1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
39 #include <linux/tiocl.h>
42 #include <sys/inotify.h>
45 #include <sys/prctl.h>
46 #include <sys/utsname.h>
48 #include <netinet/ip.h>
57 #include <sys/mount.h>
58 #include <linux/magic.h>
62 #include <sys/personality.h>
66 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
78 #include "path-util.h"
79 #include "exit-status.h"
83 #include "device-nodes.h"
90 char **saved_argv = NULL;
92 static volatile unsigned cached_columns = 0;
93 static volatile unsigned cached_lines = 0;
95 size_t page_size(void) {
96 static thread_local size_t pgsz = 0;
99 if (_likely_(pgsz > 0))
102 r = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
109 bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) {
111 /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */
122 char* endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
129 pl = strlen(postfix);
132 return (char*) s + sl;
137 if (memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) != 0)
140 return (char*) s + sl - pl;
143 bool first_word(const char *s, const char *word) {
158 if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0)
162 strchr(WHITESPACE, s[wl]);
165 int close_nointr(int fd) {
172 else if (errno == EINTR)
174 * Just ignore EINTR; a retry loop is the wrong
175 * thing to do on Linux.
177 * http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0509.1/0877.html
178 * https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=682819
179 * http://utcc.utoronto.ca/~cks/space/blog/unix/CloseEINTR
180 * https://sites.google.com/site/michaelsafyan/software-engineering/checkforeintrwheninvokingclosethinkagain
187 int safe_close(int fd) {
190 * Like close_nointr() but cannot fail. Guarantees errno is
191 * unchanged. Is a NOP with negative fds passed, and returns
192 * -1, so that it can be used in this syntax:
194 * fd = safe_close(fd);
200 /* The kernel might return pretty much any error code
201 * via close(), but the fd will be closed anyway. The
202 * only condition we want to check for here is whether
203 * the fd was invalid at all... */
205 assert_se(close_nointr(fd) != -EBADF);
211 void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) {
214 assert(fds || n_fd <= 0);
216 for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++)
220 int unlink_noerrno(const char *path) {
231 int parse_boolean(const char *v) {
234 if (streq(v, "1") || v[0] == 'y' || v[0] == 'Y' || v[0] == 't' || v[0] == 'T' || strcaseeq(v, "on"))
236 else if (streq(v, "0") || v[0] == 'n' || v[0] == 'N' || v[0] == 'f' || v[0] == 'F' || strcaseeq(v, "off"))
242 int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) {
243 unsigned long ul = 0;
250 r = safe_atolu(s, &ul);
256 if ((unsigned long) pid != ul)
266 int parse_uid(const char *s, uid_t* ret_uid) {
267 unsigned long ul = 0;
274 r = safe_atolu(s, &ul);
280 if ((unsigned long) uid != ul)
283 /* Some libc APIs use (uid_t) -1 as special placeholder */
284 if (uid == (uid_t) 0xFFFFFFFF)
287 /* A long time ago UIDs where 16bit, hence explicitly avoid the 16bit -1 too */
288 if (uid == (uid_t) 0xFFFF)
295 int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) {
303 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
305 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
306 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
308 if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l)
311 *ret_u = (unsigned) l;
315 int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) {
323 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
325 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
326 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
328 if ((long) (int) l != l)
335 int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) {
337 unsigned long long l;
343 l = strtoull(s, &x, 0);
345 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
346 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
352 int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) {
360 l = strtoll(s, &x, 0);
362 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
363 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
369 int safe_atod(const char *s, double *ret_d) {
376 RUN_WITH_LOCALE(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, "C") {
381 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
382 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
388 static size_t strcspn_escaped(const char *s, const char *reject) {
389 bool escaped = false;
392 for (n=0; s[n]; n++) {
395 else if (s[n] == '\\')
397 else if (strchr(reject, s[n]))
403 /* Split a string into words. */
404 char *split(const char *c, size_t *l, const char *separator, bool quoted, char **state) {
407 current = *state ? *state : (char*) c;
409 if (!*current || *c == 0)
412 current += strspn(current, separator);
416 if (quoted && strchr("\'\"", *current)) {
417 char quotechar = *(current++);
418 *l = strcspn_escaped(current, (char[]){quotechar, '\0'});
419 *state = current+*l+1;
421 *l = strcspn_escaped(current, separator);
424 *l = strcspn(current, separator);
428 return (char*) current;
431 int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) {
433 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
445 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
446 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
450 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
451 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
452 * skip over it manually */
454 p = strrchr(line, ')');
466 if ((long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid)
469 *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid;
474 int get_starttime_of_pid(pid_t pid, unsigned long long *st) {
476 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
482 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
483 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
487 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
488 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
489 * skip over it manually */
491 p = strrchr(line, ')');
513 "%*d " /* priority */
515 "%*d " /* num_threads */
516 "%*d " /* itrealvalue */
517 "%llu " /* starttime */,
524 int fchmod_umask(int fd, mode_t m) {
529 r = fchmod(fd, m & (~u)) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
535 char *truncate_nl(char *s) {
538 s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0;
542 int get_process_state(pid_t pid) {
546 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
550 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
551 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
555 p = strrchr(line, ')');
561 if (sscanf(p, " %c", &state) != 1)
564 return (unsigned char) state;
567 int get_process_comm(pid_t pid, char **name) {
574 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "comm");
576 r = read_one_line_file(p, name);
583 int get_process_cmdline(pid_t pid, size_t max_length, bool comm_fallback, char **line) {
584 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
592 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cmdline");
598 if (max_length == 0) {
599 size_t len = 0, allocated = 0;
601 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
603 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(r, allocated, len+2)) {
608 r[len++] = isprint(c) ? c : ' ';
618 r = new(char, max_length);
624 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
646 size_t n = MIN(left-1, 3U);
653 /* Kernel threads have no argv[] */
654 if (r == NULL || r[0] == 0) {
655 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
663 h = get_process_comm(pid, &t);
667 r = strjoin("[", t, "]", NULL);
676 int is_kernel_thread(pid_t pid) {
688 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cmdline");
693 count = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
697 /* Kernel threads have an empty cmdline */
700 return eof ? 1 : -errno;
705 int get_process_capeff(pid_t pid, char **capeff) {
711 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "status");
713 return get_status_field(p, "\nCapEff:", capeff);
716 int get_process_exe(pid_t pid, char **name) {
724 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "exe");
726 r = readlink_malloc(p, name);
728 return r == -ENOENT ? -ESRCH : r;
730 d = endswith(*name, " (deleted)");
737 static int get_process_id(pid_t pid, const char *field, uid_t *uid) {
738 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
748 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "status");
753 FOREACH_LINE(line, f, return -errno) {
758 if (startswith(l, field)) {
760 l += strspn(l, WHITESPACE);
762 l[strcspn(l, WHITESPACE)] = 0;
764 return parse_uid(l, uid);
771 int get_process_uid(pid_t pid, uid_t *uid) {
772 return get_process_id(pid, "Uid:", uid);
775 int get_process_gid(pid_t pid, gid_t *gid) {
776 assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
777 return get_process_id(pid, "Gid:", gid);
780 char *strnappend(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b) {
788 return strndup(suffix, b);
797 if (b > ((size_t) -1) - a)
800 r = new(char, a+b+1);
805 memcpy(r+a, suffix, b);
811 char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
812 return strnappend(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0);
815 int readlinkat_malloc(int fd, const char *p, char **ret) {
830 n = readlinkat(fd, p, c, l-1);
837 if ((size_t) n < l-1) {
848 int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **ret) {
849 return readlinkat_malloc(AT_FDCWD, p, ret);
852 int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) {
853 _cleanup_free_ char *target = NULL;
860 j = readlink_malloc(p, &target);
864 k = file_in_same_dir(p, target);
872 int readlink_and_canonicalize(const char *p, char **r) {
879 j = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &t);
883 s = canonicalize_file_name(t);
890 path_kill_slashes(*r);
895 int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) {
898 for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) {
899 struct sigaction sa = {
900 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
901 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
904 if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP)
907 /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by
908 * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */
909 if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0))
917 char *strstrip(char *s) {
920 /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in
921 * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */
923 s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE);
925 for (e = strchr(s, 0); e > s; e --)
926 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, e[-1]))
934 char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) {
937 /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */
939 for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) {
951 char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) {
958 /* This removes the last component of path and appends
959 * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the
962 if (path_is_absolute(filename))
963 return strdup(filename);
965 if (!(e = strrchr(path, '/')))
966 return strdup(filename);
968 k = strlen(filename);
969 if (!(r = new(char, e-path+1+k+1)))
972 memcpy(r, path, e-path+1);
973 memcpy(r+(e-path)+1, filename, k+1);
978 int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) {
987 /* Skip trailing slashes */
988 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
994 /* Skip last component */
995 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/')
998 /* Skip trailing slashes */
999 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1005 if (!(t = strndup(path, l)))
1008 if (path_startswith(stop, t)) {
1017 if (errno != ENOENT)
1024 char hexchar(int x) {
1025 static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
1027 return table[x & 15];
1030 int unhexchar(char c) {
1032 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1035 if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
1036 return c - 'a' + 10;
1038 if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
1039 return c - 'A' + 10;
1044 char *hexmem(const void *p, size_t l) {
1048 z = r = malloc(l * 2 + 1);
1052 for (x = p; x < (const uint8_t*) p + l; x++) {
1053 *(z++) = hexchar(*x >> 4);
1054 *(z++) = hexchar(*x & 15);
1061 void *unhexmem(const char *p, size_t l) {
1067 z = r = malloc((l + 1) / 2 + 1);
1071 for (x = p; x < p + l; x += 2) {
1074 a = unhexchar(x[0]);
1076 b = unhexchar(x[1]);
1080 *(z++) = (uint8_t) a << 4 | (uint8_t) b;
1087 char octchar(int x) {
1088 return '0' + (x & 7);
1091 int unoctchar(char c) {
1093 if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
1099 char decchar(int x) {
1100 return '0' + (x % 10);
1103 int undecchar(char c) {
1105 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1111 char *cescape(const char *s) {
1117 /* Does C style string escaping. */
1119 r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1);
1123 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++)
1169 /* For special chars we prefer octal over
1170 * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's
1171 * g_strescape() does the same */
1172 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127)) {
1174 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 6);
1175 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 3);
1176 *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f);
1187 char *cunescape_length_with_prefix(const char *s, size_t length, const char *prefix) {
1194 /* Undoes C style string escaping, and optionally prefixes it. */
1196 pl = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
1198 r = new(char, pl+length+1);
1203 memcpy(r, prefix, pl);
1205 for (f = s, t = r + pl; f < s + length; f++) {
1248 /* This is an extension of the XDG syntax files */
1253 /* hexadecimal encoding */
1256 a = unhexchar(f[1]);
1257 b = unhexchar(f[2]);
1259 if (a < 0 || b < 0 || (a == 0 && b == 0)) {
1260 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1264 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
1279 /* octal encoding */
1282 a = unoctchar(f[0]);
1283 b = unoctchar(f[1]);
1284 c = unoctchar(f[2]);
1286 if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0 || (a == 0 && b == 0 && c == 0)) {
1287 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1291 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c);
1299 /* premature end of string.*/
1304 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1316 char *cunescape_length(const char *s, size_t length) {
1317 return cunescape_length_with_prefix(s, length, NULL);
1320 char *cunescape(const char *s) {
1323 return cunescape_length(s, strlen(s));
1326 char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) {
1330 /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special
1331 * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with
1334 r = new(char, strlen(s) * 4 + 1);
1338 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1340 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) ||
1341 (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) {
1344 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1345 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1355 char *ascii_strlower(char *t) {
1360 for (p = t; *p; p++)
1361 if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z')
1362 *p = *p - 'A' + 'a';
1367 _pure_ static bool ignore_file_allow_backup(const char *filename) {
1371 filename[0] == '.' ||
1372 streq(filename, "lost+found") ||
1373 streq(filename, "aquota.user") ||
1374 streq(filename, "aquota.group") ||
1375 endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") ||
1376 endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") ||
1377 endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") ||
1378 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") ||
1379 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") ||
1380 endswith(filename, ".swp");
1383 bool ignore_file(const char *filename) {
1386 if (endswith(filename, "~"))
1389 return ignore_file_allow_backup(filename);
1392 int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) {
1397 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
1402 nflags = flags | O_NONBLOCK;
1404 nflags = flags & ~O_NONBLOCK;
1406 if (nflags == flags)
1409 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, nflags) < 0)
1415 int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) {
1420 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0);
1425 nflags = flags | FD_CLOEXEC;
1427 nflags = flags & ~FD_CLOEXEC;
1429 if (nflags == flags)
1432 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, nflags) < 0)
1438 _pure_ static bool fd_in_set(int fd, const int fdset[], unsigned n_fdset) {
1441 assert(n_fdset == 0 || fdset);
1443 for (i = 0; i < n_fdset; i++)
1450 int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) {
1451 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
1455 assert(n_except == 0 || except);
1457 d = opendir("/proc/self/fd");
1462 /* When /proc isn't available (for example in chroots)
1463 * the fallback is brute forcing through the fd
1466 assert_se(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl) >= 0);
1467 for (fd = 3; fd < (int) rl.rlim_max; fd ++) {
1469 if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
1472 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0)
1473 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
1480 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
1483 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
1486 if (safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd) < 0)
1487 /* Let's better ignore this, just in case */
1496 if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
1499 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0) {
1500 /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */
1501 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
1509 bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) {
1512 /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */
1513 for (p = a; *p; p++)
1520 bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) {
1521 static const char table[] =
1535 x = startswith(fstype, "fuse.");
1539 return nulstr_contains(table, fstype);
1543 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
1545 fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1551 TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT,
1555 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0)
1558 vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0];
1561 if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0)
1567 int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, usec_t t, bool *need_nl) {
1568 struct termios old_termios, new_termios;
1569 char c, line[LINE_MAX];
1574 if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) {
1575 new_termios = old_termios;
1577 new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
1578 new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1579 new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1581 if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) {
1584 if (t != (usec_t) -1) {
1585 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0) {
1586 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1591 k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
1593 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1599 *need_nl = c != '\n';
1606 if (t != (usec_t) -1) {
1607 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0)
1611 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))
1616 if (strlen(line) != 1)
1626 int ask(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) {
1636 bool need_nl = true;
1639 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout);
1646 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout);
1650 r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, (usec_t) -1, &need_nl);
1653 if (r == -EBADMSG) {
1654 puts("Bad input, please try again.");
1665 if (strchr(replies, c)) {
1670 puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
1674 int reset_terminal_fd(int fd, bool switch_to_text) {
1675 struct termios termios;
1678 /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */
1682 /* We leave locked terminal attributes untouched, so that
1683 * Plymouth may set whatever it wants to set, and we don't
1684 * interfere with that. */
1686 /* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */
1687 ioctl(fd, TIOCNXCL);
1689 /* Switch to text mode */
1691 ioctl(fd, KDSETMODE, KD_TEXT);
1693 /* Enable console unicode mode */
1694 ioctl(fd, KDSKBMODE, K_UNICODE);
1696 if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) {
1701 /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How
1702 * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody
1703 * else will do that for us */
1705 termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC);
1706 termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8;
1707 termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR;
1708 termios.c_cflag |= CREAD;
1709 termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE;
1711 termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */
1712 termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */
1713 termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177;
1714 termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */
1715 termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */
1716 termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */
1717 termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */
1718 termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */
1719 termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */
1720 termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */
1721 termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */
1722 termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0;
1723 termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0;
1725 termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1726 termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1728 if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0)
1732 /* Just in case, flush all crap out */
1733 tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
1738 int reset_terminal(const char *name) {
1739 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
1741 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1745 return reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
1748 int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) {
1753 * If a TTY is in the process of being closed opening it might
1754 * cause EIO. This is horribly awful, but unlikely to be
1755 * changed in the kernel. Hence we work around this problem by
1756 * retrying a couple of times.
1758 * https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/554172/comments/245
1761 assert(!(mode & O_CREAT));
1764 fd = open(name, mode, 0);
1771 /* Max 1s in total */
1775 usleep(50 * USEC_PER_MSEC);
1796 int flush_fd(int fd) {
1797 struct pollfd pollfd = {
1807 r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0);
1817 l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
1823 if (errno == EAGAIN)
1832 int acquire_terminal(
1836 bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm,
1839 int fd = -1, notify = -1, r = 0, wd = -1;
1844 /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
1845 * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
1846 * it, so that we don't lose any event.
1848 * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
1849 * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
1850 * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
1851 * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
1852 * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
1853 * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
1854 * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
1855 * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
1857 if (timeout != (usec_t) -1)
1858 ts = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1860 if (!fail && !force) {
1861 notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC | (timeout != (usec_t) -1 ? IN_NONBLOCK : 0));
1867 wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE);
1875 struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new = {
1876 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
1877 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
1881 r = flush_fd(notify);
1886 /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
1887 * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
1888 * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
1889 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1893 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
1894 * if we already own the tty. */
1895 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
1897 /* First, try to get the tty */
1898 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force) < 0)
1901 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
1903 /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY
1904 * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already
1905 * are have this controlling terminal. */
1906 if (r < 0 && r == -EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm)
1909 if (r < 0 && (force || fail || r != -EPERM)) {
1918 assert(notify >= 0);
1921 uint8_t inotify_buffer[sizeof(struct inotify_event) + FILENAME_MAX];
1923 struct inotify_event *e;
1925 if (timeout != (usec_t) -1) {
1928 n = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1929 if (ts + timeout < n) {
1934 r = fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, ts + timeout - n);
1944 l = read(notify, inotify_buffer, sizeof(inotify_buffer));
1947 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
1954 e = (struct inotify_event*) inotify_buffer;
1959 if (e->wd != wd || !(e->mask & IN_CLOSE)) {
1964 step = sizeof(struct inotify_event) + e->len;
1965 assert(step <= (size_t) l);
1967 e = (struct inotify_event*) ((uint8_t*) e + step);
1974 /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
1975 * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
1976 * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
1977 * an endless loop. */
1983 r = reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
1985 log_warning("Failed to reset terminal: %s", strerror(-r));
1996 int release_terminal(void) {
1998 struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new = {
1999 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2000 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2002 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
2004 fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC);
2008 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
2009 * by our own TIOCNOTTY */
2010 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
2012 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0)
2015 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
2020 int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) {
2025 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2026 if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0)
2033 int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) {
2034 struct sigaction sa = {
2035 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2036 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2041 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2045 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2046 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2053 int default_signals(int sig, ...) {
2054 struct sigaction sa = {
2055 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
2056 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2061 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2065 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2066 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2073 void safe_close_pair(int p[]) {
2077 /* Special case pairs which use the same fd in both
2079 p[0] = p[1] = safe_close(p[0]);
2083 p[0] = safe_close(p[0]);
2084 p[1] = safe_close(p[1]);
2087 ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2094 while (nbytes > 0) {
2097 k = read(fd, p, nbytes);
2098 if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
2101 if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2103 /* We knowingly ignore any return value here,
2104 * and expect that any error/EOF is reported
2107 fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, (usec_t) -1);
2112 return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
2122 ssize_t loop_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2123 const uint8_t *p = buf;
2129 while (nbytes > 0) {
2132 k = write(fd, p, nbytes);
2133 if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR)
2136 if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2138 /* We knowingly ignore any return value here,
2139 * and expect that any error/EOF is reported
2142 fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLOUT, (usec_t) -1);
2147 return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0);
2157 int parse_size(const char *t, off_t base, off_t *size) {
2159 /* Soo, sometimes we want to parse IEC binary suffxies, and
2160 * sometimes SI decimal suffixes. This function can parse
2161 * both. Which one is the right way depends on the
2162 * context. Wikipedia suggests that SI is customary for
2163 * hardrware metrics and network speeds, while IEC is
2164 * customary for most data sizes used by software and volatile
2165 * (RAM) memory. Hence be careful which one you pick!
2167 * In either case we use just K, M, G as suffix, and not Ki,
2168 * Mi, Gi or so (as IEC would suggest). That's because that's
2169 * frickin' ugly. But this means you really need to make sure
2170 * to document which base you are parsing when you use this
2175 unsigned long long factor;
2178 static const struct table iec[] = {
2179 { "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2180 { "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2181 { "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2182 { "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2183 { "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL },
2189 static const struct table si[] = {
2190 { "E", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2191 { "P", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2192 { "T", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2193 { "G", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2194 { "M", 1000ULL*1000ULL },
2200 const struct table *table;
2202 unsigned long long r = 0;
2203 unsigned n_entries, start_pos = 0;
2206 assert(base == 1000 || base == 1024);
2211 n_entries = ELEMENTSOF(si);
2214 n_entries = ELEMENTSOF(iec);
2220 unsigned long long l2;
2226 l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
2239 if (*e >= '0' && *e <= '9') {
2242 /* strotoull itself would accept space/+/- */
2243 l2 = strtoull(e, &e2, 10);
2245 if (errno == ERANGE)
2248 /* Ignore failure. E.g. 10.M is valid */
2255 e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
2257 for (i = start_pos; i < n_entries; i++)
2258 if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
2259 unsigned long long tmp;
2260 if ((unsigned long long) l + (frac > 0) > ULLONG_MAX / table[i].factor)
2262 tmp = l * table[i].factor + (unsigned long long) (frac * table[i].factor);
2263 if (tmp > ULLONG_MAX - r)
2267 if ((unsigned long long) (off_t) r != r)
2270 p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
2286 int make_stdio(int fd) {
2291 r = dup3(fd, STDIN_FILENO, 0);
2292 s = dup3(fd, STDOUT_FILENO, 0);
2293 t = dup3(fd, STDERR_FILENO, 0);
2298 if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0)
2301 /* We rely here that the new fd has O_CLOEXEC not set */
2306 int make_null_stdio(void) {
2309 null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
2313 return make_stdio(null_fd);
2316 bool is_device_path(const char *path) {
2318 /* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in
2319 * sysfs or in /dev */
2322 path_startswith(path, "/dev/") ||
2323 path_startswith(path, "/sys/");
2326 int dir_is_empty(const char *path) {
2327 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d;
2338 if (!de && errno != 0)
2344 if (!ignore_file(de->d_name))
2349 char* dirname_malloc(const char *path) {
2350 char *d, *dir, *dir2;
2367 int dev_urandom(void *p, size_t n) {
2368 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
2371 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
2373 return errno == ENOENT ? -ENOSYS : -errno;
2375 k = loop_read(fd, p, n, true);
2378 if ((size_t) k != n)
2384 void random_bytes(void *p, size_t n) {
2385 static bool srand_called = false;
2389 r = dev_urandom(p, n);
2393 /* If some idiot made /dev/urandom unavailable to us, he'll
2394 * get a PRNG instead. */
2396 if (!srand_called) {
2399 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
2400 /* The kernel provides us with a bit of entropy in
2401 * auxv, so let's try to make use of that to seed the
2402 * pseudo-random generator. It's better than
2407 auxv = (void*) getauxval(AT_RANDOM);
2409 x ^= *(unsigned*) auxv;
2412 x ^= (unsigned) now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
2413 x ^= (unsigned) gettid();
2416 srand_called = true;
2419 for (q = p; q < (uint8_t*) p + n; q ++)
2423 void rename_process(const char name[8]) {
2426 /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). It changes the
2427 * comm field, argv[0], and also the glibc's internally used
2428 * name of the process. For the first one a limit of 16 chars
2429 * applies, to the second one usually one of 10 (i.e. length
2430 * of "/sbin/init"), to the third one one of 7 (i.e. length of
2431 * "systemd"). If you pass a longer string it will be
2434 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name);
2436 if (program_invocation_name)
2437 strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name));
2439 if (saved_argc > 0) {
2443 strncpy(saved_argv[0], name, strlen(saved_argv[0]));
2445 for (i = 1; i < saved_argc; i++) {
2449 memzero(saved_argv[i], strlen(saved_argv[i]));
2454 void sigset_add_many(sigset_t *ss, ...) {
2461 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2462 assert_se(sigaddset(ss, sig) == 0);
2466 int sigprocmask_many(int how, ...) {
2471 assert_se(sigemptyset(&ss) == 0);
2474 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2475 assert_se(sigaddset(&ss, sig) == 0);
2478 if (sigprocmask(how, &ss, NULL) < 0)
2484 char* gethostname_malloc(void) {
2487 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2489 if (!isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)"))
2490 return strdup(u.nodename);
2492 return strdup(u.sysname);
2495 bool hostname_is_set(void) {
2498 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2500 return !isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)");
2503 static char *lookup_uid(uid_t uid) {
2506 _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL;
2507 struct passwd pwbuf, *pw = NULL;
2509 /* Shortcut things to avoid NSS lookups */
2511 return strdup("root");
2513 bufsize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
2517 buf = malloc(bufsize);
2521 if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwbuf, buf, bufsize, &pw) == 0 && pw)
2522 return strdup(pw->pw_name);
2524 if (asprintf(&name, UID_FMT, uid) < 0)
2530 char* getlogname_malloc(void) {
2534 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) >= 0)
2539 return lookup_uid(uid);
2542 char *getusername_malloc(void) {
2549 return lookup_uid(getuid());
2552 int getttyname_malloc(int fd, char **r) {
2553 char path[PATH_MAX], *c;
2558 k = ttyname_r(fd, path, sizeof(path));
2564 c = strdup(startswith(path, "/dev/") ? path + 5 : path);
2572 int getttyname_harder(int fd, char **r) {
2576 k = getttyname_malloc(fd, &s);
2580 if (streq(s, "tty")) {
2582 return get_ctty(0, NULL, r);
2589 int get_ctty_devnr(pid_t pid, dev_t *d) {
2591 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
2593 unsigned long ttynr;
2597 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
2598 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
2602 p = strrchr(line, ')');
2612 "%*d " /* session */
2617 if (major(ttynr) == 0 && minor(ttynr) == 0)
2626 int get_ctty(pid_t pid, dev_t *_devnr, char **r) {
2627 char fn[sizeof("/dev/char/")-1 + 2*DECIMAL_STR_MAX(unsigned) + 1 + 1], *b = NULL;
2628 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
2635 k = get_ctty_devnr(pid, &devnr);
2639 snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn), "/dev/char/%u:%u", major(devnr), minor(devnr));
2641 k = readlink_malloc(fn, &s);
2647 /* This is an ugly hack */
2648 if (major(devnr) == 136) {
2649 asprintf(&b, "pts/%u", minor(devnr));
2653 /* Probably something like the ptys which have no
2654 * symlink in /dev/char. Let's return something
2655 * vaguely useful. */
2661 if (startswith(s, "/dev/"))
2663 else if (startswith(s, "../"))
2681 int rm_rf_children_dangerous(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) {
2682 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
2687 /* This returns the first error we run into, but nevertheless
2688 * tries to go on. This closes the passed fd. */
2694 return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;
2699 bool is_dir, keep_around;
2706 if (errno != 0 && ret == 0)
2711 if (streq(de->d_name, ".") || streq(de->d_name, ".."))
2714 if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN ||
2716 (de->d_type == DT_DIR && root_dev)) {
2717 if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
2718 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2723 is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
2726 (st.st_uid == 0 || st.st_uid == getuid()) &&
2727 (st.st_mode & S_ISVTX);
2729 is_dir = de->d_type == DT_DIR;
2730 keep_around = false;
2736 /* if root_dev is set, remove subdirectories only, if device is same as dir */
2737 if (root_dev && st.st_dev != root_dev->st_dev)
2740 subdir_fd = openat(fd, de->d_name,
2741 O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME);
2742 if (subdir_fd < 0) {
2743 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2748 r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(subdir_fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev);
2749 if (r < 0 && ret == 0)
2753 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0) {
2754 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2758 } else if (!only_dirs && !keep_around) {
2760 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, 0) < 0) {
2761 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2768 _pure_ static int is_temporary_fs(struct statfs *s) {
2771 return F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, TMPFS_MAGIC) ||
2772 F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, RAMFS_MAGIC);
2775 int rm_rf_children(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) {
2780 if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) {
2785 /* We refuse to clean disk file systems with this call. This
2786 * is extra paranoia just to be sure we never ever remove
2788 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
2789 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
2794 return rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev);
2797 static int rm_rf_internal(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky, bool dangerous) {
2803 /* We refuse to clean the root file system with this
2804 * call. This is extra paranoia to never cause a really
2805 * seriously broken system. */
2806 if (path_equal(path, "/")) {
2807 log_error("Attempted to remove entire root file system, and we can't allow that.");
2811 fd = open(path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME);
2814 if (errno != ENOTDIR)
2818 if (statfs(path, &s) < 0)
2821 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
2822 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
2827 if (delete_root && !only_dirs)
2828 if (unlink(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2835 if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) {
2840 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
2841 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
2847 r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, NULL);
2850 if (honour_sticky && file_is_priv_sticky(path) > 0)
2853 if (rmdir(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
2862 int rm_rf(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) {
2863 return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, false);
2866 int rm_rf_dangerous(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) {
2867 return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, true);
2870 int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
2873 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
2874 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
2875 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
2877 if (mode != (mode_t) -1)
2878 if (chmod(path, mode) < 0)
2881 if (uid != (uid_t) -1 || gid != (gid_t) -1)
2882 if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0)
2888 int fchmod_and_fchown(int fd, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
2891 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
2892 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
2893 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
2895 if (mode != (mode_t) -1)
2896 if (fchmod(fd, mode) < 0)
2899 if (uid != (uid_t) -1 || gid != (gid_t) -1)
2900 if (fchown(fd, uid, gid) < 0)
2906 cpu_set_t* cpu_set_malloc(unsigned *ncpus) {
2910 /* Allocates the cpuset in the right size */
2913 if (!(r = CPU_ALLOC(n)))
2916 if (sched_getaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r) >= 0) {
2917 CPU_ZERO_S(CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r);
2927 if (errno != EINVAL)
2934 int status_vprintf(const char *status, bool ellipse, bool ephemeral, const char *format, va_list ap) {
2935 static const char status_indent[] = " "; /* "[" STATUS "] " */
2936 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
2937 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2938 struct iovec iovec[6] = {};
2940 static bool prev_ephemeral;
2944 /* This is independent of logging, as status messages are
2945 * optional and go exclusively to the console. */
2947 if (vasprintf(&s, format, ap) < 0)
2950 fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
2963 sl = status ? sizeof(status_indent)-1 : 0;
2969 e = ellipsize(s, emax, 75);
2977 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\r" ANSI_ERASE_TO_END_OF_LINE);
2978 prev_ephemeral = ephemeral;
2981 if (!isempty(status)) {
2982 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "[");
2983 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status);
2984 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "] ");
2986 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status_indent);
2989 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], s);
2991 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\n");
2993 if (writev(fd, iovec, n) < 0)
2999 int status_printf(const char *status, bool ellipse, bool ephemeral, const char *format, ...) {
3005 va_start(ap, format);
3006 r = status_vprintf(status, ellipse, ephemeral, format, ap);
3012 char *replace_env(const char *format, char **env) {
3019 const char *e, *word = format;
3024 for (e = format; *e; e ++) {
3035 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word-1)))
3044 } else if (*e == '$') {
3045 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
3061 t = strempty(strv_env_get_n(env, word+2, e-word-2));
3063 k = strappend(r, t);
3077 if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word)))
3088 char **replace_env_argv(char **argv, char **env) {
3090 unsigned k = 0, l = 0;
3092 l = strv_length(argv);
3094 if (!(r = new(char*, l+1)))
3097 STRV_FOREACH(i, argv) {
3099 /* If $FOO appears as single word, replace it by the split up variable */
3100 if ((*i)[0] == '$' && (*i)[1] != '{') {
3105 e = strv_env_get(env, *i+1);
3108 if (!(m = strv_split_quoted(e))) {
3119 if (!(w = realloc(r, sizeof(char*) * (l+1)))) {
3128 memcpy(r + k, m, q * sizeof(char*));
3136 /* If ${FOO} appears as part of a word, replace it by the variable as-is */
3137 if (!(r[k++] = replace_env(*i, env))) {
3147 int fd_columns(int fd) {
3148 struct winsize ws = {};
3150 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
3159 unsigned columns(void) {
3163 if (_likely_(cached_columns > 0))
3164 return cached_columns;
3167 e = getenv("COLUMNS");
3172 c = fd_columns(STDOUT_FILENO);
3181 int fd_lines(int fd) {
3182 struct winsize ws = {};
3184 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
3193 unsigned lines(void) {
3197 if (_likely_(cached_lines > 0))
3198 return cached_lines;
3201 e = getenv("LINES");
3206 l = fd_lines(STDOUT_FILENO);
3212 return cached_lines;
3215 /* intended to be used as a SIGWINCH sighandler */
3216 void columns_lines_cache_reset(int signum) {
3222 static int cached_on_tty = -1;
3224 if (_unlikely_(cached_on_tty < 0))
3225 cached_on_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
3227 return cached_on_tty;
3230 int files_same(const char *filea, const char *fileb) {
3233 if (stat(filea, &a) < 0)
3236 if (stat(fileb, &b) < 0)
3239 return a.st_dev == b.st_dev &&
3240 a.st_ino == b.st_ino;
3243 int running_in_chroot(void) {
3246 ret = files_same("/proc/1/root", "/");
3253 static char *ascii_ellipsize_mem(const char *s, size_t old_length, size_t new_length, unsigned percent) {
3258 assert(percent <= 100);
3259 assert(new_length >= 3);
3261 if (old_length <= 3 || old_length <= new_length)
3262 return strndup(s, old_length);
3264 r = new0(char, new_length+1);
3268 x = (new_length * percent) / 100;
3270 if (x > new_length - 3)
3278 s + old_length - (new_length - x - 3),
3279 new_length - x - 3);
3284 char *ellipsize_mem(const char *s, size_t old_length, size_t new_length, unsigned percent) {
3288 unsigned k, len, len2;
3291 assert(percent <= 100);
3292 assert(new_length >= 3);
3294 /* if no multibyte characters use ascii_ellipsize_mem for speed */
3295 if (ascii_is_valid(s))
3296 return ascii_ellipsize_mem(s, old_length, new_length, percent);
3298 if (old_length <= 3 || old_length <= new_length)
3299 return strndup(s, old_length);
3301 x = (new_length * percent) / 100;
3303 if (x > new_length - 3)
3307 for (i = s; k < x && i < s + old_length; i = utf8_next_char(i)) {
3310 c = utf8_encoded_to_unichar(i);
3313 k += unichar_iswide(c) ? 2 : 1;
3316 if (k > x) /* last character was wide and went over quota */
3319 for (j = s + old_length; k < new_length && j > i; ) {
3322 j = utf8_prev_char(j);
3323 c = utf8_encoded_to_unichar(j);
3326 k += unichar_iswide(c) ? 2 : 1;
3330 /* we don't actually need to ellipsize */
3332 return memdup(s, old_length + 1);
3334 /* make space for ellipsis */
3335 j = utf8_next_char(j);
3338 len2 = s + old_length - j;
3339 e = new(char, len + 3 + len2 + 1);
3344 printf("old_length=%zu new_length=%zu x=%zu len=%u len2=%u k=%u\n",
3345 old_length, new_length, x, len, len2, k);
3349 e[len] = 0xe2; /* tri-dot ellipsis: … */
3353 memcpy(e + len + 3, j, len2 + 1);
3358 char *ellipsize(const char *s, size_t length, unsigned percent) {
3359 return ellipsize_mem(s, strlen(s), length, percent);
3362 int touch_file(const char *path, bool parents, usec_t stamp, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, mode_t mode) {
3363 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
3369 mkdir_parents(path, 0755);
3371 fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, mode > 0 ? mode : 0644);
3376 r = fchmod(fd, mode);
3381 if (uid != (uid_t) -1 || gid != (gid_t) -1) {
3382 r = fchown(fd, uid, gid);
3387 if (stamp != (usec_t) -1) {
3388 struct timespec ts[2];
3390 timespec_store(&ts[0], stamp);
3392 r = futimens(fd, ts);
3394 r = futimens(fd, NULL);
3401 int touch(const char *path) {