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1 | Termux packages |
2 | =============== | |
006983b2 | 3 | [![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/termux/termux](https://badges.gitter.im/termux/termux.svg)](https://gitter.im/termux/termux) |
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5 | This project contains scripts and patches to build packages for the |
6 | [Termux](https://termux.com/) Android application. | |
798619b9 | 7 | |
20730a0d | 8 | Build environment on Ubuntu 16.10 |
88183689 | 9 | ================================= |
711f6358 | 10 | Packages are built using Ubuntu 16.10. Perform the following steps to configure a Ubuntu 16.10 installation: |
1773070c | 11 | |
6dd45156 | 12 | - Run `scripts/setup-ubuntu.sh` to install required packages and setup the `/data/` folder. |
1773070c | 13 | |
6dd45156 | 14 | - Run `scripts/setup-android-sdk.sh` to install the Android SDK and NDK at `$HOME/lib/android-{sdk,ndk}`. |
1773070c | 15 | |
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16 | There is also a [Vagrantfile](scripts/Vagrantfile) available for setting up an Ubuntu environment using a virtual machine on other operating systems. |
17 | ||
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18 | Build environment using Docker |
19 | ============================== | |
20730a0d | 20 | On other Linux distributions than Ubuntu 16.10 (or on other platforms than Linux) the best course |
1a8d12c2 | 21 | of action is to setup a Docker container for building packages by executing: |
1773070c | 22 | |
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23 | ./scripts/run-docker.sh # On Linux and macOS. |
24 | .\scripts\run-docker.ps1 # On Windows. | |
1a8d12c2 | 25 | |
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26 | This will setup a container (from an image created by [scripts/Dockerfile](scripts/Dockerfile)) |
27 | suitable for building packages. | |
5e8045c9 | 28 | |
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29 | This source folder is mounted as the /root/termux-packages data volume, so changes are kept |
30 | in sync between the host and the container when trying things out before committing, and built | |
31 | deb files will be available on the host in the `debs/` directory just as when building on the host. | |
5e8045c9 | 32 | |
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33 | Build commands can be given to be executed in the docker container directly: |
34 | ||
35 | ./scripts/run-docker.sh ./build-package.sh libandroid-support | |
36 | ||
37 | will launch the docker container, execute the `./build-package.sh libandroid-support` | |
38 | command inside it and afterwards return you to the host prompt, with the newly built | |
39 | deb in `debs/` to try out. | |
5e8045c9 | 40 | |
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41 | Building a package |
42 | ================== | |
88183689 | 43 | The basic build operation is to run `./build-package.sh $PKG`, which: |
798619b9 | 44 | |
6dd45156 | 45 | 1. Sets up a patched stand-alone Android NDK toolchain if necessary. |
9ecaa95d | 46 | |
6dd45156 | 47 | 2. Reads `packages/$PKG/build.sh` to find out where to find the source code of the package and how to build it. |
a0057943 | 48 | |
6dd45156 | 49 | 3. Extracts the source in `$HOME/.termux-build/$PKG/src`. |
9ecaa95d | 50 | |
6dd45156 | 51 | 4. Applies all patches in packages/$PKG/\*.patch. |
9ecaa95d | 52 | |
6dd45156 | 53 | 5. Builds the package under `$HOME/.termux-build/$PKG/` (either in the build/ directory there or in the |
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54 | src/ directory if the package is specified to build in the src dir) and installs it to `$PREFIX`. |
55 | ||
6dd45156 | 56 | 6. Extracts modified files in `$PREFIX` into `$HOME/.termux-build/$PKG/massage` and massages the |
a0057943 | 57 | files there for distribution (removes some files, splits it up in sub-packages, modifies elf files). |
9ecaa95d | 58 | |
6dd45156 | 59 | 7. Creates a deb package file for distribution in `debs/`. |
1773070c | 60 | |
6dd45156 | 61 | Reading [build-package.sh](build-package.sh) is the best way to understand what is going on. |
798619b9 | 62 | |
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63 | Additional utilities |
64 | ==================== | |
88183689 | 65 | * build-all.sh: used for building all packages in the correct order (using buildorder.py). |
9ecaa95d | 66 | |
2fe052c8 | 67 | * clean.sh: used for doing a clean rebuild of all packages. |
9ecaa95d | 68 | |
88183689 | 69 | * scripts/check-pie.sh: Used for verifying that all binaries are using PIE, which is required for Android 5+. |
9ecaa95d | 70 | |
88183689 | 71 | * scripts/check-versions.sh: used for checking for package updates. |
9ecaa95d | 72 | |
88183689 | 73 | * scripts/list-packages.sh: used for listing all packages with a one-line summary. |
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74 | |
75 | ||
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76 | Resources |
77 | ========= | |
78 | * [Android changes for NDK developers](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/master/android-changes-for-ndk-developers.md) | |
79 | ||
40dcead0 | 80 | * [Linux From Scratch](http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/) |
798619b9 | 81 | |
88183689 | 82 | * [Beyond Linux From Scratch](http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable/) |
798619b9 | 83 | |
88183689 | 84 | * [OpenWrt](https://openwrt.org/) as an embedded Linx distribution contains [patches and build scripts](https://dev.openwrt.org/browser/packages) |
798619b9 | 85 | |
88183689 | 86 | * [Kivy recipes](https://github.com/kivy/python-for-android/tree/master/pythonforandroid/recipes) contains recipes for building packages for Android. |
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87 | |
88 | ||
89 | Common porting problems | |
90 | ======================= | |
26e75e88 | 91 | * The Android bionic libc does not have iconv and gettext/libintl functionality built in. A `libandroid-support` package contains these and may be used by all packages. |
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92 | |
93 | * "error: z: no archive symbol table (run ranlib)" usually means that the build machines libz is used instead of the one for cross compilation, due to the builder library -L path being setup incorrectly | |
94 | ||
26e75e88 | 95 | * rindex(3) does not exist, but strrchr(3) is preferred anyway. |
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96 | |
97 | * <sys/termios.h> does not exist, but <termios.h> is the standard location. | |
98 | ||
99 | * <sys/fcntl.h> does not exist, but <fcntl.h> is the standard location. | |
100 | ||
26e75e88 | 101 | * <sys/timeb.h> does not exist (removed in POSIX 2008), but ftime(3) can be replaced with gettimeofday(2). |
798619b9 | 102 | |
26e75e88 | 103 | * <glob.h> does not exist, but is available through the `libandroid-glob` package. |
798619b9 | 104 | |
26e75e88 | 105 | * SYSV shared memory is not supported by the kernel. A `libandroid-shmem` package, which emulates SYSV shared memory on top of the [ashmem](http://elinux.org/Android_Kernel_Features#ashmem) shared memory system, is available. Use it with `LDFLAGS+=" -landroid-shmem`. |
798619b9 | 106 | |
26e75e88 | 107 | * SYSV semaphores is not supported by the kernel. Use unnamed POSIX semaphores instead (named semaphores are unimplemented). |
c4804ab8 | 108 | |
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109 | dlopen() and RTLD_* flags |
110 | ================================= | |
29db5b35 | 111 | <dlfcn.h> originally declares |
798619b9 | 112 | |
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113 | enum { RTLD_NOW=0, RTLD_LAZY=1, RTLD_LOCAL=0, RTLD_GLOBAL=2, RTLD_NOLOAD=4}; // 32-bit |
114 | enum { RTLD_NOW=2, RTLD_LAZY=1, RTLD_LOCAL=0, RTLD_GLOBAL=0x00100, RTLD_NOLOAD=4}; // 64-bit | |
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115 | |
116 | These differs from glibc ones in that | |
117 | ||
88183689 | 118 | 1. They are not preprocessor #define:s so cannot be checked for with `#ifdef RTLD_GLOBAL`. Termux patches this to #define values for compatibility with several packages. |
798619b9 | 119 | 2. They differ in value from glibc ones, so cannot be hardcoded in files (DLFCN.py in python does this) |
29db5b35 | 120 | 3. They are missing some values (`RTLD_BINDING_MASK`, `RTLD_NOLOAD`, ...) |
798619b9 | 121 | |
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122 | RPATH, RUNPATH AND LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH |
123 | ==================================== | |
798619b9 | 124 | On desktop linux the linker searches for shared libraries in: |
1ddf1728 | 125 | |
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126 | 1. `RPATH` - a list of directories which is linked into the executable, supported on most UNIX systems. It is ignored if `RUNPATH` is present. |
127 | 2. `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` - an environment variable which holds a list of directories | |
128 | 3. `RUNPATH` - same as `RPATH`, but searched after `LD_LIBRARY_PATH`, supported only on most recent UNIX systems | |
1ddf1728 | 129 | |
1a8d12c2 | 130 | The Android linker, /system/bin/linker, does not support RPATH or RUNPATH, so we set `LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PREFIX/lib` and try to avoid building useless rpath entries (which the linker warns about) with --disable-rpath configure flags. NOTE: Starting from Android 7.0 RUNPATH (but not RPATH) is supported. |
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131 | |
132 | Warnings about unused DT entries | |
133 | ================================ | |
1a8d12c2 | 134 | Starting from 5.1 the Android linker warns about VERNEED (0x6FFFFFFE) and VERNEEDNUM (0x6FFFFFFF) ELF dynamic sections (WARNING: linker: $BINARY: unused DT entry: type 0x6ffffffe/0x6fffffff). These may come from version scripts (`-Wl,--version-script=`). The termux-elf-cleaner utilty is run from build-package.sh and should normally take care of that problem. NOTE: Starting from Android 6.0 symbol versioning is supported. |