-udev 174
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The udev daemon moved to /lib/udev/udevd. Non-systemd init systems
-and non-dracut initramfs image generators need to change the init
-scripts. Alternatively the udev build needs to move udevd back to
-/sbin or create a symlink in /sbin, which is not done by default.
-
-The path_id, usb_id, input_id tools are built-in commands now and
-the stand-alone tools do not exist anymore. Static lists of file in
-initramfs generators need to be updated. For testing, the commands
-can still be executed standalone with 'udevadm test-builtin <cmd>'.
-
-The fusectl filesystem is no longer mounted directly from udev.
-Systemd systems will take care of mounting fusectl and configfs
-now. Non-systemd systems need to ship their own rule if they
-need these filesystems auto-mounted.
-
-The long deprecated keys: SYSFS=, ID=, BUS= have been removed.
-
-The support for 'udevadm trigger --type=failed, and the
-RUN{fail_event_on_error} attribute was removed.
-
-The udev control socket is now created in /run/udev/control
-and no longer as an abstract namespace one.
-
-The rules to create persistent network interface and cdrom link
-rules automatically in /etc/udev/rules.d/ have been disabled by
-default. Explicit configuration will be required for these use
-cases, udev will no longer try to write any persistent system
-configuration from a device hotplug path.
-
-udev 173
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The udev-acl extra is no longer enabled by default now. To enable it,
---enable-udev_acl needs to be given at ./configure time. On systemd
-systems, the udev-acl rules prevent it from running as the functionality
-has moved to systemd.
-
-udev 172
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Udev now enables kernel media-presence polling if available. Part
-of udisks optical drive tray-handling moved to cdrom_id: The tray
-is locked as soon as a media is detected to enable the receiving
-of media-eject-request events. Media-eject-request events will
-eject the media.
-
-Libudev enumerate is now able to enumerate a subtree of a given
-device.
-
-The mobile-action-modeswitch modeswitch tool was deleted. The
-functionality is provided by usb_modeswitch now.
-
-udev 171
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The systemd service files require systemd version 28. The systemd
-socket activation make it possible now to start 'udevd' and 'udevadm
-trigger' in parallel.
-
-udev 170
-========
-Fix bug in control message handling, which can lead to a failing
-udevadm control --exit. Thanks to Jürg Billeter for help tracking
-it down.
-
-udev 169
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-We require at least Linux kernel 2.6.32 now. Some platforms might
-require a later kernel that supports accept4() and similar, or
-need to backport the trivial syscall wiring to the older kernels.
-
-The hid2hci tool moved to the bluez package and was removed.
-
-Many of the extras can be --enable/--disabled at ./configure
-time. The --disable-extras option was removed. Some extras have
-been disabled by default. The current options and their defaults
-can be checked with './configure --help'.
-
-udev 168
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Udev logs a warning now if /run is not writable at udevd
-startup. It will still fall back to /dev/.udev, but this is
-now considered a bug.
-
-The running udev daemon can now cleanly shut down with:
- udevadm control --exit
-
-Udev in initramfs should clean the state of the udev database
-with: udevadm info --cleanup-db which will remove all state left
-behind from events/rules in initramfs. If initramfs uses
---cleanup-db and device-mapper/LVM, the rules in initramfs need
-to add OPTIONS+="db_persist" for all dm devices. This will
-prevent removal of the udev database for these devices.
-
-Spawned programs by PROGRAM/IMPORT/RUN now have a hard timeout of
-120 seconds per process. If that timeout is reached the spawned
-process will be killed. The event timeout can be overwritten with
-udev rules.
-
-If systemd is used, udev gets now activated by netlink data.
-Systemd will bind the netlink socket which will buffer all data.
-If needed, such setup allows a seemless update of the udev daemon,
-where no event can be lost during a udevd update/restart.
-Packages need to make sure to: systemctl stop udev.socket udev.service
-or 'mask' udev.service during the upgrade to prevent any unwanted
-auto-spawning of udevd.
-This version of udev conflicts with systemd version below 25. The
-unchanged service files will not wirk correctly.
-
-udev 167
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The udev runtime data moved from /dev/.udev/ to /run/udev/. The
-/run mountpoint is supposed to be a tmpfs mounted during early boot,
-available and writable to for all tools at any time during bootup,
-it replaces /var/run/, which should become a symlink some day.
-
-If /run does not exist, or is not writable, udev will fall back using
-/dev/.udev/.
-
-On systemd systems with initramfs and LVM used, packagers must
-make sure, that the systemd and initramfs versions match. The initramfs
-needs to create the /run mountpoint for udev to store the data, and
-mount this tmpfs to /run in the rootfs, so the that the udev database
-is preserved for the udev version started in the rootfs.
-
-The command 'udevadm info --convert-db' is gone. The udev daemon
-itself, at startup, converts any old database version if necessary.
-
-The systemd services files have been reorganized. The udev control
-socket is bound by systemd and passed to the started udev daemon.
-The udev-settle.service is no longer active by default. Services which
-can not handle hotplug setups properly need to actively pull it in, to
-act like a barrier. Alternatively the settle service can be unconditionally
-'systemctl'enabled, and act like a barrier for basic.target.
-
-The fstab_import callout is no longer built or installed. Udev
-should not be used to mount, does not watch changes to fstab, and
-should not mirror fstab values in the udev database.
-
-udev 166
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-New and updated keymaps.
-
-udev 165
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The udev database has changed, After installation of a new udev
-version, 'udevadm info --convert-db' should be called, to let the new
-udev/libudev version read the already stored data.
-
-udevadm now supports quoting of property values, and prefixing of
-key names:
- $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix=MY_ --query=property -n sda
- MY_MAJOR='259'
- MY_MINOR='0'
- MY_DEVNAME='/dev/sda'
- MY_DEVTYPE='disk'
- ...
-
-libudev now supports:
- udev_device_get_is_initialized()
- udev_enumerate_add_match_is_initialized()
-to be able to skip devices the kernel has created , but udev has
-not already handled.
-
-libudev now supports:
- udev_device_get_usec_since_initialized()
-to retrieve the "age" of a udev device record.
-
-GUdev supports a more generic GUdevEnumerator class, udev TAG
-handling, device initialization and timestamp now.
-
-The counterpart of /sys/dev/{char,block}/$major:$minor,
-/dev/{char,block}/$major:$minor symlinks are now unconditionally
-created, even when no rule files exist.
-
-New and updated keymaps.
-
-udev 164
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-GUdev moved from /usr to /.
-
-udev 163
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 162
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Persistent network naming rules are disabled inside of Qemu/KVM now.
-
-New and updated keymaps.
-
-Udev gets unconditionally enabled on systemd installations now. There
-is no longer the need to to run 'systemctl enable udev.service'.
-
-udev 161
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 160
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 159
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-New and fixed keymaps.
-
-Install systemd service files if applicable.
-
-udev 158
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-All distribution specific rules are removed from the udev source tree,
-most of them are no longer needed. The Gentoo rules which allow to support
-older kernel versions, which are not covered by the default rules anymore
-has moved to rules/misc/30-kernel-compat.rules.
-
-udev 157
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The option --debug-trace and the environemnt variable UDEVD_MAX_CHILDS=
-was removed from udevd.
-
-Udevd now checks the kernel commandline for the following variables:
- udev.log-priority=<syslog priority>
- udev.children-max=<maximum number of workers>
- udev.exec-delay=<seconds to delay the execution of RUN=>
-to help debuging coldplug setups where the loading of a kernel
-module crashes the system.
-
-The subdirectory in the source tree rules/packages has been renamed to
-rules/arch, anc contains only architecture specific rules now.
-
-udev 156
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 155
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Now the udev daemon itself, does on startup:
- - copy the content of /lib/udev/devices to /dev
- - create the standard symlinks like /dev/std{in,out,err},
- /dev/core, /dev/fd, ...
- - use static node information provided by kernel modules
- and creates these nodes to allow module on-demand loading
- - possibly apply permissions to all ststic nodes from udev
- rules which are annotated to match a static node
-
-The default mode for a device node is 0600 now to match the kernel
-created devtmpfs defaults. If GROUP= is specified and no MODE= is
-given the default will be 0660.
-
-udev 154
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Udev now gradually starts to pass control over the primary device nodes
-and their names to the kernel, and will in the end only manage the
-permissions of the node, and possibly create additional symlinks.
-As a first step NAME="" will be ignored, and NAME= setings with names
-other than the kernel provided name will result in a logged warning.
-Kernels that don't provide device names, or devtmpfs is not used, will
-still work as they did before, but it is strongly recommended to use
-only the same names for the primary device node as the recent kernel
-provides for all devices.
-
-udev 153
-========
-Fix broken firmware loader search path.
-
-udev 152
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-"udevadm trigger" defaults to "change" events now instead of "add"
-events. The "udev boot script" might need to add "--action=add" to
-the trigger command if not already there, in case the initial coldplug
-events are expected as "add" events.
-
-The option "all_partitons" was removed from udev. This should not be
-needed for usual hardware. Udev can not safely make assumptions
-about non-existing partition major/minor numbers, and therefore no
-longer provide this unreliable and unsafe option.
-
-The option "ignore_remove" was removed from udev. With devtmpfs
-udev passed control over device nodes to the kernel. This option
-should not be needed, or can not work as advertised. Neither
-udev nor the kernel will remove device nodes which are copied from
-the /lib/udev/devices/ directory.
-
-All "add|change" matches are replaced by "!remove" in the rules and
-in the udev logic. All types of events will update possible symlinks
-and permissions, only "remove" is handled special now.
-
-The modem modeswitch extra was removed and the external usb_modeswitch
-program should be used instead.
-
-New and fixed keymaps.
-
-udev 151
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 150
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Kernels with SYSFS_DEPRECATED=y are not supported since a while. Many users
-depend on the current sysfs layout and the information not available in the
-deprecated layout. All remaining support for the deprecated sysfs layout is
-removed now.
-
-udev 149
-========
-Fix for a possible endless loop in the new input_id program.
-
-udev 148
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The option "ignore_device" does no longer exist. There is no way to
-ignore an event, as libudev events can not be suppressed by rules.
-It only prevented RUN keys from being executed, which results in an
-inconsistent behavior in current setups.
-
-BUS=, SYSFS{}=, ID= are long deprecated and should be SUBSYSTEM(S)=,
-ATTR(S){}=, KERNEL(S)=. It will cause a warning once for every rule
-file from now on.
-
-The support for the deprecated IDE devices has been removed from the
-default set of rules. Distros who still care about non-libata drivers
-need to add the rules to the compat rules file.
-
-The ID_CLASS property on input devices has been replaced by the more accurate
-set of flags ID_INPUT_{KEYBOARD,KEY,MOUSE,TOUCHPAD,TABLET,JOYSTICK}. These are
-determined by the new "input_id" prober now. Some devices, such as touchpads,
-can have several classes. So if you previously had custom udev rules which e. g.
-checked for ENV{ID_CLASS}=="kbd", you need to replace this with
-ENV{ID_INPUT_KEYBOARD}=="?*".
-
-udev 147
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-To support DEVPATH strings larger than the maximum file name length, the
-private udev database format has changed. If some software still reads the
-private files in /dev/.udev/, which it shouldn't, now it's time to fix it.
-Please do not port anything to the new format again, everything in /dev/.udev
-is and always was private to udev, and may and will change any time without
-prior notice.
-
-Multiple devices claiming the same names in /dev are limited to symlinks
-only now. Mixing identical symlink names and node names is not supported.
-This reduces the amount of data in the database significantly.
-
-NAME="%k" causes a warning now. It's is and always was completely superfluous.
-It will break kernel supplied DEVNAMEs and therefore it needs to be removed
-from all rules.
-
-Most NAME= instructions got removed. Kernel 2.6.31 supplies the needed names
-if they are not the default. To support older kernels, the NAME= rules need to
-be added to the compat rules file.
-
-Symlinks to udevadm with the old command names are no longer resolved to
-the udevadm commands.
-
-The udev-acl tool got adopted to changes in ConsoleKit. Version 0.4.1 is
-required now.
-
-The option "last_rule" does no longer exist. Its use breaks too many
-things which expect to be run from independent later rules, and is an idication
-that something needs to be fixed properly instead.
-
-The gudev API is no longer marked as experimental,
-G_UDEV_API_IS_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE is no longer needed. The gudev introspection
-is enabled by default now. Various projects already depend on introspection
-information to bind dynamic languages to the gudev interfaces.
-
-udev 146
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The udevadm trigger "--retry-failed" option, which is replaced since quite
-a while by "--type=failed" is removed.
-
-The failed tracking was not working at all for a few releases. The RUN
-option "ignore_error" is replaced by a "fail_event_on_error" option, and the
-default is not to track any failing RUN executions.
-
-New keymaps, new modem, hid2hci updated.
-
-udev 145
-========
-Fix possible crash in udevd when worker processes are busy, rules are
-changed at the same time, and workers get killed to reload the rules.
-
-udev 144
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Properties set with ENV{.FOO}="bar" are marked private by starting the
-name with a '.'. They will not be stored in the database, and not be
-exported with the event.
-
-Firmware files are looked up in:
- /lib/firmware/updates/$(uname -r)
- /lib/firmware/updates
- /lib/firmware/$(uname -r)
- /lib/firmware"
-now.
-
-ATA devices switched the property from ID_BUS=scsi to ID_BUS=ata.
-ata_id, instead of scsi_id, is the default tool now for ATA devices.
-
-udev 143
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The configure options have changed because another library needs to be
-installed in a different location. Instead of exec_prefix and udev_prefix,
-libdir, rootlibdir and libexecdir are used. The Details are explained in
-the README file.
-
-Event processes now get re-used after they handled an event. This reduces
-the number of forks and the pressure on the CPU significantly, because
-cloned event processes no longer cause page faults in the main daemon.
-After the events have settled, a few worker processes stay around for
-future events, all others get cleaned up.
-
-To be able to use signalfd(), udev depends on kernel version 2.6.25 now.
-Also inotify support is mandatory now to run udev.
-
-The format of the queue exported by the udev damon has changed. There is
-no longer a /dev/.udev/queue/ directory. The current event queue can be
-accessed with udevadm settle and libudedv.
-
-Libudev does not have the unstable API header anymore. From now on,
-incompatible changes will be handled by bumping the library major version.
-
-To build udev from the git tree gtk-doc is needed now. The tarballs will
-build without it and contain the pre-built documentation. An online copy
-is available here:
- http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/libudev/
-
-The tools from the udev-extras repository have been merged into the main
-udev repository. Some of the extras have larger external dependencies, and
-they can be disabled with the configure switch --disable-extras.
-
-udev 142
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The program vol_id and the library libvolume_id are removed from the
-repository. Libvolume_id is merged with libblkid from the util-linux-ng
-package. Persistent disk links for label and uuid depend on the
-util-linux-ng version (2.15) of blkid now. Older versions of blkid
-can not be used with udev.
-
-Libudev allows to subscribe to udev events. To prevent unwanted messages
-to be delivered, and waking up the subscribing process, a filter can be
-installed, to drop messages inside a kernel socket filter. The filters
-match on the <subsytem>:<devtype> properties of the device.
- This is part of the ongoing effort to replace HAL, and switch current
-users over to directly use libudev.
- Libudev is still marked as experimental, and its interface might
-eventually change if needed, but no major changes of the currently exported
-interface are expected anymore, and a first stable release should happen
-soon.
-
-A too old kernel (2.6.21) or a kernel with CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
-is not supported since while and udevd will log an error message at
-startup. It should still be able to boot-up, but advanced rules and system
-services which depend on the information not available in the old sysfs
-format will fail to work correctly.
-
-DVB device naming is supplied by the kernel now. In case older kernels
-need to be supported, the old shell script should be added to a compat
-rules file.
-
-udev 141
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The processed udev events get send back to the netlink socket. Libudev
-provides access to these events. This is work-in-progress, to replace
-the DeviceKit daemon functionality directly with libudev. There are
-upcoming kernel changes to allow non-root users to subcribe to these
-events.
-
-udev 140
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-"udevadm settle" now optionally accepts a range of events to wait for,
-instead of waiting for "all" events.
-
-udev 139
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The installed watch for block device metadata changes is now removed
-during event hadling, because some (broken) tools may be called from udev
-rules and (wrongly) open the device with write access. After the finished
-event handling the watch is restored.
-
-udev 138
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Device nodes can be watched for changes with inotify with OPTIONS="watch".
-If closed after being opened for writing, a "change" uevent will occur.
-/dev/disk/by-{label,uuid}/* symlinks will be automatically updated.
-
-udev 137
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
-are always updated with a test run now.
-
-The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
-and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
-lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
-
-udev 136
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
-and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
-device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
-we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
-glibc's getgrnam():
- disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
-LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
-bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
-
-Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
-to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
-compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
-various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
-
-In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
-of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
-which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
-session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
-and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
-A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
-access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
-to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
-any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
-
-/dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
-which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
-devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
-USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
-name in the by-id/ directory.
-Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
-and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
-specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
-USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
-
-To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
-version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
-supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
-reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
-the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
-
-udev 135
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
-versions 131-134.
-
-udev 134
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
-
-udev 133
-========
-Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
-block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
-and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
-this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
-it should be disabled in the kernel config.
-
-Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
-are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
-create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
-
-The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
-contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
-new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
-a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
-version 130.
-
-The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
-rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
-modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
-modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
-Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
-udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
-
-Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
-stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
-and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
-will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
-mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
-file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
-in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
-to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
-This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
-it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
-the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
-volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
-auto-mounting.
-
-udev 132
-========
-Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
-compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
-
-udev 131
-========
-Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
-
-The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
-array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
-featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
-Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
-other keys per rule are gone.
-
-The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
-a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
-for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
-assignment with NAME:="<value>".
-
-All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
-is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
-may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
-
-Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
-optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
-
-udev 130
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
-/sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
-kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
- /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
-and the device node of the same device by looking up:
- /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
-
-udev 129
-========
-Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
-file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
-of a volume.
-
-Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
-Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
-so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
-
-More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
-now.
-
-udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
-for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
---retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
-
-udev 128
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
-the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
-option which is not affected.
-
-The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
-these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
-
-udev 127
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
-reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
-Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
-for the filesystem.
-
-The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
-some deprecated functions are removed.
-
-A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
-to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
-need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
-devices.
-The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
-expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
-finished.
-
-udev 126
-========
-We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
-options are:
- --prefix=
- "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
- --exec-prefix=
- "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
- --sysconfdir=
- "/etc"
- --with-libdir-name=
- "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
- multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
- --enable-debug
- compile-in verbose debug messages
- --disable-logging
- disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
- --with-selinux
- link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
- for created files
-
-In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
-of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
-distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
-
-No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
-they should be provided by the package.
-
-udev 125
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
-be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
-the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
-files from:
- /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
- /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
- /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
-It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
-in lexical order.
-
-To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
- $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
- ROOT_MAJOR=8
- ROOT_MINOR=5
-In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
-the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
-format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
-sysfs 'dev' file.
-
-udev 124
-========
-Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
-
-udev 123
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
-nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
-
-udev 122
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
-the Makefile.
-
-The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
-SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
-data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
-we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
-
-udev 121
-========
-Many bugfixes.
-
-The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
-detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
-media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
-udev (and the kernel).
-
-udev 120
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
-
-The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
-udevtest are no longer created.
-
-The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
-no longer created.
-
-Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
-should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
-real file.
-
-udev 119
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 118
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
-a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
-
-udev 117
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
-The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
-Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
-the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
-only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
-
-Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
-udevadm in the list of files.
-
-udev 116
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 115
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
-udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
-of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
-rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
-are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
-architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
-in etc/udev/packages/.
-
-udev 114
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
-actions by dynamically created rules.
-
-SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
-currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
-filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
+systemd System and Service Manager
-RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
-program and not record as a failed event.
+CHANGES WITH 182:
+ * udev: sources merged into the systemd sources
-udev 113
-========
-Bugfixes.
+ * udev: /lib/udev/devices/ are not read anymore; tmpfiles should
+ be used to create workarounds for broken subsystems.
-Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
+ * udev: RUN+="socket:..." and udev_monitor_new_from_socket() is
+ no longer supported. udev_monitor_new_from_netlink() needs to be
+ used to subscribe to events.
-udev 112
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
-removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
-by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
-If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
-if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
-
-To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
-can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
-TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
-
-Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
-entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
-
-udev 111
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
-strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
-exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
-the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
-or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
-
-Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
-The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
-
-udev 110
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
-
-udev 109
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 108
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
-from the udev package.
-
-udev 107
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
-and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
-priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
-If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
-will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
-highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
-more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
-these symlinks.
-
-The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
-needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
-
-Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
-we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
-the devices we are looking for.
-
-USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
-to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
-the same SCSI identifiers.
-
-Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
-/etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
-with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
-provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
-We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
-contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
-that run programs only for the matching events.
-
-udev 106
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 105
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
-driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
-included in the match.
-
-Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
-
-udev 104
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-udev 103
-========
-Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
-some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
-storage area of their music players.
-
-udev 102
-========
-Fix path_id for SAS devices.
-
-udev 101
-========
-The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
-execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
-action that crashes the box.
-
-A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
-device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
-are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
-may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
-just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
-
-Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
-dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
-device.
-
-udev 100
-========
-Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
-
-udev 099
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
-for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
-
-The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
-zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
-scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
-should be used now.
-
-The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
-devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
-now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
-version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
-installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
-
-The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
-the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
-
-udev 098
-========
-Bugfixes.
-
-Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
-BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
-(The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
-releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
-instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
-is logged.
-With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
-We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
-SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
-with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
-longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
-files.
-
-ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
-event device. Instead of:
- ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
-we now can do:
- ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
-
-All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
-future kernel:
- PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
- needed at all.
- PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
- matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
- PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
- Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
- for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
- no longer carry this property of a parent and
- DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
-Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
-the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
-events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
-that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
-it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
-in most cases it will be empty.
-
-Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
- udevtrigger --retry-failed.
-Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
-files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
-target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
-including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
-million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
-
-The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
-name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
-no database file was created by udev.
-
-The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
-getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
-fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
-
-udev 097
-========
-Bugfixes and small improvements.
-
-udev 096
-========
-Fix path_id for recent kernels.
-
-udev 095
-========
-%e is finally gone.
-
-Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
-renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
-
-udev 094
-========
-The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
-
-udev 093
-========
-The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
-shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
-
-udev 092
-========
-Bugfix release.
-
-udev 091
-========
-Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
-on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
-with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
-test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
-fix possibly broken rules.
-
-udev 090
-========
-Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
-It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
-even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
-events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
-
-udev 089
-========
-Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
-also skipped optical IDE drives.
-
-All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
-
-No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
-packaging process and not at build time.
-
-libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
-linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
-this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
-header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
-be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
-
-udev 088
-========
-Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
-to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
-
-Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
-of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
-multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
-
-Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
-shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
-
-udev 087
-========
-Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
-
-Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
-
-udev 086
-========
-Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
-events for the same device.
-
-udev 085
-========
-Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
-
-Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
-device goes away.
-
-udev 084
-========
-If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
-attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
-by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
-received the event for.
-
-Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
-build name.
-
-udev 083
-========
-Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
-
-RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
-as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
-which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
-the end of the program name to prevent this.
-If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
-like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
-to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
-
-udev 082
-========
-The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
-anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
-by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
-included in a package.
-
-Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
-the ignore rule was applied.
-
-More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
-depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
-should be requested by their subsytem.
-
-This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
-path position:
- dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
- dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
-
-The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
-_resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
-parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
-class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
-resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
-
-Note:
-A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
-scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
-the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
-DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
-back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
-/devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
-searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
-for changed parent chains.
-
-udev 081
-========
-Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
-/sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
-
-Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
-moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
-
-Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
-to make %b simpler and working again.
-
-udev 080
-========
-Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
-which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
-on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
-Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
-change. They will be fixed immediately.
-
-The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
-removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
-outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
-coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
-scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
-
-MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
-the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
-the sysfs "modalias" value.
-
-Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
-
-udev 079
-========
-Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
-
-Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
-added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
-
-Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
-of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
-
-udev 078
-========
-Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
-longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
-mentioned on the hotplug list:
- UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
- ...
- DEVNAME=/dev/sdb
- DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
-
-udev 077
-========
-Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
-syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
-and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
-
-udev 076
-========
-All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
-version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
-version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
-the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
-be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
- ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
-
-The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
-/$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
-to anything else.
-If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
-this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
-still private to udev and can change at any time.
-
-Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
-Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
-directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
-now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
-
-Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
-the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
-every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
-files.
-
-Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
-the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
-before starting the daemon.
-
-udev 075
-========
-Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
-emulation.
-
-The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
-should be used to build a klibc udev now.
-
-udev 074
-========
-NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
-ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
-
-After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
-without any queuing now.
-
-udev 073
-========
-Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
-uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
-version of udev anymore.
-
-udev 072
-========
-The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
-event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
-It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
-startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
-pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
-
-Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
-device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
-real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
-device removal and the udev database will not work.
-
-Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
-and packaging.
-
-A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
-
-udev 071
-========
-Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
-
-scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
-non-writable /tmp directory.
-
-The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
-let's see who can break this again. :)
-
-The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
-Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
-needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
-versions will _not_ create these devices!
-
-udev 070
-========
-Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
-beeing installed.
-
-udev 069
-========
-A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
-symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
-characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
-/dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
-export it to the filesystem.
-
-udev 068
-========
-More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
-have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
-situations.
-
-udev 067
-========
-Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
-The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
-available while we try to run external programs.
-Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
-
-udev 066
-========
-Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
-persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
-grab it from here. :)
-
-udev 065
-========
-We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
-other programs:
- RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
-will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
-for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
-
-udev 064
-========
-Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
-
-The test for the existence of an environment value should be
-switched from:
- ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
-because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
-is empty.
-
-udev 063
-========
-Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
-
-udev 062
-========
-Mostly a Bugfix release.
-
-Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
-timing with custom rules.
-
-udev 061
-========
-We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
-2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
-
-If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
-options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
-need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
-
-To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
-
-udev 060
-========
-Bugfix release.
-
-udev 059
-========
-Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
-complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
-kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
-kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
-
-o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
- will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
- SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
- with:
- echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
- For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
- bypass the driver core.
-
-o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
- removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
- helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
- make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
- will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
- from a rule if needed:
- RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
- The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
- the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
- multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
- fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
- is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
-
-o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
- devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
- behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
- ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
-
-o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
- substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
- needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
-
-o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
- man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
- and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
- Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
- prevent changing the key by any later rule.
-
-o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
- sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
- to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
- Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
- some events.
-
-o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
- scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
- to export the probed data in environment key format:
- pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
- ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
- ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
- ID_REVISION=MH4OA6BA
-
- The following rules:
- KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
- KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
-
- Will create:
- kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
- /dev/disk
- |-- by-id
- | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
- | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
- |-- by-label
- | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
- | |-- date -> ../../sda1
- | `-- home -> ../../hda3
- `-- by-uuid
- |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
- |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
- |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
- `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
-
- The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
- it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
- also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
- next udev versions.
-
-o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
- to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
- can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
- initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
- development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
- The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
-
-o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
- events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
- udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
- replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
-
-udev 058
-========
-With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
-Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
-
-udev 057
-========
-All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
-will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
-way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
-naming rules.
-
-Note:
-Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
-to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
-
-The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
-with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
-instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
-The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
-
-The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
-handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
-to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
-
-The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
-devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
-
-We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
-to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
-run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
-which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
-It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
-USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
-The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
-UDEV_LOG.
-
-udev 056
-========
-Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
- make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
-will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
-
-udev 055
-========
-We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
-
-If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
-a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
-
-The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
-we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
-
-The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
-easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
-character class negations like:
- KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
-this can now be replaced with:
- KERNEL!="scd*"
-The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
-but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
-
-We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
-variables.
-
-udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
-with every forked event.
+ * systemd-logingctl and systemd-journalctl have been renamed
+ to logingctl and journalctl to match systemctl.
+
+ * The config files: /etc/systemd/systemd-logind.conf and
+ /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf have been renamed to
+ logind.conf and journald.conf. Package updates should rename
+ the files to the new names on upgrade.
+
+CHANGES WITH 44:
+ * This is mostly a bugfix release
+
+ * Support optional initialization of the machine ID from the
+ KVM or container configured UUID.
+
+ * Support immediate reboots with "systemctl reboot -ff"
+
+ * Show /etc/os-release data in systemd-analyze output
+
+ * Many bugfixes for the journal, including endianess fixes and
+ ensuring that disk space enforcement works
+
+ * sd-login.h is C++ comptaible again
+
+ * Extend the /etc/os-release format on request of the Debian
+ folks
+
+ * We now refuse non-UTF8 strings used in various configuration
+ and unit files. This is done to ensure we don't pass invalid
+ data over D-Bus or expose it elsewhere.
+
+ * Register Mimo USB Screens as suitable for automatic seat
+ configuration
+
+ * Read SELinux client context from journal clients in a race
+ free fashion
+
+ * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always
+ overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always
+ and unconditionally override vendor supplied or
+ automatically generated data.
+
+ * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man
+ pages. We still lack man pages for the journal API calls
+ however.
+
+ * We now ship all man pages in HTML format again in the
+ tarball.
+
+ Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Dirk Eibach, Frederic
+ Crozat, Harald Hoyer, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Marti
+ Raudsepp, Michal Schmidt, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Thierry
+ Reding
+
+CHANGES WITH 43:
+ * This is mostly a bugfix release
+
+ * systems lacking /etc/os-release are no longer supported.
+
+ * Various functionality updates to libsystemd-login.so
+
+ * Track class of PAM logins to distuingish greeters from
+ normal user logins.
+
+ Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael
+ Biebl
+
+CHANGES WITH 42:
+ * This is an important bugfix release for v41.
+
+ * Building man pages is now optional which should be useful
+ for those building systemd from git but unwilling to install
+ xsltproc.
+
+ * Watchdog support for supervising services is now usable. In
+ a future release support for hardware watchdogs
+ (i.e. /dev/watchdog) will be added building on this.
+
+ * Service start rate limiting is now configurable and can be
+ turned off per service. When a start rate limit is hit a
+ reboot can automatically be triggered.
+
+ * New CanReboot(), CanPowerOff() bus calls in systemd-logind.
+
+ Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Bill Nottingham,
+ Frederic Crozat, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal
+ Schmidt, Michał Górny, Piotr Drąg
+
+CHANGES WITH 41:
+ * The systemd binary is installed /usr/lib/systemd/systemd now;
+ An existing /sbin/init symlink needs to be adapted with the
+ package update.
+
+ * The code that loads kernel modules has been ported to invoke
+ libkmod directly, instead of modprobe. This means we do not
+ support systems with module-init-tools anymore.
+
+ * Watchdog support is now already useful, but still not
+ complete.
+
+ * A new kernel command line option systemd.setenv= is
+ understood to set system wide environment variables
+ dynamically at boot.
+
+ * We now limit the set of capabilities of systemd-journald.
+
+ * We now set SIGPIPE to ignore by default, since it only is
+ useful in shell pipelines, and has little use in general
+ code. This can be disabled with IgnoreSIPIPE=no in unit
+ files.
+
+ Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Kay Sievers, Lennart
+ Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Tom Gundersen,
+ William Douglas
+
+CHANGES WITH 40:
+ * This is mostly a bugfix release
+
+ * We now expose the reason why a service failed in the
+ "Result" D-Bus property.
+
+ * Rudimentary service watchdog support (will be completed over
+ the next few releases.)
+
+ * When systemd forks off in order execute some service we will
+ now immediately changes its argv[0] to reflect which process
+ it will execute. This is useful to minimize the time window
+ with a generic argv[0], which makes bootcharts more useful
+
+ Contributions from: Alvaro Soliverez, Chris Paulson-Ellis, Kay
+ Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt,
+ Mike Kazantsev, Ray Strode
+
+CHANGES WITH 39:
+ * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many
+ bugfixes.
+
+ * New systemd-cgtop tool to show control groups by their
+ resource usage.
+
+ * Linking against libacl for ACLs is optional again. If
+ disabled, support tracking device access for active logins
+ goes becomes unavailable, and so does access to the user
+ journals by the respective users.
+
+ * If a group "adm" exists, journal files are automatically
+ owned by them, thus allow members of this group full access
+ to the system journal as well as all user journals.
+
+ * The journal now stores the SELinux context of the logging
+ client for all entries.
+
+ * Add C++ inclusion guards to all public headers
+
+ * New output mode "cat" in the journal to print only text
+ messages, without any meta data like date or time.
+
+ * Include tiny X server wrapper as a temporary stop-gap to
+ teach XOrg udev display enumeration. This is used by display
+ managers such as gdm, and will go away as soon as XOrg
+ learned native udev hotplugging for display devices.
+
+ * Add new systemd-cat tool for executing arbitrary programs
+ with STDERR/STDOUT connected to the journal. Can also act as
+ BSD logger replacement, and does so by default.
+
+ * Optionally store all locally generated coredumps in the
+ journal along with meta data.
+
+ * systemd-tmpfiles learnt four new commands: n, L, c, b, for
+ writing short strings to files (for usage for /sys), and for
+ creating symlinks, character and block device nodes.
+
+ * New unit file option ControlGroupPersistent= to make cgroups
+ persistent, following the mechanisms outlined in
+ http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups
+
+ * Support multiple local RTCs in a sane way
+
+ * No longer monopolize IO when replaying readahead data on
+ rotating disks, since we might starve non-file-system IO to
+ death, since fanotify() will not see accesses done by blkid,
+ or fsck.
+
+ * Don't show kernel threads in systemd-cgls anymore, unless
+ requested with new -k switch.
+
+ Contributions from: Dan Horák, Kay Sievers, Lennart
+ Poettering, Michal Schmidt
+
+CHANGES WITH 38:
+ * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many
+ bugfixes.
+
+ * The git repository moved to:
+ git://anongit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd
+ ssh://git.freedesktop.org/git/systemd/systemd
+
+ * First release with the journal
+ http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-journal.html
+
+ * The journal replaces both systemd-kmsg-syslogd and
+ systemd-stdout-bridge.
+
+ * New sd_pid_get_unit() API call in libsystemd-logind
+
+ * Many systemadm clean-ups
+
+ * Introduce remote-fs-pre.target which is ordered before all
+ remote mounts and may be used to start services before all
+ remote mounts.
+
+ * Added Mageia support
+
+ * Add bash completion for systemd-loginctl
+
+ * Actively monitor PID file creation for daemons which exit in
+ the parent process before having finished writing the PID
+ file in the daemon process. Daemons which do this need to be
+ fixed (i.e. PID file creation must have finished before the
+ parent exits), but we now react a bit more gracefully to them.
+
+ * Add colourful boot output, mimicking the well-known output
+ of existing distributions.
+
+ * New option PassCredentials= for socket units, for
+ compatibility with a recent kernel ABI breakage.
+
+ * /etc/rc.local is now hooked in via a generator binary, and
+ thus will no longer act as synchronization point during
+ boot.
+
+ * systemctl list-unit-files now supports --root=.
+
+ * systemd-tmpfiles now understands two new commands: z, Z for
+ relabelling files according to the SELinux database. This is
+ useful to apply SELinux labels to specific files in /sys,
+ among other things.
+
+ * Output of SysV services is now forwarded to both the console
+ and the journal by default, not only just the console.
+
+ * New man pages for all APIs from libsystemd-login.
+
+ * The build tree got reorganized and a the build system is a
+ lot more modular allowing embedded setups to specifically
+ select the components of systemd they are interested in.
+
+ * Support for Linux systems lacking the kernel VT subsystem is
+ restored.
+
+ * configure's --with-rootdir= got renamed to
+ --with-rootprefix= to follow the naming used by udev and
+ kmod
+
+ * Unless specified otherwise we'll now install to /usr instead
+ of /usr/local by default.
+
+ * Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the
+ final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained
+ in:
+ http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons
+
+ * All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter
+ the START or START_PRE states are now killed with
+ SIGKILL. That means it is no longer possible to spawn
+ background processes from ExecStart= lines (which was never
+ supported anyway, and bad style).
+
+ * New PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= options to bind
+ reloading of units together.
+
+ Contributions from: Bill Nottingham, Daniel Walsh, Dave
+ Reisner, Dexter Morgan, Gregs Gregs, Jonathan Nieder, Kay
+ Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt,
+ Michał Górny, Ran Benita, Thomas Jarosch, Tim Waugh, Tollef
+ Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blobdiff