[\fIsuite\fP]
.br
.B dgit
-[\fIdgit\-opts\fP] \fBbuild\fP
-[\fIgit\-buildpackage\-opts\fP|\fIdpkg\-buildpackage\-opts\fp]
+[\fIdgit\-opts\fP] \fBbuild\fP|\fBsbuild\fP
+[\fIbuild\-opts\fp]
.br
.B dgit
[\fIdgit\-opts\fP] \fBpush\fP [\fIdgit\-opts\fP]
[\fIsuite\fP]
+.br
+.B dgit
+[\fIdgit\-opts\fP] \fIaction\fR ...
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B dgit
treats the Debian archive as a version control system, and
.B dgit-repos
which lives outside the Debian archive (currently, on Alioth).
-.B dgit clone
-and
-.B dgit fetch
-consult the archive and dgit-repos and fetch and/or construct the
-git view of the history. With clone, the destination directory (by
-default, the package name in the current directory) will be created,
-and the new directory's `origin' remote will be set up to point to
-the package's dgit-repos tree.
-
-.B dgit build
-runs
-.B git-buildpackage
-with some suitable options. Options after
-.B build
-will be passed on to git-buildpackage. It is not necessary to
-use dgit build; it is OK to use any approach which ensures that
-the generated source package corresponds to the relevant git commit.
-Tagging and signing should be left to dgit push.
+The usual workflow is: 1. clone or fetch; 2. make and commit changes
+in git as desired; 3. run dgit build or dgit sbuild, or generate the
+source and binary packages for upload some other way; 4. do
+pre-upload tests of the proposed upload; 5. run dgit push.
+.TP
+\fBdgit clone\fR \fIpackage\fP [\fIsuite\fP] [\fB./\fP\fIdir|\fB/\fP\fIdir]
+Consults the archive and dgit-repos to construct the git view of
+history for
+.I package
+in
+.I suite
+.RB ( sid
+by default)
+in a new directory (named
+.BI ./ package
+by default);
+also, downloads any necessary orig tarballs.
+The suite's git tip is
+left on the local branch
+.BI dgit/ suite
+ready for work, and on the corresponding dgit remote tracking branch.
+Also, the
+.B origin
+remote will be set up to point to the package's dgit-repos tree
+for the distro to which
+.I suite
+belongs.
+.TP
+\fBdgit fetch\fR [\fIsuite\fP]
+Consults the archive and git-repos to update the git view of
+history for a specific suite (and downloads any necessary orig
+tarballs), and updates the remote tracking branch
+.BR remotes/dgit/ \fIsuite\fR.
+If the current branch is
+.BI dgit/ suite
+then dgit fetch defaults to
+.IR suite ;
+otherwise it parses debian/changelog and uses the suite specified
+there.
+.TP
+\fBdgit pull\fR [\fIsuite\fP]
+Does dgit fetch, and then merges the new head of the remote tracking
+branch
+.BI remotes/dgit/ suite
+into the current branch.
+.TP
+\fBdgit build\fR ...
+Runs
+.B git-buildpackage
+with some suitable options. Options and argumments after build
+will be passed on to git-buildpackage. It is not necessary to use
+dgit build when using dgit; it is OK to use any approach which ensures
+that the generated source package corresponds to the relevant git
+commit. Tagging and signing should be left to dgit push.
+.TP
+\fBdgit sbuild\fR ...
+Constructs the source package, and uses sbuild to do a binary
+build, and uses mergechanges to merge the source and binary
+changes files. Options and argumments after sbuild will be passed on
+to sbuild. Changes files matching
+.IB package _ version _*.changes
+in the parent directory will be removed; the output is left in
+.IR package \fB_\fR version \fB_multi.changes\fR.
+.TP
.B dgit push
-does an `upload', pushing the current HEAD to the archive (as a source
-package) and to dgit-repos (as git commits). This also involves
-making a signed git tag, and signing the files to be uploaded to the
+Does an `upload', pushing the current HEAD to the archive (as a source
+package) and to dgit-repos (as git commits). The package must already
+have been built ready for upload, with the .dsc and .changes
+left in the parent directory.
+
+In more detail: dgit push checks that the current HEAD corresponds to
+the .dsc. It then pushes the HEAD to the suite's dgit-repos branch,
+makes a signed git tag, edits the .dsc to contain the dgit metadata
+field, runs debsign to sign the upload (.dsc and .changes), pushes the
+signed tag, and finally uses dput to upload the .changes to the
archive.
-.SH MODEL AND WORKFLOW
+
+For a format `3.0 (quilt)' source package, dgit push
+may also have to make a commit on your current branch to contain
+quilt metadata. It will do this automatically if necessary.
+You can explicitly request that dgit do just this
+dgit quilt-fixup.
+
+dgit push always uses the package, suite and version specified in the
+debian/changelog and the .dsc, which must agree.
+
+If dgit push fails while uploading, it is fine to simply retry the
+dput on the .changes file at your leisure.
+.TP
+.B dgit quilt-fixup
+Looks to see if there is quilt patch metadata left over by dpkg-source
+-b, and if so makes a git commit of it. This is normally done
+automatically by dgit push. dgit quilt-fixup takes no additional
+arguments. Note that it will only process a patch generated by
+dpkg-source for the most recent version (according to the
+debia/changelog).
+
+It is not normally necessary to run dgit quilt-fixup explicitly;
+where necessary it is done as part of dgit push.
+.SH WORKFLOW - SIMPLE
+It is always possible with dgit to clone or fetch a package, make
+changes in git (using git-commit) on the suite branch
+.RB ( "git checkout dgit/" \fIsuite\fR)
+and then dgit push. You can use whatever gitish techniques you like
+to construct the commit to push; the only requirement is that it is a
+descendant of the state of the archive, as provided by dgit in the
+remote tracking branch
+.BR remotes/dgit/ \fIsuite\fR.
+
+If you are lucky the other uploaders have also used dgit and
+integrated the other relevant git history; if not you can fetch it
+into your tree and cherry-pick etc. as you wish.
+.SH WORKFLOW - INTEGRATING BETWEEN DGIT AND OTHER GIT HISTORY
+If you are the maintainer of a package dealing with uploads made
+without dgit, you will probably want to merge the synthetic commits
+(made by dgit to represent the uploads) into your git history.
+Normally you can just merge the dgit branch into your own master, or
+indeed if you do your work on the dgit local suite branch
+.BI dgit/ suite
+you can just use dgit pull.
+
+However the first time dgit is used it will generate a new origin
+commit from the archive which won't be linked into the rest of your
+git history. You will need to merge this.
+
+If last upload was in fact made with git, you should usually proceed
+as follows: identify the commit which was actually used to build the
+package. (Hopefully you have a tag for this.) Check out the dgit
+branch
+.RB ( "git checkout dgit/" \fIsuite\fR)
+and merge that other commit
+.RB ( "git merge debian/" \fIversion\fR).
+Hopefully this merge will be trivial because the two trees should
+be the same. The resulting branch head can be merged into your
+working branches
+.RB ( "git checkout master && git merge dgit/" \fIsuite\fR).
+
+If last upload was not made with git, a different approach is required
+to start using dgit. First, do
+.B dgit fetch
+(or clone) to obtain a git history representation of what's in the
+archive and record it in the
+.BI remotes/dgit/ suite
+tracking branch. Then somehow, using your other git history
+plus appropriate diffs and cherry picks from the dgit remote tracking
+branch, construct a git commit whose tree corresponds to the tree to use for the
+next upload. If that commit-to-be-uploaded is not a descendant of the
+dig remote tracking branch, check it out and say
+.BR "git merge -s ours remotes/dgit/" \fIsuite\fR;
+that tells git that we are deliberately throwing away any differences
+between what's in the archive and what you intend to upload.
+Then run
+.BR "dgit push"
+to actually upload the result.
+.SH MODEL
You may use any suitable git workflow with dgit, provided you
satisfy dgit's requirements:
normally the dgit-repos repo for the package will be accessible via
the remote name `origin'.
+dgit push will also (by default) make signed tags called
+.BI debian/ version
+and push them to dgit-repos, but nothing depends on these tags
+existing.
+
dgit push can operate on any commit which is a descendant of the
current dgit/suite tip in dgit-repos.
Uploads not made by dgit are represented in git by commits which are
synthesised by dgit. The tree of each such commit corresponds to the
-unpacked source; the single parent is the last known upload - that is,
-the contents of the dgit/suite branch.
+unpacked source; there is an origin commit with the contents, and a
+psuedo-merge from last known upload - that is, from the contents of
+the dgit/suite branch.
dgit expects repos that it works with to have a
.B dgit
remote. This refers to the well-known dgit-repos location
(currently, the dgit-repos project on Alioth). dgit fetch updates
the remote tracking branch for dgit/suite.
+
+dgit does not (currently) represent the orig tarball(s) in git; nor
+does it represent the patch statck of a `3.0 (quilt)' package. The
+orig tarballs are downloaded and kept in the parent directory, as with
+a traditional (non-gitish) dpkg-source workflow.
+
+To a user looking at the archive, changes pushed using dgit look like
+changes made in an NMU: in a `3.0 (quilt)' package the delta from the
+previous upload is recorded in a new patch constructed by dpkg-source.
+.SH PACKAGE SOURCE FORMATS
+If you are not the maintainer, you do not need to worry about the
+source format of the package. You can just make changes as you like
+in git. If the package is a `3.0 (quilt)' package, the patch stack
+will usually not be represented in the git history.
+
+If you are the maintainer of a non-native package, you currently have
+two sensible options:
+
+Firstly, you can regard your git history as primary, and the archive
+as an export format. For example, you could maintain topic branches
+in git and a fast-forwarding release branch; or you could do your work
+directly in a merging way on the
+.BI dgit/ suite
+branches. If you do this you should probably use a `1.0' format
+source package. In the archive, the delta between upstream will be
+represented in the single Debian patch.
+
+Secondly, you can regard your quiltish patch stack in the archive as
+primary. You will have to use other tools besides dgit to import and
+export this patch stack. For `3.0 (quilt)' packages, dgit has to do
+more work to work around some braindamage in way dpkg-source handles
+changes made to this format. See also the BUGS section. We recommend
+against the use of `3.0 (quilt)'.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.BR --dry-run | -n
Specifies a git configuration option. dgit itself is also controlled
by git configuration options.
.TP
-.RI \fB--dget=\fR program |\fB--dput=\fR program |\fB--debsign=\fR program
-Specifies alternative programs to use instead of dget, dput
-or debsign.
+.RI \fB--dget=\fR program |\fB--dput=\fR program |...
+Specifies alternative programs to use instead of
+.BR dget ,
+.BR dput ,
+.BR debsign ,
+.BR dpkg-buildpackage
+.BR sbuild ,
+or
+.BR mergechanges .
.TP
-.RI \fB--dget:\fR option |\fB--dput:\fR option |\fB--debsign:\fR option
-Specifies a single additional option to pass to dget, dput or
-debsign. Use repeatedly if multiple additional options are required.
+.RI \fB--dget:\fR option |\fB--dput:\fR option |...
+Specifies a single additional option to pass to
+.BR dget ,
+.BR dput ,
+.BR debsign ,
+.BR dpkg-buildpackage
+.BR sbuild ,
+or
+.BR mergechanges .
+Can be repeated as necessary.
+.TP
+.BR -d "\fIdistro\fR | " --distro= \fIdistro\fR
+Specifies that the suite to be operated on is part of distro
+.IR distro .
+This overrides the default value found from the git config option
+.BR dgit-suite. \fIsuite\fR .distro .
+The only effect is that other configuration variables (used
+for accessing the archive and dgit-repos) used are
+.BR dgit-distro. \fIdistro\fR .* .
+
+If your suite is part of a distro that dgit already knows about, you
+can use this option to make dgit work even if your dgit doesn't know
+about the suite. For example, specifying
+.B -ddebian
+will work when the suite is an unknown suite in the Debian archive.
+
+To define a new distro it is necessary to define methods and URLs
+for fetching (and, for dgit push, altering) a variety of information both
+in the archive and in dgit-repos. How to do this is not yet
+documented, and currently the arrangements are unpleasant. See
+BUGS.
.TP
.BI -C changesfile
Specifies the .changes file which is to be uploaded. By default
dgit push looks for single .changes file in the parent directory whose
-filename suggests it is for the right package and version.
+filename suggests it is for the right package and version - or,
+if there is a _multi.changes file, dgit uses that.
.TP
.BI --existing-package= package
dgit push needs to canonicalise the suite name. But currently
there is no way to ask the archive to do this without knowing the
name of an existing package. Without --new we can just use the
package we are trying to push. But with --new that will not work, so
-we guess that
+we guess
.B dpkg
-exists in the target suite. If it doesn't, you can use this option to
-specify a package which does. If the suite is empty, bad luck.
+or use the value of this option.
+.TP
+.BR -h | --help
+Print a usage summary.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+\fBdget\fP(1),
+\fBdput\fP(1),
+\fBdebsign\fP(1),
+\fBgit-config\fP(1),
+\fBgit-buildpackage\fP(1),
+\fBdpkg-buildpackage\fP(1),
+.br
+https://wiki.debian.org/Alioth
.SH CONFIGURATION
dgit looks at the following git config keys to control its behaviour.
You may set them with git-config (either in system-global or per-tree
.TP
.BI dgit.default.distro
.TP
-.BI dgit.default.username
+.BI dgit-distro. distro .username
.TP
.BI dgit-distro. distro .git-url
.TP
+.BI dgit-distro. distro .git-user
+.TP
.BI dgit-distro. distro .git-host
.TP
.BI dgit-distro. distro .git-proto
.TP
.BI dgit-distro. distro .archive-query-default-component
.TP
+.BI dgit-distro. distro .sshdakls-user
+.TP
+.BI dgit-distro. distro .sshdakls-host
+.TP
+.BI dgit-distro. distro .sshdakls-dir
+.TP
.BI dgit-distro. distro .ssh
.TP
.BR dgit.default. *
The method of canonicalising suite names is bizarre. See the
.B --existing-package
-option for one of the implication.s
+option for one of the implications.
dgit push should perhaps do `git push origin', or something similar,
by default.
+Debian does not have a working rmadison server, so to find out what
+version of a package is in the archive, or to canonicalise suite
+names, we ssh directly into the ftpmaster server.
+
The mechanism for checking for and creating per-package repos on
alioth is a hideous bodge. One consequence is that dgit currently
only works for people with push access.
If the dgit push fails halfway through, it should be restartable and
idempotent. However this is not true for the git tag operation.
+Also, it would be good to check that the proposed signing key is
+available before starting work.
dgit's handling of .orig.tar.gz is not very sophisticated. Ideally
the .orig.tar.gz could be transported via the git repo as git tags.
Doing this is made more complicated by the possibility of a `3.0
(quilt)' package with multiple .orig tarballs.
-The error messages are often unhelpfully terse and tend to refer to
-line numbers in dgit.
+`3.0 (quilt)' packages have an additional difficulty: if these are
+edited in the most normal way, and then fed to dpkg-buildpackage,
+dpkg-source will add extra quilt patch metadata to the source tree
+during the source package build. This extra metadata is then of
+course not included in the git history. So dgit push needs to commit
+it for you, to make sure that the git history and archive contents are
+identical. That this is necessary is a bug in the `3.0 (quilt)'
+format.
+
+There should be an option which arranges for the `3.0 (quilt)'
+autocommit to not appear on your HEAD, but instead only in the
+remote tracking suite branch.
+
+There should at the very least be some advice in the manpage about how
+to use dgit when the signing key is not available on the same machine
+as the build host.
The option parser requires values to be cuddled to the option name.
~ianmdlvl / dgit.git / blobdiff