src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  36
  37 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  38
  39 #include "log.h"
  40 #include "util.h"
  41 #include "macro.h"
  42 #include "set.h"
  43 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  44 #include "special.h"
  45 #include "initreq.h"
  46 #include "strv.h"
  47 #include "dbus-common.h"
  48 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  49 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  50 #include "list.h"
  51 #include "path-lookup.h"
  52 #include "conf-parser.h"
  53 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  54 #include "shutdownd.h"
  55 #include "exit-status.h"
  56 #include "bus-errors.h"
  57 #include "build.h"
  58 #include "unit-name.h"
  59
  60 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  61 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  62 static bool arg_all = false;
  63 static const char *arg_job_mode = "replace";
  64 static bool arg_user = false;
  65 static bool arg_global = false;
  66 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  67 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  68 static bool arg_no_pager = false;
  69 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  70 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  71 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  72 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  73 static bool arg_dry = false;
  74 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  75 static bool arg_full = false;
  76 static bool arg_force = false;
  77 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  78 static bool arg_ask_password = false;
  79 static bool arg_failed = false;
  80 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  81 static const char *arg_kill_who = NULL;
  82 static const char *arg_kill_mode = NULL;
  83 static int arg_signal = SIGTERM;
  84 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  85 static enum action {
  86         ACTION_INVALID,
  87         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  88         ACTION_HALT,
  89         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  90         ACTION_REBOOT,
  91         ACTION_KEXEC,
  92         ACTION_EXIT,
  93         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  94         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  95         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  96         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  97         ACTION_RESCUE,
  98         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
  99         ACTION_DEFAULT,
 100         ACTION_RELOAD,
 101         ACTION_REEXEC,
 102         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
 103         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
 104         _ACTION_MAX
 105 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
 106 static enum dot {
 107         DOT_ALL,
 108         DOT_ORDER,
 109         DOT_REQUIRE
 110 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 111 static enum transport {
 112         TRANSPORT_NORMAL,
 113         TRANSPORT_SSH,
 114         TRANSPORT_POLKIT
 115 } arg_transport = TRANSPORT_NORMAL;
 116 static const char *arg_host = NULL;
 117
 118 static bool private_bus = false;
 119
 120 static pid_t pager_pid = 0;
 121 static pid_t agent_pid = 0;
 122
 123 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
 124 static void pager_open(void);
 125
 126 static bool on_tty(void) {
 127         static int t = -1;
 128
 129         /* Note that this is invoked relatively early, before we start
 130          * the pager. That means the value we return reflects whether
 131          * we originally were started on a tty, not if we currently
 132          * are. But this is intended, since we want colour and so on
 133          * when run in our own pager. */
 134
 135         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 136                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 137
 138         return t;
 139 }
 140
 141 static void spawn_ask_password_agent(void) {
 142         pid_t parent;
 143
 144         if (agent_pid > 0)
 145                 return;
 146
 147         /* We check STDIN here, not STDOUT, since this is about input,
 148          * not output */
 149         if (!isatty(STDIN_FILENO))
 150                 return;
 151
 152         if (!arg_ask_password)
 153                 return;
 154
 155         if (arg_user)
 156                 return;
 157
 158         parent = getpid();
 159
 160         /* Spawns a temporary TTY agent, making sure it goes away when
 161          * we go away */
 162
 163         if ((agent_pid = fork()) < 0)
 164                 return;
 165
 166         if (agent_pid == 0) {
 167                 /* In the child */
 168
 169                 int fd;
 170                 bool stdout_is_tty, stderr_is_tty;
 171
 172                 /* Make sure the agent goes away when the parent dies */
 173                 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
 174                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 175
 176                 /* Check whether our parent died before we were able
 177                  * to set the death signal */
 178                 if (getppid() != parent)
 179                         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 180
 181                 /* Don't leak fds to the agent */
 182                 close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
 183
 184                 stdout_is_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);
 185                 stderr_is_tty = isatty(STDERR_FILENO);
 186
 187                 if (!stdout_is_tty || !stderr_is_tty) {
 188                         /* Detach from stdout/stderr. and reopen
 189                          * /dev/tty for them. This is important to
 190                          * ensure that when systemctl is started via
 191                          * popen() or a similar call that expects to
 192                          * read EOF we actually do generate EOF and
 193                          * not delay this indefinitely by because we
 194                          * keep an unused copy of stdin around. */
 195                         if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_WRONLY)) < 0) {
 196                                 log_error("Failed to open /dev/tty: %m");
 197                                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 198                         }
 199
 200                         if (!stdout_is_tty)
 201                                 dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
 202
 203                         if (!stderr_is_tty)
 204                                 dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
 205
 206                         if (fd > 2)
 207                                 close(fd);
 208                 }
 209
 210                 execl(SYSTEMD_TTY_ASK_PASSWORD_AGENT_BINARY_PATH, SYSTEMD_TTY_ASK_PASSWORD_AGENT_BINARY_PATH, "--watch", NULL);
 211
 212                 log_error("Unable to execute agent: %m");
 213                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 214         }
 215 }
 216
 217 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 218
 219         if (!on_tty())
 220                 return "";
 221
 222         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 223 }
 224
 225 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 226
 227         if (!on_tty())
 228                 return "";
 229
 230         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 231 }
 232
 233 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 234         assert(error);
 235
 236         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 237                 return false;
 238
 239         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 240                 return true;
 241
 242         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 243                 return true;
 244
 245         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 246 }
 247
 248 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 249         assert(error);
 250
 251         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 252                 return r;
 253
 254         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 255             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 256             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 257             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 258                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 259
 260         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 261                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 262
 263         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 264             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 265                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 266
 267         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 268                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 269
 270         if (r != 0)
 271                 return r;
 272
 273         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 274 }
 275
 276 static int bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(DBusMessageIter *iter, int type, void *data, bool next) {
 277
 278         assert(iter);
 279         assert(data);
 280
 281         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter) != type)
 282                 return -EIO;
 283
 284         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, data);
 285
 286         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(iter) != !next)
 287                 return -EIO;
 288
 289         return 0;
 290 }
 291
 292 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 293         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 294                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 295                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 296                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 297                 [ACTION_KEXEC]     = "The system is going down for kexec reboot NOW!",
 298                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 299                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 300         };
 301
 302         if (arg_no_wall)
 303                 return;
 304
 305         if (arg_wall) {
 306                 char *p;
 307
 308                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 309                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 310                         return;
 311                 }
 312
 313                 if (*p) {
 314                         utmp_wall(p, NULL);
 315                         free(p);
 316                         return;
 317                 }
 318
 319                 free(p);
 320         }
 321
 322         if (!table[action])
 323                 return;
 324
 325         utmp_wall(table[action], NULL);
 326 }
 327
 328 struct unit_info {
 329         const char *id;
 330         const char *description;
 331         const char *load_state;
 332         const char *active_state;
 333         const char *sub_state;
 334         const char *following;
 335         const char *unit_path;
 336         uint32_t job_id;
 337         const char *job_type;
 338         const char *job_path;
 339 };
 340
 341 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 342         const char *d1, *d2;
 343         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 344
 345         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 346         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 347
 348         if (d1 && d2) {
 349                 int r;
 350
 351                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 352                         return r;
 353         }
 354
 355         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 356 }
 357
 358 static bool output_show_unit(const struct unit_info *u) {
 359         const char *dot;
 360
 361         if (arg_failed)
 362                 return streq(u->active_state, "failed");
 363
 364         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 365                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 366                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 367 }
 368
 369 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 370         unsigned active_len, sub_len, job_len, n_shown = 0;
 371         const struct unit_info *u;
 372
 373         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 374         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 375         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 376
 377         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 378                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 379                         continue;
 380
 381                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 382                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 383                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 384                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 385         }
 386
 387         if (on_tty()) {
 388                 printf("%-25s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s", "UNIT", "LOAD",
 389                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 390                 if (columns() >= 80+12 || arg_full)
 391                         printf(" %s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 392                 else
 393                         printf("\n");
 394         }
 395
 396         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 397                 char *e;
 398                 int a = 0, b = 0;
 399                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 400                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 401
 402                 if (!output_show_unit(u))
 403                         continue;
 404
 405                 n_shown++;
 406
 407                 if (!streq(u->load_state, "loaded") &&
 408                     !streq(u->load_state, "banned")) {
 409                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight(true);
 410                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight(false);
 411                 } else
 412                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 413
 414                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 415                         on_active = ansi_highlight(true);
 416                         off_active = ansi_highlight(false);
 417                 } else
 418                         on_active = off_active = "";
 419
 420                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, 25, 33);
 421
 422                 printf("%-25s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s%n",
 423                        e ? e : u->id,
 424                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 425                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 426                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 427                        &a);
 428
 429                 free(e);
 430
 431                 a -= strlen(on_loaded) + strlen(off_loaded);
 432                 a -= strlen(on_active) + strlen(off_active);
 433
 434                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 435                         printf(" %-*s", job_len, u->job_type);
 436                 else
 437                         b = 1 + job_len;
 438
 439                 if (a + b + 1 < columns()) {
 440                         if (u->job_id == 0)
 441                                 printf(" %-*s", job_len, "");
 442
 443                         if (arg_full)
 444                                 printf(" %s", u->description);
 445                         else
 446                                 printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 1, u->description);
 447                 }
 448
 449                 fputs("\n", stdout);
 450         }
 451
 452         if (on_tty()) {
 453                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 454                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 455                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 456                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 457
 458                 if (arg_all)
 459                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", n_shown);
 460                 else
 461                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", n_shown);
 462         }
 463 }
 464
 465 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 466         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 467         DBusError error;
 468         int r;
 469         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 470         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 471         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 472
 473         dbus_error_init(&error);
 474
 475         assert(bus);
 476
 477         pager_open();
 478
 479         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 480                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 481                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 482                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 483                               "ListUnits"))) {
 484                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 485                 return -ENOMEM;
 486         }
 487
 488         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 489                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 490                 r = -EIO;
 491                 goto finish;
 492         }
 493
 494         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 495             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 496             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 497                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 498                 r = -EIO;
 499                 goto finish;
 500         }
 501
 502         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 503
 504         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 505                 struct unit_info *u;
 506
 507                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 508                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 509                         r = -EIO;
 510                         goto finish;
 511                 }
 512
 513                 if (c >= n_units) {
 514                         struct unit_info *w;
 515
 516                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 517                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 518
 519                         if (!w) {
 520                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 521                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 522                                 goto finish;
 523                         }
 524
 525                         unit_infos = w;
 526                 }
 527
 528                 u = unit_infos+c;
 529
 530                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 531
 532                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 533                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 534                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 535                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 536                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 537                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 538                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 539                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 540                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 541                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 542                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 543                         r = -EIO;
 544                         goto finish;
 545                 }
 546
 547                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 548                 c++;
 549         }
 550
 551         if (c > 0) {
 552                 qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 553                 output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 554         }
 555
 556         r = 0;
 557
 558 finish:
 559         if (m)
 560                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 561
 562         if (reply)
 563                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 564
 565         free(unit_infos);
 566
 567         dbus_error_free(&error);
 568
 569         return r;
 570 }
 571
 572 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 573         static const char * const colors[] = {
 574                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 575                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 576                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 577                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 578                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 579                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 580                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 581                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 582         };
 583
 584         const char *c = NULL;
 585         unsigned i;
 586
 587         assert(name);
 588         assert(prop);
 589         assert(iter);
 590
 591         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 592                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 593                         c = colors[i+1];
 594                         break;
 595                 }
 596
 597         if (!c)
 598                 return 0;
 599
 600         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 601                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 602                         return 0;
 603
 604         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 605
 606         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 607
 608                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 609                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 610
 611                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 612
 613                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 614                                 const char *s;
 615
 616                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 617                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 618                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 619
 620                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 621                         }
 622
 623                         return 0;
 624                 }
 625         }
 626
 627         return 0;
 628 }
 629
 630 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 631         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 632         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 633         int r;
 634         DBusError error;
 635         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 636
 637         assert(bus);
 638         assert(path);
 639
 640         dbus_error_init(&error);
 641
 642         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 643                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 644                               path,
 645                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 646                               "GetAll"))) {
 647                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 648                 r = -ENOMEM;
 649                 goto finish;
 650         }
 651
 652         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 653                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 654                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 655                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 656                 r = -ENOMEM;
 657                 goto finish;
 658         }
 659
 660         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 661                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 662                 r = -EIO;
 663                 goto finish;
 664         }
 665
 666         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 667             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 668             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 669                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 670                 r = -EIO;
 671                 goto finish;
 672         }
 673
 674         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 675
 676         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 677                 const char *prop;
 678
 679                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 680                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 681                         r = -EIO;
 682                         goto finish;
 683                 }
 684
 685                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 686
 687                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 688                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 689                         r = -EIO;
 690                         goto finish;
 691                 }
 692
 693                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 694                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 695                         r = -EIO;
 696                         goto finish;
 697                 }
 698
 699                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 700
 701                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 702                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 703                         r = -EIO;
 704                         goto finish;
 705                 }
 706
 707                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 708         }
 709
 710         r = 0;
 711
 712 finish:
 713         if (m)
 714                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 715
 716         if (reply)
 717                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 718
 719         dbus_error_free(&error);
 720
 721         return r;
 722 }
 723
 724 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 725         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 726         DBusError error;
 727         int r;
 728         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 729
 730         dbus_error_init(&error);
 731
 732         assert(bus);
 733
 734         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 735                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 736                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 737                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 738                               "ListUnits"))) {
 739                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 740                 return -ENOMEM;
 741         }
 742
 743         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 744                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 745                 r = -EIO;
 746                 goto finish;
 747         }
 748
 749         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 750             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 751             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 752                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 753                 r = -EIO;
 754                 goto finish;
 755         }
 756
 757         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 758
 759         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 760         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 761                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 762
 763                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 764                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 765                         r = -EIO;
 766                         goto finish;
 767                 }
 768
 769                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 770
 771                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 772                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 773                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 774                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 775                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 776                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 777                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 778                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 779                         r = -EIO;
 780                         goto finish;
 781                 }
 782
 783                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 784                         goto finish;
 785
 786                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 787                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 788         }
 789
 790         printf("}\n");
 791
 792         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 793                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 794                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 795                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 796                  "                 green     = After\n");
 797
 798         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
 799                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 800                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 801
 802         r = 0;
 803
 804 finish:
 805         if (m)
 806                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 807
 808         if (reply)
 809                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 810
 811         dbus_error_free(&error);
 812
 813         return r;
 814 }
 815
 816 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 817         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 818         DBusError error;
 819         int r;
 820         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 821         unsigned k = 0;
 822
 823         dbus_error_init(&error);
 824
 825         assert(bus);
 826
 827         pager_open();
 828
 829         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 830                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 831                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 832                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 833                               "ListJobs"))) {
 834                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 835                 return -ENOMEM;
 836         }
 837
 838         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 839                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 840                 r = -EIO;
 841                 goto finish;
 842         }
 843
 844         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 845             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 846             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 847                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 848                 r = -EIO;
 849                 goto finish;
 850         }
 851
 852         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 853
 854         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 855                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 856
 857         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 858                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 859                 uint32_t id;
 860                 char *e;
 861
 862                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 863                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 864                         r = -EIO;
 865                         goto finish;
 866                 }
 867
 868                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 869
 870                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 871                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 872                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 873                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 874                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 875                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 876                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 877                         r = -EIO;
 878                         goto finish;
 879                 }
 880
 881                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
 882                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 883                 free(e);
 884
 885                 k++;
 886
 887                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 888         }
 889
 890         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 891                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 892
 893         r = 0;
 894
 895 finish:
 896         if (m)
 897                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 898
 899         if (reply)
 900                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 901
 902         dbus_error_free(&error);
 903
 904         return r;
 905 }
 906
 907 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 908         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 909         DBusError error;
 910         int r;
 911         unsigned i;
 912
 913         dbus_error_init(&error);
 914
 915         assert(bus);
 916         assert(args);
 917
 918         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 919
 920                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 921                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 922                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 923                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 924                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 925                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 926                         r = -ENOMEM;
 927                         goto finish;
 928                 }
 929
 930                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 931                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 932                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 933                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 934                         r = -ENOMEM;
 935                         goto finish;
 936                 }
 937
 938                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 939                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 940                         r = -EIO;
 941                         goto finish;
 942                 }
 943
 944                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 945                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 946
 947                 m = reply = NULL;
 948         }
 949
 950         r = 0;
 951
 952 finish:
 953         if (m)
 954                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 955
 956         if (reply)
 957                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 958
 959         dbus_error_free(&error);
 960
 961         return r;
 962 }
 963
 964 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 965         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 966         DBusError error;
 967         int r;
 968         unsigned i;
 969
 970         dbus_error_init(&error);
 971
 972         assert(bus);
 973         assert(args);
 974
 975         if (n <= 1)
 976                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 977
 978         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 979                 unsigned id;
 980                 const char *path;
 981
 982                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 983                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 984                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 985                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 986                                       "GetJob"))) {
 987                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 988                         r = -ENOMEM;
 989                         goto finish;
 990                 }
 991
 992                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 993                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 994                         goto finish;
 995                 }
 996
 997                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 998                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 999                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1000                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1001                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1002                         r = -ENOMEM;
1003                         goto finish;
1004                 }
1005
1006                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1007                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1008                         r = -EIO;
1009                         goto finish;
1010                 }
1011
1012                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1013                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1014                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1015                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1016                         r = -EIO;
1017                         goto finish;
1018                 }
1019
1020                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1021                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1022                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1023                                       path,
1024                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
1025                                       "Cancel"))) {
1026                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1027                         r = -ENOMEM;
1028                         goto finish;
1029                 }
1030
1031                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1032                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1033                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1034                         r = -EIO;
1035                         goto finish;
1036                 }
1037
1038                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1039                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1040                 m = reply = NULL;
1041         }
1042
1043         r = 0;
1044
1045 finish:
1046         if (m)
1047                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1048
1049         if (reply)
1050                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1051
1052         dbus_error_free(&error);
1053
1054         return r;
1055 }
1056
1057 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
1058         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1059         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
1060         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1061         const char
1062                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1063                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
1064                 *path;
1065
1066         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
1067
1068         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1069                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1070                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1071                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1072                               "GetUnit")))
1073                 goto finish;
1074
1075         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1076                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
1077                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1078                 goto finish;
1079
1080         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1081                 goto finish;
1082
1083         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
1084                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1085                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1086                 goto finish;
1087
1088         dbus_message_unref(m);
1089         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1090                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1091                               path,
1092                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1093                               "Get")))
1094                 goto finish;
1095
1096         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1097                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1098                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1099                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1100                 goto finish;
1101         }
1102
1103         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1104         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
1105                 goto finish;
1106
1107         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1108             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
1109                 goto finish;
1110
1111         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1112
1113         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
1114                 goto finish;
1115
1116         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1117
1118 finish:
1119         if (m)
1120                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1121
1122         if (reply)
1123                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1124
1125         return b;
1126 }
1127
1128 typedef struct WaitData {
1129         Set *set;
1130         char *result;
1131 } WaitData;
1132
1133 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1134         DBusError error;
1135         WaitData *d = data;
1136
1137         assert(connection);
1138         assert(message);
1139         assert(d);
1140
1141         dbus_error_init(&error);
1142
1143         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1144                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1145                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1146                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1147
1148         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1149                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1150                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1151
1152         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1153                 uint32_t id;
1154                 const char *path, *result;
1155                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1156
1157                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1158                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1159                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1160                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
1161                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1162                         char *p;
1163
1164                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1165                                 free(p);
1166
1167                         if (*result)
1168                                 d->result = strdup(result);
1169
1170                         goto finish;
1171                 }
1172 #ifndef LEGACY
1173                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1174
1175                 if (dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1176                                           DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1177                                           DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1178                                           DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1179                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1180                         char *p;
1181
1182                         /* Compatibility with older systemd versions <
1183                          * 19 during upgrades. This should be dropped
1184                          * one day */
1185
1186                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1187                                 free(p);
1188
1189                         if (!success)
1190                                 d->result = strdup("failed");
1191
1192                         goto finish;
1193                 }
1194 #endif
1195
1196                 log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1197         }
1198
1199 finish:
1200         dbus_error_free(&error);
1201         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1202 }
1203
1204 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1205         DBusError error;
1206
1207         assert(bus);
1208
1209         if (private_bus)
1210                 return 0;
1211
1212         dbus_error_init(&error);
1213         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1214                            "type='signal',"
1215                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1216                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1217                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1218                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1219                            &error);
1220
1221         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1222                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1223                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1224                 return -EIO;
1225         }
1226
1227         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1228         return 0;
1229 }
1230
1231 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1232         int r;
1233         WaitData d;
1234
1235         assert(bus);
1236         assert(s);
1237
1238         zero(d);
1239         d.set = s;
1240
1241         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1242                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1243                 r = -ENOMEM;
1244                 goto finish;
1245         }
1246
1247         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1248                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1249                 ;
1250
1251         if (!arg_quiet && d.result) {
1252                 if (streq(d.result, "timeout"))
1253                         log_error("Job timed out.");
1254                 else if (streq(d.result, "canceled"))
1255                         log_error("Job canceled.");
1256                 else if (streq(d.result, "dependency"))
1257                         log_error("A dependency job failed. See system logs for details.");
1258                 else if (!streq(d.result, "done") && !streq(d.result, "skipped"))
1259                         log_error("Job failed. See system logs and 'systemctl status' for details.");
1260         }
1261
1262         if (streq_ptr(d.result, "timeout"))
1263                 r = -ETIME;
1264         else if (streq_ptr(d.result, "canceled"))
1265                 r = -ECANCELED;
1266         else if (!streq_ptr(d.result, "done") && !streq_ptr(d.result, "skipped"))
1267                 r = -EIO;
1268         else
1269                 r = 0;
1270
1271         free(d.result);
1272
1273 finish:
1274         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1275
1276         return r;
1277 }
1278
1279 static int start_unit_one(
1280                 DBusConnection *bus,
1281                 const char *method,
1282                 const char *name,
1283                 const char *mode,
1284                 DBusError *error,
1285                 Set *s) {
1286
1287         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1288         const char *path;
1289         int r;
1290
1291         assert(bus);
1292         assert(method);
1293         assert(name);
1294         assert(mode);
1295         assert(error);
1296         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1297
1298         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1299                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1300                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1301                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1302                               method))) {
1303                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1304                 r = -ENOMEM;
1305                 goto finish;
1306         }
1307
1308         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1309                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1310                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1311                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1312                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1313                 r = -ENOMEM;
1314                 goto finish;
1315         }
1316
1317         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1318
1319                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1320                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1321                          * legacy actions. */
1322                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1323                         goto finish;
1324                 }
1325
1326                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1327                 r = -EIO;
1328                 goto finish;
1329         }
1330
1331         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1332                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1333                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1334                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1335                 r = -EIO;
1336                 goto finish;
1337         }
1338
1339         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1340                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1341                             arg_user ? "--user" : "--system");
1342
1343         if (!arg_no_block) {
1344                 char *p;
1345
1346                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1347                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1348                         r = -ENOMEM;
1349                         goto finish;
1350                 }
1351
1352                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1353                         free(p);
1354                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1355                         goto finish;
1356                 }
1357         }
1358
1359         r = 0;
1360
1361 finish:
1362         if (m)
1363                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1364
1365         if (reply)
1366                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1367
1368         return r;
1369 }
1370
1371 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1372         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1373                 return ACTION_HALT;
1374         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1375                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1376         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1377                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1378         else if (streq(verb, "kexec"))
1379                 return ACTION_KEXEC;
1380         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1381                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1382         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1383                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1384         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1385                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1386         else if (streq(verb, "exit"))
1387                 return ACTION_EXIT;
1388         else
1389                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1390 }
1391
1392 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1393
1394         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1395                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1396                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1397                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1398                 [ACTION_KEXEC] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET,
1399                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1400                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1401                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1402                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1403                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1404                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1405                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
1406                 [ACTION_EXIT] = SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET
1407         };
1408
1409         int r, ret = 0;
1410         unsigned i;
1411         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1412         Set *s = NULL;
1413         DBusError error;
1414
1415         dbus_error_init(&error);
1416
1417         assert(bus);
1418
1419         spawn_ask_password_agent();
1420
1421         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1422                 method =
1423                         streq(args[0], "stop") ||
1424                         streq(args[0], "condstop")              ? "StopUnit" :
1425                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1426                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1427
1428                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1429                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1430
1431                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1432
1433                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1434                         streq(args[0], "condreload") ||
1435
1436                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1437                                                                   "StartUnit";
1438
1439                 mode =
1440                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1441                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1442                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" : arg_job_mode;
1443
1444                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1445
1446         } else {
1447                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1448                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1449
1450                 method = "StartUnit";
1451
1452                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1453                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1454                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1455                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1456                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1457                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1458
1459                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1460         }
1461
1462         if (!arg_no_block) {
1463                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1464                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1465                         goto finish;
1466                 }
1467
1468                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1469                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1470                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1471                         goto finish;
1472                 }
1473         }
1474
1475         if (one_name) {
1476                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1477                         goto finish;
1478         } else {
1479                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1480                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1481                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1482                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1483                         }
1484         }
1485
1486         if (!arg_no_block)
1487                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1488                         ret = r;
1489                         goto finish;
1490                 }
1491
1492 finish:
1493         if (s)
1494                 set_free_free(s);
1495
1496         dbus_error_free(&error);
1497
1498         return ret;
1499 }
1500
1501 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1502         int r;
1503
1504         assert(bus);
1505         assert(args);
1506
1507         if (arg_force &&
1508             (streq(args[0], "halt") ||
1509              streq(args[0], "poweroff") ||
1510              streq(args[0], "reboot") ||
1511              streq(args[0], "kexec") ||
1512              streq(args[0], "exit")))
1513                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
1514
1515         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1516
1517         if (r >= 0)
1518                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1519
1520         return r;
1521 }
1522
1523 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1524         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1525         const char
1526                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1527                 *property = "ActiveState";
1528         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1529         DBusError error;
1530         unsigned i;
1531
1532         assert(bus);
1533         assert(args);
1534
1535         dbus_error_init(&error);
1536
1537         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1538                 const char *path = NULL;
1539                 const char *state;
1540                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1541
1542                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1543                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1544                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1545                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1546                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1547                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1548                         r = -ENOMEM;
1549                         goto finish;
1550                 }
1551
1552                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1553                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1554                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1555                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1556                         r = -ENOMEM;
1557                         goto finish;
1558                 }
1559
1560                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1561
1562                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1563                         if (!arg_quiet)
1564                                 puts("unknown");
1565
1566                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1567                         dbus_message_unref(m);
1568                         continue;
1569                 }
1570
1571                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1572                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1573                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1574                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1575                         r = -EIO;
1576                         goto finish;
1577                 }
1578
1579                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1580                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1581                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1582                                       path,
1583                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1584                                       "Get"))) {
1585                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1586                         r = -ENOMEM;
1587                         goto finish;
1588                 }
1589
1590                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1591                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1592                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1593                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1594                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1595                         r = -ENOMEM;
1596                         goto finish;
1597                 }
1598
1599                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1600                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1601                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1602                         r = -EIO;
1603                         goto finish;
1604                 }
1605
1606                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1607                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1608                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1609                         r = -EIO;
1610                         goto finish;
1611                 }
1612
1613                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1614
1615                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1616                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1617                         r = -EIO;
1618                         goto finish;
1619                 }
1620
1621                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1622
1623                 if (!arg_quiet)
1624                         puts(state);
1625
1626                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1627                         r = 0;
1628
1629                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1630                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1631                 m = reply = NULL;
1632         }
1633
1634 finish:
1635         if (m)
1636                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1637
1638         if (reply)
1639                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1640
1641         dbus_error_free(&error);
1642
1643         return r;
1644 }
1645
1646 static int kill_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1647         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1648         int r = 0;
1649         DBusError error;
1650         unsigned i;
1651
1652         assert(bus);
1653         assert(args);
1654
1655         dbus_error_init(&error);
1656
1657         if (!arg_kill_who)
1658                 arg_kill_who = "all";
1659
1660         if (!arg_kill_mode)
1661                 arg_kill_mode = streq(arg_kill_who, "all") ? "control-group" : "process";
1662
1663         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1664
1665                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1666                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1667                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1668                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1669                                       "KillUnit"))) {
1670                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1671                         r = -ENOMEM;
1672                         goto finish;
1673                 }
1674
1675                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1676                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1677                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_who,
1678                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &arg_kill_mode,
1679                                               DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &arg_signal,
1680                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1681                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1682                         r = -ENOMEM;
1683                         goto finish;
1684                 }
1685
1686                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1687                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1688                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1689                         r = -EIO;
1690                 }
1691
1692                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1693
1694                 if (reply)
1695                         dbus_message_unref(reply);
1696                 m = reply = NULL;
1697         }
1698
1699 finish:
1700         if (m)
1701                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1702
1703         if (reply)
1704                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1705
1706         dbus_error_free(&error);
1707
1708         return r;
1709 }
1710
1711 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1712         char *name;
1713
1714         char *path;
1715         char **argv;
1716
1717         bool ignore;
1718
1719         usec_t start_timestamp;
1720         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1721         pid_t pid;
1722         int code;
1723         int status;
1724
1725         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1726 } ExecStatusInfo;
1727
1728 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1729         assert(i);
1730
1731         free(i->name);
1732         free(i->path);
1733         strv_free(i->argv);
1734         free(i);
1735 }
1736
1737 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1738         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp;
1739         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1740         const char*path;
1741         unsigned n;
1742         uint32_t pid;
1743         int32_t code, status;
1744         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1745
1746         assert(i);
1747         assert(i);
1748
1749         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1750                 return -EIO;
1751
1752         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1753
1754         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1755                 return -EIO;
1756
1757         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1758                 return -ENOMEM;
1759
1760         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1761             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1762                 return -EIO;
1763
1764         n = 0;
1765         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1766         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1767                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1768                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1769                 n++;
1770         }
1771
1772
1773         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1774                 return -ENOMEM;
1775
1776         n = 0;
1777         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1778         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1779                 const char *s;
1780
1781                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1782                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1783                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1784
1785                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1786                         return -ENOMEM;
1787         }
1788
1789         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1790             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1791             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1792             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1793             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1794             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1795             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1796                 return -EIO;
1797
1798         i->ignore = ignore;
1799         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1800         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1801         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1802         i->code = code;
1803         i->status = status;
1804
1805         return 0;
1806 }
1807
1808 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1809         const char *id;
1810         const char *load_state;
1811         const char *active_state;
1812         const char *sub_state;
1813
1814         const char *description;
1815         const char *following;
1816
1817         const char *path;
1818         const char *default_control_group;
1819
1820         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
1821         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
1822         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
1823         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
1824
1825         bool need_daemon_reload;
1826
1827         /* Service */
1828         pid_t main_pid;
1829         pid_t control_pid;
1830         const char *status_text;
1831         bool running:1;
1832 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1833         bool is_sysv:1;
1834 #endif
1835
1836         usec_t start_timestamp;
1837         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1838
1839         int exit_code, exit_status;
1840
1841         usec_t condition_timestamp;
1842         bool condition_result;
1843
1844         /* Socket */
1845         unsigned n_accepted;
1846         unsigned n_connections;
1847         bool accept;
1848
1849         /* Device */
1850         const char *sysfs_path;
1851
1852         /* Mount, Automount */
1853         const char *where;
1854
1855         /* Swap */
1856         const char *what;
1857
1858         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1859 } UnitStatusInfo;
1860
1861 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1862         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1863         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1864         usec_t timestamp;
1865         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
1866         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
1867
1868         assert(i);
1869
1870         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1871          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1872
1873         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1874
1875         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1876                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1877
1878         printf("\n");
1879
1880         if (i->following)
1881                 printf("\t  Follow: unit currently follows state of %s\n", i->following);
1882
1883         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed") ||
1884             streq_ptr(i->load_state, "banned")) {
1885                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1886                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1887         } else
1888                 on = off = "";
1889
1890         if (i->path)
1891                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1892         else
1893                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1894
1895         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1896
1897         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
1898                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1899                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1900         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1901                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1902                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1903         } else
1904                 on = off = "";
1905
1906         if (ss)
1907                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
1908                        on,
1909                        strna(i->active_state),
1910                        ss,
1911                        off);
1912         else
1913                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
1914                        on,
1915                        strna(i->active_state),
1916                        off);
1917
1918         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
1919                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
1920                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
1921                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
1922                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
1923                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
1924
1925         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
1926         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
1927
1928         if (s1)
1929                 printf(" since %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
1930         else if (s2)
1931                 printf(" since %s\n", s2);
1932         else
1933                 printf("\n");
1934
1935         if (!i->condition_result && i->condition_timestamp > 0) {
1936                 s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), i->condition_timestamp);
1937                 s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), i->condition_timestamp);
1938
1939                 if (s1)
1940                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s; %s\n", s2, s1);
1941                 else if (s2)
1942                         printf("\t          start condition failed at %s\n", s2);
1943         }
1944
1945         if (i->sysfs_path)
1946                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1947         if (i->where)
1948                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1949         if (i->what)
1950                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1951
1952         if (i->accept)
1953                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1954
1955         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1956                 char *t;
1957                 bool good;
1958
1959                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1960                 if (p->code == 0)
1961                         continue;
1962
1963                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1964                 printf("\t Process: %u %s=%s ", p->pid, p->name, strna(t));
1965                 free(t);
1966
1967 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1968                 if (i->is_sysv)
1969                         good = is_clean_exit_lsb(p->code, p->status);
1970                 else
1971 #endif
1972                         good = is_clean_exit(p->code, p->status);
1973
1974                 if (!good) {
1975                         on = ansi_highlight(true);
1976                         off = ansi_highlight(false);
1977                 } else
1978                         on = off = "";
1979
1980                 printf("%s(code=%s, ", on, sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1981
1982                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
1983                         const char *c;
1984
1985                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1986
1987 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1988                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1989 #else
1990                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1991 #endif
1992                                 printf("/%s", c);
1993
1994                 } else
1995                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1996
1997                 printf(")%s\n", off);
1998
1999                 on = off = NULL;
2000
2001                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
2002                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
2003                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
2004                         /* Let's not show this twice */
2005                         i->main_pid = 0;
2006
2007                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
2008                         i->control_pid = 0;
2009         }
2010
2011         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
2012                 printf("\t");
2013
2014                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
2015                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
2016
2017                         if (i->running) {
2018                                 char *t = NULL;
2019                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
2020                                 if (t) {
2021                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
2022                                         free(t);
2023                                 }
2024                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
2025                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
2026
2027                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
2028                                         const char *c;
2029
2030                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
2031
2032 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2033                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2034 #else
2035                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
2036 #endif
2037                                                 printf("/%s", c);
2038
2039                                 } else
2040                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
2041                                 printf(")");
2042                         }
2043                 }
2044
2045                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
2046                         printf(";");
2047
2048                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
2049                         char *t = NULL;
2050
2051                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
2052
2053                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
2054                         if (t) {
2055                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
2056                                 free(t);
2057                         }
2058                 }
2059
2060                 printf("\n");
2061         }
2062
2063         if (i->status_text)
2064                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
2065
2066         if (i->default_control_group) {
2067                 unsigned c;
2068
2069                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
2070
2071                 if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_SSH) {
2072                         if ((c = columns()) > 18)
2073                                 c -= 18;
2074                         else
2075                                 c = 0;
2076
2077                         show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
2078                 }
2079         }
2080
2081         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
2082                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
2083                        ansi_highlight(true),
2084                        ansi_highlight(false),
2085                        arg_user ? "--user" : "--system");
2086 }
2087
2088 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
2089
2090         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2091
2092         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2093                 const char *s;
2094
2095                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2096
2097                 if (s[0]) {
2098                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
2099                                 i->id = s;
2100                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
2101                                 i->load_state = s;
2102                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
2103                                 i->active_state = s;
2104                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
2105                                 i->sub_state = s;
2106                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
2107                                 i->description = s;
2108                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
2109                                 i->path = s;
2110 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
2111                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
2112                                 i->is_sysv = true;
2113                                 i->path = s;
2114                         }
2115 #endif
2116                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
2117                                 i->default_control_group = s;
2118                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
2119                                 i->status_text = s;
2120                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
2121                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
2122                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
2123                                 i->where = s;
2124                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
2125                                 i->what = s;
2126                         else if (streq(name, "Following"))
2127                                 i->following = s;
2128                 }
2129
2130                 break;
2131         }
2132
2133         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2134                 dbus_bool_t b;
2135
2136                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2137
2138                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
2139                         i->accept = b;
2140                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
2141                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
2142                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionResult"))
2143                         i->condition_result = b;
2144
2145                 break;
2146         }
2147
2148         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2149                 uint32_t u;
2150
2151                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2152
2153                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
2154                         if (u > 0) {
2155                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2156                                 i->running = true;
2157                         }
2158                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
2159                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
2160                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
2161                         if (u > 0)
2162                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
2163                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
2164                         i->n_accepted = u;
2165                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
2166                         i->n_connections = u;
2167
2168                 break;
2169         }
2170
2171         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2172                 int32_t j;
2173
2174                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
2175
2176                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
2177                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
2178                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
2179                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
2180
2181                 break;
2182         }
2183
2184         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2185                 uint64_t u;
2186
2187                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2188
2189                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
2190                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2191                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
2192                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2193                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
2194                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2195                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
2196                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2197                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
2198                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2199                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
2200                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2201                 else if (streq(name, "ConditionTimestamp"))
2202                         i->condition_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
2203
2204                 break;
2205         }
2206
2207         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
2208
2209                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
2210                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2211                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2212
2213                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2214                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2215                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
2216                                 int r;
2217
2218                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
2219                                         return -ENOMEM;
2220
2221                                 if (!(info->name = strdup(name))) {
2222                                         free(info);
2223                                         return -ENOMEM;
2224                                 }
2225
2226                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
2227                                         free(info);
2228                                         return r;
2229                                 }
2230
2231                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
2232
2233                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2234                         }
2235                 }
2236
2237                 break;
2238         }
2239         }
2240
2241         return 0;
2242 }
2243
2244 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
2245         assert(name);
2246         assert(iter);
2247
2248         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
2249          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
2250
2251         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
2252                 return 0;
2253
2254         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
2255
2256         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
2257                 const char *s;
2258                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
2259
2260                 if (arg_all || s[0])
2261                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2262
2263                 return 0;
2264         }
2265
2266         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
2267                 dbus_bool_t b;
2268                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
2269                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, yes_no(b));
2270
2271                 return 0;
2272         }
2273
2274         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
2275                 uint64_t u;
2276                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2277
2278                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
2279                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
2280
2281                 if (strstr(name, "Timestamp")) {
2282                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
2283
2284                         if ((t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u)) || arg_all)
2285                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, strempty(t));
2286                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
2287                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2288
2289                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u));
2290                 } else
2291                         printf("%s=%llu\n", name, (unsigned long long) u);
2292
2293                 return 0;
2294         }
2295
2296         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2297                 uint32_t u;
2298                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2299
2300                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
2301                         printf("%s=%04o\n", name, u);
2302                 else
2303                         printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2304
2305                 return 0;
2306         }
2307
2308         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2309                 int32_t i;
2310                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &i);
2311
2312                 printf("%s=%i\n", name, (int) i);
2313                 return 0;
2314         }
2315
2316         case DBUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
2317                 double d;
2318                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &d);
2319
2320                 printf("%s=%g\n", name, d);
2321                 return 0;
2322         }
2323
2324         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2325                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2326                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2327
2328                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2329                         uint32_t u;
2330
2331                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2332
2333                         if (u)
2334                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2335                         else if (arg_all)
2336                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2337
2338                         return 0;
2339                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2340                         const char *s;
2341
2342                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2343
2344                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2345                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2346
2347                         return 0;
2348                 }
2349
2350                 break;
2351         }
2352
2353         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2354
2355                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2356                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2357                         bool space = false;
2358
2359                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2360                         if (arg_all ||
2361                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2362                                 printf("%s=", name);
2363
2364                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2365                                         const char *s;
2366
2367                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2368                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2369                                         printf("%s%s", space ? " " : "", s);
2370
2371                                         space = true;
2372                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2373                                 }
2374
2375                                 puts("");
2376                         }
2377
2378                         return 0;
2379
2380                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE) {
2381                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2382
2383                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2384                         if (arg_all ||
2385                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2386                                 printf("%s=", name);
2387
2388                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2389                                         uint8_t u;
2390
2391                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE);
2392                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2393                                         printf("%02x", u);
2394
2395                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2396                                 }
2397
2398                                 puts("");
2399                         }
2400
2401                         return 0;
2402
2403                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "EnvironmentFiles")) {
2404                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2405
2406                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2407                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2408                                 const char *path;
2409                                 dbus_bool_t ignore;
2410
2411                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2412
2413                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) >= 0 &&
2414                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, false) >= 0)
2415                                         printf("EnvironmentFile=%s (ignore=%s)\n", path, yes_no(ignore));
2416
2417                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2418                         }
2419
2420                         return 0;
2421
2422                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2423                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2424
2425                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2426                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2427                                 const char *type, *path;
2428
2429                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2430
2431                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2432                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2433                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2434
2435                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2436                         }
2437
2438                         return 0;
2439
2440                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2441                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2442
2443                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2444                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2445                                 const char *base;
2446                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2447
2448                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2449
2450                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2451                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2452                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2453                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2454
2455                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2456                                                base,
2457                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2458                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2459                                 }
2460
2461                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2462                         }
2463
2464                         return 0;
2465
2466                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2467                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2468
2469                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2470                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2471                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2472
2473                                 zero(info);
2474                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2475                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2476                                         char *t;
2477
2478                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2479
2480                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2481                                                name,
2482                                                strna(info.path),
2483                                                strna(t),
2484                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2485                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2486                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2487                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2488                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2489                                                info.status,
2490                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2491                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2492
2493                                         free(t);
2494                                 }
2495
2496                                 free(info.path);
2497                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2498
2499                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2500                         }
2501
2502                         return 0;
2503                 }
2504
2505                 break;
2506         }
2507
2508         if (arg_all)
2509                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2510
2511         return 0;
2512 }
2513
2514 static int show_one(const char *verb, DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2515         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2516         const char *interface = "";
2517         int r;
2518         DBusError error;
2519         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2520         UnitStatusInfo info;
2521         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2522
2523         assert(bus);
2524         assert(path);
2525         assert(new_line);
2526
2527         zero(info);
2528         dbus_error_init(&error);
2529
2530         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2531                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2532                               path,
2533                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2534                               "GetAll"))) {
2535                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2536                 r = -ENOMEM;
2537                 goto finish;
2538         }
2539
2540         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2541                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2542                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2543                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2544                 r = -ENOMEM;
2545                 goto finish;
2546         }
2547
2548         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2549                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2550                 r = -EIO;
2551                 goto finish;
2552         }
2553
2554         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2555             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2556             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2557                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2558                 r = -EIO;
2559                 goto finish;
2560         }
2561
2562         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2563
2564         if (*new_line)
2565                 printf("\n");
2566
2567         *new_line = true;
2568
2569         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2570                 const char *name;
2571
2572                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2573                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2574                         r = -EIO;
2575                         goto finish;
2576                 }
2577
2578                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2579
2580                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2581                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2582                         r = -EIO;
2583                         goto finish;
2584                 }
2585
2586                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2587                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2588                         r = -EIO;
2589                         goto finish;
2590                 }
2591
2592                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2593
2594                 if (show_properties)
2595                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2596                 else
2597                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2598
2599                 if (r < 0) {
2600                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2601                         r = -EIO;
2602                         goto finish;
2603                 }
2604
2605                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2606         }
2607
2608         r = 0;
2609
2610         if (!show_properties)
2611                 print_status_info(&info);
2612
2613         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2614             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading") &&
2615             streq(verb, "status"))
2616                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2617                 r = 3;
2618
2619         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2620                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2621                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2622         }
2623
2624 finish:
2625         if (m)
2626                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2627
2628         if (reply)
2629                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2630
2631         dbus_error_free(&error);
2632
2633         return r;
2634 }
2635
2636 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2637         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2638         int r, ret = 0;
2639         DBusError error;
2640         unsigned i;
2641         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2642
2643         assert(bus);
2644         assert(args);
2645
2646         dbus_error_init(&error);
2647
2648         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2649
2650         if (show_properties)
2651                 pager_open();
2652
2653         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2654                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2655                  * itself */
2656
2657                 ret = show_one(args[0], bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2658                 goto finish;
2659         }
2660
2661         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2662                 const char *path = NULL;
2663                 uint32_t id;
2664
2665                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2666
2667                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2668
2669                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2670                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2671                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2672                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2673                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2674                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2675                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2676                                 goto finish;
2677                         }
2678
2679                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2680                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2681                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2682                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2683                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2684                                 goto finish;
2685                         }
2686
2687                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2688
2689                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2690                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2691                                         ret = -EIO;
2692                                         goto finish;
2693                                 }
2694
2695                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2696
2697                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2698                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2699                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2700                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2701                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2702                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2703                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2704                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2705                                         goto finish;
2706                                 }
2707
2708                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2709                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2710                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2711                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2712                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2713                                         goto finish;
2714                                 }
2715
2716                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2717                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2718
2719                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
2720                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
2721                                         else
2722                                                 ret = -EIO;
2723                                         goto finish;
2724                                 }
2725                         }
2726
2727                 } else if (show_properties) {
2728
2729                         /* Interpret as job id */
2730
2731                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2732                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2733                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2734                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2735                                               "GetJob"))) {
2736                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2737                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2738                                 goto finish;
2739                         }
2740
2741                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2742                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2743                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2744                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2745                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2746                                 goto finish;
2747                         }
2748
2749                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2750                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2751                                 ret = -EIO;
2752                                 goto finish;
2753                         }
2754                 } else {
2755
2756                         /* Interpret as PID */
2757
2758                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2759                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2760                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2761                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2762                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2763                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2764                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2765                                 goto finish;
2766                         }
2767
2768                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2769                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2770                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2771                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2772                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2773                                 goto finish;
2774                         }
2775
2776                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2777                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2778                                 ret = -EIO;
2779                                 goto finish;
2780                         }
2781                 }
2782
2783                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2784                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2785                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2786                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2787                         ret = -EIO;
2788                         goto finish;
2789                 }
2790
2791                 if ((r = show_one(args[0], bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
2792                         ret = r;
2793
2794                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2795                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2796                 m = reply = NULL;
2797         }
2798
2799 finish:
2800         if (m)
2801                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2802
2803         if (reply)
2804                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2805
2806         dbus_error_free(&error);
2807
2808         return ret;
2809 }
2810
2811 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2812         DBusError error;
2813         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2814
2815         assert(connection);
2816         assert(message);
2817
2818         dbus_error_init(&error);
2819
2820         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2821                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2822                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2823                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2824
2825         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2826                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2827                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2828
2829         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2830                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2831                 const char *id, *path;
2832
2833                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2834                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2835                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2836                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2837                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2838                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2839                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2840                 else
2841                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2842
2843         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew") ||
2844                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2845                 uint32_t id;
2846                 const char *path, *result;
2847
2848                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2849                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2850                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2851                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &result,
2852                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2853                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2854                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "JobNew"))
2855                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2856                 else
2857                         printf("Job %u removed.\n", id);
2858
2859
2860         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "PropertiesChanged")) {
2861
2862                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2863                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2864
2865                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2866
2867                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2868                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2869                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2870                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2871                         goto finish;
2872                 }
2873
2874                 if (!streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job") &&
2875                     !streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit"))
2876                         goto finish;
2877
2878                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2879                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2880                               path,
2881                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2882                               "Get"))) {
2883                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2884                         goto oom;
2885                 }
2886
2887                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2888                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2889                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2890                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2891                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2892                         goto finish;
2893                 }
2894
2895                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2896                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2897                         goto finish;
2898                 }
2899
2900                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2901                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2902                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2903                         goto finish;
2904                 }
2905
2906                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2907
2908                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2909                         const char *id;
2910
2911                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2912                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2913                                 goto finish;
2914                         }
2915
2916                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2917                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2918                 } else {
2919                         uint32_t id;
2920
2921                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2922                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2923                                 goto finish;
2924                         }
2925
2926                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2927                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2928                 }
2929         }
2930
2931 finish:
2932         if (m)
2933                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2934
2935         if (reply)
2936                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2937
2938         dbus_error_free(&error);
2939         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2940
2941 oom:
2942         if (m)
2943                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2944
2945         if (reply)
2946                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2947
2948         dbus_error_free(&error);
2949         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2950 }
2951
2952 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2953         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2954         DBusError error;
2955         int r;
2956
2957         dbus_error_init(&error);
2958
2959         if (!private_bus) {
2960                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2961                                    "type='signal',"
2962                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2963                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2964                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2965                                    &error);
2966
2967                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2968                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2969                         r = -EIO;
2970                         goto finish;
2971                 }
2972
2973                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2974                                    "type='signal',"
2975                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2976                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties',"
2977                                    "member='PropertiesChanged'",
2978                                    &error);
2979
2980                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2981                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2982                         r = -EIO;
2983                         goto finish;
2984                 }
2985         }
2986
2987         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2988                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2989                 r = -ENOMEM;
2990                 goto finish;
2991         }
2992
2993         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2994                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2995                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2996                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2997                               "Subscribe"))) {
2998                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2999                 r = -ENOMEM;
3000                 goto finish;
3001         }
3002
3003         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3004                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3005                 r = -EIO;
3006                 goto finish;
3007         }
3008
3009         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
3010                 ;
3011
3012         r = 0;
3013
3014 finish:
3015
3016         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
3017
3018         if (m)
3019                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3020
3021         if (reply)
3022                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3023
3024         dbus_error_free(&error);
3025
3026         return r;
3027 }
3028
3029 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3030         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3031         DBusError error;
3032         int r;
3033         const char *text;
3034
3035         dbus_error_init(&error);
3036
3037         pager_open();
3038
3039         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3040                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3041                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3042                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3043                               "Dump"))) {
3044                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3045                 return -ENOMEM;
3046         }
3047
3048         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3049                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3050                 r = -EIO;
3051                 goto finish;
3052         }
3053
3054         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3055                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
3056                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3057                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3058                 r = -EIO;
3059                 goto finish;
3060         }
3061
3062         fputs(text, stdout);
3063
3064         r = 0;
3065
3066 finish:
3067         if (m)
3068                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3069
3070         if (reply)
3071                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3072
3073         dbus_error_free(&error);
3074
3075         return r;
3076 }
3077
3078 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3079         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3080         DBusError error;
3081         int r;
3082         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
3083         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
3084         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3085         const char
3086                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
3087                 *property = "Id";
3088
3089         dbus_error_init(&error);
3090
3091         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3092                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3093                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3094                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3095                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
3096                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3097                 return -ENOMEM;
3098         }
3099
3100         if (n > 1)
3101                 name = args[1];
3102
3103         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3104                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
3105                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
3106                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3107                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3108                 r = -ENOMEM;
3109                 goto finish;
3110         }
3111
3112         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3113                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3114                 r = -EIO;
3115                 goto finish;
3116         }
3117
3118         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3119                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3120                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3121                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3122                 r = -EIO;
3123                 goto finish;
3124         }
3125
3126         dbus_message_unref(m);
3127         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3128                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3129                               path,
3130                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3131                               "Get"))) {
3132                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3133                 return -ENOMEM;
3134         }
3135
3136         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3137                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3138                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3139                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3140                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3141                 r = -ENOMEM;
3142                 goto finish;
3143         }
3144
3145         dbus_message_unref(reply);
3146         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3147                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3148                 r = -EIO;
3149                 goto finish;
3150         }
3151
3152         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3153             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3154                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3155                 r = -EIO;
3156                 goto finish;
3157         }
3158
3159         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3160
3161         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3162                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3163                 r = -EIO;
3164                 goto finish;
3165         }
3166
3167         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
3168
3169         if (!arg_quiet)
3170                 puts(id);
3171         r = 0;
3172
3173 finish:
3174         if (m)
3175                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3176
3177         if (reply)
3178                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3179
3180         dbus_error_free(&error);
3181
3182         return r;
3183 }
3184
3185 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3186         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3187         int r;
3188         DBusError error;
3189         unsigned i;
3190
3191         assert(bus);
3192         assert(args);
3193
3194         dbus_error_init(&error);
3195
3196         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3197                 const char *path = NULL;
3198
3199                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3200                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3201                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3202                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3203                                       "GetUnit"))) {
3204                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3205                         r = -ENOMEM;
3206                         goto finish;
3207                 }
3208
3209                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3210                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
3211                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3212                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3213                         r = -ENOMEM;
3214                         goto finish;
3215                 }
3216
3217                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3218                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3219                         r = -EIO;
3220                         goto finish;
3221                 }
3222
3223                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
3224                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
3225                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3226                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3227                         r = -EIO;
3228                         goto finish;
3229                 }
3230
3231                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3232                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3233                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3234                                       path,
3235                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
3236                                       "Remove"))) {
3237                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3238                         r = -ENOMEM;
3239                         goto finish;
3240                 }
3241
3242                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3243                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3244                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3245                         r = -EIO;
3246                         goto finish;
3247                 }
3248
3249                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3250                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3251                 m = reply = NULL;
3252         }
3253
3254         r = 0;
3255
3256 finish:
3257         if (m)
3258                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3259
3260         if (reply)
3261                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3262
3263         dbus_error_free(&error);
3264
3265         return r;
3266 }
3267
3268 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3269         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3270         DBusError error;
3271         int r;
3272         const char *method;
3273
3274         dbus_error_init(&error);
3275
3276         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
3277                 method = "Reload";
3278         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
3279                 method = "Reexecute";
3280         else {
3281                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
3282
3283                 method =
3284                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")    ||
3285                         streq(args[0], "cancel")        ? "ClearJobs" :
3286                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec") ? "Reexecute" :
3287                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")  ? "ResetFailed" :
3288                         streq(args[0], "halt")          ? "Halt" :
3289                         streq(args[0], "poweroff")      ? "PowerOff" :
3290                         streq(args[0], "reboot")        ? "Reboot" :
3291                         streq(args[0], "kexec")         ? "KExec" :
3292                         streq(args[0], "exit")          ? "Exit" :
3293                                     /* "daemon-reload" */ "Reload";
3294         }
3295
3296         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3297                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3298                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3299                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3300                               method))) {
3301                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3302                 return -ENOMEM;
3303         }
3304
3305         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3306
3307                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
3308                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
3309                          * legacy actions. */
3310                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
3311                         goto finish;
3312                 }
3313
3314                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3315                 r = -EIO;
3316                 goto finish;
3317         }
3318
3319         r = 0;
3320
3321 finish:
3322         if (m)
3323                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3324
3325         if (reply)
3326                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3327
3328         dbus_error_free(&error);
3329
3330         return r;
3331 }
3332
3333 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3334         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3335         unsigned i;
3336         int r;
3337         DBusError error;
3338
3339         assert(bus);
3340         dbus_error_init(&error);
3341
3342         if (n <= 1)
3343                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
3344
3345         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3346
3347                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3348                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3349                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3350                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3351                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3352                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3353                         r = -ENOMEM;
3354                         goto finish;
3355                 }
3356
3357                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3358                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
3359                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3360                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3361                         r = -ENOMEM;
3362                         goto finish;
3363                 }
3364
3365                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3366                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3367                         r = -EIO;
3368                         goto finish;
3369                 }
3370
3371                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3372                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3373                 m = reply = NULL;
3374         }
3375
3376         r = 0;
3377
3378 finish:
3379         if (m)
3380                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3381
3382         if (reply)
3383                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3384
3385         dbus_error_free(&error);
3386
3387         return r;
3388 }
3389
3390 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3391         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3392         DBusError error;
3393         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3394         int r;
3395         const char
3396                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3397                 *property = "Environment";
3398
3399         dbus_error_init(&error);
3400
3401         pager_open();
3402
3403         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3404                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3405                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3406                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3407                               "Get"))) {
3408                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3409                 return -ENOMEM;
3410         }
3411
3412         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3413                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3414                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3415                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3416                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3417                 r = -ENOMEM;
3418                 goto finish;
3419         }
3420
3421         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3422                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3423                 r = -EIO;
3424                 goto finish;
3425         }
3426
3427         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3428             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3429                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3430                 r = -EIO;
3431                 goto finish;
3432         }
3433
3434         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3435
3436         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3437             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3438                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3439                 r = -EIO;
3440                 goto finish;
3441         }
3442
3443         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3444
3445         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3446                 const char *text;
3447
3448                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3449                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3450                         r = -EIO;
3451                         goto finish;
3452                 }
3453
3454                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3455                 printf("%s\n", text);
3456
3457                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3458         }
3459
3460         r = 0;
3461
3462 finish:
3463         if (m)
3464                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3465
3466         if (reply)
3467                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3468
3469         dbus_error_free(&error);
3470
3471         return r;
3472 }
3473
3474 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3475         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3476         DBusError error;
3477         int r;
3478         const char *method;
3479         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3480         unsigned i;
3481
3482         dbus_error_init(&error);
3483
3484         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3485                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3486                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3487
3488         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3489                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3490                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3491                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3492                               method))) {
3493
3494                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3495                 return -ENOMEM;
3496         }
3497
3498         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3499
3500         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3501                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3502                 r = -ENOMEM;
3503                 goto finish;
3504         }
3505
3506         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
3507                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
3508                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3509                         r = -ENOMEM;
3510                         goto finish;
3511                 }
3512
3513         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3514                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3515                 r = -ENOMEM;
3516                 goto finish;
3517         }
3518
3519         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3520                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3521                 r = -EIO;
3522                 goto finish;
3523         }
3524
3525         r = 0;
3526
3527 finish:
3528         if (m)
3529                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3530
3531         if (reply)
3532                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3533
3534         dbus_error_free(&error);
3535
3536         return r;
3537 }
3538
3539 typedef struct {
3540         char *name;
3541         char *path;
3542
3543         char **aliases;
3544         char **wanted_by;
3545 } InstallInfo;
3546
3547 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3548 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3549 static unsigned n_symlinks = 0;
3550
3551 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3552         assert(i);
3553
3554         free(i->name);
3555         free(i->path);
3556         strv_free(i->aliases);
3557         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3558         free(i);
3559 }
3560
3561 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3562         InstallInfo *i;
3563
3564         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3565                 install_info_free(i);
3566
3567         hashmap_free(m);
3568 }
3569
3570 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3571         InstallInfo *i;
3572         int r;
3573
3574         assert(will_install);
3575
3576         if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(name, true)) {
3577                 log_warning("Unit name %s is not a valid unit name.", name);
3578                 return -EINVAL;
3579         }
3580
3581         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3582             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3583                 return 0;
3584
3585         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3586                 r = -ENOMEM;
3587                 goto fail;
3588         }
3589
3590         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3591                 r = -ENOMEM;
3592                 goto fail;
3593         }
3594
3595         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3596                 goto fail;
3597
3598         return 0;
3599
3600 fail:
3601         if (i)
3602                 install_info_free(i);
3603
3604         return r;
3605 }
3606
3607 static int config_parse_also(
3608                 const char *filename,
3609                 unsigned line,
3610                 const char *section,
3611                 const char *lvalue,
3612                 int ltype,
3613                 const char *rvalue,
3614                 void *data,
3615                 void *userdata) {
3616
3617         char *w;
3618         size_t l;
3619         char *state;
3620
3621         assert(filename);
3622         assert(lvalue);
3623         assert(rvalue);
3624
3625         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3626                 char *n;
3627                 int r;
3628
3629                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3630                         return -ENOMEM;
3631
3632                 if ((r = install_info_add(n)) < 0) {
3633                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", n, strerror(-r));
3634                         free(n);
3635                         return r;
3636                 }
3637
3638                 free(n);
3639         }
3640
3641         return 0;
3642 }
3643
3644 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3645         char *n;
3646         int r;
3647
3648         assert(p);
3649         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3650
3651         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3652                 return 0;
3653
3654         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3655                 return -ENOMEM;
3656
3657         path_kill_slashes(n);
3658
3659         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3660                 free(n);
3661                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3662         }
3663
3664         return 0;
3665 }
3666
3667 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3668         int r = 0;
3669         DIR *d;
3670         struct dirent *de;
3671
3672         assert(fd >= 0);
3673         assert(root);
3674         assert(deleted);
3675
3676         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3677                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3678                 return -errno;
3679         }
3680
3681         rewinddir(d);
3682
3683         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3684                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3685
3686                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3687                         continue;
3688
3689                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3690                         is_link = true;
3691                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3692                         is_dir = true;
3693                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3694                         struct stat st;
3695
3696                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3697                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3698
3699                                 if (r == 0)
3700                                         r = -errno;
3701                                 continue;
3702                         }
3703
3704                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3705                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3706                 } else
3707                         continue;
3708
3709                 if (is_dir) {
3710                         int nfd, q;
3711                         char *p;
3712
3713                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3714                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3715
3716                                 if (r == 0)
3717                                         r = -errno;
3718                                 continue;
3719                         }
3720
3721                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3722                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3723                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3724                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3725                                 break;
3726                         }
3727
3728                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3729                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3730                         free(p);
3731
3732                         if (r == 0)
3733                                 r = q;
3734
3735                 } else if (is_link) {
3736                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3737                         int q;
3738
3739                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3740                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3741                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3742                                 break;
3743                         }
3744
3745                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3746                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3747                                 free(p);
3748
3749                                 if (r == 0)
3750                                         r = q;
3751                                 continue;
3752                         }
3753
3754                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3755                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3756                                  * is already removed */
3757
3758                                 free(dest);
3759                                 dest = c;
3760                         }
3761
3762                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3763                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3764
3765                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3766                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3767
3768                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3769                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3770
3771                                         if (r == 0)
3772                                                 r = -errno;
3773                                 } else {
3774                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3775                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3776
3777                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3778
3779                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3780                                                         if (r == 0)
3781                                                                 r = q;
3782                                                 } else
3783                                                         *deleted = true;
3784                                         }
3785                                 }
3786                         }
3787
3788                         free(p);
3789                         free(dest);
3790                 }
3791         }
3792
3793         closedir(d);
3794
3795         return r;
3796 }
3797
3798 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3799         int fd, r = 0;
3800         bool deleted;
3801
3802         assert(config_path);
3803
3804         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3805                 return 0;
3806
3807         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3808                 return -errno;
3809
3810         do {
3811                 int q, cfd;
3812                 deleted = false;
3813
3814                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3815                         r = -errno;
3816                         break;
3817                 }
3818
3819                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3820                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3821                         if (r == 0)
3822                                 r = q;
3823                 }
3824         } while (deleted);
3825
3826         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3827
3828         return r;
3829 }
3830
3831 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *old_path, const char *new_path) {
3832         int r;
3833
3834         assert(old_path);
3835         assert(new_path);
3836         assert(verb);
3837
3838         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3839                 char *dest;
3840
3841                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3842
3843                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3844
3845                         if (!arg_quiet)
3846                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3847
3848                         return 0;
3849                 }
3850
3851                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3852                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3853                         return -errno;
3854                 }
3855
3856                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3857
3858                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3859                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3860                                 return -EEXIST;
3861                         }
3862
3863                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3864                         return r;
3865                 }
3866
3867                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3868                         free(dest);
3869                         return 0;
3870                 }
3871
3872                 if (!arg_force) {
3873                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3874                         free(dest);
3875                         return -EEXIST;
3876                 }
3877
3878                 free(dest);
3879                 unlink(new_path);
3880
3881                 if (!arg_quiet)
3882                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3883
3884                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3885                         return 0;
3886
3887                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3888                 return -errno;
3889
3890         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3891                 char *dest;
3892
3893                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3894                         return r;
3895
3896                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3897                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3898                                 return 0;
3899
3900                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3901                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3902                                 return 0;
3903                         }
3904
3905                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3906                         return r;
3907                 }
3908
3909                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3910                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3911                         free(dest);
3912                         return 0;
3913                 }
3914
3915                 free(dest);
3916
3917                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3918                         return r;
3919
3920                 if (!arg_quiet)
3921                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3922
3923                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3924                         return 0;
3925
3926                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3927                 return -errno;
3928
3929         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3930                 char *dest;
3931
3932                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3933
3934                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3935                                 return 0;
3936
3937                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3938                         return r;
3939                 }
3940
3941                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3942                         free(dest);
3943                         return 1;
3944                 }
3945
3946                 return 0;
3947         }
3948
3949         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3950 }
3951
3952 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3953         char **s;
3954         char *alias_path = NULL;
3955         int r;
3956
3957         assert(verb);
3958         assert(i);
3959         assert(config_path);
3960
3961         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3962
3963                 free(alias_path);
3964                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3965                         log_error("Out of memory");
3966                         r = -ENOMEM;
3967                         goto finish;
3968                 }
3969
3970                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3971                         goto finish;
3972
3973                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3974                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3975         }
3976         r = 0;
3977
3978 finish:
3979         free(alias_path);
3980
3981         return r;
3982 }
3983
3984 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3985         char **s;
3986         char *alias_path = NULL;
3987         int r;
3988
3989         assert(verb);
3990         assert(i);
3991         assert(config_path);
3992
3993         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3994                 if (!unit_name_is_valid_no_type(*s, true)) {
3995                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3996                         r = -EINVAL;
3997                         goto finish;
3998                 }
3999
4000                 free(alias_path);
4001                 alias_path = NULL;
4002
4003                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
4004                         log_error("Out of memory");
4005                         r = -ENOMEM;
4006                         goto finish;
4007                 }
4008
4009                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
4010                         goto finish;
4011
4012                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
4013                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
4014         }
4015
4016         r = 0;
4017
4018 finish:
4019         free(alias_path);
4020
4021         return r;
4022 }
4023
4024 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
4025
4026         const ConfigItem items[] = {
4027                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, 0, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
4028                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, 0, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
4029                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, 0, NULL,          "Install" },
4030
4031                 { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL }
4032         };
4033
4034         char **p;
4035         char *filename = NULL;
4036         FILE *f = NULL;
4037         int r;
4038
4039         assert(paths);
4040         assert(i);
4041
4042         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
4043                 int fd;
4044
4045                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, *p))) {
4046                         log_error("Out of memory");
4047                         return -ENOMEM;
4048                 }
4049
4050                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
4051                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
4052                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
4053                                 break;
4054
4055                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
4056                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
4057                         free(filename);
4058                         return -errno;
4059                 }
4060
4061                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
4062                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
4063                         free(filename);
4064                         return -errno;
4065                 }
4066
4067                 free(filename);
4068                 filename = NULL;
4069         }
4070
4071         if (!f) {
4072 #if (defined(TARGET_FEDORA) || defined(TARGET_MANDRIVA)) && defined (HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT)
4073
4074                 if (endswith(i->name, ".service")) {
4075                         char *sysv;
4076                         bool exists;
4077
4078                         if (asprintf(&sysv, SYSTEM_SYSVINIT_PATH "/%s", i->name) < 0) {
4079                                 log_error("Out of memory");
4080                                 return -ENOMEM;
4081                         }
4082
4083                         sysv[strlen(sysv) - sizeof(".service") + 1] = 0;
4084                         exists = access(sysv, F_OK) >= 0;
4085
4086                         if (exists) {
4087                                 pid_t pid;
4088                                 siginfo_t status;
4089
4090                                 const char *argv[] = {
4091                                         "/sbin/chkconfig",
4092                                         NULL,
4093                                         NULL,
4094                                         NULL
4095                                 };
4096
4097                                 log_info("%s is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.", i->name);
4098
4099                                 argv[1] = file_name_from_path(sysv);
4100                                 argv[2] =
4101                                         streq(verb, "enable") ? "on" :
4102                                         streq(verb, "disable") ? "off" : "--level=5";
4103
4104                                 log_info("Executing %s %s %s", argv[0], argv[1], strempty(argv[2]));
4105
4106                                 if ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
4107                                         log_error("Failed to fork: %m");
4108                                         free(sysv);
4109                                         return -errno;
4110                                 } else if (pid == 0) {
4111                                         execv(argv[0], (char**) argv);
4112                                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
4113                                 }
4114
4115                                 free(sysv);
4116
4117                                 if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0)
4118                                         return r;
4119
4120                                 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
4121
4122                                         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
4123                                                 return status.si_status == 0 ? 1 : 0;
4124
4125                                         if (status.si_status == 0)
4126                                                 n_symlinks ++;
4127
4128                                         return status.si_status == 0 ? 0 : -EINVAL;
4129
4130                                 } else
4131                                         return -EPROTO;
4132                         }
4133
4134                         free(sysv);
4135                 }
4136
4137 #endif
4138
4139                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
4140                 return -ENOENT;
4141         }
4142
4143         i->path = filename;
4144
4145         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
4146                 fclose(f);
4147                 return r;
4148         }
4149
4150         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->aliases);
4151         n_symlinks += strv_length(i->wanted_by);
4152
4153         fclose(f);
4154
4155         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
4156                 return r;
4157
4158         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
4159                 return r;
4160
4161         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
4162                 return r;
4163
4164         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
4165                 return r;
4166
4167         return 0;
4168 }
4169
4170 static char *get_config_path(void) {
4171
4172         if (arg_user && arg_global)
4173                 return strdup(USER_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
4174
4175         if (arg_user) {
4176                 char *p;
4177
4178                 if (user_config_home(&p) < 0)
4179                         return NULL;
4180
4181                 return p;
4182         }
4183
4184         return strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
4185 }
4186
4187 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
4188         DBusError error;
4189         int r;
4190         LookupPaths paths;
4191         char *config_path = NULL;
4192         unsigned j;
4193         InstallInfo *i;
4194         const char *verb = args[0];
4195
4196         dbus_error_init(&error);
4197
4198         zero(paths);
4199         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_user ? MANAGER_USER : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
4200                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
4201                 goto finish;
4202         }
4203
4204         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
4205                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
4206                 r = -ENOMEM;
4207                 goto finish;
4208         }
4209
4210         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4211         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
4212
4213         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
4214                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
4215                 r = -ENOMEM;
4216                 goto finish;
4217         }
4218
4219         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
4220                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
4221                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
4222                         r = -ENOMEM;
4223                         goto finish;
4224                 }
4225
4226         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
4227                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0) {
4228                         log_warning("Cannot install unit %s: %s", args[j], strerror(-r));
4229                         goto finish;
4230                 }
4231
4232         r = 0;
4233
4234         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
4235                 int q;
4236
4237                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
4238
4239                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
4240
4241                         if (q < 0) {
4242                                 if (r == 0)
4243                                         r = q;
4244                                 goto finish;
4245                         }
4246
4247                         /* In test mode and found something */
4248                         r = 1;
4249                         break;
4250                 }
4251         }
4252
4253         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
4254                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
4255         else {
4256                 if (n_symlinks <= 0)
4257                         log_warning("Unit files contain no applicable installation information. Ignoring.");
4258
4259                 if (bus &&
4260                     /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
4261                     !arg_no_reload &&
4262                     /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
4263                     !arg_global &&
4264                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
4265                     (arg_user || sd_booted() > 0) &&
4266                     /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
4267                     (arg_user || running_in_chroot() <= 0) ) {
4268                         int q;
4269
4270                         if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
4271                                 r = q;
4272                 }
4273         }
4274
4275 finish:
4276         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
4277         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
4278
4279         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
4280
4281         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
4282
4283         free(config_path);
4284
4285         return r;
4286 }
4287
4288 static int systemctl_help(void) {
4289
4290         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
4291                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
4292                "  -h --help           Show this help\n"
4293                "     --version        Show package version\n"
4294                "  -t --type=TYPE      List only units of a particular type\n"
4295                "  -p --property=NAME  Show only properties by this name\n"
4296                "  -a --all            Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
4297                "     --failed         Show only failed units\n"
4298                "     --full           Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
4299                "     --fail           When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
4300                "                      pending\n"
4301                "     --ignore-dependencies\n"
4302                "                      When queueing a new job, ignore all its dependencies\n"
4303                "     --kill-mode=MODE How to send signal\n"
4304                "     --kill-who=WHO   Who to send signal to\n"
4305                "  -s --signal=SIGNAL  Which signal to send\n"
4306                "  -H --host=[user@]host\n"
4307                "                      Show information for remote host\n"
4308                "  -P --privileged     Acquire privileges before execution\n"
4309                "  -q --quiet          Suppress output\n"
4310                "     --no-block       Do not wait until operation finished\n"
4311                "     --no-wall        Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4312                "     --no-reload      When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
4313                "                      configuration\n"
4314                "     --no-pager       Do not pipe output into a pager.\n"
4315                "     --no-ask-password\n"
4316                "                      Do not ask for system passwords\n"
4317                "     --order          When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
4318                "     --require        When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
4319                "     --system         Connect to system manager\n"
4320                "     --user           Connect to user service manager\n"
4321                "     --global         Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
4322                "  -f --force          When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
4323                "                      When shutting down, execute action immediately\n"
4324                "     --defaults       When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
4325                "Commands:\n"
4326                "  list-units                      List units\n"
4327                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
4328                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
4329                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
4330                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
4331                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
4332                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4333                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
4334                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
4335                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
4336                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
4337                "  kill [NAME...]                  Send signal to processes of a unit\n"
4338                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
4339                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
4340                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
4341                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
4342                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
4343                "                                  units\n"
4344                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
4345                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
4346                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
4347                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
4348                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
4349                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
4350                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
4351                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
4352                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
4353                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
4354                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
4355                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
4356                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
4357                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
4358                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
4359                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
4360                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n"
4361                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
4362                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
4363                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
4364                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
4365                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
4366                "  kexec                           Shut down and reboot the system with kexec\n"
4367                "  exit                            Ask for user instance termination\n",
4368                program_invocation_short_name);
4369
4370         return 0;
4371 }
4372
4373 static int halt_help(void) {
4374
4375         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4376                "%s the system.\n\n"
4377                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4378                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4379                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
4380                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4381                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4382                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
4383                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
4384                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4385                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
4386                program_invocation_short_name,
4387                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
4388                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
4389                                                "Halt");
4390
4391         return 0;
4392 }
4393
4394 static int shutdown_help(void) {
4395
4396         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
4397                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
4398                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4399                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
4400                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
4401                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
4402                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
4403                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
4404                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
4405                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
4406                program_invocation_short_name);
4407
4408         return 0;
4409 }
4410
4411 static int telinit_help(void) {
4412
4413         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4414                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4415                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4416                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4417                "Commands:\n"
4418                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4419                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4420                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4421                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4422                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4423                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4424                program_invocation_short_name);
4425
4426         return 0;
4427 }
4428
4429 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4430
4431         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4432                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4433                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4434                program_invocation_short_name);
4435
4436         return 0;
4437 }
4438
4439 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4440
4441         enum {
4442                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4443                 ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES,
4444                 ARG_VERSION,
4445                 ARG_USER,
4446                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4447                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4448                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4449                 ARG_NO_PAGER,
4450                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4451                 ARG_ORDER,
4452                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4453                 ARG_FULL,
4454                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4455                 ARG_DEFAULTS,
4456                 ARG_KILL_MODE,
4457                 ARG_KILL_WHO,
4458                 ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD,
4459                 ARG_FAILED
4460         };
4461
4462         static const struct option options[] = {
4463                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4464                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4465                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4466                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4467                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4468                 { "failed",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAILED    },
4469                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4470                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4471                 { "ignore-dependencies", no_argument, NULL, ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES },
4472                 { "user",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER      },
4473                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4474                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4475                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4476                 { "no-pager",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER  },
4477                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4478                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4479                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4480                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4481                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'           },
4482                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4483                 { "defaults",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
4484                 { "kill-mode", required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_MODE },
4485                 { "kill-who",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_KILL_WHO  },
4486                 { "signal",    required_argument, NULL, 's'           },
4487                 { "no-ask-password", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD },
4488                 { "host",      required_argument, NULL, 'H'           },
4489                 { "privileged",no_argument,       NULL, 'P'           },
4490                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4491         };
4492
4493         int c;
4494
4495         assert(argc >= 0);
4496         assert(argv);
4497
4498         /* Only when running as systemctl we ask for passwords */
4499         arg_ask_password = true;
4500
4501         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aqfs:H:P", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4502
4503                 switch (c) {
4504
4505                 case 'h':
4506                         systemctl_help();
4507                         return 0;
4508
4509                 case ARG_VERSION:
4510                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4511                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4512                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4513                         return 0;
4514
4515                 case 't':
4516                         arg_type = optarg;
4517                         break;
4518
4519                 case 'p': {
4520                         char **l;
4521
4522                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4523                                 return -ENOMEM;
4524
4525                         strv_free(arg_property);
4526                         arg_property = l;
4527
4528                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4529                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4530                          * empty. */
4531                         arg_all = true;
4532                         break;
4533                 }
4534
4535                 case 'a':
4536                         arg_all = true;
4537                         break;
4538
4539                 case ARG_FAIL:
4540                         arg_job_mode = "fail";
4541                         break;
4542
4543                 case ARG_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES:
4544                         arg_job_mode = "ignore-dependencies";
4545                         break;
4546
4547                 case ARG_USER:
4548                         arg_user = true;
4549                         break;
4550
4551                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4552                         arg_user = false;
4553                         break;
4554
4555                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4556                         arg_no_block = true;
4557                         break;
4558
4559                 case ARG_NO_PAGER:
4560                         arg_no_pager = true;
4561                         break;
4562
4563                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4564                         arg_no_wall = true;
4565                         break;
4566
4567                 case ARG_ORDER:
4568                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4569                         break;
4570
4571                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4572                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4573                         break;
4574
4575                 case ARG_FULL:
4576                         arg_full = true;
4577                         break;
4578
4579                 case ARG_FAILED:
4580                         arg_failed = true;
4581                         break;
4582
4583                 case 'q':
4584                         arg_quiet = true;
4585                         break;
4586
4587                 case 'f':
4588                         arg_force = true;
4589                         break;
4590
4591                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4592                         arg_no_reload = true;
4593                         break;
4594
4595                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4596                         arg_global = true;
4597                         arg_user = true;
4598                         break;
4599
4600                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
4601                         arg_defaults = true;
4602                         break;
4603
4604                 case ARG_KILL_WHO:
4605                         arg_kill_who = optarg;
4606                         break;
4607
4608                 case ARG_KILL_MODE:
4609                         arg_kill_mode = optarg;
4610                         break;
4611
4612                 case 's':
4613                         if ((arg_signal = signal_from_string_try_harder(optarg)) < 0) {
4614                                 log_error("Failed to parse signal string %s.", optarg);
4615                                 return -EINVAL;
4616                         }
4617                         break;
4618
4619                 case ARG_NO_ASK_PASSWORD:
4620                         arg_ask_password = false;
4621                         break;
4622
4623                 case 'P':
4624                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_POLKIT;
4625                         break;
4626
4627                 case 'H':
4628                         arg_transport = TRANSPORT_SSH;
4629                         arg_host = optarg;
4630                         break;
4631
4632                 case '?':
4633                         return -EINVAL;
4634
4635                 default:
4636                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4637                         return -EINVAL;
4638                 }
4639         }
4640
4641         if (arg_transport != TRANSPORT_NORMAL && arg_user) {
4642                 log_error("Cannot access user instance remotely.");
4643                 return -EINVAL;
4644         }
4645
4646         return 1;
4647 }
4648
4649 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4650
4651         enum {
4652                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4653                 ARG_HALT,
4654                 ARG_REBOOT,
4655                 ARG_NO_WALL
4656         };
4657
4658         static const struct option options[] = {
4659                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4660                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4661                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4662                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4663                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4664                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4665                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4666                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4667                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4668                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4669         };
4670
4671         int c, runlevel;
4672
4673         assert(argc >= 0);
4674         assert(argv);
4675
4676         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4677                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4678                         arg_immediate = true;
4679
4680         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4681                 switch (c) {
4682
4683                 case ARG_HELP:
4684                         halt_help();
4685                         return 0;
4686
4687                 case ARG_HALT:
4688                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4689                         break;
4690
4691                 case 'p':
4692                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4693                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4694                         break;
4695
4696                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4697                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4698                         break;
4699
4700                 case 'f':
4701                         arg_immediate = true;
4702                         break;
4703
4704                 case 'w':
4705                         arg_dry = true;
4706                         break;
4707
4708                 case 'd':
4709                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4710                         break;
4711
4712                 case 'n':
4713                         arg_no_sync = true;
4714                         break;
4715
4716                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4717                         arg_no_wall = true;
4718                         break;
4719
4720                 case 'i':
4721                 case 'h':
4722                         /* Compatibility nops */
4723                         break;
4724
4725                 case '?':
4726                         return -EINVAL;
4727
4728                 default:
4729                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4730                         return -EINVAL;
4731                 }
4732         }
4733
4734         if (optind < argc) {
4735                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4736                 return -EINVAL;
4737         }
4738
4739         return 1;
4740 }
4741
4742 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4743         assert(t);
4744         assert(_u);
4745
4746         if (streq(t, "now"))
4747                 *_u = 0;
4748         else if (t[0] == '+') {
4749                 uint64_t u;
4750
4751                 if (safe_atou64(t + 1, &u) < 0)
4752                         return -EINVAL;
4753
4754                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4755         } else {
4756                 char *e = NULL;
4757                 long hour, minute;
4758                 struct tm tm;
4759                 time_t s;
4760                 usec_t n;
4761
4762                 errno = 0;
4763                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4764                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4765                         return -EINVAL;
4766
4767                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4768                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4769                         return -EINVAL;
4770
4771                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4772                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4773
4774                 zero(tm);
4775                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4776
4777                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4778                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4779                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4780
4781                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4782
4783                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4784
4785                 while (*_u <= n)
4786                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4787         }
4788
4789         return 0;
4790 }
4791
4792 static bool kexec_loaded(void) {
4793        bool loaded = false;
4794        char *s;
4795
4796        if (read_one_line_file("/sys/kernel/kexec_loaded", &s) >= 0) {
4797                if (s[0] == '1')
4798                        loaded = true;
4799                free(s);
4800        }
4801        return loaded;
4802 }
4803
4804 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4805
4806         enum {
4807                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4808                 ARG_NO_WALL
4809         };
4810
4811         static const struct option options[] = {
4812                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4813                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4814                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4815                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4816                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4817                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4818         };
4819
4820         int c, r;
4821
4822         assert(argc >= 0);
4823         assert(argv);
4824
4825         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4826                 switch (c) {
4827
4828                 case ARG_HELP:
4829                         shutdown_help();
4830                         return 0;
4831
4832                 case 'H':
4833                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4834                         break;
4835
4836                 case 'P':
4837                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4838                         break;
4839
4840                 case 'r':
4841                         if (kexec_loaded())
4842                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
4843                         else
4844                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4845                         break;
4846
4847                 case 'h':
4848                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4849                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4850                         break;
4851
4852                 case 'k':
4853                         arg_dry = true;
4854                         break;
4855
4856                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4857                         arg_no_wall = true;
4858                         break;
4859
4860                 case 't':
4861                 case 'a':
4862                         /* Compatibility nops */
4863                         break;
4864
4865                 case 'c':
4866                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4867                         break;
4868
4869                 case '?':
4870                         return -EINVAL;
4871
4872                 default:
4873                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4874                         return -EINVAL;
4875                 }
4876         }
4877
4878         if (argc > optind) {
4879                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4880                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4881                         return r;
4882                 }
4883         } else
4884                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4885
4886         /* We skip the time argument */
4887         if (argc > optind + 1)
4888                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4889
4890         optind = argc;
4891
4892         return 1;
4893 }
4894
4895 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4896
4897         enum {
4898                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4899                 ARG_NO_WALL
4900         };
4901
4902         static const struct option options[] = {
4903                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4904                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4905                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4906         };
4907
4908         static const struct {
4909                 char from;
4910                 enum action to;
4911         } table[] = {
4912                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4913                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4914                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4915                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4916                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4917                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4918                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4919                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4920                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4921                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4922                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4923                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4924                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4925         };
4926
4927         unsigned i;
4928         int c;
4929
4930         assert(argc >= 0);
4931         assert(argv);
4932
4933         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4934                 switch (c) {
4935
4936                 case ARG_HELP:
4937                         telinit_help();
4938                         return 0;
4939
4940                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4941                         arg_no_wall = true;
4942                         break;
4943
4944                 case '?':
4945                         return -EINVAL;
4946
4947                 default:
4948                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4949                         return -EINVAL;
4950                 }
4951         }
4952
4953         if (optind >= argc) {
4954                 telinit_help();
4955                 return -EINVAL;
4956         }
4957
4958         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4959                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4960                 return -EINVAL;
4961         }
4962
4963         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4964                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4965                 return -EINVAL;
4966         }
4967
4968         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4969                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4970                         break;
4971
4972         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4973                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4974                 return -EINVAL;
4975         }
4976
4977         arg_action = table[i].to;
4978
4979         optind ++;
4980
4981         return 1;
4982 }
4983
4984 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4985
4986         enum {
4987                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4988         };
4989
4990         static const struct option options[] = {
4991                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4992                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4993         };
4994
4995         int c;
4996
4997         assert(argc >= 0);
4998         assert(argv);
4999
5000         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
5001                 switch (c) {
5002
5003                 case ARG_HELP:
5004                         runlevel_help();
5005                         return 0;
5006
5007                 case '?':
5008                         return -EINVAL;
5009
5010                 default:
5011                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
5012                         return -EINVAL;
5013                 }
5014         }
5015
5016         if (optind < argc) {
5017                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
5018                 return -EINVAL;
5019         }
5020
5021         return 1;
5022 }
5023
5024 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
5025         assert(argc >= 0);
5026         assert(argv);
5027
5028         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
5029
5030                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
5031                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
5032                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5033                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
5034                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
5035                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5036                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
5037                         if (kexec_loaded())
5038                                 arg_action = ACTION_KEXEC;
5039                         else
5040                                 arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
5041                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5042                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
5043                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
5044                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5045                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
5046
5047                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
5048                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
5049                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5050                         } else {
5051                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
5052                                  * running, we need to forward this
5053                                  * request to it. For now we simply
5054                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
5055
5056                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
5057
5058                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
5059                                 return -EIO;
5060                         }
5061
5062                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
5063                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
5064                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5065                 }
5066         }
5067
5068         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
5069         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
5070 }
5071
5072 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
5073
5074         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
5075                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
5076                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
5077                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
5078                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
5079                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
5080                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
5081                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
5082                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
5083         };
5084
5085         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
5086
5087         return table[arg_action];
5088 }
5089
5090 static int talk_upstart(void) {
5091         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
5092         DBusError error;
5093         int previous, rl, r;
5094         char
5095                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
5096                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
5097         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
5098         const char *emit = "runlevel";
5099         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
5100         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
5101         DBusConnection *bus;
5102
5103         dbus_error_init(&error);
5104
5105         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5106                 return 0;
5107
5108         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
5109                 previous = 'N';
5110
5111         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
5112                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
5113                         r = 0;
5114                         goto finish;
5115                 }
5116
5117                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5118                 r = -EIO;
5119                 goto finish;
5120         }
5121
5122         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
5123                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
5124                 goto finish;
5125         }
5126
5127         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
5128                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
5129                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
5130                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
5131                               "EmitEvent"))) {
5132
5133                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
5134                 r = -ENOMEM;
5135                 goto finish;
5136         }
5137
5138         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
5139
5140         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
5141         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
5142
5143         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
5144             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
5145             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
5146             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
5147             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
5148             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
5149                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
5150                 r = -ENOMEM;
5151                 goto finish;
5152         }
5153
5154         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
5155
5156                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
5157                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
5158                         goto finish;
5159                 }
5160
5161                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
5162                 r = -EIO;
5163                 goto finish;
5164         }
5165
5166         r = 0;
5167
5168 finish:
5169         if (m)
5170                 dbus_message_unref(m);
5171
5172         if (reply)
5173                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
5174
5175         if (bus) {
5176                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5177                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5178                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5179         }
5180
5181         dbus_error_free(&error);
5182
5183         return r;
5184 }
5185
5186 static int talk_initctl(void) {
5187         struct init_request request;
5188         int r, fd;
5189         char rl;
5190
5191         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
5192                 return 0;
5193
5194         zero(request);
5195         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
5196         request.sleeptime = 0;
5197         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
5198         request.runlevel = rl;
5199
5200         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
5201
5202                 if (errno == ENOENT)
5203                         return 0;
5204
5205                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5206                 return -errno;
5207         }
5208
5209         errno = 0;
5210         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
5211         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5212
5213         if (r < 0) {
5214                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
5215                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
5216         }
5217
5218         return 1;
5219 }
5220
5221 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
5222
5223         static const struct {
5224                 const char* verb;
5225                 const enum {
5226                         MORE,
5227                         LESS,
5228                         EQUAL
5229                 } argc_cmp;
5230                 const int argc;
5231                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
5232         } verbs[] = {
5233                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
5234                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
5235                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5236                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
5237                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
5238                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5239                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5240                 { "condstop",              MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5241                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5242                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5243                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5244                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5245                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
5246                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
5247                 { "condreload",            MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with ALTLinux */
5248                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
5249                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
5250                 { "kill",                  MORE,  2, kill_unit         },
5251                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5252                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
5253                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
5254                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
5255                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
5256                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
5257                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
5258                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
5259                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
5260                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5261                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
5262                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
5263                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5264                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
5265                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5266                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5267                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5268                 { "kexec",                 EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5269                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5270                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5271                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5272                 { "exit",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
5273                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
5274                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5275                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
5276                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
5277         };
5278
5279         int left;
5280         unsigned i;
5281
5282         assert(argc >= 0);
5283         assert(argv);
5284         assert(error);
5285
5286         left = argc - optind;
5287
5288         if (left <= 0)
5289                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
5290                 i = 0;
5291         else {
5292                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
5293                         systemctl_help();
5294                         return 0;
5295                 }
5296
5297                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
5298                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
5299                                 break;
5300
5301                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
5302                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
5303                         return -EINVAL;
5304                 }
5305         }
5306
5307         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
5308
5309         case EQUAL:
5310                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
5311                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
5312                         return -EINVAL;
5313                 }
5314
5315                 break;
5316
5317         case MORE:
5318                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
5319                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
5320                         return -EINVAL;
5321                 }
5322
5323                 break;
5324
5325         case LESS:
5326                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
5327                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
5328                         return -EINVAL;
5329                 }
5330
5331                 break;
5332
5333         default:
5334                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
5335         }
5336
5337         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
5338          * enable/disable */
5339         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
5340             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
5341             !bus) {
5342                 log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
5343                 return -EIO;
5344         }
5345
5346         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
5347 }
5348
5349 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool warn, const char *message) {
5350         int fd = -1;
5351         struct msghdr msghdr;
5352         struct iovec iovec;
5353         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
5354         struct shutdownd_command c;
5355
5356         zero(c);
5357         c.elapse = t;
5358         c.mode = mode;
5359         c.warn_wall = warn;
5360
5361         if (message)
5362                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
5363
5364         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
5365                 return -errno;
5366
5367         zero(sockaddr);
5368         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
5369         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
5370         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path, "/run/systemd/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path));
5371
5372         zero(iovec);
5373         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
5374         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
5375
5376         zero(msghdr);
5377         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
5378         msghdr.msg_namelen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + sizeof("/run/systemd/shutdownd") - 1;
5379
5380         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
5381         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
5382
5383         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
5384                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5385                 return -errno;
5386         }
5387
5388         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
5389         return 0;
5390 }
5391
5392 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5393
5394         if (bus) {
5395                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5396                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
5397                         return 0;
5398         }
5399
5400         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
5401         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
5402
5403         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
5404                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
5405                 return -errno;
5406         }
5407
5408         return 0;
5409 }
5410
5411 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
5412
5413         if (bus) {
5414                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
5415                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) >= 0)
5416                         goto done;
5417         }
5418
5419         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
5420          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
5421         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
5422                 goto done;
5423
5424         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
5425          * /dev/initctl */
5426         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
5427                 goto done;
5428
5429         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
5430         return -EIO;
5431
5432 done:
5433         warn_wall(arg_action);
5434         return 0;
5435 }
5436
5437 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
5438         int r;
5439
5440         if (geteuid() != 0) {
5441                 log_error("Must be root.");
5442                 return -EPERM;
5443         }
5444
5445         if (arg_when > 0) {
5446                 char *m;
5447                 char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
5448
5449                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
5450                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
5451                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
5452                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
5453                                                                    'r',
5454                                    !arg_no_wall,
5455                                    m);
5456                 free(m);
5457
5458                 if (r < 0)
5459                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
5460                 else {
5461                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
5462                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
5463                         return 0;
5464                 }
5465         }
5466
5467         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
5468                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
5469
5470         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
5471                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
5472                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
5473                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
5474                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
5475         }
5476
5477         if (!arg_no_sync)
5478                 sync();
5479
5480         if (arg_dry)
5481                 return 0;
5482
5483         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
5484          * point on... */
5485         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
5486
5487         switch (arg_action) {
5488
5489         case ACTION_HALT:
5490                 log_info("Halting.");
5491                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5492                 break;
5493
5494         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5495                 log_info("Powering off.");
5496                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5497                 break;
5498
5499         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5500                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5501                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5502                 break;
5503
5504         default:
5505                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5506         }
5507
5508         /* We should never reach this. */
5509         return -ENOSYS;
5510 }
5511
5512 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5513         int r, runlevel, previous;
5514
5515         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
5516                 printf("unknown\n");
5517                 return r;
5518         }
5519
5520         printf("%c %c\n",
5521                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5522                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5523
5524         return 0;
5525 }
5526
5527 static void pager_open(void) {
5528         int fd[2];
5529         const char *pager;
5530         pid_t parent_pid;
5531
5532         if (pager_pid > 0)
5533                 return;
5534
5535         if (!on_tty() || arg_no_pager)
5536                 return;
5537
5538         if ((pager = getenv("PAGER")))
5539                 if (!*pager || streq(pager, "cat"))
5540                         return;
5541
5542         /* Determine and cache number of columns before we spawn the
5543          * pager so that we get the value from the actual tty */
5544         columns();
5545
5546         if (pipe(fd) < 0) {
5547                 log_error("Failed to create pager pipe: %m");
5548                 return;
5549         }
5550
5551         parent_pid = getpid();
5552
5553         pager_pid = fork();
5554         if (pager_pid < 0) {
5555                 log_error("Failed to fork pager: %m");
5556                 close_pipe(fd);
5557                 return;
5558         }
5559
5560         /* In the child start the pager */
5561         if (pager_pid == 0) {
5562
5563                 dup2(fd[0], STDIN_FILENO);
5564                 close_pipe(fd);
5565
5566                 setenv("LESS", "FRSX", 0);
5567
5568                 /* Make sure the pager goes away when the parent dies */
5569                 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
5570                         _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5571
5572                 /* Check whether our parent died before we were able
5573                  * to set the death signal */
5574                 if (getppid() != parent_pid)
5575                         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
5576
5577                 if (pager) {
5578                         execlp(pager, pager, NULL);
5579                         execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", pager, NULL);
5580                 } else {
5581                         /* Debian's alternatives command for pagers is
5582                          * called 'pager'. Note that we do not call
5583                          * sensible-pagers here, since that is just a
5584                          * shell script that implements a logic that
5585                          * is similar to this one anyway, but is
5586                          * Debian-specific. */
5587                         execlp("pager", "pager", NULL);
5588
5589                         execlp("less", "less", NULL);
5590                         execlp("more", "more", NULL);
5591                 }
5592
5593                 log_error("Unable to execute pager: %m");
5594                 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5595         }
5596
5597         /* Return in the parent */
5598         if (dup2(fd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
5599                 log_error("Failed to duplicate pager pipe: %m");
5600
5601         close_pipe(fd);
5602 }
5603
5604 static void pager_close(void) {
5605         siginfo_t dummy;
5606
5607         if (pager_pid <= 0)
5608                 return;
5609
5610         /* Inform pager that we are done */
5611         fclose(stdout);
5612         kill(pager_pid, SIGCONT);
5613         wait_for_terminate(pager_pid, &dummy);
5614         pager_pid = 0;
5615 }
5616
5617 static void agent_close(void) {
5618         siginfo_t dummy;
5619
5620         if (agent_pid <= 0)
5621                 return;
5622
5623         /* Inform agent that we are done */
5624         kill(agent_pid, SIGTERM);
5625         kill(agent_pid, SIGCONT);
5626         wait_for_terminate(agent_pid, &dummy);
5627         agent_pid = 0;
5628 }
5629
5630 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5631         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5632         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5633         DBusError error;
5634
5635         dbus_error_init(&error);
5636
5637         log_parse_environment();
5638         log_open();
5639
5640         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
5641                 goto finish;
5642         else if (r == 0) {
5643                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5644                 goto finish;
5645         }
5646
5647         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5648          * let's shortcut this */
5649         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5650                 r = runlevel_main();
5651                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5652                 goto finish;
5653         }
5654
5655         if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_NORMAL)
5656                 bus_connect(arg_user ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5657         else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_POLKIT) {
5658                 bus_connect_system_polkit(&bus, &error);
5659                 private_bus = false;
5660         } else if (arg_transport == TRANSPORT_SSH) {
5661                 bus_connect_system_ssh(NULL, arg_host, &bus, &error);
5662                 private_bus = false;
5663         } else
5664                 assert_not_reached("Uh, invalid transport...");
5665
5666         switch (arg_action) {
5667
5668         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5669                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5670                 break;
5671
5672         case ACTION_HALT:
5673         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5674         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5675         case ACTION_KEXEC:
5676                 r = halt_main(bus);
5677                 break;
5678
5679         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5680         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5681         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5682         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5683         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5684         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5685         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5686                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5687                 break;
5688
5689         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5690         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5691                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5692                 break;
5693
5694         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5695                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, NULL);
5696                 break;
5697
5698         case ACTION_INVALID:
5699         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5700         default:
5701                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5702         }
5703
5704         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5705
5706 finish:
5707
5708         if (bus) {
5709                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5710                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5711                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5712         }
5713
5714         dbus_error_free(&error);
5715
5716         dbus_shutdown();
5717
5718         strv_free(arg_property);
5719
5720         pager_close();
5721         agent_close();
5722
5723         return retval;
5724 }