chiark / gitweb /
strv: introduce new strv_from_stdarg_alloca() macro to generate a string array from...
[elogind.git] / src / core / execute.c
index 7dc15044b4982866719a40801f0cee18378b903e..3ae28ee080af0531863c13da866d393c826f1474 100644 (file)
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 #include <sys/poll.h>
 #include <linux/seccomp-bpf.h>
 #include <glob.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
 
 #ifdef HAVE_PAM
 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
@@ -54,7 +55,6 @@
 #include "sd-messages.h"
 #include "ioprio.h"
 #include "securebits.h"
-#include "cgroup.h"
 #include "namespace.h"
 #include "tcpwrap.h"
 #include "exit-status.h"
 #include "loopback-setup.h"
 #include "path-util.h"
 #include "syscall-list.h"
+#include "env-util.h"
+#include "fileio.h"
+#include "unit.h"
+#include "async.h"
 
 #define IDLE_TIMEOUT_USEC (5*USEC_PER_SEC)
+#define IDLE_TIMEOUT2_USEC (1*USEC_PER_SEC)
 
 /* This assumes there is a 'tty' group */
 #define TTY_MODE 0620
@@ -141,7 +146,7 @@ static int flags_fds(const int fds[], unsigned n_fds, bool nonblock) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-static const char *tty_path(const ExecContext *context) {
+_pure_ static const char *tty_path(const ExecContext *context) {
         assert(context);
 
         if (context->tty_path)
@@ -163,6 +168,26 @@ void exec_context_tty_reset(const ExecContext *context) {
                 vt_disallocate(context->tty_path);
 }
 
+static bool is_terminal_output(ExecOutput o) {
+        return
+                o == EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY ||
+                o == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE ||
+                o == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE ||
+                o == EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE;
+}
+
+void exec_context_serialize(const ExecContext *context, Unit *u, FILE *f) {
+        assert(context);
+        assert(u);
+        assert(f);
+
+        if (context->tmp_dir)
+                unit_serialize_item(u, f, "tmp-dir", context->tmp_dir);
+
+        if (context->var_tmp_dir)
+                unit_serialize_item(u, f, "var-tmp-dir", context->var_tmp_dir);
+}
+
 static int open_null_as(int flags, int nfd) {
         int fd, r;
 
@@ -182,7 +207,10 @@ static int open_null_as(int flags, int nfd) {
 
 static int connect_logger_as(const ExecContext *context, ExecOutput output, const char *ident, const char *unit_id, int nfd) {
         int fd, r;
-        union sockaddr_union sa;
+        union sockaddr_union sa = {
+                .un.sun_family = AF_UNIX,
+                .un.sun_path = "/run/systemd/journal/stdout",
+        };
 
         assert(context);
         assert(output < _EXEC_OUTPUT_MAX);
@@ -193,10 +221,6 @@ static int connect_logger_as(const ExecContext *context, ExecOutput output, cons
         if (fd < 0)
                 return -errno;
 
-        zero(sa);
-        sa.un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
-        strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/journal/stdout", sizeof(sa.un.sun_path));
-
         r = connect(fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + strlen(sa.un.sun_path));
         if (r < 0) {
                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
@@ -222,7 +246,7 @@ static int connect_logger_as(const ExecContext *context, ExecOutput output, cons
                 !!context->syslog_level_prefix,
                 output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG || output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE,
                 output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG || output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE,
-                output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE || output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE || output == EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE);
+                is_terminal_output(output));
 
         if (fd != nfd) {
                 r = dup2(fd, nfd) < 0 ? -errno : nfd;
@@ -293,12 +317,12 @@ static int setup_input(const ExecContext *context, int socket_fd, bool apply_tty
         case EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FAIL: {
                 int fd, r;
 
-                if ((fd = acquire_terminal(
-                                     tty_path(context),
-                                     i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FAIL,
-                                     i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FORCE,
-                                     false,
-                                     (usec_t) -1)) < 0)
+                fd = acquire_terminal(tty_path(context),
+                                      i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FAIL,
+                                      i == EXEC_INPUT_TTY_FORCE,
+                                      false,
+                                      (usec_t) -1);
+                if (fd < 0)
                         return fd;
 
                 if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
@@ -318,9 +342,10 @@ static int setup_input(const ExecContext *context, int socket_fd, bool apply_tty
         }
 }
 
-static int setup_output(const ExecContext *context, int socket_fd, const char *ident, const char *unit_id, bool apply_tty_stdin) {
+static int setup_output(const ExecContext *context, int fileno, int socket_fd, const char *ident, const char *unit_id, bool apply_tty_stdin) {
         ExecOutput o;
         ExecInput i;
+        int r;
 
         assert(context);
         assert(ident);
@@ -328,91 +353,55 @@ static int setup_output(const ExecContext *context, int socket_fd, const char *i
         i = fixup_input(context->std_input, socket_fd, apply_tty_stdin);
         o = fixup_output(context->std_output, socket_fd);
 
-        /* This expects the input is already set up */
+        if (fileno == STDERR_FILENO) {
+                ExecOutput e;
+                e = fixup_output(context->std_error, socket_fd);
 
-        switch (o) {
+                /* This expects the input and output are already set up */
+
+                /* Don't change the stderr file descriptor if we inherit all
+                 * the way and are not on a tty */
+                if (e == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT &&
+                    o == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT &&
+                    i == EXEC_INPUT_NULL &&
+                    !is_terminal_input(context->std_input) &&
+                    getppid () != 1)
+                        return fileno;
+
+                /* Duplicate from stdout if possible */
+                if (e == o || e == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT)
+                        return dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, fileno) < 0 ? -errno : fileno;
 
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT:
+                o = e;
 
+        } else if (o == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT) {
                 /* If input got downgraded, inherit the original value */
                 if (i == EXEC_INPUT_NULL && is_terminal_input(context->std_input))
-                        return open_terminal_as(tty_path(context), O_WRONLY, STDOUT_FILENO);
+                        return open_terminal_as(tty_path(context), O_WRONLY, fileno);
 
                 /* If the input is connected to anything that's not a /dev/null, inherit that... */
                 if (i != EXEC_INPUT_NULL)
-                        return dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0 ? -errno : STDOUT_FILENO;
+                        return dup2(STDIN_FILENO, fileno) < 0 ? -errno : fileno;
 
                 /* If we are not started from PID 1 we just inherit STDOUT from our parent process. */
                 if (getppid() != 1)
-                        return STDOUT_FILENO;
-
-                /* We need to open /dev/null here anew, to get the
-                 * right access mode. So we fall through */
-
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_NULL:
-                return open_null_as(O_WRONLY, STDOUT_FILENO);
-
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY:
-                if (is_terminal_input(i))
-                        return dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0 ? -errno : STDOUT_FILENO;
+                        return fileno;
 
-                /* We don't reset the terminal if this is just about output */
-                return open_terminal_as(tty_path(context), O_WRONLY, STDOUT_FILENO);
-
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG:
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE:
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG:
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE:
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL:
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE:
-                return connect_logger_as(context, o, ident, unit_id, STDOUT_FILENO);
-
-        case EXEC_OUTPUT_SOCKET:
-                assert(socket_fd >= 0);
-                return dup2(socket_fd, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0 ? -errno : STDOUT_FILENO;
-
-        default:
-                assert_not_reached("Unknown output type");
+                /* We need to open /dev/null here anew, to get the right access mode. */
+                return open_null_as(O_WRONLY, fileno);
         }
-}
-
-static int setup_error(const ExecContext *context, int socket_fd, const char *ident, const char *unit_id, bool apply_tty_stdin) {
-        ExecOutput o, e;
-        ExecInput i;
-
-        assert(context);
-        assert(ident);
-
-        i = fixup_input(context->std_input, socket_fd, apply_tty_stdin);
-        o = fixup_output(context->std_output, socket_fd);
-        e = fixup_output(context->std_error, socket_fd);
 
-        /* This expects the input and output are already set up */
-
-        /* Don't change the stderr file descriptor if we inherit all
-         * the way and are not on a tty */
-        if (e == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT &&
-            o == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT &&
-            i == EXEC_INPUT_NULL &&
-            !is_terminal_input(context->std_input) &&
-            getppid () != 1)
-                return STDERR_FILENO;
-
-        /* Duplicate from stdout if possible */
-        if (e == o || e == EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT)
-                return dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO) < 0 ? -errno : STDERR_FILENO;
-
-        switch (e) {
+        switch (o) {
 
         case EXEC_OUTPUT_NULL:
-                return open_null_as(O_WRONLY, STDERR_FILENO);
+                return open_null_as(O_WRONLY, fileno);
 
         case EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY:
                 if (is_terminal_input(i))
-                        return dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO) < 0 ? -errno : STDERR_FILENO;
+                        return dup2(STDIN_FILENO, fileno) < 0 ? -errno : fileno;
 
                 /* We don't reset the terminal if this is just about output */
-                return open_terminal_as(tty_path(context), O_WRONLY, STDERR_FILENO);
+                return open_terminal_as(tty_path(context), O_WRONLY, fileno);
 
         case EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG:
         case EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG_AND_CONSOLE:
@@ -420,11 +409,21 @@ static int setup_error(const ExecContext *context, int socket_fd, const char *id
         case EXEC_OUTPUT_KMSG_AND_CONSOLE:
         case EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL:
         case EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL_AND_CONSOLE:
-                return connect_logger_as(context, e, ident, unit_id, STDERR_FILENO);
+                r = connect_logger_as(context, o, ident, unit_id, fileno);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_struct_unit(LOG_CRIT, unit_id,
+                                "MESSAGE=Failed to connect std%s of %s to the journal socket: %s",
+                                fileno == STDOUT_FILENO ? "out" : "err",
+                                unit_id, strerror(-r),
+                                "ERRNO=%d", -r,
+                                NULL);
+                        r = open_null_as(O_WRONLY, fileno);
+                }
+                return r;
 
         case EXEC_OUTPUT_SOCKET:
                 assert(socket_fd >= 0);
-                return dup2(socket_fd, STDERR_FILENO) < 0 ? -errno : STDERR_FILENO;
+                return dup2(socket_fd, fileno) < 0 ? -errno : fileno;
 
         default:
                 assert_not_reached("Unknown error type");
@@ -512,7 +511,7 @@ fail:
         return r;
 }
 
-static int write_confirm_message(const char *format, ...) {
+_printf_(1, 2) static int write_confirm_message(const char *format, ...) {
         int fd;
         va_list ap;
 
@@ -673,9 +672,9 @@ static int enforce_user(const ExecContext *context, uid_t uid) {
 
                 /* First step: If we need to keep capabilities but
                  * drop privileges we need to make sure we keep our
-                 * caps, whiel we drop privileges. */
+                 * caps, while we drop privileges. */
                 if (uid != 0) {
-                        int sb = context->secure_bits|SECURE_KEEP_CAPS;
+                        int sb = context->secure_bits | 1<<SECURE_KEEP_CAPS;
 
                         if (prctl(PR_GET_SECUREBITS) != sb)
                                 if (prctl(PR_SET_SECUREBITS, sb) < 0)
@@ -749,6 +748,7 @@ static int setup_pam(
         char **e = NULL;
         bool close_session = false;
         pid_t pam_pid = 0, parent_pid;
+        int flags = 0;
 
         assert(name);
         assert(user);
@@ -761,24 +761,33 @@ static int setup_pam(
          * daemon. We do things this way to ensure that the main PID
          * of the daemon is the one we initially fork()ed. */
 
-        if ((pam_code = pam_start(name, user, &conv, &handle)) != PAM_SUCCESS) {
+        if (log_get_max_level() < LOG_PRI(LOG_DEBUG))
+                flags |= PAM_SILENT;
+
+        pam_code = pam_start(name, user, &conv, &handle);
+        if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS) {
                 handle = NULL;
                 goto fail;
         }
 
-        if (tty)
-                if ((pam_code = pam_set_item(handle, PAM_TTY, tty)) != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        if (tty) {
+                pam_code = pam_set_item(handle, PAM_TTY, tty);
+                if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
                         goto fail;
+        }
 
-        if ((pam_code = pam_acct_mgmt(handle, PAM_SILENT)) != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        pam_code = pam_acct_mgmt(handle, flags);
+        if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
                 goto fail;
 
-        if ((pam_code = pam_open_session(handle, PAM_SILENT)) != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        pam_code = pam_open_session(handle, flags);
+        if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
                 goto fail;
 
         close_session = true;
 
-        if ((!(e = pam_getenvlist(handle)))) {
+        e = pam_getenvlist(handle);
+        if (!e) {
                 pam_code = PAM_BUF_ERR;
                 goto fail;
         }
@@ -792,7 +801,8 @@ static int setup_pam(
 
         parent_pid = getpid();
 
-        if ((pam_pid = fork()) < 0)
+        pam_pid = fork();
+        if (pam_pid < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
         if (pam_pid == 0) {
@@ -843,14 +853,16 @@ static int setup_pam(
                 }
 
                 /* If our parent died we'll end the session */
-                if (getppid() != parent_pid)
-                        if ((pam_code = pam_close_session(handle, PAM_DATA_SILENT)) != PAM_SUCCESS)
+                if (getppid() != parent_pid) {
+                        pam_code = pam_close_session(handle, flags);
+                        if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
                                 goto child_finish;
+                }
 
                 r = 0;
 
         child_finish:
-                pam_end(handle, pam_code | PAM_DATA_SILENT);
+                pam_end(handle, pam_code | flags);
                 _exit(r);
         }
 
@@ -872,16 +884,19 @@ static int setup_pam(
         return 0;
 
 fail:
-        if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        if (pam_code != PAM_SUCCESS) {
+                log_error("PAM failed: %s", pam_strerror(handle, pam_code));
                 err = -EPERM;  /* PAM errors do not map to errno */
-        else
+        } else {
+                log_error("PAM failed: %m");
                 err = -errno;
+        }
 
         if (handle) {
                 if (close_session)
-                        pam_code = pam_close_session(handle, PAM_DATA_SILENT);
+                        pam_code = pam_close_session(handle, flags);
 
-                pam_end(handle, pam_code | PAM_DATA_SILENT);
+                pam_end(handle, pam_code | flags);
         }
 
         strv_free(e);
@@ -940,7 +955,7 @@ static int apply_seccomp(uint32_t *syscall_filter) {
         int i;
         unsigned n;
         struct sock_filter *f;
-        struct sock_fprog prog;
+        struct sock_fprog prog = {};
 
         assert(syscall_filter);
 
@@ -957,7 +972,7 @@ static int apply_seccomp(uint32_t *syscall_filter) {
         for (i = 0, n = 0; i < syscall_max(); i++)
                 if (syscall_filter[i >> 4] & (1 << (i & 31))) {
                         struct sock_filter item[] = {
-                                BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, i, 0, 1),
+                                BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, INDEX_TO_SYSCALL(i), 0, 1),
                                 BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW)
                         };
 
@@ -972,7 +987,6 @@ static int apply_seccomp(uint32_t *syscall_filter) {
         memcpy(f + (ELEMENTSOF(header) + 2*n), footer, sizeof(footer));
 
         /* Third: install the filter */
-        zero(prog);
         prog.len = ELEMENTSOF(header) + ELEMENTSOF(footer) + 2*n;
         prog.filter = f;
         if (prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP, SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER, &prog) < 0)
@@ -981,27 +995,55 @@ static int apply_seccomp(uint32_t *syscall_filter) {
         return 0;
 }
 
+static void do_idle_pipe_dance(int idle_pipe[4]) {
+        assert(idle_pipe);
+
+        if (idle_pipe[1] >= 0)
+                close_nointr_nofail(idle_pipe[1]);
+        if (idle_pipe[2] >= 0)
+                close_nointr_nofail(idle_pipe[2]);
+
+        if (idle_pipe[0] >= 0) {
+                int r;
+
+                r = fd_wait_for_event(idle_pipe[0], POLLHUP, IDLE_TIMEOUT_USEC);
+
+                if (idle_pipe[3] >= 0 && r == 0 /* timeout */) {
+                        /* Signal systemd that we are bored and want to continue. */
+                        write(idle_pipe[3], "x", 1);
+
+                        /* Wait for systemd to react to the signal above. */
+                        fd_wait_for_event(idle_pipe[0], POLLHUP, IDLE_TIMEOUT2_USEC);
+                }
+
+                close_nointr_nofail(idle_pipe[0]);
+
+        }
+
+        if (idle_pipe[3] >= 0)
+                close_nointr_nofail(idle_pipe[3]);
+}
+
 int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                char **argv,
-               const ExecContext *context,
+               ExecContext *context,
                int fds[], unsigned n_fds,
                char **environment,
                bool apply_permissions,
                bool apply_chroot,
                bool apply_tty_stdin,
                bool confirm_spawn,
-               CGroupBonding *cgroup_bondings,
-               CGroupAttribute *cgroup_attributes,
-               const char *cgroup_suffix,
+               CGroupControllerMask cgroup_supported,
+               const char *cgroup_path,
                const char *unit_id,
-               int idle_pipe[2],
+               int idle_pipe[4],
                pid_t *ret) {
 
+        _cleanup_strv_free_ char **files_env = NULL;
+        int socket_fd;
+        char *line;
         pid_t pid;
         int r;
-        char *line;
-        int socket_fd;
-        char _cleanup_strv_free_ **files_env = NULL;
 
         assert(command);
         assert(context);
@@ -1024,8 +1066,8 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
 
         r = exec_context_load_environment(context, &files_env);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_struct(LOG_ERR,
-                           "UNIT=%s", unit_id,
+                log_struct_unit(LOG_ERR,
+                           unit_id,
                            "MESSAGE=Failed to load environment files: %s", strerror(-r),
                            "ERRNO=%d", -r,
                            NULL);
@@ -1039,17 +1081,18 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
         if (!line)
                 return log_oom();
 
-        log_struct(LOG_DEBUG,
-                   "UNIT=%s", unit_id,
-                   "MESSAGE=About to execute %s", line,
-                   NULL);
+        log_struct_unit(LOG_DEBUG,
+                        unit_id,
+                        "EXECUTABLE=%s", command->path,
+                        "MESSAGE=About to execute: %s", line,
+                        NULL);
         free(line);
 
-        r = cgroup_bonding_realize_list(cgroup_bondings);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        cgroup_attribute_apply_list(cgroup_attributes, cgroup_bondings);
+        if (context->private_tmp && !context->tmp_dir && !context->var_tmp_dir) {
+                r = setup_tmpdirs(unit_id, &context->tmp_dir, &context->var_tmp_dir);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+        }
 
         pid = fork();
         if (pid < 0)
@@ -1058,13 +1101,12 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
         if (pid == 0) {
                 int i, err;
                 sigset_t ss;
-                const char *username = NULL, *home = NULL;
+                const char *username = NULL, *home = NULL, *shell = NULL;
                 uid_t uid = (uid_t) -1;
                 gid_t gid = (gid_t) -1;
-                char _cleanup_strv_free_ **our_env = NULL, **pam_env = NULL,
+                _cleanup_strv_free_ char **our_env = NULL, **pam_env = NULL,
                         **final_env = NULL, **final_argv = NULL;
                 unsigned n_env = 0;
-                bool set_access = false;
 
                 /* child */
 
@@ -1088,14 +1130,8 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                         goto fail_child;
                 }
 
-                if (idle_pipe) {
-                        if (idle_pipe[1] >= 0)
-                                close_nointr_nofail(idle_pipe[1]);
-                        if (idle_pipe[0] >= 0) {
-                                fd_wait_for_event(idle_pipe[0], POLLHUP, IDLE_TIMEOUT_USEC);
-                                close_nointr_nofail(idle_pipe[0]);
-                        }
-                }
+                if (idle_pipe)
+                        do_idle_pipe_dance(idle_pipe);
 
                 /* Close sockets very early to make sure we don't
                  * block init reexecution because it cannot bind its
@@ -1165,20 +1201,20 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                         goto fail_child;
                 }
 
-                err = setup_output(context, socket_fd, path_get_file_name(command->path), unit_id, apply_tty_stdin);
+                err = setup_output(context, STDOUT_FILENO, socket_fd, path_get_file_name(command->path), unit_id, apply_tty_stdin);
                 if (err < 0) {
                         r = EXIT_STDOUT;
                         goto fail_child;
                 }
 
-                err = setup_error(context, socket_fd, path_get_file_name(command->path), unit_id, apply_tty_stdin);
+                err = setup_output(context, STDERR_FILENO, socket_fd, path_get_file_name(command->path), unit_id, apply_tty_stdin);
                 if (err < 0) {
                         r = EXIT_STDERR;
                         goto fail_child;
                 }
 
-                if (cgroup_bondings) {
-                        err = cgroup_bonding_install_list(cgroup_bondings, 0, cgroup_suffix);
+                if (cgroup_path) {
+                        err = cg_attach_everywhere(cgroup_supported, cgroup_path, 0);
                         if (err < 0) {
                                 r = EXIT_CGROUP;
                                 goto fail_child;
@@ -1191,7 +1227,7 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                         snprintf(t, sizeof(t), "%i", context->oom_score_adjust);
                         char_array_0(t);
 
-                        if (write_one_line_file("/proc/self/oom_score_adj", t) < 0) {
+                        if (write_string_file("/proc/self/oom_score_adj", t) < 0) {
                                 err = -errno;
                                 r = EXIT_OOM_ADJUST;
                                 goto fail_child;
@@ -1206,13 +1242,16 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                         }
 
                 if (context->cpu_sched_set) {
-                        struct sched_param param;
-
-                        zero(param);
-                        param.sched_priority = context->cpu_sched_priority;
+                        struct sched_param param = {
+                                .sched_priority = context->cpu_sched_priority,
+                        };
 
-                        if (sched_setscheduler(0, context->cpu_sched_policy |
-                                               (context->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork ? SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK : 0), &param) < 0) {
+                        r = sched_setscheduler(0,
+                                               context->cpu_sched_policy |
+                                               (context->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork ?
+                                                SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK : 0),
+                                               &param);
+                        if (r < 0) {
                                 err = -errno;
                                 r = EXIT_SETSCHEDULER;
                                 goto fail_child;
@@ -1245,7 +1284,7 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
 
                 if (context->user) {
                         username = context->user;
-                        err = get_user_creds(&username, &uid, &gid, &home, NULL);
+                        err = get_user_creds(&username, &uid, &gid, &home, &shell);
                         if (err < 0) {
                                 r = EXIT_USER;
                                 goto fail_child;
@@ -1258,27 +1297,24 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                                         goto fail_child;
                                 }
                         }
+                }
 
-                        if (cgroup_bondings && context->control_group_modify) {
-                                err = cgroup_bonding_set_group_access_list(cgroup_bondings, 0755, uid, gid);
-                                if (err >= 0)
-                                        err = cgroup_bonding_set_task_access_list(cgroup_bondings, 0644, uid, gid, context->control_group_persistent);
-                                if (err < 0) {
-                                        r = EXIT_CGROUP;
-                                        goto fail_child;
-                                }
-
-                                set_access = true;
+#ifdef HAVE_PAM
+                if (cgroup_path && context->user && context->pam_name) {
+                        err = cg_set_task_access(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, cgroup_path, 0644, uid, gid);
+                        if (err < 0) {
+                                r = EXIT_CGROUP;
+                                goto fail_child;
                         }
-                }
 
-                if (cgroup_bondings && !set_access && context->control_group_persistent >= 0)  {
-                        err = cgroup_bonding_set_task_access_list(cgroup_bondings, (mode_t) -1, (uid_t) -1, (uid_t) -1, context->control_group_persistent);
+
+                        err = cg_set_group_access(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, cgroup_path, 0755, uid, gid);
                         if (err < 0) {
                                 r = EXIT_CGROUP;
                                 goto fail_child;
                         }
                 }
+#endif
 
                 if (apply_permissions) {
                         err = enforce_groups(context, username, gid);
@@ -1317,6 +1353,8 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                         err = setup_namespace(context->read_write_dirs,
                                               context->read_only_dirs,
                                               context->inaccessible_dirs,
+                                              context->tmp_dir,
+                                              context->var_tmp_dir,
                                               context->private_tmp,
                                               context->mount_flags);
                         if (err < 0) {
@@ -1339,7 +1377,7 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                                 goto fail_child;
                         }
                 } else {
-                        char _cleanup_free_ *d = NULL;
+                        _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
 
                         if (asprintf(&d, "%s/%s",
                                      context->root_directory ? context->root_directory : "",
@@ -1431,60 +1469,44 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                         }
                 }
 
-                if (!(our_env = new0(char*, 7))) {
+                our_env = new(char*, 8);
+                if (!our_env ||
+                    (n_fds > 0 && (
+                            asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LISTEN_PID=%lu", (unsigned long) getpid()) < 0 ||
+                            asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", n_fds) < 0)) ||
+                    (home && asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "HOME=%s", home) < 0) ||
+                    (username && (
+                            asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LOGNAME=%s", username) < 0 ||
+                            asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "USER=%s", username) < 0)) ||
+                    (shell && asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "SHELL=%s", shell) < 0) ||
+                    ((is_terminal_input(context->std_input) ||
+                      context->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY ||
+                      context->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY) && (
+                              !(our_env[n_env++] = strdup(default_term_for_tty(tty_path(context))))))) {
+
                         err = -ENOMEM;
                         r = EXIT_MEMORY;
                         goto fail_child;
                 }
 
-                if (n_fds > 0)
-                        if (asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LISTEN_PID=%lu", (unsigned long) getpid()) < 0 ||
-                            asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LISTEN_FDS=%u", n_fds) < 0) {
-                                err = -ENOMEM;
-                                r = EXIT_MEMORY;
-                                goto fail_child;
-                        }
-
-                if (home)
-                        if (asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "HOME=%s", home) < 0) {
-                                err = -ENOMEM;
-                                r = EXIT_MEMORY;
-                                goto fail_child;
-                        }
-
-                if (username)
-                        if (asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "LOGNAME=%s", username) < 0 ||
-                            asprintf(our_env + n_env++, "USER=%s", username) < 0) {
-                                err = -ENOMEM;
-                                r = EXIT_MEMORY;
-                                goto fail_child;
-                        }
-
-                if (is_terminal_input(context->std_input) ||
-                    context->std_output == EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY ||
-                    context->std_error == EXEC_OUTPUT_TTY)
-                        if (!(our_env[n_env++] = strdup(default_term_for_tty(tty_path(context))))) {
-                                err = -ENOMEM;
-                                r = EXIT_MEMORY;
-                                goto fail_child;
-                        }
-
-                assert(n_env <= 7);
-
-                if (!(final_env = strv_env_merge(
-                                      5,
-                                      environment,
-                                      our_env,
-                                      context->environment,
-                                      files_env,
-                                      pam_env,
-                                      NULL))) {
+                our_env[n_env++] = NULL;
+                assert(n_env <= 8);
+
+                final_env = strv_env_merge(5,
+                                           environment,
+                                           our_env,
+                                           context->environment,
+                                           files_env,
+                                           pam_env,
+                                           NULL);
+                if (!final_env) {
                         err = -ENOMEM;
                         r = EXIT_MEMORY;
                         goto fail_child;
                 }
 
-                if (!(final_argv = replace_env_argv(argv, final_env))) {
+                final_argv = replace_env_argv(argv, final_env);
+                if (!final_argv) {
                         err = -ENOMEM;
                         r = EXIT_MEMORY;
                         goto fail_child;
@@ -1492,6 +1514,20 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
 
                 final_env = strv_env_clean(final_env);
 
+                if (_unlikely_(log_get_max_level() >= LOG_PRI(LOG_DEBUG))) {
+                        line = exec_command_line(final_argv);
+                        if (line) {
+                                log_open();
+                                log_struct_unit(LOG_DEBUG,
+                                                unit_id,
+                                                "EXECUTABLE=%s", command->path,
+                                                "MESSAGE=Executing: %s", line,
+                                                NULL);
+                                log_close();
+                                free(line);
+                                line = NULL;
+                        }
+                }
                 execve(command->path, final_argv, final_env);
                 err = -errno;
                 r = EXIT_EXEC;
@@ -1512,19 +1548,19 @@ int exec_spawn(ExecCommand *command,
                 _exit(r);
         }
 
-        log_struct(LOG_DEBUG,
-                   "UNIT=%s", unit_id,
-                   "MESSAGE=Forked %s as %lu",
-                          command->path, (unsigned long) pid,
-                   NULL);
+        log_struct_unit(LOG_DEBUG,
+                        unit_id,
+                        "MESSAGE=Forked %s as %lu",
+                        command->path, (unsigned long) pid,
+                        NULL);
 
         /* We add the new process to the cgroup both in the child (so
          * that we can be sure that no user code is ever executed
          * outside of the cgroup) and in the parent (so that we can be
          * sure that when we kill the cgroup the process will be
          * killed too). */
-        if (cgroup_bondings)
-                cgroup_bonding_install_list(cgroup_bondings, pid, cgroup_suffix);
+        if (cgroup_path)
+                cg_attach(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, cgroup_path, pid);
 
         exec_status_start(&command->exec_status, pid);
 
@@ -1540,12 +1576,47 @@ void exec_context_init(ExecContext *c) {
         c->cpu_sched_policy = SCHED_OTHER;
         c->syslog_priority = LOG_DAEMON|LOG_INFO;
         c->syslog_level_prefix = true;
-        c->control_group_persistent = -1;
         c->ignore_sigpipe = true;
         c->timer_slack_nsec = (nsec_t) -1;
 }
 
-void exec_context_done(ExecContext *c) {
+static void *remove_tmpdir_thread(void *p) {
+        int r;
+        _cleanup_free_ char *dirp = p;
+        char *dir;
+
+        assert(dirp);
+
+        r = rm_rf_dangerous(dirp, false, true, false);
+        dir = dirname(dirp);
+        if (r < 0)
+                log_warning("Failed to remove content of temporary directory %s: %s",
+                            dir, strerror(-r));
+        else {
+                r = rmdir(dir);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        log_warning("Failed to remove temporary directory %s: %s",
+                                    dir, strerror(-r));
+        }
+
+        return NULL;
+}
+
+void exec_context_tmp_dirs_done(ExecContext *c) {
+        char* dirs[] = {c->tmp_dir ? c->tmp_dir : c->var_tmp_dir,
+                        c->tmp_dir ? c->var_tmp_dir : NULL,
+                        NULL};
+        char **dirp;
+
+        for(dirp = dirs; *dirp; dirp++) {
+                log_debug("Spawning thread to nuke %s", *dirp);
+                asynchronous_job(remove_tmpdir_thread, *dirp);
+        }
+
+        c->tmp_dir = c->var_tmp_dir = NULL;
+}
+
+void exec_context_done(ExecContext *c, bool reloading_or_reexecuting) {
         unsigned l;
 
         assert(c);
@@ -1609,6 +1680,9 @@ void exec_context_done(ExecContext *c) {
 
         free(c->syscall_filter);
         c->syscall_filter = NULL;
+
+        if (!reloading_or_reexecuting)
+                exec_context_tmp_dirs_done(c);
 }
 
 void exec_command_done(ExecCommand *c) {
@@ -1632,7 +1706,7 @@ void exec_command_free_list(ExecCommand *c) {
         ExecCommand *i;
 
         while ((i = c)) {
-                LIST_REMOVE(ExecCommand, command, c, i);
+                LIST_REMOVE(command, c, i);
                 exec_command_done(i);
                 free(i);
         }
@@ -1658,7 +1732,7 @@ int exec_context_load_environment(const ExecContext *c, char ***l) {
                 int k;
                 bool ignore = false;
                 char **p;
-                glob_t pglob;
+                _cleanup_globfree_ glob_t pglob = {};
                 int count, n;
 
                 fn = *i;
@@ -1669,7 +1743,6 @@ int exec_context_load_environment(const ExecContext *c, char ***l) {
                 }
 
                 if (!path_is_absolute(fn)) {
-
                         if (ignore)
                                 continue;
 
@@ -1678,10 +1751,8 @@ int exec_context_load_environment(const ExecContext *c, char ***l) {
                 }
 
                 /* Filename supports globbing, take all matching files */
-                zero(pglob);
                 errno = 0;
                 if (glob(fn, 0, NULL, &pglob) != 0) {
-                        globfree(&pglob);
                         if (ignore)
                                 continue;
 
@@ -1690,7 +1761,6 @@ int exec_context_load_environment(const ExecContext *c, char ***l) {
                 }
                 count = pglob.gl_pathc;
                 if (count == 0) {
-                        globfree(&pglob);
                         if (ignore)
                                 continue;
 
@@ -1698,15 +1768,17 @@ int exec_context_load_environment(const ExecContext *c, char ***l) {
                         return -EINVAL;
                 }
                 for (n = 0; n < count; n++) {
-                        k = load_env_file(pglob.gl_pathv[n], &p);
+                        k = load_env_file(pglob.gl_pathv[n], NULL, &p);
                         if (k < 0) {
                                 if (ignore)
                                         continue;
 
                                 strv_free(r);
-                                globfree(&pglob);
                                 return k;
-                         }
+                        }
+                        /* Log invalid environment variables with filename */
+                        if (p)
+                                p = strv_env_clean_log(p, pglob.gl_pathv[n]);
 
                         if (r == NULL)
                                 r = p;
@@ -1716,16 +1788,12 @@ int exec_context_load_environment(const ExecContext *c, char ***l) {
                                 m = strv_env_merge(2, r, p);
                                 strv_free(r);
                                 strv_free(p);
-
-                                if (!m) {
-                                        globfree(&pglob);
+                                if (!m)
                                         return -ENOMEM;
-                                }
 
                                 r = m;
                         }
                 }
-                globfree(&pglob);
         }
 
         *l = r;
@@ -1733,6 +1801,37 @@ int exec_context_load_environment(const ExecContext *c, char ***l) {
         return 0;
 }
 
+static bool tty_may_match_dev_console(const char *tty) {
+        char *active = NULL, *console;
+        bool b;
+
+        if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
+                tty += 5;
+
+        /* trivial identity? */
+        if (streq(tty, "console"))
+                return true;
+
+        console = resolve_dev_console(&active);
+        /* if we could not resolve, assume it may */
+        if (!console)
+                return true;
+
+        /* "tty0" means the active VC, so it may be the same sometimes */
+        b = streq(console, tty) || (streq(console, "tty0") && tty_is_vc(tty));
+        free(active);
+
+        return b;
+}
+
+bool exec_context_may_touch_console(ExecContext *ec) {
+        return (ec->tty_reset || ec->tty_vhangup || ec->tty_vt_disallocate ||
+                is_terminal_input(ec->std_input) ||
+                is_terminal_output(ec->std_output) ||
+                is_terminal_output(ec->std_error)) &&
+               tty_may_match_dev_console(tty_path(ec));
+}
+
 static void strv_fprintf(FILE *f, char **l) {
         char **g;
 
@@ -1743,14 +1842,13 @@ static void strv_fprintf(FILE *f, char **l) {
 }
 
 void exec_context_dump(ExecContext *c, FILE* f, const char *prefix) {
-        char ** e;
+        char **e;
         unsigned i;
 
         assert(c);
         assert(f);
 
-        if (!prefix)
-                prefix = "";
+        prefix = strempty(prefix);
 
         fprintf(f,
                 "%sUMask: %04o\n"
@@ -1758,8 +1856,6 @@ void exec_context_dump(ExecContext *c, FILE* f, const char *prefix) {
                 "%sRootDirectory: %s\n"
                 "%sNonBlocking: %s\n"
                 "%sPrivateTmp: %s\n"
-                "%sControlGroupModify: %s\n"
-                "%sControlGroupPersistent: %s\n"
                 "%sPrivateNetwork: %s\n"
                 "%sIgnoreSIGPIPE: %s\n",
                 prefix, c->umask,
@@ -1767,8 +1863,6 @@ void exec_context_dump(ExecContext *c, FILE* f, const char *prefix) {
                 prefix, c->root_directory ? c->root_directory : "/",
                 prefix, yes_no(c->non_blocking),
                 prefix, yes_no(c->private_tmp),
-                prefix, yes_no(c->control_group_modify),
-                prefix, yes_no(c->control_group_persistent),
                 prefix, yes_no(c->private_network),
                 prefix, yes_no(c->ignore_sigpipe));
 
@@ -1827,7 +1921,7 @@ void exec_context_dump(ExecContext *c, FILE* f, const char *prefix) {
                         prefix, c->cpu_sched_priority,
                         prefix, yes_no(c->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork));
                 free(policy_str);
-       }
+        }
 
         if (c->cpuset) {
                 fprintf(f, "%sCPUAffinity:", prefix);
@@ -1895,12 +1989,12 @@ void exec_context_dump(ExecContext *c, FILE* f, const char *prefix) {
         if (c->secure_bits)
                 fprintf(f, "%sSecure Bits:%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
                         prefix,
-                        (c->secure_bits & SECURE_KEEP_CAPS) ? " keep-caps" : "",
-                        (c->secure_bits & SECURE_KEEP_CAPS_LOCKED) ? " keep-caps-locked" : "",
-                        (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP) ? " no-setuid-fixup" : "",
-                        (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP_LOCKED) ? " no-setuid-fixup-locked" : "",
-                        (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NOROOT) ? " noroot" : "",
-                        (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NOROOT_LOCKED) ? "noroot-locked" : "");
+                        (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_KEEP_CAPS) ? " keep-caps" : "",
+                        (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_KEEP_CAPS_LOCKED) ? " keep-caps-locked" : "",
+                        (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP) ? " no-setuid-fixup" : "",
+                        (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP_LOCKED) ? " no-setuid-fixup-locked" : "",
+                        (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_NOROOT) ? " noroot" : "",
+                        (c->secure_bits & 1<<SECURE_NOROOT_LOCKED) ? "noroot-locked" : "");
 
         if (c->capability_bounding_set_drop) {
                 unsigned long l;
@@ -2100,8 +2194,8 @@ void exec_command_append_list(ExecCommand **l, ExecCommand *e) {
 
         if (*l) {
                 /* It's kind of important, that we keep the order here */
-                LIST_FIND_TAIL(ExecCommand, command, *l, end);
-                LIST_INSERT_AFTER(ExecCommand, command, *l, end, e);
+                LIST_FIND_TAIL(command, *l, end);
+                LIST_INSERT_AFTER(command, *l, end, e);
         } else
               *l = e;
 }
@@ -2120,7 +2214,8 @@ int exec_command_set(ExecCommand *c, const char *path, ...) {
         if (!l)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
+        p = strdup(path);
+        if (!p) {
                 strv_free(l);
                 return -ENOMEM;
         }