5 The option "ignore_device" does no longer exist. There is no way to
6 ignore an event, as libudev events can not be suppressed by rules.
7 It only prevented RUN keys from being executed, which results in an
8 inconsistent behavior in current setups.
10 BUS=, SYSFS{}=, ID= are long deprecated and should be SUBSYSTEM(S)=,
11 ATTR(S){}=, KERNEL(S)=. It will cause a warning once for every rule
14 The support for the deprecated IDE devices has been removed from the
15 default set of rules. Distros who still care about non-libata drivers
16 need to add the rules to the compat rules file.
18 The ID_CLASS property on input devices has been replaced by the more accurate
19 set of flags ID_INPUT_{KEYBOARD,KEY,MOUSE,TOUCHPAD,TABLET,JOYSTICK}. These are
20 determined by the new "input_id" prober now. Some devices, such as touchpads,
21 can have several classes. So if you previously had custom udev rules which e. g.
22 checked for ENV{ID_CLASS}=="kbd", you need to replace this with
23 ENV{ID_INPUT_KEYBOARD}=="?*".
29 To support DEVPATH strings larger than the maximum file name length, the
30 private udev database format has changed. If some software still reads the
31 private files in /dev/.udev/, which it shouldn't, now it's time to fix it.
32 Please do not port anything to the new format again, everything in /dev/.udev
33 is and always was private to udev, and may and will change any time without
36 Multiple devices claiming the same names in /dev are limited to symlinks
37 only now. Mixing identical symlink names and node names is not supported.
38 This reduces the amount of data in the database significantly.
40 NAME="%k" causes a warning now. It's is and always was completely superfluous.
41 It will break kernel supplied DEVNAMEs and therefore it needs to be removed
44 Most NAME= instructions got removed. Kernel 2.6.31 supplies the needed names
45 if they are not the default. To support older kernels, the NAME= rules need to
46 be added to the compat rules file.
48 Symlinks to udevadm with the old command names are no longer resolved to
51 The udev-acl tool got adopted to changes in ConsoleKit. Version 0.4.1 is
54 The option "last_rule" does no longer exist. Its use breaks too many
55 things which expect to be run from independent later rules, and is an idication
56 that something needs to be fixed properly instead.
58 The gudev API is no longer marked as experimental,
59 G_UDEV_API_IS_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE is no longer needed. The gudev introspection
60 is enabled by default now. Various projects already depend on introspection
61 information to bind dynamic languages to the gudev interfaces.
67 The udevadm trigger "--retry-failed" option, which is replaced since quite
68 a while by "--type=failed" is removed.
70 The failed tracking was not working at all for a few releases. The RUN
71 option "ignore_error" is replaced by a "fail_event_on_error" option, and the
72 default is not to track any failing RUN executions.
74 New keymaps, new modem, hid2hci updated.
78 Fix possible crash in udevd when worker processes are busy, rules are
79 changed at the same time, and workers get killed to reload the rules.
85 Properties set with ENV{.FOO}="bar" are marked private by starting the
86 name with a '.'. They will not be stored in the database, and not be
87 exported with the event.
89 Firmware files are looked up in:
90 /lib/firmware/updates/$(uname -r)
92 /lib/firmware/$(uname -r)
96 ATA devices switched the property from ID_BUS=scsi to ID_BUS=ata.
97 ata_id, instead of scsi_id, is the default tool now for ATA devices.
103 The configure options have changed because another library needs to be
104 installed in a different location. Instead of exec_prefix and udev_prefix,
105 libdir, rootlibdir and libexecdir are used. The Details are explained in
108 Event processes now get re-used after they handled an event. This reduces
109 the number of forks and the pressure on the CPU significantly, because
110 cloned event processes no longer cause page faults in the main daemon.
111 After the events have settled, a few worker processes stay around for
112 future events, all others get cleaned up.
114 To be able to use signalfd(), udev depends on kernel version 2.6.25 now.
115 Also inotify support is mandatory now to run udev.
117 The format of the queue exported by the udev damon has changed. There is
118 no longer a /dev/.udev/queue/ directory. The current event queue can be
119 accessed with udevadm settle and libudedv.
121 Libudev does not have the unstable API header anymore. From now on,
122 incompatible changes will be handled by bumping the library major version.
124 To build udev from the git tree gtk-doc is needed now. The tarballs will
125 build without it and contain the pre-built documentation. An online copy
127 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/hotplug/libudev/
129 The tools from the udev-extras repository have been merged into the main
130 udev repository. Some of the extras have larger external dependencies, and
131 they can be disabled with the configure switch --disable-extras.
137 The program vol_id and the library libvolume_id are removed from the
138 repository. Libvolume_id is merged with libblkid from the util-linux-ng
139 package. Persistent disk links for label and uuid depend on the
140 util-linux-ng version (2.15) of blkid now. Older versions of blkid
141 can not be used with udev.
143 Libudev allows to subscribe to udev events. To prevent unwanted messages
144 to be delivered, and waking up the subscribing process, a filter can be
145 installed, to drop messages inside a kernel socket filter. The filters
146 match on the <subsytem>:<devtype> properties of the device.
147 This is part of the ongoing effort to replace HAL, and switch current
148 users over to directly use libudev.
149 Libudev is still marked as experimental, and its interface might
150 eventually change if needed, but no major changes of the currently exported
151 interface are expected anymore, and a first stable release should happen
154 A too old kernel (2.6.21) or a kernel with CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
155 is not supported since while and udevd will log an error message at
156 startup. It should still be able to boot-up, but advanced rules and system
157 services which depend on the information not available in the old sysfs
158 format will fail to work correctly.
160 DVB device naming is supplied by the kernel now. In case older kernels
161 need to be supported, the old shell script should be added to a compat
168 The processed udev events get send back to the netlink socket. Libudev
169 provides access to these events. This is work-in-progress, to replace
170 the DeviceKit daemon functionality directly with libudev. There are
171 upcoming kernel changes to allow non-root users to subcribe to these
178 "udevadm settle" now optionally accepts a range of events to wait for,
179 instead of waiting for "all" events.
185 The installed watch for block device metadata changes is now removed
186 during event hadling, because some (broken) tools may be called from udev
187 rules and (wrongly) open the device with write access. After the finished
188 event handling the watch is restored.
194 Device nodes can be watched for changes with inotify with OPTIONS="watch".
195 If closed after being opened for writing, a "change" uevent will occur.
196 /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid}/* symlinks will be automatically updated.
202 The udevadm test command has no longer a --force option, nodes and symlinks
203 are always updated with a test run now.
205 The udevd daemon can be started with --resolve-names=never to avoid all user
206 and group lookups (e.g. in cut-down systems) or --resolve-names=late to
207 lookup user and groups every time events are handled.
213 We are currently merging the Ubuntu rules in the udev default rules,
214 and get one step closer to provide a common Linux /dev setup, regarding
215 device names, symlinks, and default device permissions. On udev startup,
216 we now expect the following groups to be resolvable to their ids with
218 disk, cdrom, floppy, tape, audio, video, lp, tty, dialout, kmem.
219 LDAP setups need to make sure, that these groups are always resolvable at
220 bootup, with only the rootfs mounted, and without network access available.
222 Some systems may need to add some new, currently not used groups, or need
223 to add some users to new groups, but the cost of this change is minimal,
224 compared to the pain the current, rather random, differences between the
225 various distributions cause for upstream projects and third-party vendors.
227 In general, "normal" users who log into a machine should never be a member
228 of any such group, but the device-access should be managed by dynamic ACLs,
229 which get added and removed for the specific users on login/logout and
230 session activity/inactivity. These groups are only provided for custom setups,
231 and mainly system services, to allow proper privilege separation.
232 A video-streaming daemon uid would be a member of "audio" and "video", to get
233 access to the sound and video devices, but no "normal" user should ever belong
234 to the "audio" group, because he could listen to the built-in microphone with
235 any ssh-session established from the other side of the world.
237 /dev/serial/by-{id,path}/ now contains links for ttyUSB devices,
238 which do not depend on the kernel device name. As usual, unique
239 devices - only a single one per product connected, or a real
240 USB serial number in the device - are always found with the same
241 name in the by-id/ directory.
242 Completely identical devices may overwrite their names in by-id/
243 and can only be found reliably in the by-path/ directory. Devices
244 specified by by-path/ must not change their connection, like the
245 USB port number they are plugged in, to keep their name.
247 To support some advanced features, Linux 2.6.22 is the oldest supported
248 version now. The kernel config with enabled SYSFS_DEPRECATED is no longer
249 supported. Older kernels should still work, and devices nodes should be
250 reliably created, but some rules and libudev will not work correctly because
251 the old kernels do not provide the expected information or interfaces.
257 Fix for a possible segfault while swapping network interface names in udev
264 The group "video" is part of the default rules now.
268 Bugfix for kernels using SYSFS_DEPRECATED* option and finding parent
269 block devices in some cases. No common distro uses this option anymore,
270 and we do not get enough testing for this and recent udev versions. If
271 this option is not needed to run some old distro with a new kernel,
272 it should be disabled in the kernel config.
274 Bugfix for the $links substitution variable, which may crash if no links
275 are created. This should not happen in usual setups because we always
276 create /dev/{block,char}/ links.
278 The strings of the parsed rules, which are kept in memory, no longer
279 contain duplicate entries, or duplicate tails of strings. This, and the
280 new rules parsing/matching code reduces the total in-memory size of
281 a huge distro rule sets to 0.08 MB, compared to the 1.2MB of udev
284 The export of DEVTYPE=disk/partition got removed from the default
285 rules. This value is available from the kernel. The pnp shell script
286 modprobe hack is removed from the default rules. ACPI devices have _proper_
287 modalias support and take care of the same functionality.
288 Installations which support old kernels, but install current default
289 udev rules may want to add that to the compat rules file.
291 Libvolume_id now always probes for all known filesystems, and does not
292 stop at the first match. Some filesystems are marked as "exclusive probe",
293 and if any other filesytem type matches at the same time, libvolume_id
294 will, by default, not return any probing result. This is intended to prevent
295 mis-detection with conflicting left-over signatures found from earlier
296 file system formats. That way, we no longer depend on the probe-order
297 in case of multiple competing signatures. In some setups the kernel allows
298 to mount a volume with just the old filesystem signature still in place.
299 This may damage the new filesystem and cause data-loss, just by mounting
300 it. Because volume_id can not decide which one the correct signature is,
301 the wrong signatures need to be removed manually from the volume, or the
302 volume needs to be reformatted, to enable filesystem detection and possible
307 Fix segfault if compiled without optimization and dbg() does not get
308 compiled out and uses variables which are not available.
312 Bugfixes. (And maybe new bugs. :))
314 The rule matching engine got converted from a rule list to a token
315 array which reduced the in-memory rules representation of a full
316 featured distros with thousends of udev rules from 1.2MB to 0.12 MB.
317 Limits like 5 ENV and ATTR matches, and one single instance for most
318 other keys per rule are gone.
320 The NAME assignment is no longer special cased. If later rules assign
321 a NAME value again, the former value will be overwritten. As usual
322 for most other keys, the NAME value can be protected by doing a final
323 assignment with NAME:="<value>".
325 All udev code now uses libudev, which is also exported. The library
326 is still under development, marked as experimental, and its interface
327 may change as long as the DeviceKit integration is not finished.
329 Many thanks to Alan Jenkins for his continuous help, and finding and
330 optimizing some of the computing expensive parts.
336 Kernel devices and device nodes are connected now by reverse indizes in
337 /sys and /dev. A device number retrieved by a stat() or similar, the
338 kernel device directory can be found by looking up:
339 /sys/dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
340 and the device node of the same device by looking up:
341 /dev/{block,char}/<maj>:<min>
345 Fix recently introduced bug, which caused a compilation without large
346 file support, where vol_id does not recognize raid signatures at the end
349 Firewire disks now create both, by-id/scsi-* and by-id/ieee-* links.
350 Seems some kernel versions prevent the creation of the ieee-* links,
351 so people used the scsi-* link which disappeared now.
353 More libudev work. Almost all udevadm functionality comes from libudev
356 udevadm trigger has a new option --type, which allows to trigger events
357 for "devices", for "subsystems", or "failed" devices. The old option
358 --retry-failed" still works, but is no longer mentioned in the man page.
364 The udevadm info --device-id-of-file= output has changed to use
365 the obvious format. Possible current users should use the --export
366 option which is not affected.
368 The old udev commands symlinks to udevadm are not installed, if
369 these symlinks are used, a warning is printed.
375 Optical drive's media is no longer probed for raid signatures,
376 reading the end of the device causes some devices to malfunction.
377 Also the offset of the last session found is used now to probe
380 The volume_id library got a major version number update to 1,
381 some deprecated functions are removed.
383 A shared library "libudev" gets installed now to provide access
384 to udev device information. DeviceKit, the successor of HAL, will
385 need this library to access the udev database and search sysfs for
387 The library is currently in an experimental state, also the API is
388 expected to change, as long as the DeviceKit integration is not
393 We use ./configure now. See INSTALL for details. Current
396 "/usr" - prefix for man pages, include files
398 "" - the root filesystem, prefix for libs and binaries
402 "lib" - directory name for libraries, not a path name
403 multilib 64bit systems may use "lib64" instead of "lib"
405 compile-in verbose debug messages
407 disable all logging and compile-out all log strings
409 link against SELInux libraries, to set the expected context
412 In the default rules, the group "disk" gets permissions 0660 instead
413 of 0640. One small step closer to unify distro rules. Some day, all
414 distros hopefully end up with the same set of rules.
416 No symlinks to udevadm are installed anymore, if they are still needed,
417 they should be provided by the package.
423 Default udev rules, which are not supposed to be edited by the user, should
424 be placed in /lib/udev/rules.d/ now, to make it clear that they are private to
425 the udev package and will be replaced with an update. Udev will pick up rule
427 /lib/udev/rules.d/ - default installed rules
428 /etc/udev/rules.d/ - user rules + on-the-fly generated rules
429 /dev/.udev/rules.d/ - temporary non-persistent rules created after bootup
430 It does not matter in which directory a rule file lives, all files are sorted
433 To help creating /dev/root, we have now:
434 $ udevadm info --export --export-prefix="ROOT_" --device-id-of-file=/
437 In case the current --device-id-of-file is already used, please switch to
438 the --export format version, it saves the output parsing and the old
439 format will be changed to use ':' as a separator, like the format in the
444 Fix cdrom_id to properly recognize blank media.
450 Tape drive id-data is queried from /dev/bsg/* instead of the tape
451 nodes. This avoids rewinding tapes on open().
457 The symlinks udevcontrol and udevtrigger are no longer installed by
460 The scsi_id program does not depend on sysfs anymore. It can speak
461 SGv4 now, so /dev/bsg/* device nodes can be used, to query SCSI device
462 data, which should solve some old problems with tape devices, where
463 we better do not open all tape device nodes to identify the device.
469 The cdrom_id program is replaced by an advanced version, which can
470 detect most common device types, and also properties of the inserted
471 media. This is part of moving some basic functionality from HAL into
472 udev (and the kernel).
478 The last WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rule is removed from the default rules.
480 The symlinks to udevadm for the debugging tools: udevmonitor and
481 udevtest are no longer created.
483 The symlinks to the udevadm man page for the old tool names are
486 Abstract namespace sockets paths in RUN+="socket:@<path>" rules,
487 should be prefixed with '@' to indicate that the path is not a
498 Udevstart is removed from the tree, it did not get installed for
499 a long time now, and is long replaced by trigger and settle.
505 All udev tools are merged into a single binary called udevadm.
506 The old names of the tools are built-in commands in udevadm now.
507 Symlinks to udevadm, with the names of the old tools, provide
508 the same functionality as the standalone tools. There is also
509 only a single udevadm.8 man page left for all tools.
511 Tools like mkinitramfs should be checked, if they need to include
512 udevadm in the list of files.
522 The etc/udev/rules.d/ directory now contains a default set of basic
523 udev rules. This initial version is the result of a rules file merge
524 of Fedora and openSUSE. For these both distros only a few specific
525 rules are left in their own file, named after the distro. Rules which
526 are optionally installed, because they are only valid for a specific
527 architecture, or rules for subsystems which are not always used are
528 in etc/udev/packages/.
534 Dynamic rules can be created in /dev/.udev/rules.d/ to trigger
535 actions by dynamically created rules.
537 SYMLINK=="<value>" matches agains the entries in the list of
538 currently defined symlinks. The links are not created in the
539 filesystem at that point in time, but the values can be matched.
541 RUN{ignore_error}+="<program>" will ignore any exit code from the
542 program and not record as a failed event.
548 Final merge of patches/features from the Ubuntu package.
554 Control characters in filesystem label strings are no longer silenty
555 removed, but hex-encoded, to be able to uniquely identify the device
556 by its symlink in /dev/disk/by-label/.
557 If libvolume_id is used by mount(8), LABEL= will work as expected,
558 if slashes or other characters are used in the label string.
560 To test the existence of a file, TEST=="<file>" and TEST!="<file>"
561 can be specified now. The TEST key accepts an optional mode mask
562 TEST{0100}=="<is executable file>".
564 Scsi_id now supports a mode without expecting scsi-specific sysfs
565 entries to allow the extraction of cciss-device persistent properties.
571 In the future, we may see uuid's which are just simple character
572 strings (see the DDF Raid Specification). For that reason vol_id now
573 exports ID_FS_UUID_SAFE, just like ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE. For things like
574 the creation of symlinks, the *_SAFE values ensure, that no control
575 or whitespace characters are used in the filename.
577 Possible users of libvolume_id, please use the volume_id_get_* functions.
578 The public struct will go away in a future release of the library.
584 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
594 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
595 from the udev package.
601 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
602 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
603 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
604 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
605 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
606 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
607 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
610 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
611 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
613 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
614 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
615 the devices we are looking for.
617 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
618 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
619 the same SCSI identifiers.
621 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
622 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
623 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
624 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
625 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
626 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
627 that run programs only for the matching events.
637 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
638 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
639 included in the match.
641 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
649 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
650 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
651 storage area of their music players.
655 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
659 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
660 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
661 action that crashes the box.
663 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
664 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
665 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
666 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
667 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
669 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
670 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
675 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
681 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
682 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
684 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
685 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
686 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
689 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
690 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
691 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
692 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
693 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
695 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
696 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
702 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
703 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
704 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
705 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
706 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
708 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
709 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
710 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
711 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
712 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
715 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
716 event device. Instead of:
717 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
719 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
721 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
723 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
725 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
726 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
727 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
728 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
729 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
730 no longer carry this property of a parent and
731 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
732 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
733 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
734 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
735 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
736 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
737 in most cases it will be empty.
739 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
740 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
741 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
742 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
743 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
744 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
745 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
747 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
748 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
749 no database file was created by udev.
751 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
752 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
753 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
757 Bugfixes and small improvements.
761 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
767 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
768 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
772 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
776 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
777 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
785 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
786 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
787 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
788 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
789 fix possibly broken rules.
793 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
794 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
795 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
796 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
800 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
801 also skipped optical IDE drives.
803 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
805 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
806 packaging process and not at build time.
808 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
809 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
810 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
811 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
812 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
816 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
817 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
819 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
820 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
821 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
823 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
824 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
828 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
830 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
834 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
835 events for the same device.
839 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
841 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
846 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
847 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
848 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
849 received the event for.
851 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
856 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
858 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
859 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
860 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
861 the end of the program name to prevent this.
862 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
863 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
864 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
868 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
869 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
870 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
871 included in a package.
873 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
874 the ignore rule was applied.
876 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
877 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
878 should be requested by their subsytem.
880 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
882 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
883 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
885 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
886 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
887 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
888 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
889 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
892 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
893 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
894 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
895 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
896 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
897 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
898 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
899 for changed parent chains.
903 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
904 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
906 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
907 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
909 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
910 to make %b simpler and working again.
914 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
915 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
916 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
917 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
918 change. They will be fixed immediately.
920 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
921 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
922 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
923 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
924 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
926 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
927 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
928 the sysfs "modalias" value.
930 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
934 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
936 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
937 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
939 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
940 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
944 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
945 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
946 mentioned on the hotplug list:
947 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
950 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
954 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
955 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
956 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
960 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
961 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
962 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
963 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
964 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
965 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
967 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
968 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
970 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
971 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
972 still private to udev and can change at any time.
974 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
975 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
976 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
977 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
979 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
980 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
981 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
984 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
985 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
986 before starting the daemon.
990 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
993 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
994 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
998 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
999 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
1001 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
1002 without any queuing now.
1006 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
1007 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
1008 version of udev anymore.
1012 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
1013 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
1014 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
1015 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
1016 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
1018 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
1019 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
1020 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
1021 device removal and the udev database will not work.
1023 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
1026 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
1030 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
1032 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
1033 non-writable /tmp directory.
1035 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
1036 let's see who can break this again. :)
1038 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
1039 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
1040 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
1041 versions will _not_ create these devices!
1045 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
1050 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
1051 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
1052 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
1053 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
1054 export it to the filesystem.
1058 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
1059 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
1064 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
1065 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
1066 available while we try to run external programs.
1067 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
1071 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
1072 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
1073 grab it from here. :)
1077 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
1079 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
1080 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
1081 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
1085 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
1087 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
1089 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
1090 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
1095 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
1099 Mostly a Bugfix release.
1101 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
1102 timing with custom rules.
1106 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
1107 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
1109 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
1110 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
1111 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
1113 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
1121 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
1122 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
1123 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
1124 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
1126 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
1127 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
1128 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
1130 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
1131 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
1132 bypass the driver core.
1134 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
1135 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
1136 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
1137 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
1138 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
1139 from a rule if needed:
1140 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
1141 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
1142 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
1143 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
1144 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
1145 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
1147 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
1148 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
1149 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
1150 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
1152 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
1153 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
1154 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
1156 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
1157 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
1158 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
1159 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
1160 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
1162 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
1163 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
1164 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
1165 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
1168 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
1169 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
1170 to export the probed data in environment key format:
1171 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
1172 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
1173 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
1174 ID_REVISION=MH4OA6BA
1176 The following rules:
1177 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
1178 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
1181 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
1184 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
1185 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
1187 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
1188 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
1189 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
1191 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
1192 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
1193 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
1194 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
1196 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
1197 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
1198 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
1201 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
1202 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
1203 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
1204 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
1205 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
1206 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
1208 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
1209 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
1210 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
1211 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
1215 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
1216 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
1220 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
1221 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
1222 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
1226 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
1227 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
1229 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
1230 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
1231 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
1232 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
1234 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
1235 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
1236 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
1238 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
1239 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
1241 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
1242 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
1243 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
1244 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
1245 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
1246 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
1247 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
1252 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
1253 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
1254 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
1258 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
1260 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
1261 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
1263 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
1264 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
1266 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
1267 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
1268 character class negations like:
1269 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
1270 this can now be replaced with:
1272 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
1273 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
1275 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
1278 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
1279 with every forked event.
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob