =13 June 1142 (aged 32)\u000a| death_place =\u000a|
+p532
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+ag130
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Eustace II, Count of Boulogne\u000a| image = Bayeux_Tapestry_scene55_Eustach.jpg\u000a| caption = Detail from the [[Bayeux Tapestry]], possible depiction of Eustace II, with moustaches, inscribed in margin above in Latin: ''E...TIUS'', possibly [[List of Latinised names|Latinised]] form of his name\u000a| noble family = [[Count of Boulogne|House of Boulogne]]\u000a| father = [[Eustace I of Boulogne]]\u000a| mother = Matilda of Leuven\u000a| spouse = [[Goda of England]]<br/>[[Ida of Lorraine]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa| 1015\u20131020}}\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{circa| 1087}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a
+p533
+aVInfobox person\u000a| name = Ida of Lorraine\u000a| image =Ida syni.jpg\u000a| image_size =200px \u000a| alt = Ida and the knights\u000a| spouse =[[Eustace II of Boulogne]]\u000a|parents =[[Godfrey III, Duke of Lower Lorraine]]<br />Doda\u000a|children=[[Eustace III]]<br />[[Godfrey of Bouillon]]<br />[[Baldwin I of Jerusalem|Baldwin I]]\u000a|relatives=\u000a
+p534
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Agnes of Poitou\u000a| image = Heinrich III und Agnes Speyer.jpg\u000a| caption = Henry III and Agnes at Mary's throne, Speyer Evangeliary, 1046\u000a| house = [[House of Poitiers]]\u000a| father = [[William V, Duke of Aquitaine]]\u000a| mother = [[Agnes of Burgundy, Duchess of Aquitaine|Agnes of Burgundy]]\u000a| spouse = [[Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa|1025}}\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{death date|1077|12|14|df=y}}\u000a| death_place = [[Rome]]\u000a
+p535
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+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| name=Adelheid\u000a| title = Holy Roman Empress\u000a| imgw = 150<!--DON'T CHANGE PLEASE!! IMAGE HAS LOW RESOLUTION-->\u000a| image = \u000a| reign = 1088\u20131105\u000a| predecessor=[[Bertha of Savoy]]\u000a| successor=[[Empress Matilda]]\u000a| father = [[Vsevolod I of Kiev]]\u000a| mother = Cuman princess\u000a| spouse = [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV]]\u000a| issue = \u000a| birth_date = c. 1070\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date ={{Death date and age|df=yes|1109|7|20|1071|0|0}}\u000a| death_place = [[Kiev]]\u000a
+p536
+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Otto I\u000a| title=[[County of Savoy|Count of Savoy]] and [[Margrave of Turin]]\u000a| image = \u000a| caption = \u000a| succession = Count of Savoy\u000a| reign = 1051 or 1056 \u2013 c.\u20091057\u000a| predecessor = [[Amadeus I of Savoy|Amadeus I]]\u000a| successor = [[Peter I of Savoy|Peter I]]\u000a| spouse = [[Adelaide of Susa]]\u000a| noble family = [[House of Savoy]]\u000a| father = [[Umberto I, Count of Savoy|Humbert I of Savoy]]\u000a| mother = Ancilla of Lenzburg\u000a\u000a| birth_date = between 1010 and 1020\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = {{circa|1057}}\u000a| death_place = \u000a
+p537
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Fulk IV\u000a| title = "le Réchin"\u000a| image = Fulko4Anjou.jpg\u000a| caption =\u000a| succession = [[Count of Anjou]]\u000a| reign = 1068\u20131109\u000a| predecessor = [[Geoffrey III, Count of Anjou|Geoffrey III]]\u000a| successor = [[Fulk of Jerusalem|Fulk V]]\u000a| regent = [[Geoffrey IV, Count of Anjou]] (until 1106)\u000a| reg-type = Joint rule\u000a| spouses = Hildegarde of Baugency<br> m. 1068 \u2013 wid. 1070<br> Ermengarde de Bourbon<br> m. 1070 \u2013 div. ca. 1075<br> Orengarde de Châtellailon<br> m. 1076 \u2013 div. 1080<br> N of Brienne<br> m. 1080 \u2013 div. 1087<br> [[Bertrade de Montfort]]<br> m. 1089 \u2013 div. 1092?\u000a| issue = ''by Hildegarde'':<br> [[Ermengarde of Anjou (d. 1146)|Ermengarde, Duchess of Brittany]]<br> ''by Ermengarde'':<br> [[Geoffrey IV, Count of Anjou]]<br> ''by Bertrade'':<br> [[Fulk of Jerusalem]]\u000a| house = [[Angevins]]\u000a| father = [[Geoffrey II, Count of Gâtinais]]\u000a| mother = [[Ermengarde of Anjou, Duchess of Burgundy|Ermengarde of Anjou]]\u000a| birth_date = 1043\u000a| death_date = 1109\u000a| death_place =\u000a| place of burial =\u000a|
+p538
+aVInfobox royalty|consort= yes\u000a| name = Bertrade de Montfort\u000a|succession= Queen consort of the Franks\u000a| image = Bertrada Filip.jpg\u000a| imgw = 150\u000a| caption =Bertrade with Philip \u000a| reign = 1092\u20131108\u000a| coronation =\u000a| spouse = [[Fulk IV, Count of Anjou]]<br>[[Philip I of France]]\u000a| issue = [[Fulk of Jerusalem]]<br> Philip, Count of Mantes <br> Fleury, Seigneur of Nangis <br> [[Cecile of France|Cecile, Princess of Galilee]]\u000a| house = [[House of Montfort]]\u000a| titles =\u000a| father = [[Simon I de Montfort]]\u000a| mother = Agnes, Countess of Evreux\u000a| birth_date = c. 1070\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date = 14 February {{death year and age|1117|1070}}\u000a| death_place =\u000a|burial_place=\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p539
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| consort = yes\u000a| name = Sibylla of Anjou\u000a| image =File:Bruges basilica Thierry of Flanders.JPG\u000a| title = [[Countess consort of Flanders]]\u000a| spouse = [[William Clito|William ''Clito'']], Count of Flanders<br />m. 1123; ann. 1124<br />[[Thierry, Count of Flanders]]<br />m. 1139; wid. 1165\u000a| issue = [[Philip, Count of Flanders]]<br />[[Matthew of Alsace|Matthew, Count of Boulogne]]<br />[[Margaret I, Countess of Flanders]]<br />[[Gertrude of Flanders, Countess of Savoy|Gertrude, Countess of Savoy]]<br />Matilda, Abbess of Fontevrault<br />Peter, [[Archdiocese of Cambrai|Bishop of Cambrai]]\u000a| house = [[House of Plantagenet|House of Anjou]] ''(by birth)''<br />[[Norman dynasty]] ''(by first marriage)''<br />[[House of Metz]] ''(by second marriage)''\u000a| father = [[Fulk of Jerusalem]]\u000a| mother = [[Ermengarde of Maine]]\u000a| birth_date = [[circa|c.]] 1112\u000a| death_date = 1165 (aged c. 53)\u000a| death_place = [[Abbey]] of Sts. [[Mary of Bethany|Mary]] and [[Martha]], [[Bethany (Biblical village)|Bethany]] (now [[al-Eizariya]], [[West Bank]])\u000a| place of burial = Abbey of St Lazarus\u000a|
+p540
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| title = [[Duchess of Normandy]]\u000a| name = Matilda of Anjou\u000a| image = \u000a| spouse = [[William Adelin]]\u000a| house =\u000a| father = [[Fulk V, Count of Anjou]]\u000a| mother = [[Ermengarde, Countess of Maine]]\u000a| birth_date = c. 1111\u000a| birth_place = [[Anjou]]\u000a| death_date = 1154 \u000a| death_place = [[Fontevraud Abbey]]\u000a|
+p541
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+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name = Melisende\u000a| succession = [[Queen of Jerusalem]]\u000a| image = Melisenda.jpg\u000a| imgw = 120px\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = 1131\u20131153\u000a| coronation =\u000a| regent = [[Fulk, King of Jerusalem|Fulk]]<br />[[Baldwin III of Jerusalem|Baldwin III]]\u000a| reg-type = Co-Sovereign\u000a| predecessor = [[Baldwin II of Jerusalem|Baldwin II]]\u000a| successor = [[Baldwin III of Jerusalem|Baldwin III]]\u000a| spouse = [[Fulk, King of Jerusalem]]\u000a| house = [[House of Rethel]]\u000a| father = [[Baldwin II of Jerusalem]]\u000a| mother = [[Morphia of Melitene]]\u000a| issue = [[Baldwin III of Jerusalem]]<br/> [[Amalric I of Jerusalem]]\u000a| birth_date = 1105\u000a| birth_place = [[Edessa]]\u000a| death_date = 11 September {{death year and age|1161|1105}}\u000a| death_place = [[Jerusalem]]\u000a| burial_date =\u000a| burial_place= Shrine of Our Lady of Josaphat\u000a| religion =[[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p542
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name=Baldwin III\u000a| succession= [[King of Jerusalem]]\u000a| image=Balduin3 big.jpg\u000a| imgw=160px\u000a| reign= 25 December 1143 \u2013 10 February 1163\u000a| date1= 25 December 1143\u000a| date2= 10 February 1163\u000a| coronation= 25 December 1143\u000a| predecessor=[[Melisende of Jerusalem|Melisende]]\u000a| successor=[[Amalric I of Jerusalem|Amalric I]]\u000a| spouse= [[Theodora Komnene]]\u000a| house=\u000a| father= [[Fulk of Jerusalem]]\u000a| mother= [[Melisende of Jerusalem]]\u000a| birth_date= 1130\u000a| birth_place=\u000a| death_date= {{death date and age|1163|2|10|1130|1|1|df=y}}\u000a| death_place= [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]]\u000a| place of burial= [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre]], [[Jerusalem]]\u000a
+p543
+aVInfobox royalty\u000a| name=Amalric\u000a| succession= [[King of Jerusalem]]\u000a| image=Amalrich1.jpg\u000a| imgw=230px\u000a| reign= 1163\u20131174\u000a| date1= 1163\u000a| date2= 1174\u000a| coronation= 1163\u000a| predecessor=[[Baldwin III of Jerusalem|Baldwin III]]\u000a| successor=[[Baldwin IV of Jerusalem|Baldwin IV]]\u000a| spouse= [[Agnes of Courtenay]]<br />[[Maria Komnene, Queen of Jerusalem|Maria Komnene]]\u000a| issue =[[Baldwin IV of Jerusalem]]<br>[[Sibylla of Jerusalem]]<br>[[Isabella I of Jerusalem]]\u000a| house=[[House of Gâtinais-Anjou]]\u000a| father= [[Fulk of Jerusalem]]\u000a| mother= [[Melisende of Jerusalem]]\u000a| birth_date= 1136\u000a| birth_place=\u000a| death_date= {{death date and age|1174|7|11|1136|1|1|df=y}}\u000a| death_place=[[Jerusalem]], [[Kingdom of Jerusalem]], [[Outremer]], [[Levant]]\u000a| place of burial=\u000a
+p544
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+aVInfobox royalty|consort=yes\u000a| succession =[[Counts of Toulouse|Countess of Toulouse]]\u000a| reign =1098-1101 and 1109-1114\u000a| succession1 =[[List of Aquitainian consorts|Duchess consort of Aquitaine]]\u000a| reign1 =c. 1094\u2013c. 1116\u000a| image =\u000a| imgw =\u000a| caption =\u000a| birth_date =c. 1073\u000a| birth_place =\u000a| death_date =28 November 1118 (around aged 45)\u000a| death_place =Abbey of [[Fontevrault]]\u000a| place of burial=\u000a| coronation =\u000a| spouse =[[William IX of Aquitaine]]\u000a| issue =[[William X, Duke of Aquitaine]]<br>[[Raymond of Poitiers|Raymond, Prince of Antioch]]<br>[[Agnes of Aquitaine, Queen of Aragon|Agnes, Queen of Aragon]]\u000a| house =[[House of Rouergue]]<br>[[House of Poitiers]]\u000a| father =[[William IV, Count of Toulouse]]\u000a| mother = Emma of Mortain\u000a|
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+aVInfobox nobility\u000a| name = Aimery I, Viscount of Châtellerault\u000a| image = Blason ville fr Châtellerault (Vienne).svg\u000a| caption = Coat of Arms of Châtellerault\u000a| noble family = Châtellerault\u000a| father = Boson II de Châtellerault\u000a| mother = Aleanor de Thouars\u000a| spouse = [[Dangereuse de l'Isle Bouchard]]\u000a| birth_date = {{circa|1075}}\u000a| birth_place = \u000a| death_date = 7 November 1151\u000a| death_place = Notre-Dame de Noyers monastery, in [[Nouâtre]]\u000a
+p546
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+aVInfobox nobility\u000a|name =Dangereuse de l'Isle Bouchard\u000a|title =Viscountess of Châttellerault\u000a|image =\u000a|caption =Mistress to [[William IX, Duke of Aquitaine]]\u000a|birth_date =1079\u000a|birth_place =\u000a|death_date =1151 \u000a|death_place =\u000a|noble family =L'Isle Bouchard\u000a|more =\u000a|father =[[Bartholomew de L'Isle Bouchard|Bartholomew de l'Isle Bouchard]]\u000a|mother \u000a|spouse =[[Aimery I of Châttellerault]] \u000a|issue ='''With Aimery'''<br> [[Aenor de Châtellerault|Aenor, Duchess of Aquitaine]]<br>Hugh, Viscount of Châttellerault<br>Raoul<br>Amable, Countess of Angoulême<br>Aois<br>'''With William'''<br>Henri, Prior of Cluny<br>Adelaide de Faye<br>Sybille, Abbess of Saintes\u000a|
+p547
+aVInfobox royalty|monarch\u000a|name=Louis VI the Fat\u000a|image=Sceau de Louis VI.jpg\u000a|caption=Seal of Louis VI of France\u000a|succession=[[List of French monarchs|King of the Franks]]\u000a|reign=29 July 1108 \u2013 1 August 1137\u000a|coronation=3 August 1108 in [[Orléans Cathedral]]\u000a|cor-type=france\u000a|full name=\u000a|predecessor=[[Philip I of France|Philip I]]\u000a|successor=[[Louis VII of France|Louis VII]]\u000a|spouse=[[Lucienne de Rochefort]] <br /> [[Adélaide de Maurienne]]\u000a|issue=[[Philip of France (1116-1131)|Philip, King of the Franks]]<br />[[Louis VII of France|Louis VII, King of the Franks]]<br /> [[Henry of France (1121-1175)|Henry, Archbishop of Reims]]<br /> [[Robert I of Dreux|Robert, Count of Dreux]]<br /> [[Constance of France (1124\u20131176)|Constance, Countess of Toulouse]]<br /> [[Philip of France (1125-1161)|Philip, Archdeacon of Paris]]<br /> [[Peter I of Courtenay|Peter, Lord of Courtenay]]\u000a|house=[[House of Capet]]\u000a|father=[[Philip I of France|Philip I, King of the Franks]]\u000a|mother=[[Bertha of Holland]]\u000a|birth_date={{birth date|1081|12|1|df=y}}\u000a|birth_place=Paris, France\u000a|death_date={{death date and age|1137|8|1|1081|12|1|df=y}}\u000a|death_place=[[Béthisy-Saint-Pierre]], France\u000a|place of burial=[[Saint Denis Basilica]], Paris, France\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a|
+p548
+aVInfobox royalty|consort= yes\u000a| name = Adelaide of Maurienne\u000a|succession= Queen consort of the Franks\u000a| image = Adelaidesavojska.jpg\u000a| imgw =150px\u000a| caption =\u000a| reign = 1115\u20131137\u000a| spouse = [[Louis VI of France]]<br>[[Matthieu I of Montmorency]]\u000a| issue = [[Philip of France (1116-1131)|Philip of France]]<br>[[Louis VII of France]]<br>[[Henry of France (1121-1175)|Henry, Archbishop of Reims]]<br>[[Robert I of Dreux]]<br>[[Constance of France (1124\u20131176)|Constance, Countess of Toulouse]]<br>[[Philip of France (1125-1161)|Philip, Bishop of Paris]]<br>[[Peter of Courtenay (d. 1183)|Peter of Courtenay]]\u000a| house = [[House of Savoy]]<br>[[House of Capet]]\u000a| father = [[Humbert II of Savoy]]\u000a| mother = [[Gisela of Burgundy, Countess of Savoy|Gisela of Burgundy]]\u000a| birth_date = 18 November 1092\u000a| birth_place = [[Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne]], France\u000a| death_date = 18 November {{death year and age|1154|1092|df=y}}\u000a| death_place =\u000a|burial_place=Church of St. Pierre, Montmarte\u000a|religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]\u000a
+p549
+a.
\ No newline at end of file
~naath / familyTree.git / blobdiff