src/main.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
   2
   3 /***
   4   This file is part of systemd.
   5
   6   Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
   7
   8   systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   9   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11   (at your option) any later version.
  12
  13   systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  16   General Public License for more details.
  17
  18   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19   along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  20 ***/
  21
  22 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
  23
  24 #include <stdio.h>
  25 #include <errno.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <unistd.h>
  28 #include <sys/types.h>
  29 #include <sys/stat.h>
  30 #include <getopt.h>
  31 #include <signal.h>
  32 #include <sys/wait.h>
  33 #include <fcntl.h>
  34 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  35
  36 #include "manager.h"
  37 #include "log.h"
  38 #include "mount-setup.h"
  39 #include "hostname-setup.h"
  40 #include "loopback-setup.h"
  41 #include "kmod-setup.h"
  42 #include "locale-setup.h"
  43 #include "selinux-setup.h"
  44 #include "ima-setup.h"
  45 #include "machine-id-setup.h"
  46 #include "load-fragment.h"
  47 #include "fdset.h"
  48 #include "special.h"
  49 #include "conf-parser.h"
  50 #include "bus-errors.h"
  51 #include "missing.h"
  52 #include "label.h"
  53 #include "build.h"
  54 #include "strv.h"
  55 #include "def.h"
  56 #include "virt.h"
  57 #include "watchdog.h"
  58
  59 static enum {
  60         ACTION_RUN,
  61         ACTION_HELP,
  62         ACTION_TEST,
  63         ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
  64         ACTION_DONE
  65 } arg_action = ACTION_RUN;
  66
  67 static char *arg_default_unit = NULL;
  68 static ManagerRunningAs arg_running_as = _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_INVALID;
  69
  70 static bool arg_dump_core = true;
  71 static bool arg_crash_shell = false;
  72 static int arg_crash_chvt = -1;
  73 static bool arg_confirm_spawn = false;
  74 static bool arg_show_status = true;
  75 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
  76 static bool arg_sysv_console = true;
  77 #endif
  78 static bool arg_mount_auto = true;
  79 static bool arg_swap_auto = true;
  80 static char **arg_default_controllers = NULL;
  81 static char ***arg_join_controllers = NULL;
  82 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_output = EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL;
  83 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_error = EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT;
  84 static usec_t arg_runtime_watchdog = 0;
  85 static usec_t arg_shutdown_watchdog = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
  86
  87 static FILE* serialization = NULL;
  88
  89 static void nop_handler(int sig) {
  90 }
  91
  92 _noreturn_ static void crash(int sig) {
  93
  94         if (!arg_dump_core)
  95                 log_error("Caught <%s>, not dumping core.", signal_to_string(sig));
  96         else {
  97                 struct sigaction sa;
  98                 pid_t pid;
  99
 100                 /* We want to wait for the core process, hence let's enable SIGCHLD */
 101                 zero(sa);
 102                 sa.sa_handler = nop_handler;
 103                 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
 104                 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
 105
 106                 if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
 107                         log_error("Caught <%s>, cannot fork for core dump: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(errno));
 108
 109                 else if (pid == 0) {
 110                         struct rlimit rl;
 111
 112                         /* Enable default signal handler for core dump */
 113                         zero(sa);
 114                         sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
 115                         assert_se(sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) == 0);
 116
 117                         /* Don't limit the core dump size */
 118                         zero(rl);
 119                         rl.rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
 120                         rl.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
 121                         setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rl);
 122
 123                         /* Just to be sure... */
 124                         assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
 125
 126                         /* Raise the signal again */
 127                         raise(sig);
 128
 129                         assert_not_reached("We shouldn't be here...");
 130                         _exit(1);
 131
 132                 } else {
 133                         siginfo_t status;
 134                         int r;
 135
 136                         /* Order things nicely. */
 137                         if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0)
 138                                 log_error("Caught <%s>, waitpid() failed: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(-r));
 139                         else if (status.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
 140                                 log_error("Caught <%s>, core dump failed.", signal_to_string(sig));
 141                         else
 142                                 log_error("Caught <%s>, dumped core as pid %lu.", signal_to_string(sig), (unsigned long) pid);
 143                 }
 144         }
 145
 146         if (arg_crash_chvt)
 147                 chvt(arg_crash_chvt);
 148
 149         if (arg_crash_shell) {
 150                 struct sigaction sa;
 151                 pid_t pid;
 152
 153                 log_info("Executing crash shell in 10s...");
 154                 sleep(10);
 155
 156                 /* Let the kernel reap children for us */
 157                 zero(sa);
 158                 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
 159                 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT|SA_RESTART;
 160                 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
 161
 162                 if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
 163                         log_error("Failed to fork off crash shell: %s", strerror(errno));
 164                 else if (pid == 0) {
 165                         int fd, r;
 166
 167                         if ((fd = acquire_terminal("/dev/console", false, true, true)) < 0)
 168                                 log_error("Failed to acquire terminal: %s", strerror(-fd));
 169                         else if ((r = make_stdio(fd)) < 0)
 170                                 log_error("Failed to duplicate terminal fd: %s", strerror(-r));
 171
 172                         execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", NULL);
 173
 174                         log_error("execl() failed: %s", strerror(errno));
 175                         _exit(1);
 176                 }
 177
 178                 log_info("Successfully spawned crash shell as pid %lu.", (unsigned long) pid);
 179         }
 180
 181         log_info("Freezing execution.");
 182         freeze();
 183 }
 184
 185 static void install_crash_handler(void) {
 186         struct sigaction sa;
 187
 188         zero(sa);
 189
 190         sa.sa_handler = crash;
 191         sa.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER;
 192
 193         sigaction_many(&sa, SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER, -1);
 194 }
 195
 196 static int console_setup(bool do_reset) {
 197         int tty_fd, r;
 198
 199         /* If we are init, we connect stdin/stdout/stderr to /dev/null
 200          * and make sure we don't have a controlling tty. */
 201
 202         release_terminal();
 203
 204         if (!do_reset)
 205                 return 0;
 206
 207         tty_fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
 208         if (tty_fd < 0) {
 209                 log_error("Failed to open /dev/console: %s", strerror(-tty_fd));
 210                 return -tty_fd;
 211         }
 212
 213         /* We don't want to force text mode.
 214          * plymouth may be showing pictures already from initrd. */
 215         r = reset_terminal_fd(tty_fd, false);
 216         if (r < 0)
 217                 log_error("Failed to reset /dev/console: %s", strerror(-r));
 218
 219         close_nointr_nofail(tty_fd);
 220         return r;
 221 }
 222
 223 static int set_default_unit(const char *u) {
 224         char *c;
 225
 226         assert(u);
 227
 228         if (!(c = strdup(u)))
 229                 return -ENOMEM;
 230
 231         free(arg_default_unit);
 232         arg_default_unit = c;
 233         return 0;
 234 }
 235
 236 static int parse_proc_cmdline_word(const char *word) {
 237
 238         static const char * const rlmap[] = {
 239                 "emergency", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
 240                 "-b",        SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
 241                 "single",    SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
 242                 "-s",        SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
 243                 "s",         SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
 244                 "S",         SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
 245                 "1",         SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
 246                 "2",         SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
 247                 "3",         SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
 248                 "4",         SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
 249                 "5",         SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
 250         };
 251
 252         assert(word);
 253
 254         if (startswith(word, "systemd.unit="))
 255                 return set_default_unit(word + 13);
 256
 257         else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_target=")) {
 258
 259                 if (log_set_target_from_string(word + 19) < 0)
 260                         log_warning("Failed to parse log target %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
 261
 262         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_level=")) {
 263
 264                 if (log_set_max_level_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
 265                         log_warning("Failed to parse log level %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
 266
 267         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_color=")) {
 268
 269                 if (log_show_color_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
 270                         log_warning("Failed to parse log color setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
 271
 272         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_location=")) {
 273
 274                 if (log_show_location_from_string(word + 21) < 0)
 275                         log_warning("Failed to parse log location setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 21);
 276
 277         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.dump_core=")) {
 278                 int r;
 279
 280                 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 18)) < 0)
 281                         log_warning("Failed to parse dump core switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
 282                 else
 283                         arg_dump_core = r;
 284
 285         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_shell=")) {
 286                 int r;
 287
 288                 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
 289                         log_warning("Failed to parse crash shell switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
 290                 else
 291                         arg_crash_shell = r;
 292
 293         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.confirm_spawn=")) {
 294                 int r;
 295
 296                 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 22)) < 0)
 297                         log_warning("Failed to parse confirm spawn switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 22);
 298                 else
 299                         arg_confirm_spawn = r;
 300
 301         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_chvt=")) {
 302                 int k;
 303
 304                 if (safe_atoi(word + 19, &k) < 0)
 305                         log_warning("Failed to parse crash chvt switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
 306                 else
 307                         arg_crash_chvt = k;
 308
 309         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.show_status=")) {
 310                 int r;
 311
 312                 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
 313                         log_warning("Failed to parse show status switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
 314                 else
 315                         arg_show_status = r;
 316         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_output=")) {
 317                 int r;
 318
 319                 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 32)) < 0)
 320                         log_warning("Failed to parse default standard output switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 32);
 321                 else
 322                         arg_default_std_output = r;
 323         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_error=")) {
 324                 int r;
 325
 326                 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 31)) < 0)
 327                         log_warning("Failed to parse default standard error switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 31);
 328                 else
 329                         arg_default_std_error = r;
 330         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.setenv=")) {
 331                 char *cenv, *eq;
 332                 int r;
 333
 334                 cenv = strdup(word + 15);
 335                 if (!cenv)
 336                         return -ENOMEM;
 337
 338                 eq = strchr(cenv, '=');
 339                 if (!eq) {
 340                         r = unsetenv(cenv);
 341                         if (r < 0)
 342                                 log_warning("unsetenv failed %s. Ignoring.", strerror(errno));
 343                 } else {
 344                         *eq = 0;
 345                         r = setenv(cenv, eq + 1, 1);
 346                         if (r < 0)
 347                                 log_warning("setenv failed %s. Ignoring.", strerror(errno));
 348                 }
 349                 free(cenv);
 350 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
 351         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.sysv_console=")) {
 352                 int r;
 353
 354                 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 21)) < 0)
 355                         log_warning("Failed to parse SysV console switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
 356                 else
 357                         arg_sysv_console = r;
 358 #endif
 359
 360         } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.")) {
 361
 362                 log_warning("Unknown kernel switch %s. Ignoring.", word);
 363
 364                 log_info("Supported kernel switches:\n"
 365                          "systemd.unit=UNIT                        Default unit to start\n"
 366                          "systemd.dump_core=0|1                    Dump core on crash\n"
 367                          "systemd.crash_shell=0|1                  Run shell on crash\n"
 368                          "systemd.crash_chvt=N                     Change to VT #N on crash\n"
 369                          "systemd.confirm_spawn=0|1                Confirm every process spawn\n"
 370                          "systemd.show_status=0|1                  Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
 371 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
 372                          "systemd.sysv_console=0|1                 Connect output of SysV scripts to console\n"
 373 #endif
 374                          "systemd.log_target=console|kmsg|journal|journal-or-kmsg|syslog|syslog-or-kmsg|null\n"
 375                          "                                         Log target\n"
 376                          "systemd.log_level=LEVEL                  Log level\n"
 377                          "systemd.log_color=0|1                    Highlight important log messages\n"
 378                          "systemd.log_location=0|1                 Include code location in log messages\n"
 379                          "systemd.default_standard_output=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
 380                          "                                         Set default log output for services\n"
 381                          "systemd.default_standard_error=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
 382                          "                                         Set default log error output for services\n");
 383
 384         } else if (streq(word, "quiet")) {
 385                 arg_show_status = false;
 386 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
 387                 arg_sysv_console = false;
 388 #endif
 389         } else {
 390                 unsigned i;
 391
 392                 /* SysV compatibility */
 393                 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(rlmap); i += 2)
 394                         if (streq(word, rlmap[i]))
 395                                 return set_default_unit(rlmap[i+1]);
 396         }
 397
 398         return 0;
 399 }
 400
 401 static int config_parse_level2(
 402                 const char *filename,
 403                 unsigned line,
 404                 const char *section,
 405                 const char *lvalue,
 406                 int ltype,
 407                 const char *rvalue,
 408                 void *data,
 409                 void *userdata) {
 410
 411         assert(filename);
 412         assert(lvalue);
 413         assert(rvalue);
 414
 415         log_set_max_level_from_string(rvalue);
 416         return 0;
 417 }
 418
 419 static int config_parse_target(
 420                 const char *filename,
 421                 unsigned line,
 422                 const char *section,
 423                 const char *lvalue,
 424                 int ltype,
 425                 const char *rvalue,
 426                 void *data,
 427                 void *userdata) {
 428
 429         assert(filename);
 430         assert(lvalue);
 431         assert(rvalue);
 432
 433         log_set_target_from_string(rvalue);
 434         return 0;
 435 }
 436
 437 static int config_parse_color(
 438                 const char *filename,
 439                 unsigned line,
 440                 const char *section,
 441                 const char *lvalue,
 442                 int ltype,
 443                 const char *rvalue,
 444                 void *data,
 445                 void *userdata) {
 446
 447         assert(filename);
 448         assert(lvalue);
 449         assert(rvalue);
 450
 451         log_show_color_from_string(rvalue);
 452         return 0;
 453 }
 454
 455 static int config_parse_location(
 456                 const char *filename,
 457                 unsigned line,
 458                 const char *section,
 459                 const char *lvalue,
 460                 int ltype,
 461                 const char *rvalue,
 462                 void *data,
 463                 void *userdata) {
 464
 465         assert(filename);
 466         assert(lvalue);
 467         assert(rvalue);
 468
 469         log_show_location_from_string(rvalue);
 470         return 0;
 471 }
 472
 473 static int config_parse_cpu_affinity2(
 474                 const char *filename,
 475                 unsigned line,
 476                 const char *section,
 477                 const char *lvalue,
 478                 int ltype,
 479                 const char *rvalue,
 480                 void *data,
 481                 void *userdata) {
 482
 483         char *w;
 484         size_t l;
 485         char *state;
 486         cpu_set_t *c = NULL;
 487         unsigned ncpus = 0;
 488
 489         assert(filename);
 490         assert(lvalue);
 491         assert(rvalue);
 492
 493         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
 494                 char *t;
 495                 int r;
 496                 unsigned cpu;
 497
 498                 if (!(t = strndup(w, l)))
 499                         return -ENOMEM;
 500
 501                 r = safe_atou(t, &cpu);
 502                 free(t);
 503
 504                 if (!c)
 505                         if (!(c = cpu_set_malloc(&ncpus)))
 506                                 return -ENOMEM;
 507
 508                 if (r < 0 || cpu >= ncpus) {
 509                         log_error("[%s:%u] Failed to parse CPU affinity: %s", filename, line, rvalue);
 510                         CPU_FREE(c);
 511                         return -EBADMSG;
 512                 }
 513
 514                 CPU_SET_S(cpu, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c);
 515         }
 516
 517         if (c) {
 518                 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c) < 0)
 519                         log_warning("Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
 520
 521                 CPU_FREE(c);
 522         }
 523
 524         return 0;
 525 }
 526
 527 static void strv_free_free(char ***l) {
 528         char ***i;
 529
 530         if (!l)
 531                 return;
 532
 533         for (i = l; *i; i++)
 534                 strv_free(*i);
 535
 536         free(l);
 537 }
 538
 539 static void free_join_controllers(void) {
 540         if (!arg_join_controllers)
 541                 return;
 542
 543         strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
 544         arg_join_controllers = NULL;
 545 }
 546
 547 static int config_parse_join_controllers(
 548                 const char *filename,
 549                 unsigned line,
 550                 const char *section,
 551                 const char *lvalue,
 552                 int ltype,
 553                 const char *rvalue,
 554                 void *data,
 555                 void *userdata) {
 556
 557         unsigned n = 0;
 558         char *state, *w;
 559         size_t length;
 560
 561         assert(filename);
 562         assert(lvalue);
 563         assert(rvalue);
 564
 565         free_join_controllers();
 566
 567         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, length, rvalue, state) {
 568                 char *s, **l;
 569
 570                 s = strndup(w, length);
 571                 if (!s)
 572                         return -ENOMEM;
 573
 574                 l = strv_split(s, ",");
 575                 free(s);
 576
 577                 strv_uniq(l);
 578
 579                 if (strv_length(l) <= 1) {
 580                         strv_free(l);
 581                         continue;
 582                 }
 583
 584                 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
 585                         arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
 586                         if (!arg_join_controllers) {
 587                                 strv_free(l);
 588                                 return -ENOMEM;
 589                         }
 590
 591                         arg_join_controllers[0] = l;
 592                         arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
 593
 594                         n = 1;
 595                 } else {
 596                         char ***a;
 597                         char ***t;
 598
 599                         t = new0(char**, n+2);
 600                         if (!t) {
 601                                 strv_free(l);
 602                                 return -ENOMEM;
 603                         }
 604
 605                         n = 0;
 606
 607                         for (a = arg_join_controllers; *a; a++) {
 608
 609                                 if (strv_overlap(*a, l)) {
 610                                         char **c;
 611
 612                                         c = strv_merge(*a, l);
 613                                         if (!c) {
 614                                                 strv_free(l);
 615                                                 strv_free_free(t);
 616                                                 return -ENOMEM;
 617                                         }
 618
 619                                         strv_free(l);
 620                                         l = c;
 621                                 } else {
 622                                         char **c;
 623
 624                                         c = strv_copy(*a);
 625                                         if (!c) {
 626                                                 strv_free(l);
 627                                                 strv_free_free(t);
 628                                                 return -ENOMEM;
 629                                         }
 630
 631                                         t[n++] = c;
 632                                 }
 633                         }
 634
 635                         t[n++] = strv_uniq(l);
 636
 637                         strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
 638                         arg_join_controllers = t;
 639                 }
 640         }
 641
 642         return 0;
 643 }
 644
 645 static int parse_config_file(void) {
 646
 647         const ConfigTableItem items[] = {
 648                 { "Manager", "LogLevel",              config_parse_level2,       0, NULL                     },
 649                 { "Manager", "LogTarget",             config_parse_target,       0, NULL                     },
 650                 { "Manager", "LogColor",              config_parse_color,        0, NULL                     },
 651                 { "Manager", "LogLocation",           config_parse_location,     0, NULL                     },
 652                 { "Manager", "DumpCore",              config_parse_bool,         0, &arg_dump_core           },
 653                 { "Manager", "CrashShell",            config_parse_bool,         0, &arg_crash_shell         },
 654                 { "Manager", "ShowStatus",            config_parse_bool,         0, &arg_show_status         },
 655 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
 656                 { "Manager", "SysVConsole",           config_parse_bool,         0, &arg_sysv_console        },
 657 #endif
 658                 { "Manager", "CrashChVT",             config_parse_int,          0, &arg_crash_chvt          },
 659                 { "Manager", "CPUAffinity",           config_parse_cpu_affinity2, 0, NULL                    },
 660                 { "Manager", "MountAuto",             config_parse_bool,         0, &arg_mount_auto          },
 661                 { "Manager", "SwapAuto",              config_parse_bool,         0, &arg_swap_auto           },
 662                 { "Manager", "DefaultControllers",    config_parse_strv,         0, &arg_default_controllers },
 663                 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardOutput", config_parse_output,       0, &arg_default_std_output  },
 664                 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardError",  config_parse_output,       0, &arg_default_std_error   },
 665                 { "Manager", "JoinControllers",       config_parse_join_controllers, 0, &arg_join_controllers },
 666                 { "Manager", "RuntimeWatchdogSec",    config_parse_usec,         0, &arg_runtime_watchdog    },
 667                 { "Manager", "ShutdownWatchdogSec",   config_parse_usec,         0, &arg_shutdown_watchdog   },
 668                 { NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
 669         };
 670
 671         FILE *f;
 672         const char *fn;
 673         int r;
 674
 675         fn = arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_CONFIG_FILE : USER_CONFIG_FILE;
 676         f = fopen(fn, "re");
 677         if (!f) {
 678                 if (errno == ENOENT)
 679                         return 0;
 680
 681                 log_warning("Failed to open configuration file '%s': %m", fn);
 682                 return 0;
 683         }
 684
 685         r = config_parse(fn, f, "Manager\0", config_item_table_lookup, (void*) items, false, NULL);
 686         if (r < 0)
 687                 log_warning("Failed to parse configuration file: %s", strerror(-r));
 688
 689         fclose(f);
 690
 691         return 0;
 692 }
 693
 694 static int parse_proc_cmdline(void) {
 695         char *line, *w, *state;
 696         int r;
 697         size_t l;
 698
 699         /* Don't read /proc/cmdline if we are in a container, since
 700          * that is only relevant for the host system */
 701         if (detect_container(NULL) > 0)
 702                 return 0;
 703
 704         if ((r = read_one_line_file("/proc/cmdline", &line)) < 0) {
 705                 log_warning("Failed to read /proc/cmdline, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
 706                 return 0;
 707         }
 708
 709         FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, line, state) {
 710                 char *word;
 711
 712                 if (!(word = strndup(w, l))) {
 713                         r = -ENOMEM;
 714                         goto finish;
 715                 }
 716
 717                 r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(word);
 718                 free(word);
 719
 720                 if (r < 0)
 721                         goto finish;
 722         }
 723
 724         r = 0;
 725
 726 finish:
 727         free(line);
 728         return r;
 729 }
 730
 731 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 732
 733         enum {
 734                 ARG_LOG_LEVEL = 0x100,
 735                 ARG_LOG_TARGET,
 736                 ARG_LOG_COLOR,
 737                 ARG_LOG_LOCATION,
 738                 ARG_UNIT,
 739                 ARG_SYSTEM,
 740                 ARG_USER,
 741                 ARG_TEST,
 742                 ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
 743                 ARG_DUMP_CORE,
 744                 ARG_CRASH_SHELL,
 745                 ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN,
 746                 ARG_SHOW_STATUS,
 747                 ARG_SYSV_CONSOLE,
 748                 ARG_DESERIALIZE,
 749                 ARG_INTROSPECT,
 750                 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT,
 751                 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
 752         };
 753
 754         static const struct option options[] = {
 755                 { "log-level",                required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LEVEL                },
 756                 { "log-target",               required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_TARGET               },
 757                 { "log-color",                optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_COLOR                },
 758                 { "log-location",             optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LOCATION             },
 759                 { "unit",                     required_argument, NULL, ARG_UNIT                     },
 760                 { "system",                   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SYSTEM                   },
 761                 { "user",                     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_USER                     },
 762                 { "test",                     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_TEST                     },
 763                 { "help",                     no_argument,       NULL, 'h'                          },
 764                 { "dump-configuration-items", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS },
 765                 { "dump-core",                no_argument,       NULL, ARG_DUMP_CORE                },
 766                 { "crash-shell",              no_argument,       NULL, ARG_CRASH_SHELL              },
 767                 { "confirm-spawn",            no_argument,       NULL, ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN            },
 768                 { "show-status",              optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_STATUS              },
 769 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
 770                 { "sysv-console",             optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSV_CONSOLE             },
 771 #endif
 772                 { "deserialize",              required_argument, NULL, ARG_DESERIALIZE              },
 773                 { "introspect",               optional_argument, NULL, ARG_INTROSPECT               },
 774                 { "default-standard-output",  required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT,      },
 775                 { "default-standard-error",   required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR,       },
 776                 { NULL,                       0,                 NULL, 0                            }
 777         };
 778
 779         int c, r;
 780
 781         assert(argc >= 1);
 782         assert(argv);
 783
 784         if (getpid() == 1)
 785                 opterr = 0;
 786
 787         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hDbsz:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
 788
 789                 switch (c) {
 790
 791                 case ARG_LOG_LEVEL:
 792                         if ((r = log_set_max_level_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
 793                                 log_error("Failed to parse log level %s.", optarg);
 794                                 return r;
 795                         }
 796
 797                         break;
 798
 799                 case ARG_LOG_TARGET:
 800
 801                         if ((r = log_set_target_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
 802                                 log_error("Failed to parse log target %s.", optarg);
 803                                 return r;
 804                         }
 805
 806                         break;
 807
 808                 case ARG_LOG_COLOR:
 809
 810                         if (optarg) {
 811                                 if ((r = log_show_color_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
 812                                         log_error("Failed to parse log color setting %s.", optarg);
 813                                         return r;
 814                                 }
 815                         } else
 816                                 log_show_color(true);
 817
 818                         break;
 819
 820                 case ARG_LOG_LOCATION:
 821
 822                         if (optarg) {
 823                                 if ((r = log_show_location_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
 824                                         log_error("Failed to parse log location setting %s.", optarg);
 825                                         return r;
 826                                 }
 827                         } else
 828                                 log_show_location(true);
 829
 830                         break;
 831
 832                 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT:
 833
 834                         if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
 835                                 log_error("Failed to parse default standard output setting %s.", optarg);
 836                                 return r;
 837                         } else
 838                                 arg_default_std_output = r;
 839                         break;
 840
 841                 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR:
 842
 843                         if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
 844                                 log_error("Failed to parse default standard error output setting %s.", optarg);
 845                                 return r;
 846                         } else
 847                                 arg_default_std_error = r;
 848                         break;
 849
 850                 case ARG_UNIT:
 851
 852                         if ((r = set_default_unit(optarg)) < 0) {
 853                                 log_error("Failed to set default unit %s: %s", optarg, strerror(-r));
 854                                 return r;
 855                         }
 856
 857                         break;
 858
 859                 case ARG_SYSTEM:
 860                         arg_running_as = MANAGER_SYSTEM;
 861                         break;
 862
 863                 case ARG_USER:
 864                         arg_running_as = MANAGER_USER;
 865                         break;
 866
 867                 case ARG_TEST:
 868                         arg_action = ACTION_TEST;
 869                         break;
 870
 871                 case ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS:
 872                         arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS;
 873                         break;
 874
 875                 case ARG_DUMP_CORE:
 876                         arg_dump_core = true;
 877                         break;
 878
 879                 case ARG_CRASH_SHELL:
 880                         arg_crash_shell = true;
 881                         break;
 882
 883                 case ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN:
 884                         arg_confirm_spawn = true;
 885                         break;
 886
 887                 case ARG_SHOW_STATUS:
 888
 889                         if (optarg) {
 890                                 if ((r = parse_boolean(optarg)) < 0) {
 891                                         log_error("Failed to show status boolean %s.", optarg);
 892                                         return r;
 893                                 }
 894                                 arg_show_status = r;
 895                         } else
 896                                 arg_show_status = true;
 897                         break;
 898 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
 899                 case ARG_SYSV_CONSOLE:
 900
 901                         if (optarg) {
 902                                 if ((r = parse_boolean(optarg)) < 0) {
 903                                         log_error("Failed to SysV console boolean %s.", optarg);
 904                                         return r;
 905                                 }
 906                                 arg_sysv_console = r;
 907                         } else
 908                                 arg_sysv_console = true;
 909                         break;
 910 #endif
 911
 912                 case ARG_DESERIALIZE: {
 913                         int fd;
 914                         FILE *f;
 915
 916                         if ((r = safe_atoi(optarg, &fd)) < 0 || fd < 0) {
 917                                 log_error("Failed to parse deserialize option %s.", optarg);
 918                                 return r;
 919                         }
 920
 921                         if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "r"))) {
 922                                 log_error("Failed to open serialization fd: %m");
 923                                 return r;
 924                         }
 925
 926                         if (serialization)
 927                                 fclose(serialization);
 928
 929                         serialization = f;
 930
 931                         break;
 932                 }
 933
 934                 case ARG_INTROSPECT: {
 935                         const char * const * i = NULL;
 936
 937                         for (i = bus_interface_table; *i; i += 2)
 938                                 if (!optarg || streq(i[0], optarg)) {
 939                                         fputs(DBUS_INTROSPECT_1_0_XML_DOCTYPE_DECL_NODE
 940                                               "<node>\n", stdout);
 941                                         fputs(i[1], stdout);
 942                                         fputs("</node>\n", stdout);
 943
 944                                         if (optarg)
 945                                                 break;
 946                                 }
 947
 948                         if (!i[0] && optarg)
 949                                 log_error("Unknown interface %s.", optarg);
 950
 951                         arg_action = ACTION_DONE;
 952                         break;
 953                 }
 954
 955                 case 'h':
 956                         arg_action = ACTION_HELP;
 957                         break;
 958
 959                 case 'D':
 960                         log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
 961                         break;
 962
 963                 case 'b':
 964                 case 's':
 965                 case 'z':
 966                         /* Just to eat away the sysvinit kernel
 967                          * cmdline args without getopt() error
 968                          * messages that we'll parse in
 969                          * parse_proc_cmdline_word() or ignore. */
 970
 971                 case '?':
 972                 default:
 973                         if (getpid() != 1) {
 974                                 log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
 975                                 return -EINVAL;
 976                         }
 977
 978                         break;
 979                 }
 980
 981         if (optind < argc && getpid() != 1) {
 982                 /* Hmm, when we aren't run as init system
 983                  * let's complain about excess arguments */
 984
 985                 log_error("Excess arguments.");
 986                 return -EINVAL;
 987         }
 988
 989         if (detect_container(NULL) > 0) {
 990                 char **a;
 991
 992                 /* All /proc/cmdline arguments the kernel didn't
 993                  * understand it passed to us. We're not really
 994                  * interested in that usually since /proc/cmdline is
 995                  * more interesting and complete. With one exception:
 996                  * if we are run in a container /proc/cmdline is not
 997                  * relevant for the container, hence we rely on argv[]
 998                  * instead. */
 999
1000                 for (a = argv; a < argv + argc; a++)
1001                         if ((r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(*a)) < 0)
1002                                 return r;
1003         }
1004
1005         return 0;
1006 }
1007
1008 static int help(void) {
1009
1010         printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
1011                "Starts up and maintains the system or user services.\n\n"
1012                "  -h --help                      Show this help\n"
1013                "     --test                      Determine startup sequence, dump it and exit\n"
1014                "     --dump-configuration-items  Dump understood unit configuration items\n"
1015                "     --introspect[=INTERFACE]    Extract D-Bus interface data\n"
1016                "     --unit=UNIT                 Set default unit\n"
1017                "     --system                    Run a system instance, even if PID != 1\n"
1018                "     --user                      Run a user instance\n"
1019                "     --dump-core                 Dump core on crash\n"
1020                "     --crash-shell               Run shell on crash\n"
1021                "     --confirm-spawn             Ask for confirmation when spawning processes\n"
1022                "     --show-status[=0|1]         Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
1023 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1024                "     --sysv-console[=0|1]        Connect output of SysV scripts to console\n"
1025 #endif
1026                "     --log-target=TARGET         Set log target (console, journal, syslog, kmsg, journal-or-kmsg, syslog-or-kmsg, null)\n"
1027                "     --log-level=LEVEL           Set log level (debug, info, notice, warning, err, crit, alert, emerg)\n"
1028                "     --log-color[=0|1]           Highlight important log messages\n"
1029                "     --log-location[=0|1]        Include code location in log messages\n"
1030                "     --default-standard-output=  Set default standard output for services\n"
1031                "     --default-standard-error=   Set default standard error output for services\n",
1032                program_invocation_short_name);
1033
1034         return 0;
1035 }
1036
1037 static int prepare_reexecute(Manager *m, FILE **_f, FDSet **_fds) {
1038         FILE *f = NULL;
1039         FDSet *fds = NULL;
1040         int r;
1041
1042         assert(m);
1043         assert(_f);
1044         assert(_fds);
1045
1046         /* Make sure nothing is really destructed when we shut down */
1047         m->n_reloading ++;
1048
1049         if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0) {
1050                 log_error("Failed to create serialization file: %s", strerror(-r));
1051                 goto fail;
1052         }
1053
1054         if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
1055                 r = -ENOMEM;
1056                 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1057                 goto fail;
1058         }
1059
1060         if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0) {
1061                 log_error("Failed to serialize state: %s", strerror(-r));
1062                 goto fail;
1063         }
1064
1065         if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
1066                 log_error("Failed to rewind serialization fd: %m");
1067                 goto fail;
1068         }
1069
1070         if ((r = fd_cloexec(fileno(f), false)) < 0) {
1071                 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization: %s", strerror(-r));
1072                 goto fail;
1073         }
1074
1075         if ((r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false)) < 0) {
1076                 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization fds: %s", strerror(-r));
1077                 goto fail;
1078         }
1079
1080         *_f = f;
1081         *_fds = fds;
1082
1083         return 0;
1084
1085 fail:
1086         fdset_free(fds);
1087
1088         if (f)
1089                 fclose(f);
1090
1091         return r;
1092 }
1093
1094 static struct dual_timestamp* parse_initrd_timestamp(struct dual_timestamp *t) {
1095         const char *e;
1096         unsigned long long a, b;
1097
1098         assert(t);
1099
1100         e = getenv("RD_TIMESTAMP");
1101         if (!e)
1102                 return NULL;
1103
1104         if (sscanf(e, "%llu %llu", &a, &b) != 2)
1105                 return NULL;
1106
1107         t->realtime = (usec_t) a;
1108         t->monotonic = (usec_t) b;
1109
1110         return t;
1111 }
1112
1113 static void test_mtab(void) {
1114         char *p;
1115
1116         /* Check that /etc/mtab is a symlink */
1117
1118         if (readlink_malloc("/etc/mtab", &p) >= 0) {
1119                 bool b;
1120
1121                 b = streq(p, "/proc/self/mounts") || streq(p, "/proc/mounts");
1122                 free(p);
1123
1124                 if (b)
1125                         return;
1126         }
1127
1128         log_warning("/etc/mtab is not a symlink or not pointing to /proc/self/mounts. "
1129                     "This is not supported anymore. "
1130                     "Please make sure to replace this file by a symlink to avoid incorrect or misleading mount(8) output.");
1131 }
1132
1133 static void test_usr(void) {
1134
1135         /* Check that /usr is not a separate fs */
1136
1137         if (dir_is_empty("/usr") <= 0)
1138                 return;
1139
1140         log_warning("/usr appears to be on its own filesytem and is not already mounted. This is not a supported setup. "
1141                     "Some things will probably break (sometimes even silently) in mysterious ways. "
1142                     "Consult http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken for more information.");
1143 }
1144
1145 static void test_cgroups(void) {
1146
1147         if (access("/proc/cgroups", F_OK) >= 0)
1148                 return;
1149
1150         log_warning("CONFIG_CGROUPS was not set when your kernel was compiled. "
1151                     "Systems without control groups are not supported. "
1152                     "We will now sleep for 10s, and then continue boot-up. "
1153                     "Expect breakage and please do not file bugs. "
1154                     "Instead fix your kernel and enable CONFIG_CGROUPS. "
1155                     "Consult http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/cgroups-vs-cgroups.html for more information.");
1156
1157         sleep(10);
1158 }
1159
1160 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1161         Manager *m = NULL;
1162         int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
1163         usec_t before_startup, after_startup;
1164         char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1165         FDSet *fds = NULL;
1166         bool reexecute = false;
1167         const char *shutdown_verb = NULL;
1168         dual_timestamp initrd_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1169         static char systemd[] = "systemd";
1170         bool is_reexec = false;
1171         int j;
1172         bool loaded_policy = false;
1173         bool arm_reboot_watchdog = false;
1174
1175 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1176         if (getpid() != 1 && strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
1177                 /* This is compatibility support for SysV, where
1178                  * calling init as a user is identical to telinit. */
1179
1180                 errno = -ENOENT;
1181                 execv(SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH, argv);
1182                 log_error("Failed to exec " SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH ": %m");
1183                 return 1;
1184         }
1185 #endif
1186
1187         /* Determine if this is a reexecution or normal bootup. We do
1188          * the full command line parsing much later, so let's just
1189          * have a quick peek here. */
1190
1191         for (j = 1; j < argc; j++)
1192                 if (streq(argv[j], "--deserialize")) {
1193                         is_reexec = true;
1194                         break;
1195                 }
1196
1197         /* If we get started via the /sbin/init symlink then we are
1198            called 'init'. After a subsequent reexecution we are then
1199            called 'systemd'. That is confusing, hence let's call us
1200            systemd right-away. */
1201         program_invocation_short_name = systemd;
1202         prctl(PR_SET_NAME, systemd);
1203
1204         saved_argv = argv;
1205         saved_argc = argc;
1206
1207         log_show_color(isatty(STDERR_FILENO) > 0);
1208         log_show_location(false);
1209         log_set_max_level(LOG_INFO);
1210
1211         if (getpid() == 1) {
1212                 arg_running_as = MANAGER_SYSTEM;
1213                 log_set_target(detect_container(NULL) > 0 ? LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE : LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
1214
1215                 if (!is_reexec) {
1216                         if (selinux_setup(&loaded_policy) < 0)
1217                                 goto finish;
1218                         if (ima_setup() < 0)
1219                                 goto finish;
1220                 }
1221
1222                 log_open();
1223
1224                 if (label_init() < 0)
1225                         goto finish;
1226
1227                 if (!is_reexec)
1228                         if (hwclock_is_localtime() > 0) {
1229                                 int min;
1230
1231                                 r = hwclock_apply_localtime_delta(&min);
1232                                 if (r < 0)
1233                                         log_error("Failed to apply local time delta, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1234                                 else
1235                                         log_info("RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of %i minutes to system time.", min);
1236                         }
1237
1238         } else {
1239                 arg_running_as = MANAGER_USER;
1240                 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);
1241                 log_open();
1242         }
1243
1244         /* Initialize default unit */
1245         if (set_default_unit(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET) < 0)
1246                 goto finish;
1247
1248         /* By default, mount "cpu" and "cpuacct" together */
1249         arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
1250         if (!arg_join_controllers)
1251                 goto finish;
1252
1253         arg_join_controllers[0] = strv_new("cpu", "cpuacct", NULL);
1254         arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
1255
1256         if (!arg_join_controllers[0])
1257                 goto finish;
1258
1259         /* Mount /proc, /sys and friends, so that /proc/cmdline and
1260          * /proc/$PID/fd is available. */
1261         if (geteuid() == 0 && !getenv("SYSTEMD_SKIP_API_MOUNTS")) {
1262                 r = mount_setup(loaded_policy);
1263                 if (r < 0)
1264                         goto finish;
1265         }
1266
1267         /* Reset all signal handlers. */
1268         assert_se(reset_all_signal_handlers() == 0);
1269
1270         /* If we are init, we can block sigkill. Yay. */
1271         ignore_signals(SIGNALS_IGNORE, -1);
1272
1273         if (parse_config_file() < 0)
1274                 goto finish;
1275
1276         if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
1277                 if (parse_proc_cmdline() < 0)
1278                         goto finish;
1279
1280         log_parse_environment();
1281
1282         if (parse_argv(argc, argv) < 0)
1283                 goto finish;
1284
1285         if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST && geteuid() == 0) {
1286                 log_error("Don't run test mode as root.");
1287                 goto finish;
1288         }
1289
1290         if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM &&
1291             arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1292             running_in_chroot() > 0) {
1293                 log_error("Cannot be run in a chroot() environment.");
1294                 goto finish;
1295         }
1296
1297         if (arg_action == ACTION_HELP) {
1298                 retval = help();
1299                 goto finish;
1300         } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS) {
1301                 unit_dump_config_items(stdout);
1302                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1303                 goto finish;
1304         } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DONE) {
1305                 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1306                 goto finish;
1307         }
1308
1309         assert_se(arg_action == ACTION_RUN || arg_action == ACTION_TEST);
1310
1311         /* Close logging fds, in order not to confuse fdset below */
1312         log_close();
1313
1314         /* Remember open file descriptors for later deserialization */
1315         if (serialization) {
1316                 r = fdset_new_fill(&fds);
1317                 if (r < 0) {
1318                         log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1319                         goto finish;
1320                 }
1321
1322                 assert_se(fdset_remove(fds, fileno(serialization)) >= 0);
1323         } else
1324                 close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
1325
1326         /* Set up PATH unless it is already set */
1327         setenv("PATH",
1328 #ifdef HAVE_SPLIT_USR
1329                "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
1330 #else
1331                "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin",
1332 #endif
1333                arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM);
1334
1335         if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
1336                 /* Parse the data passed to us. We leave this
1337                  * variables set, but the manager later on will not
1338                  * pass them on to our children. */
1339                 parse_initrd_timestamp(&initrd_timestamp);
1340
1341                 /* Unset some environment variables passed in from the
1342                  * kernel that don't really make sense for us. */
1343                 unsetenv("HOME");
1344                 unsetenv("TERM");
1345
1346                 /* When we are invoked by a shell, these might be set,
1347                  * but make little sense to pass on */
1348                 unsetenv("PWD");
1349                 unsetenv("SHLVL");
1350                 unsetenv("_");
1351
1352                 /* All other variables are left as is, so that clients
1353                  * can still read them via /proc/1/environ */
1354         }
1355
1356         /* Move out of the way, so that we won't block unmounts */
1357         assert_se(chdir("/")  == 0);
1358
1359         if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
1360                 /* Become a session leader if we aren't one yet. */
1361                 setsid();
1362
1363                 /* Disable the umask logic */
1364                 umask(0);
1365         }
1366
1367         /* Make sure D-Bus doesn't fiddle with the SIGPIPE handlers */
1368         dbus_connection_set_change_sigpipe(FALSE);
1369
1370         /* Reset the console, but only if this is really init and we
1371          * are freshly booted */
1372         if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && arg_action == ACTION_RUN) {
1373                 console_setup(getpid() == 1 && !is_reexec);
1374                 make_null_stdio();
1375         }
1376
1377         /* Open the logging devices, if possible and necessary */
1378         log_open();
1379
1380         /* Make sure we leave a core dump without panicing the
1381          * kernel. */
1382         if (getpid() == 1)
1383                 install_crash_handler();
1384
1385         if (geteuid() == 0 && !getenv("SYSTEMD_SKIP_API_MOUNTS")) {
1386                 r = mount_cgroup_controllers(arg_join_controllers);
1387                 if (r < 0)
1388                         goto finish;
1389         }
1390
1391         log_full(arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1392                  PACKAGE_STRING " running in %s mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES "; " DISTRIBUTION ")", manager_running_as_to_string(arg_running_as));
1393
1394         if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && !is_reexec) {
1395                 locale_setup();
1396
1397                 if (arg_show_status || plymouth_running())
1398                         status_welcome();
1399
1400                 kmod_setup();
1401                 hostname_setup();
1402                 machine_id_setup();
1403                 loopback_setup();
1404
1405                 test_mtab();
1406                 test_usr();
1407                 test_cgroups();
1408         }
1409
1410         if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && arg_runtime_watchdog > 0)
1411                 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_runtime_watchdog);
1412
1413         r = manager_new(arg_running_as, &m);
1414         if (r < 0) {
1415                 log_error("Failed to allocate manager object: %s", strerror(-r));
1416                 goto finish;
1417         }
1418
1419         m->confirm_spawn = arg_confirm_spawn;
1420 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1421         m->sysv_console = arg_sysv_console;
1422 #endif
1423         m->mount_auto = arg_mount_auto;
1424         m->swap_auto = arg_swap_auto;
1425         m->default_std_output = arg_default_std_output;
1426         m->default_std_error = arg_default_std_error;
1427         m->runtime_watchdog = arg_runtime_watchdog;
1428         m->shutdown_watchdog = arg_shutdown_watchdog;
1429
1430         if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&initrd_timestamp))
1431                 m->initrd_timestamp = initrd_timestamp;
1432
1433         if (arg_default_controllers)
1434                 manager_set_default_controllers(m, arg_default_controllers);
1435
1436         manager_set_show_status(m, arg_show_status);
1437
1438         before_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1439
1440         r = manager_startup(m, serialization, fds);
1441         if (r < 0)
1442                 log_error("Failed to fully start up daemon: %s", strerror(-r));
1443
1444         if (fds) {
1445                 /* This will close all file descriptors that were opened, but
1446                  * not claimed by any unit. */
1447
1448                 fdset_free(fds);
1449                 fds = NULL;
1450         }
1451
1452         if (serialization) {
1453                 fclose(serialization);
1454                 serialization = NULL;
1455         } else {
1456                 DBusError error;
1457                 Unit *target = NULL;
1458                 Job *default_unit_job;
1459
1460                 dbus_error_init(&error);
1461
1462                 log_debug("Activating default unit: %s", arg_default_unit);
1463
1464                 r = manager_load_unit(m, arg_default_unit, NULL, &error, &target);
1465                 if (r < 0) {
1466                         log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1467                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1468                 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR)
1469                         log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1470                 else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED)
1471                         log_error("Default target masked.");
1472
1473                 if (!target || target->load_state != UNIT_LOADED) {
1474                         log_info("Trying to load rescue target...");
1475
1476                         r = manager_load_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, NULL, &error, &target);
1477                         if (r < 0) {
1478                                 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1479                                 dbus_error_free(&error);
1480                                 goto finish;
1481                         } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1482                                 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1483                                 goto finish;
1484                         } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1485                                 log_error("Rescue target masked.");
1486                                 goto finish;
1487                         }
1488                 }
1489
1490                 assert(target->load_state == UNIT_LOADED);
1491
1492                 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1493                         printf("-> By units:\n");
1494                         manager_dump_units(m, stdout, "\t");
1495                 }
1496
1497                 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_REPLACE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1498                 if (r < 0) {
1499                         log_error("Failed to start default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1500                         dbus_error_free(&error);
1501                         goto finish;
1502                 }
1503                 m->default_unit_job_id = default_unit_job->id;
1504
1505                 after_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1506                 log_full(arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1507                          "Loaded units and determined initial transaction in %s.",
1508                           format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), after_startup - before_startup));
1509
1510                 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1511                         printf("-> By jobs:\n");
1512                         manager_dump_jobs(m, stdout, "\t");
1513                         retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1514                         goto finish;
1515                 }
1516         }
1517
1518         for (;;) {
1519                 r = manager_loop(m);
1520                 if (r < 0) {
1521                         log_error("Failed to run mainloop: %s", strerror(-r));
1522                         goto finish;
1523                 }
1524
1525                 switch (m->exit_code) {
1526
1527                 case MANAGER_EXIT:
1528                         retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1529                         log_debug("Exit.");
1530                         goto finish;
1531
1532                 case MANAGER_RELOAD:
1533                         log_info("Reloading.");
1534                         r = manager_reload(m);
1535                         if (r < 0)
1536                                 log_error("Failed to reload: %s", strerror(-r));
1537                         break;
1538
1539                 case MANAGER_REEXECUTE:
1540                         if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds) < 0)
1541                                 goto finish;
1542
1543                         reexecute = true;
1544                         log_notice("Reexecuting.");
1545                         goto finish;
1546
1547                 case MANAGER_REBOOT:
1548                 case MANAGER_POWEROFF:
1549                 case MANAGER_HALT:
1550                 case MANAGER_KEXEC: {
1551                         static const char * const table[_MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_MAX] = {
1552                                 [MANAGER_REBOOT] = "reboot",
1553                                 [MANAGER_POWEROFF] = "poweroff",
1554                                 [MANAGER_HALT] = "halt",
1555                                 [MANAGER_KEXEC] = "kexec"
1556                         };
1557
1558                         assert_se(shutdown_verb = table[m->exit_code]);
1559                         arm_reboot_watchdog = m->exit_code == MANAGER_REBOOT;
1560
1561                         log_notice("Shutting down.");
1562                         goto finish;
1563                 }
1564
1565                 default:
1566                         assert_not_reached("Unknown exit code.");
1567                 }
1568         }
1569
1570 finish:
1571         if (m)
1572                 manager_free(m);
1573
1574         free(arg_default_unit);
1575         strv_free(arg_default_controllers);
1576         free_join_controllers();
1577
1578         dbus_shutdown();
1579
1580         label_finish();
1581
1582         if (reexecute) {
1583                 const char *args[15];
1584                 unsigned i = 0;
1585                 char sfd[16];
1586
1587                 assert(serialization);
1588                 assert(fds);
1589
1590                 args[i++] = SYSTEMD_BINARY_PATH;
1591
1592                 args[i++] = "--log-level";
1593                 args[i++] = log_level_to_string(log_get_max_level());
1594
1595                 args[i++] = "--log-target";
1596                 args[i++] = log_target_to_string(log_get_target());
1597
1598                 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
1599                         args[i++] = "--system";
1600                 else
1601                         args[i++] = "--user";
1602
1603                 if (arg_dump_core)
1604                         args[i++] = "--dump-core";
1605
1606                 if (arg_crash_shell)
1607                         args[i++] = "--crash-shell";
1608
1609                 if (arg_confirm_spawn)
1610                         args[i++] = "--confirm-spawn";
1611
1612                 if (arg_show_status)
1613                         args[i++] = "--show-status=1";
1614                 else
1615                         args[i++] = "--show-status=0";
1616
1617 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1618                 if (arg_sysv_console)
1619                         args[i++] = "--sysv-console=1";
1620                 else
1621                         args[i++] = "--sysv-console=0";
1622 #endif
1623
1624                 snprintf(sfd, sizeof(sfd), "%i", fileno(serialization));
1625                 char_array_0(sfd);
1626
1627                 args[i++] = "--deserialize";
1628                 args[i++] = sfd;
1629
1630                 args[i++] = NULL;
1631
1632                 assert(i <= ELEMENTSOF(args));
1633
1634                 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1635
1636                 log_error("Failed to reexecute: %m");
1637         }
1638
1639         if (serialization)
1640                 fclose(serialization);
1641
1642         if (fds)
1643                 fdset_free(fds);
1644
1645         if (shutdown_verb) {
1646                 char e[32];
1647
1648                 const char * command_line[] = {
1649                         SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH,
1650                         shutdown_verb,
1651                         NULL
1652                 };
1653                 const char * env_block[] = {
1654                         NULL,
1655                         NULL
1656                 };
1657
1658                 if (arm_reboot_watchdog && arg_shutdown_watchdog > 0) {
1659                         /* If we reboot let's set the shutdown
1660                          * watchdog and tell the shutdown binary to
1661                          * repeatedly ping it */
1662                         watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1663                         watchdog_close(false);
1664
1665                         /* Tell the binary how often to ping */
1666                         snprintf(e, sizeof(e), "WATCHDOG_USEC=%llu", (unsigned long long) arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1667                         char_array_0(e);
1668                         env_block[0] = e;
1669                 } else
1670                         watchdog_close(true);
1671
1672                 execve(SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH, (char **) command_line, (char**) env_block);
1673                 log_error("Failed to execute shutdown binary, freezing: %m");
1674         }
1675
1676         if (getpid() == 1)
1677                 freeze();
1678
1679         return retval;
1680 }