1 systemd System and Service Manager
5 * Configuration of unit files may now be extended via drop-in
6 files without having to edit/override the unit files
7 themselves. More specifically, if the administrator wants to
8 change one value for a service file foobar.service he can
9 now do so by dropping in a configuration snippet into
10 /etc/systemd/systemd/foobar.service.d/*.conf. The unit logic
11 will load all these snippets and apply them on top of the
12 main unit configuration file, possibly extending or
13 overriding its settings. Using these drop-in snippets is
14 generally nicer than the two earlier options for changing
15 unit files locally: copying the files from
16 /usr/lib/systemd/system/ to /etc/systemd/system/ and editing
17 them there; or creating a new file in /etc/systemd/system/
18 that incorporates the original one via ".include". Drop-in
19 snippets into these .d/ directories can be placed in any
20 directory systemd looks for units in, and the usual
21 overriding semantics between /usr/lib, /etc and /run apply
24 * Most unit file settings which take lists of items can now be
25 reset by assigning an empty strings to them. For example,
26 normally, settings such as Environment=FOO=BAR append a new
27 environment variable assignment to the environment block,
28 each time they are used. By assigning Environment= the empty
29 string the environment block can be reset to empty. This is
30 particularly useful with the .d/*.conf drop-in snippets
31 mentioned above, since this adds the ability to reset list
32 settings from vendor unit files via these drop-ins.
34 * systemctl gained a new "list-dependencies" command for
35 listing the dependencies of a unit recursively.
37 * Inhibitors are now honored and listed by "systemctl
38 suspend", "systemctl poweroff" (and similar) too, not only
39 GNOME. These commands will also list active sessions by
42 * Resource limits (as exposed by the various control group
43 controllers) can now be controlled dynamically at runtime
44 for all units. More specifically, you can now use a command
45 like "systemctl set-cgroup-attr foobar.service cpu.shares
46 2000" to alter the CPU shares a specific service gets. These
47 settings are stores persistently on disk, and thus allow the
48 administrator to easily adjust the resource usage of
49 services with a few simple commands. This dynamic resource
50 management logic is also available to other services via the
51 bus. Almost any kernel cgroup attribute and controller is
54 * systemd-vconsole-setup will now copy all font settings to
55 all open VTs, where it previously applied them only to the
58 * libsystemd-login gained the new sd_session_get_tty() API
61 * This release drops support with a few
62 legacy/distribution-specific LSB facility names when parsing
63 init scripts: $x-display-manager, $mail-transfer-agent,
64 $mail-transport-agent, $mail-transfer-agent, $smtp,
65 $null. Also, the mail-transfer-agent.target unit backing
66 this has been removed. Distributions which want to retain
67 compatibility with this should carry the burden for support
68 this themselves and patch support for these back in if they
69 really need to. Also, the facilities $syslog and $local_fs
70 are now ignored, since systemd does not support early-boot
71 LSB init scripts anymore, and these facilities are implied
72 anyway for normal services. syslog.target has also been
75 * There are new bus calls on PID1's Manager object for
76 canceling jobs, and removing snapshot units. Previously,
77 both calls were only available on the Job and Snapshot
80 * systemd-journal-gatewayd gained SSL support.
82 * The various "environment" files, such as /etc/locale.conf
83 now support continuation lines with a backslash ("\") as
84 last character in the line, similar in style (but different)
85 to how this is supported in shells.
87 * For normal user processes the _SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT= field is
88 now implicitly appended to every log entry logged. systemctl
89 has been updated to filter by this field when operating on a
90 user systemd instance.
92 * nspawn will now implicitly add the CAP_AUDIT_WRITE and
93 CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL capabilities to the capabilities set for
94 the container. This makes it easier to boot unmodified
95 Fedora systems in a container, which however still requires
96 audit=0 to be passed on the kernel command line. Auditing in
97 kernel and userspace is unfortunately still too broken in
98 context of containers, hence we recommend compiling it out
99 of the kernel or using audit=0. Hopefully this will be fixed
100 one day for good in the kernel.
102 * nspawn gained the new --bind= and --bind-ro= parameters to
103 bind mount specific directories from the host into the
106 * nspawn will now mount its own devpts file system instance
107 into the container, in order not to leake pty devices from
108 the host into the container.
110 * systemd will now read the firmware boot time performance
111 from the EFI variables, if the used boot loader supports
112 this, and take it into account for boot performance analysis
113 via "systemd-analyze". This is currently supported only in
114 conjunction with Gummiboot, but could be supported by other
115 boot loaders too. For details see:
117 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/BootLoaderInterface
119 * A new generator has been added that automatically mounts the
120 EFI System Partition (ESP) to /boot, if that directory
121 exists, is empty, and no other partition has been configured
124 * logind will now send out PrepareForSleep(false) out
125 unconditionally, after coming back from suspend. This may be
126 used by applications as asynchronous notification for
127 system resume events.
129 * "systemctl unlock-sessions" has been added, that allows
130 unlocking the screens of all user sessions at once, similar
131 how "systemctl lock-sessions" already locked all users
132 sessions. This is backed by a new D-Bus call UnlockSessions().
134 * "loginctl seat-status" will now show the master device of a
135 seat. (i.e. the device of a seat that needs to be around for
136 the seat to be considered available, usually the graphics
139 * tmpfiles gained a new "X" line type, that allows
140 configuration of files and directories (with wildcards) that
141 shall be excluded from automatic cleanup ("aging").
143 * udev default rules set the device node permissions now only
144 at "add" events, and do not change them any longer with a
145 later "change" event.
147 * The log messages for lid events and power/sleep keypresses
148 now carry a message ID.
150 * We now have a substantially larger unit test suite, but this
151 continues to be work in progress.
153 * udevadm hwdb gained a new --root= parameter to change the
154 root directory to operate relative to.
156 * logind will now issue a background sync() request to the kernel
157 early at shutdown, so that dirty buffers are flushed to disk early
158 instead of at the last moment, in order to optimize shutdown
161 * A new bootctl tool has been added that is an interface for
162 certain boot loader operations. This is currently a preview
163 and is likely to be extended into a small mechanism daemon
164 like timedated, localed, hostnamed, and can be used by
165 graphical UIs to enumerate available boot options, and
166 request boot into firmware operations.
168 * systemd-bootchart has been relicensed to LGPLv2.1+ to match
169 the rest of the package. It also has been updated to work
170 correctly in initrds.
172 * Policykit previously has been runtime optional, and is now
173 also compile time optional via a configure switch.
175 * systemd-analyze has been reimplemented in C. Also "systemctl
176 dot" has moved into systemd-analyze.
178 * "systemctl status" with no further parameters will now print
179 the status of all active or failed units.
181 * Operations such as "systemctl start" can now be executed
182 with a new mode "--irreversible" which may be used to queue
183 operations that cannot accidentally be reversed by a later
184 job queuing. This is by default use to make shutdown
185 requests more robust.
187 * The Python API of systemd now gained a new module for
188 reading journal files.
190 * A new tool kernel-install has been added that can install
191 kernel images according to the Boot Loader Specification:
193 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/BootLoaderSpec
195 * Boot time console output has been improved to provide
196 animated boot time output.
198 * A new tool systemd-activate has been added which can be used
199 to test socket activation with, directly from the command
200 line. This should make it much easier to test and debug
201 socket activation in daemons.
203 * journalctl gained a new "--reverse" (or -r) option to show
204 journal output in reverse order (i.e. newest line first).
206 * journalctl gained a new "--user-unit=" option, that works
207 similar to "--unit=" but filters for user units rather than
210 * A number of unit files to ease adoption of systemd in
211 initrds has been added. This moves some minimal logic from
212 the various initrd implementations into systemd proper.
214 * The journal files are now owned by a new group
215 "systemd-journal", which exists specifically to allow access
216 to the journal, and nothing else. Previously, we used the
217 "adm" group for that, which however possible covers more
218 than just journal/log file access. This new group is now
219 already used by systemd-journal-gatewayd to ensure this
220 daemon gets access to the journal files and as little else
221 as possible. Note that "make install" will also set FS ACLs
222 up for /var/log/journal to give "adm" and "wheel" read
223 access to it, in addition to "systemd-journal" which owns
224 the journal files. We recommend that packaging scripts also
225 add read access to "adm", "wheel" to /var/log/journal, and
226 all existing/future journal files. To normal users and
227 administrators little changes, however packagers need to
228 ensure to create the "systemd-journal" system group at
229 package installation time.
231 * The systemd-journal-gatewayd now runs as unprivileged user
232 systemd-journal-gateway:systemd-journal-gateway. Packaging
233 scripts need to create these system user/group at
236 * timedated now exposes a new boolean property CanNTP that
237 indicates whether a local NTP service is available or not.
239 * systemd-detect-virt will now also detect xen PVs
241 * The pstore file system is now mounted by default, if it is
244 * In addition to the SELinux and IMA policies we will now also
245 load SMACK policies at early boot.
247 Contributions from: Adel Gadllah, Aleksander Morgado, Auke
248 Kok, Ayan George, Bastien Nocera, Colin Walters, Daniel Buch,
249 Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David Herrmann, David Strauss,
250 Eelco Dolstra, Enrico Scholz, Frederic Crozat, Harald Hoyer,
251 Jan Janssen, Jonathan Callen, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering,
252 Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin
253 Pitt, Mauro Dreissig, Max F. Albrecht, Michael Biebl, Michael
254 Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Michal Vyskocil,
255 Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Mirco Tischler, Nathaniel Chen, Nestor
256 Ovroy, Oleksii Shevchuk, Paul W. Frields, Piotr Drąg, Rob
257 Clark, Ryan Lortie, Simon McVittie, Simon Peeters, Steven
258 Hiscocks, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom
259 Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, William Giokas, Zbigniew
260 Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Zeeshan Ali (Khattak)
264 * Timer units now support calendar time events in addition to
265 monotonic time events. That means you can now trigger a unit
266 based on a calendar time specification such as "Thu,Fri
267 2013-*-1,5 11:12:13" which refers to 11:12:13 of the first
268 or fifth day of any month of the year 2013, given that it is
269 a thursday or friday. This brings timer event support
270 considerably closer to cron's capabilities. For details on
271 the supported calendar time specification language see
274 * udev now supports a number of different naming policies for
275 network interfaces for predictable names, and a combination
276 of these policies is now the default. Please see this wiki
277 document for details:
279 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames
281 * Auke Kok's bootchart implementation has been added to the
282 systemd tree. It's an optional component that can graph the
283 boot in quite some detail. It's one of the best bootchart
284 implementations around and minimal in its code and
287 * nss-myhostname has been integrated into the systemd source
288 tree. nss-myhostname guarantees that the local hostname
289 always stays resolvable via NSS. It has been a weak
290 requirement of systemd-hostnamed since a long time, and
291 since its code is actually trivial we decided to just
292 include it in systemd's source tree. It can be turned off
293 with a configure switch.
295 * The read-ahead logic is now capable of properly detecting
296 whether a btrfs file system is on SSD or rotating media, in
297 order to optimize the read-ahead scheme. Previously, it was
298 only capable of detecting this on traditional file systems
301 * In udev, additional device properties are now read from the
302 IAB in addition to the OUI database. Also, Bluetooth company
303 identities are attached to the devices as well.
305 * In service files %U may be used as specifier that is
306 replaced by the configured user name of the service.
308 * nspawn may now be invoked without a controlling TTY. This
309 makes it suitable for invocation as its own service. This
310 may be used to set up a simple containerized server system
311 using only core OS tools.
313 * systemd and nspawn can now accept socket file descriptors
314 when they are started for socket activation. This enables
315 implementation of socket activated nspawn
316 containers. i.e. think about autospawning an entire OS image
317 when the first SSH or HTTP connection is received. We expect
318 that similar functionality will also be added to libvirt-lxc
321 * journalctl will now suppress ANSI color codes when
324 * systemctl will no longer show control group information for
325 a unit if a the control group is empty anyway.
327 * logind can now automatically suspend/hibernate/shutdown the
330 * /etc/machine-info and hostnamed now also expose the chassis
331 type of the system. This can be used to determine whether
332 the local system is a laptop, desktop, handset or
333 tablet. This information may either be configured by the
334 user/vendor or is automatically determined from ACPI and DMI
335 information if possible.
337 * A number of PolicyKit actions are now bound together with
338 "imply" rules. This should simplify creating UIs because
339 many actions will now authenticate similar ones as well.
341 * Unit files learnt a new condition ConditionACPower= which
342 may be used to conditionalize a unit depending on whether an
343 AC power source is connected or not, of whether the system
344 is running on battery power.
346 * systemctl gained a new "is-failed" verb that may be used in
347 shell scripts and suchlike to check whether a specific unit
348 is in the "failed" state.
350 * The EnvironmentFile= setting in unit files now supports file
351 globbing, and can hence be used to easily read a number of
352 environment files at once.
354 * systemd will no longer detect and recognize specific
355 distributions. All distribution-specific #ifdeffery has been
356 removed, systemd is now fully generic and
357 distribution-agnostic. Effectively, not too much is lost as
358 a lot of the code is still accessible via explicit configure
359 switches. However, support for some distribution specific
360 legacy configuration file formats has been dropped. We
361 recommend distributions to simply adopt the configuration
362 files everybody else uses now and convert the old
363 configuration from packaging scripts. Most distributions
364 already did that. If that's not possible or desirable,
365 distributions are welcome to forward port the specific
366 pieces of code locally from the git history.
368 * When logging a message about a unit systemd will now always
369 log the unit name in the message meta data.
371 * localectl will now also discover system locale data that is
372 not stored in locale archives, but directly unpacked.
374 * logind will no longer unconditionally use framebuffer
375 devices as seat masters, i.e. as devices that are required
376 to be existing before a seat is considered preset. Instead,
377 it will now look for all devices that are tagged as
378 "seat-master" in udev. By default framebuffer devices will
379 be marked as such, but depending on local systems other
380 devices might be marked as well. This may be used to
381 integrate graphics cards using closed source drivers (such
382 as NVidia ones) more nicely into logind. Note however, that
383 we recommend using the open source NVidia drivers instead,
384 and no udev rules for the closed-source drivers will be
385 shipped from us upstream.
387 Contributions from: Adam Williamson, Alessandro Crismani, Auke
388 Kok, Colin Walters, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner, David
389 Herrmann, David Strauss, Dimitrios Apostolou, Eelco Dolstra,
390 Eric Benoit, Giovanni Campagna, Hannes Reinecke, Henrik
391 Grindal Bakken, Hermann Gausterer, Kay Sievers, Lennart
392 Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas, Marcel Holtmann,
393 Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Michael Biebl, Michael Terry,
394 Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Michał Bartoszkiewicz, Oleg
395 Samarin, Pekka Lundstrom, Philip Nilsson, Ramkumar
396 Ramachandra, Richard Yao, Robert Millan, Sami Kerola, Shawn
397 Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Thomas Jarosch,
398 Tollef Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Umut Tezduyar, Zbigniew
403 * udev gained support for loading additional device properties
404 from an indexed database that is keyed by vendor/product IDs
405 and similar device identifiers. For the beginning this
406 "hwdb" is populated with data from the well-known PCI and
407 USB database, but also includes PNP, ACPI and OID data. In
408 the longer run this indexed database shall grow into
409 becoming the one central database for non-essential
410 userspace device metadata. Previously, data from the PCI/USB
411 database was only attached to select devices, since the
412 lookup was a relatively expensive operation due to O(n) time
413 complexity (with n being the number of entries in the
414 database). Since this is now O(1), we decided to add in this
415 data for all devices where this is available, by
416 default. Note that the indexed database needs to be rebuilt
417 when new data files are installed. To achieve this you need
418 to update your packaging scripts to invoke "udevadm hwdb
419 --update" after installation of hwdb data files. For
420 RPM-based distributions we introduced the new
421 %udev_hwdb_update macro for this purpose.
423 * The Journal gained support for the "Message Catalog", an
424 indexed database to link up additional information with
425 journal entries. For further details please check:
427 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/catalog
429 The indexed message catalog database also needs to be
430 rebuilt after installation of message catalog files. Use
431 "journalctl --update-catalog" for this. For RPM-based
432 distributions we introduced the %journal_catalog_update
433 macro for this purpose.
435 * The Python Journal bindings gained support for the standard
436 Python logging framework.
438 * The Journal API gained new functions for checking whether
439 the underlying file system of a journal file is capable of
440 properly reporting file change notifications, or whether
441 applications that want to reflect journal changes "live"
442 need to recheck journal files continously in appropriate
445 * It is now possible to set the "age" field for tmpfiles
446 entries to 0, indicating that files matching this entry
447 shall always be removed when the directories are cleaned up.
449 * coredumpctl gained a new "gdb" verb which invokes gdb
450 right-away on the selected coredump.
452 * There's now support for "hybrid sleep" on kernels that
453 support this, in addition to "suspend" and "hibernate". Use
454 "systemctl hybrid-sleep" to make use of this.
456 * logind's HandleSuspendKey= setting (and related settings)
457 now gained support for a new "lock" setting to simply
458 request the screen lock on all local sessions, instead of
459 actually executing a suspend or hibernation.
461 * systemd will now mount the EFI variables file system by
464 * Socket units now gained support for configuration of the
465 SMACK security label.
467 * timedatectl will now output the time of the last and next
468 daylight saving change.
470 * We dropped support for various legacy and distro-specific
471 concepts, such as insserv, early-boot SysV services
472 (i.e. those for non-standard runlevels such as 'b' or 'S')
473 or ArchLinux /etc/rc.conf support. We recommend the
474 distributions who still need support this to either continue
475 to maintain the necessary patches downstream, or find a
476 different solution. (Talk to us if you have questions!)
478 * Various systemd components will now bypass PolicyKit checks
479 for root and otherwise handle properly if PolicyKit is not
480 found to be around. This should fix most issues for
481 PolicyKit-less systems. Quite frankly this should have been
482 this way since day one. It is absolutely our intention to
483 make systemd work fine on PolicyKit-less systems, and we
484 consider it a bug if something doesn't work as it should if
485 PolicyKit is not around.
487 * For embedded systems it is now possible to build udev and
488 systemd without blkid and/or kmod support.
490 * "systemctl switch-root" is now capable of switching root
491 more than once. I.e. in addition to transitions from the
492 initrd to the host OS it is now possible to transition to
493 further OS images from the host. This is useful to implement
494 offline updating tools.
496 * Various other additions have been made to the RPM macros
497 shipped with systemd. Use %udev_rules_update() after
498 installing new udev rules files. %_udevhwdbdir,
499 %_udevrulesdir, %_journalcatalogdir, %_tmpfilesdir,
500 %_sysctldir are now available which resolve to the right
501 directories for packages to place various data files in.
503 * journalctl gained the new --full switch (in addition to
504 --all, to disable ellipsation for long messages.
506 Contributions from: Anders Olofsson, Auke Kok, Ben Boeckel,
507 Colin Walters, Cosimo Cecchi, Daniel Wallace, Dave Reisner,
508 Eelco Dolstra, Holger Hans Peter Freyther, Kay Sievers,
509 Chun-Yi Lee, Lekensteyn, Lennart Poettering, Mantas Mikulėnas,
510 Marti Raudsepp, Martin Pitt, Mauro Dreissig, Michael Biebl,
511 Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Miklos Vajna, Nis Martensen,
512 Oleksii Shevchuk, Olivier Brunel, Ramkumar Ramachandra, Thomas
513 Bächler, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen, Tony
514 Camuso, Umut Tezduyar, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
518 * journalctl gained new --since= and --until= switches to
519 filter by time. It also now supports nice filtering for
520 units via --unit=/-u.
522 * Type=oneshot services may use ExecReload= and do the
525 * The journal daemon now supports time-based rotation and
526 vacuuming, in addition to the usual disk-space based
529 * The journal will now index the available field values for
530 each field name. This enables clients to show pretty drop
531 downs of available match values when filtering. The bash
532 completion of journalctl has been updated
533 accordingly. journalctl gained a new switch -F to list all
534 values a certain field takes in the journal database.
536 * More service events are now written as structured messages
537 to the journal, and made recognizable via message IDs.
539 * The timedated, localed and hostnamed mini-services which
540 previously only provided support for changing time, locale
541 and hostname settings from graphical DEs such as GNOME now
542 also have a minimal (but very useful) text-based client
543 utility each. This is probably the nicest way to changing
544 these settings from the command line now, especially since
545 it lists available options and is fully integrated with bash
548 * There's now a new tool "systemd-coredumpctl" to list and
549 extract coredumps from the journal.
551 * We now install a README each in /var/log/ and
552 /etc/rc.d/init.d explaining where the system logs and init
553 scripts went. This hopefully should help folks who go to
554 that dirs and look into the otherwise now empty void and
557 * When user-services are invoked (by systemd --user) the
558 $MANAGERPID env var is set to the PID of systemd.
560 * SIGRTMIN+24 when sent to a --user instance will now result
561 in immediate termination of systemd.
563 * gatewayd received numerous feature additions such as a
564 "follow" mode, for live syncing and filtering.
566 * browse.html now allows filtering and showing detailed
567 information on specific entries. Keyboard navigation and
568 mouse screen support has been added.
570 * gatewayd/journalctl now supports HTML5/JSON
571 Server-Sent-Events as output.
573 * The SysV init script compatibility logic will now
574 heuristically determine whether a script supports the
575 "reload" verb, and only then make this available as
578 * "systemctl status --follow" has been removed, use "journalctl
581 * journald.conf's RuntimeMinSize=, PersistentMinSize= settings
582 have been removed since they are hardly useful to be
585 * And I'd like to take the opportunity to specifically mention
586 Zbigniew for his great contributions. Zbigniew, you rock!
588 Contributions from: Andrew Eikum, Christian Hesse, Colin
589 Guthrie, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner, Eelco Dolstra, Ferenc
590 Wágner, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas
591 Mikulėnas, Martin Mikkelsen, Martin Pitt, Michael Olbrich,
592 Michael Stapelberg, Michal Schmidt, Sebastian Ott, Thomas
593 Bächler, Umut Tezduyar, Will Woods, Wulf C. Krueger, Zbigniew
594 Jędrzejewski-Szmek, Сковорода Никита Андреевич
598 * If /etc/vconsole.conf is non-existent or empty we will no
599 longer load any console font or key map at boot by
600 default. Instead the kernel defaults will be left
601 intact. This is definitely the right thing to do, as no
602 configuration should mean no configuration, and hard-coding
603 font names that are different on all archs is probably a bad
604 idea. Also, the kernel default key map and font should be
605 good enough for most cases anyway, and mostly identical to
606 the userspace fonts/key maps we previously overloaded them
607 with. If distributions want to continue to default to a
608 non-kernel font or key map they should ship a default
609 /etc/vconsole.conf with the appropriate contents.
611 Contributions from: Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave
612 Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Tollef
613 Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
617 * journalctl gained a new --cursor= switch to show entries
618 starting from the specified location in the journal.
620 * We now enforce a size limit on journal entry fields exported
621 with "-o json" in journalctl. Fields larger than 4K will be
622 assigned null. This can be turned off with --all.
624 * An (optional) journal gateway daemon is now available as
625 "systemd-journal-gatewayd.service". This service provides
626 access to the journal via HTTP and JSON. This functionality
627 will be used to implement live log synchronization in both
628 pull and push modes, but has various other users too, such
629 as easy log access for debugging of embedded devices. Right
630 now it is already useful to retrieve the journal via HTTP:
632 # systemctl start systemd-journal-gatewayd.service
633 # wget http://localhost:19531/entries
635 This will download the journal contents in a
636 /var/log/messages compatible format. The same as JSON:
638 # curl -H"Accept: application/json" http://localhost:19531/entries
640 This service is also accessible via a web browser where a
641 single static HTML5 app is served that uses the JSON logic
642 to enable the user to do some basic browsing of the
643 journal. This will be extended later on. Here's an example
644 screenshot of this app in its current state:
646 http://0pointer.de/public/journal-gatewayd
648 Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Robert
649 Milasan, Tom Gundersen
653 * The bash completion logic is now available for journalctl
656 * We don't mount the "cpuset" controller anymore together with
657 "cpu" and "cpuacct", as "cpuset" groups generally cannot be
658 started if no parameters are assigned to it. "cpuset" hence
659 broke code that assumed it it could create "cpu" groups and
662 * journalctl -f will now subscribe to terminal size changes,
663 and line break accordingly.
665 Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lennart
666 Poettering, Lukas Nykrynm, Mirco Tischler, Václav Pavlín
670 * nspawn will now create a symlink /etc/localtime in the
671 container environment, copying the host's timezone
672 setting. Previously this has been done via a bind mount, but
673 since symlinks cannot be bind mounted this has now been
674 changed to create/update the appropriate symlink.
676 * journalctl -n's line number argument is now optional, and
677 will default to 10 if omitted.
679 * journald will now log the maximum size the journal files may
680 take up on disk. This is particularly useful if the default
681 built-in logic of determining this parameter from the file
682 system size is used. Use "systemctl status
683 systemd-journald.service" to see this information.
685 * The multi-seat X wrapper tool has been stripped down. As X
686 is now capable of enumerating graphics devices via udev in a
687 seat-aware way the wrapper is not strictly necessary
688 anymore. A stripped down temporary stop-gap is still shipped
689 until the upstream display managers have been updated to
690 fully support the new X logic. Expect this wrapper to be
691 removed entirely in one of the next releases.
693 * HandleSleepKey= in logind.conf has been split up into
694 HandleSuspendKey= and HandleHibernateKey=. The old setting
695 is not available anymore. X11 and the kernel are
696 distuingishing between these keys and we should too. This
697 also means the inhibition lock for these keys has been split
700 Contributions from: Dave Airlie, Eelco Dolstra, Lennart
701 Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Václav Pavlín
705 * Whenever a unit changes state we'll now log this to the
706 journal and show along the unit's own log output in
709 * ConditionPathIsMountPoint= can now properly detect bind
710 mount points too. (Previously, a bind mount of one file
711 system to another place in the same file system could not be
712 detected as mount, since they shared struct stat's st_dev
715 * We will now mount the cgroup controllers cpu, cpuacct,
716 cpuset and the controllers net_cls, net_prio together by
719 * nspawn containers will now have a virtualized boot
720 ID. (i.e. /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id is now mounted
721 over with a randomized ID at container initialization). This
722 has the effect of making "journalctl -b" do the right thing
725 * The JSON output journal serialization has been updated not
726 to generate "endless" list objects anymore, but rather one
727 JSON object per line. This is more in line how most JSON
728 parsers expect JSON objects. The new output mode
729 "json-pretty" has been added to provide similar output, but
730 neatly aligned for readability by humans.
732 * We dropped all explicit sync() invocations in the shutdown
733 code. The kernel does this implicitly anyway in the kernel
734 reboot() syscall. halt(8)'s -n option is now a compatibility
737 * We now support virtualized reboot() in containers, as
738 supported by newer kernels. We will fall back to exit() if
739 CAP_SYS_REBOOT is not available to the container. Also,
740 nspawn makes use of this now and will actually reboot the
741 container if the containerized OS asks for that.
743 * journalctl will only show local log output by default
744 now. Use --merge (-m) to show remote log output, too.
746 * libsystemd-journal gained the new sd_journal_get_usage()
747 call to determine the current disk usage of all journal
748 files. This is exposed in the new "journalctl --disk-usage"
751 * journald gained a new configuration setting SplitMode= in
752 journald.conf which may be used to control how user journals
753 are split off. See journald.conf(5) for details.
755 * A new condition type ConditionFileNotEmpty= has been added.
757 * tmpfiles' "w" lines now support file globbing, to write
758 multiple files at once.
760 * We added Python bindings for the journal submission
761 APIs. More Python APIs for a number of selected APIs will
762 likely follow. Note that we intend to add native bindings
763 only for the Python language, as we consider it common
764 enough to deserve bindings shipped within systemd. There are
765 various projects outside of systemd that provide bindings
766 for languages such as PHP or Lua.
768 * Many conditions will now resolve specifiers such as %i. In
769 addition, PathChanged= and related directives of .path units
770 now support specifiers as well.
772 * There's now a new RPM macro definition for the system preset
775 * journald will now warn if it can't foward a message to the
776 syslog daemon because it's socket is full.
778 * timedated will no longer write or process /etc/timezone,
779 except on Debian. As we do not support late mounted /usr
780 anymore /etc/localtime always being a symlink is now safe,
781 and hence the information in /etc/timezone is not necessary
784 * logind will now always reserve one VT for a text getty (VT6
785 by default). Previously if more than 6 X sessions where
786 started they took up all the VTs with auto-spawned gettys,
787 so that no text gettys were available anymore.
789 * udev will now automatically inform the btrfs kernel logic
790 about btrfs RAID components showing up. This should make
791 simple hotplug based btrfs RAID assembly work.
793 * PID 1 will now increase its RLIMIT_NOFILE to 64K by default
794 (but not for its children which will stay at the kernel
795 default). This should allow setups with a lot more listening
798 * systemd will now always pass the configured timezone to the
799 kernel at boot. timedated will do the same when the timezone
802 * logind's inhibition logic has been updated. By default,
803 logind will now handle the lid switch, the power and sleep
804 keys all the time, even in graphical sessions. If DEs want
805 to handle these events on their own they should take the new
806 handle-power-key, handle-sleep-key and handle-lid-switch
807 inhibitors during their runtime. A simple way to achiveve
808 that is to invoke the DE wrapped in an invocation of:
810 systemd-inhibit --what=handle-power-key:handle-sleep-key:handle-lid-switch ...
812 * Access to unit operations is now checked via SELinux taking
813 the unit file label and client process label into account.
815 * systemd will now notify the administrator in the journal
816 when he over-mounts a non-empty directory.
818 * There are new specifiers that are resolved in unit files,
819 for the host name (%H), the machine ID (%m) and the boot ID
822 Contributions from: Allin Cottrell, Auke Kok, Brandon Philips,
823 Colin Guthrie, Colin Walters, Daniel J Walsh, Dave Reisner,
824 Eelco Dolstra, Jan Engelhardt, Kay Sievers, Lennart
825 Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Lukas Nykryn, Mantas Mikulėnas,
826 Martin Pitt, Matthias Clasen, Michael Olbrich, Pierre Schmitz,
827 Shawn Landden, Thomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen, Tom Gundersen,
828 Václav Pavlín, Yin Kangkai, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
832 * Support for reading structured kernel messages from
833 /dev/kmsg has now been added and is enabled by default.
835 * Support for reading kernel messages from /proc/kmsg has now
836 been removed. If you want kernel messages in the journal
837 make sure to run a recent kernel (>= 3.5) that supports
838 reading structured messages from /dev/kmsg (see
839 above). /proc/kmsg is now exclusive property of classic
840 syslog daemons again.
842 * The libudev API gained the new
843 udev_device_new_from_device_id() call.
845 * The logic for file system namespace (ReadOnlyDirectory=,
846 ReadWriteDirectoy=, PrivateTmp=) has been reworked not to
847 require pivot_root() anymore. This means fewer temporary
848 directories are created below /tmp for this feature.
850 * nspawn containers will now see and receive all submounts
851 made on the host OS below the root file system of the
854 * Forward Secure Sealing is now supported for Journal files,
855 which provide cryptographical sealing of journal files so
856 that attackers cannot alter log history anymore without this
857 being detectable. Lennart will soon post a blog story about
858 this explaining it in more detail.
860 * There are two new service settings RestartPreventExitStatus=
861 and SuccessExitStatus= which allow configuration of exit
862 status (exit code or signal) which will be excepted from the
863 restart logic, resp. consider successful.
865 * journalctl gained the new --verify switch that can be used
866 to check the integrity of the structure of journal files and
867 (if Forward Secure Sealing is enabled) the contents of
870 * nspawn containers will now be run with /dev/stdin, /dev/fd/
871 and similar symlinks pre-created. This makes running shells
872 as container init process a lot more fun.
874 * The fstab support can now handle PARTUUID= and PARTLABEL=
877 * A new ConditionHost= condition has been added to match
878 against the hostname (with globs) and machine ID. This is
879 useful for clusters where a single OS image is used to
880 provision a large number of hosts which shall run slightly
881 different sets of services.
883 * Services which hit the restart limit will now be placed in a
886 Contributions from: Bertram Poettering, Dave Reisner, Huang
887 Hang, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Lukas Nykryn, Martin
888 Pitt, Simon Peeters, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
892 * When running in --user mode systemd will now become a
893 subreaper (PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER). This should make the ps
894 tree a lot more organized.
896 * A new PartOf= unit dependency type has been introduced that
897 may be used to group services in a natural way.
899 * "systemctl enable" may now be used to enable instances of
902 * journalctl now prints error log levels in red, and
903 warning/notice log levels in bright white. It also supports
904 filtering by log level now.
906 * cgtop gained a new -n switch (similar to top), to configure
907 the maximum number of iterations to run for. It also gained
908 -b, to run in batch mode (accepting no input).
910 * The suffix ".service" may now be ommited on most systemctl
911 command lines involving service unit names.
913 * There's a new bus call in logind to lock all sessions, as
914 well as a loginctl verb for it "lock-sessions".
916 * libsystemd-logind.so gained a new call sd_journal_perror()
917 that works similar to libc perror() but logs to the journal
918 and encodes structured information about the error number.
920 * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-size=
923 * shutdown(8) now can send a (configurable) wall message when
924 a shutdown is cancelled.
926 * The mount propagation mode for the root file system will now
927 default to "shared", which is useful to make containers work
928 nicely out-of-the-box so that they receive new mounts from
929 the host. This can be undone locally by running "mount
930 --make-rprivate /" if needed.
932 * The prefdm.service file has been removed. Distributions
933 should maintain this unit downstream if they intend to keep
934 it around. However, we recommend writing normal unit files
935 for display managers instead.
937 * Since systemd is a crucial part of the OS we will now
938 default to a number of compiler switches that improve
939 security (hardening) such as read-only relocations, stack
940 protection, and suchlike.
942 * The TimeoutSec= setting for services is now split into
943 TimeoutStartSec= and TimeoutStopSec= to allow configuration
944 of individual time outs for the start and the stop phase of
947 Contributions from: Artur Zaprzala, Arvydas Sidorenko, Auke
948 Kok, Bryan Kadzban, Dave Reisner, David Strauss, Harald Hoyer,
949 Jim Meyering, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Mantas
950 Mikulėnas, Martin Pitt, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Peter
951 Alfredsen, Shawn Landden, Simon Peeters, Terence Honles, Tom
952 Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
956 * The journal and id128 C APIs are now fully documented as man
959 * Extra safety checks have been added when transitioning from
960 the initial RAM disk to the main system to avoid accidental
963 * /etc/crypttab entries now understand the new keyfile-offset=
966 * systemctl -t can now be used to filter by unit load state.
968 * The journal C API gained the new sd_journal_wait() call to
969 make writing synchronous journal clients easier.
971 * journalctl gained the new -D switch to show journals from a
974 * journalctl now displays a special marker between log
975 messages of two different boots.
977 * The journal is now explicitly flushed to /var via a service
978 systemd-journal-flush.service, rather than implicitly simply
979 by seeing /var/log/journal to be writable.
981 * journalctl (and the journal C APIs) can now match for much
982 more complex expressions, with alternatives and
985 * When transitioning from the initial RAM disk to the main
986 system we will now kill all processes in a killing spree to
987 ensure no processes stay around by accident.
989 * Three new specifiers may be used in unit files: %u, %h, %s
990 resolve to the user name, user home directory resp. user
991 shell. This is useful for running systemd user instances.
993 * We now automatically rotate journal files if their data
994 object hash table gets a fill level > 75%. We also size the
995 hash table based on the configured maximum file size. This
996 together should lower hash collisions drastically and thus
997 speed things up a bit.
999 * journalctl gained the new "--header" switch to introspect
1000 header data of journal files.
1002 * A new setting SystemCallFilters= has been added to services
1003 which may be used to apply blacklists or whitelists to
1004 system calls. This is based on SECCOMP Mode 2 of Linux 3.5.
1006 * nspawn gained a new --link-journal= switch (and quicker: -j)
1007 to link the container journal with the host. This makes it
1008 very easy to centralize log viewing on the host for all
1009 guests while still keeping the journal files separated.
1011 * Many bugfixes and optimizations
1013 Contributions from: Auke Kok, Eelco Dolstra, Harald Hoyer, Kay
1014 Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Paul Menzel, Rex
1015 Tsai, Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen, Ville Skyttä, Zbigniew
1020 * Several tools now understand kernel command line arguments,
1021 which are only read when run in an initial RAM disk. They
1022 usually follow closely their normal counterparts, but are
1025 * There's a new tool to analyze the readahead files that are
1026 automatically generated at boot. Use:
1028 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-readahead analyze /.readahead
1030 * We now provide an early debug shell on tty9 if this enabled. Use:
1032 systemctl enable debug-shell.service
1034 * All plymouth related units have been moved into the Plymouth
1035 package. Please make sure to upgrade your Plymouth version
1038 * systemd-tmpfiles now supports getting passed the basename of
1039 a configuration file only, in which case it will look for it
1040 in all appropriate directories automatically.
1042 * udevadm info now takes a /dev or /sys path as argument, and
1043 does the right thing. Example:
1045 udevadm info /dev/sda
1046 udevadm info /sys/class/block/sda
1048 * systemctl now prints a warning if a unit is stopped but a
1049 unit that might trigger it continues to run. Example: a
1050 service is stopped but the socket that activates it is left
1053 * "systemctl status" will now mention if the log output was
1054 shortened due to rotation since a service has been started.
1056 * The journal API now exposes functions to determine the
1057 "cutoff" times due to rotation.
1059 * journald now understands SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2 for triggering
1060 immediately flushing of runtime logs to /var if possible,
1061 resp. for triggering immediate rotation of the journal
1064 * It is now considered an error if a service is attempted to
1065 be stopped that is not loaded.
1067 * XDG_RUNTIME_DIR now uses numeric UIDs instead of usernames.
1069 * systemd-analyze now supports Python 3
1071 * tmpfiles now supports cleaning up directories via aging
1072 where the first level dirs are always kept around but
1073 directories beneath it automatically aged. This is enabled
1074 by prefixing the age field with '~'.
1076 * Seat objects now expose CanGraphical, CanTTY properties
1077 which is required to deal with very fast bootups where the
1078 display manager might be running before the graphics drivers
1079 completed initialization.
1081 * Seat objects now expose a State property.
1083 * We now include RPM macros for service enabling/disabling
1084 based on the preset logic. We recommend RPM based
1085 distributions to make use of these macros if possible. This
1086 makes it simpler to reuse RPM spec files across
1089 * We now make sure that the collected systemd unit name is
1090 always valid when services log to the journal via
1093 * There's a new man page kernel-command-line(7) detailing all
1094 command line options we understand.
1096 * The fstab generator may now be disabled at boot by passing
1097 fstab=0 on the kernel command line.
1099 * A new kernel command line option modules-load= is now understood
1100 to load a specific kernel module statically, early at boot.
1102 * Unit names specified on the systemctl command line are now
1103 automatically escaped as needed. Also, if file system or
1104 device paths are specified they are automatically turned
1105 into the appropriate mount or device unit names. Example:
1107 systemctl status /home
1108 systemctl status /dev/sda
1110 * The SysVConsole= configuration option has been removed from
1111 system.conf parsing.
1113 * The SysV search path is no longer exported on the D-Bus
1116 * The Names= option is been removed from unit file parsing.
1118 * There's a new man page bootup(7) detailing the boot process.
1120 * Every unit and every generator we ship with systemd now
1121 comes with full documentation. The self-explanatory boot is
1124 * A couple of services gained "systemd-" prefixes in their
1125 name if they wrap systemd code, rather than only external
1126 code. Among them fsck@.service which is now
1127 systemd-fsck@.service.
1129 * The HaveWatchdog property has been removed from the D-Bus
1132 * systemd.confirm_spawn= on the kernel command line should now
1135 * There's a new man page crypttab(5) which details all options
1136 we actually understand.
1138 * systemd-nspawn gained a new --capability= switch to pass
1139 additional capabilities to the container.
1141 * timedated will now read known NTP implementation unit names
1142 from /usr/lib/systemd/ntp-units.d/*.list,
1143 systemd-timedated-ntp.target has been removed.
1145 * journalctl gained a new switch "-b" that lists log data of
1146 the current boot only.
1148 * The notify socket is in the abstract namespace again, in
1149 order to support daemons which chroot() at start-up.
1151 * There is a new Storage= configuration option for journald
1152 which allows configuration of where log data should go. This
1153 also provides a way to disable journal logging entirely, so
1154 that data collected is only forwarded to the console, the
1155 kernel log buffer or another syslog implementation.
1157 * Many bugfixes and optimizations
1159 Contributions from: Auke Kok, Colin Guthrie, Dave Reisner,
1160 David Strauss, Eelco Dolstra, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering,
1161 Lukas Nykryn, Michal Schmidt, Michal Sekletar, Paul Menzel,
1162 Shawn Landden, Tom Gundersen
1166 * "systemctl help <unit>" now shows the man page if one is
1169 * Several new man pages have been added.
1171 * MaxLevelStore=, MaxLevelSyslog=, MaxLevelKMsg=,
1172 MaxLevelConsole= can now be specified in
1173 journald.conf. These options allow reducing the amount of
1174 data stored on disk or forwarded by the log level.
1176 * TimerSlackNSec= can now be specified in system.conf for
1177 PID1. This allows system-wide power savings.
1179 Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Kay Sievers, Lauri Kasanen,
1180 Lennart Poettering, Malte Starostik, Marc-Antoine Perennou,
1185 * logind is now capable of (optionally) handling power and
1186 sleep keys as well as the lid switch.
1188 * journalctl now understands the syntax "journalctl
1189 /usr/bin/avahi-daemon" to get all log output of a specific
1192 * CapabilityBoundingSet= in system.conf now also influences
1193 the capability bound set of usermode helpers of the kernel.
1195 Contributions from: Daniel Drake, Daniel J. Walsh, Gert
1196 Michael Kulyk, Harald Hoyer, Jean Delvare, Kay Sievers,
1197 Lennart Poettering, Matthew Garrett, Matthias Clasen, Paul
1198 Menzel, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Tom Gundersen
1202 * Note that we skipped 139 releases here in order to set the
1203 new version to something that is greater than both udev's
1204 and systemd's most recent version number.
1206 * udev: all udev sources are merged into the systemd source tree now.
1207 All future udev development will happen in the systemd tree. It
1208 is still fully supported to use the udev daemon and tools without
1209 systemd running, like in initramfs or other init systems. Building
1210 udev though, will require the *build* of the systemd tree, but
1211 udev can be properly *run* without systemd.
1213 * udev: /lib/udev/devices/ are not read anymore; systemd-tmpfiles
1214 should be used to create dead device nodes as workarounds for broken
1217 * udev: RUN+="socket:..." and udev_monitor_new_from_socket() is
1218 no longer supported. udev_monitor_new_from_netlink() needs to be
1219 used to subscribe to events.
1221 * udev: when udevd is started by systemd, processes which are left
1222 behind by forking them off of udev rules, are unconditionally cleaned
1223 up and killed now after the event handling has finished. Services or
1224 daemons must be started as systemd services. Services can be
1225 pulled-in by udev to get started, but they can no longer be directly
1226 forked by udev rules.
1228 * udev: the daemon binary is called systemd-udevd now and installed
1229 in /usr/lib/systemd/. Standalone builds or non-systemd systems need
1230 to adapt to that, create symlink, or rename the binary after building
1233 * libudev no longer provides these symbols:
1234 udev_monitor_from_socket()
1235 udev_queue_get_failed_list_entry()
1236 udev_get_{dev,sys,run}_path()
1237 The versions number was bumped and symbol versioning introduced.
1239 * systemd-loginctl and systemd-journalctl have been renamed
1240 to loginctl and journalctl to match systemctl.
1242 * The config files: /etc/systemd/systemd-logind.conf and
1243 /etc/systemd/systemd-journald.conf have been renamed to
1244 logind.conf and journald.conf. Package updates should rename
1245 the files to the new names on upgrade.
1247 * For almost all files the license is now LGPL2.1+, changed
1248 from the previous GPL2.0+. Exceptions are some minor stuff
1249 of udev (which will be changed to LGPL2.1 eventually, too),
1250 and the MIT licensed sd-daemon.[ch] library that is suitable
1251 to be used as drop-in files.
1253 * systemd and logind now handle system sleep states, in
1254 particular suspending and hibernating.
1256 * logind now implements a sleep/shutdown/idle inhibiting logic
1257 suitable for a variety of uses. Soonishly Lennart will blog
1258 about this in more detail.
1260 * var-run.mount and var-lock.mount are no longer provided
1261 (which prevously bind mounted these directories to their new
1262 places). Distributions which have not converted these
1263 directories to symlinks should consider stealing these files
1264 from git history and add them downstream.
1266 * We introduced the Documentation= field for units and added
1267 this to all our shipped units. This is useful to make it
1268 easier to explore the boot and the purpose of the various
1271 * All smaller setup units (such as
1272 systemd-vconsole-setup.service) now detect properly if they
1273 are run in a container and are skipped when
1274 appropriate. This guarantees an entirely noise-free boot in
1275 Linux container environments such as systemd-nspawn.
1277 * A framework for implementing offline system updates is now
1278 integrated, for details see:
1279 http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/SystemUpdates
1281 * A new service type Type=idle is available now which helps us
1282 avoiding ugly interleaving of getty output and boot status
1285 * There's now a system-wide CapabilityBoundingSet= option to
1286 globally reduce the set of capabilities for the
1287 system. This is useful to drop CAP_SYS_MKNOD, CAP_SYS_RAWIO,
1288 CAP_NET_RAW, CAP_SYS_MODULE, CAP_SYS_TIME, CAP_SYS_PTRACE or
1289 even CAP_NET_ADMIN system-wide for secure systems.
1291 * There are now system-wide DefaultLimitXXX= options to
1292 globally change the defaults of the various resource limits
1293 for all units started by PID 1.
1295 * Harald Hoyer's systemd test suite has been integrated into
1296 systemd which allows easy testing of systemd builds in qemu
1297 and nspawn. (This is really awesome! Ask us for details!)
1299 * The fstab parser is now implemented as generator, not inside
1302 * systemctl will now warn you if .mount units generated from
1303 /etc/fstab are out of date due to changes in fstab that
1304 haven't been read by systemd yet.
1306 * systemd is now suitable for usage in initrds. Dracut has
1307 already been updated to make use of this. With this in place
1308 initrds get a slight bit faster but primarily are much
1309 easier to introspect and debug since "systemctl status" in
1310 the host system can be used to introspect initrd services,
1311 and the journal from the initrd is kept around too.
1313 * systemd-delta has been added, a tool to explore differences
1314 between user/admin configuration and vendor defaults.
1316 * PrivateTmp= now affects both /tmp and /var/tmp.
1318 * Boot time status messages are now much prettier and feature
1319 proper english language. Booting up systemd has never been
1322 * Read-ahead pack files now include the inode number of all
1323 files to pre-cache. When the inode changes the pre-caching
1324 is not attempted. This should be nicer to deal with updated
1325 packages which might result in changes of read-ahead
1328 * We now temporaritly lower the kernel's read_ahead_kb variable
1329 when collecting read-ahead data to ensure the kernel's
1330 built-in read-ahead does not add noise to our measurements
1331 of necessary blocks to pre-cache.
1333 * There's now RequiresMountsFor= to add automatic dependencies
1334 for all mounts necessary for a specific file system path.
1336 * MountAuto= and SwapAuto= have been removed from
1337 system.conf. Mounting file systems at boot has to take place
1340 * nspawn now learned a new switch --uuid= to set the machine
1341 ID on the command line.
1343 * nspawn now learned the -b switch to automatically search
1346 * vt102 is now the default TERM for serial TTYs, upgraded from
1349 * systemd-logind now works on VT-less systems.
1351 * The build tree has been reorganized. The individual
1352 components now have directories of their own.
1354 * A new condition type ConditionPathIsReadWrite= is now available.
1356 * nspawn learned the new -C switch to create cgroups for the
1357 container in other hierarchies.
1359 * We now have support for hardware watchdogs, configurable in
1362 * The scheduled shutdown logic now has a public API.
1364 * We now mount /tmp as tmpfs by default, but this can be
1365 masked and /etc/fstab can override it.
1367 * Since udisks doesn't make use of /media anymore we are not
1368 mounting a tmpfs on it anymore.
1370 * journalctl gained a new --local switch to only interleave
1371 locally generated journal files.
1373 * We can now load the IMA policy at boot automatically.
1375 * The GTK tools have been split off into a systemd-ui.
1377 Contributions from: Andreas Schwab, Auke Kok, Ayan George,
1378 Colin Guthrie, Daniel Mack, Dave Reisner, David Ward, Elan
1379 Ruusamäe, Frederic Crozat, Gergely Nagy, Guillermo Vidal,
1380 Hannes Reinecke, Harald Hoyer, Javier Jardón, Kay Sievers,
1381 Lennart Poettering, Lucas De Marchi, Léo Gillot-Lamure,
1382 Marc-Antoine Perennou, Martin Pitt, Matthew Monaco, Maxim
1383 A. Mikityanskiy, Michael Biebl, Michael Olbrich, Michal
1384 Schmidt, Nis Martensen, Patrick McCarty, Roberto Sassu, Shawn
1385 Landden, Sjoerd Simons, Sven Anders, Tollef Fog Heen, Tom
1390 * This is mostly a bugfix release
1392 * Support optional initialization of the machine ID from the
1393 KVM or container configured UUID.
1395 * Support immediate reboots with "systemctl reboot -ff"
1397 * Show /etc/os-release data in systemd-analyze output
1399 * Many bugfixes for the journal, including endianess fixes and
1400 ensuring that disk space enforcement works
1402 * sd-login.h is C++ comptaible again
1404 * Extend the /etc/os-release format on request of the Debian
1407 * We now refuse non-UTF8 strings used in various configuration
1408 and unit files. This is done to ensure we don't pass invalid
1409 data over D-Bus or expose it elsewhere.
1411 * Register Mimo USB Screens as suitable for automatic seat
1414 * Read SELinux client context from journal clients in a race
1417 * Reorder configuration file lookup order. /etc now always
1418 overrides /run in order to allow the administrator to always
1419 and unconditionally override vendor supplied or
1420 automatically generated data.
1422 * The various user visible bits of the journal now have man
1423 pages. We still lack man pages for the journal API calls
1426 * We now ship all man pages in HTML format again in the
1429 Contributions from: Dave Reisner, Dirk Eibach, Frederic
1430 Crozat, Harald Hoyer, Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Marti
1431 Raudsepp, Michal Schmidt, Shawn Landden, Tero Roponen, Thierry
1436 * This is mostly a bugfix release
1438 * systems lacking /etc/os-release are no longer supported.
1440 * Various functionality updates to libsystemd-login.so
1442 * Track class of PAM logins to distuingish greeters from
1445 Contributions from: Kay Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael
1450 * This is an important bugfix release for v41.
1452 * Building man pages is now optional which should be useful
1453 for those building systemd from git but unwilling to install
1456 * Watchdog support for supervising services is now usable. In
1457 a future release support for hardware watchdogs
1458 (i.e. /dev/watchdog) will be added building on this.
1460 * Service start rate limiting is now configurable and can be
1461 turned off per service. When a start rate limit is hit a
1462 reboot can automatically be triggered.
1464 * New CanReboot(), CanPowerOff() bus calls in systemd-logind.
1466 Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Bill Nottingham,
1467 Frederic Crozat, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal
1468 Schmidt, Michał Górny, Piotr Drąg
1472 * The systemd binary is installed /usr/lib/systemd/systemd now;
1473 An existing /sbin/init symlink needs to be adapted with the
1476 * The code that loads kernel modules has been ported to invoke
1477 libkmod directly, instead of modprobe. This means we do not
1478 support systems with module-init-tools anymore.
1480 * Watchdog support is now already useful, but still not
1483 * A new kernel command line option systemd.setenv= is
1484 understood to set system wide environment variables
1485 dynamically at boot.
1487 * We now limit the set of capabilities of systemd-journald.
1489 * We now set SIGPIPE to ignore by default, since it only is
1490 useful in shell pipelines, and has little use in general
1491 code. This can be disabled with IgnoreSIPIPE=no in unit
1494 Contributions from: Benjamin Franzke, Kay Sievers, Lennart
1495 Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt, Tom Gundersen,
1500 * This is mostly a bugfix release
1502 * We now expose the reason why a service failed in the
1503 "Result" D-Bus property.
1505 * Rudimentary service watchdog support (will be completed over
1506 the next few releases.)
1508 * When systemd forks off in order execute some service we will
1509 now immediately changes its argv[0] to reflect which process
1510 it will execute. This is useful to minimize the time window
1511 with a generic argv[0], which makes bootcharts more useful
1513 Contributions from: Alvaro Soliverez, Chris Paulson-Ellis, Kay
1514 Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Olbrich, Michal Schmidt,
1515 Mike Kazantsev, Ray Strode
1519 * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many
1522 * New systemd-cgtop tool to show control groups by their
1525 * Linking against libacl for ACLs is optional again. If
1526 disabled, support tracking device access for active logins
1527 goes becomes unavailable, and so does access to the user
1528 journals by the respective users.
1530 * If a group "adm" exists, journal files are automatically
1531 owned by them, thus allow members of this group full access
1532 to the system journal as well as all user journals.
1534 * The journal now stores the SELinux context of the logging
1535 client for all entries.
1537 * Add C++ inclusion guards to all public headers
1539 * New output mode "cat" in the journal to print only text
1540 messages, without any meta data like date or time.
1542 * Include tiny X server wrapper as a temporary stop-gap to
1543 teach XOrg udev display enumeration. This is used by display
1544 managers such as gdm, and will go away as soon as XOrg
1545 learned native udev hotplugging for display devices.
1547 * Add new systemd-cat tool for executing arbitrary programs
1548 with STDERR/STDOUT connected to the journal. Can also act as
1549 BSD logger replacement, and does so by default.
1551 * Optionally store all locally generated coredumps in the
1552 journal along with meta data.
1554 * systemd-tmpfiles learnt four new commands: n, L, c, b, for
1555 writing short strings to files (for usage for /sys), and for
1556 creating symlinks, character and block device nodes.
1558 * New unit file option ControlGroupPersistent= to make cgroups
1559 persistent, following the mechanisms outlined in
1560 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PaxControlGroups
1562 * Support multiple local RTCs in a sane way
1564 * No longer monopolize IO when replaying readahead data on
1565 rotating disks, since we might starve non-file-system IO to
1566 death, since fanotify() will not see accesses done by blkid,
1569 * Don't show kernel threads in systemd-cgls anymore, unless
1570 requested with new -k switch.
1572 Contributions from: Dan Horák, Kay Sievers, Lennart
1573 Poettering, Michal Schmidt
1577 * This is mostly a test release, but incorporates many
1580 * The git repository moved to:
1581 git://anongit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd
1582 ssh://git.freedesktop.org/git/systemd/systemd
1584 * First release with the journal
1585 http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-journal.html
1587 * The journal replaces both systemd-kmsg-syslogd and
1588 systemd-stdout-bridge.
1590 * New sd_pid_get_unit() API call in libsystemd-logind
1592 * Many systemadm clean-ups
1594 * Introduce remote-fs-pre.target which is ordered before all
1595 remote mounts and may be used to start services before all
1598 * Added Mageia support
1600 * Add bash completion for systemd-loginctl
1602 * Actively monitor PID file creation for daemons which exit in
1603 the parent process before having finished writing the PID
1604 file in the daemon process. Daemons which do this need to be
1605 fixed (i.e. PID file creation must have finished before the
1606 parent exits), but we now react a bit more gracefully to them.
1608 * Add colourful boot output, mimicking the well-known output
1609 of existing distributions.
1611 * New option PassCredentials= for socket units, for
1612 compatibility with a recent kernel ABI breakage.
1614 * /etc/rc.local is now hooked in via a generator binary, and
1615 thus will no longer act as synchronization point during
1618 * systemctl list-unit-files now supports --root=.
1620 * systemd-tmpfiles now understands two new commands: z, Z for
1621 relabelling files according to the SELinux database. This is
1622 useful to apply SELinux labels to specific files in /sys,
1625 * Output of SysV services is now forwarded to both the console
1626 and the journal by default, not only just the console.
1628 * New man pages for all APIs from libsystemd-login.
1630 * The build tree got reorganized and a the build system is a
1631 lot more modular allowing embedded setups to specifically
1632 select the components of systemd they are interested in.
1634 * Support for Linux systems lacking the kernel VT subsystem is
1637 * configure's --with-rootdir= got renamed to
1638 --with-rootprefix= to follow the naming used by udev and
1641 * Unless specified otherwise we'll now install to /usr instead
1642 of /usr/local by default.
1644 * Processes with '@' in argv[0][0] are now excluded from the
1645 final shut-down killing spree, following the logic explained
1647 http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/RootStorageDaemons
1649 * All processes remaining in a service cgroup when we enter
1650 the START or START_PRE states are now killed with
1651 SIGKILL. That means it is no longer possible to spawn
1652 background processes from ExecStart= lines (which was never
1653 supported anyway, and bad style).
1655 * New PropagateReloadTo=/PropagateReloadFrom= options to bind
1656 reloading of units together.
1658 Contributions from: Bill Nottingham, Daniel J. Walsh, Dave
1659 Reisner, Dexter Morgan, Gregs Gregs, Jonathan Nieder, Kay
1660 Sievers, Lennart Poettering, Michael Biebl, Michal Schmidt,
1661 Michał Górny, Ran Benita, Thomas Jarosch, Tim Waugh, Tollef
1662 Fog Heen, Tom Gundersen, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
~ianmdlvl / elogind.git / blob