3 Bugfix for $name resolution, which broke at least some keymap handling.
7 Bugfix for the firmware loading behavior with kernel modules which
8 try to load firmware in the module_init() path. The blocked event
9 runs into a timout now, which should allow the firmware to be loaded.
11 Bugfix for a wrong DEVNAME= export, which breaks at least the udev-acl
14 Bugfix for missing ID_ properties for GPT partitions.
16 The RUN+="socket:.." option is deprecated and should not be used. A warning
17 during rules parsing is printed now. Services which listen to udev events,
18 need to subscribe to the netlink messages with libudev and not let udev block
19 in the rules execution until the message is delivered.
23 Bugfix for rule_generator instalation.
27 The 'devtmpfs' filesystem is required now, udev will not create or delete
28 device nodes anymore, it only adjusts permissions and ownership of device
29 nodes and maintains additional symlinks.
31 A writable /run directory (ususally tmpfs) is required now for a fully
32 functional udev, there is no longer a fallback to /dev/.udev.
34 The default 'configure' install locations have changed. Packages for systems
35 with the historic / vs. /usr split need to be adapted, otherwise udev will
36 be installed in /usr and not work properly. Example configuration options
37 to install things the traditional way are in INSTALL.
39 The default install location of the 'udevadm' tool moved from 'sbin'
40 to /usr/bin. Some tools expect udevadm in 'sbin', a symlink to udevadm
41 needs to be manually created if needed, or --bindir=/sbin be specified.
43 The expected value of '--libexecdir=' has changed and must no longer contain
46 Kernel modules are now loaded directly by linking udev to 'libkmod'. The
47 'modprobe' tool is no longer executed by udev.
49 The 'blkid' tool is no longer executed from udev rules. Udev links
50 directly to libblkid now.
52 Firmware is loaded natively by udev now, the external 'firmware' binary
55 All built-in tools can be listed and tested with 'udevadm test-builtin'.
57 The 'udevadm control --reload-rules' option has been renamed to '--reload'.
58 It now also reloads the kernel module configuration.
60 The systemd socket files use PassCredentials=yes, which is available in
63 The udev build system only creates a .xz tarball now.
65 All tabs in the source code used for indentation are replaced by spaces now. :)
75 The udev daemon moved to /lib/udev/udevd. Non-systemd init systems
76 and non-dracut initramfs image generators need to change the init
77 scripts. Alternatively the udev build needs to move udevd back to
78 /sbin or create a symlink in /sbin, which is not done by default.
80 The path_id, usb_id, input_id tools are built-in commands now and
81 the stand-alone tools do not exist anymore. Static lists of file in
82 initramfs generators need to be updated. For testing, the commands
83 can still be executed standalone with 'udevadm test-builtin <cmd>'.
85 The fusectl filesystem is no longer mounted directly from udev.
86 Systemd systems will take care of mounting fusectl and configfs
87 now. Non-systemd systems need to ship their own rule if they
88 need these filesystems auto-mounted.
90 The long deprecated keys: SYSFS=, ID=, BUS= have been removed.
92 The support for 'udevadm trigger --type=failed, and the
93 RUN{fail_event_on_error} attribute was removed.
95 The udev control socket is now created in /run/udev/control
96 and no longer as an abstract namespace one.
98 The rules to create persistent network interface and cdrom link
99 rules automatically in /etc/udev/rules.d/ have been disabled by
100 default. Explicit configuration will be required for these use
101 cases, udev will no longer try to write any persistent system
102 configuration from a device hotplug path.
108 The udev-acl extra is no longer enabled by default now. To enable it,
109 --enable-udev_acl needs to be given at ./configure time. On systemd
110 systems, the udev-acl rules prevent it from running as the functionality
111 has moved to systemd.
117 Udev now enables kernel media-presence polling if available. Part
118 of udisks optical drive tray-handling moved to cdrom_id: The tray
119 is locked as soon as a media is detected to enable the receiving
120 of media-eject-request events. Media-eject-request events will
123 Libudev enumerate is now able to enumerate a subtree of a given
126 The mobile-action-modeswitch modeswitch tool was deleted. The
127 functionality is provided by usb_modeswitch now.
133 The systemd service files require systemd version 28. The systemd
134 socket activation make it possible now to start 'udevd' and 'udevadm
135 trigger' in parallel.
139 Fix bug in control message handling, which can lead to a failing
140 udevadm control --exit. Thanks to Jürg Billeter for help tracking
147 We require at least Linux kernel 2.6.32 now. Some platforms might
148 require a later kernel that supports accept4() and similar, or
149 need to backport the trivial syscall wiring to the older kernels.
151 The hid2hci tool moved to the bluez package and was removed.
153 Many of the extras can be --enable/--disabled at ./configure
154 time. The --disable-extras option was removed. Some extras have
155 been disabled by default. The current options and their defaults
156 can be checked with './configure --help'.
162 Udev logs a warning now if /run is not writable at udevd
163 startup. It will still fall back to /dev/.udev, but this is
164 now considered a bug.
166 The running udev daemon can now cleanly shut down with:
167 udevadm control --exit
169 Udev in initramfs should clean the state of the udev database
170 with: udevadm info --cleanup-db which will remove all state left
171 behind from events/rules in initramfs. If initramfs uses
172 --cleanup-db and device-mapper/LVM, the rules in initramfs need
173 to add OPTIONS+="db_persist" for all dm devices. This will
174 prevent removal of the udev database for these devices.
176 Spawned programs by PROGRAM/IMPORT/RUN now have a hard timeout of
177 120 seconds per process. If that timeout is reached the spawned
178 process will be killed. The event timeout can be overwritten with
181 If systemd is used, udev gets now activated by netlink data.
182 Systemd will bind the netlink socket which will buffer all data.
183 If needed, such setup allows a seemless update of the udev daemon,
184 where no event can be lost during a udevd update/restart.
185 Packages need to make sure to: systemctl stop udev.socket udev.service
186 or 'mask' udev.service during the upgrade to prevent any unwanted
187 auto-spawning of udevd.
188 This version of udev conflicts with systemd version below 25. The
189 unchanged service files will not wirk correctly.
195 The udev runtime data moved from /dev/.udev/ to /run/udev/. The
196 /run mountpoint is supposed to be a tmpfs mounted during early boot,
197 available and writable to for all tools at any time during bootup,
198 it replaces /var/run/, which should become a symlink some day.
200 If /run does not exist, or is not writable, udev will fall back using
203 On systemd systems with initramfs and LVM used, packagers must
204 make sure, that the systemd and initramfs versions match. The initramfs
205 needs to create the /run mountpoint for udev to store the data, and
206 mount this tmpfs to /run in the rootfs, so the that the udev database
207 is preserved for the udev version started in the rootfs.
209 The command 'udevadm info --convert-db' is gone. The udev daemon
210 itself, at startup, converts any old database version if necessary.
212 The systemd services files have been reorganized. The udev control
213 socket is bound by systemd and passed to the started udev daemon.
214 The udev-settle.service is no longer active by default. Services which
215 can not handle hotplug setups properly need to actively pull it in, to
216 act like a barrier. Alternatively the settle service can be unconditionally
217 'systemctl'enabled, and act like a barrier for basic.target.
219 The fstab_import callout is no longer built or installed. Udev
220 should not be used to mount, does not watch changes to fstab, and
221 should not mirror fstab values in the udev database.
227 New and updated keymaps.
233 The udev database has changed, After installation of a new udev
234 version, 'udevadm info --convert-db' should be called, to let the new
235 udev/libudev version read the already stored data.
237 udevadm now supports quoting of property values, and prefixing of
239 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix=MY_ --query=property -n sda
242 MY_DEVNAME='/dev/sda'
246 libudev now supports:
247 udev_device_get_is_initialized()
248 udev_enumerate_add_match_is_initialized()
249 to be able to skip devices the kernel has created , but udev has
252 libudev now supports:
253 udev_device_get_usec_since_initialized()
254 to retrieve the "age" of a udev device record.
256 GUdev supports a more generic GUdevEnumerator class, udev TAG
257 handling, device initialization and timestamp now.
259 The counterpart of /sys/dev/{char,block}/$major:$minor,
260 /dev/{char,block}/$major:$minor symlinks are now unconditionally
261 created, even when no rule files exist.
263 New and updated keymaps.
269 GUdev moved from /usr to /.
279 Persistent network naming rules are disabled inside of Qemu/KVM now.
281 New and updated keymaps.
283 Udev gets unconditionally enabled on systemd installations now. There
284 is no longer the need to to run 'systemctl enable udev.service'.
298 New and fixed keymaps.
300 Install systemd service files if applicable.
306 All distribution specific rules are removed from the udev source tree,
307 most of them are no longer needed. The Gentoo rules which allow to support
308 older kernel versions, which are not covered by the default rules anymore
309 has moved to rules/misc/30-kernel-compat.rules.
315 The option --debug-trace and the environemnt variable UDEVD_MAX_CHILDS=
316 was removed from udevd.
318 Udevd now checks the kernel commandline for the following variables:
319 udev.log-priority=<syslog priority>
320 udev.children-max=<maximum number of workers>
321 udev.exec-delay=<seconds to delay the execution of RUN=>
322 to help debuging coldplug setups where the loading of a kernel
323 module crashes the system.
325 The subdirectory in the source tree rules/packages has been renamed to
326 rules/arch, anc contains only architecture specific rules now.
336 Now the udev daemon itself, does on startup:
337 - copy the content of /lib/udev/devices to /dev
338 - create the standard symlinks like /dev/std{in,out,err},
339 /dev/core, /dev/fd, ...
340 - use static node information provided by kernel modules
341 and creates these nodes to allow module on-demand loading
342 - possibly apply permissions to all ststic nodes from udev
343 rules which are annotated to match a static node
345 The default mode for a device node is 0600 now to match the kernel
346 created devtmpfs defaults. If GROUP= is specified and no MODE= is
347 given the default will be 0660.
353 Udev now gradually starts to pass control over the primary device nodes
354 and their names to the kernel, and will in the end only manage the
355 permissions of the node, and possibly create additional symlinks.
356 As a first step NAME="" will be ignored, and NAME= setings with names
357 other than the kernel provided name will result in a logged warning.
358 Kernels that don't provide device names, or devtmpfs is not used, will
359 still work as they did before, but it is strongly recommended to use
360 only the same names for the primary device node as the recent kernel
361 provides for all devices.
365 Fix broken firmware loader search path.
371 "udevadm trigger" defaults to "change" events now instead of "add"
372 events. The "udev boot script" might need to add "--action=add" to
373 the trigger command if not already there, in case the initial coldplug
374 events are expected as "add" events.
376 The option "all_partitons" was removed from udev. This should not be
377 needed for usual hardware. Udev can not safely make assumptions
378 about non-existing partition major/minor numbers, and therefore no
379 longer provide this unreliable and unsafe option.
381 The option "ignore_remove" was removed from udev. With devtmpfs
382 udev passed control over device nodes to the kernel. This option
383 should not be needed, or can not work as advertised. Neither
384 udev nor the kernel will remove device nodes which are copied from
385 the /lib/udev/devices/ directory.
387 All "add|change" matches are replaced by "!remove" in the rules and
388 in the udev logic. All types of events will update possible symlinks
389 and permissions, only "remove" is handled special now.
391 The modem modeswitch extra was removed and the external usb_modeswitch
392 program should be used instead.
394 New and fixed keymaps.
404 Kernels with SYSFS_DEPRECATED=y are not supported since a while. Many users
405 depend on the current sysfs layout and the information not available in the
406 deprecated layout. All remaining support for the deprecated sysfs layout is
411 Fix for a possible endless loop in the new input_id program.
417 The option "ignore_device" does no longer exist. There is no way to
418 ignore an event, as libudev events can not be suppressed by rules.
419 It only prevented RUN keys from being executed, which results in an
420 inconsistent behavior in current setups.
422 BUS=, SYSFS{}=, ID= are long deprecated and should be SUBSYSTEM(S)=,
423 ATTR(S){}=, KERNEL(S)=. It will cause a warning once for every rule
426 The support for the deprecated IDE devices has been removed from the
427 default set of rules. Distros who still care about non-libata drivers
428 need to add the rules to the compat rules file.
430 The ID_CLASS property on input devices has been replaced by the more accurate
431 set of flags ID_INPUT_{KEYBOARD,KEY,MOUSE,TOUCHPAD,TABLET,JOYSTICK}. These are
432 determined by the new "input_id" prober now. Some devices, such as touchpads,
433 can have several classes. So if you previously had custom udev rules which e. g.
434 checked for ENV{ID_CLASS}=="kbd", you need to replace this with
435 ENV{ID_INPUT_KEYBOARD}=="?*".
441 To support DEVPATH strings larger than the maximum file name length, the
442 private udev database format has changed. If some software still reads the
443 private files in /dev/.udev/, which it shouldn't, now it's time to fix it.
444 Please do not port anything to the new format again, everything in /dev/.udev
445 is and always was private to udev, and may and will change any time without
448 Multiple devices claiming the same names in /dev are limited to symlinks
449 only now. Mixing identical symlink names and node names is not supported.
450 This reduces the amount of data in the database significantly.
452 NAME="%k" causes a warning now. It's is and always was completely superfluous.
453 It will break kernel supplied DEVNAMEs and therefore it needs to be removed
456 Most NAME= instructions got removed. Kernel 2.6.31 supplies the needed names
457 if they are not the default. To support older kernels, the NAME= rules need to
458 be added to the compat rules file.
460 Symlinks to udevadm with the old command names are no longer resolved to
461 the udevadm commands.
463 The udev-acl tool got adopted to changes in ConsoleKit. Version 0.4.1 is
466 The option "last_rule" does no longer exist. Its use breaks too many
467 things which expect to be run from independent later rules, and is an idication
468 that something needs to be fixed properly instead.
470 The gudev API is no longer marked as experimental,
471 G_UDEV_API_IS_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE is no longer needed. The gudev introspection
472 is enabled by default now. Various projects already depend on introspection
473 information to bind dynamic languages to the gudev interfaces.
479 The udevadm trigger "--retry-failed" option, which is replaced since quite
480 a while by "--type=failed" is removed.
482 The failed tracking was not working at all for a few releases. The RUN
483 option "ignore_error" is replaced by a "fail_event_on_error" option, and the
484 default is not to track any failing RUN executions.
486 New keymaps, new modem, hid2hci updated.
490 Fix possible crash in udevd when worker processes are busy, rules are
491 changed at the same time, and workers get killed to reload the rules.
497 Properties set with ENV{.FOO}="bar" are marked private by starting the
498 name with a '.'. They will not be stored in the database, and not be
499 exported with the event.
501 Firmware files are looked up in:
502 /lib/firmware/updates/$(uname -r)
503 /lib/firmware/updates
504 /lib/firmware/$(uname -r)
508 ATA devices switched the property from ID_BUS=scsi to ID_BUS=ata.
509 ata_id, instead of scsi_id, is the default tool now for ATA devices.
515 The configure options have changed because another library needs to be
516 installed in a different location. Instead of exec_prefix and udev_prefix,
517 libdir, rootlibdir and libexecdir are used. The Details are explained in
520 Event processes now get re-used after they handled an event. This reduces
521 the number of forks and the pressure on the CPU significantly, because
522 cloned event processes no longer cause page faults in the main daemon.
523 After the events have settled, a few worker processes stay around for
524 future events, all others get cleaned up.
526 To be able to use signalfd(), udev depends on kernel version 2.6.25 now.
527 Also inotify support is mandatory now to run udev.
529 The format of the queue exported by the udev damon has changed. There is
530 no longer a /dev/.udev/queue/ directory. The current event queue can be
531 accessed with udevadm settle and libudedv.
533 Libudev does not have the unstable API header anymore. From now on,
534 incompatible changes will be handled by bumping the library major version.
536 To build udev from the git tree gtk-doc is needed now. The tarballs will
537 build without it and contain the pre-built documentation. An online copy
539 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/libudev/
541 The tools from the udev-extras repository have been merged into the main
542 udev repository. Some of the extras have larger external dependencies, and
543 they can be disabled with the configure switch --disable-extras.
549 The program vol_id and the library libvolume_id are removed from the
550 repository. Libvolume_id is merged with libblkid from the util-linux-ng
551 package. Persistent disk links for label and uuid depend on the
552 util-linux-ng version (2.15) of blkid now. Older versions of blkid
553 can not be used with udev.
555 Libudev allows to subscribe to udev events. To prevent unwanted messages
556 to be delivered, and waking up the subscribing process, a filter can be
557 installed, to drop messages inside a kernel socket filter. The filters
558 match on the <subsytem>:<devtype> properties of the device.
559 This is part of the ongoing effort to replace HAL, and switch current
560 users over to directly use libudev.
561 Libudev is still marked as experimental, and its interface might
562 eventually change if needed, but no major changes of the currently exported
563 interface are expected anymore, and a first stable release should happen
566 A too old kernel (2.6.21) or a kernel with CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
567 is not supported since while and udevd will log an error message at
568 startup. It should still be able to boot-up, but advanced rules and system
569 services which depend on the information not available in the old sysfs
570 format will fail to work correctly.
572 DVB device naming is supplied by the kernel now. In case older kernels
573 need to be supported, the old shell script should be added to a compat
580 The processed udev events get send back to the netlink socket. Libudev
581 provides access to these events. This is work-in-progress, to replace
582 the DeviceKit daemon functionality directly with libudev. There are
583 upcoming kernel changes to allow non-root users to subcribe to these
590 "udevadm settle" now optionally accepts a range of events to wait for,
591 instead of waiting for "all" events.
597 The installed watch for block device metadata changes is now removed
598 during event hadling, because some (broken) tools may be called from udev
599 rules and (wrongly) open the device with write access. After the finished
600 event handling the watch is restored.
606 Device nodes can be watched for changes with inotify with OPTIONS="watch".
607 If closed after being opened for writing, a "change" uevent will occur.
608 /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid}/* symlinks will be automatically updated.
614 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
615 are always updated with a test run now.
617 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
618 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
619 lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
625 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
626 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
627 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
628 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
630 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
631 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
632 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
634 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
635 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
636 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
637 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
639 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
640 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
641 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
642 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
643 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
644 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
645 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
646 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
647 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
649 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
650 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
651 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
652 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
653 name in the by-id/ directory.
654 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
655 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
656 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
657 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
659 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
660 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
661 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
662 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
663 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
669 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
676 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
680 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
681 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
682 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
683 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
684 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
686 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
687 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
688 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
690 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
691 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
692 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
693 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
696 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
697 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
698 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
699 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
700 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
701 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
703 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
704 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
705 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
706 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
707 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
708 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
709 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
710 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
711 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
712 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
713 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
714 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
719 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
720 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
724 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
726 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
727 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
728 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
729 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
730 other keys per rule are gone.
732 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
733 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
734 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
735 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
737 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
738 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
739 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
741 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
742 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
748 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
749 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
750 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
751 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
752 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
753 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
757 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
758 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
761 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
762 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
763 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
765 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
768 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
769 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
770 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
776 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
777 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
778 option which is not affected.
780 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
781 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
787 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
788 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
789 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
792 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
793 some deprecated functions are removed.
795 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
796 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
797 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
799 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
800 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
805 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
808 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
810 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
814 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
815 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
817 compile-in verbose debug messages
819 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
821 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
824 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
825 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
826 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
828 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
829 they should be provided by the package.
835 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
836 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
837 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
839 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
840 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
841 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
842 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
845 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
846 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
849 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
850 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
851 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
856 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
862 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
863 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
869 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
872 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
873 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
874 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
875 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
881 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
882 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
883 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
884 udev (and the kernel).
890 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
892 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
893 udevtest are no longer created.
895 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
898 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
899 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
910 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
911 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
917 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
918 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
919 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
920 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
921 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
923 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
924 udevadm in the list of files.
934 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
935 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
936 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
937 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
938 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
939 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
940 in etc/udev/packages/.
946 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
947 actions by dynamically created rules.
949 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
950 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
951 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
953 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
954 program and not record as a failed event.
960 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
966 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
967 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
968 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
969 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
970 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
972 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
973 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
974 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
976 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
977 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
983 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
984 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
985 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
986 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
987 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
989 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
990 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
996 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
1006 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
1007 from the udev package.
1013 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
1014 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
1015 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
1016 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
1017 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
1018 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
1019 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
1022 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
1023 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
1025 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
1026 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
1027 the devices we are looking for.
1029 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
1030 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
1031 the same SCSI identifiers.
1033 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
1034 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
1035 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
1036 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
1037 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
1038 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
1039 that run programs only for the matching events.
1049 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
1050 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
1051 included in the match.
1053 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
1061 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
1062 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
1063 storage area of their music players.
1067 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
1071 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
1072 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
1073 action that crashes the box.
1075 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
1076 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
1077 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
1078 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
1079 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
1081 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
1082 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
1087 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
1093 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
1094 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
1096 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
1097 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
1098 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
1101 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
1102 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
1103 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
1104 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
1105 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
1107 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
1108 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
1114 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
1115 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
1116 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
1117 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
1118 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
1120 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
1121 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
1122 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
1123 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
1124 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
1127 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
1128 event device. Instead of:
1129 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
1131 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
1133 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
1135 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
1137 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
1138 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
1139 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
1140 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
1141 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
1142 no longer carry this property of a parent and
1143 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
1144 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
1145 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
1146 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
1147 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
1148 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
1149 in most cases it will be empty.
1151 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
1152 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
1153 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
1154 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
1155 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
1156 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
1157 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
1159 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
1160 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
1161 no database file was created by udev.
1163 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
1164 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
1165 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
1169 Bugfixes and small improvements.
1173 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
1179 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
1180 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
1184 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
1188 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
1189 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
1197 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
1198 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
1199 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
1200 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
1201 fix possibly broken rules.
1205 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
1206 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
1207 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
1208 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
1212 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
1213 also skipped optical IDE drives.
1215 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
1217 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
1218 packaging process and not at build time.
1220 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
1221 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
1222 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
1223 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
1224 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
1228 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
1229 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
1231 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
1232 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
1233 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
1235 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
1236 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
1240 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
1242 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
1246 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
1247 events for the same device.
1251 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
1253 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
1258 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
1259 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
1260 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
1261 received the event for.
1263 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
1268 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
1270 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
1271 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
1272 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
1273 the end of the program name to prevent this.
1274 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
1275 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
1276 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
1280 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
1281 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
1282 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
1283 included in a package.
1285 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
1286 the ignore rule was applied.
1288 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
1289 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
1290 should be requested by their subsytem.
1292 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
1294 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
1295 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
1297 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
1298 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
1299 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
1300 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
1301 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
1304 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
1305 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
1306 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
1307 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
1308 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
1309 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
1310 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
1311 for changed parent chains.
1315 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
1316 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
1318 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
1319 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
1321 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
1322 to make %b simpler and working again.
1326 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
1327 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
1328 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
1329 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
1330 change. They will be fixed immediately.
1332 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
1333 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
1334 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
1335 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
1336 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
1338 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
1339 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
1340 the sysfs "modalias" value.
1342 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
1346 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
1348 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
1349 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
1351 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
1352 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
1356 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
1357 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
1358 mentioned on the hotplug list:
1359 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
1362 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
1366 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
1367 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
1368 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
1372 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
1373 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
1374 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
1375 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
1376 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
1377 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
1379 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
1380 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
1382 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
1383 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
1384 still private to udev and can change at any time.
1386 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
1387 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
1388 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
1389 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
1391 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
1392 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
1393 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
1396 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
1397 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
1398 before starting the daemon.
1402 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
1405 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
1406 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
1410 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
1411 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
1413 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
1414 without any queuing now.
1418 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
1419 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
1420 version of udev anymore.
1424 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
1425 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
1426 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
1427 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
1428 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
1430 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
1431 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
1432 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
1433 device removal and the udev database will not work.
1435 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
1438 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
1442 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
1444 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
1445 non-writable /tmp directory.
1447 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
1448 let's see who can break this again. :)
1450 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
1451 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
1452 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
1453 versions will _not_ create these devices!
1457 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
1462 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
1463 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
1464 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
1465 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
1466 export it to the filesystem.
1470 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
1471 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
1476 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
1477 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
1478 available while we try to run external programs.
1479 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
1483 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
1484 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
1485 grab it from here. :)
1489 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
1491 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
1492 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
1493 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
1497 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
1499 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
1501 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
1502 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
1507 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
1511 Mostly a Bugfix release.
1513 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
1514 timing with custom rules.
1518 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
1519 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
1521 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
1522 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
1523 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
1525 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
1533 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
1534 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
1535 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
1536 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
1538 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
1539 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
1540 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
1542 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
1543 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
1544 bypass the driver core.
1546 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
1547 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
1548 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
1549 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
1550 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
1551 from a rule if needed:
1552 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
1553 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
1554 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
1555 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
1556 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
1557 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
1559 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
1560 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
1561 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
1562 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
1564 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
1565 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
1566 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
1568 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
1569 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
1570 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
1571 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
1572 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
1574 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
1575 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
1576 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
1577 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
1580 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
1581 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
1582 to export the probed data in environment key format:
1583 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
1584 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
1585 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
1586 ID_REVISION=MH4OA6BA
1588 The following rules:
1589 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
1590 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
1593 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
1596 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
1597 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
1599 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
1600 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
1601 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
1603 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
1604 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
1605 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
1606 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
1608 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
1609 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1610 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1613 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1614 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1615 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1616 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1617 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1618 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1620 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1621 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1622 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1623 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1627 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1628 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1632 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1633 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1634 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1638 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1639 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1641 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1642 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1643 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1644 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1646 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1647 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1648 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1650 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1651 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1653 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1654 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1655 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1656 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1657 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1658 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1659 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1664 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1665 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1666 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1670 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1672 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1673 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1675 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1676 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1678 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1679 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1680 character class negations like:
1681 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1682 this can now be replaced with:
1684 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1685 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1687 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1690 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1691 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob