script. This is useful for compatibility with
SysV. Note that this compatibility is quite
comprehensive but not 100%. For details about the
- incompatibilities see the <ulink
+ incompatibilities
, see the <ulink
url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Incompatibilities">Incompatibilities
with SysV</ulink> document.
</para>
<para>If set to
<option>simple</option> (the default
- value if neither
+ if neither
<varname>Type=</varname> nor
- <varname>BusName=</varname> are
+ <varname>BusName=</varname>, but
+ <varname>ExecStart=</varname> are
specified), it is expected that the
process configured with
<varname>ExecStart=</varname> is the
<varname>PIDFile=</varname> option, so
that systemd can identify the main
process of the daemon. systemd will
- proceed starting follow-up units as
- soon as the parent process
+ proceed with starting follow-up units
+ as soon as the parent process
exits.</para>
<para>Behavior of
- <option>oneshot</option> is similar
- to <option>simple</option>, however
- it is expected that the process has to
+ <option>oneshot</option> is similar to
+ <option>simple</option>; however, it
+ is expected that the process has to
exit before systemd starts follow-up
units. <varname>RemainAfterExit=</varname>
is particularly useful for this type
- of service.</para>
+ of service. This is the implied
+ default if neither
+ <varname>Type=</varname> or
+ <varname>ExecStart=</varname> are
+ specified.</para>
<para>Behavior of
<option>dbus</option> is similar to
- <option>simple</option>, however it is
+ <option>simple</option>; however, it is
expected that the daemon acquires a
name on the D-Bus bus, as configured
by
<varname>BusName=</varname>. systemd
- will proceed starting follow-up units
- after the D-Bus bus name has been
+ will proceed with starting follow-up
+ units after the D-Bus bus name has been
acquired. Service units with this
option configured implicitly gain
dependencies on the
<para>Behavior of
<option>notify</option> is similar to
- <option>simple</option>, however it is
+ <option>simple</option>; however, it is
expected that the daemon sends a
notification message via
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_notify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- or an equivalent call when it finished
- starting up. systemd will proceed
+ or an equivalent call when it has finished
+ starting up. systemd will proceed with
starting follow-up units after this
notification message has been sent. If
this option is used,
<para>Behavior of
<option>idle</option> is very similar
- to <option>simple</option>, however
+ to <option>simple</option>; however,
actual execution of the service
binary is delayed until all jobs are
dispatched. This may be used to avoid
is set and <option>PIDFile=</option>
is unset because for the other types
or with an explicitly configured PID
- file the main PID is always known. The
+ file, the main PID is always known. The
guessing algorithm might come to
incorrect conclusions if a daemon
consists of more than one process. If
<term><varname>BusName=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Takes a D-Bus bus
- name, that this service is reachable
+ name that this service is reachable
as. This option is mandatory for
services where
<varname>Type=</varname> is set to
<option>dbus</option>, but its use
- is otherwise recommended as well if
- the process takes a name on the D-Bus
- bus.</para>
+ is otherwise recommended if the process
+ takes a name on the D-Bus bus.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>BusPolicy=</varname></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>If specfied, a custom kdbus
+ endpoint will be created and installed as the
+ default bus node for the service. Such a custom
+ endpoint can hold an own set of policy rules
+ that are enforced on top of the bus-wide ones.
+ The custom endpoint is named after the service
+ it was created for, and its node will be
+ bind-mounted over the default bus node
+ location, so the service can only access the
+ bus through its own endpoint. Note that custom
+ bus endpoints default to a 'deny all' policy.
+ Hence, if at least one
+ <varname>BusPolicy=</varname> directive is
+ given, you have to make sure to add explicit
+ rules for everything the service should be able
+ to do.</para>
+ <para>The value of this directive is comprised
+ of two parts; the bus name, and a verb to
+ specify to granted access, which is one of
+ <option>see</option>,
+ <option>talk</option> or
+ <option>own</option>.
+ <option>talk</option> implies
+ <option>see</option>, and <option>own</option>
+ implies both <option>talk</option> and
+ <option>see</option>.
+ If multiple access levels are specified for the
+ same bus name, the most powerful one takes
+ effect.
+ </para>
+ <para>Examples:</para>
+ <programlisting>BusPolicy=org.freedesktop.systemd1 talk</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>BusPolicy=org.foo.bar see</programlisting>
+ <para>This option is only available on kdbus enabled systems.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<para>When <varname>Type</varname> is
not <option>oneshot</option>, only one
- command may be given. When
+ command may and must be given. When
<varname>Type=oneshot</varname> is
- used, more than one command may be
- specified. Multiple command lines may
- be concatenated in a single directive,
- by separating them with semicolons
- (these semicolons must be passed as
- separate words). Alternatively, this
- directive may be specified more than
- once with the same effect.
- Lone semicolons may be escaped as
+ used, none or more than one command
+ may be specified. Multiple command
+ lines may be concatenated in a single
+ directive by separating them with
+ semicolons (these semicolons must be
+ passed as separate
+ words). Alternatively, this directive
+ may be specified more than once with
+ the same effect. Lone semicolons may
+ be escaped as
<literal>\;</literal>. If the empty
string is assigned to this option, the
list of commands to start is reset,
prior assignments of this option will
- have no effect.</para>
+ have no effect. If no
+ <varname>ExecStart=</varname> is
+ specified, then the service must have
+ <varname>RemainAfterExit=yes</varname>
+ set.</para>
<para>Each command line is split on
whitespace, with the first item being
<para>If more than one command is
specified, the commands are invoked
- one by one sequentially in the order
- they appear in the unit file. If one
- of the commands fails (and is not
- prefixed with <literal>-</literal>),
- other lines are not executed and the
- unit is considered failed.</para>
+ sequentially in the order they appear
+ in the unit file. If one of the
+ commands fails (and is not prefixed
+ with <literal>-</literal>), other lines
+ are not executed, and the unit is
+ considered failed.</para>
<para>Unless
<varname>Type=forking</varname> is
<para>Basic environment variable
substitution is supported. Use
<literal>${FOO}</literal> as part of a
- word, or as a word of its own on the
+ word, or as a word of its own, on the
command line, in which case it will be
replaced by the value of the
environment variable including all
fashion may be defined through
<varname>Environment=</varname> and
<varname>EnvironmentFile=</varname>.
- In addition, variables listed in
+ In addition, variables listed in the
section "Environment variables in
spawned processes" in
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
which are considered "static
- configuration" may used (this includes
+ configuration", may be used (this includes
e.g. <varname>$USER</varname>, but not
<varname>$TERM</varname>).</para>
be used, they need to be passed
explicitly to a shell implementation
of some kind. Example:</para>
- <programlisting>ExecStart=/bin/sh -c 'dmesg | tac'
- </programlisting>
-
+ <programlisting>ExecStart=/bin/sh -c 'dmesg | tac'</programlisting>
<para>Example:</para>
- <programlisting>ExecStart=/bin/echo one ; /bin/echo "two two"
- </programlisting>
+ <programlisting>ExecStart=/bin/echo one ; /bin/echo "two two"</programlisting>
<para>This will execute
<command>/bin/echo</command> two
- times, each time with one argument,
+ times, each time with one argument:
<literal>one</literal> and
<literal>two two</literal>,
- respectively. Since two commands are
+ respectively. Because two commands are
specified,
<varname>Type=oneshot</varname> must
be used.</para>
<para>Example:</para>
<programlisting>ExecStart=/bin/echo / >/dev/null & \; \
-/bin/ls
- </programlisting>
+/bin/ls</programlisting>
<para>This will execute
<command>/bin/echo</command> with five
arguments: <literal>/</literal>,
<para>Example:</para>
<programlisting>Environment="ONE=one" 'TWO=two two'
-ExecStart=/bin/echo $ONE $TWO ${TWO}
- </programlisting>
+ExecStart=/bin/echo $ONE $TWO ${TWO}</programlisting>
<para>This will execute
<command>/bin/echo</command> with four
arguments: <literal>one</literal>,
here following the same scheme as for
<varname>ExecStart=</varname>.</para>
- <para>One additional special
- environment variables is set: if known
+ <para>One additional, special
+ environment variable is set: if known,
<varname>$MAINPID</varname> is set to
the main process of the daemon, and
may be used for command lines like the
following:</para>
<programlisting>/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID</programlisting>
+
+ <para>Note however that reloading a
+ daemon by sending a signal (as with
+ the example line above) is usually not
+ a good choice, because this is an
+ asynchronous operation and hence not
+ suitable to order reloads of multiple
+ services against each other. It is
+ strongly recommended to set
+ <varname>ExecReload=</varname> to a
+ command that not only triggers a
+ configuration reload of the daemon,
+ but also synchronously waits for it to
+ complete.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
following the same scheme as described
for <varname>ExecStart=</varname>
above. Use of this setting is
- optional. All processes remaining for
- a service after the commands
- configured in this option are run are
+ optional. After the commands configured
+ in this option are run, all processes
+ remaining for a service are
terminated according to the
<varname>KillMode=</varname> setting
(see
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>). If
this option is not specified, the
- process is terminated right-away when
+ process is terminated immediately when
service stop is requested. Specifier
and environment variable substitution
is supported (including
daemon service does not signal
start-up completion within the
configured time, the service will be
- considered failed and be shut down
- again.
+ considered failed and will be shut
+ down again.
Takes a unit-less value in seconds, or a
time span value such as "5min
- 20s". Pass 0 to disable the timeout
- logic. Defaults to <varname>TimeoutStartSec=</varname> from the
- manager configuration file, except when
- <varname>Type=oneshot</varname> is
+ 20s". Pass <literal>0</literal> to
+ disable the timeout logic. Defaults to
+ <varname>DefaultTimeoutStartSec=</varname> from
+ the manager configuration file, except
+ when <varname>Type=oneshot</varname> is
used, in which case the timeout
- is disabled by default.
+ is disabled by default
+ (see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-systemd.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>).
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<term><varname>TimeoutStopSec=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Configures the time to
wait for stop. If a service is asked
- to stop but does not terminate in the
+ to stop, but does not terminate in the
specified time, it will be terminated
- forcibly via <constant>SIGTERM</constant>, and after
- another delay of this time with
- <constant>SIGKILL</constant> (See
+ forcibly via <constant>SIGTERM</constant>,
+ and after another timeout of equal duration
+ with <constant>SIGKILL</constant> (see
<varname>KillMode=</varname>
in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>).
Takes a unit-less value in seconds, or a
time span value such as "5min
- 20s". Pass 0 to disable the timeout
- logic. Defaults to <varname>TimeoutStartSec=</varname> from the
- manager configuration file.
+ 20s". Pass <literal>0</literal> to disable
+ the timeout logic. Defaults to
+ <varname>DefaultTimeoutStopSec=</varname> from the
+ manager configuration file
+ (see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-systemd.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>).
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
watchdog is activated when the start-up is
completed. The service must call
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_notify</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- regularly with "WATCHDOG=1" (i.e. the
- "keep-alive ping"). If the time
+ regularly with <literal>WATCHDOG=1</literal>
+ (i.e. the "keep-alive ping"). If the time
between two such calls is larger than
the configured time, then the service
- is placed in a failure state. By
+ is placed in a failed state. By
setting <varname>Restart=</varname> to
<option>on-failure</option> or
<option>always</option>, the service
service process exits, is killed,
or a timeout is reached. The service
process may be the main service
- process, but also one of the processes
- specified with
+ process, but it may also be one of the
+ processes specified with
<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>,
<varname>ExecStartPost=</varname>,
- <varname>ExecStopPre=</varname>,
+ <varname>ExecStop=</varname>,
<varname>ExecStopPost=</varname>, or
<varname>ExecReload=</varname>.
When the death of the process is a
<option>no</option>,
<option>on-success</option>,
<option>on-failure</option>,
+ <option>on-abnormal</option>,
<option>on-watchdog</option>,
<option>on-abort</option>, or
<option>always</option>. If set to
<option>no</option> (the default), the
- service will not be restarted. If set to
- <option>on-success</option>, it will be
- restarted only when the service process
- exits cleanly.
- In this context, a clean exit means
- an exit code of 0, or one of the signals
- <constant>SIGHUP</constant>, <constant>SIGINT</constant>, <constant>SIGTERM</constant>, or <constant>SIGPIPE</constant>, and
- additionally, exit statuses and signals
- specified in <varname>SuccessExitStatus=</varname>.
+ service will not be restarted. If set
+ to <option>on-success</option>, it
+ will be restarted only when the
+ service process exits cleanly. In
+ this context, a clean exit means an
+ exit code of 0, or one of the signals
+ <constant>SIGHUP</constant>,
+ <constant>SIGINT</constant>,
+ <constant>SIGTERM</constant> or
+ <constant>SIGPIPE</constant>, and
+ additionally, exit statuses and
+ signals specified in
+ <varname>SuccessExitStatus=</varname>.
If set to <option>on-failure</option>,
the service will be restarted when the
- process exits with an nonzero exit code,
- is terminated by a signal (including on
- core dump), when an operation (such as
- service reload) times out, and when the
- configured watchdog timeout is triggered.
- If set to
- <option>on-abort</option>, the service
- will be restarted only if the service
- process exits due to an uncaught
- signal not specified as a clean exit
- status.
- If set to
- <option>on-watchdog</option>, the service
- will be restarted only if the watchdog
- timeout for the service expires.
- If set to
+ process exits with a non-zero exit
+ code, is terminated by a signal
+ (including on core dump, but excluding
+ the aforementiond four signals), when
+ an operation (such as service reload)
+ times out, and when the configured
+ watchdog timeout is triggered. If set
+ to <option>on-abnormal</option>, the
+ service will be restarted when the
+ process is terminated by a signal
+ (including on core dump, excluding the
+ aforementioned four signals), when an
+ operation times out, or when the
+ watchdog timeout is triggered. If set
+ to <option>on-abort</option>, the
+ service will be restarted only if the
+ service process exits due to an
+ uncaught signal not specified as a
+ clean exit status. If set to
+ <option>on-watchdog</option>, the
+ service will be restarted only if the
+ watchdog timeout for the service
+ expires. If set to
<option>always</option>, the service
- will be restarted regardless of whether
- it exited cleanly or not, got
- terminated abnormally by a signal or
+ will be restarted regardless of
+ whether it exited cleanly or not, got
+ terminated abnormally by a signal, or
hit a timeout.</para>
- <para>In addition to the above settings,
- the service will not be restarted if the
- exit code or signal is specified in
+ <table>
+ <title>Exit causes and the effect of the <varname>Restart=</varname> settings on them</title>
+
+ <tgroup cols='2'>
+ <colspec colname='path' />
+ <colspec colname='expl' />
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Restart settings/Exit causes</entry>
+ <entry><option>no</option></entry>
+ <entry><option>always</option></entry>
+ <entry><option>on-success</option></entry>
+ <entry><option>on-failure</option></entry>
+ <entry><option>on-abnormal</option></entry>
+ <entry><option>on-abort</option></entry>
+ <entry><option>on-watchdog</option></entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Clean exit code or signal</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry/>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Unclean exit code</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry/>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Unclean signal</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Timeout</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry/>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>Watchdog</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ <entry/>
+ <entry>X</entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ <para>As exceptions to the setting
+ above the service will not be
+ restarted if the exit code or signal
+ is specified in
<varname>RestartPreventExitStatus=</varname>
- (see below).</para></listitem>
+ (see below). Also, the services will
+ always be restarted if the exit code
+ or signal is specified in
+ <varname>RestartForceExitStatus=</varname>
+ (see below).</para>
+
+ <para>Setting this to
+ <option>on-failure</option> is the
+ recommended choice for long-running
+ services, in order to increase
+ reliability by attempting automatic
+ recovery from errors. For services
+ that shall be able to terminate on
+ their own choice (and avoid
+ immediate restarting),
+ <option>on-abnormal</option> is an
+ alternative choice.</para>
+ </listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<constant>SIGTERM</constant>, and <constant>SIGPIPE</constant>. Exit status
definitions can either be numeric exit
codes or termination signal names,
- separated by spaces. Signals will only
- be considered if the service does not implement
- a signal handler and exits as a direct result
- of receiving the signal. For example:
- <programlisting>SuccessExitStatus=1 2 8 <constant>SIGKILL</constant></programlisting>
- ensures that exit codes 1, 2, 8 and
- the termination signal
- <constant>SIGKILL</constant> are
- considered clean service terminations.
- </para>
-
- <para>Note that if a process has a
- signal handler installed and exits by
- calling
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>_exit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- in response to a signal, the
- information about the signal is lost.
- Programs should instead perform cleanup and kill themselves with the same signal instead. See
- <ulink url="http://www.cons.org/cracauer/sigint.html">Proper handling of SIGINT/SIGQUIT — How to be a proper program</ulink>.</para>
-
- <para>This option may appear more than once
- in which case the list of successful
- exit statuses is merged. If the empty
- string is assigned to this option, the
- list is reset, all prior assignments
- of this option will have no
- effect.</para></listitem>
+ separated by spaces. For example:
+ <programlisting>SuccessExitStatus=1 2 8 SIGKILL</programlisting>
+ ensures that exit codes 1, 2, 8 and
+ the termination signal
+ <constant>SIGKILL</constant> are
+ considered clean service terminations.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>Note that if a process has a
+ signal handler installed and exits by
+ calling
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>_exit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ in response to a signal, the
+ information about the signal is lost.
+ Programs should instead perform cleanup and kill themselves with the same signal instead. See
+ <ulink url="http://www.cons.org/cracauer/sigint.html">Proper handling of SIGINT/SIGQUIT — How to be a proper program</ulink>.</para>
+
+ <para>This option may appear more than once,
+ in which case the list of successful
+ exit statuses is merged. If the empty
+ string is assigned to this option, the
+ list is reset, all prior assignments
+ of this option will have no
+ effect.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<listitem><para>Takes a list of exit
status definitions that when returned
by the main service process will
- prevent automatic service restarts
+ prevent automatic service restarts,
regardless of the restart setting
configured with
<varname>Restart=</varname>. Exit
numeric exit codes or termination
signal names, and are separated by
spaces. Defaults to the empty list, so
- that by default no exit status is
+ that, by default, no exit status is
excluded from the configured restart
- logic. Example:
- <literal>RestartPreventExitStatus=1 6
- SIGABRT</literal>, ensures that exit
+ logic. For example:
+ <programlisting>RestartPreventExitStatus=1 6 SIGABRT</programlisting> ensures that exit
codes 1 and 6 and the termination
- signal SIGABRT will not result in
- automatic service restarting. This
- option may appear more than once in
- which case the list of restart preventing
+ signal <constant>SIGABRT</constant> will
+ not result in automatic service
+ restarting. This
+ option may appear more than once, in
+ which case the list of restart-preventing
statuses is merged. If the empty
string is assigned to this option, the
- list is reset, all prior assignments
+ list is reset and all prior assignments
of this option will have no
effect.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>RestartForceExitStatus=</varname></term>
+ <listitem><para>Takes a list of exit
+ status definitions that when returned
+ by the main service process will force
+ automatic service restarts, regardless
+ of the restart setting configured with
+ <varname>Restart=</varname>. The
+ argument format is similar to
+ <varname>RestartPreventExitStatus=</varname>.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>PermissionsStartOnly=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
- argument. If true, the permission
- related execution options as
+ argument. If true, the permission-related
+ execution options, as
configured with
<varname>User=</varname> and similar
options (see
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- for more information) are only applied
+ for more information), are only applied
to the process started with
<varname>ExecStart=</varname>, and not
to the various other
<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>,
<varname>ExecStartPost=</varname>,
<varname>ExecReload=</varname>,
- <varname>ExecStop=</varname>,
+ <varname>ExecStop=</varname>, and
<varname>ExecStopPost=</varname>
commands. If false, the setting is
applied to all configured commands the
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>RootDirectoryStartOnly=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Takes a boolean
- argument. If true, the root directory
+ argument. If true, the root directory,
as configured with the
<varname>RootDirectory=</varname>
option (see
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- for more information) is only applied
+ for more information), is only applied
to the process started with
<varname>ExecStart=</varname>, and not
to the various other
<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>,
<varname>ExecStartPost=</varname>,
<varname>ExecReload=</varname>,
- <varname>ExecStop=</varname>,
+ <varname>ExecStop=</varname>, and
<varname>ExecStopPost=</varname>
commands. If false, the setting is
applied to all configured commands the
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>NonBlocking=</varname></term>
- <listitem><para>Set O_NONBLOCK flag
+ <listitem><para>Set the
+ <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag
for all file descriptors passed via
socket-based activation. If true, all
file descriptors >= 3 (i.e. all except
- STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR) will have
- the O_NONBLOCK flag set and hence are in
+ stdin, stdout, and stderr) will have
+ the <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> flag
+ set and hence are in
non-blocking mode. This option is only
useful in conjunction with a socket
unit, as described in
passed to multiple processes at the
same time. Also note that a different
service may be activated on incoming
- traffic than inherits the sockets. Or
- in other words: the
+ traffic than that which inherits the
+ sockets. Or in other words: the
<varname>Service=</varname> setting of
<filename>.socket</filename> units
does not have to match the inverse of
once, in which case the list of socket
units is merged. If the empty string
is assigned to this option, the list of
- sockets is reset, all prior uses of
+ sockets is reset, and all prior uses of
this setting will have no
effect.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<listitem><para>Configure service
start rate limiting. By default,
- services which are started more often
- than 5 times within 10s are not
+ services which are started more
+ than 5 times within 10 seconds are not
permitted to start any more times
- until the 10s interval ends. With
+ until the 10 second interval ends. With
these two options, this rate limiting
may be modified. Use
<varname>StartLimitInterval=</varname>
manager configuration file). These
configuration options are particularly
useful in conjunction with
- <varname>Restart=</varname>, however
- apply to all kinds of starts
+ <varname>Restart=</varname>; however,
+ they apply to all kinds of starts
(including manual), not just those
triggered by the
<varname>Restart=</varname> logic.
Note that units which are configured
for <varname>Restart=</varname> and
which reach the start limit are not
- attempted to be restarted anymore,
- however they may still be restarted
- manually at a later point from which
- point on the restart logic is again
+ attempted to be restarted anymore;
+ however, they may still be restarted
+ manually at a later point, from which
+ point on, the restart logic is again
activated. Note that
<command>systemctl
reset-failed</command> will cause the
hit. Takes one of
<option>none</option>,
<option>reboot</option>,
- <option>reboot-force</option> or
- <option>reboot-immediate</option>. If
- <option>none</option> is set,
- hitting the rate limit will trigger no
- action besides that the start will not
- be
+ <option>reboot-force</option>,
+ <option>reboot-immediate</option>,
+ <option>poweroff</option>,
+ <option>poweroff-force</option> or
+ <option>poweroff-immediate</option>. If
+ <option>none</option> is set, hitting
+ the rate limit will trigger no action
+ besides that the start will not be
permitted. <option>reboot</option>
causes a reboot following the normal
shutdown procedure (i.e. equivalent to
- <command>systemctl reboot</command>),
- <option>reboot-force</option> causes
- an forced reboot which will terminate
- all processes forcibly but should
- cause no dirty file systems on reboot
+ <command>systemctl reboot</command>).
+ <option>reboot-force</option> causes a
+ forced reboot which will terminate all
+ processes forcibly but should cause no
+ dirty file systems on reboot
(i.e. equivalent to <command>systemctl
reboot -f</command>) and
<option>reboot-immediate</option>
causes immediate execution of the
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>reboot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
system call, which might result in
- data loss. Defaults to
+ data loss. Similar,
+ <option>poweroff</option>,
+ <option>poweroff-force</option>,
+ <option>poweroff-immediate</option>
+ have the effect of powering down the
+ system with similar
+ semantics. Defaults to
<option>none</option>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>FailureAction=</varname></term>
+ <listitem><para>Configure the action
+ to take when the service enters a failed
+ state. Takes the same values as
+ <varname>StartLimitAction=</varname>
+ and executes the same actions.
+ Defaults to <option>none</option>.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>RebootArgument=</varname></term>
+ <listitem><para>Configure the optional
+ argument for the
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>reboot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ system call if
+ <varname>StartLimitAction=</varname>
+ or <varname>FailureAction=</varname>
+ is a reboot action. This works just
+ like the optional argument to
+ <command>systemctl reboot</command>
+ command.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
</variablelist>
<para>Check
in relation to SysV services lacking
LSB headers. This option is only
necessary to fix ordering in relation
- to legacy SysV services, that have no
+ to legacy SysV services that have no
ordering information encoded in the
- script headers. As such it should only
- be used as temporary compatibility
- option, and not be used in new unit
- files. Almost always it is a better
+ script headers. As such, it should only
+ be used as a temporary compatibility
+ option and should not be used in new unit
+ files. Almost always, it is a better
choice to add explicit ordering
directives via
<varname>After=</varname> or
<varname>Before=</varname>,
- instead. For more details see
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. If
- used, pass an integer value in the
+ instead. For more details, see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
+ If used, pass an integer value in the
range 0-99.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
-
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<title>See Also</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blobdiff