src/systemctl/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   Lesser General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <locale.h>
  26 #include <stdbool.h>
  27 #include <string.h>
  28 #include <errno.h>
  29 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  30 #include <termios.h>
  31 #include <unistd.h>
  32 #include <fcntl.h>
  33 #include <sys/socket.h>
  34 #include <sys/stat.h>
  35 #include <stddef.h>
  36 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  37 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  38
  39 #include <systemd/sd-daemon.h>
  40 #include <systemd/sd-shutdown.h>
  41 #include <systemd/sd-login.h>
  42
  43 #include "log.h"
  44 #include "util.h"
  45 #include "macro.h"
  46 #include "set.h"
  47 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  48 #include "special.h"
  49 #include "initreq.h"
  50 #include "path-util.h"
  51 #include "strv.h"
  52 #include "dbus-common.h"
  53 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  54 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  55 #include "list.h"
  56 #include "path-lookup.h"
  57 #include "conf-parser.h"
  58 #include "exit-status.h"
  59 #include "bus-errors.h"
  60 #include "build.h"
  61 #include "unit-name.h"
  62 #include "pager.h"
  63 #include "spawn-ask-password-agent.h"
  64 #include "spawn-polkit-agent.h"
  65 #include "install.h"
  66 #include "logs-show.h"
  67 #include "path-util.h"
  68 #include "socket-util.h"
  69 #include "fileio.h"
  70
  71 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  72 static const char *arg_load_state = NULL;
  73 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  74 static bool arg_all = false;
  75 static const char *arg_job_mode = "replace";
  76 static UnitFileScope arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
  77 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  78 static bool arg_no_legend = false;
  79 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  80 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  81 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  82 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  83 static bool arg_ignore_inhibitors = false;
  84 static bool arg_dry = false;
  85 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  86 static bool arg_full = false;
  87 static int arg_force = 0;
  88 static bool arg_ask_password = true;
  89 static bool arg_failed = false;
  90 static bool arg_runtime = false;
  91 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  92 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  93 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  94 static const char *arg_root = NULL;
  95 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  96 static enum action {
  97         ACTION_INVALID,
  98         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  99         ACTION_HALT,
 100         ACTION_POWEROFF,
 101         ACTION_REBOOT,
 102         ACTION_KEXEC,
 103         ACTION_EXIT,
 104         ACTION_SUSPEND,
 105         ACTION_HIBERNATE,
 106         ACTION_HYBRID_SLEEP,
 107         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
 108         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
 109         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
 110         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
 111         ACTION_RESCUE,
 112         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
 113         ACTION_DEFAULT,
 114         ACTION_RELOAD,
 115         ACTION_REEXEC,
 116         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 117         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 118         _ACTION_MAX
 119 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 120 static enum transport {
 121         TRANSPORT_NORMAL,
 122         TRANSPORT_SSH,
 123         TRANSPORT_POLKIT
 124 } arg_transport = TRANSPORT_NORMAL;
 125 static const char *arg_host = NULL;
 126 static unsigned arg_lines = 10;
 127 static OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT;
 128
 129 static bool private_bus = false;
 130
 131 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
 132 static void halt_now(enum action a);
 133
 134 static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {
 135
 136         if (arg_no_pager)
 137                 return;
 138
 139         pager_open(false);
 140 }
 141
 142 static void ask_password_agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 143
 144         /* Open the password agent as a child process if necessary */
 145
 146         if (!arg_ask_password)
 147                 return;
 148
 149         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 150                 return;
 151
 152         ask_password_agent_open();
 153 }
 154
 155 #ifdef HAVE_LOGIND
 156 static void polkit_agent_open_if_enabled(void) {
 157
 158         /* Open the polkit agent as a child process if necessary */
 159
 160         if (!arg_ask_password)
 161                 return;
 162
 163         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
 164                 return;
 165
 166         polkit_agent_open();
 167 }
 168 #endif
 169
 170 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 171
 172         if (!on_tty())
 173                 return "";
 174
 175         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 176 }
 177
 178 static const char *ansi_highlight_red(bool b) {
 179
 180         if (!on_tty())
 181                 return "";
 182
 183         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 184 }
 185
 186 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 187
 188         if (!on_tty())
 189                 return "";
 190
 191         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 192 }
 193
 194 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 195         assert(error);
 196
 197         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 198                 return r;
 199
 200         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 201             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 202             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 203             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 204                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 205
 206         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 207                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 208
 209         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 210             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 211                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 212
 213         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 214                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 215
 216         if (r != 0)
 217                 return r;
 218
 219         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 220 }
 221
 222 static void warn_wall(enum action a) {
 223         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 224                 [ACTION_HALT]            = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 225                 [ACTION_REBOOT]          = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 226                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]        = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 227                 [ACTION_KEXEC]           = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 228                 [ACTION_RESCUE]          = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 229                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY]       = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!",
 230                 [ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN] = "The system shutdown has been cancelled NOW!"
 231         };
 232
 233         if (arg_no_wall)
 234                 return;
 235
 236         if (arg_wall) {
 237                 _cleanup_free_ char *p;
 238
 239                 p = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
 240                 if (!p) {
 241                         log_oom();
 242                         return;
 243                 }
 244
 245                 if (*p) {
 246                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 247                         return;
 248                 }
 249         }
 250
 251         if (!table[a])
 252                 return;
 253
 254         utmp_wall(table[a], NULL);
 255 }
 256
 257 static bool avoid_bus(void) {
 258
 259         if (running_in_chroot() > 0)
 260                 return true;
 261
 262         if (sd_booted() <= 0)
 263                 return true;
 264
 265         if (!isempty(arg_root))
 266                 return true;
 267
 268         if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL)
 269                 return true;
 270
 271         return false;
 272 }
 273
 274 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 275         const char *d1, *d2;
 276         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 277
 278         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 279         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 280
 281         if (d1 && d2) {
 282                 int r;
 283
 284                 r = strcasecmp(d1, d2);
 285                 if (r != 0)
 286                         return r;
 287         }
 288
 289         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 290 }
 291
 292 static bool output_show_unit(const struct unit_info *u) {
 293         const char *dot;
 294
 295         if (arg_failed)
 296                 return streq(u->active_state, "failed");
 297
 298         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 299                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 300                 (!arg_load_state || streq(u->load_state, arg_load_state)) &&
 301                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive")
 302                               || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 303 }
 304
 305 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 306         unsigned id_len, max_id_len, active_len, sub_len, job_len, desc_len, n_shown = 0;
 307         const struct unit_info *u;
 308         int job_count = 0;
 309
 310         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT")-1;
 311         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 312         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 313         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 314         desc_len = 0;
 315
 316         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 317                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 318                         continue;
 319
 320                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(u->id));
 321                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 322                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 323                 if (u->job_id != 0) {
 324                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 325                         job_count++;
 326                 }
 327         }
 328
 329         if (!arg_full) {
 330                 unsigned basic_len;
 331                 id_len = MIN(max_id_len, 25u);
 332                 basic_len = 5 + id_len + 5 + active_len + sub_len;
 333                 if (job_count)
 334                         basic_len += job_len + 1;
 335                 if (basic_len < (unsigned) columns()) {
 336                         unsigned extra_len, incr;
 337                         extra_len = columns() - basic_len;
 338                         /* Either UNIT already got 25, or is fully satisfied.
 339                          * Grant up to 25 to DESC now. */
 340                         incr = MIN(extra_len, 25u);
 341                         desc_len += incr;
 342                         extra_len -= incr;
 343                         /* split the remaining space between UNIT and DESC,
 344                          * but do not give UNIT more than it needs. */
 345                         if (extra_len > 0) {
 346                                 incr = MIN(extra_len / 2, max_id_len - id_len);
 347                                 id_len += incr;
 348                                 desc_len += extra_len - incr;
 349                         }
 350                 }
 351         } else
 352                 id_len = max_id_len;
 353
 354         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 355                 char _cleanup_free_ *e = NULL;
 356                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 357                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 358
 359                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 360                         continue;
 361
 362                 if (!n_shown && !arg_no_legend) {
 363                         printf("%-*s %-6s %-*s %-*s ", id_len, "UNIT", "LOAD",
 364                                active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB");
 365                         if (job_count)
 366                                 printf("%-*s ", job_len, "JOB");
 367                         if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 368                                 printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, "DESCRIPTION");
 369                         else
 370                                 printf("%s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 371                 }
 372
 373                 n_shown++;
 374
 375                 if (streq(u->load_state, "error")) {
 376                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 377                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 378                 } else
 379                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 380
 381                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 382                         on_active = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 383                         off_active = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 384                 } else
 385                         on_active = off_active = "";
 386
 387                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, id_len, 33);
 388
 389                 printf("%-*s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s %-*s",
 390                        id_len, e ? e : u->id,
 391                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 392                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 393                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 394                        job_count ? job_len + 1 : 0, u->job_id ? u->job_type : "");
 395                 if (!arg_full && arg_no_pager)
 396                         printf("%.*s\n", desc_len, u->description);
 397                 else
 398                         printf("%s\n", u->description);
 399         }
 400
 401         if (!arg_no_legend) {
 402                 const char *on, *off;
 403
 404                 if (n_shown) {
 405                         printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 406                                "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 407                                "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n");
 408                         if (job_count)
 409                                 printf("JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 410                         puts("");
 411                         on = ansi_highlight(true);
 412                         off = ansi_highlight(false);
 413                 } else {
 414                         on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 415                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 416                 }
 417
 418                 if (arg_all)
 419                         printf("%s%u loaded units listed.%s\n"
 420                                "To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.\n",
 421                                on, n_shown, off);
 422                 else
 423                         printf("%s%u loaded units listed.%s Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.\n"
 424                                "To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.\n",
 425                                on, n_shown, off);
 426         }
 427 }
 428
 429 static int get_unit_list(DBusConnection *bus, DBusMessage **reply,
 430                          struct unit_info **unit_infos, unsigned *c) {
 431         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
 432         unsigned n_units = 0;
 433         int r;
 434
 435         assert(bus);
 436         assert(unit_infos);
 437         assert(c);
 438
 439         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
 440                         bus,
 441                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 442                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 443                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 444                         "ListUnits",
 445                         reply,
 446                         NULL,
 447                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 448         if (r < 0)
 449                 return r;
 450
 451         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(*reply, &iter) ||
 452             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 453             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 454                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 455                 return -EIO;
 456         }
 457
 458         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 459
 460         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 461                 struct unit_info *u;
 462
 463                 if (*c >= n_units) {
 464                         struct unit_info *w;
 465
 466                         n_units = MAX(2 * *c, 16u);
 467                         w = realloc(*unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 468                         if (!w)
 469                                 return log_oom();
 470
 471                         *unit_infos = w;
 472                 }
 473
 474                 u = *unit_infos + *c;
 475
 476                 bus_parse_unit_info(&sub, u);
 477
 478                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 479                 (*c)++;
 480         }
 481
 482         if (*c > 0)
 483                 qsort(*unit_infos, *c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 484
 485         return 0;
 486 }
 487
 488 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 489         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 490         _cleanup_free_ struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 491         unsigned c = 0;
 492         int r;
 493
 494         pager_open_if_enabled();
 495
 496         r = get_unit_list(bus, &reply, &unit_infos, &c);
 497         if (r < 0)
 498                 return r;
 499
 500         if (c > 0)
 501                 output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 502
 503         return 0;
 504 }
 505
 506 static int compare_unit_file_list(const void *a, const void *b) {
 507         const char *d1, *d2;
 508         const UnitFileList *u = a, *v = b;
 509
 510         d1 = strrchr(u->path, '.');
 511         d2 = strrchr(v->path, '.');
 512
 513         if (d1 && d2) {
 514                 int r;
 515
 516                 r = strcasecmp(d1, d2);
 517                 if (r != 0)
 518                         return r;
 519         }
 520
 521         return strcasecmp(path_get_file_name(u->path), path_get_file_name(v->path));
 522 }
 523
 524 static bool output_show_unit_file(const UnitFileList *u) {
 525         const char *dot;
 526
 527         return !arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->path, '.')) && streq(dot+1, arg_type));
 528 }
 529
 530 static void output_unit_file_list(const UnitFileList *units, unsigned c) {
 531         unsigned max_id_len, id_cols, state_cols, n_shown = 0;
 532         const UnitFileList *u;
 533
 534         max_id_len = sizeof("UNIT FILE")-1;
 535         state_cols = sizeof("STATE")-1;
 536         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 537                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 538                         continue;
 539
 540                 max_id_len = MAX(max_id_len, strlen(path_get_file_name(u->path)));
 541                 state_cols = MAX(state_cols, strlen(unit_file_state_to_string(u->state)));
 542         }
 543
 544         if (!arg_full) {
 545                 unsigned basic_cols;
 546                 id_cols = MIN(max_id_len, 25u);
 547                 basic_cols = 1 + id_cols + state_cols;
 548                 if (basic_cols < (unsigned) columns())
 549                         id_cols += MIN(columns() - basic_cols, max_id_len - id_cols);
 550         } else
 551                 id_cols = max_id_len;
 552
 553         if (!arg_no_legend)
 554                 printf("%-*s %-*s\n", id_cols, "UNIT FILE", state_cols, "STATE");
 555
 556         for (u = units; u < units + c; u++) {
 557                 char _cleanup_free_ *e = NULL;
 558                 const char *on, *off;
 559                 const char *id;
 560
 561                 if (!output_show_unit_file(u))
 562                         continue;
 563
 564                 n_shown++;
 565
 566                 if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED ||
 567                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_MASKED_RUNTIME ||
 568                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_DISABLED ||
 569                     u->state == UNIT_FILE_INVALID) {
 570                         on  = ansi_highlight_red(true);
 571                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
 572                 } else if (u->state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED) {
 573                         on  = ansi_highlight_green(true);
 574                         off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
 575                 } else
 576                         on = off = "";
 577
 578                 id = path_get_file_name(u->path);
 579
 580                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(id, id_cols, 33);
 581
 582                 printf("%-*s %s%-*s%s\n",
 583                        id_cols, e ? e : id,
 584                        on, state_cols, unit_file_state_to_string(u->state), off);
 585         }
 586
 587         if (!arg_no_legend)
 588                 printf("\n%u unit files listed.\n", n_shown);
 589 }
 590
 591 static int list_unit_files(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 592         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 593         _cleanup_free_ UnitFileList *units = NULL;
 594         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 595         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 596         int r;
 597
 598         pager_open_if_enabled();
 599
 600         if (avoid_bus()) {
 601                 Hashmap *h;
 602                 UnitFileList *u;
 603                 Iterator i;
 604
 605                 h = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
 606                 if (!h)
 607                         return log_oom();
 608
 609                 r = unit_file_get_list(arg_scope, arg_root, h);
 610                 if (r < 0) {
 611                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 612                         log_error("Failed to get unit file list: %s", strerror(-r));
 613                         return r;
 614                 }
 615
 616                 n_units = hashmap_size(h);
 617                 units = new(UnitFileList, n_units);
 618                 if (!units) {
 619                         unit_file_list_free(h);
 620                         return log_oom();
 621                 }
 622
 623                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, h, i) {
 624                         memcpy(units + c++, u, sizeof(UnitFileList));
 625                         free(u);
 626                 }
 627
 628                 hashmap_free(h);
 629         } else {
 630                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
 631                                 bus,
 632                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 633                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 634                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 635                                 "ListUnitFiles",
 636                                 &reply,
 637                                 NULL,
 638                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 639                 if (r < 0)
 640                         return r;
 641
 642                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 643                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 644                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 645                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 646                         return -EIO;
 647                 }
 648
 649                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 650
 651                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 652                         UnitFileList *u;
 653                         const char *state;
 654
 655                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT);
 656
 657                         if (c >= n_units) {
 658                                 UnitFileList *w;
 659
 660                                 n_units = MAX(2*c, 16u);
 661                                 w = realloc(units, sizeof(struct UnitFileList) * n_units);
 662                                 if (!w)
 663                                         return log_oom();
 664
 665                                 units = w;
 666                         }
 667
 668                         u = units + c;
 669
 670                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 671
 672                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->path, true) < 0 ||
 673                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, false) < 0) {
 674                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 675                                 return -EIO;
 676                         }
 677
 678                         u->state = unit_file_state_from_string(state);
 679
 680                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 681                         c++;
 682                 }
 683         }
 684
 685         if (c > 0) {
 686                 qsort(units, c, sizeof(UnitFileList), compare_unit_file_list);
 687                 output_unit_file_list(units, c);
 688         }
 689
 690         return 0;
 691 }
 692
 693 static int list_dependencies_print(const char *name, int level, unsigned int branches, bool last) {
 694         int i;
 695         _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
 696         size_t len = 0;
 697         size_t max_len = MAX(columns(),20u);
 698
 699         for (i = level - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
 700                 len += 2;
 701                 if(len > max_len - 3 && !arg_full) {
 702                         printf("%s...\n",max_len % 2 ? "" : " ");
 703                         return 0;
 704                 }
 705                 printf("%s", draw_special_char(branches & (1 << i) ? DRAW_TREE_VERT : DRAW_TREE_SPACE));
 706         }
 707         len += 2;
 708         if(len > max_len - 3 && !arg_full) {
 709                 printf("%s...\n",max_len % 2 ? "" : " ");
 710                 return 0;
 711         }
 712         printf("%s", draw_special_char(last ? DRAW_TREE_RIGHT : DRAW_TREE_BRANCH));
 713
 714         if(arg_full){
 715                 printf("%s\n", name);
 716                 return 0;
 717         }
 718
 719         n = ellipsize(name, max_len-len, 100);
 720         if(!n)
 721                 return log_oom();
 722
 723         printf("%s\n", n);
 724         return 0;
 725 }
 726
 727 static int list_dependencies_get_dependencies(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, char ***deps) {
 728         static const char dependencies[] =
 729                 "Requires\0"
 730                 "RequiresOverridable\0"
 731                 "Requisite\0"
 732                 "RequisiteOverridable\0"
 733                 "Wants\0";
 734
 735         _cleanup_free_ char *path;
 736         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 737
 738         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_  DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 739         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 740
 741         int r = 0;
 742         char **ret = NULL;
 743
 744         assert(bus);
 745         assert(name);
 746         assert(deps);
 747
 748         path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(name);
 749         if (path == NULL) {
 750                 r = -EINVAL;
 751                 goto finish;
 752         }
 753
 754         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
 755                 bus,
 756                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 757                 path,
 758                 "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 759                 "GetAll",
 760                 &reply,
 761                 NULL,
 762                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 763                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 764         if (r < 0)
 765                 goto finish;
 766
 767         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 768                 dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 769                 dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 770                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 771                 r = -EIO;
 772                 goto finish;
 773         }
 774
 775         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 776
 777         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 778                 const char *prop;
 779
 780                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY);
 781                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 782
 783                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 784                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 785                         r = -EIO;
 786                         goto finish;
 787                 }
 788
 789                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT) {
 790                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 791                         r = -EIO;
 792                         goto finish;
 793                 }
 794
 795                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 796                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 797
 798                 if (!nulstr_contains(dependencies, prop))
 799                         continue;
 800
 801                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY) {
 802                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 803                                 DBusMessageIter sub4;
 804                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub3, &sub4);
 805
 806                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub4) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 807                                         const char *s;
 808
 809                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub4) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 810                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub4, &s);
 811
 812                                         r = strv_extend(&ret, s);
 813                                         if (r < 0) {
 814                                                 log_oom();
 815                                                 goto finish;
 816                                         }
 817
 818                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub4);
 819                                 }
 820                         }
 821                 }
 822         }
 823 finish:
 824         if (r < 0)
 825                 strv_free(ret);
 826         else
 827                 *deps = ret;
 828         return r;
 829 }
 830
 831 static int list_dependencies_compare(const void *_a, const void *_b) {
 832         const char **a = (const char**) _a, **b = (const char**) _b;
 833         if (unit_name_to_type(*a) == UNIT_TARGET && unit_name_to_type(*b) != UNIT_TARGET)
 834                 return 1;
 835         if (unit_name_to_type(*a) != UNIT_TARGET && unit_name_to_type(*b) == UNIT_TARGET)
 836                 return -1;
 837         return strcasecmp(*a, *b);
 838 }
 839
 840 static int list_dependencies_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, int level, char **units, unsigned int branches) {
 841         char _cleanup_strv_free_ **deps = NULL, **u;
 842         char **c;
 843         int r = 0;
 844
 845         u = strv_append(units, name);
 846         if (!u)
 847                 return log_oom();
 848
 849         r = list_dependencies_get_dependencies(bus, name, &deps);
 850         if (r < 0)
 851                 return r;
 852
 853         qsort(deps, strv_length(deps), sizeof (char*), list_dependencies_compare);
 854
 855         STRV_FOREACH(c, deps) {
 856                 if (strv_contains(u, *c)) {
 857                         r = list_dependencies_print("...", level + 1, (branches << 1) | (c[1] == NULL ? 0 : 1), 1);
 858                         if (r < 0)
 859                                 return r;
 860                         continue;
 861                 }
 862
 863                 r = list_dependencies_print(*c, level, branches, c[1] == NULL);
 864                 if (r < 0)
 865                         return r;
 866
 867                 if (arg_all || unit_name_to_type(*c) == UNIT_TARGET) {
 868                        r = list_dependencies_one(bus, *c, level + 1, u, (branches << 1) | (c[1] == NULL ? 0 : 1));
 869                        if(r < 0)
 870                                return r;
 871                 }
 872         }
 873
 874         return 0;
 875 }
 876
 877 static int list_dependencies(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 878         _cleanup_free_ char *unit = NULL;
 879         const char *u;
 880
 881         assert(bus);
 882
 883         if (args[1]) {
 884                 unit = unit_name_mangle(args[1]);
 885                 if (!unit)
 886                         return log_oom();
 887                 u = unit;
 888         } else
 889                 u = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET;
 890
 891         pager_open_if_enabled();
 892
 893         puts(u);
 894
 895         return list_dependencies_one(bus, u, 0, NULL, 0);
 896 }
 897
 898 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 899         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
 900         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 901         unsigned k = 0;
 902         int r;
 903
 904         pager_open_if_enabled();
 905
 906         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
 907                         bus,
 908                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 909                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 910                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 911                         "ListJobs",
 912                         &reply,
 913                         NULL,
 914                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 915         if (r < 0)
 916                 return r;
 917
 918         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 919             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 920             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 921                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 922                 return -EIO;
 923         }
 924
 925         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 926
 927         if (on_tty())
 928                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 929
 930         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 931                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 932                 uint32_t id;
 933                 char _cleanup_free_ *e = NULL;
 934
 935                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 936                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 937                         return -EIO;
 938                 }
 939
 940                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 941
 942                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 943                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 944                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 945                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 946                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 947                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 948                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 949                         return -EIO;
 950                 }
 951
 952                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
 953                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 954
 955                 k++;
 956
 957                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 958         }
 959
 960         if (on_tty())
 961                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 962
 963         return 0;
 964 }
 965
 966 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 967         char **name;
 968
 969         assert(args);
 970
 971         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
 972                 _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
 973                 int r;
 974
 975                 n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
 976                 if (!n)
 977                         return log_oom();
 978
 979                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
 980                                 bus,
 981                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 982                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 983                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 984                                 "LoadUnit",
 985                                 NULL,
 986                                 NULL,
 987                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
 988                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
 989                 if (r < 0)
 990                         return r;
 991         }
 992
 993         return 0;
 994 }
 995
 996 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
 997         char **name;
 998
 999         assert(args);
1000
1001         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
1002                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1003
1004         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1005                 uint32_t id;
1006                 int r;
1007
1008                 r = safe_atou32(*name, &id);
1009                 if (r < 0) {
1010                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
1011                         return r;
1012                 }
1013
1014                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1015                                 bus,
1016                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1017                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1018                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1019                                 "CancelJob",
1020                                 NULL,
1021                                 NULL,
1022                                 DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1023                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1024                 if (r < 0)
1025                         return r;
1026         }
1027
1028         return 0;
1029 }
1030
1031 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1032         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1033         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1034         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1035         const char
1036                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1037                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1038                 *path;
1039         _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
1040         int r;
1041
1042         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1043
1044         n = unit_name_mangle(unit);
1045         if (!n)
1046                 return log_oom();
1047
1048         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1049                         bus,
1050                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1051                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1052                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1053                         "GetUnit",
1054                         &reply,
1055                         NULL,
1056                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
1057                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1058         if (r < 0)
1059                 return r;
1060
1061         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1062                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1063                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1064                 return -EIO;
1065
1066         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1067         reply = NULL;
1068
1069         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1070                         bus,
1071                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1072                         path,
1073                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1074                         "Get",
1075                         &reply,
1076                         NULL,
1077                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1078                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1079                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1080         if (r < 0)
1081                 return r;
1082
1083         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1084             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1085                 return -EIO;
1086
1087         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1088         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1089                 return -EIO;
1090
1091         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1092         return b;
1093 }
1094
1095 typedef struct WaitData {
1096         Set *set;
1097
1098         char *name;
1099         char *result;
1100 } WaitData;
1101
1102 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1103         DBusError _cleanup_dbus_error_free_ error;
1104         WaitData *d = data;
1105
1106         dbus_error_init(&error);
1107
1108         assert(connection);
1109         assert(message);
1110         assert(d);
1111
1112         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1113                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1114                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1115                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1116
1117         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1118                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1119                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1120
1121         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1122                 uint32_t id;
1123                 const char *path, *result, *unit;
1124
1125                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1126                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1127                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1128                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1129                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1130                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1131
1132                         free(set_remove(d->set, (char*) path));
1133
1134                         if (!isempty(result))
1135                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1136
1137                         if (!isempty(unit))
1138                                 d->name = strdup(unit);
1139
1140                         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1141                 }
1142 #ifndef LEGACY
1143                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1144                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1145                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1146                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1147                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1148                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1149                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1150                          * 183 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1151                          * one day. */
1152                         free(set_remove(d->set, (char*) path));
1153
1154                         if (*result)
1155                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1156
1157                         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1158                 }
1159 #endif
1160
1161                 log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1162         }
1163
1164         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1165 }
1166
1167 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1168         DBusError error;
1169
1170         assert(bus);
1171
1172         if (private_bus)
1173                 return 0;
1174
1175         dbus_error_init(&error);
1176         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1177                            "type='signal',"
1178                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1179                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1180                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1181                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1182                            &error);
1183
1184         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1185                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1186                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1187                 return -EIO;
1188         }
1189
1190         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1191         return 0;
1192 }
1193
1194 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1195         int r = 0;
1196         WaitData d;
1197
1198         assert(bus);
1199         assert(s);
1200
1201         zero(d);
1202         d.set = s;
1203
1204         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL))
1205                 return log_oom();
1206
1207         while (!set_isempty(s)) {
1208
1209                 if (!dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1)) {
1210                         log_error("Disconnected from bus.");
1211                         return -ECONNREFUSED;
1212                 }
1213
1214                 if (!d.result)
1215                         goto free_name;
1216
1217                 if (!arg_quiet) {
1218                         if (streq(d.result, "timeout"))
1219                                 log_error("Job for %s timed out.", strna(d.name));
1220                         else if (streq(d.result, "canceled"))
1221                                 log_error("Job for %s canceled.", strna(d.name));
1222                         else if (streq(d.result, "dependency"))
1223                                 log_error("A dependency job for %s failed. See 'journalctl -xn' for details.", strna(d.name));
1224                         else if (!streq(d.result, "done") && !streq(d.result, "skipped"))
1225                                 log_error("Job for %s failed. See 'systemctl status %s' and 'journalctl -xn' for details.", strna(d.name), strna(d.name));
1226                 }
1227
1228                 if (streq_ptr(d.result, "timeout"))
1229                         r = -ETIME;
1230                 else if (streq_ptr(d.result, "canceled"))
1231                         r = -ECANCELED;
1232                 else if (!streq_ptr(d.result, "done") && !streq_ptr(d.result, "skipped"))
1233                         r = -EIO;
1234
1235                 free(d.result);
1236                 d.result = NULL;
1237
1238         free_name:
1239                 free(d.name);
1240                 d.name = NULL;
1241         }
1242
1243         dbus_connection_remove_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d);
1244         return r;
1245 }
1246
1247 static int check_one_unit(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, char **check_states, bool quiet) {
1248         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1249         _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
1250         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1251         const char
1252                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1253                 *property = "ActiveState";
1254         const char *state, *path;
1255         DBusError error;
1256         int r;
1257
1258         assert(name);
1259
1260         dbus_error_init(&error);
1261
1262         n = unit_name_mangle(name);
1263         if (!n)
1264                 return log_oom();
1265
1266         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
1267                         bus,
1268                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1269                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1270                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1271                         "GetUnit",
1272                         &reply,
1273                         &error,
1274                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
1275                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1276         if (r < 0) {
1277                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1278
1279                 if (!quiet)
1280                         puts("unknown");
1281                 return 0;
1282         }
1283
1284         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1285                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1286                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1287                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1288                 return -EIO;
1289         }
1290
1291         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1292         reply = NULL;
1293
1294         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1295                         bus,
1296                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1297                         path,
1298                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1299                         "Get",
1300                         &reply,
1301                         NULL,
1302                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1303                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1304                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1305         if (r < 0) {
1306                 if (!quiet)
1307                         puts("unknown");
1308                 return 0;
1309         }
1310
1311         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1312             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1313                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1314                 return r;
1315         }
1316
1317         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1318
1319         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1320                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1321                 return r;
1322         }
1323
1324         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1325
1326         if (!quiet)
1327                 puts(state);
1328
1329         return strv_find(check_states, state) ? 1 : 0;
1330 }
1331
1332 static void check_triggering_units(
1333                 DBusConnection *bus,
1334                 const char *unit_name) {
1335
1336         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1337         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1338         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1339                    *load_state_property = "LoadState",
1340                    *triggered_by_property = "TriggeredBy",
1341                    *state;
1342         char _cleanup_free_ *unit_path = NULL, *n = NULL;
1343         bool print_warning_label = true;
1344         int r;
1345
1346         n = unit_name_mangle(unit_name);
1347         if (!n) {
1348                 log_oom();
1349                 return;
1350         }
1351
1352         unit_path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(n);
1353         if (!unit_path) {
1354                 log_oom();
1355                 return;
1356         }
1357
1358         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1359                         bus,
1360                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1361                         unit_path,
1362                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1363                         "Get",
1364                         &reply,
1365                         NULL,
1366                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1367                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state_property,
1368                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1369         if (r < 0)
1370                 return;
1371
1372         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1373             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT) {
1374                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1375                 return;
1376         }
1377
1378         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1379
1380         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1381             log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1382             return;
1383         }
1384
1385         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1386
1387         if (streq(state, "masked"))
1388             return;
1389
1390         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1391         reply = NULL;
1392
1393         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1394                         bus,
1395                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1396                         unit_path,
1397                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1398                         "Get",
1399                         &reply,
1400                         NULL,
1401                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1402                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &triggered_by_property,
1403                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1404         if (r < 0)
1405                 return;
1406
1407         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1408             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT) {
1409                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1410                 return;
1411         }
1412
1413         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1414         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &iter);
1415         sub = iter;
1416
1417         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1418                 const char * const check_states[] = {
1419                         "active",
1420                         "reloading",
1421                         NULL
1422                 };
1423                 const char *service_trigger;
1424
1425                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
1426                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1427                         return;
1428                 }
1429
1430                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &service_trigger);
1431
1432                 r = check_one_unit(bus, service_trigger, (char**) check_states, true);
1433                 if (r < 0)
1434                         return;
1435                 if (r > 0) {
1436                         if (print_warning_label) {
1437                                 log_warning("Warning: Stopping %s, but it can still be activated by:", unit_name);
1438                                 print_warning_label = false;
1439                         }
1440
1441                         log_warning("  %s", service_trigger);
1442                 }
1443
1444                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1445         }
1446 }
1447
1448 static int start_unit_one(
1449                 DBusConnection *bus,
1450                 const char *method,
1451                 const char *name,
1452                 const char *mode,
1453                 DBusError *error,
1454                 Set *s) {
1455
1456         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1457         _cleanup_free_ char *n;
1458         const char *path;
1459         int r;
1460
1461         assert(method);
1462         assert(name);
1463         assert(mode);
1464         assert(error);
1465
1466         n = unit_name_mangle(name);
1467         if (!n)
1468                 return log_oom();
1469
1470         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1471                         bus,
1472                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1473                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1474                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1475                         method,
1476                         &reply,
1477                         error,
1478                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
1479                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1480                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1481         if (r) {
1482                 if (r == -ENOENT && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL)
1483                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1484                          * legacy actions. */
1485                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1486                 else
1487                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1488
1489                 return r;
1490         }
1491
1492         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1493                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1494                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1495                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1496                 return -EIO;
1497         }
1498
1499         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, n))
1500                 log_warning("Warning: Unit file of %s changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1501                             n, arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
1502
1503         if (s) {
1504                 char *p;
1505
1506                 p = strdup(path);
1507                 if (!p)
1508                         return log_oom();
1509
1510                 r = set_put(s, p);
1511                 if (r < 0) {
1512                         free(p);
1513                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1514                         return r;
1515                 }
1516         }
1517
1518         return 0;
1519 }
1520
1521 static const struct {
1522         const char *target;
1523         const char *verb;
1524         const char *mode;
1525 } action_table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1526         [ACTION_HALT]         = { SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,         "halt",         "replace-irreversibly" },
1527         [ACTION_POWEROFF]     = { SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,     "poweroff",     "replace-irreversibly" },
1528         [ACTION_REBOOT]       = { SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,       "reboot",       "replace-irreversibly" },
1529         [ACTION_KEXEC]        = { SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,        "kexec",        "replace-irreversibly" },
1530         [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2]    = { SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,    NULL,           "isolate" },
1531         [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3]    = { SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,    NULL,           "isolate" },
1532         [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4]    = { SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,    NULL,           "isolate" },
1533         [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5]    = { SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,    NULL,           "isolate" },
1534         [ACTION_RESCUE]       = { SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,       "rescue",       "isolate" },
1535         [ACTION_EMERGENCY]    = { SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,    "emergency",    "isolate" },
1536         [ACTION_DEFAULT]      = { SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,      "default",      "isolate" },
1537         [ACTION_EXIT]         = { SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET,         "exit",         "replace-irreversibly" },
1538         [ACTION_SUSPEND]      = { SPECIAL_SUSPEND_TARGET,      "suspend",      "replace-irreversibly" },
1539         [ACTION_HIBERNATE]    = { SPECIAL_HIBERNATE_TARGET,    "hibernate",    "replace-irreversibly" },
1540         [ACTION_HYBRID_SLEEP] = { SPECIAL_HYBRID_SLEEP_TARGET, "hybrid-sleep", "replace-irreversibly" },
1541 };
1542
1543 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1544         enum action i;
1545
1546         for (i = ACTION_INVALID; i < _ACTION_MAX; i++)
1547                 if (action_table[i].verb && streq(verb, action_table[i].verb))
1548                         return i;
1549         return ACTION_INVALID;
1550 }
1551
1552 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1553
1554         int r, ret = 0;
1555         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1556         Set _cleanup_set_free_free_ *s = NULL;
1557         DBusError _cleanup_dbus_error_free_ error;
1558         char **name;
1559
1560         dbus_error_init(&error);
1561
1562         assert(bus);
1563
1564         ask_password_agent_open_if_enabled();
1565
1566         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1567                 enum action action;
1568                 method =
1569                         streq(args[0], "stop") ||
1570                         streq(args[0], "condstop")              ? "StopUnit" :
1571                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1572                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1573
1574                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1575                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1576
1577                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1578
1579                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1580                         streq(args[0], "condreload") ||
1581
1582                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1583                                                                   "StartUnit";
1584                 action = verb_to_action(args[0]);
1585
1586                 mode = streq(args[0], "isolate") ? "isolate" :
1587                        action_table[action].mode ?: arg_job_mode;
1588
1589                 one_name = action_table[action].target;
1590
1591         } else {
1592                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(action_table));
1593                 assert(action_table[arg_action].target);
1594
1595                 method = "StartUnit";
1596
1597                 mode = action_table[arg_action].mode;
1598                 one_name = action_table[arg_action].target;
1599         }
1600
1601         if (!arg_no_block) {
1602                 ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus);
1603                 if (ret < 0) {
1604                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1605                         return ret;
1606                 }
1607
1608                 s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
1609                 if (!s)
1610                         return log_oom();
1611         }
1612
1613         if (one_name) {
1614                 ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s);
1615                 if (ret < 0)
1616                         ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(ret, &error);
1617         } else {
1618                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1619                         r = start_unit_one(bus, method, *name, mode, &error, s);
1620                         if (r < 0) {
1621                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1622                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1623                         }
1624                 }
1625         }
1626
1627         if (!arg_no_block) {
1628                 r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s);
1629                 if (r < 0)
1630                         return r;
1631
1632                 /* When stopping units, warn if they can still be triggered by
1633                  * another active unit (socket, path, timer) */
1634                 if (!arg_quiet && streq(method, "StopUnit")) {
1635                         if (one_name)
1636                                 check_triggering_units(bus, one_name);
1637                         else
1638                                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1)
1639                                         check_triggering_units(bus, *name);
1640                 }
1641         }
1642
1643         return ret;
1644 }
1645
1646 /* Ask systemd-logind, which might grant access to unprivileged users
1647  * through PolicyKit */
1648 static int reboot_with_logind(DBusConnection *bus, enum action a) {
1649 #ifdef HAVE_LOGIND
1650         const char *method;
1651         dbus_bool_t interactive = true;
1652
1653         if (!bus)
1654                 return -EIO;
1655
1656         polkit_agent_open_if_enabled();
1657
1658         switch (a) {
1659
1660         case ACTION_REBOOT:
1661                 method = "Reboot";
1662                 break;
1663
1664         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
1665                 method = "PowerOff";
1666                 break;
1667
1668         case ACTION_SUSPEND:
1669                 method = "Suspend";
1670                 break;
1671
1672         case ACTION_HIBERNATE:
1673                 method = "Hibernate";
1674                 break;
1675
1676         case ACTION_HYBRID_SLEEP:
1677                 method = "HybridSleep";
1678                 break;
1679
1680         default:
1681                 return -EINVAL;
1682         }
1683
1684         return bus_method_call_with_reply(
1685                         bus,
1686                         "org.freedesktop.login1",
1687                         "/org/freedesktop/login1",
1688                         "org.freedesktop.login1.Manager",
1689                         method,
1690                         NULL,
1691                         NULL,
1692                         DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &interactive,
1693                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1694 #else
1695         return -ENOSYS;
1696 #endif
1697 }
1698
1699 static int check_inhibitors(DBusConnection *bus, enum action a) {
1700 #ifdef HAVE_LOGIND
1701         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
1702         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
1703         int r;
1704         unsigned c = 0;
1705         _cleanup_strv_free_ char **sessions = NULL;
1706         char **s;
1707
1708         if (!bus)
1709                 return 0;
1710
1711         if (arg_ignore_inhibitors || arg_force > 0)
1712                 return 0;
1713
1714         if (arg_when > 0)
1715                 return 0;
1716
1717         if (geteuid() == 0)
1718                 return 0;
1719
1720         if (!on_tty())
1721                 return 0;
1722
1723         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1724                         bus,
1725                         "org.freedesktop.login1",
1726                         "/org/freedesktop/login1",
1727                         "org.freedesktop.login1.Manager",
1728                         "ListInhibitors",
1729                         &reply,
1730                         NULL,
1731                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1732         if (r < 0)
1733                 /* If logind is not around, then there are no inhibitors... */
1734                 return 0;
1735
1736         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1737             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1738             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1739                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1740                 return -EIO;
1741         }
1742
1743         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1744         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1745                 const char *what, *who, *why, *mode;
1746                 uint32_t uid, pid;
1747                 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **sv = NULL;
1748                 _cleanup_free_ char *comm = NULL, *user = NULL;
1749
1750                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1751                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1752                         return -EIO;
1753                 }
1754
1755                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
1756
1757                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &what, true) < 0 ||
1758                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &who, true) < 0 ||
1759                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &why, true) < 0 ||
1760                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode, true) < 0 ||
1761                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &uid, true) < 0 ||
1762                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, false) < 0) {
1763                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1764                         return -EIO;
1765                 }
1766
1767                 if (!streq(mode, "block"))
1768                         goto next;
1769
1770                 sv = strv_split(what, ":");
1771                 if (!sv)
1772                         return log_oom();
1773
1774                 if (!strv_contains(sv,
1775                                   a == ACTION_HALT ||
1776                                   a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1777                                   a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1778                                   a == ACTION_KEXEC ? "shutdown" : "sleep"))
1779                         goto next;
1780
1781                 get_process_comm(pid, &comm);
1782                 user = uid_to_name(uid);
1783                 log_warning("Operation inhibited by \"%s\" (PID %lu \"%s\", user %s), reason is \"%s\".",
1784                             who, (unsigned long) pid, strna(comm), strna(user), why);
1785                 c++;
1786
1787         next:
1788                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1789         }
1790
1791         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1792
1793         /* Check for current sessions */
1794         sd_get_sessions(&sessions);
1795         STRV_FOREACH(s, sessions) {
1796                 uid_t uid;
1797                 _cleanup_free_ char *type = NULL, *tty = NULL, *seat = NULL, *user = NULL, *service = NULL, *class = NULL;
1798
1799                 if (sd_session_get_uid(*s, &uid) < 0 || uid == getuid())
1800                         continue;
1801
1802                 if (sd_session_get_class(*s, &class) < 0 || !streq(class, "user"))
1803                         continue;
1804
1805                 if (sd_session_get_type(*s, &type) < 0 || (!streq(type, "x11") && !streq(type, "tty")))
1806                         continue;
1807
1808                 sd_session_get_tty(*s, &tty);
1809                 sd_session_get_seat(*s, &seat);
1810                 sd_session_get_service(*s, &service);
1811                 user = uid_to_name(uid);
1812
1813                 log_warning("User %s is logged in on %s.", strna(user), isempty(tty) ? (isempty(seat) ? strna(service) : seat) : tty);
1814                 c++;
1815         }
1816
1817         if (c <= 0)
1818                 return 0;
1819
1820         log_error("Please retry operation after closing inhibitors and logging out other users.\nAlternatively, ignore inhibitors and users with 'systemctl %s -i'.",
1821                   action_table[a].verb);
1822
1823         return -EPERM;
1824 #else
1825         return 0;
1826 #endif
1827 }
1828
1829 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1830         enum action a;
1831         int r;
1832
1833         assert(args);
1834
1835         a = verb_to_action(args[0]);
1836
1837         r = check_inhibitors(bus, a);
1838         if (r < 0)
1839                 return r;
1840
1841         if (arg_force >= 2 && geteuid() != 0) {
1842                 log_error("Must be root.");
1843                 return -EPERM;
1844         }
1845
1846         if (arg_force >= 2 &&
1847             (a == ACTION_HALT ||
1848              a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1849              a == ACTION_REBOOT))
1850                 halt_now(a);
1851
1852         if (arg_force >= 1 &&
1853             (a == ACTION_HALT ||
1854              a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1855              a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1856              a == ACTION_KEXEC ||
1857              a == ACTION_EXIT))
1858                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
1859
1860         /* first try logind, to allow authentication with polkit */
1861         if (geteuid() != 0 &&
1862             (a == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
1863              a == ACTION_REBOOT ||
1864              a == ACTION_SUSPEND ||
1865              a == ACTION_HIBERNATE ||
1866              a == ACTION_HYBRID_SLEEP)) {
1867                 r = reboot_with_logind(bus, a);
1868                 if (r >= 0)
1869                         return r;
1870         }
1871
1872         r = start_unit(bus, args);
1873         if (r == EXIT_SUCCESS)
1874                 warn_wall(a);
1875
1876         return r;
1877 }
1878
1879 static int check_unit_active(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1880         const char * const check_states[] = {
1881                 "active",
1882                 "reloading",
1883                 NULL
1884         };
1885
1886         char **name;
1887         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1888
1889         assert(bus);
1890         assert(args);
1891
1892         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1893                 int state;
1894
1895                 state = check_one_unit(bus, *name, (char**) check_states, arg_quiet);
1896                 if (state < 0)
1897                         return state;
1898                 if (state > 0)
1899                         r = 0;
1900         }
1901
1902         return r;
1903 }
1904
1905 static int check_unit_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1906         const char * const check_states[] = {
1907                 "failed",
1908                 NULL
1909         };
1910
1911         char **name;
1912         int r = 1;
1913
1914         assert(bus);
1915         assert(args);
1916
1917         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1918                 int state;
1919
1920                 state = check_one_unit(bus, *name, (char**) check_states, arg_quiet);
1921                 if (state < 0)
1922                         return state;
1923                 if (state > 0)
1924                         r = 0;
1925         }
1926
1927         return r;
1928 }
1929
1930 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1931         char **name;
1932         int r = 0;
1933
1934         assert(bus);
1935         assert(args);
1936
1937         if (!arg_kill_who)
1938                 arg_kill_who = "all";
1939
1940         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
1941                 _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
1942
1943                 n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
1944                 if (!n)
1945                         return log_oom();
1946
1947                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1948                                 bus,
1949                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1950                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1951                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1952                                 "KillUnit",
1953                                 NULL,
1954                                 NULL,
1955                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
1956                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
1957                                 DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
1958                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1959                 if (r < 0)
1960                         return r;
1961         }
1962         return 0;
1963 }
1964
1965 static int set_cgroup(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
1966         _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
1967         const char *method, *runtime;
1968         char **argument;
1969         int r;
1970
1971         assert(bus);
1972         assert(args);
1973
1974         method =
1975                 streq(args[0], "set-cgroup")   ? "SetUnitControlGroup" :
1976                 streq(args[0], "unset-cgroup") ? "UnsetUnitControlGroup"
1977                                                : "UnsetUnitControlGroupAttribute";
1978
1979         runtime = arg_runtime ? "runtime" : "persistent";
1980
1981         n = unit_name_mangle(args[1]);
1982         if (!n)
1983                 return log_oom();
1984
1985         STRV_FOREACH(argument, args + 2) {
1986
1987                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
1988                                 bus,
1989                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1990                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1991                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1992                                 method,
1993                                 NULL,
1994                                 NULL,
1995                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
1996                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, argument,
1997                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &runtime,
1998                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
1999                 if (r < 0)
2000                         return r;
2001         }
2002
2003         return 0;
2004 }
2005
2006 static int set_cgroup_attr(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
2007         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2008         DBusError error;
2009         DBusMessageIter iter;
2010         _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
2011         const char *runtime;
2012         int r;
2013
2014         assert(bus);
2015         assert(args);
2016
2017         dbus_error_init(&error);
2018
2019         runtime = arg_runtime ? "runtime" : "persistent";
2020
2021         n = unit_name_mangle(args[1]);
2022         if (!n)
2023                 return log_oom();
2024
2025         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2026                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2027                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2028                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2029                         "SetUnitControlGroupAttribute");
2030         if (!m)
2031                 return log_oom();
2032
2033         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
2034         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n) ||
2035             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[2]))
2036                 return log_oom();
2037
2038         r = bus_append_strv_iter(&iter, args + 3);
2039         if (r < 0)
2040                 return log_oom();
2041
2042         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &runtime))
2043                 return log_oom();
2044
2045         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
2046         if (!reply) {
2047                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2048                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2049                 return -EIO;
2050         }
2051
2052         return 0;
2053 }
2054
2055 static int get_cgroup_attr(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
2056         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
2057         _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
2058         char **argument;
2059         int r;
2060
2061         assert(bus);
2062         assert(args);
2063
2064         n = unit_name_mangle(args[1]);
2065         if (!n)
2066                 return log_oom();
2067
2068         STRV_FOREACH(argument, args + 2) {
2069                 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **list = NULL;
2070                 DBusMessageIter iter;
2071                 char **a;
2072
2073                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
2074                                 bus,
2075                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2076                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2077                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2078                                 "GetUnitControlGroupAttribute",
2079                                 &reply,
2080                                 NULL,
2081                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
2082                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, argument,
2083                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
2084                 if (r < 0)
2085                         return r;
2086
2087                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter)) {
2088                         log_error("Failed to initialize iterator.");
2089                         return -EIO;
2090                 }
2091
2092                 r = bus_parse_strv_iter(&iter, &list);
2093                 if (r < 0) {
2094                         log_error("Failed to parse value list.");
2095                         return r;
2096                 }
2097
2098                 STRV_FOREACH(a, list) {
2099                         if (endswith(*a, "\n"))
2100                                 fputs(*a, stdout);
2101                         else
2102                                 puts(*a);
2103                 }
2104         }
2105
2106         return 0;
2107 }
2108
2109 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
2110         char *name;
2111
2112         char *path;
2113         char **argv;
2114
2115         bool ignore;
2116
2117         usec_t start_timestamp;
2118         usec_t exit_timestamp;
2119         pid_t pid;
2120         int code;
2121         int status;
2122
2123         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
2124 } ExecStatusInfo;
2125
2126 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
2127         assert(i);
2128
2129         free(i->name);
2130         free(i->path);
2131         strv_free(i->argv);
2132         free(i);
2133 }
2134
2135 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
2136         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp, start_timestamp_monotonic, exit_timestamp_monotonic;
2137         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
2138         const char*path;
2139         unsigned n;
2140         uint32_t pid;
2141         int32_t code, status;
2142         dbus_bool_t ignore;
2143
2144         assert(i);
2145         assert(i);
2146
2147         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
2148                 return -EIO;
2149
2150         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
2151
2152         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
2153                 return -EIO;
2154
2155         i->path = strdup(path);
2156         if (!i->path)
2157                 return -ENOMEM;
2158
2159         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2160             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
2161                 return -EIO;
2162
2163         n = 0;
2164         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2165         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2166                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2167                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
2168                 n++;
2169         }
2170
2171         i->argv = new0(char*, n+1);
2172         if (!i->argv)
2173                 return -ENOMEM;
2174
2175         n = 0;
2176         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2177         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2178                 const char *s;
2179
2180                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2181                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
2182                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
2183
2184                 i->argv[n] = strdup(s);
2185                 if (!i->argv[n])
2186                         return -ENOMEM;
2187
2188                 n++;
2189         }
2190
2191         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
2192             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
2193             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
2194             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
2195             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
2196             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp_monotonic, true) < 0 ||
2197             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
2198             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
2199             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
2200                 return -EIO;
2201
2202         i->ignore = ignore;
2203         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
2204         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
2205         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
2206         i->code = code;
2207         i->status = status;
2208
2209         return 0;
2210 }
2211
2212 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
2213         const char *id;
2214         const char *load_state;
2215         const char *active_state;
2216         const char *sub_state;
2217         const char *unit_file_state;
2218
2219         const char *description;
2220         const char *following;
2221
2222         char **documentation;
2223
2224         const char *fragment_path;
2225         const char *source_path;
2226         const char *default_control_group;
2227
2228         const char *load_error;
2229         const char *result;
2230
2231         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
2232         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic;
2233         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
2234         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
2235         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
2236
2237         bool need_daemon_reload;
2238
2239         /* Service */
2240         pid_t main_pid;
2241         pid_t control_pid;
2242         const char *status_text;
2243         bool running:1;
2244
2245         usec_t start_timestamp;
2246         usec_t exit_timestamp;
2247
2248         int exit_code, exit_status;
2249
2250         usec_t condition_timestamp;
2251         bool condition_result;
2252
2253         /* Socket */
2254         unsigned n_accepted;
2255         unsigned n_connections;
2256         bool accept;
2257
2258         /* Pairs of type, path */
2259         char **listen;
2260
2261         /* Device */
2262         const char *sysfs_path;
2263
2264         /* Mount, Automount */
2265         const char *where;
2266
2267         /* Swap */
2268         const char *what;
2269
2270         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
2271 } UnitStatusInfo;
2272
2273 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2274         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2275         const char *on, *off, *ss;
2276         usec_t timestamp;
2277         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_RELATIVE_MAX], *s1;
2278         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
2279         const char *path;
2280         int flags =
2281                 arg_all * OUTPUT_SHOW_ALL |
2282                 (!on_tty() || pager_have()) * OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH |
2283                 on_tty() * OUTPUT_COLOR |
2284                 !arg_quiet * OUTPUT_WARN_CUTOFF |
2285                 arg_full * OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH;
2286         int maxlen = 8; /* a value that'll suffice most of the time */
2287         char **t, **t2;
2288
2289         assert(i);
2290
2291         STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(t, t2, i->listen)
2292                 maxlen = MAX(maxlen, (int)(sizeof("Listen") - 1 + strlen(*t)));
2293         if (i->accept)
2294                 maxlen = MAX(maxlen, (int)sizeof("Accept") - 1);
2295         if (i->main_pid > 0)
2296                 maxlen = MAX(maxlen, (int)sizeof("Main PID") - 1);
2297         else if (i->control_pid > 0)
2298                 maxlen = MAX(maxlen, (int)sizeof("Control") - 1);
2299
2300         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
2301          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
2302
2303         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
2304
2305         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
2306                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
2307
2308         printf("\n");
2309
2310         if (i->following)
2311                 printf(" %*s: unit currently follows state of %s\n", maxlen, "Follow", i->following);
2312
2313         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "error")) {
2314                 on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2315                 off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2316         } else
2317                 on = off = "";
2318
2319         path = i->source_path ? i->source_path : i->fragment_path;
2320
2321         if (i->load_error)
2322                 printf(" %*s: %s%s%s (Reason: %s)\n",
2323                        maxlen, "Loaded", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->load_error);
2324         else if (path && i->unit_file_state)
2325                 printf(" %*s: %s%s%s (%s; %s)\n",
2326                        maxlen, "Loaded", on, strna(i->load_state), off, path, i->unit_file_state);
2327         else if (path)
2328                 printf(" %*s: %s%s%s (%s)\n",
2329                        maxlen, "Loaded", on, strna(i->load_state), off, path);
2330         else
2331                 printf(" %*s: %s%s%s\n",
2332                        maxlen, "Loaded", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
2333
2334         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
2335
2336         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
2337                 on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2338                 off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2339         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
2340                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
2341                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
2342         } else
2343                 on = off = "";
2344
2345         if (ss)
2346                 printf(" %*s: %s%s (%s)%s",
2347                        maxlen, "Active",  on, strna(i->active_state), ss, off);
2348         else
2349                 printf(" %*s: %s%s%s",
2350                        maxlen, "Active", on, strna(i->active_state), off);
2351
2352         if (!isempty(i->result) && !streq(i->result, "success"))
2353                 printf(" (Result: %s)", i->result);
2354
2355         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
2356                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
2357                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
2358                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
2359                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
2360                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
2361
2362         s1 = format_timestamp_relative(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
2363         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
2364
2365         if (s1)
2366                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
2367         else if (s2)
2368                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
2369         else
2370                 printf("\n");
2371
2372         if (!i->condition_result && i->condition_timestamp > 0) {
2373                 s1 = format_timestamp_relative(since1, sizeof(since1), i->condition_timestamp);
2374                 s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), i->condition_timestamp);
2375
2376                 if (s1)
2377                         printf(" %*s start condition failed at %s; %s\n", maxlen, "", s2, s1);
2378                 else if (s2)
2379                         printf(" %*s start condition failed at %s\n", maxlen, "", s2);
2380         }
2381
2382         if (i->sysfs_path)
2383                 printf(" %*s: %s\n", maxlen, "Device", i->sysfs_path);
2384         if (i->where)
2385                 printf(" %*s: %s\n", maxlen, "Where", i->where);
2386         if (i->what)
2387                 printf(" %*s: %s\n", maxlen, "What", i->what);
2388
2389         STRV_FOREACH(t, i->documentation)
2390                 printf(" %*s: %s\n", maxlen, t == i->documentation ? "Docs" : "", *t);
2391
2392         STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(t, t2, i->listen)
2393                 printf(" %*s%s: %s\n", maxlen - (int)strlen(*t), "Listen", *t, *t2);
2394
2395         if (i->accept)
2396                 printf(" %*s: %u; Connected: %u\n", maxlen, "Accepted", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
2397
2398         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
2399                 _cleanup_free_ char *argv = NULL;
2400                 bool good;
2401
2402                 /* Only show exited processes here */
2403                 if (p->code == 0)
2404                         continue;
2405
2406                 argv = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
2407                 printf(" %*s: %u %s=%s ", maxlen, "Process", p->pid, p->name, strna(argv));
2408
2409                 good = is_clean_exit_lsb(p->code, p->status, NULL);
2410                 if (!good) {
2411                         on = ansi_highlight_red(true);
2412                         off = ansi_highlight_red(false);
2413                 } else
2414                         on = off = "";
2415
2416                 printf("%s(code=%s, ", on, sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
2417
2418                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
2419                         const char *c;
2420
2421                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
2422
2423                         c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD);
2424                         if (c)
2425                                 printf("/%s", c);
2426
2427                 } else
2428                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
2429
2430                 printf(")%s\n", off);
2431
2432                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
2433                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
2434                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
2435                         /* Let's not show this twice */
2436                         i->main_pid = 0;
2437
2438                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
2439                         i->control_pid = 0;
2440         }
2441
2442         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
2443                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
2444                         printf(" %*s: %u", maxlen, "Main PID", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
2445
2446                         if (i->running) {
2447                                 _cleanup_free_ char *comm = NULL;
2448                                 get_process_comm(i->main_pid, &comm);
2449                                 if (comm)
2450                                         printf(" (%s)", comm);
2451                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
2452                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
2453
2454                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
2455                                         const char *c;
2456
2457                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
2458
2459                                         c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD);
2460                                         if (c)
2461                                                 printf("/%s", c);
2462
2463                                 } else
2464                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
2465                                 printf(")");
2466                         }
2467
2468                         if (i->control_pid > 0)
2469                                 printf(";");
2470                 }
2471
2472                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
2473                         _cleanup_free_ char *c = NULL;
2474
2475                         printf(" %*s: %u", i->main_pid ? 0 : maxlen, "Control", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
2476
2477                         get_process_comm(i->control_pid, &c);
2478                         if (c)
2479                                 printf(" (%s)", c);
2480                 }
2481
2482                 printf("\n");
2483         }
2484
2485         if (i->status_text)
2486                 printf(" %*s: \"%s\"\n", maxlen, "Status", i->status_text);
2487
2488         if (i->default_control_group &&
2489             (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0 || cg_is_empty_by_spec(i->default_control_group, false) == 0)) {
2490                 unsigned c;
2491
2492                 printf(" %*s: %s\n", maxlen, "CGroup", i->default_control_group);
2493
2494                 if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2495                         unsigned k = 0;
2496                         pid_t extra[2];
2497
2498                         c = columns();
2499                         if (c > 18)
2500                                 c -= 18;
2501                         else
2502                                 c = 0;
2503
2504                         if (i->main_pid > 0)
2505                                 extra[k++] = i->main_pid;
2506
2507                         if (i->control_pid > 0)
2508                                 extra[k++] = i->control_pid;
2509
2510                         show_cgroup_and_extra_by_spec(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c, false, extra, k, flags);
2511                 }
2512         }
2513
2514         if (i->id && arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2515                 printf("\n");
2516                 show_journal_by_unit(stdout,
2517                                      i->id,
2518                                      arg_output,
2519                                      0,
2520                                      i->inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic,
2521                                      arg_lines,
2522                                      getuid(),
2523                                      flags,
2524                                      arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM);
2525         }
2526
2527         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
2528                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
2529                        ansi_highlight_red(true),
2530                        ansi_highlight_red(false),
2531                        arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user");
2532 }
2533
2534 static void show_unit_help(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2535         char **p;
2536
2537         assert(i);
2538
2539         if (!i->documentation) {
2540                 log_info("Documentation for %s not known.", i->id);
2541                 return;
2542         }
2543
2544         STRV_FOREACH(p, i->documentation) {
2545
2546                 if (startswith(*p, "man:")) {
2547                         size_t k;
2548                         char *e = NULL;
2549                         char _cleanup_free_ *page = NULL, *section = NULL;
2550                         const char *args[4] = { "man", NULL, NULL, NULL };
2551                         pid_t pid;
2552
2553                         k = strlen(*p);
2554
2555                         if ((*p)[k-1] == ')')
2556                                 e = strrchr(*p, '(');
2557
2558                         if (e) {
2559                                 page = strndup((*p) + 4, e - *p - 4);
2560                                 section = strndup(e + 1, *p + k - e - 2);
2561                                 if (!page || !section) {
2562                                         log_oom();
2563                                         return;
2564                                 }
2565
2566                                 args[1] = section;
2567                                 args[2] = page;
2568                         } else
2569                                 args[1] = *p + 4;
2570
2571                         pid = fork();
2572                         if (pid < 0) {
2573                                 log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
2574                                 continue;
2575                         }
2576
2577                         if (pid == 0) {
2578                                 /* Child */
2579                                 execvp(args[0], (char**) args);
2580                                 log_error("Failed to execute man: %m");
2581                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
2582                         }
2583
2584                         wait_for_terminate(pid, NULL);
2585                 } else
2586                         log_info("Can't show: %s", *p);
2587         }
2588 }
2589
2590 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2591
2592         assert(name);
2593         assert(iter);
2594         assert(i);
2595
2596         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2597
2598         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2599                 const char *s;
2600
2601                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2602
2603                 if (!isempty(s)) {
2604                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
2605                                 i->id = s;
2606                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
2607                                 i->load_state = s;
2608                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
2609                                 i->active_state = s;
2610                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
2611                                 i->sub_state = s;
2612                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
2613                                 i->description = s;
2614                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
2615                                 i->fragment_path = s;
2616                         else if (streq(name, "SourcePath"))
2617                                 i->source_path = s;
2618                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
2619                                 i->default_control_group = s;
2620                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
2621                                 i->status_text = s;
2622                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
2623                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
2624                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
2625                                 i->where = s;
2626                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
2627                                 i->what = s;
2628                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
2629                                 i->following = s;
2630                         else if (streq(name, "UnitFileState"))
2631                                 i->unit_file_state = s;
2632                         else if (streq(name, "Result"))
2633                                 i->result = s;
2634                 }
2635
2636                 break;
2637         }
2638
2639         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2640                 dbus_bool_t b;
2641
2642                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2643
2644                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2645                         i->accept = b;
2646                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2647                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2648                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionResult"))
2649                         i->condition_result = b;
2650
2651                 break;
2652         }
2653
2654         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2655                 uint32_t u;
2656
2657                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2658
2659                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2660                         if (u > 0) {
2661                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2662                                 i->running = true;
2663                         }
2664                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2665                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2666                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2667                         if (u > 0)
2668                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2669                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2670                         i->n_accepted = u;
2671                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2672                         i->n_connections = u;
2673
2674                 break;
2675         }
2676
2677         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2678                 int32_t j;
2679
2680                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2681
2682                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2683                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2684                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2685                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2686
2687                 break;
2688         }
2689
2690         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2691                 uint64_t u;
2692
2693                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2694
2695                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2696                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2697                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2698                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2699                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2700                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2701                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2702                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2703                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2704                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2705                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic"))
2706                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp_monotonic = (usec_t) u;
2707                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2708                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2709                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionTimestamp"))
2710                         i->condition_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2711
2712                 break;
2713         }
2714
2715         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2716
2717                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2718                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2719                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2720
2721                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2722                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2723                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2724                                 int r;
2725
2726                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2727                                         return -ENOMEM;
2728
2729                                 if (!(info->name = strdup(name))) {
2730                                         free(info);
2731                                         return -ENOMEM;
2732                                 }
2733
2734                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2735                                         free(info);
2736                                         return r;
2737                                 }
2738
2739                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2740
2741                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2742                         }
2743
2744                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Listen")) {
2745                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2746
2747                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2748                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2749                                 const char *type, *path;
2750
2751                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2752
2753                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2754                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0) {
2755                                         int r;
2756
2757                                         r = strv_extend(&i->listen, type);
2758                                         if (r < 0)
2759                                                 return r;
2760                                         r = strv_extend(&i->listen, path);
2761                                         if (r < 0)
2762                                                 return r;
2763                                 }
2764
2765                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2766                         }
2767
2768                         return 0;
2769
2770                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING &&
2771                            streq(name, "Documentation")) {
2772
2773                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2774
2775                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2776                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2777                                 const char *s;
2778                                 int r;
2779
2780                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2781
2782                                 r = strv_extend(&i->documentation, s);
2783                                 if (r < 0)
2784                                         return r;
2785
2786                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2787                         }
2788                 }
2789
2790                 break;
2791         }
2792
2793         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2794
2795                 if (streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2796                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2797                         const char *n, *message;
2798                         int r;
2799
2800                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2801
2802                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n, true);
2803                         if (r < 0)
2804                                 return r;
2805
2806                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &message, false);
2807                         if (r < 0)
2808                                 return r;
2809
2810                         if (!isempty(message))
2811                                 i->load_error = message;
2812                 }
2813
2814                 break;
2815         }
2816         }
2817
2818         return 0;
2819 }
2820
2821 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2822         assert(name);
2823         assert(iter);
2824
2825         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2826          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2827
2828         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2829                 return 0;
2830
2831         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2832
2833         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2834                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2835                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2836
2837                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2838                         uint32_t u;
2839
2840                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2841
2842                         if (u)
2843                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2844                         else if (arg_all)
2845                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2846
2847                         return 0;
2848                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2849                         const char *s;
2850
2851                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2852
2853                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2854                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2855
2856                         return 0;
2857                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "LoadError")) {
2858                         const char *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
2859
2860                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &a, true) >= 0)
2861                                 bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &b, false);
2862
2863                         if (arg_all || !isempty(a) || !isempty(b))
2864                                 printf("%s=%s \"%s\"\n", name, strempty(a), strempty(b));
2865
2866                         return 0;
2867                 }
2868
2869                 break;
2870         }
2871
2872         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2873
2874                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "EnvironmentFiles")) {
2875                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2876
2877                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2878                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2879                                 const char *path;
2880                                 dbus_bool_t ignore;
2881
2882                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2883
2884                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) >= 0 &&
2885                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, false) >= 0)
2886                                         printf("EnvironmentFile=%s (ignore_errors=%s)\n", path, yes_no(ignore));
2887
2888                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2889                         }
2890
2891                         return 0;
2892
2893                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2894                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2895
2896                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2897
2898                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2899                                 const char *type, *path;
2900
2901                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2902
2903                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2904                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2905                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2906
2907                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2908                         }
2909
2910                         return 0;
2911
2912                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Listen")) {
2913                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2914
2915                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2916                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2917                                 const char *type, *path;
2918
2919                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2920
2921                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2922                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2923                                         printf("Listen%s=%s\n", type, path);
2924
2925                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2926                         }
2927
2928                         return 0;
2929
2930                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2931                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2932
2933                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2934                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2935                                 const char *base;
2936                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2937
2938                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2939
2940                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2941                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2942                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2943                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2944
2945                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2946                                                base,
2947                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2948                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2949                                 }
2950
2951                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2952                         }
2953
2954                         return 0;
2955
2956                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "ControlGroupAttributes")) {
2957                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2958
2959                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2960                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2961                                 const char *controller, *attr, *value;
2962
2963                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2964
2965                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &controller, true) >= 0 &&
2966                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &attr, true) >= 0 &&
2967                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &value, false) >= 0) {
2968
2969                                         printf("ControlGroupAttributes={ controller=%s ; attribute=%s ; value=\"%s\" }\n",
2970                                                controller,
2971                                                attr,
2972                                                value);
2973                                 }
2974
2975                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2976                         }
2977
2978                         return 0;
2979
2980                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2981                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2982
2983                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2984                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2985                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2986
2987                                 zero(info);
2988                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2989                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2990                                         char _cleanup_free_ *t;
2991
2992                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2993
2994                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore_errors=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2995                                                name,
2996                                                strna(info.path),
2997                                                strna(t),
2998                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2999                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
3000                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
3001                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
3002                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
3003                                                info.status,
3004                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
3005                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
3006                                 }
3007
3008                                 free(info.path);
3009                                 strv_free(info.argv);
3010
3011                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
3012                         }
3013
3014                         return 0;
3015                 }
3016
3017                 break;
3018         }
3019
3020         if (generic_print_property(name, iter, arg_all) > 0)
3021                 return 0;
3022
3023         if (arg_all)
3024                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
3025
3026         return 0;
3027 }
3028
3029 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
3030         DBusMessage _cleanup_free_ *reply = NULL;
3031         const char *interface = "";
3032         int r;
3033         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
3034         UnitStatusInfo info;
3035         ExecStatusInfo *p;
3036
3037         assert(path);
3038         assert(new_line);
3039
3040         zero(info);
3041
3042         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
3043                         bus,
3044                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3045                         path,
3046                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3047                         "GetAll",
3048                         &reply,
3049                         NULL,
3050                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3051                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3052         if (r < 0)
3053                 return r;
3054
3055         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3056             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3057             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
3058                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3059                 return -EIO;
3060         }
3061
3062         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3063
3064         if (*new_line)
3065                 printf("\n");
3066
3067         *new_line = true;
3068
3069         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3070                 const char *name;
3071
3072                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY);
3073                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3074
3075                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
3076                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT) {
3077                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3078                         return -EIO;
3079                 }
3080
3081                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
3082
3083                 if (show_properties)
3084                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
3085                 else
3086                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
3087                 if (r < 0) {
3088                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3089                         return -EIO;
3090                 }
3091
3092                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
3093         }
3094
3095         r = 0;
3096
3097         if (!show_properties) {
3098                 if (streq(verb, "help"))
3099                         show_unit_help(&info);
3100                 else
3101                         print_status_info(&info);
3102         }
3103
3104         strv_free(info.documentation);
3105         strv_free(info.listen);
3106
3107         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
3108             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
3109             streq(verb, "status"))
3110                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
3111                 r = 3;
3112
3113         while ((p = info.exec)) {
3114                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
3115                 exec_status_info_free(p);
3116         }
3117
3118         return r;
3119 }
3120
3121 static int show_one_by_pid(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, uint32_t pid, bool *new_line) {
3122         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3123         const char *path = NULL;
3124         DBusError _cleanup_dbus_error_free_ error;
3125         int r;
3126
3127         dbus_error_init(&error);
3128
3129         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
3130                         bus,
3131                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3132                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3133                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3134                         "GetUnitByPID",
3135                         &reply,
3136                         NULL,
3137                         DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid,
3138                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3139         if (r < 0)
3140                 return r;
3141
3142         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3143                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3144                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3145                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3146                 return -EIO;
3147         }
3148
3149         r = show_one(verb, bus, path, false, new_line);
3150         return r;
3151 }
3152
3153 static int show_all(const char* verb, DBusConnection *bus, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
3154         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3155         _cleanup_free_ struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
3156         unsigned c = 0;
3157         const struct unit_info *u;
3158         int r;
3159
3160         r = get_unit_list(bus, &reply, &unit_infos, &c);
3161         if (r < 0)
3162                 return r;
3163
3164         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
3165                 char _cleanup_free_ *p = NULL;
3166
3167                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
3168                         continue;
3169
3170                 p = unit_dbus_path_from_name(u->id);
3171                 if (!p)
3172                         return log_oom();
3173
3174                 printf("%s -> '%s'\n", u->id, p);
3175
3176                 r = show_one(verb, bus, p, show_properties, new_line);
3177                 if (r != 0)
3178                         return r;
3179         }
3180
3181         return 0;
3182 }
3183
3184 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3185         int r, ret = 0;
3186         bool show_properties, show_status, new_line = false;
3187         char **name;
3188
3189         assert(bus);
3190         assert(args);
3191
3192         show_properties = streq(args[0], "show");
3193         show_status = streq(args[0], "status");
3194
3195         if (show_properties)
3196                 pager_open_if_enabled();
3197
3198         /* If no argument is specified inspect the manager itself */
3199
3200         if (show_properties && strv_length(args) <= 1)
3201                 return show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
3202
3203         if (show_status && strv_length(args) <= 1)
3204                 return show_all(args[0], bus, false, &new_line);
3205
3206         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3207                 uint32_t id;
3208
3209                 if (safe_atou32(*name, &id) < 0) {
3210                         _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *n = NULL;
3211                         /* Interpret as unit name */
3212
3213                         n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
3214                         if (!n)
3215                                 return log_oom();
3216
3217                         p = unit_dbus_path_from_name(n);
3218                         if (!p)
3219                                 return log_oom();
3220
3221                         r = show_one(args[0], bus, p, show_properties, &new_line);
3222                         if (r != 0)
3223                                 ret = r;
3224
3225                 } else if (show_properties) {
3226                         _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
3227
3228                         /* Interpret as job id */
3229                         if (asprintf(&p, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/%u", id) < 0)
3230                                 return log_oom();
3231
3232                         r = show_one(args[0], bus, p, show_properties, &new_line);
3233                         if (r != 0)
3234                                 ret = r;
3235
3236                 } else {
3237                         /* Interpret as PID */
3238                         r = show_one_by_pid(args[0], bus, id, &new_line);
3239                         if (r != 0)
3240                                 ret = r;
3241                 }
3242         }
3243
3244         return ret;
3245 }
3246
3247 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3248         _cleanup_free_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3249         DBusError error;
3250         int r;
3251         const char *text;
3252
3253         dbus_error_init(&error);
3254
3255         pager_open_if_enabled();
3256
3257         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
3258                         bus,
3259                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3260                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3261                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3262                         "Dump",
3263                         &reply,
3264                         NULL,
3265                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3266         if (r < 0)
3267                 return r;
3268
3269         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3270                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
3271                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3272                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3273                 dbus_error_free(&error);
3274                 return  -EIO;
3275         }
3276
3277         fputs(text, stdout);
3278         return 0;
3279 }
3280
3281 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3282         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3283         DBusError error;
3284         int r;
3285         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
3286         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3287         const char
3288                 *path, *id,
3289                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
3290                 *property = "Id";
3291         _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
3292
3293         dbus_error_init(&error);
3294
3295         if (strv_length(args) > 1)
3296                 n = snapshot_name_mangle(args[1]);
3297         else
3298                 n = strdup("");
3299         if (!n)
3300                 return log_oom();
3301
3302         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3303                         bus,
3304                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3305                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3306                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3307                         "CreateSnapshot",
3308                         &reply,
3309                         NULL,
3310                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
3311                         DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
3312                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3313         if (r < 0)
3314                 return r;
3315
3316         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3317                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3318                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3319                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3320                 dbus_error_free(&error);
3321                 return -EIO;
3322         }
3323
3324         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3325         reply = NULL;
3326
3327         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
3328                         bus,
3329                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3330                         path,
3331                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3332                         "Get",
3333                         &reply,
3334                         NULL,
3335                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3336                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3337                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3338         if (r < 0)
3339                 return r;
3340
3341         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3342             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3343                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3344                 return -EIO;
3345         }
3346
3347         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3348
3349         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3350                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3351                 return -EIO;
3352         }
3353
3354         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3355
3356         if (!arg_quiet)
3357                 puts(id);
3358
3359         return 0;
3360 }
3361
3362 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3363         char **name;
3364
3365         assert(args);
3366
3367         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3368                 _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
3369                 int r;
3370
3371                 n = snapshot_name_mangle(*name);
3372                 if (!n)
3373                         return log_oom();
3374
3375                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
3376                                 bus,
3377                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3378                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3379                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3380                                 "RemoveSnapshot",
3381                                 NULL,
3382                                 NULL,
3383                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
3384                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3385                 if (r < 0)
3386                         return r;
3387         }
3388
3389         return 0;
3390 }
3391
3392 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3393         int r;
3394         const char *method;
3395         DBusError error;
3396
3397         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3398                 method = "Reload";
3399         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3400                 method = "Reexecute";
3401         else {
3402                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3403
3404                 method =
3405                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3406                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3407                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3408                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3409                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3410                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3411                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3412                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3413                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3414                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3415         }
3416
3417         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
3418                         bus,
3419                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3420                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3421                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3422                         method,
3423                         NULL,
3424                         &error,
3425                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3426
3427         if (r == -ENOENT && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL)
3428                 /* There's always a fallback possible for
3429                  * legacy actions. */
3430                 r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3431         else if (r == -ETIMEDOUT && streq(method, "Reexecute"))
3432                 /* On reexecution, we expect a disconnect, not
3433                  * a reply */
3434                 r = 0;
3435         else if (r < 0)
3436                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3437
3438         dbus_error_free(&error);
3439         return r;
3440 }
3441
3442 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3443         int r = 0;
3444         char **name;
3445
3446         if (strv_length(args) <= 1)
3447                 return daemon_reload(bus, args);
3448
3449         STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
3450                 _cleanup_free_ char *n;
3451
3452                 n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
3453                 if (!n)
3454                         return log_oom();
3455
3456                 r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
3457                                 bus,
3458                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3459                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3460                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3461                                 "ResetFailedUnit",
3462                                 NULL,
3463                                 NULL,
3464                                 DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
3465                                 DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3466                 if (r < 0)
3467                         return r;
3468         }
3469
3470         return 0;
3471 }
3472
3473 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3474         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *reply = NULL;
3475         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3476         int r;
3477         const char
3478                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3479                 *property = "Environment";
3480
3481         pager_open_if_enabled();
3482
3483         r = bus_method_call_with_reply(
3484                         bus,
3485                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3486                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3487                         "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3488                         "Get",
3489                         &reply,
3490                         NULL,
3491                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3492                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3493                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3494         if (r < 0)
3495                 return r;
3496
3497         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3498             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3499                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3500                 return -EIO;
3501         }
3502
3503         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3504
3505         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3506             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3507                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3508                 return -EIO;
3509         }
3510
3511         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3512
3513         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3514                 const char *text;
3515
3516                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3517                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3518                         return -EIO;
3519                 }
3520
3521                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3522                 puts(text);
3523
3524                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3525         }
3526
3527         return 0;
3528 }
3529
3530 static int switch_root(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3531         unsigned l;
3532         const char *root;
3533         _cleanup_free_ char *init = NULL;
3534
3535         l = strv_length(args);
3536         if (l < 2 || l > 3) {
3537                 log_error("Wrong number of arguments.");
3538                 return -EINVAL;
3539         }
3540
3541         root = args[1];
3542
3543         if (l >= 3)
3544                 init = strdup(args[2]);
3545         else {
3546                 parse_env_file("/proc/cmdline", WHITESPACE,
3547                                "init", &init,
3548                                NULL);
3549
3550                 if (!init)
3551                         init = strdup("");
3552         }
3553         if (!init)
3554                 return log_oom();
3555
3556         log_debug("switching root - root: %s; init: %s", root, init);
3557
3558         return bus_method_call_with_reply(
3559                         bus,
3560                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3561                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3562                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3563                         "SwitchRoot",
3564                         NULL,
3565                         NULL,
3566                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &root,
3567                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &init,
3568                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
3569 }
3570
3571 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3572         _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3573         DBusError error;
3574         const char *method;
3575         DBusMessageIter iter;
3576         int r;
3577
3578         assert(bus);
3579         assert(args);
3580
3581         dbus_error_init(&error);
3582
3583         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3584                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3585                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3586
3587         m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3588                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3589                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3590                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3591                         method);
3592         if (!m)
3593                 return log_oom();
3594
3595         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3596
3597         r = bus_append_strv_iter(&iter, args + 1);
3598         if (r < 0)
3599                 return log_oom();
3600
3601         reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
3602         if (!reply) {
3603                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3604                 dbus_error_free(&error);
3605                 return -EIO;
3606         }
3607
3608         return 0;
3609 }
3610
3611 static int enable_sysv_units(char **args) {
3612         int r = 0;
3613
3614 #if defined(HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT) && defined(HAVE_CHKCONFIG)
3615         const char *verb = args[0];
3616         unsigned f = 1, t = 1;
3617         LookupPaths paths;
3618
3619         if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM)
3620                 return 0;
3621
3622         if (!streq(verb, "enable") &&
3623             !streq(verb, "disable") &&
3624             !streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3625                 return 0;
3626
3627         /* Processes all SysV units, and reshuffles the array so that
3628          * afterwards only the native units remain */
3629
3630         zero(paths);
3631         r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, SYSTEMD_SYSTEM, false, NULL, NULL, NULL);
3632         if (r < 0)
3633                 return r;
3634
3635         r = 0;
3636         for (f = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3637                 const char *name;
3638                 char *p;
3639                 bool found_native = false, found_sysv;
3640                 unsigned c = 1;
3641                 const char *argv[6] = { "/sbin/chkconfig", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
3642                 char **k, *l, *q = NULL;
3643                 int j;
3644                 pid_t pid;
3645                 siginfo_t status;
3646
3647                 name = args[f];
3648
3649                 if (!endswith(name, ".service"))
3650                         continue;
3651
3652                 if (path_is_absolute(name))
3653                         continue;
3654
3655                 STRV_FOREACH(k, paths.unit_path) {
3656                         p = NULL;
3657
3658                         if (!isempty(arg_root))
3659                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s/%s", arg_root, *k, name);
3660                         else
3661                                 asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", *k, name);
3662
3663                         if (!p) {
3664                                 r = log_oom();
3665                                 goto finish;
3666                         }
3667
3668                         found_native = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3669                         free(p);
3670
3671                         if (found_native)
3672                                 break;
3673                 }
3674
3675                 if (found_native)
3676                         continue;
3677
3678                 p = NULL;
3679                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3680                         asprintf(&p, "%s/" SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", arg_root, name);
3681                 else
3682                         asprintf(&p, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", name);
3683                 if (!p) {
3684                         r = log_oom();
3685                         goto finish;
3686                 }
3687
3688                 p[strlen(p) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
3689                 found_sysv = access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
3690
3691                 if (!found_sysv) {
3692                         free(p);
3693                         continue;
3694                 }
3695
3696                 /* Mark this entry, so that we don't try enabling it as native unit */
3697                 args[f] = (char*) "";
3698
3699                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", name);
3700
3701                 if (!isempty(arg_root))
3702                         argv[c++] = q = strappend("--root=", arg_root);
3703
3704                 argv[c++] = path_get_file_name(p);
3705                 argv[c++] =
3706                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
3707                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : "--level=5";
3708                 argv[c] = NULL;
3709
3710                 l = strv_join((char**)argv, " ");
3711                 if (!l) {
3712                         free(q);
3713                         free(p);
3714                         r = log_oom();
3715                         goto finish;
3716                 }
3717
3718                 log_info("Executing %s", l);
3719                 free(l);
3720
3721                 pid = fork();
3722                 if (pid < 0) {
3723                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
3724                         free(p);
3725                         free(q);
3726                         r = -errno;
3727                         goto finish;
3728                 } else if (pid == 0) {
3729                         /* Child */
3730
3731                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
3732                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
3733                 }
3734
3735                 free(p);
3736                 free(q);
3737
3738                 j = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
3739                 if (j < 0) {
3740                         log_error("Failed to wait for child: %s", strerror(-r));
3741                         r = j;
3742                         goto finish;
3743                 }
3744
3745                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
3746                         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3747                                 if (status.si_status == 0) {
3748                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3749                                                 puts("enabled");
3750                                         r = 1;
3751                                 } else {
3752                                         if (!arg_quiet)
3753                                                 puts("disabled");
3754                                 }
3755
3756                         } else if (status.si_status != 0) {
3757                                 r = -EINVAL;
3758                                 goto finish;
3759                         }
3760                 } else {
3761                         r = -EPROTO;
3762                         goto finish;
3763                 }
3764         }
3765
3766 finish:
3767         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3768
3769         /* Drop all SysV units */
3770         for (f = 1, t = 1; args[f]; f++) {
3771
3772                 if (isempty(args[f]))
3773                         continue;
3774
3775                 args[t++] = args[f];
3776         }
3777
3778         args[t] = NULL;
3779
3780 #endif
3781         return r;
3782 }
3783
3784 static int mangle_names(char **original_names, char ***mangled_names) {
3785         char **i, **l, **name;
3786
3787         l = new(char*, strv_length(original_names) + 1);
3788         if (!l)
3789                 return log_oom();
3790
3791         i = l;
3792         STRV_FOREACH(name, original_names) {
3793
3794                 /* When enabling units qualified path names are OK,
3795                  * too, hence allow them explicitly. */
3796
3797                 if (is_path(*name))
3798                         *i = strdup(*name);
3799                 else
3800                         *i = unit_name_mangle(*name);
3801
3802                 if (!*i) {
3803                         strv_free(l);
3804                         return log_oom();
3805                 }
3806
3807                 i++;
3808         }
3809
3810         *i = NULL;
3811         *mangled_names = l;
3812
3813         return 0;
3814 }
3815
3816 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
3817         const char *verb = args[0];
3818         UnitFileChange *changes = NULL;
3819         unsigned n_changes = 0, i;
3820         int carries_install_info = -1;
3821         DBusMessage _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3822         int r;
3823         DBusError _cleanup_dbus_error_free_ error;
3824         char _cleanup_strv_free_ **mangled_names = NULL;
3825
3826         dbus_error_init(&error);
3827
3828         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
3829         if (r < 0)
3830                 return r;
3831
3832         if (!args[1])
3833                 return 0;
3834
3835         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
3836                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3837                         r = unit_file_enable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3838                         carries_install_info = r;
3839                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3840                         r = unit_file_disable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3841                 else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3842                         r = unit_file_reenable(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3843                         carries_install_info = r;
3844                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3845                         r = unit_file_link(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3846                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3847                         r = unit_file_preset(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3848                         carries_install_info = r;
3849                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3850                         r = unit_file_mask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, arg_force, &changes, &n_changes);
3851                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask"))
3852                         r = unit_file_unmask(arg_scope, arg_runtime, arg_root, args+1, &changes, &n_changes);
3853                 else
3854                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3855
3856                 if (r < 0) {
3857                         log_error("Operation failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3858                         goto finish;
3859                 }
3860
3861                 if (!arg_quiet) {
3862                         for (i = 0; i < n_changes; i++) {
3863                                 if (changes[i].type == UNIT_FILE_SYMLINK)
3864                                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", changes[i].source, changes[i].path);
3865                                 else
3866                                         log_info("rm '%s'", changes[i].path);
3867                         }
3868                 }
3869
3870                 r = 0;
3871         } else {
3872                 const char *method;
3873                 bool send_force = true, expect_carries_install_info = false;
3874                 dbus_bool_t a, b;
3875                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3876
3877                 if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3878                         method = "EnableUnitFiles";
3879                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3880                 } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3881                         method = "DisableUnitFiles";
3882                         send_force = false;
3883                 } else if (streq(verb, "reenable")) {
3884                         method = "ReenableUnitFiles";
3885                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3886                 } else if (streq(verb, "link"))
3887                         method = "LinkUnitFiles";
3888                 else if (streq(verb, "preset")) {
3889                         method = "PresetUnitFiles";
3890                         expect_carries_install_info = true;
3891                 } else if (streq(verb, "mask"))
3892                         method = "MaskUnitFiles";
3893                 else if (streq(verb, "unmask")) {
3894                         method = "UnmaskUnitFiles";
3895                         send_force = false;
3896                 } else
3897                         assert_not_reached("Unknown verb");
3898
3899                 m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3900                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3901                                 "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3902                                 "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3903                                 method);
3904                 if (!m) {
3905                         r = log_oom();
3906                         goto finish;
3907                 }
3908
3909                 dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3910
3911                 r = mangle_names(args+1, &mangled_names);
3912                 if(r < 0)
3913                         goto finish;
3914
3915                 r = bus_append_strv_iter(&iter, mangled_names);
3916                 if (r < 0) {
3917                         log_error("Failed to append unit files.");
3918                         goto finish;
3919                 }
3920
3921                 a = arg_runtime;
3922                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &a)) {
3923                         log_error("Failed to append runtime boolean.");
3924                         r = -ENOMEM;
3925                         goto finish;
3926                 }
3927
3928                 if (send_force) {
3929                         b = arg_force;
3930
3931                         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b)) {
3932                                 log_error("Failed to append force boolean.");
3933                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3934                                 goto finish;
3935                         }
3936                 }
3937
3938                 reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error);
3939                 if (!reply) {
3940                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3941                         r = -EIO;
3942                         goto finish;
3943                 }
3944
3945                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter)) {
3946                         log_error("Failed to initialize iterator.");
3947                         goto finish;
3948                 }
3949
3950                 if (expect_carries_install_info) {
3951                         r = bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b, true);
3952                         if (r < 0) {
3953                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3954                                 goto finish;
3955                         }
3956
3957                         carries_install_info = b;
3958                 }
3959
3960                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3961                     dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
3962                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3963                         r = -EIO;
3964                         goto finish;
3965                 }
3966
3967                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3968                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3969                         const char *type, *path, *source;
3970
3971                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
3972                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3973                                 r = -EIO;
3974                                 goto finish;
3975                         }
3976
3977                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3978
3979                         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
3980                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0 ||
3981                             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &source, false) < 0) {
3982                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3983                                 r = -EIO;
3984                                 goto finish;
3985                         }
3986
3987                         if (!arg_quiet) {
3988                                 if (streq(type, "symlink"))
3989                                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", source, path);
3990                                 else
3991                                         log_info("rm '%s'", path);
3992                         }
3993
3994                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
3995                 }
3996
3997                 /* Try to reload if enabeld */
3998                 if (!arg_no_reload)
3999                         r = daemon_reload(bus, args);
4000         }
4001
4002         if (carries_install_info == 0)
4003                 log_warning("The unit files have no [Install] section. They are not meant to be enabled\n"
4004                             "using systemctl.\n"
4005                             "Possible reasons for having this kind of units are:\n"
4006                             "1) A unit may be statically enabled by being symlinked from another unit's\n"
4007                             "   .wants/ or .requires/ directory.\n"
4008                             "2) A unit's purpose may be to act as a helper for some other unit which has\n"
4009                             "   a requirement dependency on it.\n"
4010                             "3) A unit may be started when needed via activation (socket, path, timer,\n"
4011                             "   D-Bus, udev, scripted systemctl call, ...).\n");
4012
4013 finish:
4014         unit_file_changes_free(changes, n_changes);
4015
4016         return r;
4017 }
4018
4019 static int unit_is_enabled(DBusConnection *bus, char **args) {
4020         DBusError _cleanup_dbus_error_free_ error;
4021         int r;
4022         DBusMessage _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ *reply = NULL;
4023         bool enabled;
4024         char **name;
4025         char *n;
4026
4027         dbus_error_init(&error);
4028
4029         r = enable_sysv_units(args);
4030         if (r < 0)
4031                 return r;
4032
4033         enabled = r > 0;
4034
4035         if (!bus || avoid_bus()) {
4036
4037                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
4038                         UnitFileState state;
4039
4040                         n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
4041                         if (!n)
4042                                 return log_oom();
4043
4044                         state = unit_file_get_state(arg_scope, arg_root, n);
4045
4046                         free(n);
4047
4048                         if (state < 0)
4049                                 return state;
4050
4051                         if (state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED ||
4052                             state == UNIT_FILE_ENABLED_RUNTIME ||
4053                             state == UNIT_FILE_STATIC)
4054                                 enabled = true;
4055
4056                         if (!arg_quiet)
4057                                 puts(unit_file_state_to_string(state));
4058                 }
4059
4060         } else {
4061                 STRV_FOREACH(name, args+1) {
4062                         const char *s;
4063
4064                         n = unit_name_mangle(*name);
4065                         if (!n)
4066                                 return log_oom();
4067
4068                         r = bus_method_call_with_reply (
4069                                         bus,
4070                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
4071                                         "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
4072                                         "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
4073                                         "GetUnitFileState",
4074                                         &reply,
4075                                         NULL,
4076                                         DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &n,
4077                                         DBUS_TYPE_INVALID);
4078
4079                         free(n);
4080
4081                         if (r)
4082                                 return r;
4083
4084                         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
4085                                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &s,
4086                                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
4087                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4088                                 return -EIO;
4089                         }
4090
4091                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
4092                         reply = NULL;
4093
4094                         if (streq(s, "enabled") ||
4095                             streq(s, "enabled-runtime") ||
4096                             streq(s, "static"))
4097                                 enabled = true;
4098
4099                         if (!arg_quiet)
4100                                 puts(s);
4101                 }
4102         }
4103
4104         return enabled ? 0 : 1;
4105 }
4106
4107 static int systemctl_help(void) {
4108
4109         pager_open_if_enabled();
4110
4111         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
4112                "Query or send control commands to the systemd manager.\n\n"
4113                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
4114                "     --version        Show package version\n"
4115                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
4116                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
4117                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
4118                "     --failed         Show only failed units\n"
4119                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
4120                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
4121                "                      pending\n"
4122                "     --ignore-dependencies\n"
4123                "                      When queueing a new job, ignore all its dependencies\n"
4124                "  -i --ignore-inhibitors\n"
4125                "                      When shutting down or sleeping, ignore inhibitors\n"
4126                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
4127                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
4128                "  -H --host=[USER@]HOST\n"
4129                "                      Show information for remote host\n"
4130                "  -P --privileged     Acquire privileges before execution\n"
4131                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
4132                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
4133                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4134                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
4135                "                      configuration\n"
4136                "     --no-legend      Do not print a legend (column headers and hints)\n"
4137                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
4138                "     --no-ask-password\n"
4139                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
4140                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
4141                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
4142                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
4143                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
4144                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
4145                "     --root=PATH      Enable unit files in the specified root directory\n"
4146                "     --runtime        Enable unit files only temporarily until next reboot\n"
4147                "  -n --lines=INTEGER  Journal entries to show\n"
4148                "  -o --output=STRING  Change journal output mode (short, short-monotonic,\n"
4149                "                      verbose, export, json, json-pretty, json-sse, cat)\n\n"
4150                "Unit Commands:\n"
4151                "  list-units                      List loaded units\n"
4152                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
4153                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
4154                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
4155                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
4156                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
4157                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units if possible,\n"
4158                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
4159                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units if possible,\n"
4160                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
4161                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
4162                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
4163                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
4164                "  is-failed [NAME...]             Check whether units are failed\n"
4165                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
4166                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
4167                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
4168                "  help [NAME...|PID...]           Show manual for one or more units\n"
4169                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
4170                "                                  units\n"
4171                "  get-cgroup-attr [NAME] [ATTR] ...\n"
4172                "                                  Get control group attrubute\n"
4173                "  set-cgroup-attr [NAME] [ATTR] [VALUE] ...\n"
4174                "                                  Set control group attribute\n"
4175                "  unset-cgroup-attr [NAME] [ATTR...]\n"
4176                "                                  Unset control group attribute\n"
4177                "  set-cgroup [NAME] [CGROUP...]   Add unit to a control group\n"
4178                "  unset-cgroup [NAME] [CGROUP...] Remove unit from a control group\n"
4179                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
4180                "  list-dependencies [NAME]        Recursively show units which are required\n"
4181                "                                  or wanted by this unit\n\n"
4182                "Unit File Commands:\n"
4183                "  list-unit-files                 List installed unit files\n"
4184                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
4185                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
4186                "  reenable [NAME...]              Reenable one or more unit files\n"
4187                "  preset [NAME...]                Enable/disable one or more unit files\n"
4188                "                                  based on preset configuration\n"
4189                "  mask [NAME...]                  Mask one or more units\n"
4190                "  unmask [NAME...]                Unmask one or more units\n"
4191                "  link [PATH...]                  Link one or more units files into\n"
4192                "                                  the search path\n"
4193                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n\n"
4194                "Job Commands:\n"
4195                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
4196                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n\n"
4197                "Status Commands:\n"
4198                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
4199                "Snapshot Commands:\n"
4200                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
4201                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n\n"
4202                "Environment Commands:\n"
4203                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
4204                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
4205                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n\n"
4206                "Manager Lifecycle Commands:\n"
4207                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
4208                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n\n"
4209                "System Commands:\n"
4210                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
4211                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
4212                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
4213                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
4214                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
4215                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
4216                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
4217                "  exit                            Request user instance exit\n"
4218                "  switch-root [ROOT] [INIT]       Change to a different root file system\n"
4219                "  suspend                         Suspend the system\n"
4220                "  hibernate                       Hibernate the system\n"
4221                "  hybrid-sleep                    Hibernate and suspend the system\n",
4222                program_invocation_short_name);
4223
4224         return 0;
4225 }
4226
4227 static int halt_help(void) {
4228
4229         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4230                "%s the system.\n\n"
4231                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4232                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4233                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4234                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4235                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4236                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4237                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4238                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4239                program_invocation_short_name,
4240                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4241                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4242                                                "Halt");
4243
4244         return 0;
4245 }
4246
4247 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4248
4249         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4250                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4251                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4252                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4253                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4254                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4255                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overridden by --halt\n"
4256                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4257                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4258                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4259                program_invocation_short_name);
4260
4261         return 0;
4262 }
4263
4264 static int telinit_help(void) {
4265
4266         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4267                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4268                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4269                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4270                "Commands:\n"
4271                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4272                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4273                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4274                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4275                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4276                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4277                program_invocation_short_name);
4278
4279         return 0;
4280 }
4281
4282 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4283
4284         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4285                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4286                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4287                program_invocation_short_name);
4288
4289         return 0;
4290 }
4291
4292 static int help_types(void) {
4293         int i;
4294         const char *t;
4295
4296         puts("Available unit types:");
4297         for(i = 0; i < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; i++) {
4298                 t = unit_type_to_string(i);
4299                 if (t)
4300                         puts(t);
4301         }
4302
4303         puts("\nAvailable unit load states: ");
4304         for(i = 0; i < _UNIT_LOAD_STATE_MAX; i++) {
4305                 t = unit_load_state_to_string(i);
4306                 if (t)
4307                         puts(t);
4308         }
4309
4310         return 0;
4311 }
4312
4313 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4314
4315         enum {
4316                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4317                 ARG_IRREVERSIBLE,
4318                 ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,
4319                 ARG_VERSION,
4320                 ARG_USER,
4321                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4322                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4323                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4324                 ARG_NO_LEGEND,
4325                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4326                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4327                 ARG_ROOT,
4328                 ARG_FULL,
4329                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4330                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4331                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
4332                 ARG_FAILED,
4333                 ARG_RUNTIME,
4334                 ARG_FORCE
4335         };
4336
4337         static const struct option options[] = {
4338                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4339                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4340                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4341                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4342                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4343                 { "failed",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED    },
4344                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4345                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4346                 { "irreversible", no_argument,    NULL, ARG_IRREVERSIBLE },
4347                 { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument, NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES },
4348                 { "ignore-inhibitors", no_argument, NULL, 'i'         },
4349                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4350                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4351                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4352                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4353                 { "no-legend", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_LEGEND },
4354                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4355                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4356                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4357                 { "root",      required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT      },
4358                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
4359                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4360                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4361                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4362                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4363                 { "host",      required_argument, NULL, 'H'           },
4364                 { "privileged",no_argument,       NULL, 'P'           },
4365                 { "runtime",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_RUNTIME   },
4366                 { "lines",     required_argument, NULL, 'n'           },
4367                 { "output",    required_argument, NULL, 'o'           },
4368                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4369         };
4370
4371         int c;
4372
4373         assert(argc >= 0);
4374         assert(argv);
4375
4376         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:H:Pn:o:i", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4377
4378                 switch (c) {
4379
4380                 case 'h':
4381                         systemctl_help();
4382                         return 0;
4383
4384                 case ARG_VERSION:
4385                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4386                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4387                         return 0;
4388
4389                 case 't':
4390                         if (streq(optarg, "help")) {
4391                                 help_types();
4392                                 return 0;
4393                         }
4394
4395                         if (unit_type_from_string(optarg) >= 0) {
4396                                 arg_type = optarg;
4397                                 break;
4398                         }
4399                         if (unit_load_state_from_string(optarg) >= 0) {
4400                                 arg_load_state = optarg;
4401                                 break;
4402                         }
4403                         log_error("Unkown unit type or load state '%s'.",
4404                                   optarg);
4405                         log_info("Use -t help to see a list of allowed values.");
4406                         return -EINVAL;
4407                 case 'p': {
4408                         char *word, *state;
4409                         size_t size;
4410                         /* Make sure that if the empty property list
4411                            was specified, we won't show any properties. */
4412                         const char *source = isempty(optarg) ? " " : optarg;
4413
4414                         FOREACH_WORD_SEPARATOR(word, size, source, ",", state) {
4415                                 char _cleanup_free_ *prop;
4416                                 char **tmp;
4417
4418                                 prop = strndup(word, size);
4419                                 if (!prop)
4420                                         return -ENOMEM;
4421
4422                                 tmp = strv_append(arg_property, prop);
4423                                 if (!tmp)
4424                                         return -ENOMEM;
4425
4426                                 strv_free(arg_property);
4427                                 arg_property = tmp;
4428                         }
4429
4430                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4431                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4432                          * empty. */
4433                         arg_all = true;
4434
4435                         break;
4436                 }
4437
4438                 case 'a':
4439                         arg_all = true;
4440                         break;
4441
4442                 case ARG_FAIL:
4443                         arg_job_mode = "fail";
4444                         break;
4445
4446                 case ARG_IRREVERSIBLE:
4447                         arg_job_mode = "replace-irreversibly";
4448                         break;
4449
4450                 case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
4451                         arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
4452                         break;
4453
4454                 case ARG_USER:
4455                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_USER;
4456                         break;
4457
4458                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4459                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
4460                         break;
4461
4462                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4463                         arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL;
4464                         break;
4465
4466                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4467                         arg_no_block = true;
4468                         break;
4469
4470                 case ARG_NO_LEGEND:
4471                         arg_no_legend = true;
4472                         break;
4473
4474                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4475                         arg_no_pager = true;
4476                         break;
4477
4478                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4479                         arg_no_wall = true;
4480                         break;
4481
4482                 case ARG_ROOT:
4483                         arg_root = optarg;
4484                         break;
4485
4486                 case ARG_FULL:
4487                         arg_full = true;
4488                         break;
4489
4490                 case ARG_FAILED:
4491                         arg_failed = true;
4492                         break;
4493
4494                 case 'q':
4495                         arg_quiet = true;
4496                         break;
4497
4498                 case ARG_FORCE:
4499                         arg_force ++;
4500                         break;
4501
4502                 case 'f':
4503                         arg_force ++;
4504                         break;
4505
4506                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4507                         arg_no_reload = true;
4508                         break;
4509
4510                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4511                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4512                         break;
4513
4514                 case 's':
4515                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4516                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4517                                 return -EINVAL;
4518                         }
4519                         break;
4520
4521                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4522                         arg_ask_password = false;
4523                         break;
4524
4525                 case 'P':
4526                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_POLKIT;
4527                         break;
4528
4529                 case 'H':
4530                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_SSH;
4531                         arg_host = optarg;
4532                         break;
4533
4534                 case ARG_RUNTIME:
4535                         arg_runtime = true;
4536                         break;
4537
4538                 case 'n':
4539                         if (safe_atou(optarg, &arg_lines) < 0) {
4540                                 log_error("Failed to parse lines '%s'", optarg);
4541                                 return -EINVAL;
4542                         }
4543                         break;
4544
4545                 case 'o':
4546                         arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg);
4547                         if (arg_output < 0) {
4548                                 log_error("Unknown output '%s'.", optarg);
4549                                 return -EINVAL;
4550                         }
4551                         break;
4552
4553                 case 'i':
4554                         arg_ignore_inhibitors = true;
4555                         break;
4556
4557                 case '?':
4558                         return -EINVAL;
4559
4560                 default:
4561                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4562                         return -EINVAL;
4563                 }
4564         }
4565
4566         if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_NORMAL && arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM) {
4567                 log_error("Cannot access user instance remotely.");
4568                 return -EINVAL;
4569         }
4570
4571         return 1;
4572 }
4573
4574 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4575
4576         enum {
4577                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4578                 ARG_HALT,
4579                 ARG_REBOOT,
4580                 ARG_NO_WALL
4581         };
4582
4583         static const struct option options[] = {
4584                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4585                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4586                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4587                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4588                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4589                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4590                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4591                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4592                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4593         };
4594
4595         int c, runlevel;
4596
4597         assert(argc >= 0);
4598         assert(argv);
4599
4600         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4601                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4602                         arg_force = 2;
4603
4604         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4605                 switch (c) {
4606
4607                 case ARG_HELP:
4608                         halt_help();
4609                         return 0;
4610
4611                 case ARG_HALT:
4612                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4613                         break;
4614
4615                 case 'p':
4616                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4617                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4618                         break;
4619
4620                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4621                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4622                         break;
4623
4624                 case 'f':
4625                         arg_force = 2;
4626                         break;
4627
4628                 case 'w':
4629                         arg_dry = true;
4630                         break;
4631
4632                 case 'd':
4633                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4634                         break;
4635
4636                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4637                         arg_no_wall = true;
4638                         break;
4639
4640                 case 'i':
4641                 case 'h':
4642                 case 'n':
4643                         /* Compatibility nops */
4644                         break;
4645
4646                 case '?':
4647                         return -EINVAL;
4648
4649                 default:
4650                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4651                         return -EINVAL;
4652                 }
4653         }
4654
4655         if (optind < argc) {
4656                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4657                 return -EINVAL;
4658         }
4659
4660         return 1;
4661 }
4662
4663 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4664         assert(t);
4665         assert(_u);
4666
4667         if (streq(t, "now"))
4668                 *_u = 0;
4669         else if (!strchr(t, ':')) {
4670                 uint64_t u;
4671
4672                 if (safe_atou64(t, &u) < 0)
4673                         return -EINVAL;
4674
4675                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4676         } else {
4677                 char *e = NULL;
4678                 long hour, minute;
4679                 struct tm tm;
4680                 time_t s;
4681                 usec_t n;
4682
4683                 errno = 0;
4684                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4685                 if (errno > 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4686                         return -EINVAL;
4687
4688                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4689                 if (errno > 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4690                         return -EINVAL;
4691
4692                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4693                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4694
4695                 zero(tm);
4696                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4697
4698                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4699                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4700                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4701
4702                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4703
4704                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4705
4706                 while (*_u <= n)
4707                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4708         }
4709
4710         return 0;
4711 }
4712
4713 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4714
4715         enum {
4716                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4717                 ARG_NO_WALL
4718         };
4719
4720         static const struct option options[] = {
4721                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4722                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4723                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4724                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4725                 { "kexec",     no_argument,       NULL, 'K'         }, /* not documented extension */
4726                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4727                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4728         };
4729
4730         int c, r;
4731
4732         assert(argc >= 0);
4733         assert(argv);
4734
4735         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4736                 switch (c) {
4737
4738                 case ARG_HELP:
4739                         shutdown_help();
4740                         return 0;
4741
4742                 case 'H':
4743                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4744                         break;
4745
4746                 case 'P':
4747                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4748                         break;
4749
4750                 case 'r':
4751                         if (kexec_loaded())
4752                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4753                         else
4754                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4755                         break;
4756
4757                 case 'K':
4758                         arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4759                         break;
4760
4761                 case 'h':
4762                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4763                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4764                         break;
4765
4766                 case 'k':
4767                         arg_dry = true;
4768                         break;
4769
4770                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4771                         arg_no_wall = true;
4772                         break;
4773
4774                 case 't':
4775                 case 'a':
4776                         /* Compatibility nops */
4777                         break;
4778
4779                 case 'c':
4780                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4781                         break;
4782
4783                 case '?':
4784                         return -EINVAL;
4785
4786                 default:
4787                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4788                         return -EINVAL;
4789                 }
4790         }
4791
4792         if (argc > optind && arg_action != ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN) {
4793                 r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when);
4794                 if (r < 0) {
4795                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4796                         return r;
4797                 }
4798         } else
4799                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4800
4801         if (argc > optind && arg_action == ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN)
4802                 /* No time argument for shutdown cancel */
4803                 arg_wall = argv + optind;
4804         else if (argc > optind + 1)
4805                 /* We skip the time argument */
4806                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4807
4808         optind = argc;
4809
4810         return 1;
4811 }
4812
4813 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4814
4815         enum {
4816                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4817                 ARG_NO_WALL
4818         };
4819
4820         static const struct option options[] = {
4821                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4822                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4823                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4824         };
4825
4826         static const struct {
4827                 char from;
4828                 enum action to;
4829         } table[] = {
4830                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4831                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4832                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4833                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4834                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4835                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4836                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4837                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4838                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4839                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4840                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4841                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4842                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4843         };
4844
4845         unsigned i;
4846         int c;
4847
4848         assert(argc >= 0);
4849         assert(argv);
4850
4851         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4852                 switch (c) {
4853
4854                 case ARG_HELP:
4855                         telinit_help();
4856                         return 0;
4857
4858                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4859                         arg_no_wall = true;
4860                         break;
4861
4862                 case '?':
4863                         return -EINVAL;
4864
4865                 default:
4866                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4867                         return -EINVAL;
4868                 }
4869         }
4870
4871         if (optind >= argc) {
4872                 telinit_help();
4873                 return -EINVAL;
4874         }
4875
4876         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4877                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4878                 return -EINVAL;
4879         }
4880
4881         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4882                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4883                 return -EINVAL;
4884         }
4885
4886         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4887                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4888                         break;
4889
4890         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4891                 log_error("Unknown command '%s'.", argv[optind]);
4892                 return -EINVAL;
4893         }
4894
4895         arg_action = table[i].to;
4896
4897         optind ++;
4898
4899         return 1;
4900 }
4901
4902 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4903
4904         enum {
4905                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4906         };
4907
4908         static const struct option options[] = {
4909                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4910                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4911         };
4912
4913         int c;
4914
4915         assert(argc >= 0);
4916         assert(argv);
4917
4918         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4919                 switch (c) {
4920
4921                 case ARG_HELP:
4922                         runlevel_help();
4923                         return 0;
4924
4925                 case '?':
4926                         return -EINVAL;
4927
4928                 default:
4929                         log_error("Unknown option code '%c'.", c);
4930                         return -EINVAL;
4931                 }
4932         }
4933
4934         if (optind < argc) {
4935                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4936                 return -EINVAL;
4937         }
4938
4939         return 1;
4940 }
4941
4942 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4943         assert(argc >= 0);
4944         assert(argv);
4945
4946         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4947
4948                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4949                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4950                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4951                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4952                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4953                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4954                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4955                         if (kexec_loaded())
4956                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4957                         else
4958                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4959                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4960                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4961                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4962                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4963                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4964
4965                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4966                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4967                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4968                         } else {
4969                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4970                                  * running, we need to forward this
4971                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4972                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4973
4974                                 execv(TELINIT, argv);
4975
4976                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4977                                 return -EIO;
4978                         }
4979
4980                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4981                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4982                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4983                 }
4984         }
4985
4986         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4987         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4988 }
4989
4990 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4991
4992         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4993                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4994                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4995                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4996                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4997                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4998                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4999                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
5000                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
5001         };
5002
5003         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
5004
5005         return table[arg_action];
5006 }
5007
5008 static int talk_upstart(void) {
5009         DBusMessage _cleanup_dbus_message_unref_ *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
5010         DBusError _cleanup_dbus_error_free_ error;
5011         int previous, rl, r;
5012         char
5013                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
5014                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
5015         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
5016         const char *emit = "runlevel";
5017         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
5018         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
5019         DBusConnection *bus;
5020
5021         dbus_error_init(&error);
5022
5023         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5024                 return 0;
5025
5026         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
5027                 previous = 'N';
5028
5029         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
5030                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
5031                         r = 0;
5032                         goto finish;
5033                 }
5034
5035                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5036                 r = -EIO;
5037                 goto finish;
5038         }
5039
5040         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
5041                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
5042                 goto finish;
5043         }
5044
5045         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
5046                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
5047                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
5048                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
5049                               "EmitEvent"))) {
5050
5051                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
5052                 r = -ENOMEM;
5053                 goto finish;
5054         }
5055
5056         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
5057
5058         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
5059         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
5060
5061         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
5062             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
5063             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
5064             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
5065             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
5066             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
5067                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
5068                 r = -ENOMEM;
5069                 goto finish;
5070         }
5071
5072         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
5073
5074                 if (bus_error_is_no_service(&error)) {
5075                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
5076                         goto finish;
5077                 }
5078
5079                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5080                 r = -EIO;
5081                 goto finish;
5082         }
5083
5084         r = 1;
5085
5086 finish:
5087         if (bus) {
5088                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5089                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5090                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5091         }
5092
5093         return r;
5094 }
5095
5096 static int talk_initctl(void) {
5097         struct init_request request = {0};
5098         int r;
5099         int _cleanup_close_ fd = -1;
5100         char rl;
5101
5102         rl = action_to_runlevel();
5103         if (!rl)
5104                 return 0;
5105
5106         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
5107         request.sleeptime = 0;
5108         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
5109         request.runlevel = rl;
5110
5111         fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
5112         if (fd < 0) {
5113                 if (errno == ENOENT)
5114                         return 0;
5115
5116                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5117                 return -errno;
5118         }
5119
5120         errno = 0;
5121         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
5122         if (r) {
5123                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5124                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
5125         }
5126
5127         return 1;
5128 }
5129
5130 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
5131
5132         static const struct {
5133                 const char* verb;
5134                 const enum {
5135                         MORE,
5136                         LESS,
5137                         EQUAL
5138                 } argc_cmp;
5139                 const int argc;
5140                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args);
5141         } verbs[] = {
5142                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
5143                 { "list-unit-files",       EQUAL, 1, list_unit_files   },
5144                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
5145                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5146                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
5147                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
5148                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5149                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5150                 { "condstop",              MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5151                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5152                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5153                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5154                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5155                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5156                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
5157                 { "condreload",            MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5158                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
5159                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
5160                 { "set-cgroup",            MORE,  3, set_cgroup        },
5161                 { "unset-cgroup",          MORE,  3, set_cgroup        },
5162                 { "get-cgroup-attr",       MORE,  3, get_cgroup_attr   },
5163                 { "set-cgroup-attr",       MORE,  4, set_cgroup_attr   },
5164                 { "unset-cgroup-attr",     MORE,  3, set_cgroup        },
5165                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
5166                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit_active },
5167                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit_active },
5168                 { "is-failed",             MORE,  2, check_unit_failed },
5169                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
5170                 { "status",                MORE,  1, show              },
5171                 { "help",                  MORE,  2, show              },
5172                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
5173                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
5174                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
5175                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5176                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5177                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
5178                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5179                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5180                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5181                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5182                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5183                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5184                 { "suspend",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5185                 { "hibernate",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5186                 { "hybrid-sleep",          EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5187                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5188                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5189                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5190                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5191                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
5192                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5193                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5194                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, unit_is_enabled   },
5195                 { "reenable",              MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5196                 { "preset",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5197                 { "mask",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5198                 { "unmask",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5199                 { "link",                  MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5200                 { "switch-root",           MORE,  2, switch_root       },
5201                 { "list-dependencies",     LESS,  2, list_dependencies },
5202         };
5203
5204         int left;
5205         unsigned i;
5206
5207         assert(argc >= 0);
5208         assert(argv);
5209         assert(error);
5210
5211         left = argc - optind;
5212
5213         if (left <= 0)
5214                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
5215                 i = 0;
5216         else {
5217                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help") && !argv[optind+1]) {
5218                         log_error("This command expects one or more "
5219                                   "unit names. Did you mean --help?");
5220                         return -EINVAL;
5221                 }
5222
5223                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
5224                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
5225                                 break;
5226
5227                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
5228                         log_error("Unknown operation '%s'.", argv[optind]);
5229                         return -EINVAL;
5230                 }
5231         }
5232
5233         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
5234
5235         case EQUAL:
5236                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
5237                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
5238                         return -EINVAL;
5239                 }
5240
5241                 break;
5242
5243         case MORE:
5244                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
5245                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
5246                         return -EINVAL;
5247                 }
5248
5249                 break;
5250
5251         case LESS:
5252                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
5253                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
5254                         return -EINVAL;
5255                 }
5256
5257                 break;
5258
5259         default:
5260                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
5261         }
5262
5263         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
5264          * enable/disable */
5265         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
5266             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
5267             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "is-enabled") &&
5268             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "list-unit-files") &&
5269             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "reenable") &&
5270             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "preset") &&
5271             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "mask") &&
5272             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "unmask") &&
5273             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "link")) {
5274
5275                 if (running_in_chroot() > 0) {
5276                         log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5277                         return 0;
5278                 }
5279
5280                 if (((!streq(verbs[i].verb, "reboot") &&
5281                       !streq(verbs[i].verb, "halt") &&
5282                       !streq(verbs[i].verb, "poweroff")) || arg_force <= 0) && !bus) {
5283                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5284                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5285                         return -EIO;
5286                 }
5287
5288         } else {
5289
5290                 if (!bus && !avoid_bus()) {
5291                         log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s",
5292                                   dbus_error_is_set(error) ? error->message : "No connection to service manager.");
5293                         return -EIO;
5294                 }
5295         }
5296
5297         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind);
5298 }
5299
5300 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool dry_run, bool warn, const char *message) {
5301         int _cleanup_close_ fd;
5302         struct msghdr msghdr;
5303         struct iovec iovec[2];
5304         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5305         struct sd_shutdown_command c;
5306
5307         fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
5308         if (fd < 0)
5309                 return -errno;
5310
5311         zero(c);
5312         c.usec = t;
5313         c.mode = mode;
5314         c.dry_run = dry_run;
5315         c.warn_wall = warn;
5316
5317         zero(sockaddr);
5318         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5319         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path));
5320
5321         zero(msghdr);
5322         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5323         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + sizeof("/run/systemd/shutdownd") - 1;
5324
5325         zero(iovec);
5326         iovec[0].iov_base = (char*) &c;
5327         iovec[0].iov_len = offsetof(struct sd_shutdown_command, wall_message);
5328
5329         if (isempty(message))
5330                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5331         else {
5332                 iovec[1].iov_base = (char*) message;
5333                 iovec[1].iov_len = strlen(message);
5334                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 2;
5335         }
5336         msghdr.msg_iov = iovec;
5337
5338         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0)
5339                 return -errno;
5340
5341         return 0;
5342 }
5343
5344 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5345
5346         if (bus) {
5347                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5348                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5349                         return 0;
5350         }
5351
5352         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5353         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5354
5355         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5356                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5357                 return -errno;
5358         }
5359
5360         return 0;
5361 }
5362
5363 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5364
5365         if (bus) {
5366                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5367                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL) >= 0)
5368                         goto done;
5369         }
5370
5371         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5372          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5373         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5374                 goto done;
5375
5376         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5377          * /dev/initctl */
5378         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5379                 goto done;
5380
5381         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5382         return -EIO;
5383
5384 done:
5385         warn_wall(arg_action);
5386         return 0;
5387 }
5388
5389 static _noreturn_ void halt_now(enum action a) {
5390
5391        /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5392          * point on... */
5393         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5394
5395         switch (a) {
5396
5397         case ACTION_HALT:
5398                 log_info("Halting.");
5399                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5400                 break;
5401
5402         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5403                 log_info("Powering off.");
5404                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5405                 break;
5406
5407         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5408                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5409                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5410                 break;
5411
5412         default:
5413                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5414         }
5415
5416         assert_not_reached("Uh? This shouldn't happen.");
5417 }
5418
5419 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5420         int r;
5421
5422         r = check_inhibitors(bus, arg_action);
5423         if (r < 0)
5424                 return r;
5425
5426         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5427                 /* Try logind if we are a normal user and no special
5428                  * mode applies. Maybe PolicyKit allows us to shutdown
5429                  * the machine. */
5430
5431                 if (arg_when <= 0 &&
5432                     !arg_dry &&
5433                     arg_force <= 0 &&
5434                     (arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ||
5435                      arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT)) {
5436                         r = reboot_with_logind(bus, arg_action);
5437                         if (r >= 0)
5438                                 return r;
5439                 }
5440
5441                 log_error("Must be root.");
5442                 return -EPERM;
5443         }
5444
5445         if (arg_when > 0) {
5446                 char _cleanup_free_ *m;
5447
5448                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5449                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5450                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5451                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5452                                    arg_action == ACTION_KEXEC    ? 'K' :
5453                                                                    'r',
5454                                    arg_dry,
5455                                    !arg_no_wall,
5456                                    m);
5457
5458                 if (r < 0)
5459                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5460                 else {
5461                         char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5462
5463                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5464                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5465                         return 0;
5466                 }
5467         }
5468
5469         if (!arg_dry && !arg_force)
5470                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5471
5472         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5473                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5474                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5475                 else {
5476                         r = utmp_put_shutdown();
5477                         if (r < 0)
5478                                 log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5479                 }
5480         }
5481
5482         if (arg_dry)
5483                 return 0;
5484
5485         halt_now(arg_action);
5486         /* We should never reach this. */
5487         return -ENOSYS;
5488 }
5489
5490 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5491         int r, runlevel, previous;
5492
5493         r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous);
5494         if (r < 0) {
5495                 puts("unknown");
5496                 return r;
5497         }
5498
5499         printf("%c %c\n",
5500                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5501                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5502
5503         return 0;
5504 }
5505
5506 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5507         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5508         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5509         DBusError _cleanup_dbus_error_free_ error;
5510
5511         dbus_error_init(&error);
5512
5513         setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
5514         log_parse_environment();
5515         log_open();
5516
5517         r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
5518         if (r < 0)
5519                 goto finish;
5520         else if (r == 0) {
5521                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5522                 goto finish;
5523         }
5524
5525         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5526          * let's shortcut this */
5527         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5528                 r = runlevel_main();
5529                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5530                 goto finish;
5531         }
5532
5533         if (running_in_chroot() > 0 && arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
5534                 log_info("Running in chroot, ignoring request.");
5535                 retval = 0;
5536                 goto finish;
5537         }
5538
5539         if (!avoid_bus()) {
5540                 if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_NORMAL)
5541                         bus_connect(arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM : DBUS_BUS_SESSION, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5542                 else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_POLKIT) {
5543                         bus_connect_system_polkit(&bus, &error);
5544                         private_bus = false;
5545                 } else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_SSH) {
5546                         bus_connect_system_ssh(NULL, arg_host, &bus, &error);
5547                         private_bus = false;
5548                 } else
5549                         assert_not_reached("Uh, invalid transport...");
5550         }
5551
5552         switch (arg_action) {
5553
5554         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5555                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5556                 break;
5557
5558         case ACTION_HALT:
5559         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5560         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5561         case ACTION_KEXEC:
5562                 r = halt_main(bus);
5563                 break;
5564
5565         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5566         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5567         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5568         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5569         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5570         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5571         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5572                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5573                 break;
5574
5575         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5576         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5577                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5578                 break;
5579
5580         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN: {
5581                 char *m = NULL;
5582
5583                 if (arg_wall) {
5584                         m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5585                         if (!m) {
5586                                 retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5587                                 goto finish;
5588                         }
5589                 }
5590                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when, SD_SHUTDOWN_NONE, false, !arg_no_wall, m);
5591                 if (r < 0)
5592                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, shutdown hasn't been cancelled: %s", strerror(-r));
5593                 free(m);
5594                 break;
5595         }
5596
5597         case ACTION_INVALID:
5598         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5599         default:
5600                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5601         }
5602
5603         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5604
5605 finish:
5606         if (bus) {
5607                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5608                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5609                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5610         }
5611
5612         dbus_shutdown();
5613
5614         strv_free(arg_property);
5615
5616         pager_close();
5617         ask_password_agent_close();
5618         polkit_agent_close();
5619
5620         return retval;
5621 }