git-merge(1), preserving all information about divergent development
that was later brought together.
-If you prefer linear histories, see dgit-maint-rebase(7).
-
=item
Maintaining convenient and powerful git workflows takes priority over
is thought of as an output format.
For example, we don't spend time curating a series of quilt patches.
-However, the information such a series would contain is readily
+However,
+in straightforward cases,
+the information such a series would contain is readily
available from B<dgit-repos>.
=item
=back
-=head1 GIT CONFIGURATION
-
-Add the following to your ~/.gitconfig to teach git-archive(1) how to
-compress orig tarballs:
-
-=over 4
-
- [tar "tar.xz"]
- command = xz -c
- [tar "tar.gz"]
- command = gzip -c
-
-=back
+This workflow is less suitable for some packages.
+When the Debian delta contains multiple pieces which interact,
+or which you aren't going to be able to upstream soon,
+it might be preferable to
+maintain the delta as a rebasing patch series.
+For such a workflow see for example
+dgit-maint-debrebase(7) and dgit-maint-gbp(7).
=head1 INITIAL DEBIANISATION
-=head2 When upstream tags releases in git and releases identical tarballs
-
-Ideally upstream would make git tags, and tarball releases, which are
-completely identical to each other. If this is the case then you can
-use the upstream tarballs directly.
-
-If you're not sure, use the procedure below under "When upstream
-releases only tarballs" only with a different upstream tag name. Then
-use git diff to check that there are no differences.
+This section explains how to start using this workflow with a new
+package. It should be skipped when converting an existing package to
+this workflow.
=head2 When upstream tags releases in git
=back
-The final command detachs your master branch from the upstream remote,
+The final command detaches your master branch from the upstream remote,
so that git doesn't try to push anything there, or merge unreleased
upstream commits. If you want to maintain a copy of your packaging
-branch on B<alioth.debian.org> in addition to B<dgit-repos>, you can
+branch on B<salsa.debian.org> in addition to B<dgit-repos>, you can
do something like this:
=over 4
- % git remote add -f origin git.debian.org:/git/collab-maint/foo.git
+ % git remote add -f origin salsa.debian.org:Debian/foo.git
% git push --follow-tags -u origin master
=back
work with upstream tags rather than any branches, except when
forwarding patches (see FORWARDING PATCHES UPSTREAM, below).
-Finally, you need an orig tarball. Generate one with git-archive(1):
+Finally, you need an orig tarball:
=over 4
- % git archive -o ../foo_1.2.2.orig.tar.xz 1.2.2
+ % git deborig
=back
-If you are using the version 1.0 source package format, replace 'xz'
-with 'gz'.
+See git-deborig(1) if this fails.
This tarball is ephemeral and easily regenerated, so we don't commit
it anywhere (e.g. with tools like pristine-tar(1)).
+=head3 Verifying upstream's tarball releases
+
+=over 4
+
+It can be a good idea to compare upstream's released tarballs with the
+release tags, at least for the first upload of the package. If they
+are different, you might need to add some additional steps to your
+I<debian/rules>, such as running autotools.
+
+A convenient way to perform this check is to import the tarball as
+described in the following section, using a different value for
+'upstream-tag', and then use git-diff(1) to compare the imported
+tarball to the release tag. If they are the same, you can use
+upstream's tarball instead of running git-deborig(1).
+
+=back
+
=head2 When upstream releases only tarballs
We need a virtual upstream branch with virtual release tags.
=over 4
[DEFAULT]
- upstream-branch = upsteram
+ upstream-branch = upstream
debian-branch = master
upstream-tag = %(version)s
pristine-tar = False
pristine-tar-commit = False
+ [import-orig]
+ merge-mode = merge
+
=back
-Then we can import the upstream version:
+gbp-import-orig(1) requires a pre-existing upstream branch:
=over 4
% git add debian/gbp.conf && git commit -m "create gbp.conf"
- % gbp import-orig ../foo_1.2.2.orig.tar.xz
+ % git checkout --orphan upstream
+ % git rm -rf .
+ % git commit --allow-empty -m "initial, empty branch for upstream source"
+ % git checkout -f master
+
+=back
+
+Then we can import the upstream version:
+
+=over 4
+
+ % gbp import-orig --merge-mode=replace ../foo_1.2.2.orig.tar.xz
+
+=back
+
+Our upstream branch cannot be pushed to B<dgit-repos>, but since we
+will need it whenever we import a new upstream version, we must push
+it somewhere. The usual choice is B<salsa.debian.org>:
+
+=over 4
+
+ % git remote add -f origin salsa.debian.org:Debian/foo.git
+ % git push --follow-tags -u origin master upstream
=back
You are now ready to proceed as above, making commits to both the
upstream source and the I<debian/> directory.
-If you want to maintain a copy of your repository on
-B<alioth.debian.org>, you should push both the origin and the upstream
-branches:
+=head1 CONVERTING AN EXISTING PACKAGE
+
+This section explains how to convert an existing Debian package to
+this workflow. It should be skipped when debianising a new package.
+
+=head2 No existing git history
=over 4
- % git remote add -f origin git.debian.org:/git/collab-maint/foo.git
- % git push --follow-tags -u origin master upstream
+ % dgit clone foo
+ % cd foo
+ % git remote add -f upstream https://some.upstream/foo.git
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Existing git history using another workflow
+
+First, if you don't already have the git history locally, clone it,
+and obtain the corresponding orig.tar from the archive:
+
+=over 4
+
+ % git clone git.debian.org:collab-maint/foo
+ % cd foo
+ % origtargz
+
+=back
+
+Now dump any existing patch queue:
+
+=over 4
+
+ % git rm -rf debian/patches
+ % git commit -m "drop existing quilt patch queue"
+
+=back
+
+Then make new upstream tags available:
+
+=over 4
+
+ % git remote add -f upstream https://some.upstream/foo.git
=back
+=for dgit-test dpkg-source-ignores begin
+
+Now you simply need to ensure that your git HEAD is dgit-compatible,
+i.e., it is exactly what you would get if you ran
+B<dpkg-buildpackage -i'(?:^|/)\.git(?:/|$)' -I.git -S>
+and then unpacked the resultant source package.
+
+=for dgit-test dpkg-source-ignores end
+
+To achieve this, you might need to delete
+I<debian/source/local-options>. One way to have dgit check your
+progress is to run B<dgit build-source>.
+
+The first dgit push will require I<--overwrite>. If this is the first
+ever dgit push of the package, consider passing
+I<--deliberately-not-fast-forward> instead of I<--overwrite>. This
+avoids introducing a new origin commit into your git history. (This
+origin commit would represent the most recent non-dgit upload of the
+package, but this should already be represented in your git history.)
+
=head1 SOURCE PACKAGE CONFIGURATION
=head2 debian/source/options
You don't need to create this file if you are using the version 1.0
source package format.
-=head2 Sample text for README.source
+=head2 Sample text for debian/source/patch-header
-It is a good idea to explain how a user can obtain a break down of the
+It is a good idea to explain how a user can obtain a breakdown of the
changes to the upstream source:
=over 4
-The Debian packaging of foo is maintained using dgit. For the sake of
-an efficient workflow, Debian modifications to the upstream source are
-squashed into a single patch, rather than a series of quilt patches.
-To obtain a patch queue for package version 1.2.3-1:
+The Debian packaging of foo is maintained in git,
+using the merging workflow described in dgit-maint-merge(7).
+There isn't a patch queue that can be represented as a quilt series.
+
+A detailed breakdown of the changes is available from their
+canonical representation -
+git commits in the packaging repository.
+For example, to see the changes made by the Debian maintainer in the
+first upload of upstream version 1.2.3, you could use:
=over 4
- # apt-get install dgit
- % dgit clone foo
+ % git clone https://git.dgit.debian.org/foo
% cd foo
% git log --oneline 1.2.3..debian/1.2.3-1 -- . ':!debian'
=back
-See dgit(1), dgit(7) and dgit-maint-merge(7) for more information.
+(If you have dgit, use `dgit clone foo`,
+rather than plain `git clone`.)
+
+A single combined diff, containing all the changes, follows.
=back
+If you are using the version 1.0 source package format, this text
+should be added to README.source instead. The version 1.0 source
+package format ignores debian/source/patch-header.
+
+If you're using the version 3.0 (quilt) source package format, you
+could add this text to README.source instead of
+debian/source/patch-header, but this might distract from more
+important information present in README.source.
+
=head1 BUILDING AND UPLOADING
-Use B<dgit build>, B<dgit sbuild>, B<dgit build-source>, and B<dgit
-push> as detailed in dgit(1). If any command fails, dgit will provide
-a carefully-worded error message explaining what you should do. If
-it's not clear, file a bug against dgit. Remember to pass I<--new>
-for the first upload.
+Use B<dgit build>, B<dgit sbuild>, B<dgit pbuilder>, B<dgit
+cowbuilder>, B<dgit push-source>, and B<dgit push> as detailed in
+dgit(1). If any command fails, dgit will provide a carefully-worded
+error message explaining what you should do. If it's not clear, file
+a bug against dgit. Remember to pass I<--new> for the first upload.
As an alternative to B<dgit build> and friends, you can use a tool
like gitpkg(1). This works because like dgit, gitpkg(1) enforces that
=head1 NEW UPSTREAM RELEASES
-=head2 When upstream tags releases in git
+=head2 Obtaining the release
-It's a good idea to preview the merge of the new upstream release.
-First, just check for any new or deleted files that may need
-accounting for in your copyright file:
+=head3 When upstream tags releases in git
=over 4
% git remote update
- % git diff --stat master..1.2.3 -- . ':!debian'
=back
-You can then review the full merge diff:
+=head3 When upstream releases only tarballs
+
+You will need the I<debian/gbp.conf> from "When upstream releases only
+tarballs", above. You will also need your upstream branch. Above, we
+pushed this to B<salsa.debian.org>. You will need to clone or fetch
+from there, instead of relying on B<dgit clone>/B<dgit fetch> alone.
+
+Then, either
=over 4
- % git merge-tree `git merge-base master 1.2.3` master 1.2.3 | $PAGER
+ % gbp import-orig --no-merge ../foo_1.2.3.orig.tar.xz
=back
-Once you're satisfied with what will be merged, update your package:
+or if you have a working watch file
=over 4
- % git archive ../foo_1.2.3.orig.tar.xz 1.2.3
- % git merge 1.2.3
- % dch -v1.2.3-1 New upstream release.
- % git add debian/changelog && git commit -m changelog
+ % gbp import-orig --no-merge --uscan
=back
-and you are ready to try a build.
+=head2 Reviewing & merging the release
-Again, if you are using the version 1.0 source package format, replace
-'xz' with 'gz'.
+It's a good idea to preview the merge of the new upstream release.
+First, just check for any new or deleted files that may need
+accounting for in your copyright file:
-=head2 When upstream releases only tarballs
+=over 4
+
+ % git diff --stat master..1.2.3 -- . ':!debian'
+
+=back
+
+You can then review the full merge diff:
+
+=over 4
-Either
+ % git merge-tree `git merge-base master 1.2.3` master 1.2.3 | $PAGER
+
+=back
+
+Once you're satisfied with what will be merged, update your package:
=over 4
- % gbp import-orig ../foo_1.2.2.orig.tar.xz
+ % git merge 1.2.3
+ % dch -v1.2.3-1 New upstream release.
+ % git add debian/changelog && git commit -m changelog
=back
-or if you have a working watch file
+If you obtained a tarball from upstream, you are ready to try a build.
+If you merged a git tag from upstream, you will first need to generate
+a tarball:
=over 4
- % gbp import-orig --uscan
+ % git deborig
=back
Before merging the new 1.2.3+dfsg tag to master, you should first
determine whether it would be legally dangerous for the non-free
material to be publicly accessible in the git history on
-B<dgit-repos>. If it would be, pass B<--squash> to git-merge(1).
+B<dgit-repos>.
+
+If it would be dangerous, there is a big problem;
+in this case please consult your archive administrators
+(for Debian this is the dgit administrator dgit-owner@debian.org
+and the ftpmasters ftpmaster@ftp-master.debian.org).
=head2 When upstream releases only tarballs
~ianmdlvl / dgit.git / blobdiff