nspawn: catch config mistake of specifying -b and args

[elogind.git] / man / systemd-nspawn.xml

diff --git a/man/systemd-nspawn.xml b/man/systemd-nspawn.xml
index 71ce0aca438e1c581254156bd23bf74f687e1b1d..8396def003e59b3b61f793938ec6a7ab0108804b 100644 (file)
--- a/man/systemd-nspawn.xml
+++ b/man/systemd-nspawn.xml
@@ -49,7 +49,10 @@
 
         <refsynopsisdiv>
                 <cmdsynopsis>
 
         <refsynopsisdiv>
                 <cmdsynopsis>

-                        <command>systemd-nspawn <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg> <arg choice="opt">COMMAND</arg> <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">ARGS</arg></command>
+                        <command>systemd-nspawn</command>
+                        <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
+                        <arg choice="opt">COMMAND</arg>
+                        <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">ARGS</arg>

                 </cmdsynopsis>
         </refsynopsisdiv>
 
                 </cmdsynopsis>
         </refsynopsisdiv>
 


@@ -93,9 +96,10 @@
                 container.</para>
 
                 <para>Use a tool like
                 container.</para>
 
                 <para>Use a tool like

-                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>yum</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
-                or
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>yum</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,

                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>debootstrap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>debootstrap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>

+                or
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pacman</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>

                 to set up an OS directory tree suitable as file system
                 hierarchy for <command>systemd-nspawn</command>
                 containers.</para>
                 to set up an OS directory tree suitable as file system
                 hierarchy for <command>systemd-nspawn</command>
                 containers.</para>


@@ -113,7 +117,10 @@
                 see each other. The PID namespace separation of the
                 two containers is complete and the containers will
                 share very few runtime objects except for the
                 see each other. The PID namespace separation of the
                 two containers is complete and the containers will
                 share very few runtime objects except for the

-                underlying file system.</para>
+                underlying file system. It is however possible to
+                enter an existing container, see
+                <link linkend='example-nsenter'>Example 4</link> below.
+                </para>

 
                 <para><command>systemd-nspawn</command> implements the
                 <ulink
 
                 <para><command>systemd-nspawn</command> implements the
                 <ulink


@@ -131,16 +138,23 @@
 
                 <variablelist>
                         <varlistentry>
 
                 <variablelist>
                         <varlistentry>

-                                <term><option>--help</option></term>

                                 <term><option>-h</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-h</option></term>

+                                <term><option>--help</option></term>

 
                                 <listitem><para>Prints a short help
                                 text and exits.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Prints a short help
                                 text and exits.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>

-                                <term><option>--directory=</option></term>
+                                <term><option>--version</option></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Prints a version string
+                                and exits.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
+                        <varlistentry>

                                 <term><option>-D</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-D</option></term>

+                                <term><option>--directory=</option></term>

 
                                 <listitem><para>Directory to use as
                                 file system root for the namespace
 
                                 <listitem><para>Directory to use as
                                 file system root for the namespace


@@ -150,18 +164,20 @@
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>

-                                <term><option>--boot</option></term>

                                 <term><option>-b</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-b</option></term>

+                                <term><option>--boot</option></term>

 
                                 <listitem><para>Automatically search
                                 for an init binary and invoke it
                                 instead of a shell or a user supplied
 
                                 <listitem><para>Automatically search
                                 for an init binary and invoke it
                                 instead of a shell or a user supplied

-                                program.</para></listitem>
+                                program. A command to execute cannot
+                                be specified in this case.
+                                </para></listitem>

                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>

-                                <term><option>--user=</option></term>

                                 <term><option>-u</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-u</option></term>

+                                <term><option>--user=</option></term>

 
                                 <listitem><para>Run the command
                                 under specified user, create home
 
                                 <listitem><para>Run the command
                                 under specified user, create home


@@ -184,8 +200,8 @@
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>

-                                <term><option>--controllers=</option></term>

                                 <term><option>-C</option></term>
                                 <term><option>-C</option></term>

+                                <term><option>--controllers=</option></term>

 
                                 <listitem><para>Makes the container appear in
                                 other hierarchies than the name=systemd:/ one.
 
                                 <listitem><para>Makes the container appear in
                                 other hierarchies than the name=systemd:/ one.


@@ -220,8 +236,8 @@
                                 list of capability names, see
                                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                                 for more information. Note that the
                                 list of capability names, see
                                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                                 for more information. Note that the

-                                the following capabilities will be
-                                granted in any way: CAP_CHOWN,
+                                following capabilities will be granted
+                                in any way: CAP_CHOWN,

                                 CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE, CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH,
                                 CAP_FOWNER, CAP_FSETID, CAP_IPC_OWNER,
                                 CAP_KILL, CAP_LEASE,
                                 CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE, CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH,
                                 CAP_FOWNER, CAP_FSETID, CAP_IPC_OWNER,
                                 CAP_KILL, CAP_LEASE,


@@ -232,7 +248,9 @@
                                 CAP_SETUID, CAP_SYS_ADMIN,
                                 CAP_SYS_CHROOT, CAP_SYS_NICE,
                                 CAP_SYS_PTRACE, CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG,
                                 CAP_SETUID, CAP_SYS_ADMIN,
                                 CAP_SYS_CHROOT, CAP_SYS_NICE,
                                 CAP_SYS_PTRACE, CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG,

-                                CAP_SYS_RESOURCE, CAP_SYS_BOOT.</para></listitem>
+                                CAP_SYS_RESOURCE, CAP_SYS_BOOT,
+                                CAP_AUDIT_WRITE,
+                                CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL.</para></listitem>

                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>


@@ -252,13 +270,13 @@
                                 not linked. If <literal>host</literal>,
                                 the journal files are stored on the
                                 host file system (beneath
                                 not linked. If <literal>host</literal>,
                                 the journal files are stored on the
                                 host file system (beneath

-                                <filename>/var/log/journal/&lt;machine-id&gt;</filename>)
+                                <filename>/var/log/journal/<replaceable>machine-id</replaceable></filename>)

                                 and the subdirectory is bind-mounted
                                 into the container at the same
                                 location. If <literal>guest</literal>,
                                 the journal files are stored on the
                                 guest file system (beneath
                                 and the subdirectory is bind-mounted
                                 into the container at the same
                                 location. If <literal>guest</literal>,
                                 the journal files are stored on the
                                 guest file system (beneath

-                                <filename>/var/log/journal/&lt;machine-id&gt;</filename>)
+                                <filename>/var/log/journal/<replaceable>machine-id</replaceable></filename>)

                                 and the subdirectory is symlinked into the host
                                 at the same location. If
                                 <literal>auto</literal> (the default),
                                 and the subdirectory is symlinked into the host
                                 at the same location. If
                                 <literal>auto</literal> (the default),


@@ -289,13 +307,13 @@
         <refsect1>
                 <title>Example 1</title>
 
         <refsect1>
                 <title>Example 1</title>
 

-                <programlisting># yum --releasever=17 --nogpgcheck --installroot ~/fedora-tree/ install yum passwd vim-minimal rootfiles systemd
-# systemd-nspawn -D ~/fedora-tree /usr/lib/systemd/systemd</programlisting>
+                <programlisting># yum -y --releasever=19 --nogpg --installroot=/srv/mycontainer --disablerepo='*' --enablerepo=fedora install systemd passwd yum fedora-release vim-minimal
+# systemd-nspawn -bD /srv/mycontainer</programlisting>

 
                 <para>This installs a minimal Fedora distribution into
 
                 <para>This installs a minimal Fedora distribution into

-                the directory <filename>~/fedora-tree/</filename>
-                and then boots an OS in a namespace container in it,
-                with systemd as init system.</para>
+                the directory <filename>/srv/mycontainer/</filename> and
+                then boots an OS in a namespace container in
+                it.</para>

         </refsect1>
 
         <refsect1>
         </refsect1>
 
         <refsect1>


@@ -308,7 +326,35 @@
                 distribution into the directory
                 <filename>~/debian-tree/</filename> and then spawns a
                 shell in a namespace container in it.</para>
                 distribution into the directory
                 <filename>~/debian-tree/</filename> and then spawns a
                 shell in a namespace container in it.</para>

+        </refsect1>
+
+        <refsect1>
+                <title>Example 3</title>
+
+                <programlisting># pacstrap -c -d ~/arch-tree/ base
+# systemd-nspawn -bD ~/arch-tree/</programlisting>
+
+                <para>This installs a mimimal Arch Linux distribution into
+                the directory <filename>~/arch-tree/</filename> and then
+                boots an OS in a namespace container in it.</para>
+        </refsect1>
+
+        <refsect1 id='example-nsenter'>
+                <title>Example 4</title>
+
+                <para>To enter the container, PID of one of the
+                processes sharing the new namespaces must be used.
+                <command>systemd-nspawn</command> prints the PID
+                (as viewed from the outside) of the launched process,
+                and it can be used to enter the container.</para>
+
+                <programlisting># nsenter -muinpt $PID</programlisting>

 
 

+                <para><citerefentry><refentrytitle>nsenter</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+                is part of
+                <ulink url="https://github.com/karelzak/util-linux">util-linux</ulink>.
+                Kernel support for entering namespaces was added in
+                Linux 3.8.</para>

         </refsect1>
 
         <refsect1>
         </refsect1>
 
         <refsect1>


@@ -323,8 +369,10 @@
                 <para>
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chroot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                 <para>
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chroot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,

+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>unshare</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,

                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>yum</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>yum</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,

-                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>debootstrap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>debootstrap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pacman</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>

                 </para>
         </refsect1>
 
                 </para>
         </refsect1>