execute.c

   1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8 -*-*/
   2
   3 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wattributes"
   4
   5 #include <assert.h>
   6 #include <dirent.h>
   7 #include <errno.h>
   8 #include <fcntl.h>
   9 #include <unistd.h>
  10 #include <string.h>
  11 #include <signal.h>
  12 #include <sys/socket.h>
  13 #include <sys/un.h>
  14 #include <sys/prctl.h>
  15 #include <sched.h>
  16
  17 #include "execute.h"
  18 #include "strv.h"
  19 #include "macro.h"
  20 #include "util.h"
  21 #include "log.h"
  22 #include "ioprio.h"
  23 #include "securebits.h"
  24
  25 static int close_fds(int except[], unsigned n_except) {
  26         DIR *d;
  27         struct dirent *de;
  28         int r = 0;
  29
  30         /* Modifies the fds array! (sorts it) */
  31
  32         if (!(d = opendir("/proc/self/fd")))
  33                 return -errno;
  34
  35         while ((de = readdir(d))) {
  36                 int fd;
  37
  38                 if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
  39                         continue;
  40
  41                 if ((r = safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd)) < 0)
  42                         goto finish;
  43
  44                 if (fd < 3)
  45                         continue;
  46
  47                 if (fd == dirfd(d))
  48                         continue;
  49
  50                 if (except) {
  51                         bool found;
  52                         unsigned i;
  53
  54                         found = false;
  55                         for (i = 0; i < n_except; i++)
  56                                 if (except[i] == fd) {
  57                                         found = true;
  58                                         break;
  59                                 }
  60
  61                         if (found)
  62                                 continue;
  63                 }
  64
  65                 if ((r = close_nointr(fd)) < 0)
  66                         goto finish;
  67         }
  68
  69 finish:
  70         closedir(d);
  71         return r;
  72 }
  73
  74 static int shift_fds(int fds[], unsigned n_fds) {
  75         int start, restart_from;
  76
  77         if (n_fds <= 0)
  78                 return 0;
  79
  80         assert(fds);
  81
  82         start = 0;
  83         for (;;) {
  84                 int i;
  85
  86                 restart_from = -1;
  87
  88                 for (i = start; i < (int) n_fds; i++) {
  89                         int nfd;
  90
  91                         /* Already at right index? */
  92                         if (fds[i] == i+3)
  93                                 continue;
  94
  95                         if ((nfd = fcntl(fds[i], F_DUPFD, i+3)) < 0)
  96                                 return -errno;
  97
  98                         assert_se(close_nointr(fds[i]) == 0);
  99                         fds[i] = nfd;
 100
 101                         /* Hmm, the fd we wanted isn't free? Then
 102                          * let's remember that and try again from here*/
 103                         if (nfd != i+3 && restart_from < 0)
 104                                 restart_from = i;
 105                 }
 106
 107                 if (restart_from < 0)
 108                         break;
 109
 110                 start = restart_from;
 111         }
 112
 113         return 0;
 114 }
 115
 116 static int flags_fds(int fds[], unsigned n_fds) {
 117         unsigned i;
 118
 119         if (n_fds <= 0)
 120                 return 0;
 121
 122         assert(fds);
 123
 124         /* Drops O_NONBLOCK and FD_CLOEXEC from the file flags */
 125
 126         for (i = 0; i < n_fds; i++) {
 127                 int flags;
 128
 129                 if ((flags = fcntl(fds[i], F_GETFL, 0)) < 0)
 130                         return -errno;
 131
 132                 /* Since we are at it, let's make sure that nobody
 133                  * forgot setting O_NONBLOCK for all our fds */
 134
 135                 if (fcntl(fds[i], F_SETFL, flags &~O_NONBLOCK) < 0)
 136                         return -errno;
 137
 138                 if ((flags = fcntl(fds[i], F_GETFD, 0)) < 0)
 139                         return -errno;
 140
 141                 /* Also make sure nobody forgot O_CLOEXEC for all our
 142                  * fds */
 143                 if (fcntl(fds[i], F_SETFD, flags &~FD_CLOEXEC) < 0)
 144                         return -errno;
 145         }
 146
 147         return 0;
 148 }
 149
 150 static int replace_null_fd(int fd, int flags) {
 151         int nfd;
 152         assert(fd >= 0);
 153
 154         close_nointr(fd);
 155
 156         if ((nfd = open("/dev/null", flags|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
 157                 return -errno;
 158
 159         if (nfd != fd) {
 160                 close_nointr_nofail(nfd);
 161                 return -EIO;
 162         }
 163
 164         return 0;
 165 }
 166
 167 static int setup_output(const ExecContext *context, const char *ident) {
 168         int r;
 169
 170         assert(context);
 171
 172         switch (context->output) {
 173
 174         case EXEC_OUTPUT_CONSOLE:
 175                 return 0;
 176
 177         case EXEC_OUTPUT_NULL:
 178
 179                 if ((r = replace_null_fd(STDOUT_FILENO, O_WRONLY)) < 0 ||
 180                     (r = replace_null_fd(STDERR_FILENO, O_WRONLY)) < 0)
 181                         return r;
 182
 183                 return 0;
 184
 185         case EXEC_OUTPUT_KERNEL:
 186         case EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG: {
 187
 188                 int fd;
 189                 union {
 190                         struct sockaddr sa;
 191                         struct sockaddr_un un;
 192                 } sa;
 193
 194                 close_nointr(STDOUT_FILENO);
 195                 close_nointr(STDERR_FILENO);
 196
 197                 if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
 198                         return -errno;
 199
 200                 if (fd != STDOUT_FILENO) {
 201                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 202                         return -EIO;
 203                 }
 204
 205                 zero(sa);
 206                 sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
 207                 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path+1, LOGGER_SOCKET, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
 208
 209                 if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, sizeof(sa)) < 0) {
 210                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 211                         return -errno;
 212                 }
 213
 214                 if (shutdown(fd, SHUT_RD) < 0) {
 215                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 216                         return -errno;
 217                 }
 218
 219                 if ((fd = dup(fd)) < 0) {
 220                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 221                         return -errno;
 222                 }
 223
 224                 if (fd != STDERR_FILENO) {
 225                         close_nointr_nofail(fd);
 226                         return -EIO;
 227                 }
 228
 229                 /* We speak a very simple protocol between log server
 230                  * and client: one line for the log destination (kmsg
 231                  * or syslog), followed by the priority field,
 232                  * followed by the process name. Since we replaced
 233                  * stdin/stderr we simple use stdio to write to
 234                  * it. Note that we use stderr, to minimize buffer
 235                  * flushing issues. */
 236
 237                 fprintf(stderr,
 238                         "%s\n"
 239                         "%i\n"
 240                         "%s\n",
 241                         context->output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KERNEL ? "kmsg" : "syslog",
 242                         context->syslog_priority,
 243                         context->syslog_identifier ? context->syslog_identifier : ident);
 244
 245                 return 0;
 246         }
 247
 248         default:
 249                 assert_not_reached("Unknown output type");
 250         }
 251 }
 252
 253 int setup_input(const ExecContext *context) {
 254         int r;
 255
 256         assert(context);
 257
 258         switch (context->input) {
 259
 260         case EXEC_INPUT_CONSOLE:
 261                 return 0;
 262
 263         case EXEC_INPUT_NULL:
 264                 if ((r = replace_null_fd(STDIN_FILENO, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
 265                         return r;
 266
 267                 return 0;
 268
 269         default:
 270                 assert_not_reached("Unknown input type");
 271         }
 272 }
 273
 274 int exec_spawn(const ExecCommand *command, const ExecContext *context, int *fds, unsigned n_fds, pid_t *ret) {
 275         pid_t pid;
 276
 277         assert(command);
 278         assert(context);
 279         assert(ret);
 280         assert(fds || n_fds <= 0);
 281
 282         log_debug("about to execute %s", command->path);
 283
 284         if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
 285                 return -errno;
 286
 287         if (pid == 0) {
 288                 char **e, **f = NULL;
 289                 int i, r;
 290                 sigset_t ss;
 291
 292                 /* child */
 293
 294                 if (sigemptyset(&ss) < 0 ||
 295                     sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &ss, NULL) < 0) {
 296                         r = EXIT_SIGNAL_MASK;
 297                         goto fail;
 298                 }
 299
 300                 if (setpgid(0, 0) < 0) {
 301                         r = EXIT_PGID;
 302                         goto fail;
 303                 }
 304
 305                 umask(context->umask);
 306
 307                 if (setup_input(context) < 0) {
 308                         r = EXIT_INPUT;
 309                         goto fail;
 310                 }
 311
 312                 if (setup_output(context, file_name_from_path(command->path)) < 0) {
 313                         r = EXIT_OUTPUT;
 314                         goto fail;
 315                 }
 316
 317                 if (context->oom_adjust_set) {
 318                         char t[16];
 319
 320                         snprintf(t, sizeof(t), "%i", context->oom_adjust);
 321                         char_array_0(t);
 322
 323                         if (write_one_line_file("/proc/self/oom_adj", t) < 0) {
 324                                 r = EXIT_OOM_ADJUST;
 325                                 goto fail;
 326                         }
 327                 }
 328
 329                 if (context->root_directory)
 330                         if (chroot(context->root_directory) < 0) {
 331                                 r = EXIT_CHROOT;
 332                                 goto fail;
 333                         }
 334
 335                 if (chdir(context->working_directory ? context->working_directory : "/") < 0) {
 336                         r = EXIT_CHDIR;
 337                         goto fail;
 338                 }
 339
 340                 if (context->nice_set)
 341                         if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, context->nice) < 0) {
 342                                 r = EXIT_NICE;
 343                                 goto fail;
 344                         }
 345
 346                 if (context->cpu_sched_set) {
 347                         struct sched_param param;
 348
 349                         zero(param);
 350                         param.sched_priority = context->cpu_sched_priority;
 351
 352                         if (sched_setscheduler(0, context->cpu_sched_policy |
 353                                                (context->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork ? SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK : 0), &param) < 0) {
 354                                 r = EXIT_SETSCHEDULER;
 355                                 goto fail;
 356                         }
 357                 }
 358
 359                 if (context->cpu_affinity_set)
 360                         if (sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(context->cpu_affinity), &context->cpu_affinity) < 0) {
 361                                 r = EXIT_CPUAFFINITY;
 362                                 goto fail;
 363                         }
 364
 365                 if (context->ioprio_set)
 366                         if (ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, context->ioprio) < 0) {
 367                                 r = EXIT_IOPRIO;
 368                                 goto fail;
 369                         }
 370
 371                 if (context->timer_slack_ns_set)
 372                         if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK, context->timer_slack_ns_set) < 0) {
 373                                 r = EXIT_TIMERSLACK;
 374                                 goto fail;
 375                         }
 376
 377                 if (close_fds(fds, n_fds) < 0 ||
 378                     shift_fds(fds, n_fds) < 0 ||
 379                     flags_fds(fds, n_fds) < 0) {
 380                         r = EXIT_FDS;
 381                         goto fail;
 382                 }
 383
 384                 for (i = 0; i < RLIMIT_NLIMITS; i++) {
 385                         if (!context->rlimit[i])
 386                                 continue;
 387
 388                         if (setrlimit(i, context->rlimit[i]) < 0) {
 389                                 r = EXIT_LIMITS;
 390                                 goto fail;
 391                         }
 392                 }
 393
 394                 if (context->secure_bits) {
 395                         if (prctl(PR_SET_SECUREBITS, context->secure_bits) < 0) {
 396                                 r = EXIT_SECUREBITS;
 397                                 goto fail;
 398                         }
 399                 }
 400
 401                 if (n_fds > 0) {
 402                         char a[64], b[64];
 403                         char *listen_env[3] = {
 404                                 a,
 405                                 b,
 406                                 NULL
 407                         };
 408
 409                         snprintf(a, sizeof(a), "LISTEN_PID=%llu", (unsigned long long) getpid());
 410                         snprintf(b, sizeof(b), "LISTEN_FDS=%u", n_fds);
 411
 412                         a[sizeof(a)-1] = 0;
 413                         b[sizeof(b)-1] = 0;
 414
 415                         if (context->environment) {
 416                                 if (!(f = strv_merge(listen_env, context->environment))) {
 417                                         r = EXIT_MEMORY;
 418                                         goto fail;
 419                                 }
 420                                 e = f;
 421                         } else
 422                                 e = listen_env;
 423
 424                 } else
 425                         e = context->environment;
 426
 427                 execve(command->path, command->argv, e);
 428                 r = EXIT_EXEC;
 429
 430         fail:
 431                 strv_free(f);
 432                 _exit(r);
 433         }
 434
 435
 436         log_debug("executed %s as %llu", command->path, (unsigned long long) pid);
 437
 438         *ret = pid;
 439         return 0;
 440 }
 441
 442 void exec_context_init(ExecContext *c) {
 443         assert(c);
 444
 445         c->umask = 0002;
 446         c->oom_adjust = 0;
 447         c->oom_adjust_set = false;
 448         c->nice = 0;
 449         c->nice_set = false;
 450         c->ioprio = IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_BE, 0);
 451         c->ioprio_set = false;
 452         c->cpu_sched_policy = SCHED_OTHER;
 453         c->cpu_sched_priority = 0;
 454         c->cpu_sched_set = false;
 455         CPU_ZERO(&c->cpu_affinity);
 456         c->cpu_affinity_set = false;
 457
 458         c->input = 0;
 459         c->output = 0;
 460         c->syslog_priority = LOG_DAEMON|LOG_INFO;
 461
 462         c->secure_bits = 0;
 463         c->capability_bounding_set_drop = 0;
 464 }
 465
 466 void exec_context_done(ExecContext *c) {
 467         unsigned l;
 468
 469         assert(c);
 470
 471         strv_free(c->environment);
 472         c->environment = NULL;
 473
 474         for (l = 0; l < ELEMENTSOF(c->rlimit); l++) {
 475                 free(c->rlimit[l]);
 476                 c->rlimit[l] = NULL;
 477         }
 478
 479         free(c->working_directory);
 480         c->working_directory = NULL;
 481         free(c->root_directory);
 482         c->root_directory = NULL;
 483
 484         free(c->syslog_identifier);
 485         c->syslog_identifier = NULL;
 486
 487         free(c->user);
 488         c->user = NULL;
 489
 490         free(c->group);
 491         c->group = NULL;
 492
 493         strv_free(c->supplementary_groups);
 494         c->supplementary_groups = NULL;
 495
 496         if (c->capabilities) {
 497                 cap_free(c->capabilities);
 498                 c->capabilities = NULL;
 499         }
 500 }
 501
 502 void exec_command_free_list(ExecCommand *c) {
 503         ExecCommand *i;
 504
 505         while ((i = c)) {
 506                 LIST_REMOVE(ExecCommand, command, c, i);
 507
 508                 free(i->path);
 509                 strv_free(i->argv);
 510                 free(i);
 511         }
 512 }
 513
 514 void exec_command_free_array(ExecCommand **c, unsigned n) {
 515         unsigned i;
 516
 517         for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 518                 exec_command_free_list(c[i]);
 519                 c[i] = NULL;
 520         }
 521 }
 522
 523 void exec_context_dump(ExecContext *c, FILE* f, const char *prefix) {
 524         char ** e;
 525         unsigned i;
 526
 527         assert(c);
 528         assert(f);
 529
 530         if (!prefix)
 531                 prefix = "";
 532
 533         fprintf(f,
 534                 "%sUMask: %04o\n"
 535                 "%sWorkingDirectory: %s\n"
 536                 "%sRootDirectory: %s\n",
 537                 prefix, c->umask,
 538                 prefix, c->working_directory ? c->working_directory : "/",
 539                 prefix, c->root_directory ? c->root_directory : "/");
 540
 541         if (c->environment)
 542                 for (e = c->environment; *e; e++)
 543                         fprintf(f, "%sEnvironment: %s\n", prefix, *e);
 544
 545         if (c->nice_set)
 546                 fprintf(f,
 547                         "%sNice: %i\n",
 548                         prefix, c->nice);
 549
 550         if (c->oom_adjust_set)
 551                 fprintf(f,
 552                         "%sOOMAdjust: %i\n",
 553                         prefix, c->oom_adjust);
 554
 555         for (i = 0; i < RLIM_NLIMITS; i++)
 556                 if (c->rlimit[i])
 557                         fprintf(f, "%s%s: %llu\n", prefix, rlimit_to_string(i), (unsigned long long) c->rlimit[i]->rlim_max);
 558
 559         if (c->ioprio_set)
 560                 fprintf(f,
 561                         "%sIOSchedulingClass: %s\n"
 562                         "%sIOPriority: %i\n",
 563                         prefix, ioprio_class_to_string(IOPRIO_PRIO_CLASS(c->ioprio)),
 564                         prefix, (int) IOPRIO_PRIO_DATA(c->ioprio));
 565
 566         if (c->cpu_sched_set)
 567                 fprintf(f,
 568                         "%sCPUSchedulingPolicy: %s\n"
 569                         "%sCPUSchedulingPriority: %i\n"
 570                         "%sCPUSchedulingResetOnFork: %s\n",
 571                         prefix, sched_policy_to_string(c->cpu_sched_policy),
 572                         prefix, c->cpu_sched_priority,
 573                         prefix, yes_no(c->cpu_sched_reset_on_fork));
 574
 575         if (c->cpu_affinity_set) {
 576                 fprintf(f, "%sCPUAffinity:", prefix);
 577                 for (i = 0; i < CPU_SETSIZE; i++)
 578                         if (CPU_ISSET(i, &c->cpu_affinity))
 579                                 fprintf(f, " %i", i);
 580                 fputs("\n", f);
 581         }
 582
 583         if (c->timer_slack_ns_set)
 584                 fprintf(f, "%sTimerSlackNS: %lu\n", prefix, c->timer_slack_ns);
 585
 586         fprintf(f,
 587                 "%sInput: %s\n"
 588                 "%sOutput: %s\n",
 589                 prefix, exec_input_to_string(c->input),
 590                 prefix, exec_output_to_string(c->output));
 591
 592         if (c->output == EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG || c->output == EXEC_OUTPUT_KERNEL)
 593                 fprintf(f,
 594                         "%sSyslogFacility: %s\n"
 595                         "%sSyslogLevel: %s\n",
 596                         prefix, log_facility_to_string(LOG_FAC(c->syslog_priority)),
 597                         prefix, log_level_to_string(LOG_PRI(c->syslog_priority)));
 598
 599         if (c->capabilities) {
 600                 char *t;
 601                 if ((t = cap_to_text(c->capabilities, NULL))) {
 602                         fprintf(f, "%sCapabilities: %s\n",
 603                                 prefix, t);
 604                         cap_free(t);
 605                 }
 606         }
 607
 608         if (c->secure_bits)
 609                 fprintf(f, "%sSecure Bits:%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
 610                         prefix,
 611                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_KEEP_CAPS) ? " keep-caps" : "",
 612                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_KEEP_CAPS_LOCKED) ? " keep-caps-locked" : "",
 613                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP) ? " no-setuid-fixup" : "",
 614                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NO_SETUID_FIXUP_LOCKED) ? " no-setuid-fixup-locked" : "",
 615                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NOROOT) ? " noroot" : "",
 616                         (c->secure_bits & SECURE_NOROOT_LOCKED) ? "noroot-locked" : "");
 617
 618         if (c->capability_bounding_set_drop) {
 619                 fprintf(f, "%sCapabilityBoundingSetDrop:", prefix);
 620
 621                 for (i = 0; i <= CAP_LAST_CAP; i++)
 622                         if (c->capability_bounding_set_drop & (1 << i)) {
 623                                 char *t;
 624
 625                                 if ((t = cap_to_name(i))) {
 626                                         fprintf(f, " %s", t);
 627                                         free(t);
 628                                 }
 629                         }
 630
 631                 fputs("\n", f);
 632         }
 633
 634         if (c->user)
 635                 fprintf(f, "%sUser: %s", prefix, c->user);
 636         if (c->group)
 637                 fprintf(f, "%sGroup: %s", prefix, c->group);
 638
 639         if (c->supplementary_groups) {
 640                 char **g;
 641
 642                 fprintf(f, "%sSupplementaryGroups:", prefix);
 643
 644                 STRV_FOREACH(g, c->supplementary_groups)
 645                         fprintf(f, " %s", *g);
 646
 647                 fputs("\n", f);
 648         }
 649 }
 650
 651 void exec_status_fill(ExecStatus *s, pid_t pid, int code, int status) {
 652         assert(s);
 653
 654         s->pid = pid;
 655         s->code = code;
 656         s->status = status;
 657         s->timestamp = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
 658 }
 659
 660 char *exec_command_line(ExecCommand *c) {
 661         size_t k;
 662         char *n, *p, **a;
 663         bool first = true;
 664
 665         assert(c);
 666         assert(c->argv);
 667
 668         k = 1;
 669         STRV_FOREACH(a, c->argv)
 670                 k += strlen(*a)+3;
 671
 672         if (!(n = new(char, k)))
 673                 return NULL;
 674
 675         p = n;
 676         STRV_FOREACH(a, c->argv) {
 677
 678                 if (!first)
 679                         *(p++) = ' ';
 680                 else
 681                         first = false;
 682
 683                 if (strpbrk(*a, WHITESPACE)) {
 684                         *(p++) = '\'';
 685                         p = stpcpy(p, *a);
 686                         *(p++) = '\'';
 687                 } else
 688                         p = stpcpy(p, *a);
 689
 690         }
 691
 692         *p = 0;
 693
 694         /* FIXME: this doesn't really handle arguments that have
 695          * spaces and ticks in them */
 696
 697         return n;
 698 }
 699
 700 void exec_command_dump(ExecCommand *c, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
 701         char *cmd;
 702
 703         assert(c);
 704         assert(f);
 705
 706         if (!prefix)
 707                 prefix = "";
 708
 709         cmd = exec_command_line(c);
 710
 711         fprintf(f,
 712                 "%sCommand Line: %s\n",
 713                 prefix, cmd ? cmd : strerror(ENOMEM));
 714
 715         free(cmd);
 716 }
 717
 718 void exec_command_dump_list(ExecCommand *c, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
 719         assert(f);
 720
 721         if (!prefix)
 722                 prefix = "";
 723
 724         LIST_FOREACH(command, c, c)
 725                 exec_command_dump(c, f, prefix);
 726 }
 727
 728 static const char* const exec_output_table[_EXEC_OUTPUT_MAX] = {
 729         [EXEC_OUTPUT_CONSOLE] = "console",
 730         [EXEC_OUTPUT_NULL] = "null",
 731         [EXEC_OUTPUT_SYSLOG] = "syslog",
 732         [EXEC_OUTPUT_KERNEL] = "kernel"
 733 };
 734
 735 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(exec_output, ExecOutput);
 736
 737 static const char* const exec_input_table[_EXEC_INPUT_MAX] = {
 738         [EXEC_INPUT_NULL] = "null",
 739         [EXEC_INPUT_CONSOLE] = "console"
 740 };
 741
 742 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(exec_input, ExecInput);