chiark / gitweb /
journald: flush /run to /var as soon as it becomes available
[elogind.git] / src / journal / journald.c
index d35e1c119ab5984604471f1ed08b240ecadc93c7..1efe0420dbdb869b35a12841c3f6d95023c333a2 100644 (file)
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <linux/sockios.h>
+#include <sys/statvfs.h>
 
 #include "hashmap.h"
 #include "journal-file.h"
 #include "socket-util.h"
 #include "acl-util.h"
 #include "cgroup-util.h"
+#include "list.h"
+#include "journal-rate-limit.h"
+#include "sd-journal.h"
+#include "journal-internal.h"
 
 #define USER_JOURNALS_MAX 1024
+#define STDOUT_STREAMS_MAX 4096
+
+#define DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_INTERVAL (10*USEC_PER_SEC)
+#define DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_BURST 200
+
+#define RECHECK_AVAILABLE_SPACE_USEC (30*USEC_PER_SEC)
+
+typedef struct StdoutStream StdoutStream;
 
 typedef struct Server {
         int epoll_fd;
         int signal_fd;
         int syslog_fd;
         int native_fd;
+        int stdout_fd;
 
         JournalFile *runtime_journal;
         JournalFile *system_journal;
@@ -55,11 +69,125 @@ typedef struct Server {
         char *buffer;
         size_t buffer_size;
 
+        JournalRateLimit *rate_limit;
+
         JournalMetrics metrics;
         uint64_t max_use;
         bool compress;
+
+        uint64_t cached_available_space;
+        usec_t cached_available_space_timestamp;
+
+        LIST_HEAD(StdoutStream, stdout_streams);
+        unsigned n_stdout_streams;
 } Server;
 
+typedef enum StdoutStreamState {
+        STDOUT_STREAM_TAG,
+        STDOUT_STREAM_PRIORITY,
+        STDOUT_STREAM_PRIORITY_PREFIX,
+        STDOUT_STREAM_TEE_CONSOLE,
+        STDOUT_STREAM_RUNNING
+} StdoutStreamState;
+
+struct StdoutStream {
+        Server *server;
+        StdoutStreamState state;
+
+        int fd;
+
+        struct ucred ucred;
+
+        char *tag;
+        int priority;
+        bool priority_prefix:1;
+        bool tee_console:1;
+
+        char buffer[LINE_MAX+1];
+        size_t length;
+
+        LIST_FIELDS(StdoutStream, stdout_stream);
+};
+
+static int server_flush_to_var(Server *s);
+
+static uint64_t available_space(Server *s) {
+        char ids[33];
+        sd_id128_t machine;
+        char *p;
+        const char *f;
+        struct statvfs ss;
+        uint64_t sum = 0, avail = 0, ss_avail = 0;
+        int r;
+        DIR *d;
+        usec_t ts = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+
+        if (s->cached_available_space_timestamp + RECHECK_AVAILABLE_SPACE_USEC > ts)
+                return s->cached_available_space;
+
+        r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (s->system_journal)
+                f = "/var/log/journal/";
+        else
+                f = "/run/log/journal/";
+
+        p = strappend(f, sd_id128_to_string(machine, ids));
+        if (!p)
+                return 0;
+
+        d = opendir(p);
+        free(p);
+
+        if (!d)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (fstatvfs(dirfd(d), &ss) < 0)
+                goto finish;
+
+        for (;;) {
+                struct stat st;
+                struct dirent buf, *de;
+                int k;
+
+                k = readdir_r(d, &buf, &de);
+                if (k != 0) {
+                        r = -k;
+                        goto finish;
+                }
+
+                if (!de)
+                        break;
+
+                if (!dirent_is_file_with_suffix(de, ".journal"))
+                        continue;
+
+                if (fstatat(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0)
+                        continue;
+
+                sum += (uint64_t) st.st_blocks * (uint64_t) st.st_blksize;
+        }
+
+        avail = sum >= s->max_use ? 0 : s->max_use - sum;
+
+        ss_avail = ss.f_bsize * ss.f_bavail;
+
+        ss_avail = ss_avail < s->metrics.keep_free ? 0 : ss_avail - s->metrics.keep_free;
+
+        if (ss_avail < avail)
+                avail = ss_avail;
+
+        s->cached_available_space = avail;
+        s->cached_available_space_timestamp = ts;
+
+finish:
+        closedir(d);
+
+        return avail;
+}
+
 static void fix_perms(JournalFile *f, uid_t uid) {
         acl_t acl;
         acl_entry_t entry;
@@ -115,8 +243,12 @@ static JournalFile* find_journal(Server *s, uid_t uid) {
 
         assert(s);
 
-        /* We split up user logs only on /var, not on /run */
-        if (!s->system_journal)
+        /* We split up user logs only on /var, not on /run. If the
+         * runtime file is open, we write to it exclusively, in order
+         * to guarantee proper order as soon as we flush /run to
+         * /var and close the runtime file. */
+
+        if (s->runtime_journal)
                 return s->runtime_journal;
 
         if (uid <= 0)
@@ -217,9 +349,44 @@ static void server_vacuum(Server *s) {
         if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT)
                 log_error("Failed to vacuum %s: %s", p, strerror(-r));
         free(p);
+
+        s->cached_available_space_timestamp = 0;
+}
+
+static char *shortened_cgroup_path(pid_t pid) {
+        int r;
+        char *process_path, *init_path, *path;
+
+        assert(pid > 0);
+
+        r = cg_get_by_pid(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, pid, &process_path);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return NULL;
+
+        r = cg_get_by_pid(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, 1, &init_path);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                free(process_path);
+                return NULL;
+        }
+
+        if (streq(init_path, "/"))
+                init_path[0] = 0;
+
+        if (startswith(process_path, init_path))
+                path = process_path + strlen(init_path);
+        else
+                path = process_path;
+
+        free(init_path);
+
+        return path;
 }
 
-static void dispatch_message(Server *s, struct iovec *iovec, unsigned n, unsigned m, struct ucred *ucred, struct timeval *tv) {
+static void dispatch_message_real(Server *s,
+                             struct iovec *iovec, unsigned n, unsigned m,
+                             struct ucred *ucred,
+                             struct timeval *tv) {
+
         char *pid = NULL, *uid = NULL, *gid = NULL,
                 *source_time = NULL, *boot_id = NULL, *machine_id = NULL,
                 *comm = NULL, *cmdline = NULL, *hostname = NULL,
@@ -235,11 +402,8 @@ static void dispatch_message(Server *s, struct iovec *iovec, unsigned n, unsigne
         bool vacuumed = false;
 
         assert(s);
-        assert(iovec || n == 0);
-
-        if (n == 0)
-                return;
-
+        assert(iovec);
+        assert(n > 0);
         assert(n + 13 <= m);
 
         if (ucred) {
@@ -291,11 +455,12 @@ static void dispatch_message(Server *s, struct iovec *iovec, unsigned n, unsigne
                         if (asprintf(&audit_loginuid, "_AUDIT_LOGINUID=%lu", (unsigned long) loginuid) >= 0)
                                 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], audit_loginuid);
 
-                r = cg_get_by_pid(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, ucred->pid, &path);
-                if (r >= 0) {
+                path = shortened_cgroup_path(ucred->pid);
+                if (path) {
                         cgroup = strappend("_SYSTEMD_CGROUP=", path);
                         if (cgroup)
                                 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], cgroup);
+
                         free(path);
                 }
         }
@@ -329,6 +494,8 @@ static void dispatch_message(Server *s, struct iovec *iovec, unsigned n, unsigne
 
         assert(n <= m);
 
+        server_flush_to_var(s);
+
 retry:
         f = find_journal(s, realuid == 0 ? 0 : loginuid);
         if (!f)
@@ -363,7 +530,72 @@ retry:
         free(audit_session);
         free(audit_loginuid);
         free(cgroup);
+}
+
+static void dispatch_message(Server *s,
+                             struct iovec *iovec, unsigned n, unsigned m,
+                             struct ucred *ucred,
+                             struct timeval *tv,
+                             int priority) {
+        int rl;
+        char *path, *c;
+
+        assert(s);
+        assert(iovec || n == 0);
+
+        if (n == 0)
+                return;
+
+        if (!ucred)
+                goto finish;
+
+        path = shortened_cgroup_path(ucred->pid);
+        if (!path)
+                goto finish;
+
+        /* example: /user/lennart/3/foobar
+         *          /system/dbus.service/foobar
+         *
+         * So let's cut of everything past the third /, since that is
+         * wher user directories start */
+
+        c = strchr(path, '/');
+        if (c) {
+                c = strchr(c+1, '/');
+                if (c) {
+                        c = strchr(c+1, '/');
+                        if (c)
+                                *c = 0;
+                }
+        }
 
+        rl = journal_rate_limit_test(s->rate_limit, path, priority, available_space(s));
+
+        if (rl == 0) {
+                free(path);
+                return;
+        }
+
+        if (rl > 1) {
+                int j = 0;
+                char suppress_message[LINE_MAX];
+                struct iovec suppress_iovec[15];
+
+                /* Write a suppression message if we suppressed something */
+
+                snprintf(suppress_message, sizeof(suppress_message), "MESSAGE=Suppressed %u messages from %s", rl - 1, path);
+                char_array_0(suppress_message);
+
+                IOVEC_SET_STRING(suppress_iovec[j++], "PRIORITY=5");
+                IOVEC_SET_STRING(suppress_iovec[j++], suppress_message);
+
+                dispatch_message_real(s, suppress_iovec, j, ELEMENTSOF(suppress_iovec), NULL, NULL);
+        }
+
+        free(path);
+
+finish:
+        dispatch_message_real(s, iovec, n, m, ucred, tv);
 }
 
 static void process_syslog_message(Server *s, const char *buf, struct ucred *ucred, struct timeval *tv) {
@@ -388,7 +620,7 @@ static void process_syslog_message(Server *s, const char *buf, struct ucred *ucr
         if (message)
                 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], message);
 
-        dispatch_message(s, iovec, n, ELEMENTSOF(iovec), ucred, tv);
+        dispatch_message(s, iovec, n, ELEMENTSOF(iovec), ucred, tv, priority & LOG_PRIMASK);
 
         free(message);
         free(syslog_facility);
@@ -435,6 +667,7 @@ static void process_native_message(Server *s, const void *buffer, size_t buffer_
         unsigned n = 0, m = 0, j;
         const char *p;
         size_t remaining;
+        int priority = LOG_INFO;
 
         assert(s);
         assert(buffer || n == 0);
@@ -455,8 +688,9 @@ static void process_native_message(Server *s, const void *buffer, size_t buffer_
 
                 if (e == p) {
                         /* Entry separator */
-                        dispatch_message(s, iovec, n, m, ucred, tv);
+                        dispatch_message(s, iovec, n, m, ucred, tv, priority);
                         n = 0;
+                        priority = LOG_INFO;
 
                         p++;
                         remaining--;
@@ -498,6 +732,15 @@ static void process_native_message(Server *s, const void *buffer, size_t buffer_
                                 iovec[n].iov_base = (char*) p;
                                 iovec[n].iov_len = e - p;
                                 n++;
+
+                                /* We need to determine the priority
+                                 * of this entry for the rate limiting
+                                 * logic */
+                                if (e - p == 10 &&
+                                    memcmp(p, "PRIORITY=", 10) == 0 &&
+                                    p[10] >= '0' &&
+                                    p[10] <= '9')
+                                        priority = p[10] - '0';
                         }
 
                         remaining -= (e - p) + 1;
@@ -543,7 +786,7 @@ static void process_native_message(Server *s, const void *buffer, size_t buffer_
                 }
         }
 
-        dispatch_message(s, iovec, n, m, ucred, tv);
+        dispatch_message(s, iovec, n, m, ucred, tv, priority);
 
         for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
                 if (iovec[j].iov_base < buffer ||
@@ -551,192 +794,642 @@ static void process_native_message(Server *s, const void *buffer, size_t buffer_
                         free(iovec[j].iov_base);
 }
 
-static int process_event(Server *s, struct epoll_event *ev) {
+static int stdout_stream_log(StdoutStream *s, const char *p, size_t l) {
+        struct iovec iovec[15];
+        char *message = NULL, *syslog_priority = NULL;
+        unsigned n = 0;
+        size_t tag_len;
+        int priority;
+
         assert(s);
+        assert(p);
 
-        if (ev->events != EPOLLIN) {
-                log_info("Got invalid event from epoll.");
-                return -EIO;
-        }
+        priority = s->priority;
 
-        if (ev->data.fd == s->signal_fd) {
-                struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
-                ssize_t n;
+        if (s->priority_prefix &&
+            l > 3 &&
+            p[0] == '<' &&
+            p[1] >= '0' && p[1] <= '7' &&
+            p[2] == '>') {
 
-                n = read(s->signal_fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi));
-                if (n != sizeof(sfsi)) {
+                priority = p[1] - '0';
+                p += 3;
+                l -= 3;
+        }
 
-                        if (n >= 0)
-                                return -EIO;
+        if (l <= 0)
+                return 0;
 
-                        if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
-                                return 0;
+        if (asprintf(&syslog_priority, "PRIORITY=%i", priority) >= 0)
+                IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], syslog_priority);
 
-                        return -errno;
-                }
+        tag_len = s->tag ? strlen(s->tag) + 2: 0;
+        message = malloc(8 + tag_len + l);
+        if (message) {
+                memcpy(message, "MESSAGE=", 8);
 
-                log_debug("Received SIG%s", signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo));
-                return 0;
+                if (s->tag) {
+                        memcpy(message+8, s->tag, tag_len-2);
+                        memcpy(message+8+tag_len-2, ": ", 2);
+                }
 
+                memcpy(message+8+tag_len, p, l);
+                iovec[n].iov_base = message;
+                iovec[n].iov_len = 8+tag_len+l;
+                n++;
         }
 
-        if (ev->data.fd == s->native_fd ||
-            ev->data.fd == s->syslog_fd) {
-                for (;;) {
-                        struct msghdr msghdr;
-                        struct iovec iovec;
-                        struct ucred *ucred = NULL;
-                        struct timeval *tv = NULL;
-                        struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
-                        union {
-                                struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
-                                uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
-                                            CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
-                        } control;
-                        ssize_t n;
-                        int v;
+        dispatch_message(s->server, iovec, n, ELEMENTSOF(iovec), &s->ucred, NULL, priority);
 
-                        if (ioctl(ev->data.fd, SIOCINQ, &v) < 0) {
-                                log_error("SIOCINQ failed: %m");
-                                return -errno;
+        if (s->tee_console) {
+                int console;
+
+                console = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
+                if (console >= 0) {
+                        n = 0;
+                        if (s->tag) {
+                                IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], s->tag);
+                                IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], ": ");
                         }
 
-                        if (v <= 0)
-                                return 1;
+                        iovec[n].iov_base = (void*) p;
+                        iovec[n].iov_len = l;
+                        n++;
 
-                        if (s->buffer_size < (size_t) v) {
-                                void *b;
-                                size_t l;
+                        IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], (char*) "\n");
 
-                                l = MAX(LINE_MAX + (size_t) v, s->buffer_size * 2);
-                                b = realloc(s->buffer, l+1);
+                        writev(console, iovec, n);
+                }
+        }
 
-                                if (!b) {
-                                        log_error("Couldn't increase buffer.");
-                                        return -ENOMEM;
-                                }
+        free(message);
+        free(syslog_priority);
 
-                                s->buffer_size = l;
-                                s->buffer = b;
-                        }
+        return 0;
+}
 
-                        zero(iovec);
-                        iovec.iov_base = s->buffer;
-                        iovec.iov_len = s->buffer_size;
+static int stdout_stream_line(StdoutStream *s, const char *p, size_t l) {
+        assert(s);
+        assert(p);
 
-                        zero(control);
-                        zero(msghdr);
-                        msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
-                        msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
-                        msghdr.msg_control = &control;
-                        msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(control);
+        while (l > 0 && strchr(WHITESPACE, *p)) {
+                l--;
+                p++;
+        }
 
-                        n = recvmsg(ev->data.fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT);
-                        if (n < 0) {
+        while (l > 0 && strchr(WHITESPACE, *(p+l-1)))
+                l--;
 
-                                if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
-                                        return 1;
+        switch (s->state) {
 
-                                log_error("recvmsg() failed: %m");
-                                return -errno;
+        case STDOUT_STREAM_TAG:
+
+                if (l > 0) {
+                        s->tag = strndup(p, l);
+                        if (!s->tag) {
+                                log_error("Out of memory");
+                                return -EINVAL;
                         }
+                }
 
-                        for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msghdr); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msghdr, cmsg)) {
+                s->state = STDOUT_STREAM_PRIORITY;
+                return 0;
 
-                                if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
-                                    cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_CREDENTIALS &&
-                                    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)))
-                                        ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
-                                else if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
-                                         cmsg->cmsg_type == SO_TIMESTAMP &&
-                                         cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct timeval)))
-                                        tv = (struct timeval*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
-                        }
+        case STDOUT_STREAM_PRIORITY:
+                if (l != 1 || *p < '0' || *p > '7') {
+                        log_warning("Failed to parse log priority line.");
+                        return -EINVAL;
+                }
 
-                        if (ev->data.fd == s->syslog_fd) {
-                                char *e;
+                s->priority = *p - '0';
+                s->state = STDOUT_STREAM_PRIORITY_PREFIX;
+                return 0;
 
-                                e = memchr(s->buffer, '\n', n);
-                                if (e)
-                                        *e = 0;
-                                else
-                                        s->buffer[n] = 0;
+        case STDOUT_STREAM_PRIORITY_PREFIX:
+                if (l != 1 || *p < '0' || *p > '1') {
+                        log_warning("Failed to parse priority prefix line.");
+                        return -EINVAL;
+                }
 
-                                process_syslog_message(s, strstrip(s->buffer), ucred, tv);
-                        } else
-                                process_native_message(s, s->buffer, n, ucred, tv);
+                s->priority_prefix = *p - '0';
+                s->state = STDOUT_STREAM_TEE_CONSOLE;
+                return 0;
+
+        case STDOUT_STREAM_TEE_CONSOLE:
+                if (l != 1 || *p < '0' || *p > '1') {
+                        log_warning("Failed to parse tee to console line.");
+                        return -EINVAL;
                 }
 
-                return 1;
+                s->tee_console = *p - '0';
+                s->state = STDOUT_STREAM_RUNNING;
+                return 0;
+
+        case STDOUT_STREAM_RUNNING:
+                return stdout_stream_log(s, p, l);
         }
 
-        log_error("Unknown event.");
-        return 0;
+        assert_not_reached("Unknown stream state");
 }
 
-static int system_journal_open(Server *s) {
+static int stdout_stream_scan(StdoutStream *s, bool force_flush) {
+        char *p;
+        size_t remaining;
         int r;
-        char *fn;
-        sd_id128_t machine;
-        char ids[33];
 
-        r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
+        assert(s);
 
-        /* First try to create the machine path, but not the prefix */
-        fn = strappend("/var/log/journal/", sd_id128_to_string(machine, ids));
-        if (!fn)
-                return -ENOMEM;
-        (void) mkdir(fn, 0755);
-        free(fn);
+        p = s->buffer;
+        remaining = s->length;
+        for (;;) {
+                char *end;
+                size_t skip;
+
+                end = memchr(p, '\n', remaining);
+                if (!end) {
+                        if (remaining >= LINE_MAX) {
+                                end = p + LINE_MAX;
+                                skip = LINE_MAX;
+                        } else
+                                break;
+                } else
+                        skip = end - p + 1;
 
-        /* The create the system journal file */
-        fn = join("/var/log/journal/", ids, "/system.journal", NULL);
-        if (!fn)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+                r = stdout_stream_line(s, p, end - p);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
 
-        r = journal_file_open(fn, O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, NULL, &s->system_journal);
-        free(fn);
+                remaining -= skip;
+                p += skip;
+        }
 
-        if (r >= 0) {
-                s->system_journal->metrics = s->metrics;
-                s->system_journal->compress = s->compress;
+        if (force_flush && remaining > 0) {
+                r = stdout_stream_line(s, p, remaining);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
 
-                fix_perms(s->system_journal, 0);
-                return r;
+                p += remaining;
+                remaining = 0;
         }
 
-        if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT) {
-                log_error("Failed to open system journal: %s", strerror(-r));
-                return r;
+        if (p > s->buffer) {
+                memmove(s->buffer, p, remaining);
+                s->length = remaining;
         }
 
-        /* /var didn't work, so try /run, but this time we
-         * create the prefix too */
-        fn = join("/run/log/journal/", ids, "/system.journal", NULL);
-        if (!fn)
-                return -ENOMEM;
+        return 0;
+}
 
-        (void) mkdir_parents(fn, 0755);
-        r = journal_file_open(fn, O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, NULL, &s->runtime_journal);
-        free(fn);
+static int stdout_stream_process(StdoutStream *s) {
+        ssize_t l;
+        int r;
 
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_error("Failed to open runtime journal: %s", strerror(-r));
-                return r;
-        }
+        assert(s);
 
-        s->runtime_journal->metrics = s->metrics;
-        s->runtime_journal->compress = s->compress;
+        l = read(s->fd, s->buffer+s->length, sizeof(s->buffer)-1-s->length);
+        if (l < 0) {
 
-        fix_perms(s->runtime_journal, 0);
-        return r;
-}
+                if (errno == EAGAIN)
+                        return 0;
 
-static int open_syslog_socket(Server *s) {
+                log_warning("Failed to read from stream: %m");
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
+        if (l == 0) {
+                r = stdout_stream_scan(s, true);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        s->length += l;
+        r = stdout_stream_scan(s, false);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        return 1;
+
+}
+
+static void stdout_stream_free(StdoutStream *s) {
+        assert(s);
+
+        if (s->server) {
+                assert(s->server->n_stdout_streams > 0);
+                s->server->n_stdout_streams --;
+                LIST_REMOVE(StdoutStream, stdout_stream, s->server->stdout_streams, s);
+        }
+
+        if (s->fd >= 0) {
+                if (s->server)
+                        epoll_ctl(s->server->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, s->fd, NULL);
+
+                close_nointr_nofail(s->fd);
+        }
+
+        free(s->tag);
+        free(s);
+}
+
+static int stdout_stream_new(Server *s) {
+        StdoutStream *stream;
+        int fd, r;
+        socklen_t len;
+        struct epoll_event ev;
+
+        assert(s);
+
+        fd = accept4(s->stdout_fd, NULL, NULL, SOCK_NONBLOCK|SOCK_CLOEXEC);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+                if (errno == EAGAIN)
+                        return 0;
+
+                log_error("Failed to accept stdout connection: %m");
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
+        if (s->n_stdout_streams >= STDOUT_STREAMS_MAX) {
+                log_warning("Too many stdout streams, refusing connection.");
+                close_nointr_nofail(fd);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        stream = new0(StdoutStream, 1);
+        if (!stream) {
+                log_error("Out of memory.");
+                close_nointr_nofail(fd);
+                return -ENOMEM;
+        }
+
+        stream->fd = fd;
+
+        len = sizeof(stream->ucred);
+        if (getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERCRED, &stream->ucred, &len) < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to determine peer credentials: %m");
+                r = -errno;
+                goto fail;
+        }
+
+        if (shutdown(fd, SHUT_WR) < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to shutdown writing side of socket: %m");
+                r = -errno;
+                goto fail;
+        }
+
+        zero(ev);
+        ev.data.ptr = stream;
+        ev.events = EPOLLIN;
+        if (epoll_ctl(s->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev) < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to add stream to event loop: %m");
+                r = -errno;
+                goto fail;
+        }
+
+        stream->server = s;
+        LIST_PREPEND(StdoutStream, stdout_stream, s->stdout_streams, stream);
+        s->n_stdout_streams ++;
+
+        return 0;
+
+fail:
+        stdout_stream_free(stream);
+        return r;
+}
+
+static int system_journal_open(Server *s) {
+        int r;
+        char *fn;
+        sd_id128_t machine;
+        char ids[33];
+
+        r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        sd_id128_to_string(machine, ids);
+
+        if (!s->system_journal) {
+
+                /* First try to create the machine path, but not the prefix */
+                fn = strappend("/var/log/journal/", ids);
+                if (!fn)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+                (void) mkdir(fn, 0755);
+                free(fn);
+
+                /* The create the system journal file */
+                fn = join("/var/log/journal/", ids, "/system.journal", NULL);
+                if (!fn)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                r = journal_file_open(fn, O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, NULL, &s->system_journal);
+                free(fn);
+
+                if (r >= 0) {
+                        s->system_journal->metrics = s->metrics;
+                        s->system_journal->compress = s->compress;
+
+                        fix_perms(s->system_journal, 0);
+                } else if (r < 0) {
+
+                        if (r == -ENOENT)
+                                r = 0;
+                        else {
+                                log_error("Failed to open system journal: %s", strerror(-r));
+                                return r;
+                        }
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (!s->runtime_journal) {
+
+                fn = join("/run/log/journal/", ids, "/system.journal", NULL);
+                if (!fn)
+                        return -ENOMEM;
+
+                if (s->system_journal) {
+
+                        /* Try to open the runtime journal, but only
+                         * if it already exists, so that we can flush
+                         * it into the system journal */
+
+                        r = journal_file_open(fn, O_RDWR, 0640, NULL, &s->runtime_journal);
+                        free(fn);
+
+                        if (r < 0) {
+
+                                if (r == -ENOENT)
+                                        r = 0;
+                                else {
+                                        log_error("Failed to open runtime journal: %s", strerror(-r));
+                                        return r;
+                                }
+                        }
+
+                } else {
+
+                        /* OK, we really need the runtime journal, so create
+                         * it if necessary. */
+
+                        (void) mkdir_parents(fn, 0755);
+                        r = journal_file_open(fn, O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, NULL, &s->runtime_journal);
+                        free(fn);
+
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error("Failed to open runtime journal: %s", strerror(-r));
+                                return r;
+                        }
+                }
+
+                if (s->runtime_journal) {
+                        s->runtime_journal->metrics = s->metrics;
+                        s->runtime_journal->compress = s->compress;
+
+                        fix_perms(s->runtime_journal, 0);
+                }
+        }
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+static int server_flush_to_var(Server *s) {
+        char path[] = "/run/log/journal/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
+        Object *o = NULL;
+        int r;
+        sd_id128_t machine;
+        sd_journal *j;
+
+        assert(s);
+
+        system_journal_open(s);
+
+        if (!s->system_journal || !s->runtime_journal)
+                return 0;
+
+        r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to get machine id: %s", strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        r = sd_journal_open(&j, SD_JOURNAL_RUNTIME_ONLY);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to read runtime journal: %s", strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH(j) {
+                JournalFile *f;
+
+                f = j->current_file;
+                assert(f && f->current_offset > 0);
+
+                r = journal_file_move_to_object(f, OBJECT_ENTRY, f->current_offset, &o);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_error("Can't read entry: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        goto finish;
+                }
+
+                r = journal_file_copy_entry(f, s->system_journal, o, f->current_offset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+                if (r == -E2BIG) {
+                        log_info("Allocation limit reached.");
+
+                        journal_file_post_change(s->system_journal);
+                        server_vacuum(s);
+
+                        r = journal_file_copy_entry(f, s->system_journal, o, f->current_offset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+                }
+
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_error("Can't write entry: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        goto finish;
+                }
+        }
+
+finish:
+        journal_file_post_change(s->system_journal);
+
+        journal_file_close(s->runtime_journal);
+        s->runtime_journal = NULL;
+
+        if (r >= 0) {
+                sd_id128_to_string(machine, path + 17);
+                rm_rf(path, false, true, false);
+        }
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+static int process_event(Server *s, struct epoll_event *ev) {
+        assert(s);
+
+        if (ev->data.fd == s->signal_fd) {
+                struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
+                ssize_t n;
+
+                if (ev->events != EPOLLIN) {
+                        log_info("Got invalid event from epoll.");
+                        return -EIO;
+                }
+
+                n = read(s->signal_fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi));
+                if (n != sizeof(sfsi)) {
+
+                        if (n >= 0)
+                                return -EIO;
+
+                        if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
+                                return 0;
+
+                        return -errno;
+                }
+
+                if (sfsi.ssi_signo == SIGUSR1) {
+                        server_flush_to_var(s);
+                        return 0;
+                }
+
+                log_debug("Received SIG%s", signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo));
+                return 0;
+
+        } else if (ev->data.fd == s->native_fd ||
+                   ev->data.fd == s->syslog_fd) {
+
+                if (ev->events != EPOLLIN) {
+                        log_info("Got invalid event from epoll.");
+                        return -EIO;
+                }
+
+                for (;;) {
+                        struct msghdr msghdr;
+                        struct iovec iovec;
+                        struct ucred *ucred = NULL;
+                        struct timeval *tv = NULL;
+                        struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
+                        union {
+                                struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
+                                uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred)) +
+                                            CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
+                        } control;
+                        ssize_t n;
+                        int v;
+
+                        if (ioctl(ev->data.fd, SIOCINQ, &v) < 0) {
+                                log_error("SIOCINQ failed: %m");
+                                return -errno;
+                        }
+
+                        if (v <= 0)
+                                return 1;
+
+                        if (s->buffer_size < (size_t) v) {
+                                void *b;
+                                size_t l;
+
+                                l = MAX(LINE_MAX + (size_t) v, s->buffer_size * 2);
+                                b = realloc(s->buffer, l+1);
+
+                                if (!b) {
+                                        log_error("Couldn't increase buffer.");
+                                        return -ENOMEM;
+                                }
+
+                                s->buffer_size = l;
+                                s->buffer = b;
+                        }
+
+                        zero(iovec);
+                        iovec.iov_base = s->buffer;
+                        iovec.iov_len = s->buffer_size;
+
+                        zero(control);
+                        zero(msghdr);
+                        msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
+                        msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
+                        msghdr.msg_control = &control;
+                        msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(control);
+
+                        n = recvmsg(ev->data.fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT);
+                        if (n < 0) {
+
+                                if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
+                                        return 1;
+
+                                log_error("recvmsg() failed: %m");
+                                return -errno;
+                        }
+
+                        for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msghdr); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msghdr, cmsg)) {
+
+                                if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
+                                    cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_CREDENTIALS &&
+                                    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)))
+                                        ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
+                                else if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
+                                         cmsg->cmsg_type == SO_TIMESTAMP &&
+                                         cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct timeval)))
+                                        tv = (struct timeval*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
+                        }
+
+                        if (ev->data.fd == s->syslog_fd) {
+                                char *e;
+
+                                e = memchr(s->buffer, '\n', n);
+                                if (e)
+                                        *e = 0;
+                                else
+                                        s->buffer[n] = 0;
+
+                                process_syslog_message(s, strstrip(s->buffer), ucred, tv);
+                        } else
+                                process_native_message(s, s->buffer, n, ucred, tv);
+                }
+
+                return 1;
+
+        } else if (ev->data.fd == s->stdout_fd) {
+
+                if (ev->events != EPOLLIN) {
+                        log_info("Got invalid event from epoll.");
+                        return -EIO;
+                }
+
+                stdout_stream_new(s);
+                return 1;
+
+        } else {
+                StdoutStream *stream;
+
+                if ((ev->events|EPOLLIN|EPOLLHUP) != (EPOLLIN|EPOLLHUP)) {
+                        log_info("Got invalid event from epoll.");
+                        return -EIO;
+                }
+
+                /* If it is none of the well-known fds, it must be an
+                 * stdout stream fd. Note that this is a bit ugly here
+                 * (since we rely that none of the well-known fds
+                 * could be interpreted as pointer), but nonetheless
+                 * safe, since the well-known fds would never get an
+                 * fd > 4096, i.e. beyond the first memory page */
+
+                stream = ev->data.ptr;
+
+                if (stdout_stream_process(stream) <= 0)
+                        stdout_stream_free(stream);
+
+                return 1;
+        }
+
+        log_error("Unknown event.");
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int open_syslog_socket(Server *s) {
         union sockaddr_union sa;
         int one, r;
+        struct epoll_event ev;
 
         assert(s);
 
@@ -777,12 +1470,21 @@ static int open_syslog_socket(Server *s) {
                 return -errno;
         }
 
+        zero(ev);
+        ev.events = EPOLLIN;
+        ev.data.fd = s->syslog_fd;
+        if (epoll_ctl(s->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, s->syslog_fd, &ev) < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to add syslog server fd to epoll object: %m");
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
         return 0;
 }
 
 static int open_native_socket(Server*s) {
         union sockaddr_union sa;
         int one, r;
+        struct epoll_event ev;
 
         assert(s);
 
@@ -823,24 +1525,110 @@ static int open_native_socket(Server*s) {
                 return -errno;
         }
 
+        zero(ev);
+        ev.events = EPOLLIN;
+        ev.data.fd = s->native_fd;
+        if (epoll_ctl(s->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, s->native_fd, &ev) < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to add native server fd to epoll object: %m");
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
         return 0;
 }
 
-static int server_init(Server *s) {
-        int n, r, fd;
+static int open_stdout_socket(Server *s) {
+        union sockaddr_union sa;
+        int r;
         struct epoll_event ev;
+
+        assert(s);
+
+        if (s->stdout_fd < 0) {
+
+                s->stdout_fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
+                if (s->stdout_fd < 0) {
+                        log_error("socket() failed: %m");
+                        return -errno;
+                }
+
+                zero(sa);
+                sa.un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
+                strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/stdout", sizeof(sa.un.sun_path));
+
+                unlink(sa.un.sun_path);
+
+                r = bind(s->stdout_fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(union sockaddr_union, un.sun_path) + strlen(sa.un.sun_path));
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_error("bind() failed: %m");
+                        return -errno;
+                }
+
+                chmod(sa.un.sun_path, 0666);
+
+                if (listen(s->stdout_fd, SOMAXCONN) < 0) {
+                        log_error("liste() failed: %m");
+                        return -errno;
+                }
+        }
+
+        zero(ev);
+        ev.events = EPOLLIN;
+        ev.data.fd = s->stdout_fd;
+        if (epoll_ctl(s->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, s->stdout_fd, &ev) < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to add stdout server fd to epoll object: %m");
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int open_signalfd(Server *s) {
         sigset_t mask;
+        struct epoll_event ev;
+
+        assert(s);
+
+        assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
+        sigset_add_many(&mask, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGUSR1, -1);
+        assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
+
+        s->signal_fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC);
+        if (s->signal_fd < 0) {
+                log_error("signalfd(): %m");
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
+        zero(ev);
+        ev.events = EPOLLIN;
+        ev.data.fd = s->signal_fd;
+
+        if (epoll_ctl(s->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, s->signal_fd, &ev) < 0) {
+                log_error("epoll_ctl(): %m");
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int server_init(Server *s) {
+        int n, r, fd;
 
         assert(s);
 
         zero(*s);
-        s->syslog_fd = s->native_fd = s->signal_fd = -1;
+        s->syslog_fd = s->native_fd = s->stdout_fd = s->signal_fd = s->epoll_fd = -1;
         s->metrics.max_size = DEFAULT_MAX_SIZE;
         s->metrics.min_size = DEFAULT_MIN_SIZE;
         s->metrics.keep_free = DEFAULT_KEEP_FREE;
         s->max_use = DEFAULT_MAX_USE;
         s->compress = true;
 
+        s->user_journals = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func);
+        if (!s->user_journals) {
+                log_error("Out of memory.");
+                return -ENOMEM;
+        }
+
         s->epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC);
         if (s->epoll_fd < 0) {
                 log_error("Failed to create epoll object: %m");
@@ -855,23 +1643,33 @@ static int server_init(Server *s) {
 
         for (fd = SD_LISTEN_FDS_START; fd < SD_LISTEN_FDS_START + n; fd++) {
 
-                if (sd_is_socket_unix(fd, SOCK_DGRAM, -1, "/dev/log", 0) > 0) {
+                if (sd_is_socket_unix(fd, SOCK_DGRAM, -1, "/run/systemd/native", 0) > 0) {
 
-                        if (s->syslog_fd >= 0) {
-                                log_error("Too many /dev/log sockets passed.");
+                        if (s->native_fd >= 0) {
+                                log_error("Too many native sockets passed.");
                                 return -EINVAL;
                         }
 
-                        s->syslog_fd = fd;
+                        s->native_fd = fd;
 
-                } else if (sd_is_socket(fd, AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM, -1) > 0) {
+                } else if (sd_is_socket_unix(fd, SOCK_STREAM, 1, "/run/systemd/stdout", 0) > 0) {
 
-                        if (s->native_fd >= 0) {
-                                log_error("Too many native sockets passed.");
+                        if (s->stdout_fd >= 0) {
+                                log_error("Too many stdout sockets passed.");
                                 return -EINVAL;
                         }
 
-                        s->native_fd = fd;
+                        s->stdout_fd = fd;
+
+                } else if (sd_is_socket_unix(fd, SOCK_DGRAM, -1, "/dev/log", 0) > 0) {
+
+                        if (s->syslog_fd >= 0) {
+                                log_error("Too many /dev/log sockets passed.");
+                                return -EINVAL;
+                        }
+
+                        s->syslog_fd = fd;
+
                 } else {
                         log_error("Unknown socket passed.");
                         return -EINVAL;
@@ -882,54 +1680,25 @@ static int server_init(Server *s) {
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        zero(ev);
-        ev.events = EPOLLIN;
-        ev.data.fd = s->syslog_fd;
-        if (epoll_ctl(s->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, s->syslog_fd, &ev) < 0) {
-                log_error("Failed to add syslog server fd to epoll object: %m");
-                return -errno;
-        }
-
         r = open_native_socket(s);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        zero(ev);
-        ev.events = EPOLLIN;
-        ev.data.fd = s->native_fd;
-        if (epoll_ctl(s->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, s->native_fd, &ev) < 0) {
-                log_error("Failed to add native server fd to epoll object: %m");
-                return -errno;
-        }
-
-        s->user_journals = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func);
-        if (!s->user_journals) {
-                log_error("Out of memory.");
-                return -ENOMEM;
-        }
+        r = open_stdout_socket(s);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
 
         r = system_journal_open(s);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
-        sigset_add_many(&mask, SIGINT, SIGTERM, -1);
-        assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
-
-        s->signal_fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC);
-        if (s->signal_fd < 0) {
-                log_error("signalfd(): %m");
-                return -errno;
-        }
-
-        zero(ev);
-        ev.events = EPOLLIN;
-        ev.data.fd = s->signal_fd;
+        r = open_signalfd(s);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
 
-        if (epoll_ctl(s->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, s->signal_fd, &ev) < 0) {
-                log_error("epoll_ctl(): %m");
-                return -errno;
-        }
+        s->rate_limit = journal_rate_limit_new(DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_INTERVAL, DEFAULT_RATE_LIMIT_BURST);
+        if (!s->rate_limit)
+                return -ENOMEM;
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -938,6 +1707,9 @@ static void server_done(Server *s) {
         JournalFile *f;
         assert(s);
 
+        while (s->stdout_streams)
+                stdout_stream_free(s->stdout_streams);
+
         if (s->system_journal)
                 journal_file_close(s->system_journal);
 
@@ -960,6 +1732,12 @@ static void server_done(Server *s) {
 
         if (s->native_fd >= 0)
                 close_nointr_nofail(s->native_fd);
+
+        if (s->stdout_fd >= 0)
+                close_nointr_nofail(s->stdout_fd);
+
+        if (s->rate_limit)
+                journal_rate_limit_free(s->rate_limit);
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
@@ -991,7 +1769,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
         sd_notify(false,
                   "READY=1\n"
-                  "STATUS=Processing messages...");
+                  "STATUS=Processing requests...");
+
+        server_vacuum(&server);
+        server_flush_to_var(&server);
 
         for (;;) {
                 struct epoll_event event;
@@ -1015,6 +1796,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
                         break;
         }
 
+        log_debug("systemd-journald stopped as pid %lu", (unsigned long) getpid());
+
 finish:
         sd_notify(false,
                   "STATUS=Shutting down...");