1 # -*- Mode: python; coding:utf-8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
3 # This file is part of systemd.
5 # Copyright 2012 David Strauss <david@davidstrauss.net>
6 # Copyright 2012 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek <zbyszek@in.waw.pl>
7 # Copyright 2012 Marti Raudsepp <marti@juffo.org>
9 # systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
10 # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
11 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
12 # (at your option) any later version.
14 # systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
15 # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
17 # Lesser General Public License for more details.
19 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
20 # along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
26 import traceback as _traceback
28 import logging as _logging
29 from syslog import (LOG_EMERG, LOG_ALERT, LOG_CRIT, LOG_ERR,
30 LOG_WARNING, LOG_NOTICE, LOG_INFO, LOG_DEBUG)
31 from ._journal import sendv, stream_fd
32 from ._reader import (_Journal, NOP, APPEND, INVALIDATE,
33 LOCAL_ONLY, RUNTIME_ONLY, SYSTEM_ONLY)
35 _MONOTONIC_CONVERTER = lambda x: datetime.timedelta(microseconds=float(x))
36 _REALTIME_CONVERTER = lambda x: datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(float(x)/1E6)
37 DEFAULT_CONVERTERS = {
38 'MESSAGE_ID': uuid.UUID,
42 'USERSPACE_USEC': int,
48 'SYSLOG_FACILITY': int,
50 '_AUDIT_SESSION': int,
51 '_AUDIT_LOGINUID': int,
52 '_SYSTEMD_SESSION': int,
53 '_SYSTEMD_OWNER_UID': int,
57 '_SOURCE_REALTIME_TIMESTAMP': _REALTIME_CONVERTER,
58 '__REALTIME_TIMESTAMP': _REALTIME_CONVERTER,
59 '_SOURCE_MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP': _MONOTONIC_CONVERTER,
60 '__MONOTONIC_TIMESTAMP': _MONOTONIC_CONVERTER,
65 'COREDUMP_SESSION': int,
66 'COREDUMP_SIGNAL': int,
67 'COREDUMP_TIMESTAMP': _REALTIME_CONVERTER,
70 if sys.version_info >= (3,):
71 _convert_unicode = functools.partial(str, encoding='utf-8')
73 _convert_unicode = functools.partial(unicode, encoding='utf-8')
75 class Journal(_Journal):
76 def __init__(self, converters=None, *args, **kwargs):
77 super(Journal, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
78 if sys.version_info >= (3,3):
79 self.converters = ChainMap()
80 if converters is not None:
81 self.converters.maps.append(converters)
82 self.converters.maps.append(DEFAULT_CONVERTERS)
84 # suitable fallback, e.g.
85 self.converters = DEFAULT_CONVERTERS.copy()
86 if converters is not None:
87 self.converters.update(converters)
89 def _convert_field(self, key, value):
91 result = self.converters[key](value)
93 # Default conversion in unicode
95 result = _convert_unicode(value)
97 # Leave in default bytes
101 def _convert_entry(self, entry):
103 for key, value in entry.iteritems():
104 if isinstance(value, list):
105 result[key] = [self._convert_field(key, val) for val in value]
107 result[key] = self._convert_field(key, value)
110 def get_next(self, *args, **kwargs):
111 return self._convert_entry(
112 super(Journal, self).get_next(*args, **kwargs))
114 def query_unique(self, key, *args, **kwargs):
115 return set(self._convert_field(key, value)
116 for value in super(Journal, self).query_unique(key, *args, **kwargs))
118 def _make_line(field, value):
119 if isinstance(value, bytes):
120 return field.encode('utf-8') + b'=' + value
122 return field + '=' + value
124 def send(MESSAGE, MESSAGE_ID=None,
125 CODE_FILE=None, CODE_LINE=None, CODE_FUNC=None,
127 r"""Send a message to the journal.
129 >>> journal.send('Hello world')
130 >>> journal.send('Hello, again, world', FIELD2='Greetings!')
131 >>> journal.send('Binary message', BINARY=b'\xde\xad\xbe\xef')
133 Value of the MESSAGE argument will be used for the MESSAGE=
134 field. MESSAGE must be a string and will be sent as UTF-8 to
137 MESSAGE_ID can be given to uniquely identify the type of
138 message. It must be a string or a uuid.UUID object.
140 CODE_LINE, CODE_FILE, and CODE_FUNC can be specified to
141 identify the caller. Unless at least on of the three is given,
142 values are extracted from the stack frame of the caller of
143 send(). CODE_FILE and CODE_FUNC must be strings, CODE_LINE
146 Additional fields for the journal entry can only be specified
147 as keyword arguments. The payload can be either a string or
148 bytes. A string will be sent as UTF-8, and bytes will be sent
149 as-is to the journal.
151 Other useful fields include PRIORITY, SYSLOG_FACILITY,
152 SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER, SYSLOG_PID.
155 args = ['MESSAGE=' + MESSAGE]
157 if MESSAGE_ID is not None:
158 id = getattr(MESSAGE_ID, 'hex', MESSAGE_ID)
159 args.append('MESSAGE_ID=' + id)
161 if CODE_LINE == CODE_FILE == CODE_FUNC == None:
162 CODE_FILE, CODE_LINE, CODE_FUNC = \
163 _traceback.extract_stack(limit=2)[0][:3]
164 if CODE_FILE is not None:
165 args.append('CODE_FILE=' + CODE_FILE)
166 if CODE_LINE is not None:
167 args.append('CODE_LINE={:d}'.format(CODE_LINE))
168 if CODE_FUNC is not None:
169 args.append('CODE_FUNC=' + CODE_FUNC)
171 args.extend(_make_line(key, val) for key, val in kwargs.items())
174 def stream(identifier, priority=LOG_DEBUG, level_prefix=False):
175 r"""Return a file object wrapping a stream to journal.
177 Log messages written to this file as simple newline sepearted
178 text strings are written to the journal.
180 The file will be line buffered, so messages are actually sent
181 after a newline character is written.
183 >>> stream = journal.stream('myapp')
185 <open file '<fdopen>', mode 'w' at 0x...>
186 >>> stream.write('message...\n')
188 will produce the following message in the journal::
191 SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=myapp
194 Using the interface with print might be more convinient:
196 >>> from __future__ import print_function
197 >>> print('message...', file=stream)
199 priority is the syslog priority, one of `LOG_EMERG`,
200 `LOG_ALERT`, `LOG_CRIT`, `LOG_ERR`, `LOG_WARNING`,
201 `LOG_NOTICE`, `LOG_INFO`, `LOG_DEBUG`.
203 level_prefix is a boolean. If true, kernel-style log priority
204 level prefixes (such as '<1>') are interpreted. See
205 sd-daemon(3) for more information.
208 fd = stream_fd(identifier, priority, level_prefix)
209 return _os.fdopen(fd, 'w', 1)
211 class JournalHandler(_logging.Handler):
212 """Journal handler class for the Python logging framework.
214 Please see the Python logging module documentation for an
215 overview: http://docs.python.org/library/logging.html.
217 To create a custom logger whose messages go only to journal:
219 >>> log = logging.getLogger('custom_logger_name')
220 >>> log.propagate = False
221 >>> log.addHandler(journal.JournalHandler())
222 >>> log.warn("Some message: %s", detail)
224 Note that by default, message levels `INFO` and `DEBUG` are
225 ignored by the logging framework. To enable those log levels:
227 >>> log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
229 To attach journal MESSAGE_ID, an extra field is supported:
232 >>> mid = uuid.UUID('0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF')
233 >>> log.warn("Message with ID", extra={'MESSAGE_ID': mid})
235 To redirect all logging messages to journal regardless of where
236 they come from, attach it to the root logger:
238 >>> logging.root.addHandler(journal.JournalHandler())
240 For more complex configurations when using `dictConfig` or
241 `fileConfig`, specify `systemd.journal.JournalHandler` as the
242 handler class. Only standard handler configuration options
243 are supported: `level`, `formatter`, `filters`.
245 The following journal fields will be sent:
246 `MESSAGE`, `PRIORITY`, `THREAD_NAME`, `CODE_FILE`, `CODE_LINE`,
247 `CODE_FUNC`, `LOGGER` (name as supplied to getLogger call),
248 `MESSAGE_ID` (optional, see above).
251 def emit(self, record):
252 """Write record as journal event.
254 MESSAGE is taken from the message provided by the
255 user, and PRIORITY, LOGGER, THREAD_NAME,
256 CODE_{FILE,LINE,FUNC} fields are appended
257 automatically. In addition, record.MESSAGE_ID will be
261 msg = self.format(record)
262 pri = self.mapPriority(record.levelno)
263 mid = getattr(record, 'MESSAGE_ID', None)
266 PRIORITY=format(pri),
268 THREAD_NAME=record.threadName,
269 CODE_FILE=record.pathname,
270 CODE_LINE=record.lineno,
271 CODE_FUNC=record.funcName)
273 self.handleError(record)
276 def mapPriority(levelno):
277 """Map logging levels to journald priorities.
279 Since Python log level numbers are "sparse", we have
280 to map numbers in between the standard levels too.
282 if levelno <= _logging.DEBUG:
284 elif levelno <= _logging.INFO:
286 elif levelno <= _logging.WARNING:
288 elif levelno <= _logging.ERROR:
290 elif levelno <= _logging.CRITICAL: