src/manager.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <assert.h>
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <string.h>
  25 #include <sys/epoll.h>
  26 #include <signal.h>
  27 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
  28 #include <sys/wait.h>
  29 #include <unistd.h>
  30 #include <sys/poll.h>
  31 #include <sys/reboot.h>
  32 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  33 #include <linux/kd.h>
  34 #include <termios.h>
  35 #include <fcntl.h>
  36 #include <sys/types.h>
  37 #include <sys/stat.h>
  38 #include <dirent.h>
  39
  40 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
  41 #include <libaudit.h>
  42 #endif
  43
  44 #include "manager.h"
  45 #include "hashmap.h"
  46 #include "macro.h"
  47 #include "strv.h"
  48 #include "log.h"
  49 #include "util.h"
  50 #include "ratelimit.h"
  51 #include "cgroup.h"
  52 #include "mount-setup.h"
  53 #include "unit-name.h"
  54 #include "dbus-unit.h"
  55 #include "dbus-job.h"
  56 #include "missing.h"
  57 #include "path-lookup.h"
  58 #include "special.h"
  59 #include "bus-errors.h"
  60 #include "exit-status.h"
  61 #include "sd-daemon.h"
  62
  63 /* As soon as 16 units are in our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
  64 #define GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX 16
  65
  66 /* As soon as 5s passed since a unit was added to our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
  67 #define GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX (10*USEC_PER_SEC)
  68
  69 /* Where clients shall send notification messages to */
  70 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM "/run/systemd/notify"
  71 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/notify"
  72
  73 static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
  74         union {
  75                 struct sockaddr sa;
  76                 struct sockaddr_un un;
  77         } sa;
  78         struct epoll_event ev;
  79         int one = 1, r;
  80         mode_t u;
  81
  82         assert(m);
  83
  84         m->notify_watch.type = WATCH_NOTIFY;
  85         if ((m->notify_watch.fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
  86                 log_error("Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
  87                 return -errno;
  88         }
  89
  90         zero(sa);
  91         sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
  92
  93         if (getpid() != 1)
  94                 snprintf(sa.un.sun_path, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path), NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "/%llu", random_ull());
  95         else {
  96                 unlink(NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM);
  97                 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path));
  98         }
  99
 100         if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == '@')
 101                 sa.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
 102
 103         u = umask(0111);
 104         r = bind(m->notify_watch.fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1));
 105         umask(u);
 106
 107         if (r < 0) {
 108                 log_error("bind() failed: %m");
 109                 return -errno;
 110         }
 111
 112         if (setsockopt(m->notify_watch.fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) {
 113                 log_error("SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
 114                 return -errno;
 115         }
 116
 117         zero(ev);
 118         ev.events = EPOLLIN;
 119         ev.data.ptr = &m->notify_watch;
 120
 121         if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->notify_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
 122                 return -errno;
 123
 124         if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == 0)
 125                 sa.un.sun_path[0] = '@';
 126
 127         if (!(m->notify_socket = strdup(sa.un.sun_path)))
 128                 return -ENOMEM;
 129
 130         log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
 131
 132         return 0;
 133 }
 134
 135 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
 136         int fd;
 137
 138         assert(m);
 139
 140         /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del */
 141         if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0)
 142                 log_warning("Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
 143
 144         if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 145                 log_warning("Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
 146         else {
 147                 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
 148                 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
 149                         log_warning("Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %s", strerror(errno));
 150
 151                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 152         }
 153
 154         return 0;
 155 }
 156
 157 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
 158         sigset_t mask;
 159         struct epoll_event ev;
 160         struct sigaction sa;
 161
 162         assert(m);
 163
 164         /* We are not interested in SIGSTOP and friends. */
 165         zero(sa);
 166         sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
 167         sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
 168         assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
 169
 170         assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
 171
 172         sigset_add_many(&mask,
 173                         SIGCHLD,     /* Child died */
 174                         SIGTERM,     /* Reexecute daemon */
 175                         SIGHUP,      /* Reload configuration */
 176                         SIGUSR1,     /* systemd/upstart: reconnect to D-Bus */
 177                         SIGUSR2,     /* systemd: dump status */
 178                         SIGINT,      /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
 179                         SIGWINCH,    /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
 180                         SIGPWR,      /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
 181                         SIGRTMIN+0,  /* systemd: start default.target */
 182                         SIGRTMIN+1,  /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
 183                         SIGRTMIN+2,  /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
 184                         SIGRTMIN+3,  /* systemd: start halt.target */
 185                         SIGRTMIN+4,  /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
 186                         SIGRTMIN+5,  /* systemd: start reboot.target */
 187                         SIGRTMIN+6,  /* systemd: start kexec.target */
 188                         SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
 189                         SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
 190                         SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
 191                         SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
 192                         SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
 193                         SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
 194                         SIGRTMIN+22, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_DEBUG */
 195                         SIGRTMIN+23, /* systemd: set log level to LOG_INFO */
 196                         SIGRTMIN+27, /* systemd: set log target to console */
 197                         SIGRTMIN+28, /* systemd: set log target to kmsg */
 198                         SIGRTMIN+29, /* systemd: set log target to syslog-or-kmsg */
 199                         -1);
 200         assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
 201
 202         m->signal_watch.type = WATCH_SIGNAL;
 203         if ((m->signal_watch.fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 204                 return -errno;
 205
 206         zero(ev);
 207         ev.events = EPOLLIN;
 208         ev.data.ptr = &m->signal_watch;
 209
 210         if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->signal_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
 211                 return -errno;
 212
 213         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
 214                 return enable_special_signals(m);
 215
 216         return 0;
 217 }
 218
 219 int manager_new(ManagerRunningAs running_as, Manager **_m) {
 220         Manager *m;
 221         int r = -ENOMEM;
 222
 223         assert(_m);
 224         assert(running_as >= 0);
 225         assert(running_as < _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX);
 226
 227         if (!(m = new0(Manager, 1)))
 228                 return -ENOMEM;
 229
 230         dual_timestamp_get(&m->startup_timestamp);
 231
 232         m->running_as = running_as;
 233         m->name_data_slot = m->subscribed_data_slot = -1;
 234         m->exit_code = _MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_INVALID;
 235         m->pin_cgroupfs_fd = -1;
 236
 237 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 238         m->audit_fd = -1;
 239 #endif
 240
 241         m->signal_watch.fd = m->mount_watch.fd = m->udev_watch.fd = m->epoll_fd = m->dev_autofs_fd = m->swap_watch.fd = -1;
 242         m->current_job_id = 1; /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
 243
 244         if (!(m->environment = strv_copy(environ)))
 245                 goto fail;
 246
 247         if (!(m->default_controllers = strv_new("cpu", NULL)))
 248                 goto fail;
 249
 250         if (!(m->units = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 251                 goto fail;
 252
 253         if (!(m->jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 254                 goto fail;
 255
 256         if (!(m->transaction_jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 257                 goto fail;
 258
 259         if (!(m->watch_pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
 260                 goto fail;
 261
 262         if (!(m->cgroup_bondings = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 263                 goto fail;
 264
 265         if (!(m->watch_bus = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
 266                 goto fail;
 267
 268         if ((m->epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
 269                 goto fail;
 270
 271         if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as, true)) < 0)
 272                 goto fail;
 273
 274         if ((r = manager_setup_signals(m)) < 0)
 275                 goto fail;
 276
 277         if ((r = manager_setup_cgroup(m)) < 0)
 278                 goto fail;
 279
 280         if ((r = manager_setup_notify(m)) < 0)
 281                 goto fail;
 282
 283         /* Try to connect to the busses, if possible. */
 284         if ((r = bus_init(m, running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0)
 285                 goto fail;
 286
 287 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 288         if ((m->audit_fd = audit_open()) < 0)
 289                 log_error("Failed to connect to audit log: %m");
 290 #endif
 291
 292         m->taint_usr = dir_is_empty("/usr") > 0;
 293
 294         *_m = m;
 295         return 0;
 296
 297 fail:
 298         manager_free(m);
 299         return r;
 300 }
 301
 302 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
 303         Meta *meta;
 304         unsigned n = 0;
 305
 306         assert(m);
 307
 308         while ((meta = m->cleanup_queue)) {
 309                 assert(meta->in_cleanup_queue);
 310
 311                 unit_free((Unit*) meta);
 312                 n++;
 313         }
 314
 315         return n;
 316 }
 317
 318 enum {
 319         GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH,  /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
 320         GC_OFFSET_UNSURE,   /* No clue */
 321         GC_OFFSET_GOOD,     /* We still need this unit */
 322         GC_OFFSET_BAD,      /* We don't need this unit anymore */
 323         _GC_OFFSET_MAX
 324 };
 325
 326 static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
 327         Iterator i;
 328         Unit *other;
 329         bool is_bad;
 330
 331         assert(u);
 332
 333         if (u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD ||
 334             u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
 335             u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH)
 336                 return;
 337
 338         if (u->meta.in_cleanup_queue)
 339                 goto bad;
 340
 341         if (unit_check_gc(u))
 342                 goto good;
 343
 344         u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
 345
 346         is_bad = true;
 347
 348         SET_FOREACH(other, u->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REFERENCED_BY], i) {
 349                 unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
 350
 351                 if (other->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
 352                         goto good;
 353
 354                 if (other->meta.gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
 355                         is_bad = false;
 356         }
 357
 358         if (is_bad)
 359                 goto bad;
 360
 361         /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
 362          * let's investigate it later */
 363         u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
 364         unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
 365         return;
 366
 367 bad:
 368         /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
 369          * let's mark it for deletion */
 370         u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
 371         unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
 372         return;
 373
 374 good:
 375         u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
 376 }
 377
 378 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_queue(Manager *m) {
 379         Meta *meta;
 380         unsigned n = 0;
 381         unsigned gc_marker;
 382
 383         assert(m);
 384
 385         if ((m->n_in_gc_queue < GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX) &&
 386             (m->gc_queue_timestamp <= 0 ||
 387              (m->gc_queue_timestamp + GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX) > now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)))
 388                 return 0;
 389
 390         log_debug("Running GC...");
 391
 392         m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
 393         if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
 394                 m->gc_marker = 1;
 395
 396         gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
 397
 398         while ((meta = m->gc_queue)) {
 399                 assert(meta->in_gc_queue);
 400
 401                 unit_gc_sweep((Unit*) meta, gc_marker);
 402
 403                 LIST_REMOVE(Meta, gc_queue, m->gc_queue, meta);
 404                 meta->in_gc_queue = false;
 405
 406                 n++;
 407
 408                 if (meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
 409                     meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE) {
 410                         log_debug("Collecting %s", meta->id);
 411                         meta->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
 412                         unit_add_to_cleanup_queue((Unit*) meta);
 413                 }
 414         }
 415
 416         m->n_in_gc_queue = 0;
 417         m->gc_queue_timestamp = 0;
 418
 419         return n;
 420 }
 421
 422 static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
 423         Job *j;
 424         Unit *u;
 425
 426         assert(m);
 427
 428         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
 429                 job_free(j);
 430
 431         while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
 432                 unit_free(u);
 433
 434         manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
 435
 436         assert(!m->load_queue);
 437         assert(!m->run_queue);
 438         assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
 439         assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
 440         assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
 441         assert(!m->gc_queue);
 442
 443         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
 444         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
 445         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
 446 }
 447
 448 void manager_free(Manager *m) {
 449         UnitType c;
 450
 451         assert(m);
 452
 453         manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
 454
 455         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
 456                 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
 457                         unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
 458
 459         /* If we reexecute ourselves, we keep the root cgroup
 460          * around */
 461         manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, m->exit_code != MANAGER_REEXECUTE);
 462
 463         manager_undo_generators(m);
 464
 465         bus_done(m);
 466
 467         hashmap_free(m->units);
 468         hashmap_free(m->jobs);
 469         hashmap_free(m->transaction_jobs);
 470         hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
 471         hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
 472
 473         if (m->epoll_fd >= 0)
 474                 close_nointr_nofail(m->epoll_fd);
 475         if (m->signal_watch.fd >= 0)
 476                 close_nointr_nofail(m->signal_watch.fd);
 477         if (m->notify_watch.fd >= 0)
 478                 close_nointr_nofail(m->notify_watch.fd);
 479
 480 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
 481         if (m->audit_fd >= 0)
 482                 audit_close(m->audit_fd);
 483 #endif
 484
 485         free(m->notify_socket);
 486
 487         lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
 488         strv_free(m->environment);
 489
 490         strv_free(m->default_controllers);
 491
 492         hashmap_free(m->cgroup_bondings);
 493         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 494
 495         free(m);
 496 }
 497
 498 int manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
 499         int r = 0, q;
 500         UnitType c;
 501
 502         assert(m);
 503
 504         /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel
 505          * that it might know */
 506         for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
 507                 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
 508                         if ((q = unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m)) < 0)
 509                                 r = q;
 510
 511         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
 512         return r;
 513 }
 514
 515 int manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
 516         int r = 0, q;
 517         Iterator i;
 518         Unit *u;
 519         char *k;
 520
 521         assert(m);
 522
 523         /* Then, let's set up their initial state. */
 524         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
 525
 526                 /* ignore aliases */
 527                 if (u->meta.id != k)
 528                         continue;
 529
 530                 if ((q = unit_coldplug(u)) < 0)
 531                         r = q;
 532         }
 533
 534         return r;
 535 }
 536
 537 static void manager_build_unit_path_cache(Manager *m) {
 538         char **i;
 539         DIR *d = NULL;
 540         int r;
 541
 542         assert(m);
 543
 544         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 545
 546         if (!(m->unit_path_cache = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
 547                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit path cache.");
 548                 return;
 549         }
 550
 551         /* This simply builds a list of files we know exist, so that
 552          * we don't always have to go to disk */
 553
 554         STRV_FOREACH(i, m->lookup_paths.unit_path) {
 555                 struct dirent *de;
 556
 557                 if (!(d = opendir(*i))) {
 558                         log_error("Failed to open directory: %m");
 559                         continue;
 560                 }
 561
 562                 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
 563                         char *p;
 564
 565                         if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
 566                                 continue;
 567
 568                         p = join(streq(*i, "/") ? "" : *i, "/", de->d_name, NULL);
 569                         if (!p) {
 570                                 r = -ENOMEM;
 571                                 goto fail;
 572                         }
 573
 574                         if ((r = set_put(m->unit_path_cache, p)) < 0) {
 575                                 free(p);
 576                                 goto fail;
 577                         }
 578                 }
 579
 580                 closedir(d);
 581                 d = NULL;
 582         }
 583
 584         return;
 585
 586 fail:
 587         log_error("Failed to build unit path cache: %s", strerror(-r));
 588
 589         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
 590         m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
 591
 592         if (d)
 593                 closedir(d);
 594 }
 595
 596 int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds) {
 597         int r, q;
 598
 599         assert(m);
 600
 601         manager_run_generators(m);
 602
 603         manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
 604
 605         /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration
 606          * this is already known, so we increase the counter here
 607          * already */
 608         if (serialization)
 609                 m->n_reloading ++;
 610
 611         /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
 612         r = manager_enumerate(m);
 613
 614         /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
 615         if (serialization)
 616                 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds)) < 0)
 617                         r = q;
 618
 619         /* Third, fire things up! */
 620         if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
 621                 r = q;
 622
 623         if (serialization) {
 624                 assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
 625                 m->n_reloading --;
 626         }
 627
 628         return r;
 629 }
 630
 631 static void transaction_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
 632         assert(m);
 633         assert(j);
 634
 635         /* Deletes one job from the transaction */
 636
 637         manager_transaction_unlink_job(m, j, delete_dependencies);
 638
 639         if (!j->installed)
 640                 job_free(j);
 641 }
 642
 643 static void transaction_delete_unit(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
 644         Job *j;
 645
 646         /* Deletes all jobs associated with a certain unit from the
 647          * transaction */
 648
 649         while ((j = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
 650                 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 651 }
 652
 653 static void transaction_clean_dependencies(Manager *m) {
 654         Iterator i;
 655         Job *j;
 656
 657         assert(m);
 658
 659         /* Drops all dependencies of all installed jobs */
 660
 661         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
 662                 while (j->subject_list)
 663                         job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
 664                 while (j->object_list)
 665                         job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
 666         }
 667
 668         assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
 669 }
 670
 671 static void transaction_abort(Manager *m) {
 672         Job *j;
 673
 674         assert(m);
 675
 676         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
 677                 if (j->installed)
 678                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
 679                 else
 680                         job_free(j);
 681
 682         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
 683
 684         transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
 685 }
 686
 687 static void transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(Manager *m, Job *j, unsigned generation) {
 688         JobDependency *l;
 689
 690         assert(m);
 691
 692         /* A recursive sweep through the graph that marks all units
 693          * that matter to the anchor job, i.e. are directly or
 694          * indirectly a dependency of the anchor job via paths that
 695          * are fully marked as mattering. */
 696
 697         if (j)
 698                 l = j->subject_list;
 699         else
 700                 l = m->transaction_anchor;
 701
 702         LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, l) {
 703
 704                 /* This link does not matter */
 705                 if (!l->matters)
 706                         continue;
 707
 708                 /* This unit has already been marked */
 709                 if (l->object->generation == generation)
 710                         continue;
 711
 712                 l->object->matters_to_anchor = true;
 713                 l->object->generation = generation;
 714
 715                 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, l->object, generation);
 716         }
 717 }
 718
 719 static void transaction_merge_and_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *other, JobType t) {
 720         JobDependency *l, *last;
 721
 722         assert(j);
 723         assert(other);
 724         assert(j->unit == other->unit);
 725         assert(!j->installed);
 726
 727         /* Merges 'other' into 'j' and then deletes j. */
 728
 729         j->type = t;
 730         j->state = JOB_WAITING;
 731         j->override = j->override || other->override;
 732
 733         j->matters_to_anchor = j->matters_to_anchor || other->matters_to_anchor;
 734
 735         /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
 736         last = NULL;
 737         LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, other->subject_list) {
 738                 assert(l->subject == other);
 739                 l->subject = j;
 740                 last = l;
 741         }
 742
 743         /* Merge both lists */
 744         if (last) {
 745                 last->subject_next = j->subject_list;
 746                 if (j->subject_list)
 747                         j->subject_list->subject_prev = last;
 748                 j->subject_list = other->subject_list;
 749         }
 750
 751         /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
 752         last = NULL;
 753         LIST_FOREACH(object, l, other->object_list) {
 754                 assert(l->object == other);
 755                 l->object = j;
 756                 last = l;
 757         }
 758
 759         /* Merge both lists */
 760         if (last) {
 761                 last->object_next = j->object_list;
 762                 if (j->object_list)
 763                         j->object_list->object_prev = last;
 764                 j->object_list = other->object_list;
 765         }
 766
 767         /* Kill the other job */
 768         other->subject_list = NULL;
 769         other->object_list = NULL;
 770         transaction_delete_job(m, other, true);
 771 }
 772 static bool job_is_conflicted_by(Job *j) {
 773         JobDependency *l;
 774
 775         assert(j);
 776
 777         /* Returns true if this job is pulled in by a least one
 778          * ConflictedBy dependency. */
 779
 780         LIST_FOREACH(object, l, j->object_list)
 781                 if (l->conflicts)
 782                         return true;
 783
 784         return false;
 785 }
 786
 787 static int delete_one_unmergeable_job(Manager *m, Job *j) {
 788         Job *k;
 789
 790         assert(j);
 791
 792         /* Tries to delete one item in the linked list
 793          * j->transaction_next->transaction_next->... that conflicts
 794          * with another one, in an attempt to make an inconsistent
 795          * transaction work. */
 796
 797         /* We rely here on the fact that if a merged with b does not
 798          * merge with c, either a or b merge with c neither */
 799         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
 800                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
 801                         Job *d;
 802
 803                         /* Is this one mergeable? Then skip it */
 804                         if (job_type_is_mergeable(j->type, k->type))
 805                                 continue;
 806
 807                         /* Ok, we found two that conflict, let's see if we can
 808                          * drop one of them */
 809                         if (!j->matters_to_anchor && !k->matters_to_anchor) {
 810
 811                                 /* Both jobs don't matter, so let's
 812                                  * find the one that is smarter to
 813                                  * remove. Let's think positive and
 814                                  * rather remove stops then starts --
 815                                  * except if something is being
 816                                  * stopped because it is conflicted by
 817                                  * another unit in which case we
 818                                  * rather remove the start. */
 819
 820                                 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), yes_no(j->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(j)));
 821                                 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type), yes_no(k->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(k)));
 822
 823                                 if (j->type == JOB_STOP) {
 824
 825                                         if (job_is_conflicted_by(j))
 826                                                 d = k;
 827                                         else
 828                                                 d = j;
 829
 830                                 } else if (k->type == JOB_STOP) {
 831
 832                                         if (job_is_conflicted_by(k))
 833                                                 d = j;
 834                                         else
 835                                                 d = k;
 836                                 } else
 837                                         d = j;
 838
 839                         } else if (!j->matters_to_anchor)
 840                                 d = j;
 841                         else if (!k->matters_to_anchor)
 842                                 d = k;
 843                         else
 844                                 return -ENOEXEC;
 845
 846                         /* Ok, we can drop one, so let's do so. */
 847                         log_debug("Fixing conflicting jobs by deleting job %s/%s", d->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(d->type));
 848                         transaction_delete_job(m, d, true);
 849                         return 0;
 850                 }
 851
 852         return -EINVAL;
 853 }
 854
 855 static int transaction_merge_jobs(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
 856         Job *j;
 857         Iterator i;
 858         int r;
 859
 860         assert(m);
 861
 862         /* First step, check whether any of the jobs for one specific
 863          * task conflict. If so, try to drop one of them. */
 864         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 865                 JobType t;
 866                 Job *k;
 867
 868                 t = j->type;
 869                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
 870                         if (job_type_merge(&t, k->type) >= 0)
 871                                 continue;
 872
 873                         /* OK, we could not merge all jobs for this
 874                          * action. Let's see if we can get rid of one
 875                          * of them */
 876
 877                         if ((r = delete_one_unmergeable_job(m, j)) >= 0)
 878                                 /* Ok, we managed to drop one, now
 879                                  * let's ask our callers to call us
 880                                  * again after garbage collecting */
 881                                 return -EAGAIN;
 882
 883                         /* We couldn't merge anything. Failure */
 884                         dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_JOBS_CONFLICTING, "Transaction contains conflicting jobs '%s' and '%s' for %s. Probably contradicting requirement dependencies configured.",
 885                                        job_type_to_string(t), job_type_to_string(k->type), k->unit->meta.id);
 886                         return r;
 887                 }
 888         }
 889
 890         /* Second step, merge the jobs. */
 891         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 892                 JobType t = j->type;
 893                 Job *k;
 894
 895                 /* Merge all transactions */
 896                 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next)
 897                         assert_se(job_type_merge(&t, k->type) == 0);
 898
 899                 /* If an active job is mergeable, merge it too */
 900                 if (j->unit->meta.job)
 901                         job_type_merge(&t, j->unit->meta.job->type); /* Might fail. Which is OK */
 902
 903                 while ((k = j->transaction_next)) {
 904                         if (j->installed) {
 905                                 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, k, j, t);
 906                                 j = k;
 907                         } else
 908                                 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, k, t);
 909                 }
 910
 911                 if (j->unit->meta.job && !j->installed)
 912                         transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, j->unit->meta.job, t);
 913
 914                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
 915                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 916         }
 917
 918         return 0;
 919 }
 920
 921 static void transaction_drop_redundant(Manager *m) {
 922         bool again;
 923
 924         assert(m);
 925
 926         /* Goes through the transaction and removes all jobs that are
 927          * a noop */
 928
 929         do {
 930                 Job *j;
 931                 Iterator i;
 932
 933                 again = false;
 934
 935                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
 936                         bool changes_something = false;
 937                         Job *k;
 938
 939                         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j) {
 940
 941                                 if (!job_is_anchor(k) &&
 942                                     (k->installed || job_type_is_redundant(k->type, unit_active_state(k->unit))) &&
 943                                     (!k->unit->meta.job || !job_type_is_conflicting(k->type, k->unit->meta.job->type)))
 944                                         continue;
 945
 946                                 changes_something = true;
 947                                 break;
 948                         }
 949
 950                         if (changes_something)
 951                                 continue;
 952
 953                         /* log_debug("Found redundant job %s/%s, dropping.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
 954                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, false);
 955                         again = true;
 956                         break;
 957                 }
 958
 959         } while (again);
 960 }
 961
 962 static bool unit_matters_to_anchor(Unit *u, Job *j) {
 963         assert(u);
 964         assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 965
 966         /* Checks whether at least one of the jobs for this unit
 967          * matters to the anchor. */
 968
 969         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
 970                 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
 971                         return true;
 972
 973         return false;
 974 }
 975
 976 static int transaction_verify_order_one(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *from, unsigned generation, DBusError *e) {
 977         Iterator i;
 978         Unit *u;
 979         int r;
 980
 981         assert(m);
 982         assert(j);
 983         assert(!j->transaction_prev);
 984
 985         /* Does a recursive sweep through the ordering graph, looking
 986          * for a cycle. If we find cycle we try to break it. */
 987
 988         /* Have we seen this before? */
 989         if (j->generation == generation) {
 990                 Job *k, *delete;
 991
 992                 /* If the marker is NULL we have been here already and
 993                  * decided the job was loop-free from here. Hence
 994                  * shortcut things and return right-away. */
 995                 if (!j->marker)
 996                         return 0;
 997
 998                 /* So, the marker is not NULL and we already have been
 999                  * here. We have a cycle. Let's try to break it. We go
1000                  * backwards in our path and try to find a suitable
1001                  * job to remove. We use the marker to find our way
1002                  * back, since smart how we are we stored our way back
1003                  * in there. */
1004                 log_warning("Found ordering cycle on %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1005
1006                 delete = NULL;
1007                 for (k = from; k; k = ((k->generation == generation && k->marker != k) ? k->marker : NULL)) {
1008
1009                         log_info("Walked on cycle path to %s/%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type));
1010
1011                         if (!delete &&
1012                             !k->installed &&
1013                             !unit_matters_to_anchor(k->unit, k)) {
1014                                 /* Ok, we can drop this one, so let's
1015                                  * do so. */
1016                                 delete = k;
1017                         }
1018
1019                         /* Check if this in fact was the beginning of
1020                          * the cycle */
1021                         if (k == j)
1022                                 break;
1023                 }
1024
1025
1026                 if (delete) {
1027                         log_warning("Breaking ordering cycle by deleting job %s/%s", delete->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(delete->type));
1028                         transaction_delete_unit(m, delete->unit);
1029                         return -EAGAIN;
1030                 }
1031
1032                 log_error("Unable to break cycle");
1033
1034                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_ORDER_IS_CYCLIC, "Transaction order is cyclic. See system logs for details.");
1035                 return -ENOEXEC;
1036         }
1037
1038         /* Make the marker point to where we come from, so that we can
1039          * find our way backwards if we want to break a cycle. We use
1040          * a special marker for the beginning: we point to
1041          * ourselves. */
1042         j->marker = from ? from : j;
1043         j->generation = generation;
1044
1045         /* We assume that the the dependencies are bidirectional, and
1046          * hence can ignore UNIT_AFTER */
1047         SET_FOREACH(u, j->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BEFORE], i) {
1048                 Job *o;
1049
1050                 /* Is there a job for this unit? */
1051                 if (!(o = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
1052
1053                         /* Ok, there is no job for this in the
1054                          * transaction, but maybe there is already one
1055                          * running? */
1056                         if (!(o = u->meta.job))
1057                                 continue;
1058
1059                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, o, j, generation, e)) < 0)
1060                         return r;
1061         }
1062
1063         /* Ok, let's backtrack, and remember that this entry is not on
1064          * our path anymore. */
1065         j->marker = NULL;
1066
1067         return 0;
1068 }
1069
1070 static int transaction_verify_order(Manager *m, unsigned *generation, DBusError *e) {
1071         Job *j;
1072         int r;
1073         Iterator i;
1074         unsigned g;
1075
1076         assert(m);
1077         assert(generation);
1078
1079         /* Check if the ordering graph is cyclic. If it is, try to fix
1080          * that up by dropping one of the jobs. */
1081
1082         g = (*generation)++;
1083
1084         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i)
1085                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, j, NULL, g, e)) < 0)
1086                         return r;
1087
1088         return 0;
1089 }
1090
1091 static void transaction_collect_garbage(Manager *m) {
1092         bool again;
1093
1094         assert(m);
1095
1096         /* Drop jobs that are not required by any other job */
1097
1098         do {
1099                 Iterator i;
1100                 Job *j;
1101
1102                 again = false;
1103
1104                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1105                         if (j->object_list) {
1106                                 /* log_debug("Keeping job %s/%s because of %s/%s", */
1107                                 /*           j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), */
1108                                 /*           j->object_list->subject ? j->object_list->subject->unit->meta.id : "root", */
1109                                 /*           j->object_list->subject ? job_type_to_string(j->object_list->subject->type) : "root"); */
1110                                 continue;
1111                         }
1112
1113                         /* log_debug("Garbage collecting job %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
1114                         transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1115                         again = true;
1116                         break;
1117                 }
1118
1119         } while (again);
1120 }
1121
1122 static int transaction_is_destructive(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
1123         Iterator i;
1124         Job *j;
1125
1126         assert(m);
1127
1128         /* Checks whether applying this transaction means that
1129          * existing jobs would be replaced */
1130
1131         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1132
1133                 /* Assume merged */
1134                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1135                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1136
1137                 if (j->unit->meta.job &&
1138                     j->unit->meta.job != j &&
1139                     !job_type_is_superset(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type)) {
1140
1141                         dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE, "Transaction is destructive.");
1142                         return -EEXIST;
1143                 }
1144         }
1145
1146         return 0;
1147 }
1148
1149 static void transaction_minimize_impact(Manager *m) {
1150         bool again;
1151         assert(m);
1152
1153         /* Drops all unnecessary jobs that reverse already active jobs
1154          * or that stop a running service. */
1155
1156         do {
1157                 Job *j;
1158                 Iterator i;
1159
1160                 again = false;
1161
1162                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1163                         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j) {
1164                                 bool stops_running_service, changes_existing_job;
1165
1166                                 /* If it matters, we shouldn't drop it */
1167                                 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
1168                                         continue;
1169
1170                                 /* Would this stop a running service?
1171                                  * Would this change an existing job?
1172                                  * If so, let's drop this entry */
1173
1174                                 stops_running_service =
1175                                         j->type == JOB_STOP && UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(j->unit));
1176
1177                                 changes_existing_job =
1178                                         j->unit->meta.job &&
1179                                         job_type_is_conflicting(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type);
1180
1181                                 if (!stops_running_service && !changes_existing_job)
1182                                         continue;
1183
1184                                 if (stops_running_service)
1185                                         log_debug("%s/%s would stop a running service.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1186
1187                                 if (changes_existing_job)
1188                                         log_debug("%s/%s would change existing job.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1189
1190                                 /* Ok, let's get rid of this */
1191                                 log_debug("Deleting %s/%s to minimize impact.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1192
1193                                 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1194                                 again = true;
1195                                 break;
1196                         }
1197
1198                         if (again)
1199                                 break;
1200                 }
1201
1202         } while (again);
1203 }
1204
1205 static int transaction_apply(Manager *m, JobMode mode) {
1206         Iterator i;
1207         Job *j;
1208         int r;
1209
1210         /* Moves the transaction jobs to the set of active jobs */
1211
1212         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE) {
1213
1214                 /* When isolating first kill all installed jobs which
1215                  * aren't part of the new transaction */
1216                 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
1217                         assert(j->installed);
1218
1219                         if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit))
1220                                 continue;
1221
1222                         job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED);
1223                 }
1224         }
1225
1226         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1227                 /* Assume merged */
1228                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1229                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1230
1231                 if (j->installed)
1232                         continue;
1233
1234                 if ((r = hashmap_put(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id), j)) < 0)
1235                         goto rollback;
1236         }
1237
1238         while ((j = hashmap_steal_first(m->transaction_jobs))) {
1239                 if (j->installed) {
1240                         /* log_debug("Skipping already installed job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id); */
1241                         continue;
1242                 }
1243
1244                 if (j->unit->meta.job)
1245                         job_free(j->unit->meta.job);
1246
1247                 j->unit->meta.job = j;
1248                 j->installed = true;
1249                 m->n_installed_jobs ++;
1250
1251                 /* We're fully installed. Now let's free data we don't
1252                  * need anymore. */
1253
1254                 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1255                 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1256
1257                 job_add_to_run_queue(j);
1258                 job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
1259                 job_start_timer(j);
1260
1261                 log_debug("Installed new job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
1262         }
1263
1264         /* As last step, kill all remaining job dependencies. */
1265         transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
1266
1267         return 0;
1268
1269 rollback:
1270
1271         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1272                 if (j->installed)
1273                         continue;
1274
1275                 hashmap_remove(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id));
1276         }
1277
1278         return r;
1279 }
1280
1281 static int transaction_activate(Manager *m, JobMode mode, DBusError *e) {
1282         int r;
1283         unsigned generation = 1;
1284
1285         assert(m);
1286
1287         /* This applies the changes recorded in transaction_jobs to
1288          * the actual list of jobs, if possible. */
1289
1290         /* First step: figure out which jobs matter */
1291         transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, NULL, generation++);
1292
1293         /* Second step: Try not to stop any running services if
1294          * we don't have to. Don't try to reverse running
1295          * jobs if we don't have to. */
1296         if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1297                 transaction_minimize_impact(m);
1298
1299         /* Third step: Drop redundant jobs */
1300         transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1301
1302         for (;;) {
1303                 /* Fourth step: Let's remove unneeded jobs that might
1304                  * be lurking. */
1305                 if (mode != JOB_ISOLATE)
1306                         transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1307
1308                 /* Fifth step: verify order makes sense and correct
1309                  * cycles if necessary and possible */
1310                 if ((r = transaction_verify_order(m, &generation, e)) >= 0)
1311                         break;
1312
1313                 if (r != -EAGAIN) {
1314                         log_warning("Requested transaction contains an unfixable cyclic ordering dependency: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1315                         goto rollback;
1316                 }
1317
1318                 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction ordering
1319                  * graph is still cyclic... */
1320         }
1321
1322         for (;;) {
1323                 /* Sixth step: let's drop unmergeable entries if
1324                  * necessary and possible, merge entries we can
1325                  * merge */
1326                 if ((r = transaction_merge_jobs(m, e)) >= 0)
1327                         break;
1328
1329                 if (r != -EAGAIN) {
1330                         log_warning("Requested transaction contains unmergeable jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1331                         goto rollback;
1332                 }
1333
1334                 /* Seventh step: an entry got dropped, let's garbage
1335                  * collect its dependencies. */
1336                 if (mode != JOB_ISOLATE)
1337                         transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1338
1339                 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction still has
1340                  * unmergeable entries ... */
1341         }
1342
1343         /* Eights step: Drop redundant jobs again, if the merging now allows us to drop more. */
1344         transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1345
1346         /* Ninth step: check whether we can actually apply this */
1347         if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1348                 if ((r = transaction_is_destructive(m, e)) < 0) {
1349                         log_notice("Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1350                         goto rollback;
1351                 }
1352
1353         /* Tenth step: apply changes */
1354         if ((r = transaction_apply(m, mode)) < 0) {
1355                 log_warning("Failed to apply transaction: %s", strerror(-r));
1356                 goto rollback;
1357         }
1358
1359         assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
1360         assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
1361
1362         return 0;
1363
1364 rollback:
1365         transaction_abort(m);
1366         return r;
1367 }
1368
1369 static Job* transaction_add_one_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, bool override, bool *is_new) {
1370         Job *j, *f;
1371
1372         assert(m);
1373         assert(unit);
1374
1375         /* Looks for an existing prospective job and returns that. If
1376          * it doesn't exist it is created and added to the prospective
1377          * jobs list. */
1378
1379         f = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, unit);
1380
1381         LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, f) {
1382                 assert(j->unit == unit);
1383
1384                 if (j->type == type) {
1385                         if (is_new)
1386                                 *is_new = false;
1387                         return j;
1388                 }
1389         }
1390
1391         if (unit->meta.job && unit->meta.job->type == type)
1392                 j = unit->meta.job;
1393         else if (!(j = job_new(m, type, unit)))
1394                 return NULL;
1395
1396         j->generation = 0;
1397         j->marker = NULL;
1398         j->matters_to_anchor = false;
1399         j->override = override;
1400
1401         LIST_PREPEND(Job, transaction, f, j);
1402
1403         if (hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, unit, f) < 0) {
1404                 job_free(j);
1405                 return NULL;
1406         }
1407
1408         if (is_new)
1409                 *is_new = true;
1410
1411         /* log_debug("Added job %s/%s to transaction.", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type)); */
1412
1413         return j;
1414 }
1415
1416 void manager_transaction_unlink_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
1417         assert(m);
1418         assert(j);
1419
1420         if (j->transaction_prev)
1421                 j->transaction_prev->transaction_next = j->transaction_next;
1422         else if (j->transaction_next)
1423                 hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j->transaction_next);
1424         else
1425                 hashmap_remove_value(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j);
1426
1427         if (j->transaction_next)
1428                 j->transaction_next->transaction_prev = j->transaction_prev;
1429
1430         j->transaction_prev = j->transaction_next = NULL;
1431
1432         while (j->subject_list)
1433                 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
1434
1435         while (j->object_list) {
1436                 Job *other = j->object_list->matters ? j->object_list->subject : NULL;
1437
1438                 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
1439
1440                 if (other && delete_dependencies) {
1441                         log_debug("Deleting job %s/%s as dependency of job %s/%s",
1442                                   other->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(other->type),
1443                                   j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1444                         transaction_delete_job(m, other, delete_dependencies);
1445                 }
1446         }
1447 }
1448
1449 static int transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(
1450                 Manager *m,
1451                 JobType type,
1452                 Unit *unit,
1453                 Job *by,
1454                 bool matters,
1455                 bool override,
1456                 bool conflicts,
1457                 bool ignore_requirements,
1458                 bool ignore_order,
1459                 DBusError *e,
1460                 Job **_ret) {
1461         Job *ret;
1462         Iterator i;
1463         Unit *dep;
1464         int r;
1465         bool is_new;
1466
1467         assert(m);
1468         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1469         assert(unit);
1470
1471         /* log_debug("Pulling in %s/%s from %s/%s", */
1472         /*           unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), */
1473         /*           by ? by->unit->meta.id : "NA", */
1474         /*           by ? job_type_to_string(by->type) : "NA"); */
1475
1476         if (unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_LOADED &&
1477             unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_ERROR &&
1478             unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_MASKED) {
1479                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED, "Unit %s is not loaded properly.", unit->meta.id);
1480                 return -EINVAL;
1481         }
1482
1483         if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1484                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED,
1485                                "Unit %s failed to load: %s. "
1486                                "See system logs and 'systemctl status %s' for details.",
1487                                unit->meta.id,
1488                                strerror(-unit->meta.load_error),
1489                                unit->meta.id);
1490                 return -EINVAL;
1491         }
1492
1493         if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1494                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_MASKED, "Unit %s is masked.", unit->meta.id);
1495                 return -EINVAL;
1496         }
1497
1498         if (!unit_job_is_applicable(unit, type)) {
1499                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE, "Job type %s is not applicable for unit %s.", job_type_to_string(type), unit->meta.id);
1500                 return -EBADR;
1501         }
1502
1503         /* First add the job. */
1504         if (!(ret = transaction_add_one_job(m, type, unit, override, &is_new)))
1505                 return -ENOMEM;
1506
1507         ret->ignore_order = ret->ignore_order || ignore_order;
1508
1509         /* Then, add a link to the job. */
1510         if (!job_dependency_new(by, ret, matters, conflicts))
1511                 return -ENOMEM;
1512
1513         if (is_new && !ignore_requirements) {
1514                 Set *following;
1515
1516                 /* If we are following some other unit, make sure we
1517                  * add all dependencies of everybody following. */
1518                 if (unit_following_set(ret->unit, &following) > 0) {
1519                         SET_FOREACH(dep, following, i)
1520                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1521                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1522
1523                                         if (e)
1524                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1525                                 }
1526
1527                         set_free(following);
1528                 }
1529
1530                 /* Finally, recursively add in all dependencies. */
1531                 if (type == JOB_START || type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
1532                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES], i)
1533                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1534                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1535                                                 goto fail;
1536
1537                                         if (e)
1538                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1539                                 }
1540
1541                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BIND_TO], i)
1542                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1543
1544                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1545                                                 goto fail;
1546
1547                                         if (e)
1548                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1549                                 }
1550
1551                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1552                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1553                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1554
1555                                         if (e)
1556                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1557                                 }
1558
1559                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_WANTS], i)
1560                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, false, false, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1561                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1562
1563                                         if (e)
1564                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1565                                 }
1566
1567                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE], i)
1568                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1569
1570                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1571                                                 goto fail;
1572
1573                                         if (e)
1574                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1575                                 }
1576
1577                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1578                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1579                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1580
1581                                         if (e)
1582                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1583                                 }
1584
1585                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTS], i)
1586                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, true, override, true, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1587
1588                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1589                                                 goto fail;
1590
1591                                         if (e)
1592                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1593                                 }
1594
1595                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTED_BY], i)
1596                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1597                                         log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1598
1599                                         if (e)
1600                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1601                                 }
1602
1603                 } else if (type == JOB_STOP || type == JOB_RESTART || type == JOB_TRY_RESTART) {
1604
1605                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY], i)
1606                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1607
1608                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1609                                                 goto fail;
1610
1611                                         if (e)
1612                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1613                                 }
1614
1615                         SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BOUND_BY], i)
1616                                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1617
1618                                         if (r != -EBADR)
1619                                                 goto fail;
1620
1621                                         if (e)
1622                                                 dbus_error_free(e);
1623                                 }
1624                 }
1625
1626                 /* JOB_VERIFY_STARTED, JOB_RELOAD require no dependency handling */
1627         }
1628
1629         if (_ret)
1630                 *_ret = ret;
1631
1632         return 0;
1633
1634 fail:
1635         return r;
1636 }
1637
1638 static int transaction_add_isolate_jobs(Manager *m) {
1639         Iterator i;
1640         Unit *u;
1641         char *k;
1642         int r;
1643
1644         assert(m);
1645
1646         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
1647
1648                 /* ignore aliases */
1649                 if (u->meta.id != k)
1650                         continue;
1651
1652                 if (u->meta.ignore_on_isolate)
1653                         continue;
1654
1655                 /* No need to stop inactive jobs */
1656                 if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_FAILED(unit_active_state(u)) && !u->meta.job)
1657                         continue;
1658
1659                 /* Is there already something listed for this? */
1660                 if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u))
1661                         continue;
1662
1663                 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, u, NULL, true, false, false, false, false, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
1664                         log_warning("Cannot add isolate job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", u->meta.id, strerror(-r));
1665         }
1666
1667         return 0;
1668 }
1669
1670 int manager_add_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1671         int r;
1672         Job *ret;
1673
1674         assert(m);
1675         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1676         assert(unit);
1677         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1678
1679         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START) {
1680                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_JOB_MODE, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
1681                 return -EINVAL;
1682         }
1683
1684         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->meta.allow_isolate) {
1685                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
1686                 return -EPERM;
1687         }
1688
1689         log_debug("Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
1690
1691         if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, unit, NULL, true, override, false,
1692                                                       mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES || mode == JOB_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS,
1693                                                       mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, e, &ret)) < 0) {
1694                 transaction_abort(m);
1695                 return r;
1696         }
1697
1698         if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE)
1699                 if ((r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(m)) < 0) {
1700                         transaction_abort(m);
1701                         return r;
1702                 }
1703
1704         if ((r = transaction_activate(m, mode, e)) < 0)
1705                 return r;
1706
1707         log_debug("Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) ret->id);
1708
1709         if (_ret)
1710                 *_ret = ret;
1711
1712         return 0;
1713 }
1714
1715 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1716         Unit *unit;
1717         int r;
1718
1719         assert(m);
1720         assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1721         assert(name);
1722         assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1723
1724         if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit)) < 0)
1725                 return r;
1726
1727         return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, override, e, _ret);
1728 }
1729
1730 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
1731         assert(m);
1732
1733         return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
1734 }
1735
1736 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1737         assert(m);
1738         assert(name);
1739
1740         return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
1741 }
1742
1743 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
1744         Meta *meta;
1745         unsigned n = 0;
1746
1747         assert(m);
1748
1749         /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
1750         if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
1751                 return 0;
1752
1753         m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
1754
1755         /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
1756          * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
1757
1758         while ((meta = m->load_queue)) {
1759                 assert(meta->in_load_queue);
1760
1761                 unit_load((Unit*) meta);
1762                 n++;
1763         }
1764
1765         m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
1766         return n;
1767 }
1768
1769 int manager_load_unit_prepare(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1770         Unit *ret;
1771         int r;
1772
1773         assert(m);
1774         assert(name || path);
1775
1776         /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually
1777          * load anything from disk. */
1778
1779         if (path && !is_path(path)) {
1780                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_PATH, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
1781                 return -EINVAL;
1782         }
1783
1784         if (!name)
1785                 name = file_name_from_path(path);
1786
1787         if (!unit_name_is_valid(name, false)) {
1788                 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_NAME, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
1789                 return -EINVAL;
1790         }
1791
1792         if ((ret = manager_get_unit(m, name))) {
1793                 *_ret = ret;
1794                 return 1;
1795         }
1796
1797         if (!(ret = unit_new(m)))
1798                 return -ENOMEM;
1799
1800         if (path)
1801                 if (!(ret->meta.fragment_path = strdup(path))) {
1802                         unit_free(ret);
1803                         return -ENOMEM;
1804                 }
1805
1806         if ((r = unit_add_name(ret, name)) < 0) {
1807                 unit_free(ret);
1808                 return r;
1809         }
1810
1811         unit_add_to_load_queue(ret);
1812         unit_add_to_dbus_queue(ret);
1813         unit_add_to_gc_queue(ret);
1814
1815         if (_ret)
1816                 *_ret = ret;
1817
1818         return 0;
1819 }
1820
1821 int manager_load_unit(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1822         int r;
1823
1824         assert(m);
1825
1826         /* This will load the service information files, but not actually
1827          * start any services or anything. */
1828
1829         if ((r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, _ret)) != 0)
1830                 return r;
1831
1832         manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1833
1834         if (_ret)
1835                 *_ret = unit_follow_merge(*_ret);
1836
1837         return 0;
1838 }
1839
1840 void manager_dump_jobs(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1841         Iterator i;
1842         Job *j;
1843
1844         assert(s);
1845         assert(f);
1846
1847         HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, s->jobs, i)
1848                 job_dump(j, f, prefix);
1849 }
1850
1851 void manager_dump_units(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1852         Iterator i;
1853         Unit *u;
1854         const char *t;
1855
1856         assert(s);
1857         assert(f);
1858
1859         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, s->units, i)
1860                 if (u->meta.id == t)
1861                         unit_dump(u, f, prefix);
1862 }
1863
1864 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
1865         Job *j;
1866
1867         assert(m);
1868
1869         transaction_abort(m);
1870
1871         while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
1872                 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED);
1873 }
1874
1875 unsigned manager_dispatch_run_queue(Manager *m) {
1876         Job *j;
1877         unsigned n = 0;
1878
1879         if (m->dispatching_run_queue)
1880                 return 0;
1881
1882         m->dispatching_run_queue = true;
1883
1884         while ((j = m->run_queue)) {
1885                 assert(j->installed);
1886                 assert(j->in_run_queue);
1887
1888                 job_run_and_invalidate(j);
1889                 n++;
1890         }
1891
1892         m->dispatching_run_queue = false;
1893         return n;
1894 }
1895
1896 unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
1897         Job *j;
1898         Meta *meta;
1899         unsigned n = 0;
1900
1901         assert(m);
1902
1903         if (m->dispatching_dbus_queue)
1904                 return 0;
1905
1906         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = true;
1907
1908         while ((meta = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
1909                 assert(meta->in_dbus_queue);
1910
1911                 bus_unit_send_change_signal((Unit*) meta);
1912                 n++;
1913         }
1914
1915         while ((j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
1916                 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
1917
1918                 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
1919                 n++;
1920         }
1921
1922         m->dispatching_dbus_queue = false;
1923         return n;
1924 }
1925
1926 static int manager_process_notify_fd(Manager *m) {
1927         ssize_t n;
1928
1929         assert(m);
1930
1931         for (;;) {
1932                 char buf[4096];
1933                 struct msghdr msghdr;
1934                 struct iovec iovec;
1935                 struct ucred *ucred;
1936                 union {
1937                         struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
1938                         uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred))];
1939                 } control;
1940                 Unit *u;
1941                 char **tags;
1942
1943                 zero(iovec);
1944                 iovec.iov_base = buf;
1945                 iovec.iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1;
1946
1947                 zero(control);
1948                 zero(msghdr);
1949                 msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
1950                 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
1951                 msghdr.msg_control = &control;
1952                 msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(control);
1953
1954                 if ((n = recvmsg(m->notify_watch.fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT)) <= 0) {
1955                         if (n >= 0)
1956                                 return -EIO;
1957
1958                         if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
1959                                 break;
1960
1961                         return -errno;
1962                 }
1963
1964                 if (msghdr.msg_controllen < CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)) ||
1965                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET ||
1966                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_type != SCM_CREDENTIALS ||
1967                     control.cmsghdr.cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
1968                         log_warning("Received notify message without credentials. Ignoring.");
1969                         continue;
1970                 }
1971
1972                 ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(&control.cmsghdr);
1973
1974                 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(ucred->pid))))
1975                         if (!(u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, ucred->pid))) {
1976                                 log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID %lu.", (unsigned long) ucred->pid);
1977                                 continue;
1978                         }
1979
1980                 assert((size_t) n < sizeof(buf));
1981                 buf[n] = 0;
1982                 if (!(tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r")))
1983                         return -ENOMEM;
1984
1985                 log_debug("Got notification message for unit %s", u->meta.id);
1986
1987                 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
1988                         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, ucred->pid, tags);
1989
1990                 strv_free(tags);
1991         }
1992
1993         return 0;
1994 }
1995
1996 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(Manager *m) {
1997         assert(m);
1998
1999         for (;;) {
2000                 siginfo_t si;
2001                 Unit *u;
2002                 int r;
2003
2004                 zero(si);
2005
2006                 /* First we call waitd() for a PID and do not reap the
2007                  * zombie. That way we can still access /proc/$PID for
2008                  * it while it is a zombie. */
2009                 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
2010
2011                         if (errno == ECHILD)
2012                                 break;
2013
2014                         if (errno == EINTR)
2015                                 continue;
2016
2017                         return -errno;
2018                 }
2019
2020                 if (si.si_pid <= 0)
2021                         break;
2022
2023                 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED || si.si_code == CLD_KILLED || si.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
2024                         char *name = NULL;
2025
2026                         get_process_name(si.si_pid, &name);
2027                         log_debug("Got SIGCHLD for process %lu (%s)", (unsigned long) si.si_pid, strna(name));
2028                         free(name);
2029                 }
2030
2031                 /* Let's flush any message the dying child might still
2032                  * have queued for us. This ensures that the process
2033                  * still exists in /proc so that we can figure out
2034                  * which cgroup and hence unit it belongs to. */
2035                 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2036                         return r;
2037
2038                 /* And now figure out the unit this belongs to */
2039                 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid))))
2040                         u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, si.si_pid);
2041
2042                 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
2043                 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
2044                         if (errno == EINTR)
2045                                 continue;
2046
2047                         return -errno;
2048                 }
2049
2050                 if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED && si.si_code != CLD_KILLED && si.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
2051                         continue;
2052
2053                 log_debug("Child %lu died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
2054                           (long unsigned) si.si_pid,
2055                           sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
2056                           si.si_status,
2057                           strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
2058                                 ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
2059                                 : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
2060
2061                 if (!u)
2062                         continue;
2063
2064                 log_debug("Child %lu belongs to %s", (long unsigned) si.si_pid, u->meta.id);
2065
2066                 hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
2067                 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si.si_pid, si.si_code, si.si_status);
2068         }
2069
2070         return 0;
2071 }
2072
2073 static int manager_start_target(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
2074         int r;
2075         DBusError error;
2076
2077         dbus_error_init(&error);
2078
2079         log_debug("Activating special unit %s", name);
2080
2081         if ((r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, JOB_START, name, mode, true, &error, NULL)) < 0)
2082                 log_error("Failed to enqueue %s job: %s", name, bus_error(&error, r));
2083
2084         dbus_error_free(&error);
2085
2086         return r;
2087 }
2088
2089 static int manager_process_signal_fd(Manager *m) {
2090         ssize_t n;
2091         struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
2092         bool sigchld = false;
2093
2094         assert(m);
2095
2096         for (;;) {
2097                 if ((n = read(m->signal_watch.fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi))) != sizeof(sfsi)) {
2098
2099                         if (n >= 0)
2100                                 return -EIO;
2101
2102                         if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2103                                 break;
2104
2105                         return -errno;
2106                 }
2107
2108                 if (sfsi.ssi_pid > 0) {
2109                         char *p = NULL;
2110
2111                         get_process_name(sfsi.ssi_pid, &p);
2112
2113                         log_debug("Received SIG%s from PID %lu (%s).",
2114                                   strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)),
2115                                   (unsigned long) sfsi.ssi_pid, strna(p));
2116                         free(p);
2117                 } else
2118                         log_debug("Received SIG%s.", strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)));
2119
2120                 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
2121
2122                 case SIGCHLD:
2123                         sigchld = true;
2124                         break;
2125
2126                 case SIGTERM:
2127                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2128                                 /* This is for compatibility with the
2129                                  * original sysvinit */
2130                                 m->exit_code = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
2131                                 break;
2132                         }
2133
2134                         /* Fall through */
2135
2136                 case SIGINT:
2137                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2138                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2139                                 break;
2140                         }
2141
2142                         /* Run the exit target if there is one, if not, just exit. */
2143                         if (manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE) < 0) {
2144                                 m->exit_code = MANAGER_EXIT;
2145                                 return 0;
2146                         }
2147
2148                         break;
2149
2150                 case SIGWINCH:
2151                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2152                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2153
2154                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
2155                         break;
2156
2157                 case SIGPWR:
2158                         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2159                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2160
2161                         /* This is a nop on non-init */
2162                         break;
2163
2164                 case SIGUSR1: {
2165                         Unit *u;
2166
2167                         u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
2168
2169                         if (!u || UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2170                                 log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
2171                                 bus_init(m, true);
2172                         }
2173
2174                         if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2175                                 log_info("Loading D-Bus service...");
2176                                 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
2177                         }
2178
2179                         break;
2180                 }
2181
2182                 case SIGUSR2: {
2183                         FILE *f;
2184                         char *dump = NULL;
2185                         size_t size;
2186
2187                         if (!(f = open_memstream(&dump, &size))) {
2188                                 log_warning("Failed to allocate memory stream.");
2189                                 break;
2190                         }
2191
2192                         manager_dump_units(m, f, "\t");
2193                         manager_dump_jobs(m, f, "\t");
2194
2195                         if (ferror(f)) {
2196                                 fclose(f);
2197                                 free(dump);
2198                                 log_warning("Failed to write status stream");
2199                                 break;
2200                         }
2201
2202                         fclose(f);
2203                         log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
2204                         free(dump);
2205
2206                         break;
2207                 }
2208
2209                 case SIGHUP:
2210                         m->exit_code = MANAGER_RELOAD;
2211                         break;
2212
2213                 default: {
2214
2215                         /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
2216                         static const char * const target_table[] = {
2217                                 [0] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
2218                                 [1] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
2219                                 [2] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
2220                                 [3] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
2221                                 [4] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
2222                                 [5] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
2223                                 [6] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET
2224                         };
2225
2226                         /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
2227                         static const ManagerExitCode code_table[] = {
2228                                 [0] = MANAGER_HALT,
2229                                 [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
2230                                 [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
2231                                 [3] = MANAGER_KEXEC
2232                         };
2233
2234                         if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
2235                             (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
2236                                 manager_start_target(m, target_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN],
2237                                                      (sfsi.ssi_signo == 1 || sfsi.ssi_signo == 2) ? JOB_ISOLATE : JOB_REPLACE);
2238                                 break;
2239                         }
2240
2241                         if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
2242                             (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(code_table)) {
2243                                 m->exit_code = code_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
2244                                 break;
2245                         }
2246
2247                         switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
2248
2249                         case 20:
2250                                 log_debug("Enabling showing of status.");
2251                                 m->show_status = true;
2252                                 break;
2253
2254                         case 21:
2255                                 log_debug("Disabling showing of status.");
2256                                 m->show_status = false;
2257                                 break;
2258
2259                         case 22:
2260                                 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
2261                                 log_notice("Setting log level to debug.");
2262                                 break;
2263
2264                         case 23:
2265                                 log_set_max_level(LOG_INFO);
2266                                 log_notice("Setting log level to info.");
2267                                 break;
2268
2269                         case 27:
2270                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
2271                                 log_notice("Setting log target to console.");
2272                                 break;
2273
2274                         case 28:
2275                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
2276                                 log_notice("Setting log target to kmsg.");
2277                                 break;
2278
2279                         case 29:
2280                                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_SYSLOG_OR_KMSG);
2281                                 log_notice("Setting log target to syslog-or-kmsg.");
2282                                 break;
2283
2284                         default:
2285                                 log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)));
2286                         }
2287                 }
2288                 }
2289         }
2290
2291         if (sigchld)
2292                 return manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2293
2294         return 0;
2295 }
2296
2297 static int process_event(Manager *m, struct epoll_event *ev) {
2298         int r;
2299         Watch *w;
2300
2301         assert(m);
2302         assert(ev);
2303
2304         assert_se(w = ev->data.ptr);
2305
2306         if (w->type == WATCH_INVALID)
2307                 return 0;
2308
2309         switch (w->type) {
2310
2311         case WATCH_SIGNAL:
2312
2313                 /* An incoming signal? */
2314                 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2315                         return -EINVAL;
2316
2317                 if ((r = manager_process_signal_fd(m)) < 0)
2318                         return r;
2319
2320                 break;
2321
2322         case WATCH_NOTIFY:
2323
2324                 /* An incoming daemon notification event? */
2325                 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2326                         return -EINVAL;
2327
2328                 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2329                         return r;
2330
2331                 break;
2332
2333         case WATCH_FD:
2334
2335                 /* Some fd event, to be dispatched to the units */
2336                 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->fd_event(w->data.unit, w->fd, ev->events, w);
2337                 break;
2338
2339         case WATCH_UNIT_TIMER:
2340         case WATCH_JOB_TIMER: {
2341                 uint64_t v;
2342                 ssize_t k;
2343
2344                 /* Some timer event, to be dispatched to the units */
2345                 if ((k = read(w->fd, &v, sizeof(v))) != sizeof(v)) {
2346
2347                         if (k < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN))
2348                                 break;
2349
2350                         return k < 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
2351                 }
2352
2353                 if (w->type == WATCH_UNIT_TIMER)
2354                         UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->timer_event(w->data.unit, v, w);
2355                 else
2356                         job_timer_event(w->data.job, v, w);
2357                 break;
2358         }
2359
2360         case WATCH_MOUNT:
2361                 /* Some mount table change, intended for the mount subsystem */
2362                 mount_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2363                 break;
2364
2365         case WATCH_SWAP:
2366                 /* Some swap table change, intended for the swap subsystem */
2367                 swap_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2368                 break;
2369
2370         case WATCH_UDEV:
2371                 /* Some notification from udev, intended for the device subsystem */
2372                 device_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2373                 break;
2374
2375         case WATCH_DBUS_WATCH:
2376                 bus_watch_event(m, w, ev->events);
2377                 break;
2378
2379         case WATCH_DBUS_TIMEOUT:
2380                 bus_timeout_event(m, w, ev->events);
2381                 break;
2382
2383         default:
2384                 log_error("event type=%i", w->type);
2385                 assert_not_reached("Unknown epoll event type.");
2386         }
2387
2388         return 0;
2389 }
2390
2391 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
2392         int r;
2393
2394         RATELIMIT_DEFINE(rl, 1*USEC_PER_SEC, 50000);
2395
2396         assert(m);
2397         m->exit_code = MANAGER_RUNNING;
2398
2399         /* Release the path cache */
2400         set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
2401         m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
2402
2403         manager_check_finished(m);
2404
2405         /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from
2406          * before we were exec()'ed. Leat's reap them */
2407         if ((r = manager_dispatch_sigchld(m)) < 0)
2408                 return r;
2409
2410         while (m->exit_code == MANAGER_RUNNING) {
2411                 struct epoll_event event;
2412                 int n;
2413
2414                 if (!ratelimit_test(&rl)) {
2415                         /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
2416                         log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
2417                         sleep(1);
2418                 }
2419
2420                 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
2421                         continue;
2422
2423                 if (manager_dispatch_run_queue(m) > 0)
2424                         continue;
2425
2426                 if (bus_dispatch(m) > 0)
2427                         continue;
2428
2429                 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
2430                         continue;
2431
2432                 if (manager_dispatch_gc_queue(m) > 0)
2433                         continue;
2434
2435                 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
2436                         continue;
2437
2438                 if (swap_dispatch_reload(m) > 0)
2439                         continue;
2440
2441                 if ((n = epoll_wait(m->epoll_fd, &event, 1, -1)) < 0) {
2442
2443                         if (errno == EINTR)
2444                                 continue;
2445
2446                         return -errno;
2447                 }
2448
2449                 assert(n == 1);
2450
2451                 if ((r = process_event(m, &event)) < 0)
2452                         return r;
2453         }
2454
2455         return m->exit_code;
2456 }
2457
2458 int manager_get_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Unit **_u) {
2459         char *n;
2460         Unit *u;
2461
2462         assert(m);
2463         assert(s);
2464         assert(_u);
2465
2466         if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/unit/"))
2467                 return -EINVAL;
2468
2469         if (!(n = bus_path_unescape(s+31)))
2470                 return -ENOMEM;
2471
2472         u = manager_get_unit(m, n);
2473         free(n);
2474
2475         if (!u)
2476                 return -ENOENT;
2477
2478         *_u = u;
2479
2480         return 0;
2481 }
2482
2483 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
2484         Job *j;
2485         unsigned id;
2486         int r;
2487
2488         assert(m);
2489         assert(s);
2490         assert(_j);
2491
2492         if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/"))
2493                 return -EINVAL;
2494
2495         if ((r = safe_atou(s + 30, &id)) < 0)
2496                 return r;
2497
2498         if (!(j = manager_get_job(m, id)))
2499                 return -ENOENT;
2500
2501         *_j = j;
2502
2503         return 0;
2504 }
2505
2506 void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
2507
2508 #ifdef HAVE_AUDIT
2509         char *p;
2510
2511         if (m->audit_fd < 0)
2512                 return;
2513
2514         /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already
2515          * started and we're just deserializing */
2516         if (m->n_reloading > 0)
2517                 return;
2518
2519         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2520                 return;
2521
2522         if (u->meta.type != UNIT_SERVICE)
2523                 return;
2524
2525         if (!(p = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->meta.id))) {
2526                 log_error("Failed to allocate unit name for audit message: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
2527                 return;
2528         }
2529
2530         if (audit_log_user_comm_message(m->audit_fd, type, "", p, NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0) {
2531                 log_warning("Failed to send audit message: %m");
2532
2533                 if (errno == EPERM) {
2534                         /* We aren't allowed to send audit messages?
2535                          * Then let's not retry again, to avoid
2536                          * spamming the user with the same and same
2537                          * messages over and over. */
2538
2539                         audit_close(m->audit_fd);
2540                         m->audit_fd = -1;
2541                 }
2542         }
2543
2544         free(p);
2545 #endif
2546
2547 }
2548
2549 void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
2550         int fd = -1;
2551         union sockaddr_union sa;
2552         int n = 0;
2553         char *message = NULL;
2554
2555         /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already
2556          * started and we're just deserializing */
2557         if (m->n_reloading > 0)
2558                 return;
2559
2560         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2561                 return;
2562
2563         if (u->meta.type != UNIT_SERVICE &&
2564             u->meta.type != UNIT_MOUNT &&
2565             u->meta.type != UNIT_SWAP)
2566                 return;
2567
2568         /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the
2569          * message then wait for plymouth */
2570         if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
2571                 log_error("socket() failed: %m");
2572                 return;
2573         }
2574
2575         zero(sa);
2576         sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
2577         strncpy(sa.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/plymouthd", sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
2578         if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
2579
2580                 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2581                     errno != EAGAIN &&
2582                     errno != ENOENT &&
2583                     errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2584                     errno != ECONNRESET &&
2585                     errno != ECONNABORTED)
2586                         log_error("connect() failed: %m");
2587
2588                 goto finish;
2589         }
2590
2591         if (asprintf(&message, "U\002%c%s%n", (int) (strlen(u->meta.id) + 1), u->meta.id, &n) < 0) {
2592                 log_error("Out of memory");
2593                 goto finish;
2594         }
2595
2596         errno = 0;
2597         if (write(fd, message, n + 1) != n + 1) {
2598
2599                 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2600                     errno != EAGAIN &&
2601                     errno != ENOENT &&
2602                     errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2603                     errno != ECONNRESET &&
2604                     errno != ECONNABORTED)
2605                         log_error("Failed to write Plymouth message: %m");
2606
2607                 goto finish;
2608         }
2609
2610 finish:
2611         if (fd >= 0)
2612                 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2613
2614         free(message);
2615 }
2616
2617 void manager_dispatch_bus_name_owner_changed(
2618                 Manager *m,
2619                 const char *name,
2620                 const char* old_owner,
2621                 const char *new_owner) {
2622
2623         Unit *u;
2624
2625         assert(m);
2626         assert(name);
2627
2628         if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2629                 return;
2630
2631         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_name_owner_change(u, name, old_owner, new_owner);
2632 }
2633
2634 void manager_dispatch_bus_query_pid_done(
2635                 Manager *m,
2636                 const char *name,
2637                 pid_t pid) {
2638
2639         Unit *u;
2640
2641         assert(m);
2642         assert(name);
2643         assert(pid >= 1);
2644
2645         if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2646                 return;
2647
2648         UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_query_pid_done(u, name, pid);
2649 }
2650
2651 int manager_open_serialization(Manager *m, FILE **_f) {
2652         char *path = NULL;
2653         mode_t saved_umask;
2654         int fd;
2655         FILE *f;
2656
2657         assert(_f);
2658
2659         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2660                 asprintf(&path, "/run/systemd/dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2661         else
2662                 asprintf(&path, "/tmp/systemd-dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2663
2664         if (!path)
2665                 return -ENOMEM;
2666
2667         saved_umask = umask(0077);
2668         fd = mkostemp(path, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
2669         umask(saved_umask);
2670
2671         if (fd < 0) {
2672                 free(path);
2673                 return -errno;
2674         }
2675
2676         unlink(path);
2677
2678         log_debug("Serializing state to %s", path);
2679         free(path);
2680
2681         if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "w+")))
2682                 return -errno;
2683
2684         *_f = f;
2685
2686         return 0;
2687 }
2688
2689 int manager_serialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2690         Iterator i;
2691         Unit *u;
2692         const char *t;
2693         int r;
2694
2695         assert(m);
2696         assert(f);
2697         assert(fds);
2698
2699         m->n_reloading ++;
2700
2701         fprintf(f, "current-job-id=%i\n", m->current_job_id);
2702         fprintf(f, "taint-usr=%s\n", yes_no(m->taint_usr));
2703
2704         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "initrd-timestamp", &m->initrd_timestamp);
2705         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "startup-timestamp", &m->startup_timestamp);
2706         dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "finish-timestamp", &m->finish_timestamp);
2707
2708         fputc('\n', f);
2709
2710         HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, m->units, i) {
2711                 if (u->meta.id != t)
2712                         continue;
2713
2714                 if (!unit_can_serialize(u))
2715                         continue;
2716
2717                 /* Start marker */
2718                 fputs(u->meta.id, f);
2719                 fputc('\n', f);
2720
2721                 if ((r = unit_serialize(u, f, fds)) < 0) {
2722                         m->n_reloading --;
2723                         return r;
2724                 }
2725         }
2726
2727         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2728         m->n_reloading --;
2729
2730         if (ferror(f))
2731                 return -EIO;
2732
2733         r = bus_fdset_add_all(m, fds);
2734         if (r < 0)
2735                 return r;
2736
2737         return 0;
2738 }
2739
2740 int manager_deserialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2741         int r = 0;
2742
2743         assert(m);
2744         assert(f);
2745
2746         log_debug("Deserializing state...");
2747
2748         m->n_reloading ++;
2749
2750         for (;;) {
2751                 char line[LINE_MAX], *l;
2752
2753                 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
2754                         if (feof(f))
2755                                 r = 0;
2756                         else
2757                                 r = -errno;
2758
2759                         goto finish;
2760                 }
2761
2762                 char_array_0(line);
2763                 l = strstrip(line);
2764
2765                 if (l[0] == 0)
2766                         break;
2767
2768                 if (startswith(l, "current-job-id=")) {
2769                         uint32_t id;
2770
2771                         if (safe_atou32(l+15, &id) < 0)
2772                                 log_debug("Failed to parse current job id value %s", l+15);
2773                         else
2774                                 m->current_job_id = MAX(m->current_job_id, id);
2775                 } else if (startswith(l, "taint-usr=")) {
2776                         int b;
2777
2778                         if ((b = parse_boolean(l+10)) < 0)
2779                                 log_debug("Failed to parse taint /usr flag %s", l+10);
2780                         else
2781                                 m->taint_usr = m->taint_usr || b;
2782                 } else if (startswith(l, "initrd-timestamp="))
2783                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->initrd_timestamp);
2784                 else if (startswith(l, "startup-timestamp="))
2785                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+18, &m->startup_timestamp);
2786                 else if (startswith(l, "finish-timestamp="))
2787                         dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->finish_timestamp);
2788                 else
2789                         log_debug("Unknown serialization item '%s'", l);
2790         }
2791
2792         for (;;) {
2793                 Unit *u;
2794                 char name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+2];
2795
2796                 /* Start marker */
2797                 if (!fgets(name, sizeof(name), f)) {
2798                         if (feof(f))
2799                                 r = 0;
2800                         else
2801                                 r = -errno;
2802
2803                         goto finish;
2804                 }
2805
2806                 char_array_0(name);
2807
2808                 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, strstrip(name), NULL, NULL, &u)) < 0)
2809                         goto finish;
2810
2811                 if ((r = unit_deserialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2812                         goto finish;
2813         }
2814
2815 finish:
2816         if (ferror(f)) {
2817                 r = -EIO;
2818                 goto finish;
2819         }
2820
2821         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2822         m->n_reloading --;
2823
2824         return r;
2825 }
2826
2827 int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
2828         int r, q;
2829         FILE *f;
2830         FDSet *fds;
2831
2832         assert(m);
2833
2834         if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0)
2835                 return r;
2836
2837         m->n_reloading ++;
2838
2839         if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
2840                 m->n_reloading --;
2841                 r = -ENOMEM;
2842                 goto finish;
2843         }
2844
2845         if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0) {
2846                 m->n_reloading --;
2847                 goto finish;
2848         }
2849
2850         if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
2851                 m->n_reloading --;
2852                 r = -errno;
2853                 goto finish;
2854         }
2855
2856         /* From here on there is no way back. */
2857         manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
2858         manager_undo_generators(m);
2859
2860         /* Find new unit paths */
2861         lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
2862         if ((q = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as, true)) < 0)
2863                 r = q;
2864
2865         manager_run_generators(m);
2866
2867         manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
2868
2869         /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
2870         if ((q = manager_enumerate(m)) < 0)
2871                 r = q;
2872
2873         /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
2874         if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2875                 r = q;
2876
2877         fclose(f);
2878         f = NULL;
2879
2880         /* Third, fire things up! */
2881         if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
2882                 r = q;
2883
2884         assert(m->n_reloading > 0);
2885         m->n_reloading--;
2886
2887 finish:
2888         if (f)
2889                 fclose(f);
2890
2891         if (fds)
2892                 fdset_free(fds);
2893
2894         return r;
2895 }
2896
2897 bool manager_is_booting_or_shutting_down(Manager *m) {
2898         Unit *u;
2899
2900         assert(m);
2901
2902         /* Is the initial job still around? */
2903         if (manager_get_job(m, 1))
2904                 return true;
2905
2906         /* Is there a job for the shutdown target? */
2907         if (((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET))))
2908                 return !!u->meta.job;
2909
2910         return false;
2911 }
2912
2913 void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
2914         Unit *u;
2915         Iterator i;
2916
2917         assert(m);
2918
2919         HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i)
2920                 unit_reset_failed(u);
2921 }
2922
2923 bool manager_unit_pending_inactive(Manager *m, const char *name) {
2924         Unit *u;
2925
2926         assert(m);
2927         assert(name);
2928
2929         /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
2930         if (!(u = manager_get_unit(m, name)))
2931                 return true;
2932
2933         return unit_pending_inactive(u);
2934 }
2935
2936 void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
2937         char userspace[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], initrd[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], kernel[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], sum[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2938         usec_t kernel_usec = 0, initrd_usec = 0, userspace_usec = 0, total_usec = 0;
2939
2940         assert(m);
2941
2942         if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->finish_timestamp))
2943                 return;
2944
2945         if (hashmap_size(m->jobs) > 0)
2946                 return;
2947
2948         dual_timestamp_get(&m->finish_timestamp);
2949
2950         if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
2951
2952                 userspace_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
2953                 total_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic;
2954
2955                 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->initrd_timestamp)) {
2956
2957                         kernel_usec = m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic;
2958                         initrd_usec = m->startup_timestamp.monotonic - m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic;
2959
2960                         log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2961                                  format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel), kernel_usec),
2962                                  format_timespan(initrd, sizeof(initrd), initrd_usec),
2963                                  format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace), userspace_usec),
2964                                  format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
2965                 } else {
2966                         kernel_usec = m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
2967                         initrd_usec = 0;
2968
2969                         log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2970                                  format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel), kernel_usec),
2971                                  format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace), userspace_usec),
2972                                  format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
2973                 }
2974         } else {
2975                 userspace_usec = initrd_usec = kernel_usec = 0;
2976                 total_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
2977
2978                 log_debug("Startup finished in %s.",
2979                           format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
2980         }
2981
2982         bus_broadcast_finished(m, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec);
2983
2984         sd_notifyf(false,
2985                    "READY=1\nSTATUS=Startup finished in %s.",
2986                    format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
2987 }
2988
2989 void manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
2990         DIR *d = NULL;
2991         const char *generator_path;
2992         const char *argv[3];
2993         mode_t u;
2994
2995         assert(m);
2996
2997         generator_path = m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_GENERATOR_PATH : USER_GENERATOR_PATH;
2998         if (!(d = opendir(generator_path))) {
2999
3000                 if (errno == ENOENT)
3001                         return;
3002
3003                 log_error("Failed to enumerate generator directory: %m");
3004                 return;
3005         }
3006
3007         if (!m->generator_unit_path) {
3008                 const char *p;
3009                 char user_path[] = "/tmp/systemd-generator-XXXXXX";
3010
3011                 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && getpid() == 1) {
3012                         p = "/run/systemd/generator";
3013
3014                         if (mkdir_p(p, 0755) < 0) {
3015                                 log_error("Failed to create generator directory: %m");
3016                                 goto finish;
3017                         }
3018
3019                 } else {
3020                         if (!(p = mkdtemp(user_path))) {
3021                                 log_error("Failed to create generator directory: %m");
3022                                 goto finish;
3023                         }
3024                 }
3025
3026                 if (!(m->generator_unit_path = strdup(p))) {
3027                         log_error("Failed to allocate generator unit path.");
3028                         goto finish;
3029                 }
3030         }
3031
3032         argv[0] = NULL; /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
3033         argv[1] = m->generator_unit_path;
3034         argv[2] = NULL;
3035
3036         u = umask(0022);
3037         execute_directory(generator_path, d, (char**) argv);
3038         umask(u);
3039
3040         if (rmdir(m->generator_unit_path) >= 0) {
3041                 /* Uh? we were able to remove this dir? I guess that
3042                  * means the directory was empty, hence let's shortcut
3043                  * this */
3044
3045                 free(m->generator_unit_path);
3046                 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
3047                 goto finish;
3048         }
3049
3050         if (!strv_find(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path)) {
3051                 char **l;
3052
3053                 if (!(l = strv_append(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path))) {
3054                         log_error("Failed to add generator directory to unit search path: %m");
3055                         goto finish;
3056                 }
3057
3058                 strv_free(m->lookup_paths.unit_path);
3059                 m->lookup_paths.unit_path = l;
3060
3061                 log_debug("Added generator unit path %s to search path.", m->generator_unit_path);
3062         }
3063
3064 finish:
3065         if (d)
3066                 closedir(d);
3067 }
3068
3069 void manager_undo_generators(Manager *m) {
3070         assert(m);
3071
3072         if (!m->generator_unit_path)
3073                 return;
3074
3075         strv_remove(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path);
3076         rm_rf(m->generator_unit_path, false, true, false);
3077
3078         free(m->generator_unit_path);
3079         m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
3080 }
3081
3082 int manager_set_default_controllers(Manager *m, char **controllers) {
3083         char **l;
3084
3085         assert(m);
3086
3087         if (!(l = strv_copy(controllers)))
3088                 return -ENOMEM;
3089
3090         strv_free(m->default_controllers);
3091         m->default_controllers = l;
3092
3093         return 0;
3094 }
3095
3096 void manager_recheck_syslog(Manager *m) {
3097         Unit *u;
3098
3099         assert(m);
3100
3101         if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
3102                 return;
3103
3104         if ((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SYSLOG_SOCKET))) {
3105                 SocketState state;
3106
3107                 state = SOCKET(u)->state;
3108
3109                 if (state != SOCKET_DEAD &&
3110                     state != SOCKET_FAILED &&
3111                     state != SOCKET_RUNNING) {
3112
3113                         /* Hmm, the socket is not set up, or is still
3114                          * listening, let's better not try to use
3115                          * it. Note that we have no problem if the
3116                          * socket is completely down, since there
3117                          * might be a foreign /dev/log socket around
3118                          * and we want to make use of that.
3119                          */
3120
3121                         log_close_syslog();
3122                         return;
3123                 }
3124         }
3125
3126         if ((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SYSLOG_TARGET)))
3127                 if (TARGET(u)->state != TARGET_ACTIVE) {
3128                         log_close_syslog();
3129                         return;
3130                 }
3131
3132         /* Hmm, OK, so the socket is either fully up, or fully down,
3133          * and the target is up, then let's make use of the socket */
3134         log_open();
3135 }
3136
3137 static const char* const manager_running_as_table[_MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX] = {
3138         [MANAGER_SYSTEM] = "system",
3139         [MANAGER_USER] = "user"
3140 };
3141
3142 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_running_as, ManagerRunningAs);