chiark / gitweb /
bus: synthesize timeout message errors instead of returning error codes
[elogind.git] / src / libsystemd-bus / sd-bus.c
index 9b9281dde327717fd21298c5cab74b4299234c43..7b937d999973a74d7c673e8f4abe77295d7e9b8e 100644 (file)
 #include "macro.h"
 #include "strv.h"
 #include "set.h"
+#include "missing.h"
 
 #include "sd-bus.h"
 #include "bus-internal.h"
 #include "bus-message.h"
 #include "bus-type.h"
 #include "bus-socket.h"
+#include "bus-kernel.h"
 #include "bus-control.h"
 
 static int bus_poll(sd_bus *bus, bool need_more, uint64_t timeout_usec);
@@ -48,13 +50,13 @@ static void bus_free(sd_bus *b) {
 
         assert(b);
 
-        if (b->fd >= 0)
-                close_nointr_nofail(b->fd);
+        sd_bus_close(b);
 
         free(b->rbuffer);
         free(b->unique_name);
         free(b->auth_buffer);
         free(b->address);
+        free(b->kernel);
 
         free(b->exec_path);
         strv_free(b->exec_argv);
@@ -84,9 +86,10 @@ static void bus_free(sd_bus *b) {
         }
 
         hashmap_free(b->object_callbacks);
-
         bus_match_free(&b->match_callbacks);
 
+        bus_kernel_flush_memfd(b);
+
         free(b);
 }
 
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ int sd_bus_new(sd_bus **ret) {
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
         r->n_ref = 1;
-        r->fd = -1;
+        r->input_fd = r->output_fd = -1;
         r->message_version = 1;
         r->negotiate_fds = true;
 
@@ -137,15 +140,18 @@ int sd_bus_set_address(sd_bus *bus, const char *address) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_set_fd(sd_bus *bus, int fd) {
+int sd_bus_set_fd(sd_bus *bus, int input_fd, int output_fd) {
         if (!bus)
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (bus->state != BUS_UNSET)
                 return -EPERM;
-        if (fd < 0)
+        if (input_fd < 0)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        if (output_fd < 0)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        bus->fd = fd;
+        bus->input_fd = input_fd;
+        bus->output_fd = output_fd;
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -200,16 +206,16 @@ int sd_bus_set_negotiate_fds(sd_bus *bus, int b) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-int sd_bus_set_server(sd_bus *bus, int b, sd_id128_t server) {
+int sd_bus_set_server(sd_bus *bus, int b, sd_id128_t server_id) {
         if (!bus)
                 return -EINVAL;
-        if (!b && !sd_id128_equal(server, SD_ID128_NULL))
+        if (!b && !sd_id128_equal(server_id, SD_ID128_NULL))
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (bus->state != BUS_UNSET)
                 return -EPERM;
 
         bus->is_server = !!b;
-        bus->peer = server;
+        bus->server_id = server_id;
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -223,18 +229,18 @@ int sd_bus_set_anonymous(sd_bus *bus, int b) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-static int hello_callback(sd_bus *bus, int error, sd_bus_message *reply, void *userdata) {
+static int hello_callback(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *reply, void *userdata) {
         const char *s;
         int r;
 
         assert(bus);
         assert(bus->state == BUS_HELLO);
-
-        if (error != 0)
-                return -error;
-
         assert(reply);
 
+        r = bus_message_to_errno(reply);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "s", &s);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
@@ -257,7 +263,7 @@ static int bus_send_hello(sd_bus *bus) {
 
         assert(bus);
 
-        if (!bus->bus_client)
+        if (!bus->bus_client || bus->is_kernel)
                 return 0;
 
         r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
@@ -276,7 +282,7 @@ static int bus_send_hello(sd_bus *bus) {
 int bus_start_running(sd_bus *bus) {
         assert(bus);
 
-        if (bus->bus_client) {
+        if (bus->bus_client && !bus->is_kernel) {
                 bus->state = BUS_HELLO;
                 return 1;
         }
@@ -434,8 +440,11 @@ static int parse_unix_address(sd_bus *b, const char **p, char **guid) {
 
 static int parse_tcp_address(sd_bus *b, const char **p, char **guid) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *host = NULL, *port = NULL, *family = NULL;
-        struct addrinfo hints, *result;
         int r;
+        struct addrinfo *result, hints = {
+                .ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM,
+                .ai_flags = AI_ADDRCONFIG,
+        };
 
         assert(b);
         assert(p);
@@ -473,10 +482,6 @@ static int parse_tcp_address(sd_bus *b, const char **p, char **guid) {
         if (!host || !port)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        zero(hints);
-        hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
-        hints.ai_flags = AI_ADDRCONFIG;
-
         if (family) {
                 if (streq(family, "ipv4"))
                         hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
@@ -595,6 +600,41 @@ fail:
         return r;
 }
 
+static int parse_kernel_address(sd_bus *b, const char **p, char **guid) {
+        _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(b);
+        assert(p);
+        assert(*p);
+        assert(guid);
+
+        while (**p != 0 && **p != ';') {
+                r = parse_address_key(p, "guid", guid);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                else if (r > 0)
+                        continue;
+
+                r = parse_address_key(p, "path", &path);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                else if (r > 0)
+                        continue;
+
+                skip_address_key(p);
+        }
+
+        if (!path)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        free(b->kernel);
+        b->kernel = path;
+        path = NULL;
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static void bus_reset_parsed_address(sd_bus *b) {
         assert(b);
 
@@ -604,7 +644,9 @@ static void bus_reset_parsed_address(sd_bus *b) {
         free(b->exec_path);
         b->exec_path = NULL;
         b->exec_argv = NULL;
-        b->peer = SD_ID128_NULL;
+        b->server_id = SD_ID128_NULL;
+        free(b->kernel);
+        b->kernel = NULL;
 }
 
 static int bus_parse_next_address(sd_bus *b) {
@@ -656,6 +698,14 @@ static int bus_parse_next_address(sd_bus *b) {
 
                         break;
 
+                } else if (startswith(a, "kernel:")) {
+
+                        a += 7;
+                        r = parse_kernel_address(b, &a, &guid);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        break;
                 }
 
                 a = strchr(a, ';');
@@ -664,7 +714,7 @@ static int bus_parse_next_address(sd_bus *b) {
         }
 
         if (guid) {
-                r = sd_id128_from_string(guid, &b->peer);
+                r = sd_id128_from_string(guid, &b->server_id);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
         }
@@ -679,10 +729,7 @@ static int bus_start_address(sd_bus *b) {
         assert(b);
 
         for (;;) {
-                if (b->fd >= 0) {
-                        close_nointr_nofail(b->fd);
-                        b->fd = -1;
-                }
+                sd_bus_close(b);
 
                 if (b->sockaddr.sa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC) {
 
@@ -698,6 +745,13 @@ static int bus_start_address(sd_bus *b) {
                         if (r >= 0)
                                 return r;
 
+                        b->last_connect_error = -r;
+                } else if (b->kernel) {
+
+                        r = bus_kernel_connect(b);
+                        if (r >= 0)
+                                return r;
+
                         b->last_connect_error = -r;
                 }
 
@@ -717,19 +771,38 @@ int bus_next_address(sd_bus *b) {
 }
 
 static int bus_start_fd(sd_bus *b) {
+        struct stat st;
         int r;
 
         assert(b);
+        assert(b->input_fd >= 0);
+        assert(b->output_fd >= 0);
 
-        r = fd_nonblock(b->fd, true);
+        r = fd_nonblock(b->input_fd, true);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = fd_cloexec(b->fd, true);
+        r = fd_cloexec(b->input_fd, true);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        return bus_socket_take_fd(b);
+        if (b->input_fd != b->output_fd) {
+                r = fd_nonblock(b->output_fd, true);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                r = fd_cloexec(b->output_fd, true);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+        }
+
+        if (fstat(b->input_fd, &st) < 0)
+                return -errno;
+
+        if (S_ISCHR(b->input_fd))
+                return bus_kernel_take_fd(b);
+        else
+                return bus_socket_take_fd(b);
 }
 
 int sd_bus_start(sd_bus *bus) {
@@ -745,9 +818,9 @@ int sd_bus_start(sd_bus *bus) {
         if (bus->is_server && bus->bus_client)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        if (bus->fd >= 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd >= 0)
                 r = bus_start_fd(bus);
-        else if (bus->address || bus->sockaddr.sa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC || bus->exec_path)
+        else if (bus->address || bus->sockaddr.sa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC || bus->exec_path || bus->kernel)
                 r = bus_start_address(bus);
         else
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -770,7 +843,7 @@ int sd_bus_open_system(sd_bus **ret) {
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        e = getenv("DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS");
+        e = secure_getenv("DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS");
         if (e) {
                 r = sd_bus_set_address(b, e);
                 if (r < 0)
@@ -808,13 +881,13 @@ int sd_bus_open_user(sd_bus **ret) {
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        e = getenv("DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS");
+        e = secure_getenv("DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS");
         if (e) {
                 r = sd_bus_set_address(b, e);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         } else {
-                e = getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
+                e = secure_getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR");
                 if (!e) {
                         r = -ENOENT;
                         goto fail;
@@ -848,11 +921,13 @@ fail:
 void sd_bus_close(sd_bus *bus) {
         if (!bus)
                 return;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
-                return;
 
-        close_nointr_nofail(bus->fd);
-        bus->fd = -1;
+        if (bus->input_fd >= 0)
+                close_nointr_nofail(bus->input_fd);
+        if (bus->output_fd >= 0 && bus->output_fd != bus->input_fd)
+                close_nointr_nofail(bus->output_fd);
+
+        bus->input_fd = bus->output_fd = -1;
 }
 
 sd_bus *sd_bus_ref(sd_bus *bus) {
@@ -882,7 +957,7 @@ int sd_bus_is_open(sd_bus *bus) {
         if (!bus)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        return bus->state != BUS_UNSET && bus->fd >= 0;
+        return bus->state != BUS_UNSET && bus->input_fd >= 0;
 }
 
 int sd_bus_can_send(sd_bus *bus, char type) {
@@ -890,7 +965,7 @@ int sd_bus_can_send(sd_bus *bus, char type) {
 
         if (!bus)
                 return -EINVAL;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->output_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
 
         if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD) {
@@ -907,19 +982,19 @@ int sd_bus_can_send(sd_bus *bus, char type) {
         return bus_type_is_valid(type);
 }
 
-int sd_bus_get_peer(sd_bus *bus, sd_id128_t *peer) {
+int sd_bus_get_server_id(sd_bus *bus, sd_id128_t *server_id) {
         int r;
 
         if (!bus)
                 return -EINVAL;
-        if (!peer)
+        if (!server_id)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
         r = bus_ensure_running(bus);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        *peer = bus->peer;
+        *server_id = bus->server_id;
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -941,19 +1016,23 @@ static int dispatch_wqueue(sd_bus *bus) {
         assert(bus);
         assert(bus->state == BUS_RUNNING || bus->state == BUS_HELLO);
 
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->output_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
 
         while (bus->wqueue_size > 0) {
 
-                r = bus_socket_write_message(bus, bus->wqueue[0], &bus->windex);
+                if (bus->is_kernel)
+                        r = bus_kernel_write_message(bus, bus->wqueue[0]);
+                else
+                        r = bus_socket_write_message(bus, bus->wqueue[0], &bus->windex);
+
                 if (r < 0) {
                         sd_bus_close(bus);
                         return r;
                 } else if (r == 0)
                         /* Didn't do anything this time */
                         return ret;
-                else if (bus->windex >= bus->wqueue[0]->size) {
+                else if (bus->is_kernel || bus->windex >= BUS_MESSAGE_SIZE(bus->wqueue[0])) {
                         /* Fully written. Let's drop the entry from
                          * the queue.
                          *
@@ -984,7 +1063,7 @@ static int dispatch_rqueue(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m) {
         assert(m);
         assert(bus->state == BUS_RUNNING || bus->state == BUS_HELLO);
 
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
 
         if (bus->rqueue_size > 0) {
@@ -998,7 +1077,11 @@ static int dispatch_rqueue(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m) {
 
         /* Try to read a new message */
         do {
-                r = bus_socket_read_message(bus, &z);
+                if (bus->is_kernel)
+                        r = bus_kernel_read_message(bus, &z);
+                else
+                        r = bus_socket_read_message(bus, &z);
+
                 if (r < 0) {
                         sd_bus_close(bus);
                         return r;
@@ -1020,7 +1103,7 @@ int sd_bus_send(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *serial) {
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->output_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
         if (!m)
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -1050,11 +1133,15 @@ int sd_bus_send(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *serial) {
         if ((bus->state == BUS_RUNNING || bus->state == BUS_HELLO) && bus->wqueue_size <= 0) {
                 size_t idx = 0;
 
-                r = bus_socket_write_message(bus, m, &idx);
+                if (bus->is_kernel)
+                        r = bus_kernel_write_message(bus, m);
+                else
+                        r = bus_socket_write_message(bus, m, &idx);
+
                 if (r < 0) {
                         sd_bus_close(bus);
                         return r;
-                } else if (idx < m->size)  {
+                } else if (!bus->is_kernel && idx < BUS_MESSAGE_SIZE(m))  {
                         /* Wasn't fully written. So let's remember how
                          * much was written. Note that the first entry
                          * of the wqueue array is always allocated so
@@ -1129,7 +1216,7 @@ int sd_bus_send_with_reply(
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->output_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
         if (!m)
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -1154,7 +1241,7 @@ int sd_bus_send_with_reply(
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        c = new(struct reply_callback, 1);
+        c = new0(struct reply_callback, 1);
         if (!c)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -1211,7 +1298,7 @@ int bus_ensure_running(sd_bus *bus) {
 
         assert(bus);
 
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
         if (bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
@@ -1248,7 +1335,7 @@ int sd_bus_send_with_reply_and_block(
 
         if (!bus)
                 return -EINVAL;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->output_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
         if (bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
@@ -1292,7 +1379,10 @@ int sd_bus_send_with_reply_and_block(
                         room = true;
                 }
 
-                r = bus_socket_read_message(bus, &incoming);
+                if (bus->is_kernel)
+                        r = bus_kernel_read_message(bus, &incoming);
+                else
+                        r = bus_socket_read_message(bus, &incoming);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
                 if (incoming) {
@@ -1301,7 +1391,12 @@ int sd_bus_send_with_reply_and_block(
                                 /* Found a match! */
 
                                 if (incoming->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_RETURN) {
-                                        *reply = incoming;
+
+                                        if (reply)
+                                                *reply = incoming;
+                                        else
+                                                sd_bus_message_unref(incoming);
+
                                         return 0;
                                 }
 
@@ -1358,11 +1453,12 @@ int sd_bus_send_with_reply_and_block(
 int sd_bus_get_fd(sd_bus *bus) {
         if (!bus)
                 return -EINVAL;
-
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
+        if (bus->input_fd != bus->output_fd)
+                return -EPERM;
 
-        return bus->fd;
+        return bus->input_fd;
 }
 
 int sd_bus_get_events(sd_bus *bus) {
@@ -1372,7 +1468,7 @@ int sd_bus_get_events(sd_bus *bus) {
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
 
         if (bus->state == BUS_OPENING)
@@ -1403,7 +1499,7 @@ int sd_bus_get_timeout(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t *timeout_usec) {
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
 
         if (bus->state == BUS_AUTHENTICATING) {
@@ -1411,18 +1507,23 @@ int sd_bus_get_timeout(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t *timeout_usec) {
                 return 1;
         }
 
-        if (bus->state != BUS_RUNNING && bus->state != BUS_HELLO)
+        if (bus->state != BUS_RUNNING && bus->state != BUS_HELLO) {
+                *timeout_usec = (uint64_t) -1;
                 return 0;
+        }
 
         c = prioq_peek(bus->reply_callbacks_prioq);
-        if (!c)
+        if (!c) {
+                *timeout_usec = (uint64_t) -1;
                 return 0;
+        }
 
         *timeout_usec = c->timeout;
         return 1;
 }
 
 static int process_timeout(sd_bus *bus) {
+        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message* m = NULL;
         struct reply_callback *c;
         usec_t n;
         int r;
@@ -1437,10 +1538,18 @@ static int process_timeout(sd_bus *bus) {
         if (c->timeout > n)
                 return 0;
 
+        r = bus_message_new_synthetic_error(
+                        bus,
+                        c->serial,
+                        &SD_BUS_ERROR_MAKE("org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Timeout", "Timed out"),
+                        &m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         assert_se(prioq_pop(bus->reply_callbacks_prioq) == c);
         hashmap_remove(bus->reply_callbacks, &c->serial);
 
-        r = c->callback(bus, ETIMEDOUT, NULL, c->userdata);
+        r = c->callback(bus, m, c->userdata);
         free(c);
 
         return r < 0 ? r : 1;
@@ -1486,7 +1595,11 @@ static int process_reply(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
         if (c->timeout != 0)
                 prioq_remove(bus->reply_callbacks_prioq, c, &c->prioq_idx);
 
-        r = c->callback(bus, 0, m, c->userdata);
+        r = sd_bus_message_rewind(m, true);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        r = c->callback(bus, m, c->userdata);
         free(c);
 
         return r;
@@ -1499,20 +1612,51 @@ static int process_filter(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
         assert(bus);
         assert(m);
 
-        LIST_FOREACH(callbacks, l, bus->filter_callbacks) {
-                r = l->callback(bus, 0, m, l->userdata);
-                if (r != 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
+        do {
+                bus->filter_callbacks_modified = false;
+
+                LIST_FOREACH(callbacks, l, bus->filter_callbacks) {
+
+                        if (bus->filter_callbacks_modified)
+                                break;
+
+                        /* Don't run this more than once per iteration */
+                        if (l->last_iteration == bus->iteration_counter)
+                                continue;
+
+                        l->last_iteration = bus->iteration_counter;
+
+                        r = sd_bus_message_rewind(m, true);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        r = l->callback(bus, m, l->userdata);
+                        if (r != 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                }
+
+        } while (bus->filter_callbacks_modified);
 
         return 0;
 }
 
 static int process_match(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
+        int r;
+
         assert(bus);
         assert(m);
 
-        return bus_match_run(bus, &bus->match_callbacks, 0, m);
+        do {
+                bus->match_callbacks_modified = false;
+
+                r = bus_match_run(bus, &bus->match_callbacks, m);
+                if (r != 0)
+                        return r;
+
+        } while (bus->match_callbacks_modified);
+
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static int process_builtin(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
@@ -1547,7 +1691,7 @@ static int process_builtin(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
 
                 r = sd_bus_message_append(reply, "s", sd_id128_to_string(id, sid));
         } else {
-                _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_INIT;
+                _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
 
                 sd_bus_error_set(&error,
                                  "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownMethod",
@@ -1567,12 +1711,12 @@ static int process_builtin(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
 }
 
 static int process_object(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
-        _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_INIT;
+        _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
         _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
         struct object_callback *c;
-        char *p;
         int r;
         bool found = false;
+        size_t pl;
 
         assert(bus);
         assert(m);
@@ -1583,35 +1727,61 @@ static int process_object(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
         if (hashmap_isempty(bus->object_callbacks))
                 return 0;
 
-        c = hashmap_get(bus->object_callbacks, m->path);
-        if (c) {
-                r = c->callback(bus, 0, m, c->userdata);
-                if (r != 0)
-                        return r;
+        pl = strlen(m->path);
 
-                found = true;
-        }
+        do {
+                char p[pl+1];
 
-        /* Look for fallback prefixes */
-        p = strdupa(m->path);
-        for (;;) {
-                char *e;
+                bus->object_callbacks_modified = false;
 
-                e = strrchr(p, '/');
-                if (e == p || !e)
-                        break;
+                c = hashmap_get(bus->object_callbacks, m->path);
+                if (c && c->last_iteration != bus->iteration_counter) {
 
-                *e = 0;
+                        c->last_iteration = bus->iteration_counter;
 
-                c = hashmap_get(bus->object_callbacks, p);
-                if (c && c->is_fallback) {
-                        r = c->callback(bus, 0, m, c->userdata);
+                        r = sd_bus_message_rewind(m, true);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        r = c->callback(bus, m, c->userdata);
                         if (r != 0)
                                 return r;
 
                         found = true;
                 }
-        }
+
+                /* Look for fallback prefixes */
+                strcpy(p, m->path);
+                for (;;) {
+                        char *e;
+
+                        if (bus->object_callbacks_modified)
+                                break;
+
+                        e = strrchr(p, '/');
+                        if (e == p || !e)
+                                break;
+
+                        *e = 0;
+
+                        c = hashmap_get(bus->object_callbacks, p);
+                        if (c && c->last_iteration != bus->iteration_counter && c->is_fallback) {
+
+                                c->last_iteration = bus->iteration_counter;
+
+                                r = sd_bus_message_rewind(m, true);
+                                if (r < 0)
+                                        return r;
+
+                                r = c->callback(bus, m, c->userdata);
+                                if (r != 0)
+                                        return r;
+
+                                found = true;
+                        }
+                }
+
+        } while (bus->object_callbacks_modified);
 
         /* We found some handlers but none wanted to take this, then
          * return this -- with one exception, we can handle
@@ -1681,13 +1851,9 @@ static int process_introspect(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
                 if (p)
                         *p = 0;
 
-                r = set_put(s, a);
-                if (r < 0) {
-                        free(a);
-
-                        if (r != -EEXIST)
-                                return r;
-                }
+                r = set_consume(s, a);
+                if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST)
+                        return r;
         }
 
         f = open_memstream(&introspection, &size);
@@ -1732,6 +1898,8 @@ static int process_message(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m) {
         assert(bus);
         assert(m);
 
+        bus->iteration_counter++;
+
         r = process_hello(bus, m);
         if (r != 0)
                 return r;
@@ -1785,6 +1953,10 @@ static int process_running(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **ret) {
                 goto null_message;
 
         if (ret) {
+                r = sd_bus_message_rewind(m, true);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
                 *ret = m;
                 m = NULL;
                 return 1;
@@ -1792,7 +1964,7 @@ static int process_running(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **ret) {
 
         if (m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL) {
                 _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
-                _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_INIT;
+                _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
 
                 sd_bus_error_set(&error, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnknownObject", "Unknown object '%s'.", m->path);
 
@@ -1824,9 +1996,13 @@ int sd_bus_process(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **ret) {
 
         if (!bus)
                 return -EINVAL;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
 
+        /* We don't allow recursively invoking sd_bus_process(). */
+        if (bus->processing)
+                return -EBUSY;
+
         switch (bus->state) {
 
         case BUS_UNSET:
@@ -1852,21 +2028,25 @@ int sd_bus_process(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **ret) {
         case BUS_RUNNING:
         case BUS_HELLO:
 
-                return process_running(bus, ret);
+                bus->processing = true;
+                r = process_running(bus, ret);
+                bus->processing = false;
+
+                return r;
         }
 
         assert_not_reached("Unknown state");
 }
 
 static int bus_poll(sd_bus *bus, bool need_more, uint64_t timeout_usec) {
-        struct pollfd p;
-        int r, e;
+        struct pollfd p[2] = {};
+        int r, e, n;
         struct timespec ts;
         usec_t until, m;
 
         assert(bus);
 
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
 
         e = sd_bus_get_events(bus);
@@ -1882,19 +2062,26 @@ static int bus_poll(sd_bus *bus, bool need_more, uint64_t timeout_usec) {
         if (r == 0)
                 m = (uint64_t) -1;
         else {
-                usec_t n;
-                n = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
-                m = until > n ? until - n : 0;
+                usec_t nw;
+                nw = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+                m = until > nw ? until - nw : 0;
         }
 
         if (timeout_usec != (uint64_t) -1 && (m == (uint64_t) -1 || timeout_usec < m))
                 m = timeout_usec;
 
-        zero(p);
-        p.fd = bus->fd;
-        p.events = e;
+        p[0].fd = bus->input_fd;
+        if (bus->output_fd == bus->input_fd) {
+                p[0].events = e;
+                n = 1;
+        } else {
+                p[0].events = e & POLLIN;
+                p[1].fd = bus->output_fd;
+                p[1].events = e & POLLOUT;
+                n = 2;
+        }
 
-        r = ppoll(&p, 1, m == (uint64_t) -1 ? NULL : timespec_store(&ts, m), NULL);
+        r = ppoll(p, n, m == (uint64_t) -1 ? NULL : timespec_store(&ts, m), NULL);
         if (r < 0)
                 return -errno;
 
@@ -1907,7 +2094,7 @@ int sd_bus_wait(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t timeout_usec) {
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->input_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
         if (bus->rqueue_size > 0)
                 return 0;
@@ -1922,7 +2109,7 @@ int sd_bus_flush(sd_bus *bus) {
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (bus->state == BUS_UNSET)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
-        if (bus->fd < 0)
+        if (bus->output_fd < 0)
                 return -ENOTCONN;
 
         r = bus_ensure_running(bus);
@@ -1954,12 +2141,13 @@ int sd_bus_add_filter(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *user
         if (!callback)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        f = new(struct filter_callback, 1);
+        f = new0(struct filter_callback, 1);
         if (!f)
                 return -ENOMEM;
         f->callback = callback;
         f->userdata = userdata;
 
+        bus->filter_callbacks_modified = true;
         LIST_PREPEND(struct filter_callback, callbacks, bus->filter_callbacks, f);
         return 0;
 }
@@ -1974,6 +2162,7 @@ int sd_bus_remove_filter(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *u
 
         LIST_FOREACH(callbacks, f, bus->filter_callbacks) {
                 if (f->callback == callback && f->userdata == userdata) {
+                        bus->filter_callbacks_modified = true;
                         LIST_REMOVE(struct filter_callback, callbacks, bus->filter_callbacks, f);
                         free(f);
                         return 1;
@@ -2004,7 +2193,7 @@ static int bus_add_object(
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        c = new(struct object_callback, 1);
+        c = new0(struct object_callback, 1);
         if (!c)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -2018,6 +2207,7 @@ static int bus_add_object(
         c->userdata = userdata;
         c->is_fallback = fallback;
 
+        bus->object_callbacks_modified = true;
         r = hashmap_put(bus->object_callbacks, c->path, c);
         if (r < 0) {
                 free(c->path);
@@ -2051,6 +2241,7 @@ static int bus_remove_object(
         if (c->callback != callback || c->userdata != userdata || c->is_fallback != fallback)
                 return 0;
 
+        bus->object_callbacks_modified = true;
         assert_se(c == hashmap_remove(bus->object_callbacks, c->path));
 
         free(c->path);
@@ -2090,6 +2281,7 @@ int sd_bus_add_match(sd_bus *bus, const char *match, sd_bus_message_handler_t ca
         }
 
         if (callback) {
+                bus->match_callbacks_modified = true;
                 r = bus_match_add(&bus->match_callbacks, match, callback, userdata, NULL);
                 if (r < 0) {
 
@@ -2112,10 +2304,132 @@ int sd_bus_remove_match(sd_bus *bus, const char *match, sd_bus_message_handler_t
         if (bus->bus_client)
                 r = bus_remove_match_internal(bus, match);
 
-        if (callback)
+        if (callback) {
+                bus->match_callbacks_modified = true;
                 q = bus_match_remove(&bus->match_callbacks, match, callback, userdata);
+        }
 
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
         return q;
 }
+
+int sd_bus_emit_signal(
+                sd_bus *bus,
+                const char *path,
+                const char *interface,
+                const char *member,
+                const char *types, ...) {
+
+        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
+        va_list ap;
+        int r;
+
+        if (!bus)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        r = sd_bus_message_new_signal(bus, path, interface, member, &m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        va_start(ap, types);
+        r = bus_message_append_ap(m, types, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        return sd_bus_send(bus, m, NULL);
+}
+
+int sd_bus_call_method(
+                sd_bus *bus,
+                const char *destination,
+                const char *path,
+                const char *interface,
+                const char *member,
+                sd_bus_error *error,
+                sd_bus_message **reply,
+                const char *types, ...) {
+
+        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
+        va_list ap;
+        int r;
+
+        if (!bus)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        r = sd_bus_message_new_method_call(bus, destination, path, interface, member, &m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        va_start(ap, types);
+        r = bus_message_append_ap(m, types, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        return sd_bus_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, 0, error, reply);
+}
+
+int sd_bus_reply_method_return(
+                sd_bus *bus,
+                sd_bus_message *call,
+                const char *types, ...) {
+
+        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
+        va_list ap;
+        int r;
+
+        if (!bus)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        if (!call)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        if (!call->sealed)
+                return -EPERM;
+        if (call->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        if (call->header->flags & SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED)
+                return 0;
+
+        r = sd_bus_message_new_method_return(bus, call, &m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        va_start(ap, types);
+        r = bus_message_append_ap(m, types, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        return sd_bus_send(bus, m, NULL);
+}
+
+int sd_bus_reply_method_error(
+                sd_bus *bus,
+                sd_bus_message *call,
+                const sd_bus_error *e) {
+
+        _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
+        int r;
+
+        if (!bus)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        if (!call)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        if (!call->sealed)
+                return -EPERM;
+        if (call->header->type != SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_METHOD_CALL)
+                return -EINVAL;
+        if (!sd_bus_error_is_set(e))
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        if (call->header->flags & SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED)
+                return 0;
+
+        r = sd_bus_message_new_method_error(bus, call, e, &m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        return sd_bus_send(bus, m, NULL);
+}