chiark / gitweb /
libsystemd-bus: use assert_return
[elogind.git] / src / libsystemd-bus / bus-message.c
index 666307cc6e652ba42abe7220d62a9623e8deb6cf..5e355127b0cb119f460738c1c9c346a5a3114b97 100644 (file)
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "bus-internal.h"
 #include "bus-type.h"
 #include "bus-signature.h"
+#include "bus-gvariant.h"
 
 static int message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p, const void **stored);
 
@@ -104,8 +105,10 @@ static void message_reset_containers(sd_bus_message *m) {
 
         assert(m);
 
-        for (i = 0; i < m->n_containers; i++)
+        for (i = 0; i < m->n_containers; i++) {
                 free(m->containers[i].signature);
+                free(m->containers[i].offsets);
+        }
 
         free(m->containers);
         m->containers = NULL;
@@ -129,7 +132,7 @@ static void message_free(sd_bus_message *m) {
                 uint64_t off;
 
                 off = (uint8_t *)m->kdbus - (uint8_t *)m->bus->kdbus_buffer;
-                ioctl(m->bus->input_fd, KDBUS_CMD_MSG_RELEASE, &off);
+                ioctl(m->bus->input_fd, KDBUS_CMD_FREE, &off);
         }
 
         if (m->bus)
@@ -143,27 +146,22 @@ static void message_free(sd_bus_message *m) {
         if (m->iovec != m->iovec_fixed)
                 free(m->iovec);
 
-        free(m->cmdline_array);
-
         message_reset_containers(m);
         free(m->root_container.signature);
+        free(m->root_container.offsets);
 
         free(m->peeked_signature);
 
-        free(m->unit);
-        free(m->user_unit);
-        free(m->session);
+        bus_creds_done(&m->creds);
         free(m);
 }
 
-static void *message_extend_fields(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz) {
+static void *message_extend_fields(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz, bool add_offset) {
         void *op, *np;
         size_t old_size, new_size, start;
 
         assert(m);
-
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return NULL;
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, NULL);
 
         old_size = sizeof(struct bus_header) + m->header->fields_size;
         start = ALIGN_TO(old_size, align);
@@ -209,6 +207,13 @@ static void *message_extend_fields(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz) {
 
         m->free_header = true;
 
+        if (add_offset) {
+                if (m->n_header_offsets >= ELEMENTSOF(m->header_offsets))
+                        goto poison;
+
+                m->header_offsets[m->n_header_offsets++] = new_size - sizeof(struct bus_header);
+        }
+
         return (uint8_t*) np + start;
 
 poison:
@@ -228,25 +233,48 @@ static int message_append_field_string(
 
         assert(m);
 
+        /* dbus1 doesn't allow strings over 32bit, let's enforce this
+         * globally, to not risk convertability */
         l = strlen(s);
         if (l > (size_t) (uint32_t) -1)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        /* field id byte + signature length + signature 's' + NUL + string length + string + NUL */
-        p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 4 + l + 1);
-        if (!p)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        /* Signature "(yv)" where the variant contains "s" */
+
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
 
-        p[0] = h;
-        p[1] = 1;
-        p[2] = type;
-        p[3] = 0;
+                /* (field id byte + 7x padding, ((string + NUL) + NUL + signature string 's') */
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 1 + 7 + l + 1 + 1 + 1, true);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        ((uint32_t*) p)[1] = l;
-        memcpy(p + 8, s, l + 1);
+                p[0] = h;
+                memset(p+1, 0, 7);
+                memcpy(p+8, s, l);
+                p[8+l] = 0;
+                p[8+l+1] = 0;
+                p[8+l+2] = type;
 
-        if (ret)
-                *ret = (char*) p + 8;
+                if (ret)
+                        *ret = (char*) p + 8;
+
+        } else {
+                /* (field id byte + (signature length + signature 's' + NUL) + (string length + string + NUL)) */
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 4 + l + 1, false);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                p[0] = h;
+                p[1] = 1;
+                p[2] = type;
+                p[3] = 0;
+
+                ((uint32_t*) p)[1] = l;
+                memcpy(p + 8, s, l + 1);
+
+                if (ret)
+                        *ret = (char*) p + 8;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -262,24 +290,33 @@ static int message_append_field_signature(
 
         assert(m);
 
+        /* dbus1 doesn't allow signatures over 32bit, let's enforce
+         * this globally, to not risk convertability */
         l = strlen(s);
         if (l > 255)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        /* field id byte + signature length + signature 'g' + NUL + string length + string + NUL */
-        p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 1 + l + 1);
-        if (!p)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        /* Signature "(yv)" where the variant contains "g" */
+
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m))
+                /* For gvariant the serialization is the same as for normal strings */
+                return message_append_field_string(m, h, 'g', s, ret);
+        else {
+                /* (field id byte + (signature length + signature 'g' + NUL) + (string length + string + NUL)) */
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 1 + l + 1, false);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        p[0] = h;
-        p[1] = 1;
-        p[2] = SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE;
-        p[3] = 0;
-        p[4] = l;
-        memcpy(p + 5, s, l + 1);
+                p[0] = h;
+                p[1] = 1;
+                p[2] = SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE;
+                p[3] = 0;
+                p[4] = l;
+                memcpy(p + 5, s, l + 1);
 
-        if (ret)
-                *ret = (const char*) p + 5;
+                if (ret)
+                        *ret = (const char*) p + 5;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -289,22 +326,37 @@ static int message_append_field_uint32(sd_bus_message *m, uint8_t h, uint32_t x)
 
         assert(m);
 
-        /* field id byte + signature length + signature 'u' + NUL + value */
-        p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 4);
-        if (!p)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                /* (field id byte + 7x padding + ((value + NUL + signature string 'u') */
+
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 1 + 7 + 4 + 1 + 1, true);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        p[0] = h;
-        p[1] = 1;
-        p[2] = SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32;
-        p[3] = 0;
+                p[0] = h;
+                memset(p+1, 0, 7);
+                *((uint32_t*) (p + 8)) = x;
+                p[12] = 0;
+                p[13] = 'u';
+        } else {
+                /* (field id byte + (signature length + signature 'u' + NUL) + value) */
+                p = message_extend_fields(m, 8, 4 + 4, false);
+                if (!p)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        ((uint32_t*) p)[1] = x;
+                p[0] = h;
+                p[1] = 1;
+                p[2] = SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32;
+                p[3] = 0;
+
+                ((uint32_t*) p)[1] = x;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
 
 int bus_message_from_header(
+                sd_bus *bus,
                 void *buffer,
                 size_t length,
                 int *fds,
@@ -326,7 +378,8 @@ int bus_message_from_header(
                 return -EBADMSG;
 
         h = buffer;
-        if (h->version != 1)
+        if (h->version != 1 &&
+            h->version != 2)
                 return -EBADMSG;
 
         if (h->serial == 0)
@@ -335,8 +388,8 @@ int bus_message_from_header(
         if (h->type == _SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_INVALID)
                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-        if (h->endian != SD_BUS_LITTLE_ENDIAN &&
-            h->endian != SD_BUS_BIG_ENDIAN)
+        if (h->endian != BUS_LITTLE_ENDIAN &&
+            h->endian != BUS_BIG_ENDIAN)
                 return -EBADMSG;
 
         a = ALIGN(sizeof(sd_bus_message)) + ALIGN(extra);
@@ -357,22 +410,28 @@ int bus_message_from_header(
         m->n_fds = n_fds;
 
         if (ucred) {
-                m->uid = ucred->uid;
-                m->pid = ucred->pid;
-                m->gid = ucred->gid;
-                m->uid_valid = m->gid_valid = true;
+                m->creds.uid = ucred->uid;
+                m->creds.pid = ucred->pid;
+                m->creds.gid = ucred->gid;
+                m->creds.mask |= SD_BUS_CREDS_UID | SD_BUS_CREDS_PID | SD_BUS_CREDS_GID;
         }
 
         if (label) {
-                m->label = (char*) m + ALIGN(sizeof(sd_bus_message)) + ALIGN(extra);
-                memcpy(m->label, label, label_sz + 1);
+                m->creds.label = (char*) m + ALIGN(sizeof(sd_bus_message)) + ALIGN(extra);
+                memcpy(m->creds.label, label, label_sz + 1);
+
+                m->creds.mask |= SD_BUS_CREDS_SELINUX_CONTEXT;
         }
 
+        if (bus)
+                m->bus = sd_bus_ref(bus);
+
         *ret = m;
         return 0;
 }
 
 int bus_message_from_malloc(
+                sd_bus *bus,
                 void *buffer,
                 size_t length,
                 int *fds,
@@ -382,9 +441,10 @@ int bus_message_from_malloc(
                 sd_bus_message **ret) {
 
         sd_bus_message *m;
+        size_t sz;
         int r;
 
-        r = bus_message_from_header(buffer, length, fds, n_fds, ucred, label, 0, &m);
+        r = bus_message_from_header(bus, buffer, length, fds, n_fds, ucred, label, 0, &m);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
@@ -393,11 +453,14 @@ int bus_message_from_malloc(
                 goto fail;
         }
 
-        m->n_body_parts = 1;
-        m->body.data = (uint8_t*) buffer + sizeof(struct bus_header) + ALIGN8(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m));
-        m->body.size = length - sizeof(struct bus_header) - ALIGN8(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m));
-        m->body.sealed = true;
-        m->body.memfd = -1;
+        sz = length - sizeof(struct bus_header) - ALIGN8(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m));
+        if (sz > 0) {
+                m->n_body_parts = 1;
+                m->body.data = (uint8_t*) buffer + sizeof(struct bus_header) + ALIGN8(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m));
+                m->body.size = sz;
+                m->body.sealed = true;
+                m->body.memfd = -1;
+        }
 
         m->n_iovec = 1;
         m->iovec = m->iovec_fixed;
@@ -429,10 +492,11 @@ static sd_bus_message *message_new(sd_bus *bus, uint8_t type) {
 
         m->n_ref = 1;
         m->header = (struct bus_header*) ((uint8_t*) m + ALIGN(sizeof(struct sd_bus_message)));
-        m->header->endian = SD_BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN;
+        m->header->endian = BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN;
         m->header->type = type;
         m->header->version = bus ? bus->message_version : 1;
         m->allow_fds = !bus || bus->can_fds || (bus->state != BUS_HELLO && bus->state != BUS_RUNNING);
+        m->root_container.need_offsets = BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m);
 
         if (bus)
                 m->bus = sd_bus_ref(bus);
@@ -460,15 +524,15 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_signal(
         if (!t)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        t->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+        t->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, path, &t->path);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, path, &t->path);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, interface, &t->interface);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, interface, &t->interface);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, member, &t->member);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, member, &t->member);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
@@ -502,21 +566,21 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_call(
         if (!t)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, path, &t->path);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, path, &t->path);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, member, &t->member);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, member, &t->member);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
         if (interface) {
-                r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, interface, &t->interface);
+                r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, interface, &t->interface);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         }
 
         if (destination) {
-                r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, destination, &t->destination);
+                r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, destination, &t->destination);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         }
@@ -530,7 +594,6 @@ fail:
 }
 
 static int message_new_reply(
-                sd_bus *bus,
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 uint8_t type,
                 sd_bus_message **m) {
@@ -538,30 +601,31 @@ static int message_new_reply(
         sd_bus_message *t;
         int r;
 
-        assert_return(!bus || bus->state != BUS_UNSET, -ENOTCONN);
         assert_return(call, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(call->sealed, -EPERM);
         assert_return(call->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!call->bus || call->bus->state != BUS_UNSET, -ENOTCONN);
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        t = message_new(bus, type);
+        t = message_new(call->bus, type);
         if (!t)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        t->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+        t->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
         t->reply_serial = BUS_MESSAGE_SERIAL(call);
 
-        r = message_append_field_uint32(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL, t->reply_serial);
+        r = message_append_field_uint32(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL, t->reply_serial);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
         if (call->sender) {
-                r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, call->sender, &t->destination);
+                r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, call->sender, &t->destination);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         }
 
-        t->dont_send = !!(call->header->flags & SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED);
+        t->dont_send = !!(call->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED);
+        t->enforced_reply_signature = call->enforced_reply_signature;
 
         *m = t;
         return 0;
@@ -572,15 +636,13 @@ fail:
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_return(
-                sd_bus *bus,
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 sd_bus_message **m) {
 
-        return message_new_reply(bus, call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_RETURN, m);
+        return message_new_reply(call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_RETURN, m);
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(
-                sd_bus *bus,
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 const sd_bus_error *e,
                 sd_bus_message **m) {
@@ -591,11 +653,11 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(
         assert_return(sd_bus_error_is_set(e), -EINVAL);
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        r = message_new_reply(bus, call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR, &t);
+        r = message_new_reply(call, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR, &t);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, e->name, &t->error.name);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, e->name, &t->error.name);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
@@ -605,6 +667,8 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(
                         goto fail;
         }
 
+        t->error._need_free = -1;
+
         *m = t;
         return 0;
 
@@ -614,7 +678,6 @@ fail:
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errorf(
-                sd_bus *bus,
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 sd_bus_message **m,
                 const char *name,
@@ -623,23 +686,18 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errorf(
 
         _cleanup_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
         va_list ap;
-        int r;
 
         assert_return(name, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
         va_start(ap, format);
-        r = bus_error_setfv(&error, name, format, ap);
+        bus_error_setfv(&error, name, format, ap);
         va_end(ap);
 
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(bus, call, &error, m);
+        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, &error, m);
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errno(
-                sd_bus *bus,
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 int error,
                 const sd_bus_error *p,
@@ -648,15 +706,14 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errno(
         _cleanup_free_ sd_bus_error berror = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
 
         if (sd_bus_error_is_set(p))
-                return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(bus, call, p, m);
+                return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, p, m);
 
         sd_bus_error_set_errno(&berror, error);
 
-        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(bus, call, &berror, m);
+        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, &berror, m);
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errnof(
-                sd_bus *bus,
                 sd_bus_message *call,
                 sd_bus_message **m,
                 int error,
@@ -665,16 +722,12 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_new_method_errnof(
 
         _cleanup_free_ sd_bus_error berror = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
         va_list ap;
-        int r;
 
         va_start(ap, format);
-        r = bus_error_set_errnofv(&berror, error, format, ap);
+        bus_error_set_errnofv(&berror, error, format, ap);
         va_end(ap);
 
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(bus, call, &berror, m);
+        return sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, &berror, m);
 }
 
 int bus_message_new_synthetic_error(
@@ -693,20 +746,20 @@ int bus_message_new_synthetic_error(
         if (!t)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        t->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+        t->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
         t->reply_serial = serial;
 
-        r = message_append_field_uint32(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL, t->reply_serial);
+        r = message_append_field_uint32(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL, t->reply_serial);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
         if (bus && bus->unique_name) {
-                r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, bus->unique_name, &t->destination);
+                r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, bus->unique_name, &t->destination);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
         }
 
-        r = message_append_field_string(t, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, e->name, &t->error.name);
+        r = message_append_field_string(t, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, e->name, &t->error.name);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
@@ -716,6 +769,8 @@ int bus_message_new_synthetic_error(
                         goto fail;
         }
 
+        t->error._need_free = -1;
+
         *m = t;
         return 0;
 
@@ -774,13 +829,13 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_get_reply_serial(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *serial
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_get_no_reply(sd_bus_message *m) {
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        return m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL ? !!(m->header->flags & SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED) : 0;
+        return m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL ? !!(m->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED) : 0;
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_get_no_auto_start(sd_bus_message *m) {
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
 
-        return !!(m->header->flags & SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START);
+        return !!(m->header->flags & BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START);
 }
 
 _public_ const char *sd_bus_message_get_path(sd_bus_message *m) {
@@ -820,63 +875,10 @@ _public_ const sd_bus_error *sd_bus_message_get_error(sd_bus_message *m) {
         return &m->error;
 }
 
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_uid(sd_bus_message *m, uid_t *uid) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(uid, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->uid_valid, -ESRCH);
-
-        *uid = m->uid;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_gid(sd_bus_message *m, gid_t *gid) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(gid, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->gid_valid, -ESRCH);
-
-        *gid = m->gid;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_pid(sd_bus_message *m, pid_t *pid) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(pid, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->pid > 0, -ESRCH);
-
-        *pid = m->pid;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_tid(sd_bus_message *m, pid_t *tid) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(tid, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->tid > 0, -ESRCH);
-
-        *tid = m->tid;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_pid_starttime(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *usec) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(usec, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->pid_starttime > 0, -ESRCH);
-
-        *usec = m->pid_starttime;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_selinux_context(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->label, -ESRCH);
-
-        *ret = m->label;
-        return 0;
-}
-
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_get_monotonic_timestamp(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *usec) {
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(usec, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->monotonic > 0, -ESRCH);
+        assert_return(m->monotonic > 0, -ENODATA);
 
         *usec = m->monotonic;
         return 0;
@@ -885,166 +887,19 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_get_monotonic_timestamp(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_get_realtime_timestamp(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *usec) {
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(usec, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->realtime > 0, -ESRCH);
+        assert_return(m->realtime > 0, -ENODATA);
 
         *usec = m->realtime;
         return 0;
 }
 
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_comm(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->comm, -ESRCH);
-
-        *ret = m->comm;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_tid_comm(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->tid_comm, -ESRCH);
-
-        *ret = m->tid_comm;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_exe(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->exe, -ESRCH);
-
-        *ret = m->exe;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_cgroup(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->cgroup, -ESRCH);
-
-        *ret = m->cgroup;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_unit(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        int r;
-
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->cgroup, -ESRCH);
-
-        if (!m->unit) {
-                r = cg_path_get_unit(m->cgroup, &m->unit);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
-
-        *ret = m->unit;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_user_unit(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        int r;
-
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->cgroup, -ESRCH);
-
-        if (!m->user_unit) {
-                r = cg_path_get_user_unit(m->cgroup, &m->user_unit);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
-
-        *ret = m->user_unit;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_session(sd_bus_message *m, const char **ret) {
-        int r;
-
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->cgroup, -ESRCH);
-
-        if (!m->session) {
-                r = cg_path_get_session(m->cgroup, &m->session);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
-
-        *ret = m->session;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_owner_uid(sd_bus_message *m, uid_t *uid) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(uid, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->cgroup, -ESRCH);
-
-        return cg_path_get_owner_uid(m->cgroup, uid);
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_cmdline(sd_bus_message *m, char ***cmdline) {
-        size_t n, i;
-        const char *p;
-        bool first;
-
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->cmdline, -ESRCH);
-
-        for (p = m->cmdline, n = 0; p < m->cmdline + m->cmdline_length; p++)
-                if (*p == 0)
-                        n++;
-
-        m->cmdline_array = new(char*, n + 1);
-        if (!m->cmdline_array)
-                return -ENOMEM;
-
-        for (p = m->cmdline, i = 0, first = true; p < m->cmdline + m->cmdline_length; p++) {
-                if (first)
-                        m->cmdline_array[i++] = (char*) p;
-
-                first = *p == 0;
-        }
-
-        m->cmdline_array[i] = NULL;
-        *cmdline = m->cmdline_array;
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_audit_sessionid(sd_bus_message *m, uint32_t *sessionid) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(sessionid, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->audit, -ESRCH);
-
-        *sessionid = m->audit->sessionid;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_get_audit_loginuid(sd_bus_message *m, uid_t *uid) {
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(uid, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(m->audit, -ESRCH);
-
-        *uid = m->audit->loginuid;
-        return 0;
-}
-
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_has_effective_cap(sd_bus_message *m, int capability) {
-        unsigned sz;
-
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(capability < 0, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(!m->capability, -ESRCH);
+_public_ sd_bus_creds *sd_bus_message_get_creds(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
 
-        sz = m->capability_size / 4;
-        if ((unsigned) capability >= sz*8)
-                return 0;
+        if (m->creds.mask == 0)
+                return NULL;
 
-        return !!(m->capability[2 * sz + (capability / 8)] & (1 << (capability % 8)));
+        return &m->creds;
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_is_signal(sd_bus_message *m,
@@ -1099,9 +954,9 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_set_no_reply(sd_bus_message *m, int b) {
         assert_return(m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_CALL, -EPERM);
 
         if (b)
-                m->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+                m->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
         else
-                m->header->flags &= ~SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
+                m->header->flags &= ~BUS_MESSAGE_NO_REPLY_EXPECTED;
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -1111,9 +966,9 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_set_no_auto_start(sd_bus_message *m, int b) {
         assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
 
         if (b)
-                m->header->flags |= SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START;
+                m->header->flags |= BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START;
         else
-                m->header->flags &= ~SD_BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START;
+                m->header->flags &= ~BUS_MESSAGE_NO_AUTO_START;
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -1132,9 +987,7 @@ struct bus_body_part *message_append_part(sd_bus_message *m) {
         struct bus_body_part *part;
 
         assert(m);
-
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return NULL;
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, NULL);
 
         if (m->n_body_parts <= 0) {
                 part = &m->body;
@@ -1236,6 +1089,27 @@ static int part_make_space(
         return 0;
 }
 
+static int message_add_offset(sd_bus_message *m, size_t offset) {
+        struct bus_container *c;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m));
+
+        /* Add offset to current container, unless this is the first
+         * item in it, which will have the 0 offset, which we can
+         * ignore. */
+        c = message_get_container(m);
+
+        if (!c->need_offsets)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(c->offsets, c->n_offsets_allocated, c->n_offsets + 1))
+                return -ENOMEM;
+
+        c->offsets[c->n_offsets++] = offset;
+        return 0;
+}
+
 static void message_extend_containers(sd_bus_message *m, size_t expand) {
         struct bus_container *c;
 
@@ -1245,24 +1119,22 @@ static void message_extend_containers(sd_bus_message *m, size_t expand) {
                 return;
 
         /* Update counters */
-        for (c = m->containers; c < m->containers + m->n_containers; c++)
+        for (c = m->containers; c < m->containers + m->n_containers; c++) {
+
                 if (c->array_size)
                         *c->array_size += expand;
+        }
 }
 
-static void *message_extend_body(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz) {
-        struct bus_body_part *part = NULL;
-        size_t start_body, end_body, padding, start_part, end_part, added;
-        bool add_new_part;
+static void *message_extend_body(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz, bool add_offset) {
+        size_t start_body, end_body, padding, added;
         void *p;
         int r;
 
         assert(m);
         assert(align > 0);
         assert(!m->sealed);
-
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return NULL;
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, NULL);
 
         start_body = ALIGN_TO((size_t) m->header->body_size, align);
         end_body = start_body + sz;
@@ -1276,69 +1148,110 @@ static void *message_extend_body(sd_bus_message *m, size_t align, size_t sz) {
                 return NULL;
         }
 
-        add_new_part =
-                m->n_body_parts <= 0 ||
-                m->body_end->sealed ||
-                padding != ALIGN_TO(m->body_end->size, align) - m->body_end->size;
+        if (added > 0) {
+                struct bus_body_part *part = NULL;
+                bool add_new_part;
+
+                add_new_part =
+                        m->n_body_parts <= 0 ||
+                        m->body_end->sealed ||
+                        padding != ALIGN_TO(m->body_end->size, align) - m->body_end->size;
+
+                if (add_new_part) {
+                        if (padding > 0) {
+                                part = message_append_part(m);
+                                if (!part)
+                                        return NULL;
+
+                                part_zero(part, padding);
+                        }
 
-        if (add_new_part) {
-                if (padding > 0) {
                         part = message_append_part(m);
                         if (!part)
                                 return NULL;
 
-                        part_zero(part, padding);
+                        r = part_make_space(m, part, sz, &p);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return NULL;
+                } else {
+                        struct bus_container *c;
+                        void *op;
+                        size_t os, start_part, end_part;
+
+                        part = m->body_end;
+                        op = part->data;
+                        os = part->size;
+
+                        start_part = ALIGN_TO(part->size, align);
+                        end_part = start_part + sz;
+
+                        r = part_make_space(m, part, end_part, &p);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return NULL;
+
+                        if (padding > 0) {
+                                memset(p, 0, padding);
+                                p = (uint8_t*) p + padding;
+                        }
+
+                        /* Readjust pointers */
+                        for (c = m->containers; c < m->containers + m->n_containers; c++)
+                                c->array_size = adjust_pointer(c->array_size, op, os, part->data);
+
+                        m->error.message = (const char*) adjust_pointer(m->error.message, op, os, part->data);
                 }
+        } else
+                /* Return something that is not NULL and is aligned */
+                p = (uint8_t *) NULL + align;
 
-                part = message_append_part(m);
-                if (!part)
-                        return NULL;
+        m->header->body_size = end_body;
+        message_extend_containers(m, added);
 
-                r = part_make_space(m, part, sz, &p);
-                if (r < 0)
+        if (add_offset) {
+                r = message_add_offset(m, end_body);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        m->poisoned = true;
                         return NULL;
-        } else {
-                struct bus_container *c;
-                void *op;
-                size_t os;
+                }
+        }
 
-                part = m->body_end;
-                op = part->data;
-                os = part->size;
+        return p;
+}
 
-                start_part = ALIGN_TO(part->size, align);
-                end_part = start_part + sz;
+static int message_push_fd(sd_bus_message *m, int fd) {
+        int *f, copy;
 
-                r = part_make_space(m, part, end_part, &p);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return NULL;
+        assert(m);
 
-                if (padding > 0) {
-                        memset(p, 0, padding);
-                        p = (uint8_t*) p + padding;
-                }
+        if (fd < 0)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        if (!m->allow_fds)
+                return -ENOTSUP;
 
-                /* Readjust pointers */
-                for (c = m->containers; c < m->containers + m->n_containers; c++)
-                        c->array_size = adjust_pointer(c->array_size, op, os, part->data);
+        copy = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3);
+        if (copy < 0)
+                return -errno;
 
-                m->error.message = (const char*) adjust_pointer(m->error.message, op, os, part->data);
+        f = realloc(m->fds, sizeof(int) * (m->n_fds + 1));
+        if (!f) {
+                m->poisoned = true;
+                close_nointr_nofail(copy);
+                return -ENOMEM;
         }
 
-        m->header->body_size = end_body;
-        message_extend_containers(m, added);
+        m->fds = f;
+        m->fds[m->n_fds] = copy;
+        m->free_fds = true;
 
-        return p;
+        return copy;
 }
 
 int message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p, const void **stored) {
+        _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
         struct bus_container *c;
         ssize_t align, sz;
-        uint32_t k;
         void *a;
-        int fd = -1;
-        uint32_t fdi = 0;
-        int r;
 
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
@@ -1366,150 +1279,159 @@ int message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p, const void
                 }
         }
 
-        switch (type) {
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                uint8_t u8;
+                uint32_t u32;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
-                /* To make things easy we'll serialize a NULL string
-                 * into the empty string */
-                p = strempty(p);
+                switch (type) {
 
-                /* Fall through... */
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE:
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
+                        p = strempty(p);
 
-                if (!p) {
-                        r = -EINVAL;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                        /* Fall through... */
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
+                        if (!p)
+                                return -EINVAL;
 
-                align = 4;
-                sz = 4 + strlen(p) + 1;
-                break;
+                        align = 1;
+                        sz = strlen(p) + 1;
+                        break;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE:
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
 
-                if (!p) {
-                        r = -EINVAL;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                        u8 = p && *(int*) p;
+                        p = &u8;
 
-                align = 1;
-                sz = 1 + strlen(p) + 1;
-                break;
+                        align = sz = 1;
+                        break;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD:
 
-                if (!p) {
-                        r = -EINVAL;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                        if (!p)
+                                return -EINVAL;
 
-                align = sz = 4;
+                        fd = message_push_fd(m, *(int*) p);
+                        if (fd < 0)
+                                return fd;
 
-                assert_cc(sizeof(int) == sizeof(uint32_t));
-                memcpy(&k, p, 4);
-                k = !!k;
-                p = &k;
-                break;
+                        u32 = m->n_fds;
+                        p = &u32;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD: {
-                int z, *f;
+                        align = sz = 4;
+                        break;
 
-                if (!p) {
-                        r = -EINVAL;
-                        goto fail;
+                default:
+                        align = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(CHAR_TO_STR(type));
+                        sz = bus_gvariant_get_size(CHAR_TO_STR(type));
+                        break;
                 }
 
-                if (!m->allow_fds) {
-                        r = -ENOTSUP;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                assert(align > 0);
+                assert(sz > 0);
 
-                align = sz = 4;
+                a = message_extend_body(m, align, sz, true);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-                z = *(int*) p;
-                if (z < 0) {
-                        r = -EINVAL;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                memcpy(a, p, sz);
 
-                fd = fcntl(z, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3);
-                if (fd < 0) {
-                        r = -errno;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                if (stored)
+                        *stored = (const uint8_t*) a;
 
-                f = realloc(m->fds, sizeof(int) * (m->n_fds + 1));
-                if (!f) {
-                        m->poisoned = true;
-                        r = -ENOMEM;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+        } else {
+                uint32_t u32;
 
-                fdi = m->n_fds;
-                f[fdi] = fd;
-                m->fds = f;
-                m->free_fds = true;
-                break;
-        }
+                switch (type) {
 
-        default:
-                if (!p) {
-                        r = -EINVAL;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
+                        /* To make things easy we'll serialize a NULL string
+                         * into the empty string */
+                        p = strempty(p);
 
-                align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
-                sz = bus_type_get_size(type);
-                break;
-        }
+                        /* Fall through... */
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
 
-        assert(align > 0);
-        assert(sz > 0);
+                        if (!p)
+                                return -EINVAL;
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, align, sz);
-        if (!a) {
-                r = -ENOMEM;
-                goto fail;
-        }
+                        align = 4;
+                        sz = 4 + strlen(p) + 1;
+                        break;
 
-        if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING || type == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH) {
-                *(uint32_t*) a = sz - 5;
-                memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 4, p, sz - 4);
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE:
 
-                if (stored)
-                        *stored = (const uint8_t*) a + 4;
+                        p = strempty(p);
 
-        } else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE) {
-                *(uint8_t*) a = sz - 1;
-                memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 1, p, sz - 1);
+                        align = 1;
+                        sz = 1 + strlen(p) + 1;
+                        break;
 
-                if (stored)
-                        *stored = (const uint8_t*) a + 1;
-        } else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD) {
-                *(uint32_t*) a = fdi;
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
 
-                if (stored)
-                        *stored = a;
+                        u32 = p && *(int*) p;
+                        p = &u32;
 
-                m->n_fds ++;
+                        align = sz = 4;
+                        break;
 
-        } else {
-                memcpy(a, p, sz);
+                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD:
 
-                if (stored)
-                        *stored = a;
+                        if (!p)
+                                return -EINVAL;
+
+                        fd = message_push_fd(m, *(int*) p);
+                        if (fd < 0)
+                                return fd;
+
+                        u32 = m->n_fds;
+                        p = &u32;
+
+                        align = sz = 4;
+                        break;
+
+                default:
+                        align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
+                        sz = bus_type_get_size(type);
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                assert(align > 0);
+                assert(sz > 0);
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, align, sz, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING || type == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH) {
+                        *(uint32_t*) a = sz - 5;
+                        memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 4, p, sz - 4);
+
+                        if (stored)
+                                *stored = (const uint8_t*) a + 4;
+
+                } else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE) {
+                        *(uint8_t*) a = sz - 1;
+                        memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 1, p, sz - 1);
+
+                        if (stored)
+                                *stored = (const uint8_t*) a + 1;
+                } else {
+                        memcpy(a, p, sz);
+
+                        if (stored)
+                                *stored = a;
+                }
         }
 
+        if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD)
+                m->n_fds ++;
+
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index++;
 
+        fd = -1;
         return 0;
-
-fail:
-        if (fd >= 0)
-                close_nointr_nofail(fd);
-
-        return r;
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_append_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const void *p) {
@@ -1550,12 +1472,20 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_append_string_space(
                 }
         }
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4 + size + 1);
-        if (!a)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, size + 1, true);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                *s = a;
+        } else {
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4 + size + 1, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        *(uint32_t*) a = size;
-        *s = (char*) a + 4;
+                *(uint32_t*) a = size;
+                *s = (char*) a + 4;
+        }
 
         (*s)[size] = 0;
 
@@ -1603,26 +1533,23 @@ static int bus_message_open_array(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
                 const char *contents,
-                uint32_t **array_size) {
+                uint32_t **array_size,
+                size_t *begin,
+                bool *need_offsets) {
 
         unsigned nindex;
-        void *a, *op;
-        int alignment;
-        size_t os;
-        struct bus_body_part *o;
+        int alignment, r;
 
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
         assert(array_size);
+        assert(begin);
+        assert(need_offsets);
 
         if (!signature_is_single(contents, true))
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        alignment = bus_type_get_alignment(contents[0]);
-        if (alignment < 0)
-                return alignment;
-
         if (c->signature && c->signature[c->index]) {
 
                 /* Verify the existing signature */
@@ -1651,27 +1578,53 @@ static int bus_message_open_array(
                 nindex = e - c->signature;
         }
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4);
-        if (!a)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                alignment = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(contents);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
 
-        o = m->body_end;
-        op = m->body_end->data;
-        os = m->body_end->size;
+                /* Add alignment padding and add to offset list */
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        /* Add alignment between size and first element */
-        if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0))
-                return -ENOMEM;
+                r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(contents);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                *begin = m->header->body_size;
+                *need_offsets = r == 0;
+        } else {
+                void *a, *op;
+                size_t os;
+                struct bus_body_part *o;
+
+                alignment = bus_type_get_alignment(contents[0]);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                o = m->body_end;
+                op = m->body_end->data;
+                os = m->body_end->size;
+
+                /* Add alignment between size and first element */
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                /* location of array size might have changed so let's readjust a */
+                if (o == m->body_end)
+                        a = adjust_pointer(a, op, os, m->body_end->data);
+
+                *(uint32_t*) a = 0;
+                *array_size = a;
+        }
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index = nindex;
 
-        /* location of array size might have changed so let's readjust a */
-        if (o == m->body_end)
-                a = adjust_pointer(a, op, os, m->body_end->data);
-
-        *(uint32_t*) a = 0;
-        *array_size = a;
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1680,9 +1633,6 @@ static int bus_message_open_variant(
                 struct bus_container *c,
                 const char *contents) {
 
-        size_t l;
-        void *a;
-
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
@@ -1711,13 +1661,24 @@ static int bus_message_open_variant(
                 }
         }
 
-        l = strlen(contents);
-        a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 1 + l + 1);
-        if (!a)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                /* Variants are always aligned to 8 */
+
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+        } else {
+                size_t l;
+                void *a;
+
+                l = strlen(contents);
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 1 + l + 1, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        *(uint8_t*) a = l;
-        memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 1, contents, l + 1);
+                *(uint8_t*) a = l;
+                memcpy((uint8_t*) a + 1, contents, l + 1);
+        }
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index++;
@@ -1728,13 +1689,18 @@ static int bus_message_open_variant(
 static int bus_message_open_struct(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
-                const char *contents) {
+                const char *contents,
+                size_t *begin,
+                bool *need_offsets) {
 
         size_t nindex;
+        int r;
 
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
+        assert(begin);
+        assert(need_offsets);
 
         if (!signature_is_valid(contents, false))
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -1765,9 +1731,27 @@ static int bus_message_open_struct(
                 nindex = e - c->signature;
         }
 
-        /* Align contents to 8 byte boundary */
-        if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0))
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                int alignment;
+
+                alignment = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(contents);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
+
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(contents);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                *begin = m->header->body_size;
+                *need_offsets = r == 0;
+        } else {
+                /* Align contents to 8 byte boundary */
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        }
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index = nindex;
@@ -1778,13 +1762,17 @@ static int bus_message_open_struct(
 static int bus_message_open_dict_entry(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
-                const char *contents) {
+                const char *contents,
+                size_t *begin,
+                bool *need_offsets) {
 
-        size_t nindex;
+        int r;
 
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
+        assert(begin);
+        assert(need_offsets);
 
         if (!signature_is_pair(contents))
                 return -EINVAL;
@@ -1801,17 +1789,30 @@ static int bus_message_open_dict_entry(
                     !startswith(c->signature + c->index + 1, contents) ||
                     c->signature[c->index + 1 + l] != SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY_END)
                         return -ENXIO;
-
-                nindex = c->index + 1 + l + 1;
         } else
                 return -ENXIO;
 
-        /* Align contents to 8 byte boundary */
-        if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0))
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                int alignment;
 
-        if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                c->index = nindex;
+                alignment = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(contents);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
+
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, alignment, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(contents);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                *begin = m->header->body_size;
+                *need_offsets = r == 0;
+        } else {
+                /* Align contents to 8 byte boundary */
+                if (!message_extend_body(m, 8, 0, false))
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -1824,7 +1825,8 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_open_container(
         struct bus_container *c, *w;
         uint32_t *array_size = NULL;
         char *signature;
-        size_t before;
+        size_t before, begin;
+        bool need_offsets = false;
         int r;
 
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
@@ -1855,13 +1857,13 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_open_container(
         before = m->header->body_size;
 
         if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                r = bus_message_open_array(m, c, contents, &array_size);
+                r = bus_message_open_array(m, c, contents, &array_size, &begin, &need_offsets);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
                 r = bus_message_open_variant(m, c, contents);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
-                r = bus_message_open_struct(m, c, contents);
+                r = bus_message_open_struct(m, c, contents, &begin, &need_offsets);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)
-                r = bus_message_open_dict_entry(m, c, contents);
+                r = bus_message_open_dict_entry(m, c, contents, &begin, &need_offsets);
         else
                 r = -EINVAL;
 
@@ -1877,96 +1879,325 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_open_container(
         w->index = 0;
         w->array_size = array_size;
         w->before = before;
-        w->begin = m->rindex;
+        w->begin = begin;
+        w->n_offsets = w->n_offsets_allocated = 0;
+        w->offsets = NULL;
+        w->need_offsets = need_offsets;
 
         return 0;
 }
 
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_close_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
-        struct bus_container *c;
+static size_t determine_word_size(size_t sz, size_t extra) {
+        if (sz + extra <= 0xFF)
+                return 1;
+        else if (sz + extra*2 <= 0xFFFF)
+                return 2;
+        else if (sz + extra*4 <= 0xFFFFFFFF)
+                return 4;
+        else
+                return 8;
+}
 
-        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
-        assert_return(m->n_containers > 0, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
+static size_t read_word_le(void *p, size_t sz) {
+        union {
+                uint16_t u16;
+                uint32_t u32;
+                uint64_t u64;
+        } x;
 
-        c = message_get_container(m);
-        if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                if (c->signature && c->signature[c->index] != 0)
-                        return -EINVAL;
+        assert(p);
 
-        free(c->signature);
-        m->n_containers--;
+        if (sz == 1)
+                return *(uint8_t*) p;
 
-        return 0;
+        memcpy(&x, p, sz);
+
+        if (sz == 2)
+                return le16toh(x.u16);
+        else if (sz == 4)
+                return le32toh(x.u32);
+        else if (sz == 4)
+                return le64toh(x.u64);
+
+        assert_not_reached("unknown word width");
 }
 
-typedef struct {
-        const char *types;
-        unsigned n_struct;
-        unsigned n_array;
-} TypeStack;
+static void write_word_le(void *p, size_t sz, size_t value) {
+        union {
+                uint16_t u16;
+                uint32_t u32;
+                uint64_t u64;
+        } x;
 
-static int type_stack_push(TypeStack *stack, unsigned max, unsigned *i, const char *types, unsigned n_struct, unsigned n_array) {
-        assert(stack);
-        assert(max > 0);
+        assert(p);
+        assert(sz == 8 || (value < (1ULL << (sz*8))));
 
-        if (*i >= max)
-                return -EINVAL;
+        if (sz == 1) {
+                *(uint8_t*) p = value;
+                return;
+        } else if (sz == 2)
+                x.u16 = htole16((uint16_t) value);
+        else if (sz == 4)
+                x.u32 = htole32((uint32_t) value);
+        else if (sz == 8)
+                x.u64 = htole64((uint64_t) value);
+        else
+                assert_not_reached("unknown word width");
 
-        stack[*i].types = types;
-        stack[*i].n_struct = n_struct;
-        stack[*i].n_array = n_array;
-        (*i)++;
+        memcpy(p, &x, sz);
+}
+
+static int bus_message_close_array(sd_bus_message *m, struct bus_container *c) {
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(c);
+
+        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m))
+                return 0;
+
+        if (c->need_offsets) {
+                size_t payload, sz, i;
+                uint8_t *a;
+
+                /* Variable-width arrays */
+
+                payload = c->n_offsets > 0 ? c->offsets[c->n_offsets-1] - c->begin : 0;
+                sz = determine_word_size(payload, c->n_offsets);
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, sz * c->n_offsets, true);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                for (i = 0; i < c->n_offsets; i++)
+                        write_word_le(a + sz*i, sz, c->offsets[i] - c->begin);
+        } else {
+                void *a;
+
+                /* Fixed-width or empty arrays */
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 0, true); /* let's add offset to parent */
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        }
 
         return 0;
 }
 
-static int type_stack_pop(TypeStack *stack, unsigned max, unsigned *i, const char **types, unsigned *n_struct, unsigned *n_array) {
-        assert(stack);
-        assert(max > 0);
-        assert(types);
-        assert(n_struct);
-        assert(n_array);
+static int bus_message_close_variant(sd_bus_message *m, struct bus_container *c) {
+        uint8_t *a;
+        size_t l;
 
-        if (*i <= 0)
+        assert(m);
+        assert(c);
+
+        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m))
                 return 0;
 
-        (*i)--;
-        *types = stack[*i].types;
-        *n_struct = stack[*i].n_struct;
-        *n_array = stack[*i].n_array;
+        l = strlen(c->signature);
 
-        return 1;
-}
+        a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 1 + l, true);
+        if (!a)
+                return -ENOMEM;
 
-int bus_message_append_ap(
-                sd_bus_message *m,
-                const char *types,
-                va_list ap) {
+        a[0] = 0;
+        memcpy(a+1, c->signature, l);
 
-        unsigned n_array, n_struct;
-        TypeStack stack[BUS_CONTAINER_DEPTH];
-        unsigned stack_ptr = 0;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int bus_message_close_struct(sd_bus_message *m, struct bus_container *c, bool add_offset) {
+        size_t n_variable = 0;
+        unsigned i = 0;
+        const char *p;
+        uint8_t *a;
         int r;
 
         assert(m);
+        assert(c);
 
-        if (!types)
+        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m))
                 return 0;
 
-        n_array = (unsigned) -1;
-        n_struct = strlen(types);
+        p = strempty(c->signature);
+        while (*p != 0) {
+                size_t n;
 
-        for (;;) {
-                const char *t;
+                r = signature_element_length(p, &n);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                else {
+                        char t[n+1];
 
-                if (n_array == 0 || (n_array == (unsigned) -1 && n_struct == 0)) {
-                        r = type_stack_pop(stack, ELEMENTSOF(stack), &stack_ptr, &types, &n_struct, &n_array);
+                        memcpy(t, p, n);
+                        t[n] = 0;
+
+                        r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(t);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
-                        if (r == 0)
-                                break;
+                }
+
+                assert(i <= c->n_offsets);
+
+                /* We need to add an offset for each item that has a
+                 * variable size and that is not the last one in the
+                 * list */
+                if (r == 0 && p[n] != 0)
+                        n_variable++;
+
+                i++;
+                p += n;
+        }
+
+        assert(i == c->n_offsets);
+
+        if (n_variable <= 0) {
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, 0, add_offset);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+        } else {
+                size_t sz;
+                unsigned j;
+
+                assert(c->offsets[c->n_offsets-1] == m->header->body_size);
+
+                sz = determine_word_size(m->header->body_size - c->begin, n_variable);
+
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 1, sz * n_variable, add_offset);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                p = strempty(c->signature);
+                for (i = 0, j = 0; i < c->n_offsets; i++) {
+                        unsigned k;
+                        size_t n;
+
+                        r = signature_element_length(p, &n);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+                        else {
+                                char t[n+1];
+
+                                memcpy(t, p, n);
+                                t[n] = 0;
+
+                                p += n;
+
+                                r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(t);
+                                if (r < 0)
+                                        return r;
+                                if (r > 0 || p[0] == 0)
+                                        continue;
+                        }
+
+                        k = n_variable - 1 - j;
+
+                        write_word_le(a + k * sz, sz, c->offsets[i] - c->begin);
+
+                        j++;
+                }
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_close_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        struct bus_container *c;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
+        assert_return(m->n_containers > 0, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
+
+        c = message_get_container(m);
+
+        if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
+                if (c->signature && c->signature[c->index] != 0)
+                        return -EINVAL;
+
+        m->n_containers--;
+
+        if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
+                r = bus_message_close_array(m, c);
+        else if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
+                r = bus_message_close_variant(m, c);
+        else if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT || c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)
+                r = bus_message_close_struct(m, c, true);
+        else
+                assert_not_reached("Unknown container type");
+
+        free(c->signature);
+        free(c->offsets);
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+        const char *types;
+        unsigned n_struct;
+        unsigned n_array;
+} TypeStack;
+
+static int type_stack_push(TypeStack *stack, unsigned max, unsigned *i, const char *types, unsigned n_struct, unsigned n_array) {
+        assert(stack);
+        assert(max > 0);
+
+        if (*i >= max)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        stack[*i].types = types;
+        stack[*i].n_struct = n_struct;
+        stack[*i].n_array = n_array;
+        (*i)++;
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int type_stack_pop(TypeStack *stack, unsigned max, unsigned *i, const char **types, unsigned *n_struct, unsigned *n_array) {
+        assert(stack);
+        assert(max > 0);
+        assert(types);
+        assert(n_struct);
+        assert(n_array);
+
+        if (*i <= 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        (*i)--;
+        *types = stack[*i].types;
+        *n_struct = stack[*i].n_struct;
+        *n_array = stack[*i].n_array;
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
+int bus_message_append_ap(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                const char *types,
+                va_list ap) {
+
+        unsigned n_array, n_struct;
+        TypeStack stack[BUS_CONTAINER_DEPTH];
+        unsigned stack_ptr = 0;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+
+        if (!types)
+                return 0;
+
+        n_array = (unsigned) -1;
+        n_struct = strlen(types);
+
+        for (;;) {
+                const char *t;
+
+                if (n_array == 0 || (n_array == (unsigned) -1 && n_struct == 0)) {
+                        r = type_stack_pop(stack, ELEMENTSOF(stack), &stack_ptr, &types, &n_struct, &n_array);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+                        if (r == 0)
+                                break;
 
                         r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
                         if (r < 0)
@@ -2134,7 +2365,7 @@ int bus_message_append_ap(
                         return r;
         }
 
-        return 0;
+        return 1;
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_append(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types, ...) {
@@ -2153,20 +2384,24 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_append(sd_bus_message *m, const char *types, ...) {
         return r;
 }
 
-_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array_space(sd_bus_message *m,
-                                               char type,
-                                               size_t size,
-                                               void **ptr) {
+_public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array_space(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                char type,
+                size_t size,
+                void **ptr) {
+
         ssize_t align, sz;
         void *a;
         int r;
 
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
-        assert_return(bus_type_is_trivial(type), -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(bus_type_is_trivial(type) && type != SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(ptr || size == 0, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(!m->poisoned, -ESTALE);
 
+        /* alignment and size of the trivial types (except bool) is
+         * identical for gvariant and dbus1 marshalling */
         align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
         sz = bus_type_get_size(type);
 
@@ -2180,7 +2415,7 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array_space(sd_bus_message *m,
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, align, size);
+        a = message_extend_body(m, align, size, false);
         if (!a)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -2300,7 +2535,7 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd(sd_bus_message *m,
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, align, 0);
+        a = message_extend_body(m, align, 0, false);
         if (!a)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -2313,8 +2548,8 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd(sd_bus_message *m,
         part->size = size;
         copy_fd = -1;
 
-        message_extend_containers(m, size);
         m->header->body_size += size;
+        message_extend_containers(m, size);
 
         return sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 }
@@ -2371,11 +2606,13 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_append_string_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, sd_memfd *mem
                 }
         }
 
-        a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4);
-        if (!a)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                a = message_extend_body(m, 4, 4, false);
+                if (!a)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
 
-        *(uint32_t*) a = size - 1;
+                *(uint32_t*) a = size - 1;
+        }
 
         part = message_append_part(m);
         if (!part)
@@ -2386,8 +2623,16 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_append_string_memfd(sd_bus_message *m, sd_memfd *mem
         part->size = size;
         copy_fd = -1;
 
-        message_extend_containers(m, size);
         m->header->body_size += size;
+        message_extend_containers(m, size);
+
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                r = message_add_offset(m, m->header->body_size);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        m->poisoned = true;
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+                }
+        }
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index++;
@@ -2416,6 +2661,112 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_append_strv(sd_bus_message *m, char **l) {
         return sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
 }
 
+static int bus_message_close_header(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        uint8_t *a;
+        size_t sz, i;
+
+        assert(m);
+
+        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m))
+                return 0;
+
+        if (m->n_header_offsets < 1)
+                return 0;
+
+        assert(m->header->fields_size == m->header_offsets[m->n_header_offsets-1]);
+
+        sz = determine_word_size(m->header->fields_size, m->n_header_offsets);
+
+        a = message_extend_fields(m, 1, sz * m->n_header_offsets, false);
+        if (!a)
+                return -ENOMEM;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < m->n_header_offsets; i++)
+                write_word_le(a + sz*i, sz, m->header_offsets[i]);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+int bus_message_seal(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t serial) {
+        struct bus_body_part *part;
+        size_t l, a;
+        unsigned i;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+
+        if (m->sealed)
+                return -EPERM;
+
+        if (m->n_containers > 0)
+                return -EBADMSG;
+
+        if (m->poisoned)
+                return -ESTALE;
+
+        /* In vtables the return signature of method calls is listed,
+         * let's check if they match if this is a response */
+        if (m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_RETURN &&
+            m->enforced_reply_signature &&
+            !streq(strempty(m->root_container.signature), m->enforced_reply_signature))
+                return -ENOMSG;
+
+        /* If gvariant marshalling is used we need to close the body structure */
+        r = bus_message_close_struct(m, &m->root_container, false);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        /* If there's a non-trivial signature set, then add it in here */
+        if (!isempty(m->root_container.signature)) {
+                r = message_append_field_signature(m, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SIGNATURE, m->root_container.signature, NULL);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+        }
+
+        if (m->n_fds > 0) {
+                r = message_append_field_uint32(m, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_UNIX_FDS, m->n_fds);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+        }
+
+        r = bus_message_close_header(m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        m->header->serial = serial;
+
+        /* Add padding at the end of the fields part, since we know
+         * the body needs to start at an 8 byte alignment. We made
+         * sure we allocated enough space for this, so all we need to
+         * do here is to zero it out. */
+        l = BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m);
+        a = ALIGN8(l) - l;
+        if (a > 0)
+                memset((uint8_t*) BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS(m) + l, 0, a);
+
+        /* If this is something we can send as memfd, then let's seal
+        the memfd now. Note that we can send memfds as payload only
+        for directed messages, and not for broadcasts. */
+        if (m->destination && m->bus && m->bus->use_memfd) {
+                MESSAGE_FOREACH_PART(part, i, m)
+                        if (part->memfd >= 0 && !part->sealed && (part->size > MEMFD_MIN_SIZE || m->bus->use_memfd < 0)) {
+                                bus_body_part_unmap(part);
+
+                                if (ioctl(part->memfd, KDBUS_CMD_MEMFD_SEAL_SET, 1) >= 0)
+                                        part->sealed = true;
+                        }
+        }
+
+        m->root_container.end = BUS_MESSAGE_BODY_SIZE(m);
+        m->root_container.index = 0;
+        m->root_container.offset_index = 0;
+        m->root_container.item_size = m->root_container.n_offsets > 0 ? m->root_container.offsets[0] : 0;
+
+        m->sealed = true;
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
 int bus_body_part_map(struct bus_body_part *part) {
         void *p;
         size_t psz;
@@ -2516,10 +2867,15 @@ static bool message_end_of_array(sd_bus_message *m, size_t index) {
         assert(m);
 
         c = message_get_container(m);
-        if (!c->array_size)
+        if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 return false;
 
-        return index >= c->begin + BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *c->array_size);
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m))
+                return index >= c->end;
+        else {
+                assert(c->array_size);
+                return index >= c->begin + BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *c->array_size);
+        }
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_at_end(sd_bus_message *m, int complete) {
@@ -2579,44 +2935,127 @@ static struct bus_body_part* find_part(sd_bus_message *m, size_t index, size_t s
         return NULL;
 }
 
-static int message_peek_body(
-                sd_bus_message *m,
-                size_t *rindex,
-                size_t align,
-                size_t nbytes,
-                void **ret) {
-
-        size_t k, start, end, padding;
-        struct bus_body_part *part;
-        uint8_t *q;
+static int container_next_item(sd_bus_message *m, struct bus_container *c, size_t *rindex) {
+        int r;
 
         assert(m);
+        assert(c);
         assert(rindex);
-        assert(align > 0);
 
-        if (message_end_of_array(m, *rindex))
+        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m))
                 return 0;
 
-        start = ALIGN_TO((size_t) *rindex, align);
-        padding = start - *rindex;
-        end = start + nbytes;
+        if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY) {
+                int sz;
 
-        if (end > BUS_MESSAGE_BODY_SIZE(m))
-                return -EBADMSG;
+                sz = bus_gvariant_get_size(c->signature);
+                if (sz < 0) {
+                        int alignment;
 
-        part = find_part(m, *rindex, padding, (void**) &q);
-        if (!part)
-                return -EBADMSG;
+                        if (c->offset_index+1 >= c->n_offsets)
+                                goto end;
 
-        if (q) {
-                /* Verify padding */
-                for (k = 0; k < padding; k++)
-                        if (q[k] != 0)
-                                return -EBADMSG;
+                        /* Variable-size array */
+
+                        alignment = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(c->signature);
+                        assert(alignment > 0);
+
+                        *rindex = ALIGN_TO(c->offsets[c->offset_index], alignment);
+                        c->item_size = c->offsets[c->offset_index+1] - *rindex;
+                } else {
+
+                        if (c->offset_index+1 >= (c->end-c->begin)/sz)
+                                goto end;
+
+                        /* Fixed-size array */
+                        *rindex = c->begin + (c->offset_index+1) * sz;
+                        c->item_size = sz;
+                }
+
+                c->offset_index++;
+
+        } else if (c->enclosing == 0 ||
+                   c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT ||
+                   c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
+
+                int alignment;
+                size_t n, j;
+
+                if (c->offset_index+1 >= c->n_offsets)
+                        goto end;
+
+                r = signature_element_length(c->signature + c->index, &n);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                r = signature_element_length(c->signature + c->index + n, &j);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                else {
+                        char t[j+1];
+                        memcpy(t, c->signature + c->index + n, j);
+                        t[j] = 0;
+
+                        alignment = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(t);
+                }
+
+                assert(alignment > 0);
+
+                *rindex = ALIGN_TO(c->offsets[c->offset_index], alignment);
+                c->item_size = c->offsets[c->offset_index+1] - *rindex;
+
+                c->offset_index++;
+
+        } else if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
+                goto end;
+        else
+                assert_not_reached("Unknown container type");
+
+        return 0;
+
+end:
+        /* Reached the end */
+        *rindex = c->end;
+        c->item_size = 0;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int message_peek_body(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                size_t *rindex,
+                size_t align,
+                size_t nbytes,
+                void **ret) {
+
+        size_t k, start, end, padding;
+        struct bus_body_part *part;
+        uint8_t *q;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(rindex);
+        assert(align > 0);
+
+        start = ALIGN_TO((size_t) *rindex, align);
+        padding = start - *rindex;
+        end = start + nbytes;
+
+        if (end > BUS_MESSAGE_BODY_SIZE(m))
+                return -EBADMSG;
+
+        part = find_part(m, *rindex, padding, (void**) &q);
+        if (!part)
+                return -EBADMSG;
+
+        if (q) {
+                /* Verify padding */
+                for (k = 0; k < padding; k++)
+                        if (q[k] != 0)
+                                return -EBADMSG;
         }
 
         part = find_part(m, start, nbytes, (void**) &q);
-        if (!part || !q)
+        if (!part || (nbytes > 0 && !q))
                 return -EBADMSG;
 
         *rindex = end;
@@ -2624,7 +3063,7 @@ static int message_peek_body(
         if (ret)
                 *ret = q;
 
-        return 1;
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static bool validate_nul(const char *s, size_t l) {
@@ -2677,6 +3116,7 @@ static bool validate_object_path(const char *s, size_t l) {
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_read_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, void *p) {
         struct bus_container *c;
+        size_t rindex;
         void *q;
         int r;
 
@@ -2694,132 +3134,205 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_read_basic(sd_bus_message *m, char type, void *p) {
         if (c->signature[c->index] != type)
                 return -ENXIO;
 
-        switch (type) {
+        rindex = m->rindex;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH: {
-                uint32_t l;
-                size_t rindex;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
 
-                rindex = m->rindex;
-                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 4, 4, &q);
-                if (r <= 0)
-                        return r;
+                if (IN_SET(type, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE)) {
+                        bool ok;
 
-                l = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
-                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, l+1, &q);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-                if (r == 0)
-                        return -EBADMSG;
+                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, c->item_size, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
 
-                if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH) {
-                        if (!validate_object_path(q, l))
+                        if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING)
+                                ok = validate_string(q, c->item_size-1);
+                        else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH)
+                                ok = validate_object_path(q, c->item_size-1);
+                        else
+                                ok = validate_signature(q, c->item_size-1);
+
+                        if (!ok)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
+
+                        if (p)
+                                *(const char**) p = q;
                 } else {
-                        if (!validate_string(q, l))
+                        int sz, align;
+
+                        sz = bus_gvariant_get_size(CHAR_TO_STR(type));
+                        assert(sz > 0);
+                        if ((size_t) sz != c->item_size)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
-                }
 
-                m->rindex = rindex;
-                if (p)
-                        *(const char**) p = q;
+                        align = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(CHAR_TO_STR(type));
+                        assert(align > 0);
 
-                break;
-        }
+                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, align, c->item_size, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
 
-        case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE: {
-                uint8_t l;
-                size_t rindex;
+                        switch (type) {
 
-                rindex = m->rindex;
-                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, 1, &q);
-                if (r <= 0)
-                        return r;
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(uint8_t*) p = *(uint8_t*) q;
+                                break;
 
-                l = *(uint8_t*) q;
-                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, l+1, &q);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-                if (r == 0)
-                        return -EBADMSG;
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(int*) p = !!*(uint8_t*) q;
+                                break;
 
-                if (!validate_signature(q, l))
-                        return -EBADMSG;
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT16:
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT16:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(uint16_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP16(m, *(uint16_t*) q);
+                                break;
 
-                m->rindex = rindex;
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(uint32_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
+                                break;
 
-                if (p)
-                        *(const char**) p = q;
-                break;
-        }
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64:
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(uint64_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP64(m, *(uint64_t*) q);
+                                break;
 
-        default: {
-                ssize_t sz, align;
-                size_t rindex;
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD: {
+                                uint32_t j;
 
-                align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
-                sz = bus_type_get_size(type);
-                assert(align > 0 && sz > 0);
+                                j = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
+                                if (j >= m->n_fds)
+                                        return -EBADMSG;
 
-                rindex = m->rindex;
-                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, align, sz, &q);
-                if (r <= 0)
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(int*) p = m->fds[j];
+
+                                break;
+                        }
+
+                        default:
+                                assert_not_reached("unexpected type");
+                        }
+                }
+
+                r = container_next_item(m, c, &rindex);
+                if (r < 0)
                         return r;
+        } else {
 
-                switch (type) {
+                rindex = m->rindex;
 
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE:
-                        if (p)
-                                *(uint8_t*) p = *(uint8_t*) q;
-                        break;
+                if (IN_SET(type, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH)) {
+                        uint32_t l;
+                        bool ok;
 
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
-                        if (p)
-                                *(int*) p = !!*(uint32_t*) q;
-                        break;
+                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 4, 4, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
 
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT16:
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT16:
-                        if (p)
-                                *(uint16_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP16(m, *(uint16_t*) q);
-                        break;
+                        l = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
+                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, l+1, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
 
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32:
-                        if (p)
-                                *(uint32_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
-                        break;
+                        if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH)
+                                ok = validate_object_path(q, l);
+                        else
+                                ok = validate_string(q, l);
+                        if (!ok)
+                                return -EBADMSG;
 
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64:
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE:
                         if (p)
-                                *(uint64_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP64(m, *(uint64_t*) q);
-                        break;
+                                *(const char**) p = q;
 
-                case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD: {
-                        uint32_t j;
+                } else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE) {
+                        uint8_t l;
+
+                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, 1, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        l = *(uint8_t*) q;
+                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, l+1, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
 
-                        j = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
-                        if (j >= m->n_fds)
+                        if (!validate_signature(q, l))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
                         if (p)
-                                *(int*) p = m->fds[j];
-                        break;
-                }
+                                *(const char**) p = q;
 
-                default:
-                        assert_not_reached("Unknown basic type...");
-                }
+                } else {
+                        ssize_t sz, align;
 
-                m->rindex = rindex;
+                        align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
+                        assert(align > 0);
 
-                break;
-        }
+                        sz = bus_type_get_size(type);
+                        assert(sz > 0);
+
+                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, align, sz, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        switch (type) {
+
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(uint8_t*) p = *(uint8_t*) q;
+                                break;
+
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(int*) p = !!*(uint32_t*) q;
+                                break;
+
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT16:
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT16:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(uint16_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP16(m, *(uint16_t*) q);
+                                break;
+
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(uint32_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
+                                break;
+
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64:
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE:
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(uint64_t*) p = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP64(m, *(uint64_t*) q);
+                                break;
+
+                        case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD: {
+                                uint32_t j;
+
+                                j = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q);
+                                if (j >= m->n_fds)
+                                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                                if (p)
+                                        *(int*) p = m->fds[j];
+                                break;
+                        }
+
+                        default:
+                                assert_not_reached("Unknown basic type...");
+                        }
+                }
         }
 
+        m->rindex = rindex;
+
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index++;
 
@@ -2830,7 +3343,10 @@ static int bus_message_enter_array(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
                 const char *contents,
-                uint32_t **array_size) {
+                uint32_t **array_size,
+                size_t *item_size,
+                size_t **offsets,
+                size_t *n_offsets) {
 
         size_t rindex;
         void *q;
@@ -2840,16 +3356,15 @@ static int bus_message_enter_array(
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
         assert(array_size);
+        assert(item_size);
+        assert(offsets);
+        assert(n_offsets);
 
         if (!signature_is_single(contents, true))
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        alignment = bus_type_get_alignment(contents[0]);
-        if (alignment < 0)
-                return alignment;
-
         if (!c->signature || c->signature[c->index] == 0)
-                return 0;
+                return -ENXIO;
 
         if (c->signature[c->index] != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 return -ENXIO;
@@ -2858,85 +3373,350 @@ static int bus_message_enter_array(
                 return -ENXIO;
 
         rindex = m->rindex;
-        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 4, 4, &q);
-        if (r <= 0)
-                return r;
 
-        if (BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q) > BUS_ARRAY_MAX_SIZE)
-                return -EBADMSG;
+        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                /* dbus1 */
 
-        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, alignment, 0, NULL);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-        if (r == 0)
-                return -EBADMSG;
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 4, 4, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                if (BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *(uint32_t*) q) > BUS_ARRAY_MAX_SIZE)
+                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                alignment = bus_type_get_alignment(contents[0]);
+                if (alignment < 0)
+                        return alignment;
+
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, alignment, 0, NULL);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                *array_size = (uint32_t*) q;
+
+        } else if (c->item_size <= 0) {
+
+                /* gvariant: empty array */
+                *item_size = 0;
+                *offsets = NULL;
+                *n_offsets = 0;
+
+        } else if (bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(contents)) {
+
+                /* gvariant: fixed length array */
+                *item_size = bus_gvariant_get_size(contents);
+                *offsets = NULL;
+                *n_offsets = 0;
+
+        } else {
+                size_t where, p = 0, framing, sz;
+                unsigned i;
+
+                /* gvariant: variable length array */
+                sz = determine_word_size(c->item_size, 0);
+
+                where = rindex + c->item_size - sz;
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &where, 1, sz, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                framing = read_word_le(q, sz);
+                if (framing > c->item_size - sz)
+                        return -EBADMSG;
+                if ((c->item_size - framing) % sz != 0)
+                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                *n_offsets = (c->item_size - framing) / sz;
+
+                where = rindex + framing;
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &where, 1, *n_offsets * sz, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                *offsets = new(size_t, *n_offsets);
+                if (!*offsets)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                for (i = 0; i < *n_offsets; i++) {
+                        size_t x;
+
+                        x = read_word_le((uint8_t*) q + i * sz, sz);
+                        if (x > c->item_size - sz)
+                                return -EBADMSG;
+                        if (x < p)
+                                return -EBADMSG;
+
+                        (*offsets)[i] = rindex + x;
+                        p = x;
+                }
+
+                *item_size = (*offsets)[0] - rindex;
+        }
+
+        m->rindex = rindex;
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
                 c->index += 1 + strlen(contents);
 
+        return 1;
+}
+
+static int bus_message_enter_variant(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                struct bus_container *c,
+                const char *contents,
+                size_t *item_size) {
+
+        size_t rindex;
+        uint8_t l;
+        void *q;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(c);
+        assert(contents);
+        assert(item_size);
+
+        if (!signature_is_single(contents, false))
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        if (*contents == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY_BEGIN)
+                return -EINVAL;
+
+        if (!c->signature || c->signature[c->index] == 0)
+                return -ENXIO;
+
+        if (c->signature[c->index] != SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
+                return -ENXIO;
+
+        rindex = m->rindex;
+
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                size_t k, where;
+
+                k = strlen(contents);
+                if (1+k > c->item_size)
+                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                where = rindex + c->item_size - (1+k);
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &where, 1, 1+k, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                if (*(char*) q != 0)
+                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                if (memcmp((uint8_t*) q+1, contents, k))
+                        return -ENXIO;
+
+                *item_size = c->item_size - (1+k);
+
+        } else {
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, 1, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                l = *(uint8_t*) q;
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, l+1, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                if (!validate_signature(q, l))
+                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                if (!streq(q, contents))
+                        return -ENXIO;
+        }
+
         m->rindex = rindex;
 
-        *array_size = (uint32_t*) q;
+        if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
+                c->index++;
 
         return 1;
 }
 
-static int bus_message_enter_variant(
+static int build_struct_offsets(
+                sd_bus_message *m,
+                const char *signature,
+                size_t size,
+                size_t *item_size,
+                size_t **offsets,
+                size_t *n_offsets) {
+
+        unsigned n_variable = 0, n_total = 0, v;
+        size_t previous = 0, where;
+        const char *p;
+        size_t sz;
+        void *q;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(item_size);
+        assert(offsets);
+        assert(n_offsets);
+
+        if (isempty(signature)) {
+                *item_size = 0;
+                *offsets = NULL;
+                *n_offsets = 0;
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        sz = determine_word_size(size, 0);
+        if (sz <= 0)
+                return -EBADMSG;
+
+        /* First, loop over signature and count variable elements and
+         * elements in general. We use this to know how large the
+         * offset array is at the end of the structure. Note that
+         * GVariant only stores offsets for all variable size elements
+         * that are not the last item. */
+
+        p = signature;
+        while (*p != 0) {
+                size_t n;
+
+                r = signature_element_length(p, &n);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                else {
+                        char t[n+1];
+
+                        memcpy(t, p, n);
+                        t[n] = 0;
+
+                        r = bus_gvariant_is_fixed_size(t);
+                }
+
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                if (r == 0 && p[n] != 0) /* except the last item */
+                        n_variable ++;
+                n_total++;
+
+                p += n;
+        }
+
+        if (size < n_variable * sz)
+                return -EBADMSG;
+
+        where = m->rindex + size - (n_variable * sz);
+        r = message_peek_body(m, &where, 1, n_variable * sz, &q);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        v = n_variable;
+
+        *offsets = new(size_t, n_total);
+        if (!*offsets)
+                return -ENOMEM;
+
+        *n_offsets = 0;
+
+        /* Second, loop again and build an offset table */
+        p = signature;
+        while (*p != 0) {
+                size_t n, offset;
+                int k;
+
+                r = signature_element_length(p, &n);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                else {
+                        char t[n+1];
+
+                        memcpy(t, p, n);
+                        t[n] = 0;
+
+                        k = bus_gvariant_get_size(t);
+                        if (k < 0) {
+                                size_t x;
+
+                                /* variable size */
+                                if (v > 0) {
+                                        v--;
+
+                                        x = read_word_le((uint8_t*) q + v*sz, sz);
+                                        if (x >= size)
+                                                return -EBADMSG;
+                                        if (m->rindex + x < previous)
+                                                return -EBADMSG;
+                                } else
+                                        /* The last item's end
+                                         * is determined from
+                                         * the start of the
+                                         * offset array */
+                                        x = size - (n_variable * sz);
+
+                                offset = m->rindex + x;
+
+                        } else {
+                                size_t align;
+
+                                /* fixed size */
+                                align = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(t);
+                                assert(align > 0);
+
+                                offset = (*n_offsets == 0 ? m->rindex  : ALIGN_TO((*offsets)[*n_offsets-1], align)) + k;
+                        }
+                }
+
+                previous = (*offsets)[(*n_offsets)++] = offset;
+                p += n;
+        }
+
+        assert(v == 0);
+        assert(*n_offsets == n_total);
+
+        *item_size = (*offsets)[0] - m->rindex;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int enter_struct_or_dict_entry(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
-                const char *contents) {
+                const char *contents,
+                size_t *item_size,
+                size_t **offsets,
+                size_t *n_offsets) {
 
-        size_t rindex;
-        uint8_t l;
-        void *q;
         int r;
 
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
+        assert(item_size);
+        assert(offsets);
+        assert(n_offsets);
 
-        if (!signature_is_single(contents, false))
-                return -EINVAL;
-
-        if (*contents == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY_BEGIN)
-                return -EINVAL;
-
-        if (!c->signature || c->signature[c->index] == 0)
-                return 0;
-
-        if (c->signature[c->index] != SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
-                return -ENXIO;
-
-        rindex = m->rindex;
-        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, 1, &q);
-        if (r <= 0)
-                return r;
-
-        l = *(uint8_t*) q;
-        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, l+1, &q);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-        if (r == 0)
-                return -EBADMSG;
-
-        if (!validate_signature(q, l))
-                return -EBADMSG;
+        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
 
-        if (!streq(q, contents))
-                return -ENXIO;
+                /* dbus1 */
+                r = message_peek_body(m, &m->rindex, 8, 0, NULL);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
 
-        if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                c->index++;
+        } else if (c->item_size <= 0) {
 
-        m->rindex = rindex;
+                /* gvariant empty struct */
+                *item_size = 0;
+                *offsets = NULL;
+                *n_offsets = 0;
+        } else
+                /* gvariant with contents */
+                return build_struct_offsets(m, contents, c->item_size, item_size, offsets, n_offsets);
 
-        return 1;
+        return 0;
 }
 
 static int bus_message_enter_struct(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
-                const char *contents) {
+                const char *contents,
+                size_t *item_size,
+                size_t **offsets,
+                size_t *n_offsets) {
 
         size_t l;
         int r;
@@ -2944,12 +3724,15 @@ static int bus_message_enter_struct(
         assert(m);
         assert(c);
         assert(contents);
+        assert(item_size);
+        assert(offsets);
+        assert(n_offsets);
 
         if (!signature_is_valid(contents, false))
                 return -EINVAL;
 
         if (!c->signature || c->signature[c->index] == 0)
-                return 0;
+                return -ENXIO;
 
         l = strlen(contents);
 
@@ -2958,8 +3741,8 @@ static int bus_message_enter_struct(
             c->signature[c->index + 1 + l] != SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT_END)
                 return -ENXIO;
 
-        r = message_peek_body(m, &m->rindex, 8, 0, NULL);
-        if (r <= 0)
+        r = enter_struct_or_dict_entry(m, c, contents, item_size, offsets, n_offsets);
+        if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
@@ -2971,7 +3754,10 @@ static int bus_message_enter_struct(
 static int bus_message_enter_dict_entry(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 struct bus_container *c,
-                const char *contents) {
+                const char *contents,
+                size_t *item_size,
+                size_t **offsets,
+                size_t *n_offsets) {
 
         size_t l;
         int r;
@@ -2996,8 +3782,8 @@ static int bus_message_enter_dict_entry(
             c->signature[c->index + 1 + l] != SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY_END)
                 return -ENXIO;
 
-        r = message_peek_body(m, &m->rindex, 8, 0, NULL);
-        if (r <= 0)
+        r = enter_struct_or_dict_entry(m, c, contents, item_size, offsets, n_offsets);
+        if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
         if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
@@ -3013,6 +3799,8 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m,
         uint32_t *array_size = NULL;
         char *signature;
         size_t before;
+        size_t *offsets = NULL;
+        size_t n_offsets = 0, item_size = 0;
         int r;
 
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
@@ -3025,7 +3813,7 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m,
 
                 /* Allow entering into anonymous containers */
                 r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &tt, &cc);
-                if (r <= 0)
+                if (r < 0)
                         return r;
 
                 if (type != 0 && type != tt)
@@ -3078,18 +3866,19 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m,
         before = m->rindex;
 
         if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY)
-                r = bus_message_enter_array(m, c, contents, &array_size);
+                r = bus_message_enter_array(m, c, contents, &array_size, &item_size, &offsets, &n_offsets);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
-                r = bus_message_enter_variant(m, c, contents);
+                r = bus_message_enter_variant(m, c, contents, &item_size);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
-                r = bus_message_enter_struct(m, c, contents);
+                r = bus_message_enter_struct(m, c, contents, &item_size, &offsets, &n_offsets);
         else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)
-                r = bus_message_enter_dict_entry(m, c, contents);
+                r = bus_message_enter_dict_entry(m, c, contents, &item_size, &offsets, &n_offsets);
         else
                 r = -EINVAL;
 
         if (r <= 0) {
                 free(signature);
+                free(offsets);
                 return r;
         }
 
@@ -3098,36 +3887,61 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m,
         w->enclosing = type;
         w->signature = signature;
         w->index = 0;
-        w->array_size = array_size;
+
         w->before = before;
         w->begin = m->rindex;
+        w->end = m->rindex + c->item_size;
+
+        w->array_size = array_size;
+        w->item_size = item_size;
+        w->offsets = offsets;
+        w->n_offsets = n_offsets;
+        w->offset_index = 0;
 
         return 1;
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_exit_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
         struct bus_container *c;
+        unsigned saved;
+        int r;
 
         assert_return(m, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(m->sealed, -EPERM);
         assert_return(m->n_containers > 0, -ENXIO);
 
         c = message_get_container(m);
-        if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY) {
+
+        if (c->enclosing != SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY) {
+                if (c->signature && c->signature[c->index] != 0)
+                        return -EBUSY;
+        }
+
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                if (m->rindex < c->end)
+                        return -EBUSY;
+
+        } else if (c->enclosing == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY) {
                 uint32_t l;
 
                 l = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *c->array_size);
                 if (c->begin + l != m->rindex)
                         return -EBUSY;
-
-        } else {
-                if (c->signature && c->signature[c->index] != 0)
-                        return -EBUSY;
         }
 
         free(c->signature);
+        free(c->offsets);
         m->n_containers--;
 
+        c = message_get_container(m);
+
+        saved = c->index;
+        c->index = c->saved_index;
+        r = container_next_item(m, c, &m->rindex);
+        c->index = saved;
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         return 1;
 }
 
@@ -3146,6 +3960,7 @@ static void message_quit_container(sd_bus_message *m) {
 
         /* Free container */
         free(c->signature);
+        free(c->offsets);
         m->n_containers--;
 
         /* Correct index of new top-level container */
@@ -3234,27 +4049,62 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_peek_type(sd_bus_message *m, char *type, const char
 
         if (c->signature[c->index] == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT) {
                 if (contents) {
-                        size_t rindex, l;
                         void *q;
 
-                        rindex = m->rindex;
-                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, 1, &q);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return r;
-                        if (r == 0)
-                                goto eof;
+                        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                                size_t k;
 
-                        l = *(uint8_t*) q;
-                        r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, l+1, &q);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return r;
-                        if (r == 0)
-                                return -EBADMSG;
+                                if (c->item_size < 2)
+                                        return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        if (!validate_signature(q, l))
-                                return -EBADMSG;
+                                /* Look for the NUL delimiter that
+                                   separates the payload from the
+                                   signature. Since the body might be
+                                   in a different part that then the
+                                   signature we map byte by byte. */
+
+                                for (k = 2; k <= c->item_size; k++) {
+                                        size_t where;
+
+                                        where = m->rindex + c->item_size - k;
+                                        r = message_peek_body(m, &where, 1, k, &q);
+                                        if (r < 0)
+                                                return r;
+
+                                        if (*(char*) q == 0)
+                                                break;
+                                }
+
+                                if (k > c->item_size)
+                                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                                free(m->peeked_signature);
+                                m->peeked_signature = strndup((char*) q + 1, k - 1);
+                                if (!m->peeked_signature)
+                                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                                if (!signature_is_valid(m->peeked_signature, true))
+                                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                                *contents = m->peeked_signature;
+                        } else {
+                                size_t rindex, l;
+
+                                rindex = m->rindex;
+                                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, 1, &q);
+                                if (r < 0)
+                                        return r;
+
+                                l = *(uint8_t*) q;
+                                r = message_peek_body(m, &rindex, 1, l+1, &q);
+                                if (r < 0)
+                                        return r;
 
-                        *contents = q;
+                                if (!validate_signature(q, l))
+                                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                                *contents = q;
+                        }
                 }
 
                 if (type)
@@ -3282,16 +4132,19 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_rewind(sd_bus_message *m, int complete) {
         if (complete) {
                 message_reset_containers(m);
                 m->rindex = 0;
-                m->root_container.index = 0;
 
                 c = message_get_container(m);
         } else {
                 c = message_get_container(m);
 
+                c->offset_index = 0;
                 c->index = 0;
                 m->rindex = c->begin;
         }
 
+        c->offset_index = 0;
+        c->item_size = c->n_offsets > 0 ? c->offsets[0] : c->end;
+
         return !isempty(c->signature);
 }
 
@@ -3667,16 +4520,25 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_read_array(sd_bus_message *m,
         assert_return(size, -EINVAL);
         assert_return(!BUS_MESSAGE_NEED_BSWAP(m), -ENOTSUP);
 
-        align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
-        if (align < 0)
-                return align;
-
         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, CHAR_TO_STR(type));
         if (r <= 0)
                 return r;
 
         c = message_get_container(m);
-        sz = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *c->array_size);
+
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                align = bus_gvariant_get_alignment(CHAR_TO_STR(type));
+                if (align < 0)
+                        return align;
+
+                sz = c->end - c->begin;
+        } else {
+                align = bus_type_get_alignment(type);
+                if (align < 0)
+                        return align;
+
+                sz = BUS_MESSAGE_BSWAP32(m, *c->array_size);
+        }
 
         if (sz == 0)
                 /* Zero length array, let's return some aligned
@@ -3686,10 +4548,6 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_read_array(sd_bus_message *m,
                 r = message_peek_body(m, &m->rindex, align, sz, &p);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fail;
-                if (r == 0) {
-                        r = -EBADMSG;
-                        goto fail;
-                }
         }
 
         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
@@ -3723,6 +4581,7 @@ static int message_peek_fields(
 static int message_peek_field_uint32(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 size_t *ri,
+                size_t item_size,
                 uint32_t *ret) {
 
         int r;
@@ -3731,6 +4590,11 @@ static int message_peek_field_uint32(
         assert(m);
         assert(ri);
 
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m) && item_size != 4)
+                return -EBADMSG;
+
+        /* identical for gvariant and dbus1 */
+
         r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 4, 4, &q);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
@@ -3745,6 +4609,7 @@ static int message_peek_field_string(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 bool (*validate)(const char *p),
                 size_t *ri,
+                size_t item_size,
                 const char **ret) {
 
         uint32_t l;
@@ -3754,13 +4619,25 @@ static int message_peek_field_string(
         assert(m);
         assert(ri);
 
-        r = message_peek_field_uint32(m, ri, &l);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
 
-        r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 1, l+1, &q);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
+                if (item_size <= 0)
+                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 1, item_size, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                l = item_size - 1;
+        } else {
+                r = message_peek_field_uint32(m, ri, 4, &l);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 1, l+1, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+        }
 
         if (validate) {
                 if (!validate_nul(q, l))
@@ -3782,6 +4659,7 @@ static int message_peek_field_string(
 static int message_peek_field_signature(
                 sd_bus_message *m,
                 size_t *ri,
+                size_t item_size,
                 const char **ret) {
 
         size_t l;
@@ -3791,14 +4669,26 @@ static int message_peek_field_signature(
         assert(m);
         assert(ri);
 
-        r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 1, 1, &q);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
 
-        l = *(uint8_t*) q;
-        r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 1, l+1, &q);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
+                if (item_size <= 0)
+                        return -EBADMSG;
+
+                r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 1, item_size, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                l = item_size - 1;
+        } else {
+                r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 1, 1, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                l = *(uint8_t*) q;
+                r = message_peek_fields(m, ri, 1, l+1, &q);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+        }
 
         if (!validate_signature(q, l))
                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3821,6 +4711,7 @@ static int message_skip_fields(
         assert(m);
         assert(ri);
         assert(signature);
+        assert(!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m));
 
         original_index = *ri;
 
@@ -3838,7 +4729,7 @@ static int message_skip_fields(
 
                 if (t == SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, NULL, ri, NULL);
+                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, NULL, ri, 0, NULL);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
 
@@ -3846,7 +4737,7 @@ static int message_skip_fields(
 
                 } else if (t == SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH) {
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, object_path_is_valid, ri, NULL);
+                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, object_path_is_valid, ri, 0, NULL);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
 
@@ -3854,7 +4745,7 @@ static int message_skip_fields(
 
                 } else if (t == SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE) {
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_signature(m, ri, NULL);
+                        r = message_peek_field_signature(m, ri, 0, NULL);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
 
@@ -3892,7 +4783,7 @@ static int message_skip_fields(
                                 if (alignment < 0)
                                         return alignment;
 
-                                r = message_peek_field_uint32(m, ri, &nas);
+                                r = message_peek_field_uint32(m, ri, 0, &nas);
                                 if (r < 0)
                                         return r;
                                 if (nas > BUS_ARRAY_MAX_SIZE)
@@ -3912,7 +4803,7 @@ static int message_skip_fields(
                 } else if (t == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT) {
                         const char *s;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_signature(m, ri, &s);
+                        r = message_peek_field_signature(m, ri, 0, &s);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
 
@@ -3950,26 +4841,98 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
         size_t ri;
         int r;
         uint32_t unix_fds = 0;
+        void *offsets = NULL;
+        unsigned n_offsets = 0;
+        size_t sz = 0;
+        unsigned i = 0;
 
         assert(m);
 
-        for (ri = 0; ri < BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m); ) {
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                void *q;
+
+                sz = determine_word_size(BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m), 0);
+                if (sz > 0) {
+                        size_t framing;
+
+                        ri = BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m) - sz;
+                        r = message_peek_fields(m, &ri, 1, sz, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        framing = read_word_le(q, sz);
+                        if (framing >= BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m) - sz)
+                                return -EBADMSG;
+                        if ((BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m) - framing) % sz != 0)
+                                return -EBADMSG;
+
+                        ri = framing;
+                        r = message_peek_fields(m, &ri, 1, BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m) - framing, &offsets);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        n_offsets = (BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m) - framing) / sz;
+                }
+        }
+
+        ri = 0;
+        while (ri < BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m)) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *sig = NULL;
                 const char *signature;
                 uint8_t *header;
+                size_t item_size = (size_t) -1;
+
+                if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                        if (i >= n_offsets)
+                                break;
+
+                        if (i == 0)
+                                ri = 0;
+                        else
+                                ri = ALIGN_TO(read_word_le((uint8_t*) offsets + (i-1)*sz, sz), 8);
+                }
 
                 r = message_peek_fields(m, &ri, 8, 1, (void**) &header);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
 
-                r = message_peek_field_signature(m, &ri, &signature);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
+                if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                        size_t where, end;
+                        char *b;
+                        void *q;
+
+                        end = read_word_le((uint8_t*) offsets + i*sz, sz);
+
+                        if (end < ri)
+                                return -EBADMSG;
+
+                        where = ri = ALIGN_TO(ri, 8);
+                        item_size = end - ri;
+                        r = message_peek_fields(m, &where, 1, item_size, &q);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+
+                        b = memrchr(q, 0, item_size);
+                        if (!b)
+                                return -EBADMSG;
+
+                        sig = strndup(b+1, item_size - (b+1-(char*) q));
+                        if (!sig)
+                                return -ENOMEM;
+
+                        signature = sig;
+                        item_size = b - (char*) q;
+                } else {
+                        r = message_peek_field_signature(m, &ri, 0, &signature);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+                }
 
                 switch (*header) {
-                case _SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INVALID:
+                case _BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INVALID:
                         return -EBADMSG;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_PATH:
 
                         if (m->path)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3977,10 +4940,10 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         if (!streq(signature, "o"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, object_path_is_valid, &ri, &m->path);
+                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, object_path_is_valid, &ri, item_size, &m->path);
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_INTERFACE:
 
                         if (m->interface)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3988,10 +4951,10 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         if (!streq(signature, "s"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, interface_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->interface);
+                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, interface_name_is_valid, &ri, item_size, &m->interface);
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_MEMBER:
 
                         if (m->member)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -3999,10 +4962,10 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         if (!streq(signature, "s"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, member_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->member);
+                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, member_name_is_valid, &ri, item_size, &m->member);
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_ERROR_NAME:
 
                         if (m->error.name)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -4010,10 +4973,13 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         if (!streq(signature, "s"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, error_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->error.name);
+                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, error_name_is_valid, &ri, item_size, &m->error.name);
+                        if (r >= 0)
+                                m->error._need_free = -1;
+
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION:
 
                         if (m->destination)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -4021,10 +4987,10 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         if (!streq(signature, "s"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, sender_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->destination);
+                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, service_name_is_valid, &ri, item_size, &m->destination);
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SENDER:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SENDER:
 
                         if (m->sender)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
@@ -4032,11 +4998,17 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         if (!streq(signature, "s"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, sender_name_is_valid, &ri, &m->sender);
+                        r = message_peek_field_string(m, service_name_is_valid, &ri, item_size, &m->sender);
+
+                        if (r >= 0 && m->sender[0] == ':' && m->bus && m->bus->bus_client && !m->bus->is_kernel) {
+                                m->creds.unique_name = (char*) m->sender;
+                                m->creds.mask |= SD_BUS_CREDS_UNIQUE_NAME & m->bus->creds_mask;
+                        }
+
                         break;
 
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SIGNATURE: {
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SIGNATURE: {
                         const char *s;
                         char *c;
 
@@ -4046,7 +5018,7 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         if (!streq(signature, "g"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_signature(m, &ri, &s);
+                        r = message_peek_field_signature(m, &ri, item_size, &s);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
 
@@ -4059,14 +5031,14 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         break;
                 }
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_REPLY_SERIAL:
                         if (m->reply_serial != 0)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
                         if (!streq(signature, "u"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_uint32(m, &ri, &m->reply_serial);
+                        r = message_peek_field_uint32(m, &ri, item_size, &m->reply_serial);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
 
@@ -4075,14 +5047,14 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
 
                         break;
 
-                case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_UNIX_FDS:
+                case BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_UNIX_FDS:
                         if (unix_fds != 0)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
                         if (!streq(signature, "u"))
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-                        r = message_peek_field_uint32(m, &ri, &unix_fds);
+                        r = message_peek_field_uint32(m, &ri, item_size, &unix_fds);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return -EBADMSG;
 
@@ -4092,19 +5064,19 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                         break;
 
                 default:
-                        r = message_skip_fields(m, &ri, (uint32_t) -1, (const char **) &signature);
+                        if (!BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m))
+                                r = message_skip_fields(m, &ri, (uint32_t) -1, (const char **) &signature);
                 }
 
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
+
+                i++;
         }
 
         if (m->n_fds != unix_fds)
                 return -EBADMSG;
 
-        if (isempty(m->root_container.signature) != (BUS_MESSAGE_BODY_SIZE(m) == 0))
-                return -EBADMSG;
-
         switch (m->header->type) {
 
         case SD_BUS_MESSAGE_SIGNAL:
@@ -4132,67 +5104,23 @@ int bus_message_parse_fields(sd_bus_message *m) {
                 break;
         }
 
-        /* Try to read the error message, but if we can't it's a non-issue */
-        if (m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR)
-                sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &m->error.message);
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
-int bus_message_seal(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t serial) {
-        struct bus_body_part *part;
-        size_t l, a;
-        unsigned i;
-        int r;
-
-        assert(m);
-
-        if (m->sealed)
-                return -EPERM;
-
-        if (m->n_containers > 0)
-                return -EBADMSG;
-
-        if (m->poisoned)
-                return -ESTALE;
-
-        /* If there's a non-trivial signature set, then add it in here */
-        if (!isempty(m->root_container.signature)) {
-                r = message_append_field_signature(m, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_SIGNATURE, m->root_container.signature, NULL);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
+        m->root_container.end = BUS_MESSAGE_BODY_SIZE(m);
 
-        if (m->n_fds > 0) {
-                r = message_append_field_uint32(m, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_UNIX_FDS, m->n_fds);
+        if (BUS_MESSAGE_IS_GVARIANT(m)) {
+                r = build_struct_offsets(
+                                m,
+                                m->root_container.signature,
+                                BUS_MESSAGE_BODY_SIZE(m),
+                                &m->root_container.item_size,
+                                &m->root_container.offsets,
+                                &m->root_container.n_offsets);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
         }
 
-        /* Add padding at the end of the fields part, since we know
-         * the body needs to start at an 8 byte alignment. We made
-         * sure we allocated enough space for this, so all we need to
-         * do here is to zero it out. */
-        l = BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS_SIZE(m);
-        a = ALIGN8(l) - l;
-        if (a > 0)
-                memset((uint8_t*) BUS_MESSAGE_FIELDS(m) + l, 0, a);
-
-        /* If this is something we can send as memfd, then let's seal
-        the memfd now. Note that we can send memfds as payload only
-        for directed messages, and not for broadcasts. */
-        if (m->destination && m->bus && m->bus->use_memfd) {
-                MESSAGE_FOREACH_PART(part, i, m)
-                        if (part->memfd >= 0 && !part->sealed && (part->size > MEMFD_MIN_SIZE || m->bus->use_memfd < 0)) {
-                                bus_body_part_unmap(part);
-
-                                if (ioctl(part->memfd, KDBUS_CMD_MEMFD_SEAL_SET, 1) >= 0)
-                                        part->sealed = true;
-                        }
-        }
-
-        m->header->serial = serial;
-        m->sealed = true;
+        /* Try to read the error message, but if we can't it's a non-issue */
+        if (m->header->type == SD_BUS_MESSAGE_METHOD_ERROR)
+                sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &m->error.message);
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -4203,7 +5131,7 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_set_destination(sd_bus_message *m, const char *desti
         assert_return(!m->sealed, -EPERM);
         assert_return(!m->destination, -EEXIST);
 
-        return message_append_field_string(m, SD_BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, destination, &m->destination);
+        return message_append_field_string(m, BUS_MESSAGE_HEADER_DESTINATION, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING, destination, &m->destination);
 }
 
 int bus_message_get_blob(sd_bus_message *m, void **buffer, size_t *sz) {
@@ -4324,7 +5252,7 @@ bool bus_header_is_complete(struct bus_header *h, size_t size) {
                 return false;
 
         full = sizeof(struct bus_header) +
-                (h->endian == SD_BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN ? h->fields_size : bswap_32(h->fields_size));
+                (h->endian == BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN ? h->fields_size : bswap_32(h->fields_size));
 
         return size >= full;
 }
@@ -4335,10 +5263,10 @@ int bus_header_message_size(struct bus_header *h, size_t *sum) {
         assert(h);
         assert(sum);
 
-        if (h->endian == SD_BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN) {
+        if (h->endian == BUS_NATIVE_ENDIAN) {
                 fs = h->fields_size;
                 bs = h->body_size;
-        } else if (h->endian == SD_BUS_REVERSE_ENDIAN) {
+        } else if (h->endian == BUS_REVERSE_ENDIAN) {
                 fs = bswap_32(h->fields_size);
                 bs = bswap_32(h->body_size);
         } else
@@ -4363,7 +5291,7 @@ _public_ const char* sd_bus_message_get_signature(sd_bus_message *m, int complet
         assert_return(m, NULL);
 
         c = complete ? &m->root_container : message_get_container(m);
-        return c->signature ?: "";
+        return strempty(c->signature);
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_bus_message_copy(sd_bus_message *m, sd_bus_message *source, int all) {
@@ -4469,3 +5397,9 @@ _public_ int sd_bus_message_verify_type(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const char
 
         return 1;
 }
+
+_public_ sd_bus *sd_bus_message_get_bus(sd_bus_message *m) {
+        assert_return(m, NULL);
+
+        return m->bus;
+}