Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
69695f33 MW |
1 | |
2 | MUP Overview | |
3 | ||
4 | 1. OVERVIEW OF THE MUP MUSIC PUBLICATION PROGRAM | |
5 | ||
6 | Mup is a shareware program for printing music. It takes an | |
7 | input file containing ordinary (ASCII) text describing | |
8 | music, and produces PostScript output for printing the | |
9 | musical score described by the input. Arkkra Enterprises | |
10 | was established to make Mup readily available at low cost to | |
11 | anyone who would like to use Mup. | |
12 | ||
13 | A Mup input file can contains several kinds of sections or | |
14 | contexts. The description of musical notes is given in the | |
15 | "music" context. There are contexts for defining page | |
16 | headers and footers. There are also several contexts used | |
17 | for setting various parameters. For example, there is a | |
18 | "score" context in which global aspects are listed, such as | |
19 | the number of staffs, the time signature, page margins, etc. | |
20 | It is also possible to set parameters for individual staffs | |
21 | and even individual voices. (Each staff can have up to three | |
22 | independent voices.) Any parameter that can be set for an | |
23 | individual voice can also be set for a staff, and any | |
24 | parameter that can be set for a staff can be set for the | |
25 | score as a whole. The actual value used for a given | |
26 | parameter is obtained by searching from the most specific | |
27 | (i.e., voice), to the most general (i.e., score) until a | |
28 | value is found. All values are given a default at the score | |
29 | level, so that everything will always resolve to some value. | |
30 | Parameters include items such as: | |
31 | ||
32 | - Number of staffs | |
33 | ||
34 | - Number of voices per staff | |
35 | ||
36 | - Time signature | |
37 | ||
38 | - Key signature | |
39 | ||
40 | - Clef | |
41 | ||
42 | - Transposition amount | |
43 | ||
44 | - Whether to use beams or flags on notes of 8th note | |
45 | duration or shorter | |
46 | ||
47 | - Margins | |
48 | ||
49 | - Which staffs to group with braces or brackets, and what | |
50 | labels to use | |
51 | ||
52 | - How tightly to pack output together, both horizontally | |
53 | and vertically. | |
54 | ||
55 | - Whether to print measure numbers | |
56 | ||
57 | Mup can handle up to 40 parallel staffs. Each staff can have | |
58 | a different key signature, clef, and transposition value. | |
59 | Staffs can be 5-line, 1-line, or tablature (1 to 9 lines). | |
60 | It is possible to print a subset of staffs or voices. | |
61 | Guitar grids are supported. | |
62 | ||
63 | Music data is organized into measures. Each measure consists | |
64 | of data for one or more voices followed by a bar line. Data | |
65 | for each voice consists of one or more chords. Each chord | |
66 | consists of a time value and one or more notes, and possibly | |
67 | additional items associated with the chord. To minimize | |
68 | input, an omitted time value defaults to being the same as | |
69 | the previous time value, and if the notes are omitted, the | |
70 | notes of the previous chord are used. There are also two | |
71 | special kinds of "notes": rests and space. Time values from | |
72 | double whole through 256th are supported, as well as | |
73 | tuplets, and any number of dots. Notes are specified by a | |
74 | letter 'a' to 'g', which may be followed by an accidental | |
75 | (#, &, x, &&, or n for sharp, flat, double sharp, double | |
76 | flat, and natural respectively), and an optional octave. The | |
77 | octave can be an absolute number 0 to 9 or one or more + or | |
78 | - signs to indicate one or more octaves above or below the | |
79 | default octave. It is also possible to specify that octave | |
80 | marks are to be printed. | |
81 | ||
82 | Individual notes or entire chords can be tied or slurred to | |
83 | notes in the following chord. Slides, bends, and phrase | |
84 | marks can also be specified. Mup takes care of all details | |
85 | of drawing appropriate curves and splitting the curves | |
86 | across scores or pages if necessary. | |
87 | ||
88 | Grace notes can be specified before any chord. It is also | |
89 | possible to specify that notes are to be printed in "cue" | |
90 | (small) size rather than regular size, or that "X" or | |
91 | diamond shaped notes are to be used. Shaped note used in | |
92 | "Sacred Harp" music are also supported. | |
93 | ||
94 | Each measure ends with a bar line. There are several types | |
95 | of bars: an ordinary bar, a double bar, a heavy bar to end | |
96 | the song, and bars with repeat signs. There is also an | |
97 | "invisible bar" which allows for organizing the input into | |
98 | bars without having the bar lines printed on the output. | |
99 | ||
100 | First and subsequent endings can be specified at bar lines. | |
101 | Rehearsal marks can be requested at any bar line. | |
102 | ||
103 | Macros can be defined to minimize input or improve | |
104 | readability. There is a generalized "if" clause that lets | |
105 | you produce different outputs based on macro values. It is | |
106 | also possible to "include" one file in another. | |
107 | ||
108 | Lyrics can be specified for zero or more verses, above, | |
109 | below or between staffs. You can control the font and size | |
110 | used for the lyrics. | |
111 | ||
112 | Music symbols or words can be placed relative to staffs and | |
113 | notes. This may include musical marks such as fermatas and | |
114 | accents, as well as words to indicate tempo or dynamics, | |
115 | etc. | |
116 | ||
117 | Since both the input and output of Mup are ASCII text files, | |
118 | it is easy to write programs to do various transformations. | |
119 | For example, a program could be written to move voices from | |
120 | one staff to another, or any sort of PostScript filter | |
121 | program could be used on the output. | |
122 | ||
123 | Mup will optionally provide output in standard Musical | |
124 | Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) format, for performance | |
125 | rather than PostScript output for printing. | |
126 | ||
127 | While Mup itself bucks the trend of graphical, mouse-driven | |
128 | input, it has proven to be a very useful and powerful method | |
129 | of capturing the complexities of musical notation, and there | |
130 | is a companion program, called Mupmate, that provides a | |
131 | graphical interface on top of Mup for those who are more | |
132 | comfortable with that kind of interface. The use of ordinary | |
133 | text input and PostScript output make it largely device | |
134 | independent. Mup was designed and written by people who are | |
135 | both musicians and computer programmers. The result is a | |
136 | program that provides the capability to produce full- | |
137 | featured, very high quality musical scores with a minimum of | |
138 | effort. It is available ready-to-run for selected computer | |
139 | operating systems, and source code is also available so that | |
140 | it can be run on most platforms that have a C compiler. You | |
141 | can get a copy of Mup to try out with no obligation, and if | |
142 | you like it, the registration fee is far lower than the | |
143 | price of most music publication software. |