src/systemctl.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <getopt.h>
  25 #include <stdbool.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <errno.h>
  28 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  29 #include <termios.h>
  30 #include <unistd.h>
  31 #include <fcntl.h>
  32 #include <sys/socket.h>
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34
  35 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  36
  37 #include "log.h"
  38 #include "util.h"
  39 #include "macro.h"
  40 #include "set.h"
  41 #include "utmp-wtmp.h"
  42 #include "special.h"
  43 #include "initreq.h"
  44 #include "strv.h"
  45 #include "dbus-common.h"
  46 #include "cgroup-show.h"
  47 #include "cgroup-util.h"
  48 #include "list.h"
  49 #include "path-lookup.h"
  50 #include "conf-parser.h"
  51 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  52 #include "shutdownd.h"
  53 #include "exit-status.h"
  54 #include "bus-errors.h"
  55 #include "build.h"
  56
  57 static const char *arg_type = NULL;
  58 static char **arg_property = NULL;
  59 static bool arg_all = false;
  60 static bool arg_fail = false;
  61 static bool arg_session = false;
  62 static bool arg_global = false;
  63 static bool arg_immediate = false;
  64 static bool arg_no_block = false;
  65 static bool arg_no_wtmp = false;
  66 static bool arg_no_sync = false;
  67 static bool arg_no_wall = false;
  68 static bool arg_no_reload = false;
  69 static bool arg_dry = false;
  70 static bool arg_quiet = false;
  71 static bool arg_full = false;
  72 static bool arg_force = false;
  73 static bool arg_defaults = false;
  74 static char **arg_wall = NULL;
  75 static usec_t arg_when = 0;
  76 static enum action {
  77         ACTION_INVALID,
  78         ACTION_SYSTEMCTL,
  79         ACTION_HALT,
  80         ACTION_POWEROFF,
  81         ACTION_REBOOT,
  82         ACTION_RUNLEVEL2,
  83         ACTION_RUNLEVEL3,
  84         ACTION_RUNLEVEL4,
  85         ACTION_RUNLEVEL5,
  86         ACTION_RESCUE,
  87         ACTION_EMERGENCY,
  88         ACTION_DEFAULT,
  89         ACTION_RELOAD,
  90         ACTION_REEXEC,
  91         ACTION_RUNLEVEL,
  92         ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN,
  93         _ACTION_MAX
  94 } arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
  95 static enum dot {
  96         DOT_ALL,
  97         DOT_ORDER,
  98         DOT_REQUIRE
  99 } arg_dot = DOT_ALL;
 100
 101 static bool private_bus = false;
 102
 103 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
 104
 105 static bool on_tty(void) {
 106         static int t = -1;
 107
 108         if (_unlikely_(t < 0))
 109                 t = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
 110
 111         return t;
 112 }
 113
 114 static const char *ansi_highlight(bool b) {
 115
 116         if (!on_tty())
 117                 return "";
 118
 119         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 120 }
 121
 122 static const char *ansi_highlight_green(bool b) {
 123
 124         if (!on_tty())
 125                 return "";
 126
 127         return b ? ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN_ON : ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF;
 128 }
 129
 130 static bool error_is_no_service(const DBusError *error) {
 131         assert(error);
 132
 133         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 134                 return false;
 135
 136         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_NAME_HAS_NO_OWNER))
 137                 return true;
 138
 139         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_SERVICE_UNKNOWN))
 140                 return true;
 141
 142         return startswith(error->name, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.");
 143 }
 144
 145 static int translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(int r, const DBusError *error) {
 146         assert(error);
 147
 148         if (!dbus_error_is_set(error))
 149                 return r;
 150
 151         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) ||
 152             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_ONLY_BY_DEPENDENCY) ||
 153             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION) ||
 154             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE))
 155                 return EXIT_NOPERMISSION;
 156
 157         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
 158                 return EXIT_NOTINSTALLED;
 159
 160         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE) ||
 161             dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED))
 162                 return EXIT_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
 163
 164         if (dbus_error_has_name(error, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED))
 165                 return EXIT_NOTCONFIGURED;
 166
 167         if (r != 0)
 168                 return r;
 169
 170         return EXIT_FAILURE;
 171 }
 172
 173 static int bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(DBusMessageIter *iter, int type, void *data, bool next) {
 174
 175         assert(iter);
 176         assert(data);
 177
 178         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter) != type)
 179                 return -EIO;
 180
 181         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, data);
 182
 183         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(iter) != !next)
 184                 return -EIO;
 185
 186         return 0;
 187 }
 188
 189 static void warn_wall(enum action action) {
 190         static const char *table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
 191                 [ACTION_HALT]      = "The system is going down for system halt NOW!",
 192                 [ACTION_REBOOT]    = "The system is going down for reboot NOW!",
 193                 [ACTION_POWEROFF]  = "The system is going down for power-off NOW!",
 194                 [ACTION_RESCUE]    = "The system is going down to rescue mode NOW!",
 195                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = "The system is going down to emergency mode NOW!"
 196         };
 197
 198         if (arg_no_wall)
 199                 return;
 200
 201         if (arg_wall) {
 202                 char *p;
 203
 204                 if (!(p = strv_join(arg_wall, " "))) {
 205                         log_error("Failed to join strings.");
 206                         return;
 207                 }
 208
 209                 if (*p) {
 210                         utmp_wall(p);
 211                         free(p);
 212                         return;
 213                 }
 214
 215                 free(p);
 216         }
 217
 218         if (!table[action])
 219                 return;
 220
 221         utmp_wall(table[action]);
 222 }
 223
 224 struct unit_info {
 225         const char *id;
 226         const char *description;
 227         const char *load_state;
 228         const char *active_state;
 229         const char *sub_state;
 230         const char *following;
 231         const char *unit_path;
 232         uint32_t job_id;
 233         const char *job_type;
 234         const char *job_path;
 235 };
 236
 237 static int compare_unit_info(const void *a, const void *b) {
 238         const char *d1, *d2;
 239         const struct unit_info *u = a, *v = b;
 240
 241         d1 = strrchr(u->id, '.');
 242         d2 = strrchr(v->id, '.');
 243
 244         if (d1 && d2) {
 245                 int r;
 246
 247                 if ((r = strcasecmp(d1, d2)) != 0)
 248                         return r;
 249         }
 250
 251         return strcasecmp(u->id, v->id);
 252 }
 253
 254 static bool output_show_job(const struct unit_info *u) {
 255         const char *dot;
 256
 257         return (!arg_type || ((dot = strrchr(u->id, '.')) &&
 258                               streq(dot+1, arg_type))) &&
 259                 (arg_all || !(streq(u->active_state, "inactive") || u->following[0]) || u->job_id > 0);
 260 }
 261
 262 static void output_units_list(const struct unit_info *unit_infos, unsigned c) {
 263         unsigned active_len, sub_len, job_len;
 264         const struct unit_info *u;
 265
 266         active_len = sizeof("ACTIVE")-1;
 267         sub_len = sizeof("SUB")-1;
 268         job_len = sizeof("JOB")-1;
 269
 270         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 271                 if (!output_show_job(u))
 272                         continue;
 273
 274                 active_len = MAX(active_len, strlen(u->active_state));
 275                 sub_len = MAX(sub_len, strlen(u->sub_state));
 276                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 277                         job_len = MAX(job_len, strlen(u->job_type));
 278         }
 279
 280         if (on_tty()) {
 281                 printf("%-25s %-6s %-*s %-*s %-*s", "UNIT", "LOAD",
 282                        active_len, "ACTIVE", sub_len, "SUB", job_len, "JOB");
 283                 if (columns() >= 80+12 || arg_full)
 284                         printf(" %s\n", "DESCRIPTION");
 285                 else
 286                         printf("\n");
 287         }
 288
 289         for (u = unit_infos; u < unit_infos + c; u++) {
 290                 char *e;
 291                 int a = 0, b = 0;
 292                 const char *on_loaded, *off_loaded;
 293                 const char *on_active, *off_active;
 294
 295                 if (!output_show_job(u))
 296                         continue;
 297
 298                 if (!streq(u->load_state, "loaded")) {
 299                         on_loaded = ansi_highlight(true);
 300                         off_loaded = ansi_highlight(false);
 301                 } else
 302                         on_loaded = off_loaded = "";
 303
 304                 if (streq(u->active_state, "failed")) {
 305                         on_active = ansi_highlight(true);
 306                         off_active = ansi_highlight(false);
 307                 } else
 308                         on_active = off_active = "";
 309
 310                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(u->id, 25, 33);
 311
 312                 printf("%-25s %s%-6s%s %s%-*s %-*s%s%n",
 313                        e ? e : u->id,
 314                        on_loaded, u->load_state, off_loaded,
 315                        on_active, active_len, u->active_state,
 316                        sub_len, u->sub_state, off_active,
 317                        &a);
 318
 319                 free(e);
 320
 321                 a -= strlen(on_loaded) + strlen(off_loaded);
 322                 a -= strlen(on_active) + strlen(off_active);
 323
 324                 if (u->job_id != 0)
 325                         printf(" %-*s", job_len, u->job_type);
 326                 else
 327                         b = 1 + job_len;
 328
 329                 if (a + b + 1 < columns()) {
 330                         if (u->job_id == 0)
 331                                 printf(" %-*s", job_len, "");
 332
 333                         if (arg_full)
 334                                 printf(" %s", u->description);
 335                         else
 336                                 printf(" %.*s", columns() - a - b - 1, u->description);
 337                 }
 338
 339                 fputs("\n", stdout);
 340         }
 341
 342         if (on_tty()) {
 343                 printf("\nLOAD   = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.\n"
 344                        "ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.\n"
 345                        "SUB    = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.\n"
 346                        "JOB    = Pending job for the unit.\n");
 347
 348                 if (arg_all)
 349                         printf("\n%u units listed.\n", c);
 350                 else
 351                         printf("\n%u units listed. Pass --all to see inactive units, too.\n", c);
 352         }
 353 }
 354
 355 static int list_units(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 356         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 357         DBusError error;
 358         int r;
 359         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 360         unsigned c = 0, n_units = 0;
 361         struct unit_info *unit_infos = NULL;
 362
 363         dbus_error_init(&error);
 364
 365         assert(bus);
 366
 367         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 368                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 369                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 370                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 371                               "ListUnits"))) {
 372                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 373                 return -ENOMEM;
 374         }
 375
 376         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 377                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 378                 r = -EIO;
 379                 goto finish;
 380         }
 381
 382         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 383             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 384             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 385                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 386                 r = -EIO;
 387                 goto finish;
 388         }
 389
 390         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 391
 392         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 393                 struct unit_info *u;
 394
 395                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 396                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 397                         r = -EIO;
 398                         goto finish;
 399                 }
 400
 401                 if (c >= n_units) {
 402                         struct unit_info *w;
 403
 404                         n_units = MAX(2*c, 16);
 405                         w = realloc(unit_infos, sizeof(struct unit_info) * n_units);
 406
 407                         if (!w) {
 408                                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit array.");
 409                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 410                                 goto finish;
 411                         }
 412
 413                         unit_infos = w;
 414                 }
 415
 416                 u = unit_infos+c;
 417
 418                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 419
 420                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->id, true) < 0 ||
 421                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->description, true) < 0 ||
 422                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->load_state, true) < 0 ||
 423                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->active_state, true) < 0 ||
 424                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 425                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->following, true) < 0 ||
 426                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->unit_path, true) < 0 ||
 427                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &u->job_id, true) < 0 ||
 428                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &u->job_type, true) < 0 ||
 429                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &u->job_path, false) < 0) {
 430                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 431                         r = -EIO;
 432                         goto finish;
 433                 }
 434
 435                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 436                 c++;
 437         }
 438
 439         qsort(unit_infos, c, sizeof(struct unit_info), compare_unit_info);
 440         output_units_list(unit_infos, c);
 441
 442         r = 0;
 443
 444 finish:
 445         if (m)
 446                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 447
 448         if (reply)
 449                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 450
 451         free(unit_infos);
 452
 453         dbus_error_free(&error);
 454
 455         return r;
 456 }
 457
 458 static int dot_one_property(const char *name, const char *prop, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
 459         static const char * const colors[] = {
 460                 "Requires",              "[color=\"black\"]",
 461                 "RequiresOverridable",   "[color=\"black\"]",
 462                 "Requisite",             "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 463                 "RequisiteOverridable",  "[color=\"darkblue\"]",
 464                 "Wants",                 "[color=\"darkgrey\"]",
 465                 "Conflicts",             "[color=\"red\"]",
 466                 "ConflictedBy",          "[color=\"red\"]",
 467                 "After",                 "[color=\"green\"]"
 468         };
 469
 470         const char *c = NULL;
 471         unsigned i;
 472
 473         assert(name);
 474         assert(prop);
 475         assert(iter);
 476
 477         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(colors); i += 2)
 478                 if (streq(colors[i], prop)) {
 479                         c = colors[i+1];
 480                         break;
 481                 }
 482
 483         if (!c)
 484                 return 0;
 485
 486         if (arg_dot != DOT_ALL)
 487                 if ((arg_dot == DOT_ORDER) != streq(prop, "After"))
 488                         return 0;
 489
 490         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
 491
 492         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
 493
 494                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
 495                         DBusMessageIter sub;
 496
 497                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
 498
 499                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 500                                 const char *s;
 501
 502                                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
 503                                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
 504                                 printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" %s;\n", name, s, c);
 505
 506                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 507                         }
 508
 509                         return 0;
 510                 }
 511         }
 512
 513         return 0;
 514 }
 515
 516 static int dot_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *name, const char *path) {
 517         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 518         const char *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit";
 519         int r;
 520         DBusError error;
 521         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
 522
 523         assert(bus);
 524         assert(path);
 525
 526         dbus_error_init(&error);
 527
 528         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 529                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 530                               path,
 531                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 532                               "GetAll"))) {
 533                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 534                 r = -ENOMEM;
 535                 goto finish;
 536         }
 537
 538         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 539                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 540                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 541                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 542                 r = -ENOMEM;
 543                 goto finish;
 544         }
 545
 546         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 547                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 548                 r = -EIO;
 549                 goto finish;
 550         }
 551
 552         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 553             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 554             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
 555                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 556                 r = -EIO;
 557                 goto finish;
 558         }
 559
 560         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 561
 562         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 563                 const char *prop;
 564
 565                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
 566                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 567                         r = -EIO;
 568                         goto finish;
 569                 }
 570
 571                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 572
 573                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &prop, true) < 0) {
 574                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 575                         r = -EIO;
 576                         goto finish;
 577                 }
 578
 579                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
 580                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 581                         r = -EIO;
 582                         goto finish;
 583                 }
 584
 585                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
 586
 587                 if (dot_one_property(name, prop, &sub3)) {
 588                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 589                         r = -EIO;
 590                         goto finish;
 591                 }
 592
 593                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 594         }
 595
 596         r = 0;
 597
 598 finish:
 599         if (m)
 600                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 601
 602         if (reply)
 603                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 604
 605         dbus_error_free(&error);
 606
 607         return r;
 608 }
 609
 610 static int dot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 611         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 612         DBusError error;
 613         int r;
 614         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 615
 616         dbus_error_init(&error);
 617
 618         assert(bus);
 619
 620         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 621                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 622                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 623                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 624                               "ListUnits"))) {
 625                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 626                 return -ENOMEM;
 627         }
 628
 629         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 630                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 631                 r = -EIO;
 632                 goto finish;
 633         }
 634
 635         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 636             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 637             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 638                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 639                 r = -EIO;
 640                 goto finish;
 641         }
 642
 643         printf("digraph systemd {\n");
 644
 645         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 646         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 647                 const char *id, *description, *load_state, *active_state, *sub_state, *following, *unit_path;
 648
 649                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 650                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 651                         r = -EIO;
 652                         goto finish;
 653                 }
 654
 655                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 656
 657                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id, true) < 0 ||
 658                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &description, true) < 0 ||
 659                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &load_state, true) < 0 ||
 660                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &active_state, true) < 0 ||
 661                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sub_state, true) < 0 ||
 662                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &following, true) < 0 ||
 663                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, true) < 0) {
 664                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 665                         r = -EIO;
 666                         goto finish;
 667                 }
 668
 669                 if ((r = dot_one(bus, id, unit_path)) < 0)
 670                         goto finish;
 671
 672                 /* printf("\t\"%s\";\n", id); */
 673                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 674         }
 675
 676         printf("}\n");
 677
 678         log_info("   Color legend: black     = Requires\n"
 679                  "                 dark blue = Requisite\n"
 680                  "                 dark grey = Wants\n"
 681                  "                 red       = Conflicts\n"
 682                  "                 green     = After\n");
 683
 684         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
 685                 log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
 686                            "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemctl dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
 687
 688         r = 0;
 689
 690 finish:
 691         if (m)
 692                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 693
 694         if (reply)
 695                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 696
 697         dbus_error_free(&error);
 698
 699         return r;
 700 }
 701
 702 static int list_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 703         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 704         DBusError error;
 705         int r;
 706         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
 707         unsigned k = 0;
 708
 709         dbus_error_init(&error);
 710
 711         assert(bus);
 712
 713         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 714                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 715                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 716                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 717                               "ListJobs"))) {
 718                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 719                 return -ENOMEM;
 720         }
 721
 722         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 723                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 724                 r = -EIO;
 725                 goto finish;
 726         }
 727
 728         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 729             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
 730             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)  {
 731                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 732                 r = -EIO;
 733                 goto finish;
 734         }
 735
 736         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 737
 738         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 739                 printf("%4s %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", "JOB", "UNIT", "TYPE", "STATE");
 740
 741         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
 742                 const char *name, *type, *state, *job_path, *unit_path;
 743                 uint32_t id;
 744                 char *e;
 745
 746                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
 747                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 748                         r = -EIO;
 749                         goto finish;
 750                 }
 751
 752                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
 753
 754                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id, true) < 0 ||
 755                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0 ||
 756                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) < 0 ||
 757                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &state, true) < 0 ||
 758                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &job_path, true) < 0 ||
 759                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &unit_path, false) < 0) {
 760                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
 761                         r = -EIO;
 762                         goto finish;
 763                 }
 764
 765                 e = arg_full ? NULL : ellipsize(name, 25, 33);
 766                 printf("%4u %-25s %-15s %-7s\n", id, e ? e : name, type, state);
 767                 free(e);
 768
 769                 k++;
 770
 771                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
 772         }
 773
 774         if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
 775                 printf("\n%u jobs listed.\n", k);
 776
 777         r = 0;
 778
 779 finish:
 780         if (m)
 781                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 782
 783         if (reply)
 784                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 785
 786         dbus_error_free(&error);
 787
 788         return r;
 789 }
 790
 791 static int load_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 792         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 793         DBusError error;
 794         int r;
 795         unsigned i;
 796
 797         dbus_error_init(&error);
 798
 799         assert(bus);
 800         assert(args);
 801
 802         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 803
 804                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 805                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 806                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 807                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 808                                       "LoadUnit"))) {
 809                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 810                         r = -ENOMEM;
 811                         goto finish;
 812                 }
 813
 814                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 815                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
 816                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 817                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 818                         r = -ENOMEM;
 819                         goto finish;
 820                 }
 821
 822                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 823                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 824                         r = -EIO;
 825                         goto finish;
 826                 }
 827
 828                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 829                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 830
 831                 m = reply = NULL;
 832         }
 833
 834         r = 0;
 835
 836 finish:
 837         if (m)
 838                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 839
 840         if (reply)
 841                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 842
 843         dbus_error_free(&error);
 844
 845         return r;
 846 }
 847
 848 static int cancel_job(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
 849         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 850         DBusError error;
 851         int r;
 852         unsigned i;
 853
 854         dbus_error_init(&error);
 855
 856         assert(bus);
 857         assert(args);
 858
 859         if (n <= 1)
 860                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
 861
 862         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
 863                 unsigned id;
 864                 const char *path;
 865
 866                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 867                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 868                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 869                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 870                                       "GetJob"))) {
 871                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 872                         r = -ENOMEM;
 873                         goto finish;
 874                 }
 875
 876                 if ((r = safe_atou(args[i], &id)) < 0) {
 877                         log_error("Failed to parse job id: %s", strerror(-r));
 878                         goto finish;
 879                 }
 880
 881                 assert_cc(sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(id));
 882                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 883                                               DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
 884                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 885                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
 886                         r = -ENOMEM;
 887                         goto finish;
 888                 }
 889
 890                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 891                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 892                         r = -EIO;
 893                         goto finish;
 894                 }
 895
 896                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
 897                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 898                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 899                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 900                         r = -EIO;
 901                         goto finish;
 902                 }
 903
 904                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 905                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 906                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 907                                       path,
 908                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job",
 909                                       "Cancel"))) {
 910                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
 911                         r = -ENOMEM;
 912                         goto finish;
 913                 }
 914
 915                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 916                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
 917                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
 918                         r = -EIO;
 919                         goto finish;
 920                 }
 921
 922                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 923                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 924                 m = reply = NULL;
 925         }
 926
 927         r = 0;
 928
 929 finish:
 930         if (m)
 931                 dbus_message_unref(m);
 932
 933         if (reply)
 934                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
 935
 936         dbus_error_free(&error);
 937
 938         return r;
 939 }
 940
 941 static bool need_daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, const char *unit) {
 942         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
 943         dbus_bool_t b = FALSE;
 944         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
 945         const char
 946                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
 947                 *property = "NeedDaemonReload",
 948                 *path;
 949
 950         /* We ignore all errors here, since this is used to show a warning only */
 951
 952         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 953                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 954                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
 955                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
 956                               "GetUnit")))
 957                 goto finish;
 958
 959         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 960                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &unit,
 961                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 962                 goto finish;
 963
 964         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 965                 goto finish;
 966
 967         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, NULL,
 968                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
 969                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
 970                 goto finish;
 971
 972         dbus_message_unref(m);
 973         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
 974                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
 975                               path,
 976                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
 977                               "Get")))
 978                 goto finish;
 979
 980         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
 981                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
 982                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
 983                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
 984                 goto finish;
 985         }
 986
 987         dbus_message_unref(reply);
 988         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, NULL)))
 989                 goto finish;
 990
 991         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
 992             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)
 993                 goto finish;
 994
 995         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
 996
 997         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN)
 998                 goto finish;
 999
1000         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &b);
1001
1002 finish:
1003         if (m)
1004                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1005
1006         if (reply)
1007                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1008
1009         return b;
1010 }
1011
1012 typedef struct WaitData {
1013         Set *set;
1014         bool failed;
1015 } WaitData;
1016
1017 static DBusHandlerResult wait_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
1018         DBusError error;
1019         WaitData *d = data;
1020
1021         assert(connection);
1022         assert(message);
1023         assert(d);
1024
1025         dbus_error_init(&error);
1026
1027         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
1028                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
1029                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
1030                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
1031
1032         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
1033                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
1034                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
1035
1036         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
1037                 uint32_t id;
1038                 const char *path;
1039                 dbus_bool_t success = true;
1040
1041                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
1042                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
1043                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1044                                            DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &success,
1045                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
1046                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1047                 else {
1048                         char *p;
1049
1050                         if ((p = set_remove(d->set, (char*) path)))
1051                                 free(p);
1052
1053                         if (!success)
1054                                 d->failed = true;
1055                 }
1056         }
1057
1058         dbus_error_free(&error);
1059         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
1060 }
1061
1062 static int enable_wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus) {
1063         DBusError error;
1064
1065         assert(bus);
1066
1067         if (private_bus)
1068                 return 0;
1069
1070         dbus_error_init(&error);
1071         dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
1072                            "type='signal',"
1073                            "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
1074                            "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
1075                            "member='JobRemoved',"
1076                            "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
1077                            &error);
1078
1079         if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
1080                 log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1081                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1082                 return -EIO;
1083         }
1084
1085         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the match registrations. */
1086         return 0;
1087 }
1088
1089 static int wait_for_jobs(DBusConnection *bus, Set *s) {
1090         int r;
1091         WaitData d;
1092
1093         assert(bus);
1094         assert(s);
1095
1096         zero(d);
1097         d.set = s;
1098         d.failed = false;
1099
1100         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, wait_filter, &d, NULL)) {
1101                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
1102                 r = -ENOMEM;
1103                 goto finish;
1104         }
1105
1106         while (!set_isempty(s) &&
1107                dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
1108                 ;
1109
1110         if (!arg_quiet && d.failed)
1111                 log_error("Job failed, see system logs for details.");
1112
1113         r = d.failed ? -EIO : 0;
1114
1115 finish:
1116         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter registration. */
1117
1118         return r;
1119 }
1120
1121 static int start_unit_one(
1122                 DBusConnection *bus,
1123                 const char *method,
1124                 const char *name,
1125                 const char *mode,
1126                 DBusError *error,
1127                 Set *s) {
1128
1129         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1130         const char *path;
1131         int r;
1132
1133         assert(bus);
1134         assert(method);
1135         assert(name);
1136         assert(mode);
1137         assert(error);
1138         assert(arg_no_block || s);
1139
1140         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1141                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1142                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1143                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1144                               method))) {
1145                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1146                 r = -ENOMEM;
1147                 goto finish;
1148         }
1149
1150         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1151                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
1152                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &mode,
1153                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1154                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1155                 r = -ENOMEM;
1156                 goto finish;
1157         }
1158
1159         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, error))) {
1160
1161                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(error)) {
1162                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
1163                          * legacy actions. */
1164                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
1165                         goto finish;
1166                 }
1167
1168                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1169                 r = -EIO;
1170                 goto finish;
1171         }
1172
1173         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, error,
1174                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1175                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1176                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(error));
1177                 r = -EIO;
1178                 goto finish;
1179         }
1180
1181         if (need_daemon_reload(bus, name))
1182                 log_warning("Unit file of created job changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.",
1183                             arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1184
1185         if (!arg_no_block) {
1186                 char *p;
1187
1188                 if (!(p = strdup(path))) {
1189                         log_error("Failed to duplicate path.");
1190                         r = -ENOMEM;
1191                         goto finish;
1192                 }
1193
1194                 if ((r = set_put(s, p)) < 0) {
1195                         free(p);
1196                         log_error("Failed to add path to set.");
1197                         goto finish;
1198                 }
1199         }
1200
1201         r = 0;
1202
1203 finish:
1204         if (m)
1205                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1206
1207         if (reply)
1208                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1209
1210         return r;
1211 }
1212
1213 static enum action verb_to_action(const char *verb) {
1214         if (streq(verb, "halt"))
1215                 return ACTION_HALT;
1216         else if (streq(verb, "poweroff"))
1217                 return ACTION_POWEROFF;
1218         else if (streq(verb, "reboot"))
1219                 return ACTION_REBOOT;
1220         else if (streq(verb, "rescue"))
1221                 return ACTION_RESCUE;
1222         else if (streq(verb, "emergency"))
1223                 return ACTION_EMERGENCY;
1224         else if (streq(verb, "default"))
1225                 return ACTION_DEFAULT;
1226         else
1227                 return ACTION_INVALID;
1228 }
1229
1230 static int start_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1231
1232         static const char * const table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
1233                 [ACTION_HALT] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
1234                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
1235                 [ACTION_REBOOT] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
1236                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
1237                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
1238                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
1239                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
1240                 [ACTION_RESCUE] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
1241                 [ACTION_EMERGENCY] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
1242                 [ACTION_DEFAULT] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET
1243         };
1244
1245         int r, ret = 0;
1246         unsigned i;
1247         const char *method, *mode, *one_name;
1248         Set *s = NULL;
1249         DBusError error;
1250
1251         dbus_error_init(&error);
1252
1253         assert(bus);
1254
1255         if (arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL) {
1256                 method =
1257                         streq(args[0], "stop")                  ? "StopUnit" :
1258                         streq(args[0], "reload")                ? "ReloadUnit" :
1259                         streq(args[0], "restart")               ? "RestartUnit" :
1260                         streq(args[0], "try-restart")           ||
1261                         streq(args[0], "condrestart")           ? "TryRestartUnit" :
1262                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-restart")     ? "ReloadOrRestartUnit" :
1263                         streq(args[0], "reload-or-try-restart") ||
1264                         streq(args[0], "force-reload")          ? "ReloadOrTryRestartUnit" :
1265                                                                   "StartUnit";
1266
1267                 mode =
1268                         (streq(args[0], "isolate") ||
1269                          streq(args[0], "rescue")  ||
1270                          streq(args[0], "emergency")) ? "isolate" :
1271                                              arg_fail ? "fail" :
1272                                                         "replace";
1273
1274                 one_name = table[verb_to_action(args[0])];
1275
1276         } else {
1277                 assert(arg_action < ELEMENTSOF(table));
1278                 assert(table[arg_action]);
1279
1280                 method = "StartUnit";
1281
1282                 mode = (arg_action == ACTION_EMERGENCY ||
1283                         arg_action == ACTION_RESCUE ||
1284                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 ||
1285                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 ||
1286                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 ||
1287                         arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL5) ? "isolate" : "replace";
1288
1289                 one_name = table[arg_action];
1290         }
1291
1292         if (!arg_no_block) {
1293                 if ((ret = enable_wait_for_jobs(bus)) < 0) {
1294                         log_error("Could not watch jobs: %s", strerror(-ret));
1295                         goto finish;
1296                 }
1297
1298                 if (!(s = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
1299                         log_error("Failed to allocate set.");
1300                         ret = -ENOMEM;
1301                         goto finish;
1302                 }
1303         }
1304
1305         if (one_name) {
1306                 if ((ret = start_unit_one(bus, method, one_name, mode, &error, s)) <= 0)
1307                         goto finish;
1308         } else {
1309                 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
1310                         if ((r = start_unit_one(bus, method, args[i], mode, &error, s)) != 0) {
1311                                 ret = translate_bus_error_to_exit_status(r, &error);
1312                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1313                         }
1314         }
1315
1316         if (!arg_no_block)
1317                 if ((r = wait_for_jobs(bus, s)) < 0) {
1318                         ret = r;
1319                         goto finish;
1320                 }
1321
1322 finish:
1323         if (s)
1324                 set_free_free(s);
1325
1326         dbus_error_free(&error);
1327
1328         return ret;
1329 }
1330
1331 static int start_special(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1332         int r;
1333
1334         assert(bus);
1335         assert(args);
1336
1337         r = start_unit(bus, args, n);
1338
1339         if (r >= 0)
1340                 warn_wall(verb_to_action(args[0]));
1341
1342         return r;
1343 }
1344
1345 static int check_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
1346         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
1347         const char
1348                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
1349                 *property = "ActiveState";
1350         int r = 3; /* According to LSB: "program is not running" */
1351         DBusError error;
1352         unsigned i;
1353
1354         assert(bus);
1355         assert(args);
1356
1357         dbus_error_init(&error);
1358
1359         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
1360                 const char *path = NULL;
1361                 const char *state;
1362                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
1363
1364                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1365                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1366                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
1367                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
1368                                       "GetUnit"))) {
1369                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1370                         r = -ENOMEM;
1371                         goto finish;
1372                 }
1373
1374                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1375                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
1376                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1377                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1378                         r = -ENOMEM;
1379                         goto finish;
1380                 }
1381
1382                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1383
1384                         /* Hmm, cannot figure out anything about this unit... */
1385                         if (!arg_quiet)
1386                                 puts("unknown");
1387
1388                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1389                         continue;
1390                 }
1391
1392                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
1393                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
1394                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1395                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1396                         r = -EIO;
1397                         goto finish;
1398                 }
1399
1400                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1401                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
1402                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
1403                                       path,
1404                                       "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
1405                                       "Get"))) {
1406                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
1407                         r = -ENOMEM;
1408                         goto finish;
1409                 }
1410
1411                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
1412                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
1413                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
1414                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
1415                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
1416                         r = -ENOMEM;
1417                         goto finish;
1418                 }
1419
1420                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1421                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
1422                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
1423                         r = -EIO;
1424                         goto finish;
1425                 }
1426
1427                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
1428                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
1429                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1430                         r = -EIO;
1431                         goto finish;
1432                 }
1433
1434                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
1435
1436                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
1437                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
1438                         r = -EIO;
1439                         goto finish;
1440                 }
1441
1442                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &state);
1443
1444                 if (!arg_quiet)
1445                         puts(state);
1446
1447                 if (streq(state, "active") || streq(state, "reloading"))
1448                         r = 0;
1449
1450                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1451                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1452                 m = reply = NULL;
1453         }
1454
1455 finish:
1456         if (m)
1457                 dbus_message_unref(m);
1458
1459         if (reply)
1460                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
1461
1462         dbus_error_free(&error);
1463
1464         return r;
1465 }
1466
1467 typedef struct ExecStatusInfo {
1468         char *path;
1469         char **argv;
1470
1471         bool ignore;
1472
1473         usec_t start_timestamp;
1474         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1475         pid_t pid;
1476         int code;
1477         int status;
1478
1479         LIST_FIELDS(struct ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1480 } ExecStatusInfo;
1481
1482 static void exec_status_info_free(ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1483         assert(i);
1484
1485         free(i->path);
1486         strv_free(i->argv);
1487         free(i);
1488 }
1489
1490 static int exec_status_info_deserialize(DBusMessageIter *sub, ExecStatusInfo *i) {
1491         uint64_t start_timestamp, exit_timestamp;
1492         DBusMessageIter sub2, sub3;
1493         const char*path;
1494         unsigned n;
1495         uint32_t pid;
1496         int32_t code, status;
1497         dbus_bool_t ignore;
1498
1499         assert(i);
1500         assert(i);
1501
1502         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT)
1503                 return -EIO;
1504
1505         dbus_message_iter_recurse(sub, &sub2);
1506
1507         if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, true) < 0)
1508                 return -EIO;
1509
1510         if (!(i->path = strdup(path)))
1511                 return -ENOMEM;
1512
1513         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
1514             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)
1515                 return -EIO;
1516
1517         n = 0;
1518         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1519         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1520                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1521                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1522                 n++;
1523         }
1524
1525
1526         if (!(i->argv = new0(char*, n+1)))
1527                 return -ENOMEM;
1528
1529         n = 0;
1530         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
1531         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
1532                 const char *s;
1533
1534                 assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub3) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
1535                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub3, &s);
1536                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub3);
1537
1538                 if (!(i->argv[n++] = strdup(s)))
1539                         return -ENOMEM;
1540         }
1541
1542         if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2) ||
1543             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &ignore, true) < 0 ||
1544             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &start_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1545             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &exit_timestamp, true) < 0 ||
1546             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &pid, true) < 0 ||
1547             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &code, true) < 0 ||
1548             bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_INT32, &status, false) < 0)
1549                 return -EIO;
1550
1551         i->ignore = ignore;
1552         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) start_timestamp;
1553         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) exit_timestamp;
1554         i->pid = (pid_t) pid;
1555         i->code = code;
1556         i->status = status;
1557
1558         return 0;
1559 }
1560
1561 typedef struct UnitStatusInfo {
1562         const char *id;
1563         const char *load_state;
1564         const char *active_state;
1565         const char *sub_state;
1566
1567         const char *description;
1568
1569         const char *path;
1570         const char *default_control_group;
1571
1572         usec_t inactive_exit_timestamp;
1573         usec_t active_enter_timestamp;
1574         usec_t active_exit_timestamp;
1575         usec_t inactive_enter_timestamp;
1576
1577         bool need_daemon_reload;
1578
1579         /* Service */
1580         pid_t main_pid;
1581         pid_t control_pid;
1582         const char *status_text;
1583         bool running:1;
1584 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1585         bool is_sysv:1;
1586 #endif
1587
1588         usec_t start_timestamp;
1589         usec_t exit_timestamp;
1590
1591         int exit_code, exit_status;
1592
1593         /* Socket */
1594         unsigned n_accepted;
1595         unsigned n_connections;
1596         bool accept;
1597
1598         /* Device */
1599         const char *sysfs_path;
1600
1601         /* Mount, Automount */
1602         const char *where;
1603
1604         /* Swap */
1605         const char *what;
1606
1607         LIST_HEAD(ExecStatusInfo, exec);
1608 } UnitStatusInfo;
1609
1610 static void print_status_info(UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1611         ExecStatusInfo *p;
1612         const char *on, *off, *ss;
1613         usec_t timestamp;
1614         char since1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_PRETTY_MAX], *s1;
1615         char since2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *s2;
1616
1617         assert(i);
1618
1619         /* This shows pretty information about a unit. See
1620          * print_property() for a low-level property printer */
1621
1622         printf("%s", strna(i->id));
1623
1624         if (i->description && !streq_ptr(i->id, i->description))
1625                 printf(" - %s", i->description);
1626
1627         printf("\n");
1628
1629         if (streq_ptr(i->load_state, "failed")) {
1630                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1631                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1632         } else
1633                 on = off = "";
1634
1635         if (i->path)
1636                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s (%s)\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off, i->path);
1637         else
1638                 printf("\t  Loaded: %s%s%s\n", on, strna(i->load_state), off);
1639
1640         ss = streq_ptr(i->active_state, i->sub_state) ? NULL : i->sub_state;
1641
1642         if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed")) {
1643                 on = ansi_highlight(true);
1644                 off = ansi_highlight(false);
1645         } else if (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active") || streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading")) {
1646                 on = ansi_highlight_green(true);
1647                 off = ansi_highlight_green(false);
1648         } else
1649                 on = off = "";
1650
1651         if (ss)
1652                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s (%s)%s",
1653                        on,
1654                        strna(i->active_state),
1655                        ss,
1656                        off);
1657         else
1658                 printf("\t  Active: %s%s%s",
1659                        on,
1660                        strna(i->active_state),
1661                        off);
1662
1663         timestamp = (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "active")      ||
1664                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "reloading"))   ? i->active_enter_timestamp :
1665                     (streq_ptr(i->active_state, "inactive")    ||
1666                      streq_ptr(i->active_state, "failed"))      ? i->inactive_enter_timestamp :
1667                     streq_ptr(i->active_state, "activating")    ? i->inactive_exit_timestamp :
1668                                                                   i->active_exit_timestamp;
1669
1670         s1 = format_timestamp_pretty(since1, sizeof(since1), timestamp);
1671         s2 = format_timestamp(since2, sizeof(since2), timestamp);
1672
1673         if (s1)
1674                 printf(" since [%s; %s]\n", s2, s1);
1675         else if (s2)
1676                 printf(" since [%s]\n", s2);
1677         else
1678                 printf("\n");
1679
1680         if (i->sysfs_path)
1681                 printf("\t  Device: %s\n", i->sysfs_path);
1682         else if (i->where)
1683                 printf("\t   Where: %s\n", i->where);
1684         else if (i->what)
1685                 printf("\t    What: %s\n", i->what);
1686
1687         if (i->accept)
1688                 printf("\tAccepted: %u; Connected: %u\n", i->n_accepted, i->n_connections);
1689
1690         LIST_FOREACH(exec, p, i->exec) {
1691                 char *t;
1692
1693                 /* Only show exited processes here */
1694                 if (p->code == 0)
1695                         continue;
1696
1697                 t = strv_join(p->argv, " ");
1698                 printf("\t Process: %u (%s, code=%s, ", p->pid, strna(t), sigchld_code_to_string(p->code));
1699                 free(t);
1700
1701                 if (p->code == CLD_EXITED) {
1702                         const char *c;
1703
1704                         printf("status=%i", p->status);
1705
1706 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1707                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1708 #else
1709                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(p->status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1710 #endif
1711                                 printf("/%s", c);
1712
1713                 } else
1714                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(p->status));
1715                 printf(")\n");
1716
1717                 if (i->main_pid == p->pid &&
1718                     i->start_timestamp == p->start_timestamp &&
1719                     i->exit_timestamp == p->start_timestamp)
1720                         /* Let's not show this twice */
1721                         i->main_pid = 0;
1722
1723                 if (p->pid == i->control_pid)
1724                         i->control_pid = 0;
1725         }
1726
1727         if (i->main_pid > 0 || i->control_pid > 0) {
1728                 printf("\t");
1729
1730                 if (i->main_pid > 0) {
1731                         printf("Main PID: %u", (unsigned) i->main_pid);
1732
1733                         if (i->running) {
1734                                 char *t = NULL;
1735                                 get_process_name(i->main_pid, &t);
1736                                 if (t) {
1737                                         printf(" (%s)", t);
1738                                         free(t);
1739                                 }
1740                         } else if (i->exit_code > 0) {
1741                                 printf(" (code=%s, ", sigchld_code_to_string(i->exit_code));
1742
1743                                 if (i->exit_code == CLD_EXITED) {
1744                                         const char *c;
1745
1746                                         printf("status=%i", i->exit_status);
1747
1748 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1749                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, i->is_sysv ? EXIT_STATUS_LSB : EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1750 #else
1751                                         if ((c = exit_status_to_string(i->exit_status, EXIT_STATUS_SYSTEMD)))
1752 #endif
1753                                                 printf("/%s", c);
1754
1755                                 } else
1756                                         printf("signal=%s", signal_to_string(i->exit_status));
1757                                 printf(")");
1758                         }
1759                 }
1760
1761                 if (i->main_pid > 0 && i->control_pid > 0)
1762                         printf(";");
1763
1764                 if (i->control_pid > 0) {
1765                         char *t = NULL;
1766
1767                         printf(" Control: %u", (unsigned) i->control_pid);
1768
1769                         get_process_name(i->control_pid, &t);
1770                         if (t) {
1771                                 printf(" (%s)", t);
1772                                 free(t);
1773                         }
1774                 }
1775
1776                 printf("\n");
1777         }
1778
1779         if (i->status_text)
1780                 printf("\t  Status: \"%s\"\n", i->status_text);
1781
1782         if (i->default_control_group) {
1783                 unsigned c;
1784
1785                 printf("\t  CGroup: %s\n", i->default_control_group);
1786
1787                 if ((c = columns()) > 18)
1788                         c -= 18;
1789                 else
1790                         c = 0;
1791
1792                 show_cgroup_by_path(i->default_control_group, "\t\t  ", c);
1793         }
1794
1795         if (i->need_daemon_reload)
1796                 printf("\n%sWarning:%s Unit file changed on disk, 'systemctl %s daemon-reload' recommended.\n",
1797                        ansi_highlight(true),
1798                        ansi_highlight(false),
1799                        arg_session ? "--session" : "--system");
1800 }
1801
1802 static int status_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter, UnitStatusInfo *i) {
1803
1804         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1805
1806         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1807                 const char *s;
1808
1809                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1810
1811                 if (s[0]) {
1812                         if (streq(name, "Id"))
1813                                 i->id = s;
1814                         else if (streq(name, "LoadState"))
1815                                 i->load_state = s;
1816                         else if (streq(name, "ActiveState"))
1817                                 i->active_state = s;
1818                         else if (streq(name, "SubState"))
1819                                 i->sub_state = s;
1820                         else if (streq(name, "Description"))
1821                                 i->description = s;
1822                         else if (streq(name, "FragmentPath"))
1823                                 i->path = s;
1824 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1825                         else if (streq(name, "SysVPath")) {
1826                                 i->is_sysv = true;
1827                                 i->path = s;
1828                         }
1829 #endif
1830                         else if (streq(name, "DefaultControlGroup"))
1831                                 i->default_control_group = s;
1832                         else if (streq(name, "StatusText"))
1833                                 i->status_text = s;
1834                         else if (streq(name, "SysFSPath"))
1835                                 i->sysfs_path = s;
1836                         else if (streq(name, "Where"))
1837                                 i->where = s;
1838                         else if (streq(name, "What"))
1839                                 i->what = s;
1840                 }
1841
1842                 break;
1843         }
1844
1845         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1846                 dbus_bool_t b;
1847
1848                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1849
1850                 if (streq(name, "Accept"))
1851                         i->accept = b;
1852                 else if (streq(name, "NeedDaemonReload"))
1853                         i->need_daemon_reload = b;
1854
1855                 break;
1856         }
1857
1858         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
1859                 uint32_t u;
1860
1861                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1862
1863                 if (streq(name, "MainPID")) {
1864                         if (u > 0) {
1865                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1866                                 i->running = true;
1867                         }
1868                 } else if (streq(name, "ControlPID"))
1869                         i->control_pid = (pid_t) u;
1870                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainPID")) {
1871                         if (u > 0)
1872                                 i->main_pid = (pid_t) u;
1873                 } else if (streq(name, "NAccepted"))
1874                         i->n_accepted = u;
1875                 else if (streq(name, "NConnections"))
1876                         i->n_connections = u;
1877
1878                 break;
1879         }
1880
1881         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
1882                 int32_t j;
1883
1884                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &j);
1885
1886                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainCode"))
1887                         i->exit_code = (int) j;
1888                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainStatus"))
1889                         i->exit_status = (int) j;
1890
1891                 break;
1892         }
1893
1894         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1895                 uint64_t u;
1896
1897                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1898
1899                 if (streq(name, "ExecMainStartTimestamp"))
1900                         i->start_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1901                 else if (streq(name, "ExecMainExitTimestamp"))
1902                         i->exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1903                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveEnterTimestamp"))
1904                         i->active_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1905                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveEnterTimestamp"))
1906                         i->inactive_enter_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1907                 else if (streq(name, "InactiveExitTimestamp"))
1908                         i->inactive_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1909                 else if (streq(name, "ActiveExitTimestamp"))
1910                         i->active_exit_timestamp = (usec_t) u;
1911
1912                 break;
1913         }
1914
1915         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY: {
1916
1917                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT &&
1918                     startswith(name, "Exec")) {
1919                         DBusMessageIter sub;
1920
1921                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
1922                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
1923                                 ExecStatusInfo *info;
1924                                 int r;
1925
1926                                 if (!(info = new0(ExecStatusInfo, 1)))
1927                                         return -ENOMEM;
1928
1929                                 if ((r = exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, info)) < 0) {
1930                                         free(info);
1931                                         return r;
1932                                 }
1933
1934                                 LIST_PREPEND(ExecStatusInfo, exec, i->exec, info);
1935
1936                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
1937                         }
1938                 }
1939
1940                 break;
1941         }
1942         }
1943
1944         return 0;
1945 }
1946
1947 static int print_property(const char *name, DBusMessageIter *iter) {
1948         assert(name);
1949         assert(iter);
1950
1951         /* This is a low-level property printer, see
1952          * print_status_info() for the nicer output */
1953
1954         if (arg_property && !strv_find(arg_property, name))
1955                 return 0;
1956
1957         switch (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(iter)) {
1958
1959         case DBUS_TYPE_STRING: {
1960                 const char *s;
1961                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &s);
1962
1963                 if (arg_all || s[0])
1964                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
1965
1966                 return 0;
1967         }
1968
1969         case DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN: {
1970                 dbus_bool_t b;
1971                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &b);
1972                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, yes_no(b));
1973
1974                 return 0;
1975         }
1976
1977         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT64: {
1978                 uint64_t u;
1979                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
1980
1981                 /* Yes, heuristics! But we can change this check
1982                  * should it turn out to not be sufficient */
1983
1984                 if (strstr(name, "Timestamp")) {
1985                         char timestamp[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], *t;
1986
1987                         if ((t = format_timestamp(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), u)) || arg_all)
1988                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, strempty(t));
1989                 } else if (strstr(name, "USec")) {
1990                         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1991
1992                         printf("%s=%s\n", name, format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), u));
1993                 } else
1994                         printf("%s=%llu\n", name, (unsigned long long) u);
1995
1996                 return 0;
1997         }
1998
1999         case DBUS_TYPE_UINT32: {
2000                 uint32_t u;
2001                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &u);
2002
2003                 if (strstr(name, "UMask") || strstr(name, "Mode"))
2004                         printf("%s=%04o\n", name, u);
2005                 else
2006                         printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2007
2008                 return 0;
2009         }
2010
2011         case DBUS_TYPE_INT32: {
2012                 int32_t i;
2013                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &i);
2014
2015                 printf("%s=%i\n", name, (int) i);
2016                 return 0;
2017         }
2018
2019         case DBUS_TYPE_DOUBLE: {
2020                 double d;
2021                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(iter, &d);
2022
2023                 printf("%s=%g\n", name, d);
2024                 return 0;
2025         }
2026
2027         case DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT: {
2028                 DBusMessageIter sub;
2029                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2030
2031                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 && streq(name, "Job")) {
2032                         uint32_t u;
2033
2034                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2035
2036                         if (u)
2037                                 printf("%s=%u\n", name, (unsigned) u);
2038                         else if (arg_all)
2039                                 printf("%s=\n", name);
2040
2041                         return 0;
2042                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING && streq(name, "Unit")) {
2043                         const char *s;
2044
2045                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2046
2047                         if (arg_all || s[0])
2048                                 printf("%s=%s\n", name, s);
2049
2050                         return 0;
2051                 }
2052
2053                 break;
2054         }
2055
2056         case DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY:
2057
2058                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
2059                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2060                         bool space = false;
2061
2062                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2063                         if (arg_all ||
2064                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2065                                 printf("%s=", name);
2066
2067                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2068                                         const char *s;
2069
2070                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRING);
2071                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &s);
2072                                         printf("%s%s", space ? " " : "", s);
2073
2074                                         space = true;
2075                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2076                                 }
2077
2078                                 puts("");
2079                         }
2080
2081                         return 0;
2082
2083                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE) {
2084                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2085
2086                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2087                         if (arg_all ||
2088                             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2089                                 printf("%s=", name);
2090
2091                                 while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2092                                         uint8_t u;
2093
2094                                         assert(dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_BYTE);
2095                                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &u);
2096                                         printf("%02x", u);
2097
2098                                         dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2099                                 }
2100
2101                                 puts("");
2102                         }
2103
2104                         return 0;
2105
2106                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Paths")) {
2107                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2108
2109                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2110                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2111                                 const char *type, *path;
2112
2113                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2114
2115                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &type, true) >= 0 &&
2116                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &path, false) >= 0)
2117                                         printf("%s=%s\n", type, path);
2118
2119                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2120                         }
2121
2122                         return 0;
2123
2124                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && streq(name, "Timers")) {
2125                         DBusMessageIter sub, sub2;
2126
2127                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2128                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2129                                 const char *base;
2130                                 uint64_t value, next_elapse;
2131
2132                                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2133
2134                                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &base, true) >= 0 &&
2135                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &value, true) >= 0 &&
2136                                     bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_UINT64, &next_elapse, false) >= 0) {
2137                                         char timespan1[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], timespan2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2138
2139                                         printf("%s={ value=%s ; next_elapse=%s }\n",
2140                                                base,
2141                                                format_timespan(timespan1, sizeof(timespan1), value),
2142                                                format_timespan(timespan2, sizeof(timespan2), next_elapse));
2143                                 }
2144
2145                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2146                         }
2147
2148                         return 0;
2149
2150                 } else if (dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(iter) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT && startswith(name, "Exec")) {
2151                         DBusMessageIter sub;
2152
2153                         dbus_message_iter_recurse(iter, &sub);
2154                         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) == DBUS_TYPE_STRUCT) {
2155                                 ExecStatusInfo info;
2156
2157                                 zero(info);
2158                                 if (exec_status_info_deserialize(&sub, &info) >= 0) {
2159                                         char timestamp1[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], timestamp2[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
2160                                         char *t;
2161
2162                                         t = strv_join(info.argv, " ");
2163
2164                                         printf("%s={ path=%s ; argv[]=%s ; ignore=%s ; start_time=[%s] ; stop_time=[%s] ; pid=%u ; code=%s ; status=%i%s%s }\n",
2165                                                name,
2166                                                strna(info.path),
2167                                                strna(t),
2168                                                yes_no(info.ignore),
2169                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp1, sizeof(timestamp1), info.start_timestamp)),
2170                                                strna(format_timestamp(timestamp2, sizeof(timestamp2), info.exit_timestamp)),
2171                                                (unsigned) info. pid,
2172                                                sigchld_code_to_string(info.code),
2173                                                info.status,
2174                                                info.code == CLD_EXITED ? "" : "/",
2175                                                strempty(info.code == CLD_EXITED ? NULL : signal_to_string(info.status)));
2176
2177                                         free(t);
2178                                 }
2179
2180                                 free(info.path);
2181                                 strv_free(info.argv);
2182
2183                                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2184                         }
2185
2186                         return 0;
2187                 }
2188
2189                 break;
2190         }
2191
2192         if (arg_all)
2193                 printf("%s=[unprintable]\n", name);
2194
2195         return 0;
2196 }
2197
2198 static int show_one(DBusConnection *bus, const char *path, bool show_properties, bool *new_line) {
2199         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2200         const char *interface = "";
2201         int r;
2202         DBusError error;
2203         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2, sub3;
2204         UnitStatusInfo info;
2205         ExecStatusInfo *p;
2206
2207         assert(bus);
2208         assert(path);
2209         assert(new_line);
2210
2211         zero(info);
2212         dbus_error_init(&error);
2213
2214         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2215                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2216                               path,
2217                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2218                               "GetAll"))) {
2219                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2220                 r = -ENOMEM;
2221                 goto finish;
2222         }
2223
2224         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2225                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2226                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2227                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2228                 r = -ENOMEM;
2229                 goto finish;
2230         }
2231
2232         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2233                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2234                 r = -EIO;
2235                 goto finish;
2236         }
2237
2238         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2239             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
2240             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY)  {
2241                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2242                 r = -EIO;
2243                 goto finish;
2244         }
2245
2246         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2247
2248         if (*new_line)
2249                 printf("\n");
2250
2251         *new_line = true;
2252
2253         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
2254                 const char *name;
2255
2256                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY) {
2257                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2258                         r = -EIO;
2259                         goto finish;
2260                 }
2261
2262                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
2263
2264                 if (bus_iter_get_basic_and_next(&sub2, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name, true) < 0) {
2265                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2266                         r = -EIO;
2267                         goto finish;
2268                 }
2269
2270                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2271                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2272                         r = -EIO;
2273                         goto finish;
2274                 }
2275
2276                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub2, &sub3);
2277
2278                 if (show_properties)
2279                         r = print_property(name, &sub3);
2280                 else
2281                         r = status_property(name, &sub3, &info);
2282
2283                 if (r < 0) {
2284                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2285                         r = -EIO;
2286                         goto finish;
2287                 }
2288
2289                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub);
2290         }
2291
2292         r = 0;
2293
2294         if (!show_properties)
2295                 print_status_info(&info);
2296
2297         if (!streq_ptr(info.active_state, "active") &&
2298             !streq_ptr(info.active_state, "reloading"))
2299                 /* According to LSB: "program not running" */
2300                 r = 3;
2301
2302         while ((p = info.exec)) {
2303                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecStatusInfo, exec, info.exec, p);
2304                 exec_status_info_free(p);
2305         }
2306
2307 finish:
2308         if (m)
2309                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2310
2311         if (reply)
2312                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2313
2314         dbus_error_free(&error);
2315
2316         return r;
2317 }
2318
2319 static int show(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2320         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2321         int r, ret = 0;
2322         DBusError error;
2323         unsigned i;
2324         bool show_properties, new_line = false;
2325
2326         assert(bus);
2327         assert(args);
2328
2329         dbus_error_init(&error);
2330
2331         show_properties = !streq(args[0], "status");
2332
2333         if (show_properties && n <= 1) {
2334                 /* If not argument is specified inspect the manager
2335                  * itself */
2336
2337                 ret = show_one(bus, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1", show_properties, &new_line);
2338                 goto finish;
2339         }
2340
2341         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2342                 const char *path = NULL;
2343                 uint32_t id;
2344
2345                 if (safe_atou32(args[i], &id) < 0) {
2346
2347                         /* Interpret as unit name */
2348
2349                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2350                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2351                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2352                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2353                                               "LoadUnit"))) {
2354                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2355                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2356                                 goto finish;
2357                         }
2358
2359                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2360                                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2361                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2362                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2363                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2364                                 goto finish;
2365                         }
2366
2367                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2368
2369                                 if (!dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
2370                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2371                                         ret = -EIO;
2372                                         goto finish;
2373                                 }
2374
2375                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
2376
2377                                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2378                                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2379                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2380                                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2381                                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2382                                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2383                                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2384                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2385                                         goto finish;
2386                                 }
2387
2388                                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2389                                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2390                                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2391                                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2392                                         ret = -ENOMEM;
2393                                         goto finish;
2394                                 }
2395
2396                                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2397                                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2398
2399                                         if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_UNIT))
2400                                                 ret = 4; /* According to LSB: "program or service status is unknown" */
2401                                         else
2402                                                 ret = -EIO;
2403                                         goto finish;
2404                                 }
2405                         }
2406
2407                 } else if (show_properties) {
2408
2409                         /* Interpret as job id */
2410
2411                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2412                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2413                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2414                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2415                                               "GetJob"))) {
2416                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2417                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2418                                 goto finish;
2419                         }
2420
2421                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2422                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2423                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2424                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2425                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2426                                 goto finish;
2427                         }
2428
2429                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2430                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2431                                 ret = -EIO;
2432                                 goto finish;
2433                         }
2434                 } else {
2435
2436                         /* Interpret as PID */
2437
2438                         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2439                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2440                                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2441                                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2442                                               "GetUnitByPID"))) {
2443                                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2444                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2445                                 goto finish;
2446                         }
2447
2448                         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2449                                                       DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2450                                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2451                                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2452                                 ret = -ENOMEM;
2453                                 goto finish;
2454                         }
2455
2456                         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2457                                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2458                                 ret = -EIO;
2459                                 goto finish;
2460                         }
2461                 }
2462
2463                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2464                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2465                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2466                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2467                         ret = -EIO;
2468                         goto finish;
2469                 }
2470
2471                 if ((r = show_one(bus, path, show_properties, &new_line)) != 0)
2472                         ret = r;
2473
2474                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2475                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2476                 m = reply = NULL;
2477         }
2478
2479 finish:
2480         if (m)
2481                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2482
2483         if (reply)
2484                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2485
2486         dbus_error_free(&error);
2487
2488         return ret;
2489 }
2490
2491 static DBusHandlerResult monitor_filter(DBusConnection *connection, DBusMessage *message, void *data) {
2492         DBusError error;
2493         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2494
2495         assert(connection);
2496         assert(message);
2497
2498         dbus_error_init(&error);
2499
2500         log_debug("Got D-Bus request: %s.%s() on %s",
2501                   dbus_message_get_interface(message),
2502                   dbus_message_get_member(message),
2503                   dbus_message_get_path(message));
2504
2505         if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, DBUS_INTERFACE_LOCAL, "Disconnected")) {
2506                 log_error("Warning! D-Bus connection terminated.");
2507                 dbus_connection_close(connection);
2508
2509         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitNew") ||
2510                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "UnitRemoved")) {
2511                 const char *id, *path;
2512
2513                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2514                                            DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &id,
2515                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2516                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2517                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2518                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "UnitNew"))
2519                         printf("Unit %s added.\n", id);
2520                 else
2521                         printf("Unit %s removed.\n", id);
2522
2523         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobNew") ||
2524                    dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager", "JobRemoved")) {
2525                 uint32_t id;
2526                 const char *path;
2527
2528                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2529                                            DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &id,
2530                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2531                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID))
2532                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2533                 else if (streq(dbus_message_get_member(message), "JobNew"))
2534                         printf("Job %u added.\n", id);
2535                 else
2536                         printf("Job %u removed.\n", id);
2537
2538
2539         } else if (dbus_message_is_signal(message, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "PropertiesChanged")) {
2540
2541                 const char *path, *interface, *property = "Id";
2542                 DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2543
2544                 path = dbus_message_get_path(message);
2545
2546                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(message, &error,
2547                                           DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2548                                           DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2549                         log_error("Failed to parse message: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2550                         goto finish;
2551                 }
2552
2553                 if (!streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Job") &&
2554                     !streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit"))
2555                         goto finish;
2556
2557                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2558                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2559                               path,
2560                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2561                               "Get"))) {
2562                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2563                         goto oom;
2564                 }
2565
2566                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2567                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2568                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2569                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2570                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2571                         goto finish;
2572                 }
2573
2574                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(connection, m, -1, &error))) {
2575                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2576                         goto finish;
2577                 }
2578
2579                 if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2580                     dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2581                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2582                         goto finish;
2583                 }
2584
2585                 dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2586
2587                 if (streq(interface, "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit")) {
2588                         const char *id;
2589
2590                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2591                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2592                                 goto finish;
2593                         }
2594
2595                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2596                         printf("Unit %s changed.\n", id);
2597                 } else {
2598                         uint32_t id;
2599
2600                         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_UINT32)  {
2601                                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2602                                 goto finish;
2603                         }
2604
2605                         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2606                         printf("Job %u changed.\n", id);
2607                 }
2608         }
2609
2610 finish:
2611         if (m)
2612                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2613
2614         if (reply)
2615                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2616
2617         dbus_error_free(&error);
2618         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NOT_YET_HANDLED;
2619
2620 oom:
2621         if (m)
2622                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2623
2624         if (reply)
2625                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2626
2627         dbus_error_free(&error);
2628         return DBUS_HANDLER_RESULT_NEED_MEMORY;
2629 }
2630
2631 static int monitor(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2632         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2633         DBusError error;
2634         int r;
2635
2636         dbus_error_init(&error);
2637
2638         if (!private_bus) {
2639                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2640                                    "type='signal',"
2641                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2642                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager',"
2643                                    "path='/org/freedesktop/systemd1'",
2644                                    &error);
2645
2646                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2647                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2648                         r = -EIO;
2649                         goto finish;
2650                 }
2651
2652                 dbus_bus_add_match(bus,
2653                                    "type='signal',"
2654                                    "sender='org.freedesktop.systemd1',"
2655                                    "interface='org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties',"
2656                                    "member='PropertiesChanged'",
2657                                    &error);
2658
2659                 if (dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
2660                         log_error("Failed to add match: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2661                         r = -EIO;
2662                         goto finish;
2663                 }
2664         }
2665
2666         if (!dbus_connection_add_filter(bus, monitor_filter, NULL, NULL)) {
2667                 log_error("Failed to add filter.");
2668                 r = -ENOMEM;
2669                 goto finish;
2670         }
2671
2672         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2673                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2674                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2675                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2676                               "Subscribe"))) {
2677                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2678                 r = -ENOMEM;
2679                 goto finish;
2680         }
2681
2682         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2683                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2684                 r = -EIO;
2685                 goto finish;
2686         }
2687
2688         while (dbus_connection_read_write_dispatch(bus, -1))
2689                 ;
2690
2691         r = 0;
2692
2693 finish:
2694
2695         /* This is slightly dirty, since we don't undo the filter or the matches. */
2696
2697         if (m)
2698                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2699
2700         if (reply)
2701                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2702
2703         dbus_error_free(&error);
2704
2705         return r;
2706 }
2707
2708 static int dump(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2709         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2710         DBusError error;
2711         int r;
2712         const char *text;
2713
2714         dbus_error_init(&error);
2715
2716         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2717                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2718                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2719                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2720                               "Dump"))) {
2721                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2722                 return -ENOMEM;
2723         }
2724
2725         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2726                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2727                 r = -EIO;
2728                 goto finish;
2729         }
2730
2731         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2732                                    DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &text,
2733                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2734                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2735                 r = -EIO;
2736                 goto finish;
2737         }
2738
2739         fputs(text, stdout);
2740
2741         r = 0;
2742
2743 finish:
2744         if (m)
2745                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2746
2747         if (reply)
2748                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2749
2750         dbus_error_free(&error);
2751
2752         return r;
2753 }
2754
2755 static int snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2756         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2757         DBusError error;
2758         int r;
2759         const char *name = "", *path, *id;
2760         dbus_bool_t cleanup = FALSE;
2761         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
2762         const char
2763                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
2764                 *property = "Id";
2765
2766         dbus_error_init(&error);
2767
2768         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2769                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2770                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2771                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2772                               "CreateSnapshot"))) {
2773                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2774                 return -ENOMEM;
2775         }
2776
2777         if (n > 1)
2778                 name = args[1];
2779
2780         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2781                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &name,
2782                                       DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &cleanup,
2783                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2784                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2785                 r = -ENOMEM;
2786                 goto finish;
2787         }
2788
2789         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2790                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2791                 r = -EIO;
2792                 goto finish;
2793         }
2794
2795         if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2796                                    DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2797                                    DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2798                 log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2799                 r = -EIO;
2800                 goto finish;
2801         }
2802
2803         dbus_message_unref(m);
2804         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2805                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2806                               path,
2807                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
2808                               "Get"))) {
2809                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2810                 return -ENOMEM;
2811         }
2812
2813         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2814                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
2815                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
2816                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2817                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2818                 r = -ENOMEM;
2819                 goto finish;
2820         }
2821
2822         dbus_message_unref(reply);
2823         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2824                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2825                 r = -EIO;
2826                 goto finish;
2827         }
2828
2829         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
2830             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
2831                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2832                 r = -EIO;
2833                 goto finish;
2834         }
2835
2836         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
2837
2838         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
2839                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
2840                 r = -EIO;
2841                 goto finish;
2842         }
2843
2844         dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub, &id);
2845
2846         if (!arg_quiet)
2847                 puts(id);
2848         r = 0;
2849
2850 finish:
2851         if (m)
2852                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2853
2854         if (reply)
2855                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2856
2857         dbus_error_free(&error);
2858
2859         return r;
2860 }
2861
2862 static int delete_snapshot(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2863         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2864         int r;
2865         DBusError error;
2866         unsigned i;
2867
2868         assert(bus);
2869         assert(args);
2870
2871         dbus_error_init(&error);
2872
2873         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
2874                 const char *path = NULL;
2875
2876                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2877                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2878                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2879                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2880                                       "GetUnit"))) {
2881                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2882                         r = -ENOMEM;
2883                         goto finish;
2884                 }
2885
2886                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
2887                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i],
2888                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2889                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
2890                         r = -ENOMEM;
2891                         goto finish;
2892                 }
2893
2894                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2895                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2896                         r = -EIO;
2897                         goto finish;
2898                 }
2899
2900                 if (!dbus_message_get_args(reply, &error,
2901                                            DBUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH, &path,
2902                                            DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
2903                         log_error("Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2904                         r = -EIO;
2905                         goto finish;
2906                 }
2907
2908                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2909                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2910                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2911                                       path,
2912                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Snapshot",
2913                                       "Remove"))) {
2914                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2915                         r = -ENOMEM;
2916                         goto finish;
2917                 }
2918
2919                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2920                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2921                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2922                         r = -EIO;
2923                         goto finish;
2924                 }
2925
2926                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2927                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2928                 m = reply = NULL;
2929         }
2930
2931         r = 0;
2932
2933 finish:
2934         if (m)
2935                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2936
2937         if (reply)
2938                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
2939
2940         dbus_error_free(&error);
2941
2942         return r;
2943 }
2944
2945 static int daemon_reload(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
2946         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
2947         DBusError error;
2948         int r;
2949         const char *method;
2950
2951         dbus_error_init(&error);
2952
2953         if (arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD)
2954                 method = "Reload";
2955         else if (arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC)
2956                 method = "Reexecute";
2957         else {
2958                 assert(arg_action == ACTION_SYSTEMCTL);
2959
2960                 method =
2961                         streq(args[0], "clear-jobs")        ||
2962                         streq(args[0], "cancel")            ? "ClearJobs" :
2963                         streq(args[0], "daemon-reexec")     ? "Reexecute" :
2964                         streq(args[0], "reset-failed")      ? "ResetFailed" :
2965                         streq(args[0], "daemon-exit")       ? "Exit" :
2966                                                               "Reload";
2967         }
2968
2969         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
2970                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
2971                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
2972                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
2973                               method))) {
2974                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
2975                 return -ENOMEM;
2976         }
2977
2978         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
2979
2980                 if (arg_action != ACTION_SYSTEMCTL && error_is_no_service(&error)) {
2981                         /* There's always a fallback possible for
2982                          * legacy actions. */
2983                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
2984                         goto finish;
2985                 }
2986
2987                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
2988                 r = -EIO;
2989                 goto finish;
2990         }
2991
2992         r = 0;
2993
2994 finish:
2995         if (m)
2996                 dbus_message_unref(m);
2997
2998         if (reply)
2999                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3000
3001         dbus_error_free(&error);
3002
3003         return r;
3004 }
3005
3006 static int reset_failed(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3007         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3008         unsigned i;
3009         int r;
3010         DBusError error;
3011
3012         assert(bus);
3013         dbus_error_init(&error);
3014
3015         if (n <= 1)
3016                 return daemon_reload(bus, args, n);
3017
3018         for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
3019
3020                 if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3021                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3022                                       "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3023                                       "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3024                                       "ResetFailedUnit"))) {
3025                         log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3026                         r = -ENOMEM;
3027                         goto finish;
3028                 }
3029
3030                 if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3031                                               DBUS_TYPE_STRING, args + i,
3032                                               DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3033                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3034                         r = -ENOMEM;
3035                         goto finish;
3036                 }
3037
3038                 if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3039                         log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3040                         r = -EIO;
3041                         goto finish;
3042                 }
3043
3044                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3045                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3046                 m = reply = NULL;
3047         }
3048
3049         r = 0;
3050
3051 finish:
3052         if (m)
3053                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3054
3055         if (reply)
3056                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3057
3058         dbus_error_free(&error);
3059
3060         return r;
3061 }
3062
3063 static int show_enviroment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3064         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3065         DBusError error;
3066         DBusMessageIter iter, sub, sub2;
3067         int r;
3068         const char
3069                 *interface = "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3070                 *property = "Environment";
3071
3072         dbus_error_init(&error);
3073
3074         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3075                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3076                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3077                               "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties",
3078                               "Get"))) {
3079                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3080                 return -ENOMEM;
3081         }
3082
3083         if (!dbus_message_append_args(m,
3084                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &interface,
3085                                       DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &property,
3086                                       DBUS_TYPE_INVALID)) {
3087                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3088                 r = -ENOMEM;
3089                 goto finish;
3090         }
3091
3092         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3093                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3094                 r = -EIO;
3095                 goto finish;
3096         }
3097
3098         if (!dbus_message_iter_init(reply, &iter) ||
3099             dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&iter) != DBUS_TYPE_VARIANT)  {
3100                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3101                 r = -EIO;
3102                 goto finish;
3103         }
3104
3105         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&iter, &sub);
3106
3107         if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY ||
3108             dbus_message_iter_get_element_type(&sub) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING)  {
3109                 log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3110                 r = -EIO;
3111                 goto finish;
3112         }
3113
3114         dbus_message_iter_recurse(&sub, &sub2);
3115
3116         while (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_INVALID) {
3117                 const char *text;
3118
3119                 if (dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&sub2) != DBUS_TYPE_STRING) {
3120                         log_error("Failed to parse reply.");
3121                         r = -EIO;
3122                         goto finish;
3123                 }
3124
3125                 dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&sub2, &text);
3126                 printf("%s\n", text);
3127
3128                 dbus_message_iter_next(&sub2);
3129         }
3130
3131         r = 0;
3132
3133 finish:
3134         if (m)
3135                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3136
3137         if (reply)
3138                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3139
3140         dbus_error_free(&error);
3141
3142         return r;
3143 }
3144
3145 static int set_environment(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3146         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
3147         DBusError error;
3148         int r;
3149         const char *method;
3150         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
3151         unsigned i;
3152
3153         dbus_error_init(&error);
3154
3155         method = streq(args[0], "set-environment")
3156                 ? "SetEnvironment"
3157                 : "UnsetEnvironment";
3158
3159         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
3160                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
3161                               "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
3162                               "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
3163                               method))) {
3164
3165                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
3166                 return -ENOMEM;
3167         }
3168
3169         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
3170
3171         if (!dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub)) {
3172                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3173                 r = -ENOMEM;
3174                 goto finish;
3175         }
3176
3177         for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
3178                 if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &args[i])) {
3179                         log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3180                         r = -ENOMEM;
3181                         goto finish;
3182                 }
3183
3184         if (!dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub)) {
3185                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
3186                 r = -ENOMEM;
3187                 goto finish;
3188         }
3189
3190         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
3191                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
3192                 r = -EIO;
3193                 goto finish;
3194         }
3195
3196         r = 0;
3197
3198 finish:
3199         if (m)
3200                 dbus_message_unref(m);
3201
3202         if (reply)
3203                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
3204
3205         dbus_error_free(&error);
3206
3207         return r;
3208 }
3209
3210 typedef struct {
3211         char *name;
3212         char *path;
3213
3214         char **aliases;
3215         char **wanted_by;
3216 } InstallInfo;
3217
3218 static Hashmap *will_install = NULL, *have_installed = NULL;
3219 static Set *remove_symlinks_to = NULL;
3220
3221 static void install_info_free(InstallInfo *i) {
3222         assert(i);
3223
3224         free(i->name);
3225         free(i->path);
3226         strv_free(i->aliases);
3227         strv_free(i->wanted_by);
3228         free(i);
3229 }
3230
3231 static void install_info_hashmap_free(Hashmap *m) {
3232         InstallInfo *i;
3233
3234         while ((i = hashmap_steal_first(m)))
3235                 install_info_free(i);
3236
3237         hashmap_free(m);
3238 }
3239
3240 static bool unit_name_valid(const char *name) {
3241
3242         /* This is a minimal version of unit_name_valid() from
3243          * unit-name.c */
3244
3245         if (!*name)
3246                 return false;
3247
3248         if (ignore_file(name))
3249                 return false;
3250
3251         return true;
3252 }
3253
3254 static int install_info_add(const char *name) {
3255         InstallInfo *i;
3256         int r;
3257
3258         assert(will_install);
3259
3260         if (!unit_name_valid(name))
3261                 return -EINVAL;
3262
3263         if (hashmap_get(have_installed, name) ||
3264             hashmap_get(will_install, name))
3265                 return 0;
3266
3267         if (!(i = new0(InstallInfo, 1))) {
3268                 r = -ENOMEM;
3269                 goto fail;
3270         }
3271
3272         if (!(i->name = strdup(name))) {
3273                 r = -ENOMEM;
3274                 goto fail;
3275         }
3276
3277         if ((r = hashmap_put(will_install, i->name, i)) < 0)
3278                 goto fail;
3279
3280         return 0;
3281
3282 fail:
3283         if (i)
3284                 install_info_free(i);
3285
3286         return r;
3287 }
3288
3289 static int config_parse_also(
3290                 const char *filename,
3291                 unsigned line,
3292                 const char *section,
3293                 const char *lvalue,
3294                 const char *rvalue,
3295                 void *data,
3296                 void *userdata) {
3297
3298         char *w;
3299         size_t l;
3300         char *state;
3301
3302         assert(filename);
3303         assert(lvalue);
3304         assert(rvalue);
3305
3306         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
3307                 char *n;
3308                 int r;
3309
3310                 if (!(n = strndup(w, l)))
3311                         return -ENOMEM;
3312
3313                 r = install_info_add(n);
3314                 free(n);
3315
3316                 if (r < 0)
3317                         return r;
3318         }
3319
3320         return 0;
3321 }
3322
3323 static int mark_symlink_for_removal(const char *p) {
3324         char *n;
3325         int r;
3326
3327         assert(p);
3328         assert(path_is_absolute(p));
3329
3330         if (!remove_symlinks_to)
3331                 return 0;
3332
3333         if (!(n = strdup(p)))
3334                 return -ENOMEM;
3335
3336         path_kill_slashes(n);
3337
3338         if ((r = set_put(remove_symlinks_to, n)) < 0) {
3339                 free(n);
3340                 return r == -EEXIST ? 0 : r;
3341         }
3342
3343         return 0;
3344 }
3345
3346 static int remove_marked_symlinks_fd(int fd, const char *config_path, const char *root, bool *deleted) {
3347         int r = 0;
3348         DIR *d;
3349         struct dirent *de;
3350
3351         assert(fd >= 0);
3352         assert(root);
3353         assert(deleted);
3354
3355         if (!(d = fdopendir(fd))) {
3356                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3357                 return -errno;
3358         }
3359
3360         rewinddir(d);
3361
3362         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
3363                 bool is_dir = false, is_link = false;
3364
3365                 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
3366                         continue;
3367
3368                 if (de->d_type == DT_LNK)
3369                         is_link = true;
3370                 else if (de->d_type == DT_DIR)
3371                         is_dir = true;
3372                 else if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN) {
3373                         struct stat st;
3374
3375                         if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
3376                                 log_error("Failed to stat %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3377
3378                                 if (r == 0)
3379                                         r = -errno;
3380                                 continue;
3381                         }
3382
3383                         is_link = S_ISLNK(st.st_mode);
3384                         is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
3385                 } else
3386                         continue;
3387
3388                 if (is_dir) {
3389                         int nfd, q;
3390                         char *p;
3391
3392                         if ((nfd = openat(fd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0) {
3393                                 log_error("Failed to open %s/%s: %m", root, de->d_name);
3394
3395                                 if (r == 0)
3396                                         r = -errno;
3397                                 continue;
3398                         }
3399
3400                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3401                                 log_error("Failed to allocate directory string.");
3402                                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
3403                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3404                                 break;
3405                         }
3406
3407                         /* This will close nfd, regardless whether it succeeds or not */
3408                         q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(nfd, config_path, p, deleted);
3409                         free(p);
3410
3411                         if (r == 0)
3412                                 r = q;
3413
3414                 } else if (is_link) {
3415                         char *p, *dest, *c;
3416                         int q;
3417
3418                         if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", root, de->d_name) < 0) {
3419                                 log_error("Failed to allocate symlink string.");
3420                                 r = -ENOMEM;
3421                                 break;
3422                         }
3423
3424                         if ((q = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &dest)) < 0) {
3425                                 log_error("Cannot read symlink %s: %s", p, strerror(-q));
3426                                 free(p);
3427
3428                                 if (r == 0)
3429                                         r = q;
3430                                 continue;
3431                         }
3432
3433                         if ((c = canonicalize_file_name(dest))) {
3434                                 /* This might fail if the destination
3435                                  * is already removed */
3436
3437                                 free(dest);
3438                                 dest = c;
3439                         }
3440
3441                         path_kill_slashes(dest);
3442                         if (set_get(remove_symlinks_to, dest)) {
3443
3444                                 if (!arg_quiet)
3445                                         log_info("rm '%s'", p);
3446
3447                                 if (unlink(p) < 0) {
3448                                         log_error("Cannot unlink symlink %s: %m", p);
3449
3450                                         if (r == 0)
3451                                                 r = -errno;
3452                                 } else {
3453                                         rmdir_parents(p, config_path);
3454                                         path_kill_slashes(p);
3455
3456                                         if (!set_get(remove_symlinks_to, p)) {
3457
3458                                                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(p)) < 0) {
3459                                                         if (r == 0)
3460                                                                 r = q;
3461                                                 } else
3462                                                         *deleted = true;
3463                                         }
3464                                 }
3465                         }
3466
3467                         free(p);
3468                         free(dest);
3469                 }
3470         }
3471
3472         closedir(d);
3473
3474         return r;
3475 }
3476
3477 static int remove_marked_symlinks(const char *config_path) {
3478         int fd, r = 0;
3479         bool deleted;
3480
3481         assert(config_path);
3482
3483         if (set_size(remove_symlinks_to) <= 0)
3484                 return 0;
3485
3486         if ((fd = open(config_path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW)) < 0)
3487                 return -errno;
3488
3489         do {
3490                 int q, cfd;
3491                 deleted = false;
3492
3493                 if ((cfd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
3494                         r = -errno;
3495                         break;
3496                 }
3497
3498                 /* This takes possession of cfd and closes it */
3499                 if ((q = remove_marked_symlinks_fd(cfd, config_path, config_path, &deleted)) < 0) {
3500                         if (r == 0)
3501                                 r = q;
3502                 }
3503         } while (deleted);
3504
3505         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
3506
3507         return r;
3508 }
3509
3510 static int create_symlink(const char *verb, const char *old_path, const char *new_path) {
3511         int r;
3512
3513         assert(old_path);
3514         assert(new_path);
3515         assert(verb);
3516
3517         if (streq(verb, "enable")) {
3518                 char *dest;
3519
3520                 mkdir_parents(new_path, 0755);
3521
3522                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0) {
3523
3524                         if (!arg_quiet)
3525                                 log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3526
3527                         return 0;
3528                 }
3529
3530                 if (errno != EEXIST) {
3531                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3532                         return -errno;
3533                 }
3534
3535                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3536
3537                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3538                                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, file exists already and is not a symlink.", old_path, new_path);
3539                                 return -EEXIST;
3540                         }
3541
3542                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3543                         return r;
3544                 }
3545
3546                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3547                         free(dest);
3548                         return 0;
3549                 }
3550
3551                 if (!arg_force) {
3552                         log_error("Cannot link %s to %s, symlink exists already and points to %s.", old_path, new_path, dest);
3553                         free(dest);
3554                         return -EEXIST;
3555                 }
3556
3557                 free(dest);
3558                 unlink(new_path);
3559
3560                 if (!arg_quiet)
3561                         log_info("ln -s '%s' '%s'", old_path, new_path);
3562
3563                 if (symlink(old_path, new_path) >= 0)
3564                         return 0;
3565
3566                 log_error("Cannot link %s to %s: %m", old_path, new_path);
3567                 return -errno;
3568
3569         } else if (streq(verb, "disable")) {
3570                 char *dest;
3571
3572                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(old_path)) < 0)
3573                         return r;
3574
3575                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3576                         if (errno == ENOENT)
3577                                 return 0;
3578
3579                         if (errno == EINVAL) {
3580                                 log_warning("File %s not a symlink, ignoring.", old_path);
3581                                 return 0;
3582                         }
3583
3584                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3585                         return r;
3586                 }
3587
3588                 if (!streq(dest, old_path)) {
3589                         log_warning("File %s not a symlink to %s but points to %s, ignoring.", new_path, old_path, dest);
3590                         free(dest);
3591                         return 0;
3592                 }
3593
3594                 free(dest);
3595
3596                 if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(new_path)) < 0)
3597                         return r;
3598
3599                 if (!arg_quiet)
3600                         log_info("rm '%s'", new_path);
3601
3602                 if (unlink(new_path) >= 0)
3603                         return 0;
3604
3605                 log_error("Cannot unlink %s: %m", new_path);
3606                 return -errno;
3607
3608         } else if (streq(verb, "is-enabled")) {
3609                 char *dest;
3610
3611                 if ((r = readlink_and_make_absolute(new_path, &dest)) < 0) {
3612
3613                         if (errno == ENOENT || errno == EINVAL)
3614                                 return 0;
3615
3616                         log_error("readlink() failed: %s", strerror(-r));
3617                         return r;
3618                 }
3619
3620                 if (streq(dest, old_path)) {
3621                         free(dest);
3622                         return 1;
3623                 }
3624
3625                 return 0;
3626         }
3627
3628         assert_not_reached("Unknown action.");
3629 }
3630
3631 static int install_info_symlink_alias(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3632         char **s;
3633         char *alias_path = NULL;
3634         int r;
3635
3636         assert(verb);
3637         assert(i);
3638         assert(config_path);
3639
3640         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->aliases) {
3641
3642                 if (!unit_name_valid(*s)) {
3643                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3644                         r = -EINVAL;
3645                         goto finish;
3646                 }
3647
3648                 free(alias_path);
3649                 if (!(alias_path = path_make_absolute(*s, config_path))) {
3650                         log_error("Out of memory");
3651                         r = -ENOMEM;
3652                         goto finish;
3653                 }
3654
3655                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3656                         goto finish;
3657
3658                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3659                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3660         }
3661
3662         r = 0;
3663
3664 finish:
3665         free(alias_path);
3666
3667         return r;
3668 }
3669
3670 static int install_info_symlink_wants(const char *verb, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3671         char **s;
3672         char *alias_path = NULL;
3673         int r;
3674
3675         assert(verb);
3676         assert(i);
3677         assert(config_path);
3678
3679         STRV_FOREACH(s, i->wanted_by) {
3680                 if (!unit_name_valid(*s)) {
3681                         log_error("Invalid name %s.", *s);
3682                         r = -EINVAL;
3683                         goto finish;
3684                 }
3685
3686                 free(alias_path);
3687                 alias_path = NULL;
3688
3689                 if (asprintf(&alias_path, "%s/%s.wants/%s", config_path, *s, i->name) < 0) {
3690                         log_error("Out of memory");
3691                         r = -ENOMEM;
3692                         goto finish;
3693                 }
3694
3695                 if ((r = create_symlink(verb, i->path, alias_path)) != 0)
3696                         goto finish;
3697
3698                 if (streq(verb, "disable"))
3699                         rmdir_parents(alias_path, config_path);
3700         }
3701
3702         r = 0;
3703
3704 finish:
3705         free(alias_path);
3706
3707         return r;
3708 }
3709
3710 static int install_info_apply(const char *verb, LookupPaths *paths, InstallInfo *i, const char *config_path) {
3711
3712         const ConfigItem items[] = {
3713                 { "Alias",    config_parse_strv, &i->aliases,   "Install" },
3714                 { "WantedBy", config_parse_strv, &i->wanted_by, "Install" },
3715                 { "Also",     config_parse_also, NULL,          "Install" },
3716
3717                 { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
3718         };
3719
3720         char **p;
3721         char *filename = NULL;
3722         FILE *f = NULL;
3723         int r;
3724
3725         assert(paths);
3726         assert(i);
3727
3728         STRV_FOREACH(p, paths->unit_path) {
3729                 int fd;
3730
3731                 if (!(filename = path_make_absolute(i->name, *p))) {
3732                         log_error("Out of memory");
3733                         return -ENOMEM;
3734                 }
3735
3736                 /* Ensure that we don't follow symlinks */
3737                 if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOCTTY)) >= 0)
3738                         if ((f = fdopen(fd, "re")))
3739                                 break;
3740
3741                 if (errno == ELOOP) {
3742                         log_error("Refusing to operate on symlinks, please pass unit names or absolute paths to unit files.");
3743                         free(filename);
3744                         return -errno;
3745                 }
3746
3747                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
3748                         log_error("Failed to open %s: %m", filename);
3749                         free(filename);
3750                         return -errno;
3751                 }
3752
3753                 free(filename);
3754                 filename = NULL;
3755         }
3756
3757         if (!f) {
3758                 log_error("Couldn't find %s.", i->name);
3759                 return -ENOENT;
3760         }
3761
3762         i->path = filename;
3763
3764         if ((r = config_parse(filename, f, NULL, items, true, i)) < 0) {
3765                 fclose(f);
3766                 return r;
3767         }
3768
3769         fclose(f);
3770
3771         if ((r = install_info_symlink_alias(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3772                 return r;
3773
3774         if ((r = install_info_symlink_wants(verb, i, config_path)) != 0)
3775                 return r;
3776
3777         if ((r = mark_symlink_for_removal(filename)) < 0)
3778                 return r;
3779
3780         if ((r = remove_marked_symlinks(config_path)) < 0)
3781                 return r;
3782
3783         return 0;
3784 }
3785
3786 static char *get_config_path(void) {
3787
3788         if (arg_session && arg_global)
3789                 return strdup(SESSION_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3790
3791         if (arg_session) {
3792                 char *p;
3793
3794                 if (session_config_home(&p) < 0)
3795                         return NULL;
3796
3797                 return p;
3798         }
3799
3800         return strdup(SYSTEM_CONFIG_UNIT_PATH);
3801 }
3802
3803 static int enable_unit(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n) {
3804         DBusError error;
3805         int r;
3806         LookupPaths paths;
3807         char *config_path = NULL;
3808         unsigned j;
3809         InstallInfo *i;
3810         const char *verb = args[0];
3811
3812         dbus_error_init(&error);
3813
3814         zero(paths);
3815         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_session ? MANAGER_SESSION : MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0) {
3816                 log_error("Failed to determine lookup paths: %s", strerror(-r));
3817                 goto finish;
3818         }
3819
3820         if (!(config_path = get_config_path())) {
3821                 log_error("Failed to determine config path");
3822                 r = -ENOMEM;
3823                 goto finish;
3824         }
3825
3826         will_install = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3827         have_installed = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func);
3828
3829         if (!will_install || !have_installed) {
3830                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit sets.");
3831                 r = -ENOMEM;
3832                 goto finish;
3833         }
3834
3835         if (!arg_defaults && streq(verb, "disable"))
3836                 if (!(remove_symlinks_to = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
3837                         log_error("Failed to allocate symlink sets.");
3838                         r = -ENOMEM;
3839                         goto finish;
3840                 }
3841
3842         for (j = 1; j < n; j++)
3843                 if ((r = install_info_add(args[j])) < 0)
3844                         goto finish;
3845
3846         while ((i = hashmap_first(will_install))) {
3847                 int q;
3848
3849                 assert_se(hashmap_move_one(have_installed, will_install, i->name) == 0);
3850
3851                 if ((q = install_info_apply(verb, &paths, i, config_path)) != 0) {
3852
3853                         if (q < 0) {
3854                                 if (r == 0)
3855                                         r = q;
3856                                 goto finish;
3857                         }
3858
3859                         /* In test mode and found something */
3860                         r = 1;
3861                         break;
3862                 }
3863         }
3864
3865         if (streq(verb, "is-enabled"))
3866                 r = r > 0 ? 0 : -ENOENT;
3867         else if (bus &&
3868                  /* Don't try to reload anything if the user asked us to not do this */
3869                  !arg_no_reload &&
3870                  /* Don't try to reload anything when updating a unit globally */
3871                  !arg_global &&
3872                  /* Don't try to reload anything if we are called for system changes but the system wasn't booted with systemd */
3873                  (arg_session || sd_booted() > 0) &&
3874                  /* Don't try to reload anything if we are running in a chroot environment */
3875                  (arg_session || running_in_chroot() <= 0) ) {
3876                 int q;
3877
3878                 if ((q = daemon_reload(bus, args, n)) < 0)
3879                         r = q;
3880         }
3881
3882 finish:
3883         install_info_hashmap_free(will_install);
3884         install_info_hashmap_free(have_installed);
3885
3886         set_free_free(remove_symlinks_to);
3887
3888         lookup_paths_free(&paths);
3889
3890         free(config_path);
3891
3892         return r;
3893 }
3894
3895 static int systemctl_help(void) {
3896
3897         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
3898                "Send control commands to or query the systemd manager.\n\n"
3899                "  -h --help          Show this help\n"
3900                "     --version       Show package version\n"
3901                "  -t --type=TYPE     List only units of a particular type\n"
3902                "  -p --property=NAME Show only properties by this name\n"
3903                "  -a --all           Show all units/properties, including dead/empty ones\n"
3904                "     --full          Don't ellipsize unit names on output\n"
3905                "     --fail          When queueing a new job, fail if conflicting jobs are\n"
3906                "                     pending\n"
3907                "  -q --quiet         Suppress output\n"
3908                "     --no-block      Do not wait until operation finished\n"
3909                "     --system        Connect to system bus\n"
3910                "     --session       Connect to session bus\n"
3911                "     --order         When generating graph for dot, show only order\n"
3912                "     --require       When generating graph for dot, show only requirement\n"
3913                "     --no-wall       Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3914                "     --global        Enable/disable unit files globally\n"
3915                "     --no-reload     When enabling/disabling unit files, don't reload daemon\n"
3916                "                     configuration\n"
3917                "     --force         When enabling unit files, override existing symlinks\n"
3918                "     --defaults      When disabling unit files, remove default symlinks only\n\n"
3919                "Commands:\n"
3920                "  list-units                      List units\n"
3921                "  start [NAME...]                 Start (activate) one or more units\n"
3922                "  stop [NAME...]                  Stop (deactivate) one or more units\n"
3923                "  reload [NAME...]                Reload one or more units\n"
3924                "  restart [NAME...]               Start or restart one or more units\n"
3925                "  try-restart [NAME...]           Restart one or more units if active\n"
3926                "  reload-or-restart [NAME...]     Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3927                "                                  otherwise start or restart\n"
3928                "  reload-or-try-restart [NAME...] Reload one or more units is possible,\n"
3929                "                                  otherwise restart if active\n"
3930                "  isolate [NAME]                  Start one unit and stop all others\n"
3931                "  is-active [NAME...]             Check whether units are active\n"
3932                "  status [NAME...|PID...]         Show runtime status of one or more units\n"
3933                "  show [NAME...|JOB...]           Show properties of one or more\n"
3934                "                                  units/jobs or the manager\n"
3935                "  reset-failed [NAME...]          Reset failed state for all, one, or more\n"
3936                "                                  units\n"
3937                "  enable [NAME...]                Enable one or more unit files\n"
3938                "  disable [NAME...]               Disable one or more unit files\n"
3939                "  is-enabled [NAME...]            Check whether unit files are enabled\n"
3940                "  load [NAME...]                  Load one or more units\n"
3941                "  list-jobs                       List jobs\n"
3942                "  cancel [JOB...]                 Cancel all, one, or more jobs\n"
3943                "  monitor                         Monitor unit/job changes\n"
3944                "  dump                            Dump server status\n"
3945                "  dot                             Dump dependency graph for dot(1)\n"
3946                "  snapshot [NAME]                 Create a snapshot\n"
3947                "  delete [NAME...]                Remove one or more snapshots\n"
3948                "  daemon-reload                   Reload systemd manager configuration\n"
3949                "  daemon-reexec                   Reexecute systemd manager\n"
3950                "  daemon-exit                     Ask the systemd manager to quit\n"
3951                "  show-environment                Dump environment\n"
3952                "  set-environment [NAME=VALUE...] Set one or more environment variables\n"
3953                "  unset-environment [NAME...]     Unset one or more environment variables\n"
3954                "  halt                            Shut down and halt the system\n"
3955                "  poweroff                        Shut down and power-off the system\n"
3956                "  reboot                          Shut down and reboot the system\n"
3957                "  rescue                          Enter system rescue mode\n"
3958                "  emergency                       Enter system emergency mode\n"
3959                "  default                         Enter system default mode\n",
3960                program_invocation_short_name);
3961
3962         return 0;
3963 }
3964
3965 static int halt_help(void) {
3966
3967         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
3968                "%s the system.\n\n"
3969                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3970                "     --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3971                "  -p --poweroff  Switch off the machine\n"
3972                "     --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3973                "  -f --force     Force immediate halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3974                "  -w --wtmp-only Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just write wtmp record\n"
3975                "  -d --no-wtmp   Don't write wtmp record\n"
3976                "  -n --no-sync   Don't sync before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3977                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n",
3978                program_invocation_short_name,
3979                arg_action == ACTION_REBOOT   ? "Reboot" :
3980                arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? "Power off" :
3981                                                "Halt");
3982
3983         return 0;
3984 }
3985
3986 static int shutdown_help(void) {
3987
3988         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [TIME] [WALL...]\n\n"
3989                "Shut down the system.\n\n"
3990                "     --help      Show this help\n"
3991                "  -H --halt      Halt the machine\n"
3992                "  -P --poweroff  Power-off the machine\n"
3993                "  -r --reboot    Reboot the machine\n"
3994                "  -h             Equivalent to --poweroff, overriden by --halt\n"
3995                "  -k             Don't halt/power-off/reboot, just send warnings\n"
3996                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n"
3997                "  -c             Cancel a pending shutdown\n",
3998                program_invocation_short_name);
3999
4000         return 0;
4001 }
4002
4003 static int telinit_help(void) {
4004
4005         printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND}\n\n"
4006                "Send control commands to the init daemon.\n\n"
4007                "     --help      Show this help\n"
4008                "     --no-wall   Don't send wall message before halt/power-off/reboot\n\n"
4009                "Commands:\n"
4010                "  0              Power-off the machine\n"
4011                "  6              Reboot the machine\n"
4012                "  2, 3, 4, 5     Start runlevelX.target unit\n"
4013                "  1, s, S        Enter rescue mode\n"
4014                "  q, Q           Reload init daemon configuration\n"
4015                "  u, U           Reexecute init daemon\n",
4016                program_invocation_short_name);
4017
4018         return 0;
4019 }
4020
4021 static int runlevel_help(void) {
4022
4023         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
4024                "Prints the previous and current runlevel of the init system.\n\n"
4025                "     --help      Show this help\n",
4026                program_invocation_short_name);
4027
4028         return 0;
4029 }
4030
4031 static int systemctl_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4032
4033         enum {
4034                 ARG_FAIL = 0x100,
4035                 ARG_VERSION,
4036                 ARG_SESSION,
4037                 ARG_SYSTEM,
4038                 ARG_GLOBAL,
4039                 ARG_NO_BLOCK,
4040                 ARG_NO_WALL,
4041                 ARG_ORDER,
4042                 ARG_REQUIRE,
4043                 ARG_FULL,
4044                 ARG_FORCE,
4045                 ARG_NO_RELOAD,
4046                 ARG_DEFAULTS
4047         };
4048
4049         static const struct option options[] = {
4050                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, 'h'           },
4051                 { "version",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION   },
4052                 { "type",      required_argument, NULL, 't'           },
4053                 { "property",  required_argument, NULL, 'p'           },
4054                 { "all",       no_argument,       NULL, 'a'           },
4055                 { "full",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FULL      },
4056                 { "fail",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FAIL      },
4057                 { "session",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SESSION   },
4058                 { "system",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM    },
4059                 { "global",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_GLOBAL    },
4060                 { "no-block",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_BLOCK  },
4061                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL   },
4062                 { "quiet",     no_argument,       NULL, 'q'           },
4063                 { "order",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_ORDER     },
4064                 { "require",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REQUIRE   },
4065                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_FORCE     },
4066                 { "no-reload", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_RELOAD },
4067                 { "defaults",  no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DEFAULTS  },
4068                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0             }
4069         };
4070
4071         int c;
4072
4073         assert(argc >= 0);
4074         assert(argv);
4075
4076         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "ht:p:aq", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4077
4078                 switch (c) {
4079
4080                 case 'h':
4081                         systemctl_help();
4082                         return 0;
4083
4084                 case ARG_VERSION:
4085                         puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
4086                         puts(DISTRIBUTION);
4087                         puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
4088                         return 0;
4089
4090                 case 't':
4091                         arg_type = optarg;
4092                         break;
4093
4094                 case 'p': {
4095                         char **l;
4096
4097                         if (!(l = strv_append(arg_property, optarg)))
4098                                 return -ENOMEM;
4099
4100                         strv_free(arg_property);
4101                         arg_property = l;
4102
4103                         /* If the user asked for a particular
4104                          * property, show it to him, even if it is
4105                          * empty. */
4106                         arg_all = true;
4107                         break;
4108                 }
4109
4110                 case 'a':
4111                         arg_all = true;
4112                         break;
4113
4114                 case ARG_FAIL:
4115                         arg_fail = true;
4116                         break;
4117
4118                 case ARG_SESSION:
4119                         arg_session = true;
4120                         break;
4121
4122                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
4123                         arg_session = false;
4124                         break;
4125
4126                 case ARG_NO_BLOCK:
4127                         arg_no_block = true;
4128                         break;
4129
4130                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4131                         arg_no_wall = true;
4132                         break;
4133
4134                 case ARG_ORDER:
4135                         arg_dot = DOT_ORDER;
4136                         break;
4137
4138                 case ARG_REQUIRE:
4139                         arg_dot = DOT_REQUIRE;
4140                         break;
4141
4142                 case ARG_FULL:
4143                         arg_full = true;
4144                         break;
4145
4146                 case 'q':
4147                         arg_quiet = true;
4148                         break;
4149
4150                 case ARG_FORCE:
4151                         arg_force = true;
4152                         break;
4153
4154                 case ARG_NO_RELOAD:
4155                         arg_no_reload = true;
4156                         break;
4157
4158                 case ARG_GLOBAL:
4159                         arg_global = true;
4160                         arg_session = true;
4161                         break;
4162
4163                 case ARG_DEFAULTS:
4164                         arg_defaults = true;
4165                         break;
4166
4167                 case '?':
4168                         return -EINVAL;
4169
4170                 default:
4171                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4172                         return -EINVAL;
4173                 }
4174         }
4175
4176         return 1;
4177 }
4178
4179 static int halt_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4180
4181         enum {
4182                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4183                 ARG_HALT,
4184                 ARG_REBOOT,
4185                 ARG_NO_WALL
4186         };
4187
4188         static const struct option options[] = {
4189                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4190                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HALT    },
4191                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'p'         },
4192                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, ARG_REBOOT  },
4193                 { "force",     no_argument,       NULL, 'f'         },
4194                 { "wtmp-only", no_argument,       NULL, 'w'         },
4195                 { "no-wtmp",   no_argument,       NULL, 'd'         },
4196                 { "no-sync",   no_argument,       NULL, 'n'         },
4197                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4198                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4199         };
4200
4201         int c, runlevel;
4202
4203         assert(argc >= 0);
4204         assert(argv);
4205
4206         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, NULL) >= 0)
4207                 if (runlevel == '0' || runlevel == '6')
4208                         arg_immediate = true;
4209
4210         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "pfwdnih", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4211                 switch (c) {
4212
4213                 case ARG_HELP:
4214                         halt_help();
4215                         return 0;
4216
4217                 case ARG_HALT:
4218                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4219                         break;
4220
4221                 case 'p':
4222                         if (arg_action != ACTION_REBOOT)
4223                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4224                         break;
4225
4226                 case ARG_REBOOT:
4227                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4228                         break;
4229
4230                 case 'f':
4231                         arg_immediate = true;
4232                         break;
4233
4234                 case 'w':
4235                         arg_dry = true;
4236                         break;
4237
4238                 case 'd':
4239                         arg_no_wtmp = true;
4240                         break;
4241
4242                 case 'n':
4243                         arg_no_sync = true;
4244                         break;
4245
4246                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4247                         arg_no_wall = true;
4248                         break;
4249
4250                 case 'i':
4251                 case 'h':
4252                         /* Compatibility nops */
4253                         break;
4254
4255                 case '?':
4256                         return -EINVAL;
4257
4258                 default:
4259                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4260                         return -EINVAL;
4261                 }
4262         }
4263
4264         if (optind < argc) {
4265                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4266                 return -EINVAL;
4267         }
4268
4269         return 1;
4270 }
4271
4272 static int parse_time_spec(const char *t, usec_t *_u) {
4273         assert(t);
4274         assert(_u);
4275
4276         if (streq(t, "now"))
4277                 *_u = 0;
4278         else if (t[0] == '+') {
4279                 uint64_t u;
4280
4281                 if (safe_atou64(t + 1, &u) < 0)
4282                         return -EINVAL;
4283
4284                 *_u = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE * u;
4285         } else {
4286                 char *e = NULL;
4287                 long hour, minute;
4288                 struct tm tm;
4289                 time_t s;
4290                 usec_t n;
4291
4292                 errno = 0;
4293                 hour = strtol(t, &e, 10);
4294                 if (errno != 0 || *e != ':' || hour < 0 || hour > 23)
4295                         return -EINVAL;
4296
4297                 minute = strtol(e+1, &e, 10);
4298                 if (errno != 0 || *e != 0 || minute < 0 || minute > 59)
4299                         return -EINVAL;
4300
4301                 n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
4302                 s = (time_t) (n / USEC_PER_SEC);
4303
4304                 zero(tm);
4305                 assert_se(localtime_r(&s, &tm));
4306
4307                 tm.tm_hour = (int) hour;
4308                 tm.tm_min = (int) minute;
4309                 tm.tm_sec = 0;
4310
4311                 assert_se(s = mktime(&tm));
4312
4313                 *_u = (usec_t) s * USEC_PER_SEC;
4314
4315                 while (*_u <= n)
4316                         *_u += USEC_PER_DAY;
4317         }
4318
4319         return 0;
4320 }
4321
4322 static int shutdown_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4323
4324         enum {
4325                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4326                 ARG_NO_WALL
4327         };
4328
4329         static const struct option options[] = {
4330                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4331                 { "halt",      no_argument,       NULL, 'H'         },
4332                 { "poweroff",  no_argument,       NULL, 'P'         },
4333                 { "reboot",    no_argument,       NULL, 'r'         },
4334                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4335                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4336         };
4337
4338         int c, r;
4339
4340         assert(argc >= 0);
4341         assert(argv);
4342
4343         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "HPrhkt:afFc", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4344                 switch (c) {
4345
4346                 case ARG_HELP:
4347                         shutdown_help();
4348                         return 0;
4349
4350                 case 'H':
4351                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4352                         break;
4353
4354                 case 'P':
4355                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4356                         break;
4357
4358                 case 'r':
4359                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4360                         break;
4361
4362                 case 'h':
4363                         if (arg_action != ACTION_HALT)
4364                                 arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4365                         break;
4366
4367                 case 'k':
4368                         arg_dry = true;
4369                         break;
4370
4371                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4372                         arg_no_wall = true;
4373                         break;
4374
4375                 case 't':
4376                 case 'a':
4377                         /* Compatibility nops */
4378                         break;
4379
4380                 case 'c':
4381                         arg_action = ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN;
4382                         break;
4383
4384                 case '?':
4385                         return -EINVAL;
4386
4387                 default:
4388                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4389                         return -EINVAL;
4390                 }
4391         }
4392
4393         if (argc > optind) {
4394                 if ((r = parse_time_spec(argv[optind], &arg_when)) < 0) {
4395                         log_error("Failed to parse time specification: %s", argv[optind]);
4396                         return r;
4397                 }
4398         } else
4399                 arg_when = now(CLOCK_REALTIME) + USEC_PER_MINUTE;
4400
4401         /* We skip the time argument */
4402         if (argc > optind + 1)
4403                 arg_wall = argv + optind + 1;
4404
4405         optind = argc;
4406
4407         return 1;
4408 }
4409
4410 static int telinit_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4411
4412         enum {
4413                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4414                 ARG_NO_WALL
4415         };
4416
4417         static const struct option options[] = {
4418                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4419                 { "no-wall",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_NO_WALL },
4420                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4421         };
4422
4423         static const struct {
4424                 char from;
4425                 enum action to;
4426         } table[] = {
4427                 { '0', ACTION_POWEROFF },
4428                 { '6', ACTION_REBOOT },
4429                 { '1', ACTION_RESCUE },
4430                 { '2', ACTION_RUNLEVEL2 },
4431                 { '3', ACTION_RUNLEVEL3 },
4432                 { '4', ACTION_RUNLEVEL4 },
4433                 { '5', ACTION_RUNLEVEL5 },
4434                 { 's', ACTION_RESCUE },
4435                 { 'S', ACTION_RESCUE },
4436                 { 'q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4437                 { 'Q', ACTION_RELOAD },
4438                 { 'u', ACTION_REEXEC },
4439                 { 'U', ACTION_REEXEC }
4440         };
4441
4442         unsigned i;
4443         int c;
4444
4445         assert(argc >= 0);
4446         assert(argv);
4447
4448         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4449                 switch (c) {
4450
4451                 case ARG_HELP:
4452                         telinit_help();
4453                         return 0;
4454
4455                 case ARG_NO_WALL:
4456                         arg_no_wall = true;
4457                         break;
4458
4459                 case '?':
4460                         return -EINVAL;
4461
4462                 default:
4463                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4464                         return -EINVAL;
4465                 }
4466         }
4467
4468         if (optind >= argc) {
4469                 telinit_help();
4470                 return -EINVAL;
4471         }
4472
4473         if (optind + 1 < argc) {
4474                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4475                 return -EINVAL;
4476         }
4477
4478         if (strlen(argv[optind]) != 1) {
4479                 log_error("Expected single character argument.");
4480                 return -EINVAL;
4481         }
4482
4483         for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++)
4484                 if (table[i].from == argv[optind][0])
4485                         break;
4486
4487         if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) {
4488                 log_error("Unknown command %s.", argv[optind]);
4489                 return -EINVAL;
4490         }
4491
4492         arg_action = table[i].to;
4493
4494         optind ++;
4495
4496         return 1;
4497 }
4498
4499 static int runlevel_parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4500
4501         enum {
4502                 ARG_HELP = 0x100,
4503         };
4504
4505         static const struct option options[] = {
4506                 { "help",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_HELP    },
4507                 { NULL,        0,                 NULL, 0           }
4508         };
4509
4510         int c;
4511
4512         assert(argc >= 0);
4513         assert(argv);
4514
4515         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
4516                 switch (c) {
4517
4518                 case ARG_HELP:
4519                         runlevel_help();
4520                         return 0;
4521
4522                 case '?':
4523                         return -EINVAL;
4524
4525                 default:
4526                         log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
4527                         return -EINVAL;
4528                 }
4529         }
4530
4531         if (optind < argc) {
4532                 log_error("Too many arguments.");
4533                 return -EINVAL;
4534         }
4535
4536         return 1;
4537 }
4538
4539 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
4540         assert(argc >= 0);
4541         assert(argv);
4542
4543         if (program_invocation_short_name) {
4544
4545                 if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "halt")) {
4546                         arg_action = ACTION_HALT;
4547                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4548                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "poweroff")) {
4549                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4550                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4551                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "reboot")) {
4552                         arg_action = ACTION_REBOOT;
4553                         return halt_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4554                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "shutdown")) {
4555                         arg_action = ACTION_POWEROFF;
4556                         return shutdown_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4557                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
4558
4559                         if (sd_booted() > 0) {
4560                                 arg_action = ACTION_INVALID;
4561                                 return telinit_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4562                         } else {
4563                                 /* Hmm, so some other init system is
4564                                  * running, we need to forward this
4565                                  * request to it. For now we simply
4566                                  * guess that it is Upstart. */
4567
4568                                 execv("/lib/upstart/telinit", argv);
4569
4570                                 log_error("Couldn't find an alternative telinit implementation to spawn.");
4571                                 return -EIO;
4572                         }
4573
4574                 } else if (strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "runlevel")) {
4575                         arg_action = ACTION_RUNLEVEL;
4576                         return runlevel_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4577                 }
4578         }
4579
4580         arg_action = ACTION_SYSTEMCTL;
4581         return systemctl_parse_argv(argc, argv);
4582 }
4583
4584 static int action_to_runlevel(void) {
4585
4586         static const char table[_ACTION_MAX] = {
4587                 [ACTION_HALT] =      '0',
4588                 [ACTION_POWEROFF] =  '0',
4589                 [ACTION_REBOOT] =    '6',
4590                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL2] = '2',
4591                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL3] = '3',
4592                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL4] = '4',
4593                 [ACTION_RUNLEVEL5] = '5',
4594                 [ACTION_RESCUE] =    '1'
4595         };
4596
4597         assert(arg_action < _ACTION_MAX);
4598
4599         return table[arg_action];
4600 }
4601
4602 static int talk_upstart(void) {
4603         DBusMessage *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
4604         DBusError error;
4605         int previous, rl, r;
4606         char
4607                 env1_buf[] = "RUNLEVEL=X",
4608                 env2_buf[] = "PREVLEVEL=X";
4609         char *env1 = env1_buf, *env2 = env2_buf;
4610         const char *emit = "runlevel";
4611         dbus_bool_t b_false = FALSE;
4612         DBusMessageIter iter, sub;
4613         DBusConnection *bus;
4614
4615         dbus_error_init(&error);
4616
4617         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4618                 return 0;
4619
4620         if (utmp_get_runlevel(&previous, NULL) < 0)
4621                 previous = 'N';
4622
4623         if (!(bus = dbus_connection_open_private("unix:abstract=/com/ubuntu/upstart", &error))) {
4624                 if (dbus_error_has_name(&error, DBUS_ERROR_NO_SERVER)) {
4625                         r = 0;
4626                         goto finish;
4627                 }
4628
4629                 log_error("Failed to connect to Upstart bus: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4630                 r = -EIO;
4631                 goto finish;
4632         }
4633
4634         if ((r = bus_check_peercred(bus)) < 0) {
4635                 log_error("Failed to verify owner of bus.");
4636                 goto finish;
4637         }
4638
4639         if (!(m = dbus_message_new_method_call(
4640                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart",
4641                               "/com/ubuntu/Upstart",
4642                               "com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6",
4643                               "EmitEvent"))) {
4644
4645                 log_error("Could not allocate message.");
4646                 r = -ENOMEM;
4647                 goto finish;
4648         }
4649
4650         dbus_message_iter_init_append(m, &iter);
4651
4652         env1_buf[sizeof(env1_buf)-2] = rl;
4653         env2_buf[sizeof(env2_buf)-2] = previous;
4654
4655         if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &emit) ||
4656             !dbus_message_iter_open_container(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "s", &sub) ||
4657             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env1) ||
4658             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&sub, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &env2) ||
4659             !dbus_message_iter_close_container(&iter, &sub) ||
4660             !dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&iter, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &b_false)) {
4661                 log_error("Could not append arguments to message.");
4662                 r = -ENOMEM;
4663                 goto finish;
4664         }
4665
4666         if (!(reply = dbus_connection_send_with_reply_and_block(bus, m, -1, &error))) {
4667
4668                 if (error_is_no_service(&error)) {
4669                         r = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
4670                         goto finish;
4671                 }
4672
4673                 log_error("Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error));
4674                 r = -EIO;
4675                 goto finish;
4676         }
4677
4678         r = 0;
4679
4680 finish:
4681         if (m)
4682                 dbus_message_unref(m);
4683
4684         if (reply)
4685                 dbus_message_unref(reply);
4686
4687         if (bus) {
4688                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
4689                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
4690                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
4691         }
4692
4693         dbus_error_free(&error);
4694
4695         return r;
4696 }
4697
4698 static int talk_initctl(void) {
4699         struct init_request request;
4700         int r, fd;
4701         char rl;
4702
4703         if (!(rl = action_to_runlevel()))
4704                 return 0;
4705
4706         zero(request);
4707         request.magic = INIT_MAGIC;
4708         request.sleeptime = 0;
4709         request.cmd = INIT_CMD_RUNLVL;
4710         request.runlevel = rl;
4711
4712         if ((fd = open(INIT_FIFO, O_WRONLY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) {
4713
4714                 if (errno == ENOENT)
4715                         return 0;
4716
4717                 log_error("Failed to open "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4718                 return -errno;
4719         }
4720
4721         errno = 0;
4722         r = loop_write(fd, &request, sizeof(request), false) != sizeof(request);
4723         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4724
4725         if (r < 0) {
4726                 log_error("Failed to write to "INIT_FIFO": %m");
4727                 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4728         }
4729
4730         return 1;
4731 }
4732
4733 static int systemctl_main(DBusConnection *bus, int argc, char *argv[], DBusError *error) {
4734
4735         static const struct {
4736                 const char* verb;
4737                 const enum {
4738                         MORE,
4739                         LESS,
4740                         EQUAL
4741                 } argc_cmp;
4742                 const int argc;
4743                 int (* const dispatch)(DBusConnection *bus, char **args, unsigned n);
4744         } verbs[] = {
4745                 { "list-units",            LESS,  1, list_units        },
4746                 { "list-jobs",             EQUAL, 1, list_jobs         },
4747                 { "clear-jobs",            EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4748                 { "load",                  MORE,  2, load_unit         },
4749                 { "cancel",                MORE,  2, cancel_job        },
4750                 { "start",                 MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4751                 { "stop",                  MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4752                 { "reload",                MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4753                 { "restart",               MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4754                 { "try-restart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4755                 { "reload-or-restart",     MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4756                 { "reload-or-try-restart", MORE,  2, start_unit        },
4757                 { "force-reload",          MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with SysV */
4758                 { "condrestart",           MORE,  2, start_unit        }, /* For compatibility with RH */
4759                 { "isolate",               EQUAL, 2, start_unit        },
4760                 { "is-active",             MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4761                 { "check",                 MORE,  2, check_unit        },
4762                 { "show",                  MORE,  1, show              },
4763                 { "status",                MORE,  2, show              },
4764                 { "monitor",               EQUAL, 1, monitor           },
4765                 { "dump",                  EQUAL, 1, dump              },
4766                 { "dot",                   EQUAL, 1, dot               },
4767                 { "snapshot",              LESS,  2, snapshot          },
4768                 { "delete",                MORE,  2, delete_snapshot   },
4769                 { "daemon-reload",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4770                 { "daemon-reexec",         EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4771                 { "daemon-exit",           EQUAL, 1, daemon_reload     },
4772                 { "show-environment",      EQUAL, 1, show_enviroment   },
4773                 { "set-environment",       MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4774                 { "unset-environment",     MORE,  2, set_environment   },
4775                 { "halt",                  EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4776                 { "poweroff",              EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4777                 { "reboot",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4778                 { "default",               EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4779                 { "rescue",                EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4780                 { "emergency",             EQUAL, 1, start_special     },
4781                 { "reset-failed",          MORE,  1, reset_failed      },
4782                 { "enable",                MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4783                 { "disable",               MORE,  2, enable_unit       },
4784                 { "is-enabled",            MORE,  2, enable_unit       }
4785         };
4786
4787         int left;
4788         unsigned i;
4789
4790         assert(argc >= 0);
4791         assert(argv);
4792         assert(error);
4793
4794         left = argc - optind;
4795
4796         if (left <= 0)
4797                 /* Special rule: no arguments means "list-units" */
4798                 i = 0;
4799         else {
4800                 if (streq(argv[optind], "help")) {
4801                         systemctl_help();
4802                         return 0;
4803                 }
4804
4805                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(verbs); i++)
4806                         if (streq(argv[optind], verbs[i].verb))
4807                                 break;
4808
4809                 if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(verbs)) {
4810                         log_error("Unknown operation %s", argv[optind]);
4811                         return -EINVAL;
4812                 }
4813         }
4814
4815         switch (verbs[i].argc_cmp) {
4816
4817         case EQUAL:
4818                 if (left != verbs[i].argc) {
4819                         log_error("Invalid number of arguments.");
4820                         return -EINVAL;
4821                 }
4822
4823                 break;
4824
4825         case MORE:
4826                 if (left < verbs[i].argc) {
4827                         log_error("Too few arguments.");
4828                         return -EINVAL;
4829                 }
4830
4831                 break;
4832
4833         case LESS:
4834                 if (left > verbs[i].argc) {
4835                         log_error("Too many arguments.");
4836                         return -EINVAL;
4837                 }
4838
4839                 break;
4840
4841         default:
4842                 assert_not_reached("Unknown comparison operator.");
4843         }
4844
4845         /* Require a bus connection for all operations but
4846          * enable/disable */
4847         if (!streq(verbs[i].verb, "enable") &&
4848             !streq(verbs[i].verb, "disable") &&
4849             !bus) {
4850                 log_error("Failed to get D-Bus connection: %s", error->message);
4851                 return -EIO;
4852         }
4853
4854         return verbs[i].dispatch(bus, argv + optind, left);
4855 }
4856
4857 static int send_shutdownd(usec_t t, char mode, bool warn, const char *message) {
4858         int fd = -1;
4859         struct msghdr msghdr;
4860         struct iovec iovec;
4861         union sockaddr_union sockaddr;
4862         struct shutdownd_command c;
4863
4864         zero(c);
4865         c.elapse = t;
4866         c.mode = mode;
4867         c.warn_wall = warn;
4868
4869         if (message)
4870                 strncpy(c.wall_message, message, sizeof(c.wall_message));
4871
4872         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0)) < 0)
4873                 return -errno;
4874
4875         zero(sockaddr);
4876         sockaddr.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
4877         sockaddr.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
4878         strncpy(sockaddr.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd", sizeof(sockaddr.un.sun_path)-1);
4879
4880         zero(iovec);
4881         iovec.iov_base = (char*) &c;
4882         iovec.iov_len = sizeof(c);
4883
4884         zero(msghdr);
4885         msghdr.msg_name = &sockaddr;
4886         msghdr.msg_namelen = sizeof(sa_family_t) + 1 + sizeof("/org/freedesktop/systemd1/shutdownd") - 1;
4887
4888         msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
4889         msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
4890
4891         if (sendmsg(fd, &msghdr, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0) {
4892                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4893                 return -errno;
4894         }
4895
4896         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
4897         return 0;
4898 }
4899
4900 static int reload_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4901
4902         if (bus) {
4903                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4904                 if (daemon_reload(bus, NULL, 0) > 0)
4905                         return 0;
4906         }
4907
4908         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try signals */
4909         assert(arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD || arg_action == ACTION_REEXEC);
4910
4911         if (kill(1, arg_action == ACTION_RELOAD ? SIGHUP : SIGTERM) < 0) {
4912                 log_error("kill() failed: %m");
4913                 return -errno;
4914         }
4915
4916         return 0;
4917 }
4918
4919 static int start_with_fallback(DBusConnection *bus) {
4920
4921         if (bus) {
4922                 /* First, try systemd via D-Bus. */
4923                 if (start_unit(bus, NULL, 0) >= 0)
4924                         goto done;
4925         }
4926
4927         /* Hmm, talking to systemd via D-Bus didn't work. Then
4928          * let's try to talk to Upstart via D-Bus. */
4929         if (talk_upstart() > 0)
4930                 goto done;
4931
4932         /* Nothing else worked, so let's try
4933          * /dev/initctl */
4934         if (talk_initctl() > 0)
4935                 goto done;
4936
4937         log_error("Failed to talk to init daemon.");
4938         return -EIO;
4939
4940 done:
4941         warn_wall(arg_action);
4942         return 0;
4943 }
4944
4945 static int halt_main(DBusConnection *bus) {
4946         int r;
4947
4948         if (geteuid() != 0) {
4949                 log_error("Must be root.");
4950                 return -EPERM;
4951         }
4952
4953         if (arg_when > 0) {
4954                 char *m;
4955                 char date[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
4956
4957                 m = strv_join(arg_wall, " ");
4958                 r = send_shutdownd(arg_when,
4959                                    arg_action == ACTION_HALT     ? 'H' :
4960                                    arg_action == ACTION_POWEROFF ? 'P' :
4961                                                                    'r',
4962                                    !arg_no_wall,
4963                                    m);
4964                 free(m);
4965
4966                 if (r < 0)
4967                         log_warning("Failed to talk to shutdownd, proceeding with immediate shutdown: %s", strerror(-r));
4968                 else {
4969                         log_info("Shutdown scheduled for %s, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.",
4970                                  format_timestamp(date, sizeof(date), arg_when));
4971                         return 0;
4972                 }
4973         }
4974
4975         if (!arg_dry && !arg_immediate)
4976                 return start_with_fallback(bus);
4977
4978         if (!arg_no_wtmp) {
4979                 if (sd_booted() > 0)
4980                         log_debug("Not writing utmp record, assuming that systemd-update-utmp is used.");
4981                 else if ((r = utmp_put_shutdown(0)) < 0)
4982                         log_warning("Failed to write utmp record: %s", strerror(-r));
4983         }
4984
4985         if (!arg_no_sync)
4986                 sync();
4987
4988         if (arg_dry)
4989                 return 0;
4990
4991         /* Make sure C-A-D is handled by the kernel from this
4992          * point on... */
4993         reboot(RB_ENABLE_CAD);
4994
4995         switch (arg_action) {
4996
4997         case ACTION_HALT:
4998                 log_info("Halting.");
4999                 reboot(RB_HALT_SYSTEM);
5000                 break;
5001
5002         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5003                 log_info("Powering off.");
5004                 reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
5005                 break;
5006
5007         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5008                 log_info("Rebooting.");
5009                 reboot(RB_AUTOBOOT);
5010                 break;
5011
5012         default:
5013                 assert_not_reached("Unknown halt action.");
5014         }
5015
5016         /* We should never reach this. */
5017         return -ENOSYS;
5018 }
5019
5020 static int runlevel_main(void) {
5021         int r, runlevel, previous;
5022
5023         if ((r = utmp_get_runlevel(&runlevel, &previous)) < 0) {
5024                 printf("unknown\n");
5025                 return r;
5026         }
5027
5028         printf("%c %c\n",
5029                previous <= 0 ? 'N' : previous,
5030                runlevel <= 0 ? 'N' : runlevel);
5031
5032         return 0;
5033 }
5034
5035 int main(int argc, char*argv[]) {
5036         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
5037         DBusConnection *bus = NULL;
5038         DBusError error;
5039
5040         dbus_error_init(&error);
5041
5042         log_parse_environment();
5043         log_open();
5044
5045         if ((r = parse_argv(argc, argv)) < 0)
5046                 goto finish;
5047         else if (r == 0) {
5048                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
5049                 goto finish;
5050         }
5051
5052         /* /sbin/runlevel doesn't need to communicate via D-Bus, so
5053          * let's shortcut this */
5054         if (arg_action == ACTION_RUNLEVEL) {
5055                 r = runlevel_main();
5056                 retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5057                 goto finish;
5058         }
5059
5060         bus_connect(arg_session ? DBUS_BUS_SESSION : DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &bus, &private_bus, &error);
5061
5062         switch (arg_action) {
5063
5064         case ACTION_SYSTEMCTL:
5065                 r = systemctl_main(bus, argc, argv, &error);
5066                 break;
5067
5068         case ACTION_HALT:
5069         case ACTION_POWEROFF:
5070         case ACTION_REBOOT:
5071                 r = halt_main(bus);
5072                 break;
5073
5074         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL2:
5075         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL3:
5076         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL4:
5077         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL5:
5078         case ACTION_RESCUE:
5079         case ACTION_EMERGENCY:
5080         case ACTION_DEFAULT:
5081                 r = start_with_fallback(bus);
5082                 break;
5083
5084         case ACTION_RELOAD:
5085         case ACTION_REEXEC:
5086                 r = reload_with_fallback(bus);
5087                 break;
5088
5089         case ACTION_CANCEL_SHUTDOWN:
5090                 r = send_shutdownd(0, 0, false, NULL);
5091                 break;
5092
5093         case ACTION_INVALID:
5094         case ACTION_RUNLEVEL:
5095         default:
5096                 assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
5097         }
5098
5099         retval = r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : r;
5100
5101 finish:
5102
5103         if (bus) {
5104                 dbus_connection_flush(bus);
5105                 dbus_connection_close(bus);
5106                 dbus_connection_unref(bus);
5107         }
5108
5109         dbus_error_free(&error);
5110
5111         dbus_shutdown();
5112
5113         strv_free(arg_property);
5114
5115         return retval;
5116 }