chiark / gitweb /
Merge branch 'python-systemd-reader'
[elogind.git] / src / core / job.c
index 326460d525363e72b60375c456caba30bce1c1bb..90de550016ff22cbf34600e66f597c72467c33b2 100644 (file)
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 #include <sys/timerfd.h>
 #include <sys/epoll.h>
 
+#include "systemd/sd-id128.h"
+#include "systemd/sd-messages.h"
 #include "set.h"
 #include "unit.h"
 #include "macro.h"
@@ -32,6 +34,9 @@
 #include "load-dropin.h"
 #include "log.h"
 #include "dbus-job.h"
+#include "special.h"
+#include "sync.h"
+#include "virt.h"
 
 JobBusClient* job_bus_client_new(DBusConnection *connection, const char *name) {
         JobBusClient *cl;
@@ -60,6 +65,7 @@ Job* job_new_raw(Unit *unit) {
 
         j->manager = unit->manager;
         j->unit = unit;
+        j->type = _JOB_TYPE_INVALID;
         j->timer_watch.type = WATCH_INVALID;
 
         return j;
@@ -115,15 +121,21 @@ void job_free(Job *j) {
 }
 
 void job_uninstall(Job *j) {
+        Job **pj;
+
         assert(j->installed);
-        assert(j->unit->job == j);
+
+        pj = (j->type == JOB_NOP) ? &j->unit->nop_job : &j->unit->job;
+        assert(*pj == j);
+
         /* Detach from next 'bigger' objects */
 
         /* daemon-reload should be transparent to job observers */
         if (j->manager->n_reloading <= 0)
                 bus_job_send_removed_signal(j);
 
-        j->unit->job = NULL;
+        *pj = NULL;
+
         unit_add_to_gc_queue(j->unit);
 
         hashmap_remove(j->manager->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id));
@@ -144,35 +156,45 @@ static bool job_type_allows_late_merge(JobType t) {
          * patched into JOB_START after stopping the unit. So if we see a
          * JOB_RESTART running, it means the unit hasn't stopped yet and at
          * this time the merge is still allowed. */
-        return !(t == JOB_RELOAD || t == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START);
+        return t != JOB_RELOAD;
 }
 
 static void job_merge_into_installed(Job *j, Job *other) {
         assert(j->installed);
         assert(j->unit == other->unit);
 
-        j->type = job_type_lookup_merge(j->type, other->type);
-        assert(j->type >= 0);
+        if (j->type != JOB_NOP)
+                job_type_merge_and_collapse(&j->type, other->type, j->unit);
+        else
+                assert(other->type == JOB_NOP);
 
         j->override = j->override || other->override;
+        j->irreversible = j->irreversible || other->irreversible;
+        j->ignore_order = j->ignore_order || other->ignore_order;
 }
 
 Job* job_install(Job *j) {
-        Job *uj = j->unit->job;
+        Job **pj;
+        Job *uj;
 
         assert(!j->installed);
+        assert(j->type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX_IN_TRANSACTION);
+
+        pj = (j->type == JOB_NOP) ? &j->unit->nop_job : &j->unit->job;
+        uj = *pj;
 
         if (uj) {
-                if (job_type_is_conflicting(uj->type, j->type))
-                        job_finish_and_invalidate(uj, JOB_CANCELED);
+                if (j->type != JOB_NOP && job_type_is_conflicting(uj->type, j->type))
+                        job_finish_and_invalidate(uj, JOB_CANCELED, false);
                 else {
                         /* not conflicting, i.e. mergeable */
 
-                        if (uj->state == JOB_WAITING ||
+                        if (j->type == JOB_NOP || uj->state == JOB_WAITING ||
                             (job_type_allows_late_merge(j->type) && job_type_is_superset(uj->type, j->type))) {
                                 job_merge_into_installed(uj, j);
-                                log_debug("Merged into installed job %s/%s as %u",
-                                          uj->unit->id, job_type_to_string(uj->type), (unsigned) uj->id);
+                                log_debug_unit(uj->unit->id,
+                                               "Merged into installed job %s/%s as %u",
+                                               uj->unit->id, job_type_to_string(uj->type), (unsigned) uj->id);
                                 return uj;
                         } else {
                                 /* already running and not safe to merge into */
@@ -180,32 +202,50 @@ Job* job_install(Job *j) {
                                 /* XXX It should be safer to queue j to run after uj finishes, but it is
                                  * not currently possible to have more than one installed job per unit. */
                                 job_merge_into_installed(uj, j);
-                                log_debug("Merged into running job, re-running: %s/%s as %u",
-                                          uj->unit->id, job_type_to_string(uj->type), (unsigned) uj->id);
+                                log_debug_unit(uj->unit->id,
+                                               "Merged into running job, re-running: %s/%s as %u",
+                                               uj->unit->id, job_type_to_string(uj->type), (unsigned) uj->id);
                                 uj->state = JOB_WAITING;
+                                uj->manager->n_running_jobs--;
                                 return uj;
                         }
                 }
         }
 
         /* Install the job */
-        j->unit->job = j;
+        *pj = j;
         j->installed = true;
         j->manager->n_installed_jobs ++;
-        log_debug("Installed new job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
+        log_debug_unit(j->unit->id,
+                       "Installed new job %s/%s as %u",
+                       j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
         return j;
 }
 
-void job_install_deserialized(Job *j) {
+int job_install_deserialized(Job *j) {
+        Job **pj;
+
         assert(!j->installed);
 
-        if (j->unit->job) {
-                log_debug("Unit %s already has a job installed. Not installing deserialized job.", j->unit->id);
-                return;
+        if (j->type < 0 || j->type >= _JOB_TYPE_MAX_IN_TRANSACTION) {
+                log_debug("Invalid job type %s in deserialization.", strna(job_type_to_string(j->type)));
+                return -EINVAL;
         }
-        j->unit->job = j;
+
+        pj = (j->type == JOB_NOP) ? &j->unit->nop_job : &j->unit->job;
+
+        if (*pj) {
+                log_debug_unit(j->unit->id,
+                               "Unit %s already has a job installed. Not installing deserialized job.",
+                               j->unit->id);
+                return -EEXIST;
+        }
+        *pj = j;
         j->installed = true;
-        log_debug("Reinstalled deserialized job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
+        log_debug_unit(j->unit->id,
+                       "Reinstalled deserialized job %s/%s as %u",
+                       j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
+        return 0;
 }
 
 JobDependency* job_dependency_new(Job *subject, Job *object, bool matters, bool conflicts) {
@@ -256,11 +296,13 @@ void job_dump(Job *j, FILE*f, const char *prefix) {
                 "%s-> Job %u:\n"
                 "%s\tAction: %s -> %s\n"
                 "%s\tState: %s\n"
-                "%s\tForced: %s\n",
+                "%s\tForced: %s\n"
+                "%s\tIrreversible: %s\n",
                 prefix, j->id,
                 prefix, j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type),
                 prefix, job_state_to_string(j->state),
-                prefix, yes_no(j->override));
+                prefix, yes_no(j->override),
+                prefix, yes_no(j->irreversible));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -268,6 +310,10 @@ void job_dump(Job *j, FILE*f, const char *prefix) {
  * its lower triangle to avoid duplication. We don't store the main diagonal,
  * because A merged with A is simply A.
  *
+ * If the resulting type is collapsed immediately afterwards (to get rid of
+ * the JOB_RELOAD_OR_START, which lies outside the lookup function's domain),
+ * the following properties hold:
+ *
  * Merging is associative! A merged with B merged with C is the same as
  * A merged with C merged with B.
  *
@@ -278,21 +324,19 @@ void job_dump(Job *j, FILE*f, const char *prefix) {
  * be merged with C either.
  */
 static const JobType job_merging_table[] = {
-/* What \ With       *  JOB_START         JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE  JOB_STOP JOB_RELOAD   JOB_RELOAD_OR_START  JOB_RESTART JOB_TRY_RESTART */
-/************************************************************************************************************************************/
+/* What \ With       *  JOB_START         JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE  JOB_STOP JOB_RELOAD */
+/*********************************************************************************/
 /*JOB_START          */
 /*JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE  */ JOB_START,
 /*JOB_STOP           */ -1,                  -1,
 /*JOB_RELOAD         */ JOB_RELOAD_OR_START, JOB_RELOAD,          -1,
-/*JOB_RELOAD_OR_START*/ JOB_RELOAD_OR_START, JOB_RELOAD_OR_START, -1, JOB_RELOAD_OR_START,
-/*JOB_RESTART        */ JOB_RESTART,         JOB_RESTART,         -1, JOB_RESTART,         JOB_RESTART,
-/*JOB_TRY_RESTART    */ JOB_RESTART,         JOB_TRY_RESTART,     -1, JOB_TRY_RESTART,     JOB_RESTART, JOB_RESTART,
+/*JOB_RESTART        */ JOB_RESTART,         JOB_RESTART,         -1, JOB_RESTART,
 };
 
 JobType job_type_lookup_merge(JobType a, JobType b) {
-        assert_cc(ELEMENTSOF(job_merging_table) == _JOB_TYPE_MAX * (_JOB_TYPE_MAX - 1) / 2);
-        assert(a >= 0 && a < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
-        assert(b >= 0 && b < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
+        assert_cc(ELEMENTSOF(job_merging_table) == _JOB_TYPE_MAX_MERGING * (_JOB_TYPE_MAX_MERGING - 1) / 2);
+        assert(a >= 0 && a < _JOB_TYPE_MAX_MERGING);
+        assert(b >= 0 && b < _JOB_TYPE_MAX_MERGING);
 
         if (a == b)
                 return a;
@@ -328,24 +372,50 @@ bool job_type_is_redundant(JobType a, UnitActiveState b) {
                 return
                         b == UNIT_RELOADING;
 
-        case JOB_RELOAD_OR_START:
-                return
-                        b == UNIT_ACTIVATING ||
-                        b == UNIT_RELOADING;
-
         case JOB_RESTART:
                 return
                         b == UNIT_ACTIVATING;
 
+        default:
+                assert_not_reached("Invalid job type");
+        }
+}
+
+void job_type_collapse(JobType *t, Unit *u) {
+        UnitActiveState s;
+
+        switch (*t) {
+
         case JOB_TRY_RESTART:
-                return
-                        b == UNIT_ACTIVATING;
+                s = unit_active_state(u);
+                if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_DEACTIVATING(s))
+                        *t = JOB_NOP;
+                else
+                        *t = JOB_RESTART;
+                break;
+
+        case JOB_RELOAD_OR_START:
+                s = unit_active_state(u);
+                if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_DEACTIVATING(s))
+                        *t = JOB_START;
+                else
+                        *t = JOB_RELOAD;
+                break;
 
         default:
-                assert_not_reached("Invalid job type");
+                ;
         }
 }
 
+int job_type_merge_and_collapse(JobType *a, JobType b, Unit *u) {
+        JobType t = job_type_lookup_merge(*a, b);
+        if (t < 0)
+                return -EEXIST;
+        *a = t;
+        job_type_collapse(a, u);
+        return 0;
+}
+
 bool job_is_runnable(Job *j) {
         Iterator i;
         Unit *other;
@@ -362,10 +432,12 @@ bool job_is_runnable(Job *j) {
         if (j->ignore_order)
                 return true;
 
+        if (j->type == JOB_NOP)
+                return true;
+
         if (j->type == JOB_START ||
             j->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE ||
-            j->type == JOB_RELOAD ||
-            j->type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
+            j->type == JOB_RELOAD) {
 
                 /* Immediate result is that the job is or might be
                  * started. In this case lets wait for the
@@ -383,8 +455,7 @@ bool job_is_runnable(Job *j) {
         SET_FOREACH(other, j->unit->dependencies[UNIT_BEFORE], i)
                 if (other->job &&
                     (other->job->type == JOB_STOP ||
-                     other->job->type == JOB_RESTART ||
-                     other->job->type == JOB_TRY_RESTART))
+                     other->job->type == JOB_RESTART))
                         return false;
 
         /* This means that for a service a and a service b where b
@@ -402,9 +473,10 @@ bool job_is_runnable(Job *j) {
 }
 
 static void job_change_type(Job *j, JobType newtype) {
-        log_debug("Converting job %s/%s -> %s/%s",
-                  j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type),
-                  j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(newtype));
+        log_debug_unit(j->unit->id,
+                       "Converting job %s/%s -> %s/%s",
+                       j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type),
+                       j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(newtype));
 
         j->type = newtype;
 }
@@ -412,15 +484,15 @@ static void job_change_type(Job *j, JobType newtype) {
 int job_run_and_invalidate(Job *j) {
         int r;
         uint32_t id;
-        Manager *m;
+        Manager *m = j->manager;
 
         assert(j);
         assert(j->installed);
+        assert(j->type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX_IN_TRANSACTION);
+        assert(j->in_run_queue);
 
-        if (j->in_run_queue) {
-                LIST_REMOVE(Job, run_queue, j->manager->run_queue, j);
-                j->in_run_queue = false;
-        }
+        LIST_REMOVE(Job, run_queue, j->manager->run_queue, j);
+        j->in_run_queue = false;
 
         if (j->state != JOB_WAITING)
                 return 0;
@@ -429,6 +501,7 @@ int job_run_and_invalidate(Job *j) {
                 return -EAGAIN;
 
         j->state = JOB_RUNNING;
+        m->n_running_jobs++;
         job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
 
         /* While we execute this operation the job might go away (for
@@ -437,19 +510,9 @@ int job_run_and_invalidate(Job *j) {
          * store the id here, so that we can verify the job is still
          * valid. */
         id = j->id;
-        m = j->manager;
 
         switch (j->type) {
 
-                case JOB_RELOAD_OR_START:
-                        if (unit_active_state(j->unit) == UNIT_ACTIVE) {
-                                job_change_type(j, JOB_RELOAD);
-                                r = unit_reload(j->unit);
-                                break;
-                        }
-                        job_change_type(j, JOB_START);
-                        /* fall through */
-
                 case JOB_START:
                         r = unit_start(j->unit);
 
@@ -469,14 +532,6 @@ int job_run_and_invalidate(Job *j) {
                         break;
                 }
 
-                case JOB_TRY_RESTART:
-                        if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_DEACTIVATING(unit_active_state(j->unit))) {
-                                r = -ENOEXEC;
-                                break;
-                        }
-                        job_change_type(j, JOB_RESTART);
-                        /* fall through */
-
                 case JOB_STOP:
                 case JOB_RESTART:
                         r = unit_stop(j->unit);
@@ -490,167 +545,300 @@ int job_run_and_invalidate(Job *j) {
                         r = unit_reload(j->unit);
                         break;
 
+                case JOB_NOP:
+                        r = -EALREADY;
+                        break;
+
                 default:
                         assert_not_reached("Unknown job type");
         }
 
-        if ((j = manager_get_job(m, id))) {
+        j = manager_get_job(m, id);
+        if (j) {
                 if (r == -EALREADY)
-                        r = job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_DONE);
+                        r = job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_DONE, true);
                 else if (r == -ENOEXEC)
-                        r = job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_SKIPPED);
-                else if (r == -EAGAIN)
+                        r = job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_SKIPPED, true);
+                else if (r == -EAGAIN) {
                         j->state = JOB_WAITING;
-                else if (r < 0)
-                        r = job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_FAILED);
+                        m->n_running_jobs--;
+                } else if (r < 0)
+                        r = job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_FAILED, true);
         }
 
         return r;
 }
 
+static const char *job_get_status_message_format(Unit *u, JobType t, JobResult result) {
+        const UnitStatusMessageFormats *format_table;
+
+        assert(u);
+        assert(t >= 0);
+        assert(t < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
+
+        format_table = &UNIT_VTABLE(u)->status_message_formats;
+        if (!format_table)
+                return NULL;
+
+        if (t == JOB_START)
+                return format_table->finished_start_job[result];
+        else if (t == JOB_STOP || t == JOB_RESTART)
+                return format_table->finished_stop_job[result];
+
+        return NULL;
+}
+
+static const char *job_get_status_message_format_try_harder(Unit *u, JobType t, JobResult result) {
+        const char *format;
+
+        assert(u);
+        assert(t >= 0);
+        assert(t < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
+
+        format = job_get_status_message_format(u, t, result);
+        if (format)
+                return format;
+
+        /* Return generic strings */
+        if (t == JOB_START) {
+                if (result == JOB_DONE)
+                        return "Started %s.";
+                else if (result == JOB_FAILED)
+                        return "Failed to start %s.";
+                else if (result == JOB_DEPENDENCY)
+                        return "Dependency failed for %s.";
+                else if (result == JOB_TIMEOUT)
+                        return "Timed out starting %s.";
+        } else if (t == JOB_STOP || t == JOB_RESTART) {
+                if (result == JOB_DONE)
+                        return "Stopped %s.";
+                else if (result == JOB_FAILED)
+                        return "Stopped (with error) %s.";
+                else if (result == JOB_TIMEOUT)
+                        return "Timed out stoppping %s.";
+        } else if (t == JOB_RELOAD) {
+                if (result == JOB_DONE)
+                        return "Reloaded %s.";
+                else if (result == JOB_FAILED)
+                        return "Reload failed for %s.";
+                else if (result == JOB_TIMEOUT)
+                        return "Timed out reloading %s.";
+        }
+
+        return NULL;
+}
+
 static void job_print_status_message(Unit *u, JobType t, JobResult result) {
+        const char *format;
+
         assert(u);
+        assert(t >= 0);
+        assert(t < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
 
         if (t == JOB_START) {
+                format = job_get_status_message_format(u, t, result);
+                if (!format)
+                        return;
 
                 switch (result) {
 
                 case JOB_DONE:
                         if (u->condition_result)
-                                unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON "  OK  " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, "Started %s.", unit_description(u));
+                                unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON "  OK  " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, format);
                         break;
 
                 case JOB_FAILED:
-                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON "FAILED" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, "Failed to start %s.", unit_description(u));
-                        unit_status_printf(u, NULL, "See 'systemctl status %s' for details.", u->id);
+                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON "FAILED" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, format);
+                        manager_status_printf(u->manager, false, NULL, "See 'systemctl status %s' for details.", u->id);
                         break;
 
                 case JOB_DEPENDENCY:
-                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON " ABORT" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, "Dependency failed. Aborted start of %s.", unit_description(u));
+                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_YELLOW_ON "DEPEND" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, format);
                         break;
 
                 case JOB_TIMEOUT:
-                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON " TIME " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, "Timed out starting %s.", unit_description(u));
+                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON " TIME " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, format);
                         break;
 
                 default:
                         ;
                 }
 
-        } else if (t == JOB_STOP) {
+        } else if (t == JOB_STOP || t == JOB_RESTART) {
+
+                format = job_get_status_message_format(u, t, result);
+                if (!format)
+                        return;
 
                 switch (result) {
 
                 case JOB_TIMEOUT:
-                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON " TIME " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, "Timed out stopping %s.", unit_description(u));
+                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON " TIME " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, format);
                         break;
 
                 case JOB_DONE:
                 case JOB_FAILED:
-                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON "  OK  " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, "Stopped %s.", unit_description(u));
+                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON "  OK  " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, format);
                         break;
 
                 default:
                         ;
                 }
+
+        } else if (t == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE) {
+
+                /* When verify-active detects the unit is inactive, report it.
+                 * Most likely a DEPEND warning from a requisiting unit will
+                 * occur next and it's nice to see what was requisited. */
+                if (result == JOB_SKIPPED)
+                        unit_status_printf(u, ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON " INFO " ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, "%s is not active.");
         }
 }
 
-int job_finish_and_invalidate(Job *j, JobResult result) {
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wformat-nonliteral"
+static void job_log_status_message(Unit *u, JobType t, JobResult result) {
+        const char *format;
+        char buf[LINE_MAX];
+
+        assert(u);
+        assert(t >= 0);
+        assert(t < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
+
+        /* Skip this if it goes to the console. since we already print
+         * to the console anyway... */
+
+        if (log_on_console())
+                return;
+
+        format = job_get_status_message_format_try_harder(u, t, result);
+        if (!format)
+                return;
+
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), format, unit_description(u));
+        char_array_0(buf);
+
+        if (t == JOB_START) {
+                sd_id128_t mid;
+
+                mid = result == JOB_DONE ? SD_MESSAGE_UNIT_STARTED : SD_MESSAGE_UNIT_FAILED;
+                log_struct_unit(result == JOB_DONE ? LOG_INFO : LOG_ERR,
+                           u->id,
+                           MESSAGE_ID(mid),
+                           "RESULT=%s", job_result_to_string(result),
+                           "MESSAGE=%s", buf,
+                           NULL);
+
+        } else if (t == JOB_STOP)
+                log_struct_unit(result == JOB_DONE ? LOG_INFO : LOG_ERR,
+                           u->id,
+                           MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_UNIT_STOPPED),
+                           "RESULT=%s", job_result_to_string(result),
+                           "MESSAGE=%s", buf,
+                           NULL);
+
+        else if (t == JOB_RELOAD)
+                log_struct_unit(result == JOB_DONE ? LOG_INFO : LOG_ERR,
+                           u->id,
+                           MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_UNIT_RELOADED),
+                           "RESULT=%s", job_result_to_string(result),
+                           "MESSAGE=%s", buf,
+                           NULL);
+}
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+
+int job_finish_and_invalidate(Job *j, JobResult result, bool recursive) {
         Unit *u;
         Unit *other;
         JobType t;
         Iterator i;
-        bool recursed = false;
 
         assert(j);
         assert(j->installed);
+        assert(j->type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX_IN_TRANSACTION);
+
+        u = j->unit;
+        t = j->type;
+
+        j->result = result;
+
+        if (j->state == JOB_RUNNING)
+                j->manager->n_running_jobs--;
+
+        log_debug_unit(u->id, "Job %s/%s finished, result=%s",
+                       u->id, job_type_to_string(t), job_result_to_string(result));
+
+        job_print_status_message(u, t, result);
+        job_log_status_message(u, t, result);
 
         job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
 
         /* Patch restart jobs so that they become normal start jobs */
-        if (result == JOB_DONE && j->type == JOB_RESTART) {
+        if (result == JOB_DONE && t == JOB_RESTART) {
 
                 job_change_type(j, JOB_START);
                 j->state = JOB_WAITING;
 
                 job_add_to_run_queue(j);
 
-                u = j->unit;
                 goto finish;
         }
 
-        j->result = result;
-
-        log_debug("Job %s/%s finished, result=%s", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type), job_result_to_string(result));
-
         if (result == JOB_FAILED)
                 j->manager->n_failed_jobs ++;
 
-        u = j->unit;
-        t = j->type;
         job_uninstall(j);
         job_free(j);
 
-        job_print_status_message(u, t, result);
-
         /* Fail depending jobs on failure */
-        if (result != JOB_DONE) {
+        if (result != JOB_DONE && recursive) {
 
                 if (t == JOB_START ||
-                    t == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE ||
-                    t == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
+                    t == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE) {
 
                         SET_FOREACH(other, u->dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY], i)
                                 if (other->job &&
                                     (other->job->type == JOB_START ||
-                                     other->job->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE ||
-                                     other->job->type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START)) {
-                                        job_finish_and_invalidate(other->job, JOB_DEPENDENCY);
-                                        recursed = true;
-                                }
+                                     other->job->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE))
+                                        job_finish_and_invalidate(other->job, JOB_DEPENDENCY, true);
 
                         SET_FOREACH(other, u->dependencies[UNIT_BOUND_BY], i)
                                 if (other->job &&
                                     (other->job->type == JOB_START ||
-                                     other->job->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE ||
-                                     other->job->type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START)) {
-                                        job_finish_and_invalidate(other->job, JOB_DEPENDENCY);
-                                        recursed = true;
-                                }
+                                     other->job->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE))
+                                        job_finish_and_invalidate(other->job, JOB_DEPENDENCY, true);
 
                         SET_FOREACH(other, u->dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY_OVERRIDABLE], i)
                                 if (other->job &&
                                     !other->job->override &&
                                     (other->job->type == JOB_START ||
-                                     other->job->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE ||
-                                     other->job->type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START)) {
-                                        job_finish_and_invalidate(other->job, JOB_DEPENDENCY);
-                                        recursed = true;
-                                }
+                                     other->job->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE))
+                                        job_finish_and_invalidate(other->job, JOB_DEPENDENCY, true);
 
                 } else if (t == JOB_STOP) {
 
                         SET_FOREACH(other, u->dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTED_BY], i)
                                 if (other->job &&
                                     (other->job->type == JOB_START ||
-                                     other->job->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE ||
-                                     other->job->type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START)) {
-                                        job_finish_and_invalidate(other->job, JOB_DEPENDENCY);
-                                        recursed = true;
-                                }
+                                     other->job->type == JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE))
+                                        job_finish_and_invalidate(other->job, JOB_DEPENDENCY, true);
                 }
         }
 
         /* Trigger OnFailure dependencies that are not generated by
-         * the unit itself. We don't tread JOB_CANCELED as failure in
+         * the unit itself. We don't treat JOB_CANCELED as failure in
          * this context. And JOB_FAILURE is already handled by the
          * unit itself. */
         if (result == JOB_TIMEOUT || result == JOB_DEPENDENCY) {
-                log_notice("Job %s/%s failed with result '%s'.",
+                log_struct_unit(LOG_NOTICE,
+                           u->id,
+                           "JOB_TYPE=%s", job_type_to_string(t),
+                           "JOB_RESULT=%s", job_result_to_string(result),
+                           "Job %s/%s failed with result '%s'.",
                            u->id,
                            job_type_to_string(t),
-                           job_result_to_string(result));
+                           job_result_to_string(result),
+                           NULL);
 
                 unit_trigger_on_failure(u);
         }
@@ -666,7 +854,7 @@ finish:
 
         manager_check_finished(u->manager);
 
-        return recursed;
+        return 0;
 }
 
 int job_start_timer(Job *j) {
@@ -757,8 +945,9 @@ void job_timer_event(Job *j, uint64_t n_elapsed, Watch *w) {
         assert(j);
         assert(w == &j->timer_watch);
 
-        log_warning("Job %s/%s timed out.", j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
-        job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_TIMEOUT);
+        log_warning_unit(j->unit->id, "Job %s/%s timed out.",
+                         j->unit->id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
+        job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_TIMEOUT, true);
 }
 
 int job_serialize(Job *j, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
@@ -766,6 +955,7 @@ int job_serialize(Job *j, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
         fprintf(f, "job-type=%s\n", job_type_to_string(j->type));
         fprintf(f, "job-state=%s\n", job_state_to_string(j->state));
         fprintf(f, "job-override=%s\n", yes_no(j->override));
+        fprintf(f, "job-irreversible=%s\n", yes_no(j->irreversible));
         fprintf(f, "job-sent-dbus-new-signal=%s\n", yes_no(j->sent_dbus_new_signal));
         fprintf(f, "job-ignore-order=%s\n", yes_no(j->ignore_order));
         /* Cannot save bus clients. Just note the fact that we're losing
@@ -817,6 +1007,8 @@ int job_deserialize(Job *j, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
                         JobType t = job_type_from_string(v);
                         if (t < 0)
                                 log_debug("Failed to parse job type %s", v);
+                        else if (t >= _JOB_TYPE_MAX_IN_TRANSACTION)
+                                log_debug("Cannot deserialize job of type %s", v);
                         else
                                 j->type = t;
                 } else if (streq(l, "job-state")) {
@@ -831,6 +1023,12 @@ int job_deserialize(Job *j, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
                                 log_debug("Failed to parse job override flag %s", v);
                         else
                                 j->override = j->override || b;
+                } else if (streq(l, "job-irreversible")) {
+                        int b = parse_boolean(v);
+                        if (b < 0)
+                                log_debug("Failed to parse job irreversible flag %s", v);
+                        else
+                                j->irreversible = j->irreversible || b;
                 } else if (streq(l, "job-sent-dbus-new-signal")) {
                         int b = parse_boolean(v);
                         if (b < 0)
@@ -881,6 +1079,29 @@ int job_coldplug(Job *j) {
         return 0;
 }
 
+void job_shutdown_magic(Job *j) {
+        assert(j);
+
+        /* The shutdown target gets some special treatment here: we
+         * tell the kernel to begin with flushing its disk caches, to
+         * optimize shutdown time a bit. Ideally we wouldn't hardcode
+         * this magic into PID 1. However all other processes aren't
+         * options either since they'd exit much sooner than PID 1 and
+         * asynchronous sync() would cause their exit to be
+         * delayed. */
+
+        if (!unit_has_name(j->unit, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET))
+                return;
+
+        if (j->type != JOB_START)
+                return;
+
+        if (detect_container(NULL) > 0)
+                return;
+
+        asynchronous_sync();
+}
+
 static const char* const job_state_table[_JOB_STATE_MAX] = {
         [JOB_WAITING] = "waiting",
         [JOB_RUNNING] = "running"
@@ -896,6 +1117,7 @@ static const char* const job_type_table[_JOB_TYPE_MAX] = {
         [JOB_RELOAD_OR_START] = "reload-or-start",
         [JOB_RESTART] = "restart",
         [JOB_TRY_RESTART] = "try-restart",
+        [JOB_NOP] = "nop",
 };
 
 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(job_type, JobType);
@@ -903,6 +1125,7 @@ DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(job_type, JobType);
 static const char* const job_mode_table[_JOB_MODE_MAX] = {
         [JOB_FAIL] = "fail",
         [JOB_REPLACE] = "replace",
+        [JOB_REPLACE_IRREVERSIBLY] = "replace-irreversibly",
         [JOB_ISOLATE] = "isolate",
         [JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES] = "ignore-dependencies",
         [JOB_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS] = "ignore-requirements"