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1 | @c This GPL is meant to be included from other files. |
2 | @c To format a standalone GPL, use license.texi. | |
3 | ||
4 | @center Version 2, June 1991 | |
5 | ||
6 | @display | |
7 | Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | |
8 | 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA | |
9 | ||
10 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies | |
11 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. | |
12 | @end display | |
13 | ||
14 | @unnumberedsec Preamble | |
15 | ||
16 | The licenses for most software are designed to take away your | |
17 | freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public | |
18 | License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free | |
19 | software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This | |
20 | General Public License applies to most of the Free Software | |
21 | Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to | |
22 | using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by | |
23 | the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to | |
24 | your programs, too. | |
25 | ||
26 | When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not | |
27 | price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you | |
28 | have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for | |
29 | this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it | |
30 | if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it | |
31 | in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. | |
32 | ||
33 | To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid | |
34 | anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. | |
35 | These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you | |
36 | distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. | |
37 | ||
38 | For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether | |
39 | gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that | |
40 | you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the | |
41 | source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their | |
42 | rights. | |
43 | ||
44 | We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and | |
45 | (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, | |
46 | distribute and/or modify the software. | |
47 | ||
48 | Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain | |
49 | that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free | |
50 | software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we | |
51 | want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so | |
52 | that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original | |
53 | authors' reputations. | |
54 | ||
55 | Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software | |
56 | patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free | |
57 | program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the | |
58 | program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any | |
59 | patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. | |
60 | ||
61 | The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and | |
62 | modification follow. | |
63 | ||
64 | @iftex | |
65 | @unnumberedsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION | |
66 | @end iftex | |
67 | @ifinfo | |
68 | @center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION | |
69 | @end ifinfo | |
70 | ||
71 | @enumerate 0 | |
72 | @item | |
73 | This License applies to any program or other work which contains | |
74 | a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed | |
75 | under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program'', below, | |
76 | refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program'' | |
77 | means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: | |
78 | that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, | |
79 | either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another | |
80 | language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in | |
81 | the term ``modification''.) Each licensee is addressed as ``you''. | |
82 | ||
83 | Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not | |
84 | covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of | |
85 | running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program | |
86 | is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the | |
87 | Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). | |
88 | Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. | |
89 | ||
90 | @item | |
91 | You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's | |
92 | source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you | |
93 | conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate | |
94 | copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the | |
95 | notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; | |
96 | and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License | |
97 | along with the Program. | |
98 | ||
99 | You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and | |
100 | you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. | |
101 | ||
102 | @item | |
103 | You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion | |
104 | of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and | |
105 | distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 | |
106 | above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: | |
107 | ||
108 | @enumerate a | |
109 | @item | |
110 | You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices | |
111 | stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. | |
112 | ||
113 | @item | |
114 | You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in | |
115 | whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any | |
116 | part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third | |
117 | parties under the terms of this License. | |
118 | ||
119 | @item | |
120 | If the modified program normally reads commands interactively | |
121 | when run, you must cause it, when started running for such | |
122 | interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an | |
123 | announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a | |
124 | notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide | |
125 | a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under | |
126 | these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this | |
127 | License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but | |
128 | does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on | |
129 | the Program is not required to print an announcement.) | |
130 | @end enumerate | |
131 | ||
132 | These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If | |
133 | identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, | |
134 | and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in | |
135 | themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those | |
136 | sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you | |
137 | distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based | |
138 | on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of | |
139 | this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the | |
140 | entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. | |
141 | ||
142 | Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest | |
143 | your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to | |
144 | exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or | |
145 | collective works based on the Program. | |
146 | ||
147 | In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program | |
148 | with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of | |
149 | a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under | |
150 | the scope of this License. | |
151 | ||
152 | @item | |
153 | You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, | |
154 | under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of | |
155 | Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: | |
156 | ||
157 | @enumerate a | |
158 | @item | |
159 | Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable | |
160 | source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections | |
161 | 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, | |
162 | ||
163 | @item | |
164 | Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three | |
165 | years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your | |
166 | cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete | |
167 | machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be | |
168 | distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium | |
169 | customarily used for software interchange; or, | |
170 | ||
171 | @item | |
172 | Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer | |
173 | to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is | |
174 | allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you | |
175 | received the program in object code or executable form with such | |
176 | an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) | |
177 | @end enumerate | |
178 | ||
179 | The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for | |
180 | making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source | |
181 | code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any | |
182 | associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to | |
183 | control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a | |
184 | special exception, the source code distributed need not include | |
185 | anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary | |
186 | form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the | |
187 | operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component | |
188 | itself accompanies the executable. | |
189 | ||
190 | If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering | |
191 | access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent | |
192 | access to copy the source code from the same place counts as | |
193 | distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not | |
194 | compelled to copy the source along with the object code. | |
195 | ||
196 | @item | |
197 | You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program | |
198 | except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt | |
199 | otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is | |
200 | void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. | |
201 | However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under | |
202 | this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such | |
203 | parties remain in full compliance. | |
204 | ||
205 | @item | |
206 | You are not required to accept this License, since you have not | |
207 | signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or | |
208 | distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are | |
209 | prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by | |
210 | modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the | |
211 | Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and | |
212 | all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying | |
213 | the Program or works based on it. | |
214 | ||
215 | @item | |
216 | Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the | |
217 | Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the | |
218 | original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to | |
219 | these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further | |
220 | restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. | |
221 | You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to | |
222 | this License. | |
223 | ||
224 | @item | |
225 | If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent | |
226 | infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), | |
227 | conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or | |
228 | otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not | |
229 | excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot | |
230 | distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this | |
231 | License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you | |
232 | may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent | |
233 | license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by | |
234 | all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then | |
235 | the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to | |
236 | refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. | |
237 | ||
238 | If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under | |
239 | any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to | |
240 | apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other | |
241 | circumstances. | |
242 | ||
243 | It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any | |
244 | patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any | |
245 | such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the | |
246 | integrity of the free software distribution system, which is | |
247 | implemented by public license practices. Many people have made | |
248 | generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed | |
249 | through that system in reliance on consistent application of that | |
250 | system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing | |
251 | to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot | |
252 | impose that choice. | |
253 | ||
254 | This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to | |
255 | be a consequence of the rest of this License. | |
256 | ||
257 | @item | |
258 | If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in | |
259 | certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the | |
260 | original copyright holder who places the Program under this License | |
261 | may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding | |
262 | those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among | |
263 | countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates | |
264 | the limitation as if written in the body of this License. | |
265 | ||
266 | @item | |
267 | The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions | |
268 | of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will | |
269 | be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to | |
270 | address new problems or concerns. | |
271 | ||
272 | Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program | |
273 | specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any | |
274 | later version'', you have the option of following the terms and conditions | |
275 | either of that version or of any later version published by the Free | |
276 | Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of | |
277 | this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software | |
278 | Foundation. | |
279 | ||
280 | @item | |
281 | If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free | |
282 | programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author | |
283 | to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free | |
284 | Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes | |
285 | make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals | |
286 | of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and | |
287 | of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. | |
288 | ||
289 | @center @b{NO WARRANTY} | |
290 | ||
291 | @item | |
292 | BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY | |
293 | FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN | |
294 | OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES | |
295 | PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED | |
296 | OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF | |
297 | MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS | |
298 | TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE | |
299 | PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, | |
300 | REPAIR OR CORRECTION. | |
301 | ||
302 | @item | |
303 | IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING | |
304 | WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR | |
305 | REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, | |
306 | INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING | |
307 | OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED | |
308 | TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY | |
309 | YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER | |
310 | PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE | |
311 | POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. | |
312 | @end enumerate | |
313 | ||
314 | @iftex | |
315 | @heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS | |
316 | @end iftex | |
317 | @ifinfo | |
318 | @center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS | |
319 | @end ifinfo | |
320 | ||
321 | @page | |
322 | @unnumberedsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs | |
323 | ||
324 | If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest | |
325 | possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it | |
326 | free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. | |
327 | ||
328 | To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest | |
329 | to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively | |
330 | convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least | |
331 | the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. | |
332 | ||
333 | @smallexample | |
334 | @var{one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.} | |
335 | Copyright (C) 19@var{yy} @var{name of author} | |
336 | ||
337 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or | |
338 | modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License | |
339 | as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 | |
340 | of the License, or (at your option) any later version. | |
341 | ||
342 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | |
343 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
344 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | |
345 | GNU General Public License for more details. | |
346 | ||
347 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
348 | along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software | |
349 | Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. | |
350 | @end smallexample | |
351 | ||
352 | Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. | |
353 | ||
354 | If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this | |
355 | when it starts in an interactive mode: | |
356 | ||
357 | @smallexample | |
358 | Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19@var{yy} @var{name of author} | |
359 | Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details | |
360 | type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome | |
361 | to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' | |
362 | for details. | |
363 | @end smallexample | |
364 | ||
365 | The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show | |
366 | the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the | |
367 | commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and | |
368 | @samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever | |
369 | suits your program. | |
370 | ||
371 | You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your | |
372 | school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if | |
373 | necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: | |
374 | ||
375 | @example | |
376 | @group | |
377 | Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright | |
378 | interest in the program `Gnomovision' | |
379 | (which makes passes at compilers) written | |
380 | by James Hacker. | |
381 | ||
382 | @var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989 | |
383 | Ty Coon, President of Vice | |
384 | @end group | |
385 | @end example | |
386 | ||
387 | This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into | |
388 | proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may | |
389 | consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the | |
390 | library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General | |
391 | Public License instead of this License. |