3 Fix for a possible endless loop in the new input_id program.
9 The option "ignore_device" does no longer exist. There is no way to
10 ignore an event, as libudev events can not be suppressed by rules.
11 It only prevented RUN keys from being executed, which results in an
12 inconsistent behavior in current setups.
14 BUS=, SYSFS{}=, ID= are long deprecated and should be SUBSYSTEM(S)=,
15 ATTR(S){}=, KERNEL(S)=. It will cause a warning once for every rule
18 The support for the deprecated IDE devices has been removed from the
19 default set of rules. Distros who still care about non-libata drivers
20 need to add the rules to the compat rules file.
22 The ID_CLASS property on input devices has been replaced by the more accurate
23 set of flags ID_INPUT_{KEYBOARD,KEY,MOUSE,TOUCHPAD,TABLET,JOYSTICK}. These are
24 determined by the new "input_id" prober now. Some devices, such as touchpads,
25 can have several classes. So if you previously had custom udev rules which e. g.
26 checked for ENV{ID_CLASS}=="kbd", you need to replace this with
27 ENV{ID_INPUT_KEYBOARD}=="?*".
33 To support DEVPATH strings larger than the maximum file name length, the
34 private udev database format has changed. If some software still reads the
35 private files in /dev/.udev/, which it shouldn't, now it's time to fix it.
36 Please do not port anything to the new format again, everything in /dev/.udev
37 is and always was private to udev, and may and will change any time without
40 Multiple devices claiming the same names in /dev are limited to symlinks
41 only now. Mixing identical symlink names and node names is not supported.
42 This reduces the amount of data in the database significantly.
44 NAME="%k" causes a warning now. It's is and always was completely superfluous.
45 It will break kernel supplied DEVNAMEs and therefore it needs to be removed
48 Most NAME= instructions got removed. Kernel 2.6.31 supplies the needed names
49 if they are not the default. To support older kernels, the NAME= rules need to
50 be added to the compat rules file.
52 Symlinks to udevadm with the old command names are no longer resolved to
55 The udev-acl tool got adopted to changes in ConsoleKit. Version 0.4.1 is
58 The option "last_rule" does no longer exist. Its use breaks too many
59 things which expect to be run from independent later rules, and is an idication
60 that something needs to be fixed properly instead.
62 The gudev API is no longer marked as experimental,
63 G_UDEV_API_IS_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE is no longer needed. The gudev introspection
64 is enabled by default now. Various projects already depend on introspection
65 information to bind dynamic languages to the gudev interfaces.
71 The udevadm trigger "--retry-failed" option, which is replaced since quite
72 a while by "--type=failed" is removed.
74 The failed tracking was not working at all for a few releases. The RUN
75 option "ignore_error" is replaced by a "fail_event_on_error" option, and the
76 default is not to track any failing RUN executions.
78 New keymaps, new modem, hid2hci updated.
82 Fix possible crash in udevd when worker processes are busy, rules are
83 changed at the same time, and workers get killed to reload the rules.
89 Properties set with ENV{.FOO}="bar" are marked private by starting the
90 name with a '.'. They will not be stored in the database, and not be
91 exported with the event.
93 Firmware files are looked up in:
94 /lib/firmware/updates/$(uname -r)
96 /lib/firmware/$(uname -r)
100 ATA devices switched the property from ID_BUS=scsi to ID_BUS=ata.
101 ata_id, instead of scsi_id, is the default tool now for ATA devices.
107 The configure options have changed because another library needs to be
108 installed in a different location. Instead of exec_prefix and udev_prefix,
109 libdir, rootlibdir and libexecdir are used. The Details are explained in
112 Event processes now get re-used after they handled an event. This reduces
113 the number of forks and the pressure on the CPU significantly, because
114 cloned event processes no longer cause page faults in the main daemon.
115 After the events have settled, a few worker processes stay around for
116 future events, all others get cleaned up.
118 To be able to use signalfd(), udev depends on kernel version 2.6.25 now.
119 Also inotify support is mandatory now to run udev.
121 The format of the queue exported by the udev damon has changed. There is
122 no longer a /dev/.udev/queue/ directory. The current event queue can be
123 accessed with udevadm settle and libudedv.
125 Libudev does not have the unstable API header anymore. From now on,
126 incompatible changes will be handled by bumping the library major version.
128 To build udev from the git tree gtk-doc is needed now. The tarballs will
129 build without it and contain the pre-built documentation. An online copy
131 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/libudev/
133 The tools from the udev-extras repository have been merged into the main
134 udev repository. Some of the extras have larger external dependencies, and
135 they can be disabled with the configure switch --disable-extras.
141 The program vol_id and the library libvolume_id are removed from the
142 repository. Libvolume_id is merged with libblkid from the util-linux-ng
143 package. Persistent disk links for label and uuid depend on the
144 util-linux-ng version (2.15) of blkid now. Older versions of blkid
145 can not be used with udev.
147 Libudev allows to subscribe to udev events. To prevent unwanted messages
148 to be delivered, and waking up the subscribing process, a filter can be
149 installed, to drop messages inside a kernel socket filter. The filters
150 match on the <subsytem>:<devtype> properties of the device.
151 This is part of the ongoing effort to replace HAL, and switch current
152 users over to directly use libudev.
153 Libudev is still marked as experimental, and its interface might
154 eventually change if needed, but no major changes of the currently exported
155 interface are expected anymore, and a first stable release should happen
158 A too old kernel (2.6.21) or a kernel with CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
159 is not supported since while and udevd will log an error message at
160 startup. It should still be able to boot-up, but advanced rules and system
161 services which depend on the information not available in the old sysfs
162 format will fail to work correctly.
164 DVB device naming is supplied by the kernel now. In case older kernels
165 need to be supported, the old shell script should be added to a compat
172 The processed udev events get send back to the netlink socket. Libudev
173 provides access to these events. This is work-in-progress, to replace
174 the DeviceKit daemon functionality directly with libudev. There are
175 upcoming kernel changes to allow non-root users to subcribe to these
182 "udevadm settle" now optionally accepts a range of events to wait for,
183 instead of waiting for "all" events.
189 The installed watch for block device metadata changes is now removed
190 during event hadling, because some (broken) tools may be called from udev
191 rules and (wrongly) open the device with write access. After the finished
192 event handling the watch is restored.
198 Device nodes can be watched for changes with inotify with OPTIONS="watch".
199 If closed after being opened for writing, a "change" uevent will occur.
200 /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid}/* symlinks will be automatically updated.
206 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
207 are always updated with a test run now.
209 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
210 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
211 lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
217 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
218 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
219 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
220 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
222 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
223 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
224 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
226 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
227 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
228 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
229 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
231 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
232 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
233 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
234 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
235 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
236 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
237 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
238 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
239 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
241 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
242 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
243 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
244 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
245 name in the by-id/ directory.
246 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
247 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
248 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
249 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
251 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
252 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
253 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
254 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
255 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
261 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
268 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
272 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
273 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
274 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
275 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
276 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
278 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
279 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
280 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
282 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
283 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
284 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
285 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
288 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
289 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
290 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
291 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
292 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
293 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
295 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
296 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
297 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
298 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
299 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
300 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
301 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
302 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
303 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
304 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
305 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
306 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
311 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
312 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
316 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
318 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
319 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
320 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
321 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
322 other keys per rule are gone.
324 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
325 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
326 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
327 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
329 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
330 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
331 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
333 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
334 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
340 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
341 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
342 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
343 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
344 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
345 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
349 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
350 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
353 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
354 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
355 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
357 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
360 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
361 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
362 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
368 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
369 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
370 option which is not affected.
372 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
373 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
379 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
380 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
381 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
384 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
385 some deprecated functions are removed.
387 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
388 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
389 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
391 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
392 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
397 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
400 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
402 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
406 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
407 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
409 compile-in verbose debug messages
411 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
413 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
416 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
417 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
418 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
420 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
421 they should be provided by the package.
427 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
428 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
429 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
431 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
432 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
433 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
434 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
437 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
438 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
441 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
442 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
443 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
448 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
454 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
455 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
461 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
464 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
465 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
466 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
467 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
473 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
474 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
475 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
476 udev (and the kernel).
482 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
484 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
485 udevtest are no longer created.
487 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
490 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
491 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
502 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
503 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
509 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
510 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
511 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
512 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
513 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
515 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
516 udevadm in the list of files.
526 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
527 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
528 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
529 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
530 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
531 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
532 in etc/udev/packages/.
538 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
539 actions by dynamically created rules.
541 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
542 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
543 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
545 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
546 program and not record as a failed event.
552 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
558 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
559 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
560 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
561 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
562 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
564 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
565 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
566 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
568 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
569 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
575 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
576 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
577 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
578 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
579 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
581 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
582 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
588 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
598 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
599 from the udev package.
605 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
606 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
607 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
608 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
609 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
610 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
611 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
614 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
615 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
617 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
618 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
619 the devices we are looking for.
621 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
622 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
623 the same SCSI identifiers.
625 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
626 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
627 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
628 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
629 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
630 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
631 that run programs only for the matching events.
641 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
642 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
643 included in the match.
645 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
653 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
654 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
655 storage area of their music players.
659 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
663 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
664 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
665 action that crashes the box.
667 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
668 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
669 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
670 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
671 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
673 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
674 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
679 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
685 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
686 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
688 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
689 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
690 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
693 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
694 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
695 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
696 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
697 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
699 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
700 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
706 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
707 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
708 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
709 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
710 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
712 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
713 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
714 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
715 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
716 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
719 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
720 event device. Instead of:
721 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
723 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
725 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
727 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
729 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
730 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
731 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
732 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
733 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
734 no longer carry this property of a parent and
735 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
736 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
737 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
738 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
739 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
740 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
741 in most cases it will be empty.
743 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
744 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
745 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
746 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
747 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
748 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
749 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
751 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
752 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
753 no database file was created by udev.
755 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
756 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
757 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
761 Bugfixes and small improvements.
765 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
771 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
772 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
776 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
780 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
781 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
789 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
790 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
791 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
792 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
793 fix possibly broken rules.
797 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
798 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
799 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
800 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
804 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
805 also skipped optical IDE drives.
807 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
809 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
810 packaging process and not at build time.
812 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
813 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
814 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
815 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
816 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
820 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
821 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
823 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
824 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
825 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
827 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
828 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
832 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
834 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
838 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
839 events for the same device.
843 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
845 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
850 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
851 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
852 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
853 received the event for.
855 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
860 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
862 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
863 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
864 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
865 the end of the program name to prevent this.
866 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
867 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
868 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
872 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
873 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
874 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
875 included in a package.
877 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
878 the ignore rule was applied.
880 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
881 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
882 should be requested by their subsytem.
884 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
886 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
887 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
889 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
890 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
891 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
892 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
893 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
896 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
897 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
898 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
899 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
900 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
901 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
902 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
903 for changed parent chains.
907 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
908 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
910 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
911 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
913 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
914 to make %b simpler and working again.
918 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
919 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
920 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
921 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
922 change. They will be fixed immediately.
924 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
925 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
926 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
927 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
928 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
930 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
931 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
932 the sysfs "modalias" value.
934 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
938 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
940 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
941 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
943 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
944 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
948 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
949 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
950 mentioned on the hotplug list:
951 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
954 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
958 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
959 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
960 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
964 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
965 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
966 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
967 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
968 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
969 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
971 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
972 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
974 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
975 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
976 still private to udev and can change at any time.
978 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
979 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
980 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
981 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
983 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
984 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
985 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
988 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
989 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
990 before starting the daemon.
994 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
997 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
998 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
1002 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
1003 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
1005 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
1006 without any queuing now.
1010 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
1011 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
1012 version of udev anymore.
1016 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
1017 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
1018 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
1019 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
1020 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
1022 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
1023 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
1024 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
1025 device removal and the udev database will not work.
1027 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
1030 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
1034 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
1036 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
1037 non-writable /tmp directory.
1039 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
1040 let's see who can break this again. :)
1042 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
1043 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
1044 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
1045 versions will _not_ create these devices!
1049 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
1054 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
1055 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
1056 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
1057 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
1058 export it to the filesystem.
1062 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
1063 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
1068 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
1069 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
1070 available while we try to run external programs.
1071 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
1075 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
1076 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
1077 grab it from here. :)
1081 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
1083 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
1084 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
1085 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
1089 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
1091 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
1093 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
1094 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
1099 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
1103 Mostly a Bugfix release.
1105 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
1106 timing with custom rules.
1110 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
1111 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
1113 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
1114 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
1115 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
1117 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
1125 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
1126 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
1127 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
1128 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
1130 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
1131 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
1132 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
1134 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
1135 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
1136 bypass the driver core.
1138 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
1139 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
1140 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
1141 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
1142 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
1143 from a rule if needed:
1144 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
1145 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
1146 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
1147 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
1148 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
1149 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
1151 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
1152 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
1153 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
1154 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
1156 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
1157 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
1158 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
1160 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
1161 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
1162 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
1163 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
1164 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
1166 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
1167 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
1168 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
1169 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
1172 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
1173 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
1174 to export the probed data in environment key format:
1175 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
1176 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
1177 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
1178 ID_REVISION=MH4OA6BA
1180 The following rules:
1181 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
1182 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
1185 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
1188 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
1189 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
1191 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
1192 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
1193 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
1195 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
1196 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
1197 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
1198 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
1200 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
1201 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1202 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1205 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1206 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1207 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1208 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1209 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1210 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1212 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1213 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1214 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1215 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1219 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1220 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1224 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1225 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1226 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1230 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1231 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1233 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1234 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1235 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1236 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1238 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1239 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1240 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1242 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1243 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1245 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1246 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1247 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1248 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1249 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1250 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1251 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1256 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1257 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1258 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1262 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1264 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1265 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1267 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1268 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1270 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1271 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1272 character class negations like:
1273 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1274 this can now be replaced with:
1276 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1277 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1279 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1282 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1283 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob