5 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
6 are always updated with a test run now.
8 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
9 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
10 lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
16 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
17 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
18 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
19 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
21 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
22 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
23 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
25 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
26 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
27 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
28 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
30 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
31 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
32 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
33 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
34 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
35 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
36 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
37 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
38 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
40 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
41 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
42 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
43 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
44 name in the by-id/ directory.
45 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
46 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
47 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
48 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
50 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
51 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
52 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
53 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
54 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
60 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
67 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
71 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
72 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
73 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
74 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
75 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
77 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
78 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
79 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
81 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
82 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
83 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
84 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
87 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
88 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
89 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
90 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
91 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
92 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
94 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
95 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
96 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
97 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
98 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
99 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
100 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
101 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
102 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
103 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
104 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
105 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
110 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
111 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
115 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
117 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
118 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
119 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
120 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
121 other keys per rule are gone.
123 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
124 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
125 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
126 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
128 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
129 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
130 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
132 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
133 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
139 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
140 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
141 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
142 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
143 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
144 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
148 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
149 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
152 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
153 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
154 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
156 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
159 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
160 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
161 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
167 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
168 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
169 option which is not affected.
171 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
172 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
178 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
179 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
180 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
183 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
184 some deprecated functions are removed.
186 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
187 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
188 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
190 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
191 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
196 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
199 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
201 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
205 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
206 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
208 compile-in verbose debug messages
210 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
212 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
215 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
216 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
217 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
219 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
220 they should be provided by the package.
226 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
227 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
228 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
230 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
231 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
232 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
233 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
236 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
237 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
240 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
241 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
242 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
247 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
253 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
254 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
260 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
263 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
264 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
265 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
266 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
272 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
273 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
274 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
275 udev (and the kernel).
281 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
283 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
284 udevtest are no longer created.
286 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
289 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
290 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
301 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
302 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
308 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
309 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
310 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
311 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
312 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
314 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
315 udevadm in the list of files.
325 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
326 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
327 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
328 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
329 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
330 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
331 in etc/udev/packages/.
337 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
338 actions by dynamically created rules.
340 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
341 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
342 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
344 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
345 program and not record as a failed event.
351 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
357 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
358 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
359 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
360 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
361 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
363 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
364 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
365 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
367 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
368 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
374 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
375 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
376 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
377 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
378 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
380 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
381 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
387 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
397 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
398 from the udev package.
404 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
405 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
406 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
407 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
408 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
409 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
410 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
413 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
414 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
416 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
417 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
418 the devices we are looking for.
420 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
421 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
422 the same SCSI identifiers.
424 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
425 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
426 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
427 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
428 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
429 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
430 that run programs only for the matching events.
440 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
441 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
442 included in the match.
444 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
452 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
453 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
454 storage area of their music players.
458 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
462 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
463 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
464 action that crashes the box.
466 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
467 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
468 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
469 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
470 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
472 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
473 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
478 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
484 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
485 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
487 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
488 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
489 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
492 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
493 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
494 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
495 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
496 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
498 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
499 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
505 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
506 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
507 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
508 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
509 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
511 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
512 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
513 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
514 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
515 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
518 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
519 event device. Instead of:
520 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
522 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
524 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
526 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
528 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
529 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
530 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
531 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
532 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
533 no longer carry this property of a parent and
534 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
535 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
536 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
537 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
538 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
539 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
540 in most cases it will be empty.
542 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
543 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
544 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
545 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
546 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
547 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
548 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
550 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
551 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
552 no database file was created by udev.
554 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
555 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
556 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
560 Bugfixes and small improvements.
564 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
570 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
571 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
575 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
579 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
580 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
588 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
589 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
590 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
591 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
592 fix possibly broken rules.
596 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
597 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
598 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
599 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
603 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
604 also skipped optical IDE drives.
606 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
608 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
609 packaging process and not at build time.
611 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
612 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
613 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
614 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
615 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
619 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
620 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
622 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
623 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
624 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
626 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
627 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
631 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
633 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
637 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
638 events for the same device.
642 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
644 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
649 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
650 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
651 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
652 received the event for.
654 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
659 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
661 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
662 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
663 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
664 the end of the program name to prevent this.
665 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
666 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
667 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
671 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
672 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
673 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
674 included in a package.
676 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
677 the ignore rule was applied.
679 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
680 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
681 should be requested by their subsytem.
683 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
685 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
686 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
688 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
689 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
690 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
691 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
692 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
695 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
696 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
697 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
698 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
699 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
700 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
701 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
702 for changed parent chains.
706 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
707 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
709 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
710 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
712 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
713 to make %b simpler and working again.
717 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
718 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
719 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
720 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
721 change. They will be fixed immediately.
723 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
724 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
725 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
726 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
727 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
729 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
730 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
731 the sysfs "modalias" value.
733 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
737 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
739 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
740 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
742 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
743 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
747 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
748 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
749 mentioned on the hotplug list:
750 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
753 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
757 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
758 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
759 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
763 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
764 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
765 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
766 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
767 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
768 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
770 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
771 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
773 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
774 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
775 still private to udev and can change at any time.
777 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
778 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
779 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
780 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
782 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
783 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
784 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
787 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
788 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
789 before starting the daemon.
793 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
796 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
797 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
801 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
802 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
804 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
805 without any queuing now.
809 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
810 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
811 version of udev anymore.
815 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
816 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
817 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
818 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
819 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
821 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
822 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
823 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
824 device removal and the udev database will not work.
826 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
829 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
833 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
835 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
836 non-writable /tmp directory.
838 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
839 let's see who can break this again. :)
841 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
842 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
843 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
844 versions will _not_ create these devices!
848 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
853 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
854 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
855 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
856 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
857 export it to the filesystem.
861 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
862 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
867 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
868 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
869 available while we try to run external programs.
870 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
874 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
875 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
876 grab it from here. :)
880 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
882 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
883 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
884 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
888 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
890 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
892 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
893 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
898 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
902 Mostly a Bugfix release.
904 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
905 timing with custom rules.
909 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
910 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
912 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
913 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
914 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
916 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
924 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
925 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
926 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
927 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
929 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
930 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
931 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
933 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
934 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
935 bypass the driver core.
937 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
938 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
939 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
940 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
941 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
942 from a rule if needed:
943 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
944 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
945 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
946 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
947 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
948 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
950 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
951 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
952 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
953 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
955 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
956 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
957 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
959 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
960 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
961 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
962 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
963 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
965 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
966 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
967 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
968 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
971 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
972 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
973 to export the probed data in environment key format:
974 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
975 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
976 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
980 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
981 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
984 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
987 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
988 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
990 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
991 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
992 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
994 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
995 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
996 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
997 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
999 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
1000 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1001 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1004 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1005 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1006 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1007 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1008 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1009 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1011 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1012 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1013 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1014 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1018 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1019 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1023 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1024 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1025 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1029 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1030 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1032 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1033 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1034 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1035 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1037 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1038 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1039 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1041 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1042 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1044 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1045 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1046 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1047 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1048 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1049 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1050 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1055 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1056 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1057 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1061 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1063 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1064 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1066 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1067 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1069 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1070 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1071 character class negations like:
1072 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1073 this can now be replaced with:
1075 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1076 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1078 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1081 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1082 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob