#: best-pkging-practices.dbk:7 msgid "Best Packaging Practices" msgstr "Les meilleurs pratiques pour la construction des paquets" # type: Content of: <chapter><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:9 msgid "" "Debian's quality is largely due to the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;" "\">Debian Policy</ulink>, which defines explicit baseline requirements which " "all Debian packages must fulfill. Yet there is also a shared history of " "experience which goes beyond the Debian Policy, an accumulation of years of " "experience in packaging. Many very talented people have created great " "tools, tools which help you, the Debian maintainer, create and maintain " "excellent packages." msgstr "" "La qualité de Debian est largement due à la <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;" "\">Charte Debian</ulink> qui définit les prérequis explicites de base que " "tous les paquets Debian doivent satisfaire. Cependant, il existe également " "une expérience générale partagée qui va bien au delà de la Charte Debian et " "constitue une somme d'années d'expérience dans la construction de paquets. " "De nombreux contributeurs talentueux ont créé d'excellents outils qui " "peuvent vous aider, en tant que mainteneur Debian, à créer et maintenir des " "paquets d'excellente qualité." # type: Content of: <chapter><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:18 msgid "" "This chapter provides some best practices for Debian developers. All " "recommendations are merely that, and are not requirements or policy. These " "are just some subjective hints, advice and pointers collected from Debian " "developers. Feel free to pick and choose whatever works best for you." msgstr "" "Ce chapitre rassemble les meilleures pratiques pou rles mainteneurs Debian. " "La majorité de son contenu est constitué de recommandations plus que " "d'obligations. Il s'agit essentiellement d'informations subjectives, d'avis " "et de pointeurs, rassemblés par les développeurs Debian. Il est conseillé " "d'y choisir ce qui vous convient le mieux." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:24 msgid "Best practices for <filename>debian/rules</filename>" msgstr "Les meilleures pratiques pour le fichier <filename>debian/rules</filename>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:26 msgid "" "The following recommendations apply to the <filename>debian/rules</filename> " "file. Since <filename>debian/rules</filename> controls the build process " "and selects the files which go into the package (directly or indirectly), " "it's usually the file maintainers spend the most time on." msgstr "" "Les recommandations qui suivent s'appliquent au fichier <filename>debian/" "rules</filename>. Comme ce fichier contrôle le processus de construction des " "paquets et fait le choix des fichiers qui entreront dans ce paquet, " "directement ou indirectement, il s'agit du fichier dont les mainteneurs " "s'occupent généralement le plus." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:32 msgid "Helper scripts" msgstr "Scripts d'assistance" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:34 msgid "" "The rationale for using helper scripts in <filename>debian/rules</filename> " "is that they let maintainers use and share common logic among many " "packages. Take for instance the question of installing menu entries: you " "need to put the file into <filename>/usr/share/menu</filename> (or " "<filename>/usr/lib/menu</filename> for executable binary menufiles, if this " "is needed), and add commands to the maintainer scripts to register and " "unregister the menu entries. Since this is a very common thing for packages " "to do, why should each maintainer rewrite all this on their own, sometimes " "with bugs? Also, supposing the menu directory changed, every package would " "have to be changed." msgstr "" "La justification à l'utilisation de scripts d'assistance dans " "<filename>debian/rules</filename> est de permettre aux mainteneurs de " "définir puis utiliser une logique commune pour de nombreux paquets. Si on " "prend par exemple l'installaiton d'entrées de menu, il est nécessaire de " "placer le fichier dans <filename>/usr/lib/menu</filename> (ou <filename>/usr/" "lib/menu</filename> des fichiers de menu exécutables, s'il en existe), puis " "d'ajouter des commandes aux scripts des mainteneurs pour enregistrer ou " "désenregistrer les entrées de menu. Comme cette action est commune à de très " "nombreux paquets, pourquoi faudrait-il que chaque mainteneur ait à réécrire " "ses propres méthodes pour cela, bogues compris ? De plus, si jamais le " "répertoire des menus venait à changer, chaque paquet devrait être modifié." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:45 msgid "" "Helper scripts take care of these issues. Assuming you comply with the " "conventions expected by the helper script, the helper takes care of all the " "details. Changes in policy can be made in the helper script; then packages " "just need to be rebuilt with the new version of the helper and no other " "changes." msgstr "" "Les scripts d'assistance s'occupent de ce type de tâche. À condition d'être " "compatible avec les conventions utilisées par le script d'assistance, celui-" "ci s'occupe de tous les détails. Les modifications dans la charte peuvent " "alors être implémentées dans le script d'assistance et les paquets n'ont " "plus qu'à être reconstruits sans autre modification." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:52 msgid "" "<xref linkend=\"tools\"/> contains a couple of different helpers. The most " "common and best (in our opinion) helper system is <systemitem role=\"package" "\">debhelper</systemitem>. Previous helper systems, such as <systemitem " "role=\"package\">debmake</systemitem>, were monolithic: you couldn't pick " "and choose which part of the helper you found useful, but had to use the " "helper to do everything. <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</" "systemitem>, however, is a number of separate little <command>dh_*</command> " "programs. For instance, <command>dh_installman</command> installs and " "compresses man pages, <command>dh_installmenu</command> installs menu files, " "and so on. Thus, it offers enough flexibility to be able to use the little " "helper scripts, where useful, in conjunction with hand-crafted commands in " "<filename>debian/rules</filename>." msgstr "" "<xref linkend=\"tools\"/> contient un certain nombre d'assistants variés. Le " "système le plus répandu et (selon nous) le plus adapté est <systemitem role=" "\"package\">debhelper</systemitem>. Des systèmes antérieurs, tels que " "<systemitem role=\"package\">debmake</systemitem>, étaient monolithiques ; " "ils ne permettaient pas de choisir quelle partie de l'assistant serait " "utile, en obligeant à se servir de l'ensemble de l'assistant. A contrario, " "<systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem> est constitué d'un grand " "nombre de petits programmes <command>dh_*</command> différents. Par exemple, " "<command>dh_installman</command> installe et compresse les pages de manuel, " "<command>dh_installmenu</command> istalle les fichiers de menu, et ainsi de " "suite. En conséquence, il offre la possibilité d'utiliser certains des " "scripts d'assistance tout en conservant des commandes manuelles dans " "<filename>debian/rules</filename>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:66 msgid "" "You can get started with <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem> " "by reading <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debhelper</refentrytitle> " "<manvolnum>1</manvolnum> </citerefentry>, and looking at the examples that " "come with the package. <command>dh_make</command>, from the <systemitem " "role=\"package\">dh-make</systemitem> package (see <xref linkend=\"dh-make\"/" "> ), can be used to convert a vanilla source package to a <systemitem role=" "\"package\">debhelper</systemitem>ized package. This shortcut, though, " "should not convince you that you do not need to bother understanding the " "individual <command>dh_*</command> helpers. If you are going to use a " "helper, you do need to take the time to learn to use that helper, to learn " "its expectations and behavior." msgstr "" "Pour démarrer avec <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem>, il " "est conseillé de lire <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debhelper</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> et de consulter les " "exemples fournis avec le paquet. <command>dh_make</command>, fourni avec le " "paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">dh-make</systemitem> (voir <xref linkend=" "\"dh-make\"/> ) peut être utilisé pour convertir un paquet source originel " "en paquet géré par <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem>. " "Cette méthode rapide ne doit cependant pas se substituer à une compréhension " "individuelle des commandes <command>dh_*</command>. Si vous utilisez un " "assistant, vous devez prendre le temps de l'apprendre, pour comprendre ses " "besoins et son comportement." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:79 msgid "" "Some people feel that vanilla <filename>debian/rules</filename> files are " "better, since you don't have to learn the intricacies of any helper system. " "This decision is completely up to you. Use what works for you. Many " "examples of vanilla <filename>debian/rules</filename> files are available at " "<ulink url=\"&url-rules-files;\"></ulink>." msgstr "" "Certains mainteneurs pensent que l'utilisation de fichiers <filename>debian/" "rules</filename> sans assistants est préférable car elle évite d'avoir à " "apprendre les subtilité de ces systèmes d'assistance. Utiliser l'une ou " "l'autre méthode est un entièrement à la discrétion du mainteneur d'un paquet " "qui devrait utiliser la méthode qui lui convient le mieux. De nombreux " "exemples de fichiers <filename>debian/rules</filename> qui n'utilisent pas " "d'assistants sont disponibles à l'adresse <ulink url=\"&url-rules-files;\"></" "ulink>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:88 msgid "Separating your patches into multiple files" msgstr "Séparation des modifications (« patches ») en plusieurs fichiers" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:90 msgid "" "Big, complex packages may have many bugs that you need to deal with. If you " "correct a number of bugs directly in the source, and you're not careful, it " "can get hard to differentiate the various patches that you applied. It can " "get quite messy when you have to update the package to a new upstream " "version which integrates some of the fixes (but not all). You can't take " "the total set of diffs (e.g., from <filename>.diff.gz</filename>) and work " "out which patch sets to back out as a unit as bugs are fixed upstream." msgstr "" "Les paquets complexes ont souvent de nombreux bogues qui doivent être gérés " "par le mainteneur. Si certains de ces bogues sont corrigés par des " "modifications effectuées directement dans le code source, sans discernement, " "il peut devenir difficile de retrouver l'origine et la motivation de ces " "modifications. Cela peut également rendre bien plus complexe l'intégration " "d'une nouvelle version amont qui pourrait inclure certaines de ces " "modifications (mais pas toutes). Il est en effet alors quasiment impossible " "de reprendre le jeu initial de changements (p. ex. dans le fichier " "<filename>.diff.gz</filename>) et supprimer ceux qui correspondent à des " "correctifs appliqués par le mainteneur amont." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:99 msgid "" "Unfortunately, the packaging system as such currently doesn't provide for " "separating the patches into several files. Nevertheless, there are ways to " "separate patches: the patch files are shipped within the Debian patch file " "(<filename>.diff.gz</filename>), usually within the <filename>debian/</" "filename> directory. The only difference is that they aren't applied " "immediately by dpkg-source, but by the <literal>build</literal> rule of " "<filename>debian/rules</filename>. Conversely, they are reverted in the " "<literal>clean</literal> rule." msgstr "" "Malheureusement, le système de gestion des paquets ne permet pas " "actuellement, tel quel, de séparer les correctif en plusieurs fichiers. " "Cependant, il existe des méthodes permettant d'individualiser les correctifs " "dans le fichier général de correctifs Debian (<filename>.diff.gz</" "filename>), en général à l'intérieur du répertoire <filename>debian/</" "filename>. La seule différence est que ces correctifs ne sont pas appliqués " "par dpkg-source mais par la règle <literal>build</literal> de " "<filename>debian/rules</filename>. À l'inverse, les correctifs sont retirés " "par la règle <literal>clean</literal>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:109 msgid "" "<command>dbs</command> is one of the more popular approaches to this. It " "does all of the above, and provides a facility for creating new and updating " "old patches. See the package <systemitem role=\"package\">dbs</systemitem> " "for more information and <systemitem role=\"package\">hello-dbs</systemitem> " "for an example." msgstr "" "<command>dbs</command> est une des méthodes populaires pour ce besoin. Il " "effectue l'ensemble des actiosn mentionnées précédemment et offre la " "possibilité de créer de nouveaux correctifs ou en adapter des existants. " "Veuillez regarder le paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">dbs</systemitem> " "pour plus d'informations et <systemitem role=\"package\">hello-dbs</" "systemitem> pour un exemple d'utilisation." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:116 msgid "" "<command>dpatch</command> also provides these facilities, but it's intended " "to be even easier to use. See the package <systemitem role=\"package" "\">dpatch</systemitem> for documentation and examples (in <filename>/usr/" "share/doc/dpatch</filename>)." msgstr "" "<command>dpatch</command> a également le même objectif mais se veut être " "plus simple à utiliser. Veuillez cosulter la documentation du paquet " "<systemitem role=\"package\">dpatch</systemitem> ainsi que les exemples " "fournis (dans <filename>/usr/share/doc/dpatch</filename>)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:124 msgid "Multiple binary packages" msgstr "Paquets binaires multiples" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:126 msgid "" "A single source package will often build several binary packages, either to " "provide several flavors of the same software (e.g., the <systemitem role=" "\"package\">vim</systemitem> source package) or to make several small " "packages instead of a big one (e.g., so the user can install only the subset " "needed, and thus save some disk space)." msgstr "" "A seul paquet source créera souvent plusieurs paquets binaires, soit pour " "fournir plusieurs variantes du même logiciels (p. ex. le paquet source " "<systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem>) ou pour répartir les fichiers " "en plusieurs paquets plus petits au lieu d'un seul paquet monolithique (ce " "qui peut permettre à un utilisateur de d'installer que les éléments " "nécessaires et donc préserver l'espace disque)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:133 msgid "" "The second case can be easily managed in <filename>debian/rules</filename>. " "You just need to move the appropriate files from the build directory into " "the package's temporary trees. You can do this using <command>install</" "command> or <command>dh_install</command> from <systemitem role=\"package" "\">debhelper</systemitem>. Be sure to check the different permutations of " "the various packages, ensuring that you have the inter-package dependencies " "set right in <filename>debian/control</filename>." msgstr "" "Le second cas est simple à gérer dans le fichier <filename>debian/rules</" "filename>. Il suffit de déplacer les fichiers nécessaires depuis le " "répertoire de construction vers l'arborescence temporaire du paquet. Cela " "peut se faire avec les commandes <command>install</command> ou " "<command>dh_install</command> du paquet <systemitem role=\"package" "\">debhelper</systemitem>. Veillez alors à contrôler les différentes " "permutations des paquets, afin de pouvoir indiquer les dépendances inter-" "paquets appropriées dans <filename>debian/control</filename>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:142 msgid "" "The first case is a bit more difficult since it involves multiple recompiles " "of the same software but with different configuration options. The " "<systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem> source package is an example " "of how to manage this using an hand-crafted <filename>debian/rules</" "filename> file." msgstr "" "Le premier cas est plus délicat à gérer car il implique des recompilations " "multiples du même logiciel avec différentes options de configuration. Le " "paquet source <systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem> en est un " "exemple, avec la gestion manuelle de l'ensemble des actions dans le fichier " "<filename>debian/rules</filename> géré manuellement." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:154 msgid "Best practices for <filename>debian/control</filename>" msgstr "Mailleures pratiques pour <filename>debian/control</filename>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:156 msgid "" "The following practices are relevant to the <filename>debian/control</" "filename> file. They supplement the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-" "binary.html#s-descriptions\">Policy on package descriptions</ulink>." msgstr "" "Les conseils qui suivent sont destinés au fichier <filename>debian/control</" "filename>. Ils complètent la <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-binary." "html#s-descriptions\">Charte Debian</ulink> pour ce qui concerne les " "descriptions de paquets." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:162 msgid "" "The description of the package, as defined by the corresponding field in the " "<filename>control</filename> file, contains both the package synopsis and " "the long description for the package. <xref linkend=\"bpp-desc-basics\"/> " "describes common guidelines for both parts of the package description. " "Following that, <xref linkend=\"bpp-pkg-synopsis\"/> provides guidelines " "specific to the synopsis, and <xref linkend=\"bpp-pkg-desc\"/> contains " "guidelines specific to the description." msgstr "" "La description d'un paquet telle que définie par le champ correspondant du " "fichier <filename>control</filename>, comprend à la fois le résumé et la " "description longue du paquet. <xref linkend=\"bpp-desc-basics\"/> donne des " "indications communes à ces deux parties, <xref linkend=\"bpp-pkg-synopsis\"/" "> donne des indications spécifiques pour le résumé et <xref linkend=\"bpp-" "pkg-desc\"/> donne des indications pour la description." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:171 msgid "General guidelines for package descriptions" msgstr "Conseils généraux pour les descriptions de paquets" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:173 msgid "" "The package description should be written for the average likely user, the " "average person who will use and benefit from the package. For instance, " "development packages are for developers, and can be technical in their " "language. More general-purpose applications, such as editors, should be " "written for a less technical user." msgstr "" "La description d'un paquet doit être écrite pour son utilisateur moyen, " "c'est à dire la personne qui utilisera et tirera profit du paquet. Par " "exemple, les paquets de développement sont destinés aux développeurs et leur " "description peut comporter des détails techniques alors que les applications " "d'usage plus général, tels que les éditeurs, doivent avoir une description " "accessible à tout utilisateur." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:180 msgid "" "Our review of package descriptions lead us to conclude that most package " "descriptions are technical, that is, are not written to make sense for non-" "technical users. Unless your package really is only for technical users, " "this is a problem." msgstr "" "Un examen général des description de paquets tend à montrer que la plupart " "d'entre elles ont une orientation fortement technique et ne sont donc pas " "destinées à l'utilisateur moyen. Sauf dans le cas de paquets destinés à des " "spécialistes, cela doit être considéré comme un problème." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:186 msgid "" "How do you write for non-technical users? Avoid jargon. Avoid referring to " "other applications or frameworks that the user might not be familiar with — " "GNOME or KDE is fine, since users are probably familiar with these terms, " "but GTK+ is probably not. Try not to assume any knowledge at all. If you " "must use technical terms, introduce them." msgstr "" "Une des recommendations pour rester accessibles à tout utilisateur est " "d'éviter l'utilisation de jargon. Il est déconseillé de faire référence à " "des applications ou environnements qui pourraient être inconnus de " "l'utilisateur : parler de GNOME ou KDE est correct, car la plupart des " "utilisateurs sont familiers avec ces termes mais parler de GTK+ ne l'est " "pas. Il est préférable de supposer que le lecteur n'aura pas de connaissance " "du sujet et, si des termes techniques doivent être utilisés, ils doivent " "être expliqués." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:193 msgid "" "Be objective. Package descriptions are not the place for advocating your " "package, no matter how much you love it. Remember that the reader may not " "care about the same things you care about." msgstr "" "Il est conseillé de rester objectif. Les descriptions de paquets ne sont pas " "une plaquette publicitaire, quelles que soient vos opinions personnelles. Le " "lecteur peut très bien ne pas avoir les mêmes centres d'intérêt que vous." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:198 msgid "" "References to the names of any other software packages, protocol names, " "standards, or specifications should use their canonical forms, if one " "exists. For example, use X Window System, X11, or X; not X Windows, X-" "Windows, or X Window. Use GTK+, not GTK or gtk. Use GNOME, not Gnome. Use " "PostScript, not Postscript or postscript." msgstr "" "Les références aux noms d'autres logiciels, de protocoles, normes ou " "spécifications doivent utiliser leur forme canonique si elle existe. Par " "exemple, utilisez « X Window System », « X11 » ou « X » mais pas « X Windows », " "« X-Windows », ou « X Window ». Utilisez « GTK+ » et non « GTK » ou « gtk », " "« GNOME » et non « Gnome », « PostScript » et non « Postscript » ou " "« postscript »." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:205 msgid "" "If you are having problems writing your description, you may wish to send it " "along to &email-debian-l10n-english; and request feedback." msgstr "" "Si vous rencontrez des difficultés pour écrire la description d'un paquet, " "vous pouvez demander de l'aide ou une relecture sur &email-debian-l10n-" "english;." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:211 msgid "The package synopsis, or short description" msgstr "Le résumé, ou description courte, d'un paquet" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:213 msgid "" "The synopsis line (the short description) should be concise. It must not " "repeat the package's name (this is policy)." msgstr "" "La ligne de résumé (la description courte) doit être concise. Elle ne doit " "pas répéter le nom du paquet (cela est imposé par la Charte)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:217 msgid "" "It's a good idea to think of the synopsis as an appositive clause, not a " "full sentence. An appositive clause is defined in WordNet as a grammatical " "relation between a word and a noun phrase that follows, e.g., Rudolph the " "red-nosed reindeer. The appositive clause here is red-nosed reindeer. " "Since the synopsis is a clause, rather than a full sentence, we recommend " "that it neither start with a capital nor end with a full stop (period). It " "should also not begin with an article, either definite (the) or indefinite " "(a or an)." msgstr "" "Il est conseillé de voir le résumé comme un « clause appositive » (NdT : il " "s'agit d'un terme syntaxique en anglais) et pas comme une phrase complète. " "Une clause appositive est définie par WordNet comme la relation grammaticale " "entre un nom et une phrase nomilae qui le suit. Par exemple, « Rudolph the " "red-nosed reindeer ». La clause appositive ici est « red-nosed reindeer ». " "Comme le résumé est une telle clause et non une phrase, il ne doit donc pas " "commencer par une majuscule ni se terminer par un point. Il ne doit " "également pas commencer par un article défini (« the ») ou indéfini (« a » ou " "« an »)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:226 msgid "" "It might help to imagine that the synopsis is combined with the package name " "in the following way:" msgstr "" "Un moyen commode est d'imaginer que le résumé est combiné avec le nom du " "paquet de la façon suivante (NdT : certaines parties volontairement non " "traduites car ces exemples s'appliquent à la langue anglaise) :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "<replaceable>package-name</replaceable> is a <replaceable>synopsis</replaceable>.\n" msgstr "" "\n" "<replaceable>nom-du-paquet</replaceable> is a <replaceable>résumé</replaceable>.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:233 msgid "Alternatively, it might make sense to think of it as" msgstr "Il est également possible de visualiser l'ensemble sous la forme" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:235 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "<replaceable>package-name</replaceable> is <replaceable>synopsis</replaceable>.\n" msgstr "" "\n" "<replaceable>nom-du-paquet</replaceable> is <replaceable>résumé</replaceable>.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:239 msgid "or, if the package name itself is a plural (such as developers-tools)" msgstr "" "ou, si le nom du paquet est lui-même une forme plurielle (par exemple " "developers-tools)" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:241 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "<replaceable>package-name</replaceable> are <replaceable>synopsis</replaceable>.\n" msgstr "" "\n" "<replaceable>nom du paquet</replaceable> are <replaceable>résumé</replaceable>.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:245 msgid "" "This way of forming a sentence from the package name and synopsis should be " "considered as a heuristic and not a strict rule. There are some cases where " "it doesn't make sense to try to form a sentence." msgstr "" "Cette méthode permettant de créer une phrase à partir du nom du paquet et de " "sa description courte doit être considérée comme une heuristique et non une " "règle stricte. Dans certains cas, former une phrase n'aura aucun sens." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:252 msgid "The long description" msgstr "La description longue" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:254 msgid "" "The long description is the primary information available to the user about " "a package before they install it. It should provide all the information " "needed to let the user decide whether to install the package. Assume that " "the user has already read the package synopsis." msgstr "" "La description longue est l'information principale disponible pour les " "utilisateurs avant qu'ils ne décident d'installer un paquet. Elle doit " "fournir toute l'information nécessaire pour détermienr si le paquet doit " "être installé. Elle complète le résumé qui est donc supposé avoir été lu " "précédemment." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:260 msgid "The long description should consist of full and complete sentences." msgstr "La description longue est constituée de phrases complètes." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:263 msgid "" "The first paragraph of the long description should answer the following " "questions: what does the package do? what task does it help the user " "accomplish? It is important to describe this in a non-technical way, unless " "of course the audience for the package is necessarily technical." msgstr "" "Le premier paragraphe de cette description devrait tenter de répondre aux " "questions suivantes : que fait ce paquet ? Dans quelle tâche aidera-t-il " "l'utilisateur ? Il est important que cette description se fasse de la " "manière la moins technique possible, sauf si le public auquel est destiné le " "paquet est par définition technique." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:269 msgid "" "The following paragraphs should answer the following questions: Why do I as " "a user need this package? What other features does the package have? What " "outstanding features and deficiencies are there compared to other packages " "(e.g., if you need X, use Y instead)? Is this package related to other " "packages in some way that is not handled by the package manager (e.g., this " "is the client for the foo server)?" msgstr "" "Les paragraphes suivants devraient répondre aux questions : pourquoi, en " "tant qu'utilisateur, ai-je besoin de ce paquet ? Quelles autres " "fonctionnalités ce paquet apporte-t-il ? Quelles fonctionnalités et défauts " "comporte-t-il par rapport à d'autres paquets (p. ex., « si vous avez besoin " "de X, utilisez plutôt Y ») ? Ce paquet est-il lié à d'autres paquets d'une " "manière non gérée par le système de gestion des paquets (p. ex., « ceci est " "le client destiné au serveur toto ») ?" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:277 msgid "" "Be careful to avoid spelling and grammar mistakes. Ensure that you spell-" "check it. Both <command>ispell</command> and <command>aspell</command> have " "special modes for checking <filename>debian/control</filename> files:" msgstr "" "Veillez à éviter les erreurs d'orthographe et de grammaire. Vérifier " "l'orthographe avec un outil adapté. Les deux programmes <command>ispell</" "command> et <command>aspell</command> comportent un mode spécial permettant " "de contrôler un fichier <filename>debian/control</filename> files :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:281 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "ispell -d american -g debian/control\n" msgstr "" "\n" "ispell -d american -g debian/control\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:284 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "aspell -d en -D -c debian/control\n" msgstr "" "\n" "aspell -d en -D -c debian/control\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:288 msgid "" "Users usually expect these questions to be answered in the package " "description:" msgstr "" "Les utilisateurs attente en général des descriptions de paquets les réponses " "aux questions suivantes :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:293 msgid "" "What does the package do? If it is an add-on to another package, then the " "short description of the package we are an add-on to should be put in here." msgstr "" "Que fait ce paquet ? S'il s'agit d'un additif à un autre paquet, la " "description de cet autre paquet doit y être reprise." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:299 msgid "" "Why should I want this package? This is related to the above, but not the " "same (this is a mail user agent; this is cool, fast, interfaces with PGP and " "LDAP and IMAP, has features X, Y, and Z)." msgstr "" "Pourquoi ai-je besoin de ce paquet ? Cela est lié à la remarque précédente, " "de manière différente : ceci est un agent utilisateur pour le courrier " "électronique, avec une interface répide et pratique vers PGP, LDAP et IMAP " "et les fonctionnalités X, Y ou Z." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:306 msgid "" "If this package should not be installed directly, but is pulled in by " "another package, this should be mentioned." msgstr "" "Si ce paquet ne doit pas être installé seul, mais est installé avec un autre " "paquet, cela devrait être mentionné." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:312 msgid "" "If the package is <literal>experimental</literal>, or there are other " "reasons it should not be used, if there are other packages that should be " "used instead, it should be here as well." msgstr "" "Si le paquet est <literal>expérimental</literal> ou ne doit pas être utilisé " "pour toute autre raison et que d'autres paquets doivent être utilisés à la " "place, cela doit également être mentionné." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:319 msgid "" "How is this package different from the competition? Is it a better " "implementation? more features? different features? Why should I choose this " "package." msgstr "" "En quoi ce paquet diffère-t-il de ses concurrents ? Est-il une meilleure " "implémentation ? A-t-il plus de focntionnalités ? Des fonctionnalités " "différentes ? Pourquoi devrais-je choisir ce paquet ?" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:332 msgid "Upstream home page" msgstr "Page d'accueil amont" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:334 msgid "" "We recommend that you add the URL for the package's home page in the " "<literal>Homepage</literal> field of the <literal>Source</literal> section " "in <filename>debian/control</filename>. Adding this information in the " "package description itself is considered deprecated." msgstr "" "Il est recommandé d'ajouter l'URL d'accès à la page d'accueil du paquet dans " "le champ <literal>Homepage</literal> de la section <literal>Source</" "literal>du fichier <filename>debian/control</filename>. L'ajout de cette " "information à la description même du paquet est une pratique considérée " "comme obsolète." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:342 msgid "Version Control System location" msgstr "Emplacement du système de gestion de versions" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:344 msgid "" "There are additional fields for the location of the Version Control System " "in <filename>debian/control</filename>." msgstr "" "Des champs supplémentaires permettent d'indiquer l'emplacement du système de " "gestion de versions dans <filename>debian/control</filename>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:348 msgid "Vcs-Browser" msgstr "Vcs-Browser" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:350 msgid "" "Value of this field should be a <literal>http://</literal> URL pointing to a " "web-browsable copy of the Version Control System repository used to maintain " "the given package, if available." msgstr "" "La valeur de ce champ doit être une URL <literal>http://</literal> pointant " "sur la copie navigable par le web du dépôt de gestion de versions utilisé " "pour la maintenance du paquet, s'il est disponible." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:355 msgid "" "The information is meant to be useful for the final user, willing to browse " "the latest work done on the package (e.g. when looking for the patch fixing " "a bug tagged as <literal>pending</literal> in the bug tracking system)." msgstr "" "Cette information est destinée à l'utilisateur final qui voudrait parcourir " "le travail en cours sur le paquet (p. ex. à la recherche d'un correctif qui " "corrige un bogue marqué <literal>pending</literal> dans le système de suivi " "des bogues." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:362 msgid "Vcs-*" msgstr "Vcs-*" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:364 msgid "" "Value of this field should be a string identifying unequivocally the " "location of the Version Control System repository used to maintain the given " "package, if available. <literal>*</literal> identify the Version Control " "System; currently the following systems are supported by the package " "tracking system: <literal>arch</literal>, <literal>bzr</literal> (Bazaar), " "<literal>cvs</literal>, <literal>darcs</literal>, <literal>git</literal>, " "<literal>hg</literal> (Mercurial), <literal>mtn</literal> (Monotone), " "<literal>svn</literal> (Subversion). It is allowed to specify different VCS " "fields for the same package: they will all be shown in the PTS web interface." msgstr "" "La valeur de ce champ doit être une chaîne identifiant sans équivoque " "l'emplacement du dépôt de gestion de versions utilisé pour la maintenance de " "ce paquet, s'il est disponible. <literal>*</literal> doit être rempalcé par " "le système de gestion de versions. Les systèmes suivants sont actuellement " "gérés par le système de suivi des paquets : <literal>arch</literal>, " "<literal>bzr</literal> (Bazaar), <literal>cvs</literal>, <literal>darcs</" "literal>, <literal>git</literal>, <literal>hg</literal> (Mercurial), " "<literal>mtn</literal> (Monotone), <literal>svn</literal> (Subversion). Il " "est possible d'indiquer plusieurs champs VCS pour le même paquet : ils " "seront alors tous mentionnés dans l'interface web du système de suivi des " "paquets." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:375 msgid "" "The information is meant to be useful for a user knowledgeable in the given " "Version Control System and willing to build the current version of a package " "from the VCS sources. Other uses of this information might include " "automatic building of the latest VCS version of the given package. To this " "end the location pointed to by the field should better be version agnostic " "and point to the main branch (for VCSs supporting such a concept). Also, " "the location pointed to should be accessible to the final user; fulfilling " "this requirement might imply pointing to an anonymous access of the " "repository instead of pointing to an SSH-accessible version of the same." msgstr "" "Cette information est destiné aux utilisateurs qui ont une connaissance " "suffisante du système de gestion de versions et qui veulent construire une " "version à jour du paquet depuis les sources du système de suivi. Une autre " "utilisation possible de cette information pourrait être la construction " "automatique de la dernière version, dans le système de suivi, d'un paquet " "donné. À cet effet, l'emplacement pointé devrait éviter d'être lié à une " "version spécifique et pointer vers la branche principale de développemnt " "(pour les systèmes qui ont un tel concept). De plus, l'emplacement indiqué " "doit être accessible à l'utilisateur final, par exemple en indiquant une " "adresse d'accès snonyme au dépôt, plutôt qu'une version accessible par SSH." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:386 msgid "" "In the following example, an instance of the field for a Subversion " "repository of the <systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem> package is " "shown. Note how the URL is in the <literal>svn://</literal> scheme (instead " "of <literal>svn+ssh://</literal>) and how it points to the <filename>trunk/</" "filename> branch. The use of the <literal>Vcs-Browser</literal> and " "<literal>Homepage</literal> fields described above is also shown." msgstr "" "L'exemple qui suit montre une instance de ce champ pour un dépôt Subversion " "du paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem>. Veuillez noter que " "l'URL a la forme <literal>svn://</literal> (au lieu de <literal>svn+ssh://</" "literal>) et pointe sur la branche <filename>trunk/</filename>. Une " "utilisation des champs <literal>Vcs-Browser</literal> et <literal>Homepage</" "literal>, décrits précédemments, est aussi indiquée." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:394 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " Source: vim\n" " Section: editors\n" " Priority: optional\n" " <snip>\n" " Vcs-Svn: svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-vim/trunk/packages/vim\n" " Vcs-Browser: http://svn.debian.org/wsvn/pkg-vim/trunk/packages/vim\n" " Homepage: http://www.vim.org\n" msgstr "" "\n" " Source: vim\n" " Section: editors\n" " Priority: optional\n" " <snip>\n" " Vcs-Svn: svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-vim/trunk/packages/vim\n" " Vcs-Browser: http://svn.debian.org/wsvn/pkg-vim/trunk/packages/vim\n" " Homepage: http://www.vim.org\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:410 msgid "Best practices for <filename>debian/changelog</filename>" msgstr "Meilleures pratiques pour <filename>debian/changelog</filename>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:412 msgid "" "The following practices supplement the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-" "docs.html#s-changelogs\">Policy on changelog files</ulink>." msgstr "" "Les indications de cette partie complètent la <ulink url=\"&url-debian-" "policy;ch-docs.html#s-changelogs\">Charte Debian pour ce qui concerne les " "fichiers de journaux de changements (« changelog »)</ulink>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:417 msgid "Writing useful changelog entries" msgstr "Écrire des entrées de journalisation utiles" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:419 msgid "" "The changelog entry for a package revision documents changes in that " "revision, and only them. Concentrate on describing significant and user-" "visible changes that were made since the last version." msgstr "" "La document de suivi des modifications ( « changelog ») documente uniquement " "les changement intervenus dans la version courante. Il est suggéré de mettre " "l'accent sur les modifications visibles ou affectant potentiellement les " "utilisateurs, réalisées depuis la version précédente." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:424 msgid "" "Focus on <emphasis>what</emphasis> was changed — who, how and when are " "usually less important. Having said that, remember to politely attribute " "people who have provided notable help in making the package (e.g., those who " "have sent in patches)." msgstr "" "Il est conseillé de mettre l'accent sur <emphasis>ce</emphasis> qui a été " "modifié, plutôt que comment, par qui et quand elle a été réalisée.Cela dit, " "il est conseillé, par courtoisie, d'indiquer les auteurs qui ont apporté une " "aide significative à la maintenance du paquet (p. ex. lorsque ces personnes " "ont envoyé des correctifs)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:430 msgid "" "There's no need to elaborate the trivial and obvious changes. You can also " "aggregate several changes in one entry. On the other hand, don't be overly " "terse if you have undertaken a major change. Be especially clear if there " "are changes that affect the behaviour of the program. For further " "explanations, use the <filename>README.Debian</filename> file." msgstr "" "Il n'est pas indispensable d'indiquer les détails des modifications " "triviales. Il est également possible de grouper plusieurs modifications sur " "une même entrée. Cependant, évitez une documentation trop concise pour les " "modifications majeures. Il est particulièrement conseillé d'être très clair " "sur les modifications qui affectent le comportement du programme. Pour des " "explications plus détaillées, vous pouvez aussi utiliser le fichier " "<filename>README.Debian</filename>. " # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:437 msgid "" "Use common English so that the majority of readers can comprehend it. Avoid " "abbreviations, tech-speak and jargon when explaining changes that close " "bugs, especially for bugs filed by users that did not strike you as " "particularly technically savvy. Be polite, don't swear." msgstr "" "Utilisez un anglais simple que la majorité des lecteurs puissent comprendre. " "Évitez les abréviations et le jargon technique lorsque des modifications " "permettent la clôture de bogues. Cel est vrai notamment quand vous pensez " "que les utilisateurs qui les ont envoyés n'ont pas de connaissances " "techniques importantes. Une formulation polie est à préférer et la vulgarité " "à prohiber." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:443 msgid "" "It is sometimes desirable to prefix changelog entries with the names of the " "files that were changed. However, there's no need to explicitly list each " "and every last one of the changed files, especially if the change was small " "or repetitive. You may use wildcards." msgstr "" "Il est parfois souhaitable de faire précéder les entrées du journal des " "modifications par les noms des fichiers modifiés. Cependant, rien n'oblige à " "mentionner le moindre fichier modifié, notamment si la modification est " "simple ou répétitive. L'utilisation de caractères joker est possible." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:449 msgid "" "When referring to bugs, don't assume anything. Say what the problem was, " "how it was fixed, and append the closes: #nnnnn string. See <xref linkend=" "\"upload-bugfix\"/> for more information." msgstr "" "Ne faites pas de suppositions lorsque vous faites référence à un bogue. " "Indiquez quel était le problème, comment il a été corrigé et ajoutez la " "chaîne closes: #nnnnn. Veuillez consulter <xref linkend=\"upload-bugfix\"/> " "pour plus d'informations." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:456 msgid "Common misconceptions about changelog entries" msgstr "Erreur communes pour les entrées de journaux de modifications" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:458 msgid "" "The changelog entries should <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</emphasis> " "document generic packaging issues (Hey, if you're looking for foo.conf, it's " "in /etc/blah/.), since administrators and users are supposed to be at least " "remotely acquainted with how such things are generally arranged on Debian " "systems. Do, however, mention if you change the location of a configuration " "file." msgstr "" "Les entrée de journal des modifications ne devraient <emphasis role=\"strong" "\">pas</emphasis> documenter les points spécifiques de la réalisation du " "paquet (« si vous cherchez le fichief toto.conf, il est situé dans /etc/" "titi ») car les administateurs et les utilisateurs sont censés avoir " "l'habitude de la façon dont ces aspects sont traités sur un système Debian. " "Pensez, par contre, à documenter la modification de l'emplacement d'un " "fichier de configuration." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:466 msgid "" "The only bugs closed with a changelog entry should be those that are " "actually fixed in the same package revision. Closing unrelated bugs in the " "changelog is bad practice. See <xref linkend=\"upload-bugfix\"/> ." msgstr "" "Les seuls bogues fermés par une entrée de journal de modifications devraient " "être ceux qui sont corrigés par la version correspondante du paquet. Fermer " "de cette manière des bogues qui n'ont aucun rapport avec la nouvelle version " "est considéré comme une mavaise habitude. Veuillez consulter <xref linkend=" "\"upload-bugfix\"/> ." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:471 msgid "" "The changelog entries should <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</emphasis> be " "used for random discussion with bug reporters (I don't see segfaults when " "starting foo with option bar; send in more info), general statements on " "life, the universe and everything (sorry this upload took me so long, but I " "caught the flu), or pleas for help (the bug list on this package is huge, " "please lend me a hand). Such things usually won't be noticed by their " "target audience, but may annoy people who wish to read information about " "actual changes in the package. See <xref linkend=\"bug-answering\"/> for " "more information on how to use the bug tracking system." msgstr "" "Les entrées du journal des modifications ne devraient <emphasis role=\"strong" "\">pas</emphasis> être utilisées pour des discussions variées avec les " "émetteurs des rapports de bogues (p. ex. : « je n'ai pas d'erreur de " "segmentation quand je lance toto avec l'option titi, merci d'envoyer plus " "d'informations »). De même, les considérations générales sur la vie, " "l'univers et le reste (« désolé, cet envoi m'a pris plus longtemps que prévu, " "mais j'avais un rhume ») ou encore des demandes d'aide (« la liste de bogues " "de ce paquet est très longue, merci de me donner un coup de main ») sont à " "éviter. Ces mentions ne seront généralement pas remarquées par leur public " "potentiel et peuvent ennuyer les personnes qui cherchent à lire les " "modifications encours du paquet. Veuillez vous reporter à <xref linkend=" "\"bug-answering\"/> pour plus d'informations sur l'utilisation du système de " "gestion des bogues." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:482 msgid "" "It is an old tradition to acknowledge bugs fixed in non-maintainer uploads " "in the first changelog entry of the proper maintainer upload. As we have " "version tracking now, it is enough to keep the NMUed changelog entries and " "just mention this fact in your own changelog entry." msgstr "" "Une tradition assez ancienne veut que les bogues fixés dans les NMU soient " "acquittés dans la première entrée du journal des modification d'une nouvelle " "version construite par le mainteneur. Depuis l'existence du suivi de version " "pour le système de gestion de bogues, cette pratique est obsolète à " "condition de conserver les entrées du journal des modification des NMUs. Il " "est éventuellement possible de simplement mentionner les NMUs dans votre " "propre entrée de journal des modifications." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:490 msgid "Common errors in changelog entries" msgstr "Erreurs usuelles dans les entrées du journal des modifications" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:492 msgid "" "The following examples demonstrate some common errors or examples of bad " "style in changelog entries." msgstr "" "Les exemples suivants sont des erreurs usuelles ou des exemples de mauvaises " "pratiques dans le style des entrées de journaux de modifications (NdT : le " "texte est volontairement laissé non traduit)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:495 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Fixed all outstanding bugs.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Fixed all outstanding bugs.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:499 msgid "This doesn't tell readers anything too useful, obviously." msgstr "Cela ne donne évidemment aucune indication au lecteur." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:501 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Applied patch from Jane Random.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Applied patch from Jane Random.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:505 msgid "What was the patch about?" msgstr "Que faisait ce correctif ?" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:507 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Late night install target overhaul.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Late night install target overhaul.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:511 msgid "" "Overhaul which accomplished what? Is the mention of late night supposed to " "remind us that we shouldn't trust that code?" msgstr "" "Qu'est-ce que cela a amené ? Est-ce que la mention du fait que cela ait été " "fait tard la nuit doit nous alerter sur la probable mauvaise qualité du " "code ?" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:514 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Fix vsync FU w/ ancient CRTs.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Fix vsync FU w/ ancient CRTs.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:518 msgid "" "Too many acronyms, and it's not overly clear what the, uh, fsckup (oops, a " "curse word!) was actually about, or how it was fixed." msgstr "" "Trop d'acronymes qui rendent difficile de savoir ce qu'était le " "« merdoyage » (NdT : FU signifie « fsckup », donc cet exemple ajoute la " "vulgarité à l'incompréhensibilité) ou comment il a été corrigé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:521 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * This is not a bug, closes: #nnnnnn.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * This is not a bug, closes: #nnnnnn.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:525 msgid "" "First of all, there's absolutely no need to upload the package to convey " "this information; instead, use the bug tracking system. Secondly, there's " "no explanation as to why the report is not a bug." msgstr "" "Il est inutile de faire un nouvel envoi de paquet pour envoyer cette " "information. Il suffit de simplement utiliser le système de suivi des " "bogues. De plus, aucune explication n'est donnée sur les raisons qui font " "que le problème n'est pas un bogue." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:529 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Has been fixed for ages, but I forgot to close; closes: #54321.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Has been fixed for ages, but I forgot to close; closes: #54321.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:533 msgid "" "If for some reason you didn't mention the bug number in a previous changelog " "entry, there's no problem, just close the bug normally in the BTS. There's " "no need to touch the changelog file, presuming the description of the fix is " "already in (this applies to the fixes by the upstream authors/maintainers as " "well, you don't have to track bugs that they fixed ages ago in your " "changelog)." msgstr "" "Si, pour une raison donnée, vous avez omis de mentionner un numéro de bogue " "dans une entrée précédente, il n'y a pas de problèmes : il suffit de " "clôturer le bogue normalement dans le système de suivi des bogues. Il est " "inutile de changer le journal des modifications si on suppose que les " "explications sur la correction du bogue sont dans le bogue lui-même (cela " "s'applique également au suivi des bogues des auteurs amont : il est inutile " "de suivre, dans le journal des modifications, les bogues qu'ils ont corrigés " "depuis longtemps)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:539 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Closes: #12345, #12346, #15432\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Closes: #12345, #12346, #15432\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:543 msgid "" "Where's the description? If you can't think of a descriptive message, start " "by inserting the title of each different bug." msgstr "" "Où est la description ?Si vous ne trouvez pas de message suffisamment " "explicite, vous pouvez au moins utiliser le titre du rapport de bogue." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:549 msgid "Supplementing changelogs with NEWS.Debian files" msgstr "Compléter les journaux de modifications avec des fichiers NEWS.Debian" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:551 msgid "" "Important news about changes in a package can also be put in <filename> NEWS." "Debian</filename> files. The news will be displayed by tools like apt-" "listchanges, before all the rest of the changelogs. This is the preferred " "means to let the user know about significant changes in a package. It is " "better than using debconf notes since it is less annoying and the user can " "go back and refer to the <filename> NEWS.Debian</filename> file after the " "install. And it's better than listing major changes in <filename>README." "Debian</filename>, since the user can easily miss such notes." msgstr "" "Les nouvelles importantes sur les modifications survenues dans un paquet " "peuvent êre palcées dans des fichiers <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename>. Ces " "nouvelles seront arrichées par des outils tels que apt-listchanges, avant " "tout le reste des modifications. Cette méthode est à privilégier pour " "diffuser aux utilisateurs d'un paquet les modifications importantes qu'il " "subit. Il est préférable de l'utiliser plutôt que des notes debconf car ce " "système permet de revenir lire les fichiers <filename> NEWS.Debian</" "filename> après l'installation alors qu'un utilisateur peut assez facilement " "ne pas remarquer l'affichage d'une note debconf (Ndt : a contrario, les " "fichiers <filename> NEWS.Debian</filename> ne peuvent être traduits)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:562 msgid "" "The file format is the same as a debian changelog file, but leave off the " "asterisks and describe each news item with a full paragraph when necessary " "rather than the more concise summaries that would go in a changelog. It's a " "good idea to run your file through <literal>dpkg-parsechangelog</literal> to " "check its formatting as it will not be automatically checked during build as " "the changelog is. Here is an example of a real <filename>NEWS.Debian </" "filename> file:" msgstr "" "Le format de ce fichier est analogue à un journal de modifications Debian, " "mais n'utilise pas d'astérisques et chaque entrée utilise un paragraphe " "complet plutôt que les mentions succinctes qui prendraient pas dans le " "journal des modifications. Il est conseillé de traiter le fichier avec " "<literal>dpkg-parsechangelog</literal>, ce qui permet d'en vérifier la mise " "en forme, car il ne sera pas automatiquement modifié pendant la construction " "du paquet, au contraire du journal des modifications. Voici un exemple d'un " "fichier <filename>NEWS.Debian </filename> réel :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:570 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "cron (3.0pl1-74) unstable; urgency=low\n" "\n" " The checksecurity script is no longer included with the cron package:\n" " it now has its own package, checksecurity. If you liked the\n" " functionality provided with that script, please install the new\n" " package.\n" "\n" " -- Steve Greenland <stevegr@debian.org> Sat, 6 Sep 2003 17:15:03 -0500\n" msgstr "" "\n" "cron (3.0pl1-74) unstable; urgency=low\n" "\n" " The checksecurity script is no longer included with the cron package:\n" " it now has its own package, checksecurity. If you liked the\n" " functionality provided with that script, please install the new\n" " package.\n" "\n" " -- Steve Greenland <stevegr@debian.org> Sat, 6 Sep 2003 17:15:03 -0500\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:581 msgid "" "The <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> file is installed as <filename> /usr/" "share/doc/<replaceable>package</replaceable>/NEWS.Debian.gz</filename>. It " "is compressed, and always has that name even in Debian native packages. If " "you use <literal>debhelper</literal>, <literal>dh_installchangelogs </" "literal> will install <filename>debian/NEWS</filename> files for you." msgstr "" "Le fichier <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> est installé sous le nom " "<filename> /usr/share/doc/<replaceable>paquet</replaceable>/NEWS.Debian.gz</" "filename>. Il est compressé et porte toujours ce nom même pou rles paquets " "Debian natifs. Si vous utilisez <literal>debhelper</literal>, " "<literal>dh_installchangelogs</literal> installera les fichiers " "<filename>debian/NEWS</filename> automatiquement." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:588 msgid "" "Unlike changelog files, you need not update <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> " "files with every release. Only update them if you have something " "particularly newsworthy that user should know about. If you have no news at " "all, there's no need to ship a <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> file in your " "package. No news is good news!" msgstr "" "À la différence des journaux de modifications, vous n'avez pas besoin de " "mettre <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> à jour à chaque nouvelle version. Il " "est suffisant de le mettre à jour quand une information importante doit être " "diffusée aux utilisateurs. Si vous n'avez pas d'information importante à " "diffuser, il n'est pas nécessaire d'utiliser un fichier <filename>NEWS." "Debian</filename> avec le paquet. Pas de nouvelles, bonnes nouvelles !" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:610 msgid "Best practices for maintainer scripts" msgstr "Meilleurs pratiques pour les scripts du responsable" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:612 msgid "" "Maintainer scripts include the files <filename>debian/postinst</filename>, " "<filename>debian/preinst</filename>, <filename>debian/prerm</filename> and " "<filename>debian/postrm</filename>. These scripts take care of any package " "installation or deinstallation setup which isn't handled merely by the " "creation or removal of files and directories. The following instructions " "supplement the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;\">Debian Policy</ulink>." msgstr "" "Les scripts du responsable (« maintainer scripts ») sont les fichiers " "<filename>debian/postinst</filename>, <filename>debian/preinst</filename>, " "<filename>debian/prerm</filename> and <filename>debian/postrm</filename>. " "Ces scripts peuvent prendre en charge les phases d'installation ou de " "désinstallation non autonatiquement gérées dans la phasesla création ou la " "suppression de fichiers ou de répertoires. Les instruction qui suivent " "complètent celles de la charte Debian." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:620 msgid "" "Maintainer scripts must be idempotent. That means that you need to make " "sure nothing bad will happen if the script is called twice where it would " "usually be called once." msgstr "" "Les scripts du responsable doivent être robustes. Cela signifie que vous " "devez vous assurer que rien de grave ne se produit si un script est lancé " "deux fois au lieu d'une." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:625 msgid "" "Standard input and output may be redirected (e.g. into pipes) for logging " "purposes, so don't rely on them being a tty." msgstr "" "L'entrée et la sortie standard peuvent être redirigées (p. ex. dans des " "tuyaux) pour des besoins de journalisation. Il est donc recommandé qu'il ne " "soient pas dépendants d'un terminal." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:629 msgid "" "All prompting or interactive configuration should be kept to a minimum. " "When it is necessary, you should use the <systemitem role=\"package" "\">debconf</systemitem> package for the interface. Remember that prompting " "in any case can only be in the <literal>configure</literal> stage of the " "<filename>postinst</filename> script." msgstr "" "Toute interaction avec l'utilisateur doit être limitée au maximum. " "Lorsqu'elle est nécessaire, vous devriez utiliser le paquet <systemitem role=" "\"package\">debconf</systemitem> comme interface. Veuillez noter que " "l'interaction doit impérativement se faire à l'étape <literal>configure</" "literal> du script <filename>postinst</filename>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:636 msgid "" "Keep the maintainer scripts as simple as possible. We suggest you use pure " "POSIX shell scripts. Remember, if you do need any bash features, the " "maintainer script must have a bash shebang line. POSIX shell or Bash are " "preferred to Perl, since they enable <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</" "systemitem> to easily add bits to the scripts." msgstr "" "Vous devriez garder les scripts du responsable aussi simples que possible et " "utiliser de préférence des scripts shell POSIX stricts. Veuillez noter que " "si vous avez besoin de spécificités de bash, vous devez utiliser une ligne " "« shebang » pour bash. Les scripts POSIX ou Bash sont encouragés par rapport " "aux scripts Perl, car <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem> " "peut alors y ajouter des fonctions." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:643 msgid "" "If you change your maintainer scripts, be sure to test package removal, " "double installation, and purging. Be sure that a purged package is " "completely gone, that is, it must remove any files created, directly or " "indirectly, in any maintainer script." msgstr "" "Si vous modifiez les scripts du reponsable, veillez à vérifier la " "suppression du paquet, la double installation et la purge. Vérifiez qu'un " "paquet purgé est entièrement éliminé, c'est à dire qu'il a supprimé tous les " "fichiers qu'il a créé, directement ou indirectement dans ses scripts du " "responsable." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:649 msgid "" "If you need to check for the existence of a command, you should use " "something like" msgstr "" "Si vous avez besoin de vérifier l'existence d'une commande, vous devriez " "utiliser quelque chose comme" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><programlisting> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:652 #, no-wrap msgid "if [ -x /usr/sbin/install-docs ]; then ..." msgstr "if [ -x /usr/sbin/install-docs ]; then ..." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:654 msgid "" "If you don't wish to hard-code the path of a command in your maintainer " "script, the following POSIX-compliant shell function may help:" msgstr "" "Si vous ne voulez pas coder en dur le chemin d'une commande dans vos scripts " "de responsable, la fonction shell conforme à POSIX suivante peut vous aider :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:659 msgid "" "You can use this function to search <literal>$PATH</literal> for a command " "name, passed as an argument. It returns true (zero) if the command was " "found, and false if not. This is really the most portable way, since " "<literal>command -v</literal>, <command>type</command>, and <command>which</" "command> are not POSIX." msgstr "" "Vous pouvez utiliser cette fonction pour rechercher dans <literal>$PATH</" "literal> une commande donnée, passée en paramètre. Elle renvoie " "« true » (zéro) si la commande est trouvée et « false » dans le cas contraire. " "Il s'agit de la méthode la plus portable car <literal>command -v</literal>, " "<command>type</command>, et <command>which</command> ne sont pas conformes à " "POSIX." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:666 msgid "" "While <command>which</command> is an acceptable alternative, since it is " "from the required <systemitem role=\"package\">debianutils</systemitem> " "package, it's not on the root partition. That is, it's in <filename>/usr/" "bin</filename> rather than <filename>/bin</filename>, so one can't use it in " "scripts which are run before the <filename>/usr</filename> partition is " "mounted. Most scripts won't have this problem, though." msgstr "" "Bien que <command>which</command> soit acceptable car fourni dans le paquet " "requis <systemitem role=\"package\">debianutils</systemitem>, il n'est pas " "disponible sur la partition racine mais est situé dans le répertoire " "<filename>/usr/bin</filename> au lieu de <filename>/bin</filename>, ce qui " "rend son utilisation impossible si <filename>/usr</filename> n'est pas " "encore monté. De nombreux scripts ne seront toutefois pas affectés par cela, " "cependant." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:676 msgid "" "Configuration management with <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</" "systemitem>" msgstr "" "Gestion de la configuration avec <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</" "systemitem>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:678 msgid "" "<systemitem role=\"package\">Debconf</systemitem> is a configuration " "management system which can be used by all the various packaging scripts " "(<filename>postinst</filename> mainly) to request feedback from the user " "concerning how to configure the package. Direct user interactions must now " "be avoided in favor of <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> " "interaction. This will enable non-interactive installations in the future." msgstr "" "<systemitem role=\"package\">Debconf</systemitem> est un système de gestion " "de configuration qui peut être utilisé par les divers scripts des paquets " "(<filename>postinst</filename> notamment) pour interagir avec l'utilisateur " "sur des choix à opérer pour la configuration du paquet. Les interactions " "directes avec l'utilisateurs doivent être prohibées en faveur de <systemitem " "role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem>, notamment pour permettre des " "installations non interactives." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:686 msgid "" "Debconf is a great tool but it is often poorly used. Many common mistakes " "are listed in the <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </citerefentry> man page. It is " "something that you must read if you decide to use debconf. Also, we " "document some best practices here." msgstr "" "<systemitem role=\"package\">Debconf</systemitem> est un outil très partique " "mais souvent mal utilisé. De nombreuses erreurs classiques sotn mentionnées " "dans la page de manuel <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </citerefentry>. Il est " "indispensable de lire cette page de manuel avant de décider d'utiliser " "debconf. Quelques bonnes pratiques sont également indiquées dans le présent " "document." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:693 msgid "" "These guidelines include some writing style and typography recommendations, " "general considerations about debconf usage as well as more specific " "recommendations for some parts of the distribution (the installation system " "for instance)." msgstr "" "Les présents conseils comportent des indications sur le style d'écriture et " "la typographie, des considérations générales sur l'utilisation de " "<systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> ainsi que des " "recommandations plus spécifiques relatives à certaines parties de la " "distribution (le système d'installation notamment)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:699 msgid "Do not abuse debconf" msgstr "N'abusez pas de <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:701 msgid "" "Since debconf appeared in Debian, it has been widely abused and several " "criticisms received by the Debian distribution come from debconf abuse with " "the need of answering a wide bunch of questions before getting any little " "thing installed." msgstr "" "Depuis que <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> est apparu dans " "Debian, il a été largement trop utilisé et de nombreuses critiques ont été " "émises à l'encontre de la distribution Debian pour abus d'utilisation de " "<systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem>, avec la nécessité de " "répondre à un nombre très important de questions avant d'avoir un quelconque " "outil installé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:707 msgid "" "Keep usage notes to what they belong: the NEWS.Debian, or README.Debian " "file. Only use notes for important notes which may directly affect the " "package usability. Remember that notes will always block the install until " "confirmed or bother the user by email." msgstr "" "Les notes d'utilisation doivent être réservées à leur emplacement " "naturel : le fichier <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> ou <filename>README." "Debian</filename>. N'utilisez les notes que pour des points importants qui " "peuvent directement concerner l'utilisabilité du paquet. Les notes " "interrompent l'installation tant qu'elles ne sont pas confirmées et elles " "peuvent conduire à des envois de courriers électroniques aux utilisateurs." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:713 msgid "" "Carefully choose the questions priorities in maintainer scripts. See " "<citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</" "manvolnum> </citerefentry> for details about priorities. Most questions " "should use medium and low priorities." msgstr "" "Choisissez soigneusement les questions posées dans les scripts du " "responsable. Veuillez consulter la page de manuel <citerefentry> " "<refentrytitle>debconf-devel</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </" "citerefentry> pour plus de détails sur les priorités. La plupart des " "questions devraient utiliser les priorités « intermédiaire » ou « basse »." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:721 msgid "General recommendations for authors and translators" msgstr "Recommandations générales pour les auteurs et les traducteurs" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:723 msgid "Write correct English" msgstr "Écrivez en anglais correct" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:725 msgid "" "Most Debian package maintainers are not native English speakers. So, " "writing properly phrased templates may not be easy for them." msgstr "" "La plupart des responsables de paquets Debian ne sont pas anglophones. Il " "n'est donc pas nécessairement facile pour eux d'écrire des écrans " "correctement." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:729 msgid "" "Please use (and abuse) &email-debian-l10n-english; mailing list. Have your " "templates proofread." msgstr "" "Penez à utiliser, voire abuser, la liste &email-debian-l10n-english;. Faites " "relire vos écrans." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:733 msgid "" "Badly written templates give a poor image of your package, of your work...or " "even of Debian itself." msgstr "" "Des écrans mal écrits fournissent une image négative de votre paquet, de " "votre travail ou même de Debian en général." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:737 msgid "" "Avoid technical jargon as much as possible. If some terms sound common to " "you, they may be impossible to understand for others. If you cannot avoid " "them, try to explain them (use the extended description). When doing so, " "try to balance between verbosity and simplicity." msgstr "" "Évitez le plus possible le jargon technique.Si certains termes vous sont " "familiers, ils peuvent être impossible à comprendre pour d'autres. Si vous " "ne pouvez les éviter, tentez de les expliquer (avec la description étendue). " "Dans ce cas, tentez de faire la part des choses entre simplicité et verbiage." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:745 msgid "Be kind to translators" msgstr "Pensez aux traducteurs" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:747 msgid "" "Debconf templates may be translated. Debconf, along with its sister package " "<command>po-debconf</command> offers a simple framework for getting " "templates translated by translation teams or even individuals." msgstr "" "Les écrans de <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> peuvent être " "traduits. <systemitem role=\"package\">Debconf</systemitem> et son paquet " "jumeau <systemitem role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem> fournissent un " "ensemble simple permettant la traduction des écrans par des équipes de " "traductions ou des traducteurs isolés." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:752 msgid "" "Please use gettext-based templates. Install <systemitem role=\"package\">po-" "debconf</systemitem> on your development system and read its documentation " "(<literal>man po-debconf</literal> is a good start)." msgstr "" "Utilisez des écrans permettant l'utilisation de gettext. Installez le paquet " "<systemitem role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem> sur votre machine de " "développement et lisez sa documentation (<literal>man po-debconf</literal> " "est un bon début)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:757 msgid "" "Avoid changing templates too often. Changing templates text induces more " "work to translators which will get their translation fuzzied. If you plan " "changes to your original templates, please contact translators. Most active " "translators are very responsive and getting their work included along with " "your modified templates will save you additional uploads. If you use " "gettext-based templates, the translator's name and e-mail addresses are " "mentioned in the po files headers." msgstr "" "Évitez de changer les écrans trop souvent. La modification des textes des " "écrans impacte les traducteurs dont les traductions vont devenir " "« floues » (« fuzzy »). Si vous prévoyez des modifications aux écrans " "d'origine, veuillez contacter les traducteurs. La plupart d'entre eux sont " "réactifs et inclure des mises à jour en même temps que les modifications aux " "écrans d'origine vous évitera des envois ultérieurs pour la mise à jour des " "traductions. Si vous utilisez des écrans se servant de gettext, le nom et " "l'adresse électronique des traducteurs sont mentionnés dans les en-têtes des " "fichiers PO." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:766 msgid "" "The use of the <command>podebconf-report-po</command> from the <systemitem " "role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem> package is highly recommended to " "warn translators which have incomplete translations and request them for " "updates." msgstr "" "L'utilisation de la commande <command>podebconf-report-po</command> fournie " "par le paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem> est " "fortement recommandée pour avertir les traducteurs dont les traductions sont " "incomplètes et leur demander de les mettre à jour." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:771 msgid "" "If in doubt, you may also contact the translation team for a given language " "(debian-l10n-xxxxx@&lists-host;), or the &email-debian-i18n; mailing list." msgstr "" "Dans le doute, vous pouvez également contacter l'équipe de traduction d'une " "langue donnée (debian-l10n-xxxxx@&lists-host;) ou la liste de diffusion " "&email-debian-i18n;." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:776 msgid "" "Calls for translations posted to &email-debian-i18n; with the " "<filename>debian/po/templates.pot</filename> file attached or referenced in " "a URL are encouraged. Be sure to mentions in these calls for new " "translations which languages you have existing translations for, in order to " "avoid duplicate work." msgstr "" "Des appels à traductions envoyés dans &email-debian-i18n;, avec le fichier " "<filename>debian/po/templates.pot</filename> attaché sont encouragés. " "Veuillez vous assurer de bien mentionner dans ces appels à traductions les " "langues pour lesquelles des traductions existent déjà, afin d'éviter du " "travail en double." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:785 msgid "Unfuzzy complete translations when correcting typos and spelling" msgstr "" "Correction (« unfuzzy ») des traductions complètes lors des corrections de " "fautes de frappe ou d'orthographe" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:787 msgid "" "When the text of a debconf template is corrected and you are <emphasis role=" "\"strong\">sure</emphasis> that the change does <emphasis role=\"strong" "\">not</emphasis> affect translations, please be kind to translators and " "unfuzzy their translations." msgstr "" "Lorsque le texte d'un écran de debconf est corrigé et que vous avec la " "<emphasis role=\"strong\">certitude</emphasis> que la modification n'affecte " "<emphasis role=\"strong\">pas</emphasis> les traductions, pensez aux " "traducteurs et rendez leur translations à nouveau complètes (« unfuzzy »)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:793 msgid "" "If you don't do so, the whole template will not be translated as long as a " "translator will send you an update." msgstr "" "Si cela n'est pas fait, l'ensemble de l'écran debconf ne sera plus traduit " "tant qu'un traducteur n'aura pas réenvoyé un fichier corrigé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:797 msgid "" "To <literal>unfuzzy</literal> translations, you can proceed the following " "way:" msgstr "Pour corriger les traductions, vous pouvez procéder de la manière suivante :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:803 msgid "" "Put all incomplete PO files out of the way. You can check the completeness " "by using (needs the <systemitem role=\"package\">gettext</systemitem> " "package installed):" msgstr "" "Déplacez les fichiers PO incomplets à un endroit temporaire. Les fichiers " "peuvent être contrôlés avec la commande suivante (qui nécessite " "l'installation du paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">gettext</systemitem>) :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:807 #, no-wrap msgid "" "for i in debian/po/*po; do echo -n $i: ; msgfmt -o /dev/null\n" "--statistics $i; done" msgstr "" "for i in debian/po/*po; do echo -n $i: ; msgfmt -o /dev/null\n" "--statistics $i; done" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:812 msgid "" "move all files which report either fuzzy strings to a temporary place. " "Files which report no fuzzy strings (only translated and untranslated) will " "be kept in place." msgstr "" "déplacez tous les fichiers qui indiquent comporter des chaînes floues " "(fuzzy) dans un répertoire temporaire. Les fichiers qui ne comportent pas de " "chaînes floues (seulement des chaînes traduites ou non traduites) peuvent " "être laissés en place." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:819 msgid "" "now <emphasis role=\"strong\">and now only</emphasis>, modify the template " "for the typos and check again that translation are not impacted (typos, " "spelling errors, sometimes typographical corrections are usually OK)" msgstr "" "maintenant <emphasis role=\"strong\">et pas avant</emphasis>, vous pouvez " "corriger le fichier « templates » en vous assurant à nouveau que les " "traductions ne risquent pas d'être affectées (des fautes de frappes, des " "erreurs grammaticales et parfois des erreurs typographiques ne posent en " "général pas de problèmes)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:826 msgid "" "run <command>debconf-updatepo</command>. This will fuzzy all strings you " "modified in translations. You can see this by running the above again" msgstr "" "exécutez la commande <command>debconf-updatepo</command>. Cette commande va " "rendre floues les traductions des chaînes que vous avez modifiées. Cela peut " "être contrôlé avec la commande ci-dessus à nouveau." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:832 msgid "use the following command:" msgstr "utilisez la commande suivante :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:834 #, no-wrap msgid "for i in debian/po/*po; do msgattrib --output-file=$i --clear-fuzzy $i; done" msgstr "for i in debian/po/*po; do msgattrib --output-file=$i --clear-fuzzy $i; done" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:838 msgid "move back to debian/po the files which showed fuzzy strings in the first step" msgstr "" "replacez à nouveau dans <filename>debian/po</filename> les fichiers " "précédemment déplacés." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:843 msgid "run <command>debconf-updatepo</command> again" msgstr "exécutez la commande <command>debconf-updatepo</command> à nouveau" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:850 msgid "Do not make assumptions about interfaces" msgstr "Ne faites pas de suppositions sur les interfaces utilisateurs" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:852 msgid "" "Templates text should not make reference to widgets belonging to some " "debconf interfaces. Sentences like If you answer Yes... have no meaning " "for users of graphical interfaces which use checkboxes for boolean questions." msgstr "" "Les textes des écrans ne devraiernt pas faire référence aux éléments " "disponibles sur certaines interfaces de debconf. Des phrases telles que « If " "you answer Yes » ne signifient rien avec les interfaces graphiques où des " "boutons radio sont utilisés pour les questions booléennes." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:857 msgid "" "String templates should also avoid mentioning the default values in their " "description. First, because this is redundant with the values seen by the " "users. Also, because these default values may be different from the " "maintainer choices (for instance, when the debconf database was preseeded)." msgstr "" "Les écrans de type « string » ne devraient pas faire référence aux valeurs " "par défaut dans leur description. Cela est tout d'abord redondant avec les " "valeurs visibles par les utilisateurs. Mais également, les valeurs " "présentées par défaut peuvent être différentes du choix du mainteneur (par " "exemple, lorsque la base de données de debconf a été pré-renseignée)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:863 msgid "" "More generally speaking, try to avoid referring to user actions. Just give " "facts." msgstr "" "De manière plus générale, évitez de faire référence à des actions " "particulières des utilisateurs et donnez simplement des faits." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:869 msgid "Do not use first person" msgstr "N'utilisez pas la première personne" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:871 msgid "" "You should avoid the use of first person (I will do this... or We " "recommend...). The computer is not a person and the Debconf templates do " "not speak for the Debian developers. You should use neutral construction. " "Those of you who already wrote scientific publications, just write your " "templates like you would write a scientific paper. However, try using " "action voice if still possible, like Enable this if ... instead of This can " "be enabled if ...." msgstr "" "Vous devriez éviter l'utilisation de la première personne (« Je vais faire " "ceci » ou « Nous recommandons que... »). L'ordinateur n'est pas une personne " "et les écrans de debconf ne parlent pas au nom des développeurs de Debian. " "Vous devriez utiliser des constructions neutres. Pour les personnes " "familières de la publisation scientifiques, il suffit en général d'adopter " "le style d'écriture qui y est utilisé. Tentez cependant d'utiliser la forme " "active si possible. Par exemple : « Enable this if... » au lieu de « This can " "be enabled if... »." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:881 msgid "Be gender neutral" msgstr "Restez neutre en genre" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:883 msgid "" "The world is made of men and women. Please use gender-neutral constructions " "in your writing." msgstr "Le monde est fait d'hommes et de femmes. Veuillez utiliser des constructions neutres en genre dans vos écrits." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:891 msgid "Templates fields definition" msgstr "Définition de champs des modèles (« templates »)" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:893 msgid "" "This part gives some information which is mostly taken from the " "<citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</" "manvolnum> </citerefentry> manual page." msgstr "" "Les informations présentées dans cette partie proviennent pour l'essentiel de la page de manuel <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</" "manvolnum> </citerefentry>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:898 msgid "Type" msgstr "Type" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:900 msgid "string:" msgstr "string:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:902 msgid "Results in a free-form input field that the user can type any string into." msgstr "offre un champ de saisie où l'utilisateur peut entrer n'importe quelle chaîne de caractère." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:907 msgid "password:" msgstr "password:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:909 msgid "" "Prompts the user for a password. Use this with caution; be aware that the " "password the user enters will be written to debconf's database. You should " "probably clean that value out of the database as soon as is possible." msgstr "demande un mot de passe. Ce champ est à utiliser avec précaution car le mot de passe saisi sera conservé dans la base de données de debconf. Il est conseillé d'effacer cette valeur de la base de donnes dès que possible." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:916 msgid "boolean:" msgstr "boolean:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:918 msgid "" "A true/false choice. Remember: true/false, <emphasis role=\"strong\">not " "yes/no</emphasis>..." msgstr "offre un choix vrai/faux. Veuillez noter que c'est bien d'un choix vrai/faux, <emphasis role=\"strong\">pas oui/non</emphasis>..." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:924 msgid "select:" msgstr "select:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:926 msgid "" "A choice between one of a number of values. The choices must be specified " "in a field named 'Choices'. Separate the possible values with commas and " "spaces, like this: Choices: yes, no, maybe" msgstr "offre le choix entre différentes valeurs. Les choix doivent être indiqués dans un champ appelé « Choices ». Les différentes valeurs doivent être séparées par des virgules et des espace. Ainsi : yes, no, maybe" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:933 msgid "multiselect:" msgstr "multiselect:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:935 msgid "" "Like the select data type, except the user can choose any number of items " "from the choices list (or chose none of them)." msgstr "similaire au type « select », mais permet de choisir plusieurs (ou aucune) valeurs parmi la liste de choix." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:941 msgid "note:" msgstr "note:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:943 msgid "" "Rather than being a question per se, this datatype indicates a note that can " "be displayed to the user. It should be used only for important notes that " "the user really should see, since debconf will go to great pains to make " "sure the user sees it; halting the install for them to press a key, and even " "mailing the note to them in some cases." msgstr "plus qu'une vraie question, ce type indique une note affichée aux utilisateurs. Elle doit être réservée à des informations importantes que l'utilisateur doit absolument voir, car debconf fera tout pour s'assurer qu'elle est visible et notamment interrompra l'installation en attente qu'une touche soit appuyée, voire envoyer la note par courrier électronique dans certains cas." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:952 msgid "text:" msgstr "text:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:954 msgid "This type is now considered obsolete: don't use it." msgstr "ce type de données est obsolète. Il ne faut pas l'utiliser." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:959 msgid "error:" msgstr "error:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:961 msgid "" "This type is designed to handle error messages. It is mostly similar to the " "note type. Frontends may present it differently (for instance, the dialog " "frontend of cdebconf draws a red screen instead of the usual blue one)." msgstr "ce type permet de gérer des messages d'erreur. Il est analogue au type « note ». Les interfaces utilisateur peuvent le présenter différemment (ainsi l'interface « dialog » dessine un écran à fond rouge au lieu de l'écran bleu habituel)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:966 msgid "" "It is recommended to use this type for any message that needs user attention " "for a correction of any kind." msgstr "Il est recommandé d'utiliser ce type pour tout message qui requiert l'attention de l'utilisateur pour procéder à une correction, quelle qu'elle soit." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:974 msgid "Description: short and extended description" msgstr "Description: description courte et étendue" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:976 msgid "" "Template descriptions have two parts: short and extended. The short " "description is in the Description: line of the template." msgstr "Les descriptions de modèles comportent deux parties : la partie courte et la partie étendue. La partie courte est celle qui est placée sur la ligne «Description: » du modèle." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:980 msgid "" "The short description should be kept short (50 characters or so) so that it " "may be accomodated by most debconf interfaces. Keeping it short also helps " "translators, as usually translations tend to end up being longer than the " "original." msgstr "La partie courte doit rester courte (environ 50 caractères) afin de pouvoir être gérée par la majorité des interfaces de debconf. La garder courte facilite également le travail des traducteurs car les traductions sont en général plus longues que les textes originaux." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:986 msgid "" "The short description should be able to stand on its own. Some interfaces " "do not show the long description by default, or only if the user explicitely " "asks for it or even do not show it at all. Avoid things like What do you " "want to do?" msgstr "La description courte doit être autonome. Certaines interfaces ne montrent pas la description longue par défaut ou ne la montrent que si l'utilisateur le demande explicitement. Il est ainsi déconseillé d'utiliser des phrases comme « Que voulez-vous faire maintenant ? »" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:992 msgid "" "The short description does not necessarily have to be a full sentence. This " "is part of the keep it short and efficient recommendation." msgstr "La description courte ne doit pas nécessairement être une phrase entière. Cela est une façon de la garder courte et efficace." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:996 msgid "" "The extended description should not repeat the short description word for " "word. If you can't think up a long description, then first, think some " "more. Post to debian-devel. Ask for help. Take a writing class! That " "extended description is important. If after all that you still can't come " "up with anything, leave it blank." msgstr "La partie longue ne doit pas répéter la partie courte. Si vous ne trouvez pas de partie longue appropriée, réfléchissez un peu plus. Demandez dans debian-devel. Demandez de l'aide. Prenez un cours d'écriture ! La description longue est importante..et si, malgré tout cela, vous ne trouvez rien d'intéressant à ajouter, laissez-la vide." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1003 msgid "" "The extended description should use complete sentences. Paragraphs should " "be kept short for improved readability. Do not mix two ideas in the same " "paragraph but rather use another paragraph." msgstr "La partie longue doit utiliser des phrases complètes. Les paragraphes doivent rester courts pour améliorer la lisibilité. Ne placez pas deux idées différentes dans le même paragraphe mais séparez-les en deux paragraphes." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1008 msgid "" "Don't be too verbose. User tend to ignore too long screens. 20 lines are " "by experience a border you shouldn't cross, because that means that in the " "classical dialog interface, people will need to scroll, and lot of people " "just don't do that." msgstr "Ne soyez pas trop verbeux. Les utilisateurs ont tendance à ne pas lire les écrans trop longs. Un maximum de 20 lignes est une limite que vous ne devriez pas dépasser car, avec l'interface standard « dialog », les utilisateurs devront monter et descendre avec des ascenseurs, ce qui sera omis par la plupart des utilisateurs." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1014 msgid "" "The extended description should <emphasis role=\"strong\">never</emphasis> " "include a question." msgstr "" "La partie longue de la description ne devrait <emphasis role=\"strong\">jamais</emphasis> " "comporter de question." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1018 msgid "" "For specific rules depending on templates type (string, boolean, etc.), " "please read below." msgstr "Les parties qui suivent donnent des recommandations spécifiques pour certains types de modèles (string, boolean, etc.)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1024 msgid "Choices" msgstr "Choices" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1026 msgid "" "This field should be used for Select and Multiselect types. It contains the " "possible choices which will be presented to users. These choices should be " "separated by commas." msgstr "Ce champ doit être utilisé pour les types Select et Multiselect. Il contient les choix proposés aux utilisateurs. Ces choix doivent être séparés par des virgules." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1033 msgid "Default" msgstr "Default" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1035 msgid "" "This field is optional. It contains the default answer for string, select " "and multiselect templates. For multiselect templates, it may contain a " "comma-separated list of choices." msgstr "Ce champ optionnel contient la réponse par défaut pour les modèles string, select et multiselect. Dans ce dernier cas, il peut comporter une liste de choix multiples, séparés par des virgules." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1044 msgid "Templates fields specific style guide" msgstr "Guide de style spécifique à certains modèles" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1046 msgid "Type field" msgstr "Champ type" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1048 msgid "" "No specific indication except: use the appropriate type by referring to the " "previous section." msgstr "Pas d'indication particulière si ce n'est choisir le type adapté en se référant à la section précédente." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1054 msgid "Description field" msgstr "Champ Description" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1056 msgid "" "Below are specific instructions for properly writing the Description (short " "and extended) depending on the template type." msgstr "Vous trouverez ici des instruction particulières pour l'écriture du champ Description (parties courtes et longue) selon le type de modèle." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1060 msgid "String/password templates" msgstr "Modèles string et password" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1064 msgid "" "The short description is a prompt and <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</" "emphasis> a title. Avoid question style prompts (IP Address?) in favour of " "opened prompts (IP address:). The use of colons is recommended." msgstr "" "La description courte est une invite et <emphasis role=\"strong\">pas</" "emphasis> un titre. Il faut éviter la forme interrogative (« Adresse IP ? ») et préférer une invite ouverte (« Adresse IP : »). L'utilisation d'un « deux-points » final est recommandée." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1071 msgid "" "The extended description is a complement to the short description. In the " "extended part, explain what is being asked, rather than ask the same " "question again using longer words. Use complete sentences. Terse writing " "style is strongly discouraged." msgstr "La partie longue complète la partie courte. Il est conseillé d'y expliquer ce qui est demandé, plutôt que répéter la même demande. Utilisez des phrases complètes. Un style d'écriture abrégé est déconseillé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1081 msgid "Boolean templates" msgstr "Modèles « boolean »" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1085 msgid "" "The short description should be phrased in the form of a question which " "should be kept short and should generally end with a question mark. Terse " "writing style is permitted and even encouraged if the question is rather " "long (remember that translations are often longer than original versions)" msgstr "La partie courte doit utiliser la forme interrogative et se terminer par un point d'interrogation. Un style abrégé est toléré et même encouragé si la question est complexe (les traductions vont être plus longues que la version originale)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1093 msgid "" "Again, please avoid referring to specific interface widgets. A common " "mistake for such templates is if you answer Yes-type constructions." msgstr "Il est important d'éviter de faire référence aux objets de certains interfaces spécifiques. Une erreur classique est d'utiliser une construction comme « If you answer Yes... » (« Si vous répondez Oui... »)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1101 msgid "Select/Multiselect" msgstr "Select/Multiselect" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1105 msgid "" "The short description is a prompt and <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</" "emphasis> a title. Do <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</emphasis> use useless " "Please choose... constructions. Users are clever enough to figure out they " "have to choose something...:)" msgstr "" "La description courte est une invite et <emphasis role=\"strong\">pas</" "emphasis> un titre. N'utilisez <emphasis role=\"strong\">pas</emphasis> de constructions comme « Please choose... » (« Veuillez choisir... »). Les utilisateurs sont suffisamment intelligents pour comprendre qu'il est nécessaire de choisir quelque chose." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1113 msgid "" "The extended description will complete the short description. It may refer " "to the available choices. It may also mention that the user may choose more " "than one of the available choices, if the template is a multiselect one " "(although the interface often makes this clear)." msgstr "La description longue complète la partie courte. Elle peut faire référence aux choix disponibles. Elle peut également indiquer que l'utilisateur peut choisir plus d'un parmi les choix disponibles, dans le cas de modèles « multiselect » (bien que l'interface rende en général cela tout à fait clair)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1123 msgid "Notes" msgstr "Notes" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1127 msgid "The short description should be considered to be a *title*." msgstr "La description courte doit être considérée comme un *titre*." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1132 msgid "" "The extended description is what will be displayed as a more detailed " "explanation of the note. Phrases, no terse writing style." msgstr "La partie longue est ce qui sera affiché comme description plus détaillée de la note. Il est conseillé d'éviter d'y utiliser un style abrégé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1138 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Do not abuse debconf.</emphasis> Notes are the " "most common way to abuse debconf. As written in debconf-devel manual page: " "it's best to use them only for warning about very serious problems. The " "NEWS.Debian or README.Debian files are the appropriate location for a lot of " "notes. If, by reading this, you consider converting your Note type " "templates to entries in NEWS/Debian or README.Debian, plus consider keeping " "existing translations for the future." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">N'abusez pas de debconf.</emphasis>. Les notes sont un des abus les plus fréquents de debconf. Comm eindiqué dans la page de manuel de debconf, elle devraient être réservée pour avertir les utilisateurs de problème très importants. Les fichiers NEWS.Debian ou README.Debian sont les endroits appropriés pour l'information qu'affichent la majorité des notes. Si, à la lecture de ces conseils, vous envisagez de convertir vos modèles de type note en entrée dans NEWS.Debian ou README.Debian, pensez à conserver d'éventuelles traductions existantes." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1153 msgid "Choices field" msgstr "Champ Choices" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1155 msgid "" "If the Choices are likely to change often, please consider using the " "__Choices trick. This will split each individual choice into a single " "string, which will considerably help translators for doing their work." msgstr "Si les choix changent souvent, il est suggéré d'utiliser l'astuce « __Choices ». Avec ce format, chaque choix sera une chaîne différente proposée à la traduction, ce qui facilite grandement le travail des traducteurs." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1162 best-pkging-practices.dbk:1200 msgid "Default field" msgstr "Champ Default" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1164 msgid "" "If the default value, for a select template, is likely to vary depending on " "the user language (for instance, if the choice is a language choice), please " "use the _DefaultChoice trick." msgstr "Si la valeur par défaut d'un modèle « select » peut être dépendante de la langue utilisée (par exemple s'il s'agit du choix d'une langue par défaut), pensez à utiliser l'astuce « DefaultChoice »." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1169 msgid "" "This special field allow translators to put the most appropriate choice " "according to their own language. It will become the default choice when " "their language is used while your own mentioned Default Choice will be used " "chan using English." msgstr "Ce champ spécial permet aux traducteur de mettre le choix le plus adapté à leur langue, qui deviendra le choix par défaut quand cette langue est utilisée, alors que le choix par défaut que vous avez mentionné sera utilisé en anglais." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1175 msgid "Example, taken from the geneweb package templates:" msgstr "Exemple, pris dans le paquet geneweb :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1177 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "Template: geneweb/lang\n" "Type: select\n" "__Choices: Afrikaans (af), Bulgarian (bg), Catalan (ca), Chinese (zh), Czech (cs), Danish (da), Dutch (nl), English (en), Esperanto (eo), Estonian (et), Finnish (fi), French (fr), German (de), Hebrew (he), Icelandic (is), Italian (it), Latvian (lv), Norwegian (no), Polish (pl), Portuguese (pt), Romanian (ro), Russian (ru), Spanish (es), Swedish (sv)\n" "# This is the default choice. Translators may put their own language here\n" "# instead of the default.\n" "# WARNING : you MUST use the ENGLISH FORM of your language\n" "# For instance, the french translator will need to put French (fr) here.\n" "_DefaultChoice: English (en)[ translators, please see comment in PO files]\n" "_Description: Geneweb default language:\n" msgstr "" "\n" "Template: geneweb/lang\n" "Type: select\n" "__Choices: Afrikaans (af), Bulgarian (bg), Catalan (ca), Chinese (zh), Czech (cs), Danish (da), Dutch (nl), English (en), Esperanto (eo), Estonian (et), Finnish (fi), French (fr), German (de), Hebrew (he), Icelandic (is), Italian (it), Latvian (lv), Norwegian (no), Polish (pl), Portuguese (pt), Romanian (ro), Russian (ru), Spanish (es), Swedish (sv)\n" "# This is the default choice. Translators may put their own language here\n" "# instead of the default.\n" "# WARNING : you MUST use the ENGLISH FORM of your language\n" "# For instance, the french translator will need to put French (fr) here.\n" "_DefaultChoice: English (en)[ translators, please see comment in PO files]\n" "_Description: Geneweb default language:\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1189 msgid "" "Note the use of brackets which allow internal comments in debconf fields. " "Also note the use of comments which will show up in files the translators " "will work with." msgstr "Veuillez noter l'utilisation de crochets pour autoriser des commentaires internes dans les champs de debconf. Notez également l'utilisation de commentaires qui apparaîtront dans les fichiers de travail des traducteurs." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1194 msgid "" "The comments are needed as the DefaultChoice trick is a bit confusing: the " "translators may put their own choice" msgstr "Les commentaires sont très utiles car l'astuce DefaultChoice est parfois déroutante pour les traducteurs qui doivent y mettre leur propre choix et non une simple traduction." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1202 msgid "" "Do NOT use empty default field. If you don't want to use default values, do " "not use Default at all." msgstr "N'utilisez PAS de champ Default vide. Si vous ne souhaitez pas avoir de valeur par défaut, n'utilisez pas du tout ce champ." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1206 msgid "" "If you use po-debconf (and you <emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis>, " "see 2.2), consider making this field translatable, if you think it may be " "translated." msgstr "Quand vous utilisez po-debconf, pensez à rendre ce champ traduisible si vous pensez qu'il peut l'être." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1211 msgid "" "If the default value may vary depending on language/country (for instance " "the default value for a language choice), consider using the special " "_DefaultChoice type documented in <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>po-debconf</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </citerefentry>)." msgstr "" "Si la valeur par défaut peut dépendre de la lanue ou du pays (par exemple une langue par défaut dans un programme), pensez à utiliser le type « _DefaultChoice » documenté dans la page de manuel <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>po-debconf</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </citerefentry>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1223 msgid "Internationalization" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1225 msgid "Handling debconf translations" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1227 msgid "" "Like porters, translators have a difficult task. They work on many packages " "and must collaborate with many different maintainers. Moreover, most of the " "time, they are not native English speakers, so you may need to be " "particularly patient with them." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1233 msgid "" "The goal of <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> was to make " "packages configuration easier for maintainers and for users. Originally, " "translation of debconf templates was handled with <command>debconf-" "mergetemplate</command>. However, that technique is now deprecated; the " "best way to accomplish <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> " "internationalization is by using the <systemitem role=\"package\">po-" "debconf</systemitem> package. This method is easier both for maintainer and " "translators; transition scripts are provided." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1243 msgid "" "Using <systemitem role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem>, the translation " "is stored in <filename>po</filename> files (drawing from <command>gettext</" "command> translation techniques). Special template files contain the " "original messages and mark which fields are translatable. When you change " "the value of a translatable field, by calling <command>debconf-updatepo</" "command>, the translation is marked as needing attention from the " "translators. Then, at build time, the <command>dh_installdebconf</command> " "program takes care of all the needed magic to add the template along with " "the up-to-date translations into the binary packages. Refer to the " "<citerefentry> <refentrytitle>po-debconf</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</" "manvolnum> </citerefentry> manual page for details." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1259 msgid "Internationalized documentation" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1261 msgid "" "Internationalizing documentation is crucial for users, but a lot of labor. " "There's no way to eliminate all that work, but you can make things easier " "for translators." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1266 msgid "" "If you maintain documentation of any size, its easier for translators if " "they have access to a source control system. That lets translators see the " "differences between two versions of the documentation, so, for instance, " "they can see what needs to be retranslated. It is recommended that the " "translated documentation maintain a note about what source control revision " "the translation is based on. An interesting system is provided by <ulink " "url=\"&url-i18n-doc-check;\">doc-check</ulink> in the <systemitem role=" "\"package\">boot-floppies</systemitem> package, which shows an overview of " "the translation status for any given language, using structured comments for " "the current revision of the file to be translated and, for a translated " "file, the revision of the original file the translation is based on. You " "might wish to adapt and provide that in your CVS area." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1280 msgid "" "If you maintain XML or SGML documentation, we suggest that you isolate any " "language-independent information and define those as entities in a separate " "file which is included by all the different translations. This makes it " "much easier, for instance, to keep URLs up to date across multiple files." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1290 msgid "Common packaging situations" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1301 msgid "Packages using <command>autoconf</command>/<command>automake</command>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1303 msgid "" "Keeping <command>autoconf</command>'s <filename>config.sub</filename> and " "<filename>config.guess</filename> files up to date is critical for porters, " "especially on more volatile architectures. Some very good packaging " "practices for any package using <command>autoconf</command> and/or " "<command>automake</command> have been synthesized in &file-bpp-autotools; " "from the <systemitem role=\"package\">autotools-dev</systemitem> package. " "You're strongly encouraged to read this file and to follow the given " "recommendations." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1315 msgid "Libraries" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1317 msgid "" "Libraries are always difficult to package for various reasons. The policy " "imposes many constraints to ease their maintenance and to make sure upgrades " "are as simple as possible when a new upstream version comes out. Breakage " "in a library can result in dozens of dependent packages breaking." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1323 msgid "" "Good practices for library packaging have been grouped in <ulink url=\"&url-" "libpkg-guide;\">the library packaging guide</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1330 msgid "Documentation" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1332 msgid "" "Be sure to follow the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-docs.html\">Policy " "on documentation</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1337 msgid "" "If your package contains documentation built from XML or SGML, we recommend " "you not ship the XML or SGML source in the binary package(s). If users want " "the source of the documentation, they should retrieve the source package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1342 msgid "" "Policy specifies that documentation should be shipped in HTML format. We " "also recommend shipping documentation in PDF and plain text format if " "convenient and if output of reasonable quality is possible. However, it is " "generally not appropriate to ship plain text versions of documentation whose " "source format is HTML." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1349 msgid "" "Major shipped manuals should register themselves with <systemitem role=" "\"package\">doc-base</systemitem> on installation. See the <systemitem role=" "\"package\">doc-base</systemitem> package documentation for more information." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1357 msgid "Specific types of packages" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1359 msgid "" "Several specific types of packages have special sub-policies and " "corresponding packaging rules and practices:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1365 msgid "" "Perl related packages have a <ulink url=\"&url-perl-policy;\">Perl policy</" "ulink>, some examples of packages following that policy are <systemitem role=" "\"package\">libdbd-pg-perl</systemitem> (binary perl module) or <systemitem " "role=\"package\">libmldbm-perl</systemitem> (arch independent perl module)." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1374 msgid "" "Python related packages have their python policy; see &file-python-policy; " "in the <systemitem role=\"package\">python</systemitem> package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1381 msgid "" "Emacs related packages have the <ulink url=\"&url-emacs-policy;\">emacs " "policy</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1388 msgid "" "Java related packages have their <ulink url=\"&url-java-policy;\">java " "policy</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1395 msgid "" "Ocaml related packages have their own policy, found in &file-ocaml-policy; " "from the <systemitem role=\"package\">ocaml</systemitem> package. A good " "example is the <systemitem role=\"package\">camlzip</systemitem> source " "package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1403 msgid "" "Packages providing XML or SGML DTDs should conform to the recommendations " "found in the <systemitem role=\"package\">sgml-base-doc</systemitem> package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1409 msgid "" "Lisp packages should register themselves with <systemitem role=\"package" "\">common-lisp-controller</systemitem>, about which see &file-lisp-" "controller;." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1439 msgid "Architecture-independent data" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1441 msgid "" "It is not uncommon to have a large amount of architecture-independent data " "packaged with a program. For example, audio files, a collection of icons, " "wallpaper patterns, or other graphic files. If the size of this data is " "negligible compared to the size of the rest of the package, it's probably " "best to keep it all in a single package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1448 msgid "" "However, if the size of the data is considerable, consider splitting it out " "into a separate, architecture-independent package (_all.deb). By doing " "this, you avoid needless duplication of the same data into eleven or more ." "debs, one per each architecture. While this adds some extra overhead into " "the <filename>Packages</filename> files, it saves a lot of disk space on " "Debian mirrors. Separating out architecture-independent data also reduces " "processing time of <command>lintian</command> (see <xref linkend=\"tools-lint" "\"/> ) when run over the entire Debian archive." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1460 msgid "Needing a certain locale during build" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1462 msgid "" "If you need a certain locale during build, you can create a temporary file " "via this trick:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1466 msgid "" "If you set <varname>LOCPATH</varname> to the equivalent of <filename>/usr/" "lib/locale</filename>, and <varname>LC_ALL</varname> to the name of the " "locale you generate, you should get what you want without being root. " "Something like this:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1470 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "LOCALE_PATH=debian/tmpdir/usr/lib/locale\n" "LOCALE_NAME=en_IN\n" "LOCALE_CHARSET=UTF-8\n" "\n" "mkdir -p $LOCALE_PATH\n" "localedef -i $LOCALE_NAME.$LOCALE_CHARSET -f $LOCALE_CHARSET $LOCALE_PATH/$LOCALE_NAME.$LOCALE_CHARSET\n" "\n" "# Using the locale\n" "LOCPATH=$LOCALE_PATH LC_ALL=$LOCALE_NAME.$LOCALE_CHARSET date\n" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1484 msgid "Make transition packages deborphan compliant" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1486 msgid "" "Deborphan is a program for helping users to detect which packages can safely " "be removed from the system, i.e. the ones that have no packages depending " "on them. The default operation is to search only within the libs and " "oldlibs sections, to hunt down unused libraries. But when passed the right " "argument, it tries to catch other useless packages." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1493 msgid "" "For example, with <literal>--guess-dummy</literal>, <command>deborphan</" "command> tries to search all transitional packages which were needed for " "upgrade but which can now safely be removed. For that, it looks for the " "string dummy or transitional in their short description." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1500 msgid "" "So, when you are creating such a package, please make sure to add this text " "to your short description. If you are looking for examples, just run: " "<command>apt-cache search .|grep dummy</command> or <command>apt-cache " "search .|grep transitional</command>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1508 msgid "Best practices for <filename>orig.tar.gz</filename> files" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1510 msgid "" "There are two kinds of original source tarballs: Pristine source and " "repackaged upstream source." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1514 msgid "Pristine source" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1516 msgid "" "The defining characteristic of a pristine source tarball is that the " "<literal>.orig.tar.gz</literal> file is byte-for-byte identical to a tarball " "officially distributed by the upstream author. <footnote>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1518 msgid "" "We cannot prevent upstream authors from changing the tarball they distribute " "without also incrementing the version number, so there can be no guarantee " "that a pristine tarball is identical to what upstream <emphasis>currently</" "emphasis> distributing at any point in time. All that can be expected is " "that it is identical to something that upstream once <emphasis>did</" "emphasis> distribute. If a difference arises later (say, if upstream " "notices that he wasn't using maximal comression in his original distribution " "and then re-<command>gzip</command>s it), that's just too bad. Since there " "is no good way to upload a new <literal>.orig.tar.gz</literal> for the same " "version, there is not even any point in treating this situation as a bug." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1528 msgid "" "</footnote> This makes it possible to use checksums to easily verify that " "all changes between Debian's version and upstream's are contained in the " "Debian diff. Also, if the original source is huge, upstream authors and " "others who already have the upstream tarball can save download time if they " "want to inspect your packaging in detail." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1536 msgid "" "There is no universally accepted guidelines that upstream authors follow " "regarding to the directory structure inside their tarball, but <command>dpkg-" "source</command> is nevertheless able to deal with most upstream tarballs as " "pristine source. Its strategy is equivalent to the following:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1544 msgid "It unpacks the tarball in an empty temporary directory by doing" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1546 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "zcat path/to/<packagename>_<upstream-version>.orig.tar.gz | tar xf -\n" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1552 msgid "" "If, after this, the temporary directory contains nothing but one directory " "and no other files, <command>dpkg-source</command> renames that directory to " "<literal><packagename>-<upstream-version>(.orig)</literal>. The " "name of the top-level directory in the tarball does not matter, and is " "forgotten." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1561 msgid "" "Otherwise, the upstream tarball must have been packaged without a common top-" "level directory (shame on the upstream author!). In this case, " "<command>dpkg-source</command> renames the temporary directory " "<emphasis>itself</emphasis> to <literal><packagename>-<upstream-" "version>(.orig)</literal>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1572 msgid "Repackaged upstream source" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1574 msgid "" "You <emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis> upload packages with a " "pristine source tarball if possible, but there are various reasons why it " "might not be possible. This is the case if upstream does not distribute the " "source as gzipped tar at all, or if upstream's tarball contains non-DFSG-" "free material that you must remove before uploading." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1581 msgid "" "In these cases the developer must construct a suitable <literal>.orig.tar.gz " "</literal> file himself. We refer to such a tarball as a repackaged " "upstream source. Note that a repackaged upstream source is different from a " "Debian-native package. A repackaged source still comes with Debian-specific " "changes in a separate <literal>.diff.gz</literal> and still has a version " "number composed of <literal><upstream-version></literal> and " "<literal><debian-revision></literal>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1590 msgid "" "There may be cases where it is desirable to repackage the source even though " "upstream distributes a <literal>.tar.gz</literal> that could in principle be " "used in its pristine form. The most obvious is if <emphasis>significant</" "emphasis> space savings can be achieved by recompressing the tar archive or " "by removing genuinely useless cruft from the upstream archive. Use your own " "discretion here, but be prepared to defend your decision if you repackage " "source that could have been pristine." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1599 msgid "A repackaged <literal>.orig.tar.gz</literal>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1604 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">must</emphasis> contain detailed information how " "the repackaged source was obtained, and how this can be reproduced in the " "<filename>debian/copyright</filename>. It is also a good idea to provide a " "<literal>get-orig-source</literal> target in your <filename>debian/rules</" "filename> file that repeats the process, as described in the Policy Manual, " "<ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-source.html#s-debianrules\">Main building " "script: debian/rules</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">should not</emphasis> contain any file that does " "not come from the upstream author(s), or whose contents has been changed by " "you. <footnote>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> #. or similarly named #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1618 msgid "" "As a special exception, if the omission of non-free files would lead to the " "source failing to build without assistance from the Debian diff, it might be " "appropriate to instead edit the files, omitting only the non-free parts of " "them, and/or explain the situation in a README.Debian-source file in the " "root of the source tree. But in that case please also urge the upstream " "author to make the non-free components easier seperable from the rest of the " "source." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1625 msgid "</footnote>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1630 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis>, except where impossible for " "legal reasons, preserve the entire building and portablility infrastructure " "provided by the upstream author. For example, it is not a sufficient reason " "for omitting a file that it is used only when building on MS-DOS. " "Similarly, a Makefile provided by upstream should not be omitted even if the " "first thing your <filename>debian/rules</filename> does is to overwrite it " "by running a configure script." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1639 msgid "" "(<emphasis>Rationale:</emphasis> It is common for Debian users who need to " "build software for non-Debian platforms to fetch the source from a Debian " "mirror rather than trying to locate a canonical upstream distribution point)." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1646 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis> use <literal><packagename>-" "<upstream-version>.orig</literal> as the name of the top-level " "directory in its tarball. This makes it possible to distinguish pristine " "tarballs from repackaged ones." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1654 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis> be gzipped with maximal " "compression." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1659 msgid "" "The canonical way to meet the latter two points is to let <literal>dpkg-" "source -b</literal> construct the repackaged tarball from an unpacked " "directory." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1665 msgid "Changing binary files in <literal>diff.gz</literal>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1667 msgid "" "Sometimes it is necessary to change binary files contained in the original " "tarball, or to add binary files that are not in it. If this is done by " "simply copying the files into the debianized source tree, <command>dpkg-" "source</command> will not be able to handle this. On the other hand, " "according to the guidelines given above, you cannot include such a changed " "binary file in a repackaged <filename>orig.tar.gz</filename>. Instead, " "include the file in the <filename>debian</filename> directory in " "<command>uuencode</command>d (or similar) form <footnote>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1674 msgid "" "The file should have a name that makes it clear which binary file it " "encodes. Usually, some postfix indicating the encoding should be appended " "to the original filename. Note that you don't need to depend on <systemitem " "role=\"package\">sharutils</systemitem> to get the <command>uudecode</" "command> program if you use <command>perl</command>'s <literal>pack</" "literal> function. The code could look like" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1682 msgid "" "&example-uu; </footnote>. The file would then be decoded and copied to its " "place during the build process. Thus the change will be visible quite easy." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1688 msgid "" "Some packages use <command>dbs</command> to manage patches to their upstream " "source, and always create a new <literal>orig.tar.gz</literal> file that " "contains the real <literal>orig.tar.gz</literal> in its toplevel directory. " "This is questionable with respect to the preference for pristine source. On " "the other hand, it is easy to modify or add binary files in this case: Just " "put them into the newly created <literal>orig.tar.gz</literal> file, besides " "the real one, and copy them to the right place during the build process." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1701 msgid "Best practices for debug packages" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1703 msgid "" "A debug package is a package with a name ending in -dbg, that contains " "additional information that gdb can use. Since Debian binaries are stripped " "by default, debugging information, including function names and line " "numbers, is otherwise not available when running gdb on Debian binaries. " "Debug packages allow users who need this additional debugging information to " "install it, without bloating a regular system with the information." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1711 msgid "" "It is up to a package's maintainer whether to create a debug package or " "not. Maintainers are encouraged to create debug packages for library " "packages, since this can aid in debugging many programs linked to a " "library. In general, debug packages do not need to be added for all " "programs; doing so would bloat the archive. But if a maintainer finds that " "users often need a debugging version of a program, it can be worthwhile to " "make a debug package for it. Programs that are core infrastructure, such as " "apache and the X server are also good candidates for debug packages." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1721 msgid "" "Some debug packages may contain an entire special debugging build of a " "library or other binary, but most of them can save space and build time by " "instead containing separated debugging symbols that gdb can find and load on " "the fly when debugging a program or library. The convention in Debian is to " "keep these symbols in <filename>/usr/lib/debug/<replaceable>path</" "replaceable></filename>, where <replaceable>path</replaceable> is the path " "to the executable or library. For example, debugging symbols for <filename>/" "usr/bin/foo</filename> go in <filename>/usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/foo</" "filename>, and debugging symbols for <filename>/usr/lib/libfoo.so.1</" "filename> go in <filename>/usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/libfoo.so.1</filename>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1733 msgid "" "The debugging symbols can be extracted from an object file using <command> " "objcopy --only-keep-debug</command>. Then the object file can be stripped, " "and <command>objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink</command> used to specify the path " "to the debugging symbol file. <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>objcopy</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> explains in detail " "how this works." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1741 msgid "" "The <command>dh_strip</command> command in debhelper supports creating debug " "packages, and can take care of using <command>objcopy</command> to separate " "out the debugging symbols for you. If your package uses debhelper, all you " "need to do is call <command>dh_strip --dbg-package=libfoo-dbg</command>, and " "add an entry to <filename>debian/control</filename> for the debug package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1748 msgid "" "Note that the Debian package should depend on the package that it provides " "debugging symbols for, and this dependency should be versioned. For example:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1751 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "Depends: libfoo-dbg (= ${binary:Version})\n" msgstr ""

# translation of best-pkging-practices.po to French # Translation of Debian Developers Reference to French # Copyright (C) 2008 Christian Perrier # This file is distributed under the same license as the developers-reference package. # # Christian Perrier , 2008. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: best-pkging-practices\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2008-08-08 11:43-0300\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2008-10-12 19:42+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Christian Perrier \n" "Language-Team: French \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Generator: KBabel 1.11.4\n" # type: Content of: #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:7 msgid "Best Packaging Practices" msgstr "Les meilleurs pratiques pour la construction des paquets" # type: Content of: <chapter><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:9 msgid "" "Debian's quality is largely due to the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;" "\">Debian Policy</ulink>, which defines explicit baseline requirements which " "all Debian packages must fulfill. Yet there is also a shared history of " "experience which goes beyond the Debian Policy, an accumulation of years of " "experience in packaging. Many very talented people have created great " "tools, tools which help you, the Debian maintainer, create and maintain " "excellent packages." msgstr "" "La qualité de Debian est largement due à la <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;" "\">Charte Debian</ulink> qui définit les prérequis explicites de base que " "tous les paquets Debian doivent satisfaire. Cependant, il existe également " "une expérience générale partagée qui va bien au delà de la Charte Debian et " "constitue une somme d'années d'expérience dans la construction de paquets. " "De nombreux contributeurs talentueux ont créé d'excellents outils qui " "peuvent vous aider, en tant que mainteneur Debian, à créer et maintenir des " "paquets d'excellente qualité." # type: Content of: <chapter><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:18 msgid "" "This chapter provides some best practices for Debian developers. All " "recommendations are merely that, and are not requirements or policy. These " "are just some subjective hints, advice and pointers collected from Debian " "developers. Feel free to pick and choose whatever works best for you." msgstr "" "Ce chapitre rassemble les meilleures pratiques pou rles mainteneurs Debian. " "La majorité de son contenu est constitué de recommandations plus que " "d'obligations. Il s'agit essentiellement d'informations subjectives, d'avis " "et de pointeurs, rassemblés par les développeurs Debian. Il est conseillé " "d'y choisir ce qui vous convient le mieux." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:24 msgid "Best practices for <filename>debian/rules</filename>" msgstr "Les meilleures pratiques pour le fichier <filename>debian/rules</filename>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:26 msgid "" "The following recommendations apply to the <filename>debian/rules</filename> " "file. Since <filename>debian/rules</filename> controls the build process " "and selects the files which go into the package (directly or indirectly), " "it's usually the file maintainers spend the most time on." msgstr "" "Les recommandations qui suivent s'appliquent au fichier <filename>debian/" "rules</filename>. Comme ce fichier contrôle le processus de construction des " "paquets et fait le choix des fichiers qui entreront dans ce paquet, " "directement ou indirectement, il s'agit du fichier dont les mainteneurs " "s'occupent généralement le plus." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:32 msgid "Helper scripts" msgstr "Scripts d'assistance" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:34 msgid "" "The rationale for using helper scripts in <filename>debian/rules</filename> " "is that they let maintainers use and share common logic among many " "packages. Take for instance the question of installing menu entries: you " "need to put the file into <filename>/usr/share/menu</filename> (or " "<filename>/usr/lib/menu</filename> for executable binary menufiles, if this " "is needed), and add commands to the maintainer scripts to register and " "unregister the menu entries. Since this is a very common thing for packages " "to do, why should each maintainer rewrite all this on their own, sometimes " "with bugs? Also, supposing the menu directory changed, every package would " "have to be changed." msgstr "" "La justification à l'utilisation de scripts d'assistance dans " "<filename>debian/rules</filename> est de permettre aux mainteneurs de " "définir puis utiliser une logique commune pour de nombreux paquets. Si on " "prend par exemple l'installaiton d'entrées de menu, il est nécessaire de " "placer le fichier dans <filename>/usr/lib/menu</filename> (ou <filename>/usr/" "lib/menu</filename> des fichiers de menu exécutables, s'il en existe), puis " "d'ajouter des commandes aux scripts des mainteneurs pour enregistrer ou " "désenregistrer les entrées de menu. Comme cette action est commune à de très " "nombreux paquets, pourquoi faudrait-il que chaque mainteneur ait à réécrire " "ses propres méthodes pour cela, bogues compris ? De plus, si jamais le " "répertoire des menus venait à changer, chaque paquet devrait être modifié." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:45 msgid "" "Helper scripts take care of these issues. Assuming you comply with the " "conventions expected by the helper script, the helper takes care of all the " "details. Changes in policy can be made in the helper script; then packages " "just need to be rebuilt with the new version of the helper and no other " "changes." msgstr "" "Les scripts d'assistance s'occupent de ce type de tâche. À condition d'être " "compatible avec les conventions utilisées par le script d'assistance, celui-" "ci s'occupe de tous les détails. Les modifications dans la charte peuvent " "alors être implémentées dans le script d'assistance et les paquets n'ont " "plus qu'à être reconstruits sans autre modification." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:52 msgid "" "<xref linkend=\"tools\"/> contains a couple of different helpers. The most " "common and best (in our opinion) helper system is <systemitem role=\"package" "\">debhelper</systemitem>. Previous helper systems, such as <systemitem " "role=\"package\">debmake</systemitem>, were monolithic: you couldn't pick " "and choose which part of the helper you found useful, but had to use the " "helper to do everything. <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</" "systemitem>, however, is a number of separate little <command>dh_*</command> " "programs. For instance, <command>dh_installman</command> installs and " "compresses man pages, <command>dh_installmenu</command> installs menu files, " "and so on. Thus, it offers enough flexibility to be able to use the little " "helper scripts, where useful, in conjunction with hand-crafted commands in " "<filename>debian/rules</filename>." msgstr "" "<xref linkend=\"tools\"/> contient un certain nombre d'assistants variés. Le " "système le plus répandu et (selon nous) le plus adapté est <systemitem role=" "\"package\">debhelper</systemitem>. Des systèmes antérieurs, tels que " "<systemitem role=\"package\">debmake</systemitem>, étaient monolithiques ; " "ils ne permettaient pas de choisir quelle partie de l'assistant serait " "utile, en obligeant à se servir de l'ensemble de l'assistant. A contrario, " "<systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem> est constitué d'un grand " "nombre de petits programmes <command>dh_*</command> différents. Par exemple, " "<command>dh_installman</command> installe et compresse les pages de manuel, " "<command>dh_installmenu</command> istalle les fichiers de menu, et ainsi de " "suite. En conséquence, il offre la possibilité d'utiliser certains des " "scripts d'assistance tout en conservant des commandes manuelles dans " "<filename>debian/rules</filename>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:66 msgid "" "You can get started with <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem> " "by reading <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debhelper</refentrytitle> " "<manvolnum>1</manvolnum> </citerefentry>, and looking at the examples that " "come with the package. <command>dh_make</command>, from the <systemitem " "role=\"package\">dh-make</systemitem> package (see <xref linkend=\"dh-make\"/" "> ), can be used to convert a vanilla source package to a <systemitem role=" "\"package\">debhelper</systemitem>ized package. This shortcut, though, " "should not convince you that you do not need to bother understanding the " "individual <command>dh_*</command> helpers. If you are going to use a " "helper, you do need to take the time to learn to use that helper, to learn " "its expectations and behavior." msgstr "" "Pour démarrer avec <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem>, il " "est conseillé de lire <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debhelper</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> et de consulter les " "exemples fournis avec le paquet. <command>dh_make</command>, fourni avec le " "paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">dh-make</systemitem> (voir <xref linkend=" "\"dh-make\"/> ) peut être utilisé pour convertir un paquet source originel " "en paquet géré par <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem>. " "Cette méthode rapide ne doit cependant pas se substituer à une compréhension " "individuelle des commandes <command>dh_*</command>. Si vous utilisez un " "assistant, vous devez prendre le temps de l'apprendre, pour comprendre ses " "besoins et son comportement." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:79 msgid "" "Some people feel that vanilla <filename>debian/rules</filename> files are " "better, since you don't have to learn the intricacies of any helper system. " "This decision is completely up to you. Use what works for you. Many " "examples of vanilla <filename>debian/rules</filename> files are available at " "<ulink url=\"&url-rules-files;\"></ulink>." msgstr "" "Certains mainteneurs pensent que l'utilisation de fichiers <filename>debian/" "rules</filename> sans assistants est préférable car elle évite d'avoir à " "apprendre les subtilité de ces systèmes d'assistance. Utiliser l'une ou " "l'autre méthode est un entièrement à la discrétion du mainteneur d'un paquet " "qui devrait utiliser la méthode qui lui convient le mieux. De nombreux " "exemples de fichiers <filename>debian/rules</filename> qui n'utilisent pas " "d'assistants sont disponibles à l'adresse <ulink url=\"&url-rules-files;\"></" "ulink>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:88 msgid "Separating your patches into multiple files" msgstr "Séparation des modifications (« patches ») en plusieurs fichiers" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:90 msgid "" "Big, complex packages may have many bugs that you need to deal with. If you " "correct a number of bugs directly in the source, and you're not careful, it " "can get hard to differentiate the various patches that you applied. It can " "get quite messy when you have to update the package to a new upstream " "version which integrates some of the fixes (but not all). You can't take " "the total set of diffs (e.g., from <filename>.diff.gz</filename>) and work " "out which patch sets to back out as a unit as bugs are fixed upstream." msgstr "" "Les paquets complexes ont souvent de nombreux bogues qui doivent être gérés " "par le mainteneur. Si certains de ces bogues sont corrigés par des " "modifications effectuées directement dans le code source, sans discernement, " "il peut devenir difficile de retrouver l'origine et la motivation de ces " "modifications. Cela peut également rendre bien plus complexe l'intégration " "d'une nouvelle version amont qui pourrait inclure certaines de ces " "modifications (mais pas toutes). Il est en effet alors quasiment impossible " "de reprendre le jeu initial de changements (p. ex. dans le fichier " "<filename>.diff.gz</filename>) et supprimer ceux qui correspondent à des " "correctifs appliqués par le mainteneur amont." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:99 msgid "" "Unfortunately, the packaging system as such currently doesn't provide for " "separating the patches into several files. Nevertheless, there are ways to " "separate patches: the patch files are shipped within the Debian patch file " "(<filename>.diff.gz</filename>), usually within the <filename>debian/</" "filename> directory. The only difference is that they aren't applied " "immediately by dpkg-source, but by the <literal>build</literal> rule of " "<filename>debian/rules</filename>. Conversely, they are reverted in the " "<literal>clean</literal> rule." msgstr "" "Malheureusement, le système de gestion des paquets ne permet pas " "actuellement, tel quel, de séparer les correctif en plusieurs fichiers. " "Cependant, il existe des méthodes permettant d'individualiser les correctifs " "dans le fichier général de correctifs Debian (<filename>.diff.gz</" "filename>), en général à l'intérieur du répertoire <filename>debian/</" "filename>. La seule différence est que ces correctifs ne sont pas appliqués " "par dpkg-source mais par la règle <literal>build</literal> de " "<filename>debian/rules</filename>. À l'inverse, les correctifs sont retirés " "par la règle <literal>clean</literal>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:109 msgid "" "<command>dbs</command> is one of the more popular approaches to this. It " "does all of the above, and provides a facility for creating new and updating " "old patches. See the package <systemitem role=\"package\">dbs</systemitem> " "for more information and <systemitem role=\"package\">hello-dbs</systemitem> " "for an example." msgstr "" "<command>dbs</command> est une des méthodes populaires pour ce besoin. Il " "effectue l'ensemble des actiosn mentionnées précédemment et offre la " "possibilité de créer de nouveaux correctifs ou en adapter des existants. " "Veuillez regarder le paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">dbs</systemitem> " "pour plus d'informations et <systemitem role=\"package\">hello-dbs</" "systemitem> pour un exemple d'utilisation." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:116 msgid "" "<command>dpatch</command> also provides these facilities, but it's intended " "to be even easier to use. See the package <systemitem role=\"package" "\">dpatch</systemitem> for documentation and examples (in <filename>/usr/" "share/doc/dpatch</filename>)." msgstr "" "<command>dpatch</command> a également le même objectif mais se veut être " "plus simple à utiliser. Veuillez cosulter la documentation du paquet " "<systemitem role=\"package\">dpatch</systemitem> ainsi que les exemples " "fournis (dans <filename>/usr/share/doc/dpatch</filename>)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:124 msgid "Multiple binary packages" msgstr "Paquets binaires multiples" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:126 msgid "" "A single source package will often build several binary packages, either to " "provide several flavors of the same software (e.g., the <systemitem role=" "\"package\">vim</systemitem> source package) or to make several small " "packages instead of a big one (e.g., so the user can install only the subset " "needed, and thus save some disk space)." msgstr "" "A seul paquet source créera souvent plusieurs paquets binaires, soit pour " "fournir plusieurs variantes du même logiciels (p. ex. le paquet source " "<systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem>) ou pour répartir les fichiers " "en plusieurs paquets plus petits au lieu d'un seul paquet monolithique (ce " "qui peut permettre à un utilisateur de d'installer que les éléments " "nécessaires et donc préserver l'espace disque)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:133 msgid "" "The second case can be easily managed in <filename>debian/rules</filename>. " "You just need to move the appropriate files from the build directory into " "the package's temporary trees. You can do this using <command>install</" "command> or <command>dh_install</command> from <systemitem role=\"package" "\">debhelper</systemitem>. Be sure to check the different permutations of " "the various packages, ensuring that you have the inter-package dependencies " "set right in <filename>debian/control</filename>." msgstr "" "Le second cas est simple à gérer dans le fichier <filename>debian/rules</" "filename>. Il suffit de déplacer les fichiers nécessaires depuis le " "répertoire de construction vers l'arborescence temporaire du paquet. Cela " "peut se faire avec les commandes <command>install</command> ou " "<command>dh_install</command> du paquet <systemitem role=\"package" "\">debhelper</systemitem>. Veillez alors à contrôler les différentes " "permutations des paquets, afin de pouvoir indiquer les dépendances inter-" "paquets appropriées dans <filename>debian/control</filename>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:142 msgid "" "The first case is a bit more difficult since it involves multiple recompiles " "of the same software but with different configuration options. The " "<systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem> source package is an example " "of how to manage this using an hand-crafted <filename>debian/rules</" "filename> file." msgstr "" "Le premier cas est plus délicat à gérer car il implique des recompilations " "multiples du même logiciel avec différentes options de configuration. Le " "paquet source <systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem> en est un " "exemple, avec la gestion manuelle de l'ensemble des actions dans le fichier " "<filename>debian/rules</filename> géré manuellement." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:154 msgid "Best practices for <filename>debian/control</filename>" msgstr "Mailleures pratiques pour <filename>debian/control</filename>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:156 msgid "" "The following practices are relevant to the <filename>debian/control</" "filename> file. They supplement the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-" "binary.html#s-descriptions\">Policy on package descriptions</ulink>." msgstr "" "Les conseils qui suivent sont destinés au fichier <filename>debian/control</" "filename>. Ils complètent la <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-binary." "html#s-descriptions\">Charte Debian</ulink> pour ce qui concerne les " "descriptions de paquets." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:162 msgid "" "The description of the package, as defined by the corresponding field in the " "<filename>control</filename> file, contains both the package synopsis and " "the long description for the package. <xref linkend=\"bpp-desc-basics\"/> " "describes common guidelines for both parts of the package description. " "Following that, <xref linkend=\"bpp-pkg-synopsis\"/> provides guidelines " "specific to the synopsis, and <xref linkend=\"bpp-pkg-desc\"/> contains " "guidelines specific to the description." msgstr "" "La description d'un paquet telle que définie par le champ correspondant du " "fichier <filename>control</filename>, comprend à la fois le résumé et la " "description longue du paquet. <xref linkend=\"bpp-desc-basics\"/> donne des " "indications communes à ces deux parties, <xref linkend=\"bpp-pkg-synopsis\"/" "> donne des indications spécifiques pour le résumé et <xref linkend=\"bpp-" "pkg-desc\"/> donne des indications pour la description." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:171 msgid "General guidelines for package descriptions" msgstr "Conseils généraux pour les descriptions de paquets" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:173 msgid "" "The package description should be written for the average likely user, the " "average person who will use and benefit from the package. For instance, " "development packages are for developers, and can be technical in their " "language. More general-purpose applications, such as editors, should be " "written for a less technical user." msgstr "" "La description d'un paquet doit être écrite pour son utilisateur moyen, " "c'est à dire la personne qui utilisera et tirera profit du paquet. Par " "exemple, les paquets de développement sont destinés aux développeurs et leur " "description peut comporter des détails techniques alors que les applications " "d'usage plus général, tels que les éditeurs, doivent avoir une description " "accessible à tout utilisateur." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:180 msgid "" "Our review of package descriptions lead us to conclude that most package " "descriptions are technical, that is, are not written to make sense for non-" "technical users. Unless your package really is only for technical users, " "this is a problem." msgstr "" "Un examen général des description de paquets tend à montrer que la plupart " "d'entre elles ont une orientation fortement technique et ne sont donc pas " "destinées à l'utilisateur moyen. Sauf dans le cas de paquets destinés à des " "spécialistes, cela doit être considéré comme un problème." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:186 msgid "" "How do you write for non-technical users? Avoid jargon. Avoid referring to " "other applications or frameworks that the user might not be familiar with — " "GNOME or KDE is fine, since users are probably familiar with these terms, " "but GTK+ is probably not. Try not to assume any knowledge at all. If you " "must use technical terms, introduce them." msgstr "" "Une des recommendations pour rester accessibles à tout utilisateur est " "d'éviter l'utilisation de jargon. Il est déconseillé de faire référence à " "des applications ou environnements qui pourraient être inconnus de " "l'utilisateur : parler de GNOME ou KDE est correct, car la plupart des " "utilisateurs sont familiers avec ces termes mais parler de GTK+ ne l'est " "pas. Il est préférable de supposer que le lecteur n'aura pas de connaissance " "du sujet et, si des termes techniques doivent être utilisés, ils doivent " "être expliqués." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:193 msgid "" "Be objective. Package descriptions are not the place for advocating your " "package, no matter how much you love it. Remember that the reader may not " "care about the same things you care about." msgstr "" "Il est conseillé de rester objectif. Les descriptions de paquets ne sont pas " "une plaquette publicitaire, quelles que soient vos opinions personnelles. Le " "lecteur peut très bien ne pas avoir les mêmes centres d'intérêt que vous." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:198 msgid "" "References to the names of any other software packages, protocol names, " "standards, or specifications should use their canonical forms, if one " "exists. For example, use X Window System, X11, or X; not X Windows, X-" "Windows, or X Window. Use GTK+, not GTK or gtk. Use GNOME, not Gnome. Use " "PostScript, not Postscript or postscript." msgstr "" "Les références aux noms d'autres logiciels, de protocoles, normes ou " "spécifications doivent utiliser leur forme canonique si elle existe. Par " "exemple, utilisez « X Window System », « X11 » ou « X » mais pas « X Windows », " "« X-Windows », ou « X Window ». Utilisez « GTK+ » et non « GTK » ou « gtk », " "« GNOME » et non « Gnome », « PostScript » et non « Postscript » ou " "« postscript »." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:205 msgid "" "If you are having problems writing your description, you may wish to send it " "along to &email-debian-l10n-english; and request feedback." msgstr "" "Si vous rencontrez des difficultés pour écrire la description d'un paquet, " "vous pouvez demander de l'aide ou une relecture sur &email-debian-l10n-" "english;." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:211 msgid "The package synopsis, or short description" msgstr "Le résumé, ou description courte, d'un paquet" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:213 msgid "" "The synopsis line (the short description) should be concise. It must not " "repeat the package's name (this is policy)." msgstr "" "La ligne de résumé (la description courte) doit être concise. Elle ne doit " "pas répéter le nom du paquet (cela est imposé par la Charte)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:217 msgid "" "It's a good idea to think of the synopsis as an appositive clause, not a " "full sentence. An appositive clause is defined in WordNet as a grammatical " "relation between a word and a noun phrase that follows, e.g., Rudolph the " "red-nosed reindeer. The appositive clause here is red-nosed reindeer. " "Since the synopsis is a clause, rather than a full sentence, we recommend " "that it neither start with a capital nor end with a full stop (period). It " "should also not begin with an article, either definite (the) or indefinite " "(a or an)." msgstr "" "Il est conseillé de voir le résumé comme un « clause appositive » (NdT : il " "s'agit d'un terme syntaxique en anglais) et pas comme une phrase complète. " "Une clause appositive est définie par WordNet comme la relation grammaticale " "entre un nom et une phrase nomilae qui le suit. Par exemple, « Rudolph the " "red-nosed reindeer ». La clause appositive ici est « red-nosed reindeer ». " "Comme le résumé est une telle clause et non une phrase, il ne doit donc pas " "commencer par une majuscule ni se terminer par un point. Il ne doit " "également pas commencer par un article défini (« the ») ou indéfini (« a » ou " "« an »)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:226 msgid "" "It might help to imagine that the synopsis is combined with the package name " "in the following way:" msgstr "" "Un moyen commode est d'imaginer que le résumé est combiné avec le nom du " "paquet de la façon suivante (NdT : certaines parties volontairement non " "traduites car ces exemples s'appliquent à la langue anglaise) :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "<replaceable>package-name</replaceable> is a <replaceable>synopsis</replaceable>.\n" msgstr "" "\n" "<replaceable>nom-du-paquet</replaceable> is a <replaceable>résumé</replaceable>.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:233 msgid "Alternatively, it might make sense to think of it as" msgstr "Il est également possible de visualiser l'ensemble sous la forme" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:235 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "<replaceable>package-name</replaceable> is <replaceable>synopsis</replaceable>.\n" msgstr "" "\n" "<replaceable>nom-du-paquet</replaceable> is <replaceable>résumé</replaceable>.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:239 msgid "or, if the package name itself is a plural (such as developers-tools)" msgstr "" "ou, si le nom du paquet est lui-même une forme plurielle (par exemple " "developers-tools)" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:241 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "<replaceable>package-name</replaceable> are <replaceable>synopsis</replaceable>.\n" msgstr "" "\n" "<replaceable>nom du paquet</replaceable> are <replaceable>résumé</replaceable>.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:245 msgid "" "This way of forming a sentence from the package name and synopsis should be " "considered as a heuristic and not a strict rule. There are some cases where " "it doesn't make sense to try to form a sentence." msgstr "" "Cette méthode permettant de créer une phrase à partir du nom du paquet et de " "sa description courte doit être considérée comme une heuristique et non une " "règle stricte. Dans certains cas, former une phrase n'aura aucun sens." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:252 msgid "The long description" msgstr "La description longue" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:254 msgid "" "The long description is the primary information available to the user about " "a package before they install it. It should provide all the information " "needed to let the user decide whether to install the package. Assume that " "the user has already read the package synopsis." msgstr "" "La description longue est l'information principale disponible pour les " "utilisateurs avant qu'ils ne décident d'installer un paquet. Elle doit " "fournir toute l'information nécessaire pour détermienr si le paquet doit " "être installé. Elle complète le résumé qui est donc supposé avoir été lu " "précédemment." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:260 msgid "The long description should consist of full and complete sentences." msgstr "La description longue est constituée de phrases complètes." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:263 msgid "" "The first paragraph of the long description should answer the following " "questions: what does the package do? what task does it help the user " "accomplish? It is important to describe this in a non-technical way, unless " "of course the audience for the package is necessarily technical." msgstr "" "Le premier paragraphe de cette description devrait tenter de répondre aux " "questions suivantes : que fait ce paquet ? Dans quelle tâche aidera-t-il " "l'utilisateur ? Il est important que cette description se fasse de la " "manière la moins technique possible, sauf si le public auquel est destiné le " "paquet est par définition technique." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:269 msgid "" "The following paragraphs should answer the following questions: Why do I as " "a user need this package? What other features does the package have? What " "outstanding features and deficiencies are there compared to other packages " "(e.g., if you need X, use Y instead)? Is this package related to other " "packages in some way that is not handled by the package manager (e.g., this " "is the client for the foo server)?" msgstr "" "Les paragraphes suivants devraient répondre aux questions : pourquoi, en " "tant qu'utilisateur, ai-je besoin de ce paquet ? Quelles autres " "fonctionnalités ce paquet apporte-t-il ? Quelles fonctionnalités et défauts " "comporte-t-il par rapport à d'autres paquets (p. ex., « si vous avez besoin " "de X, utilisez plutôt Y ») ? Ce paquet est-il lié à d'autres paquets d'une " "manière non gérée par le système de gestion des paquets (p. ex., « ceci est " "le client destiné au serveur toto ») ?" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:277 msgid "" "Be careful to avoid spelling and grammar mistakes. Ensure that you spell-" "check it. Both <command>ispell</command> and <command>aspell</command> have " "special modes for checking <filename>debian/control</filename> files:" msgstr "" "Veillez à éviter les erreurs d'orthographe et de grammaire. Vérifier " "l'orthographe avec un outil adapté. Les deux programmes <command>ispell</" "command> et <command>aspell</command> comportent un mode spécial permettant " "de contrôler un fichier <filename>debian/control</filename> files :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:281 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "ispell -d american -g debian/control\n" msgstr "" "\n" "ispell -d american -g debian/control\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:284 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "aspell -d en -D -c debian/control\n" msgstr "" "\n" "aspell -d en -D -c debian/control\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:288 msgid "" "Users usually expect these questions to be answered in the package " "description:" msgstr "" "Les utilisateurs attente en général des descriptions de paquets les réponses " "aux questions suivantes :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:293 msgid "" "What does the package do? If it is an add-on to another package, then the " "short description of the package we are an add-on to should be put in here." msgstr "" "Que fait ce paquet ? S'il s'agit d'un additif à un autre paquet, la " "description de cet autre paquet doit y être reprise." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:299 msgid "" "Why should I want this package? This is related to the above, but not the " "same (this is a mail user agent; this is cool, fast, interfaces with PGP and " "LDAP and IMAP, has features X, Y, and Z)." msgstr "" "Pourquoi ai-je besoin de ce paquet ? Cela est lié à la remarque précédente, " "de manière différente : ceci est un agent utilisateur pour le courrier " "électronique, avec une interface répide et pratique vers PGP, LDAP et IMAP " "et les fonctionnalités X, Y ou Z." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:306 msgid "" "If this package should not be installed directly, but is pulled in by " "another package, this should be mentioned." msgstr "" "Si ce paquet ne doit pas être installé seul, mais est installé avec un autre " "paquet, cela devrait être mentionné." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:312 msgid "" "If the package is <literal>experimental</literal>, or there are other " "reasons it should not be used, if there are other packages that should be " "used instead, it should be here as well." msgstr "" "Si le paquet est <literal>expérimental</literal> ou ne doit pas être utilisé " "pour toute autre raison et que d'autres paquets doivent être utilisés à la " "place, cela doit également être mentionné." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:319 msgid "" "How is this package different from the competition? Is it a better " "implementation? more features? different features? Why should I choose this " "package." msgstr "" "En quoi ce paquet diffère-t-il de ses concurrents ? Est-il une meilleure " "implémentation ? A-t-il plus de focntionnalités ? Des fonctionnalités " "différentes ? Pourquoi devrais-je choisir ce paquet ?" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:332 msgid "Upstream home page" msgstr "Page d'accueil amont" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:334 msgid "" "We recommend that you add the URL for the package's home page in the " "<literal>Homepage</literal> field of the <literal>Source</literal> section " "in <filename>debian/control</filename>. Adding this information in the " "package description itself is considered deprecated." msgstr "" "Il est recommandé d'ajouter l'URL d'accès à la page d'accueil du paquet dans " "le champ <literal>Homepage</literal> de la section <literal>Source</" "literal>du fichier <filename>debian/control</filename>. L'ajout de cette " "information à la description même du paquet est une pratique considérée " "comme obsolète." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:342 msgid "Version Control System location" msgstr "Emplacement du système de gestion de versions" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:344 msgid "" "There are additional fields for the location of the Version Control System " "in <filename>debian/control</filename>." msgstr "" "Des champs supplémentaires permettent d'indiquer l'emplacement du système de " "gestion de versions dans <filename>debian/control</filename>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:348 msgid "Vcs-Browser" msgstr "Vcs-Browser" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:350 msgid "" "Value of this field should be a <literal>http://</literal> URL pointing to a " "web-browsable copy of the Version Control System repository used to maintain " "the given package, if available." msgstr "" "La valeur de ce champ doit être une URL <literal>http://</literal> pointant " "sur la copie navigable par le web du dépôt de gestion de versions utilisé " "pour la maintenance du paquet, s'il est disponible." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:355 msgid "" "The information is meant to be useful for the final user, willing to browse " "the latest work done on the package (e.g. when looking for the patch fixing " "a bug tagged as <literal>pending</literal> in the bug tracking system)." msgstr "" "Cette information est destinée à l'utilisateur final qui voudrait parcourir " "le travail en cours sur le paquet (p. ex. à la recherche d'un correctif qui " "corrige un bogue marqué <literal>pending</literal> dans le système de suivi " "des bogues." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:362 msgid "Vcs-*" msgstr "Vcs-*" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:364 msgid "" "Value of this field should be a string identifying unequivocally the " "location of the Version Control System repository used to maintain the given " "package, if available. <literal>*</literal> identify the Version Control " "System; currently the following systems are supported by the package " "tracking system: <literal>arch</literal>, <literal>bzr</literal> (Bazaar), " "<literal>cvs</literal>, <literal>darcs</literal>, <literal>git</literal>, " "<literal>hg</literal> (Mercurial), <literal>mtn</literal> (Monotone), " "<literal>svn</literal> (Subversion). It is allowed to specify different VCS " "fields for the same package: they will all be shown in the PTS web interface." msgstr "" "La valeur de ce champ doit être une chaîne identifiant sans équivoque " "l'emplacement du dépôt de gestion de versions utilisé pour la maintenance de " "ce paquet, s'il est disponible. <literal>*</literal> doit être rempalcé par " "le système de gestion de versions. Les systèmes suivants sont actuellement " "gérés par le système de suivi des paquets : <literal>arch</literal>, " "<literal>bzr</literal> (Bazaar), <literal>cvs</literal>, <literal>darcs</" "literal>, <literal>git</literal>, <literal>hg</literal> (Mercurial), " "<literal>mtn</literal> (Monotone), <literal>svn</literal> (Subversion). Il " "est possible d'indiquer plusieurs champs VCS pour le même paquet : ils " "seront alors tous mentionnés dans l'interface web du système de suivi des " "paquets." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:375 msgid "" "The information is meant to be useful for a user knowledgeable in the given " "Version Control System and willing to build the current version of a package " "from the VCS sources. Other uses of this information might include " "automatic building of the latest VCS version of the given package. To this " "end the location pointed to by the field should better be version agnostic " "and point to the main branch (for VCSs supporting such a concept). Also, " "the location pointed to should be accessible to the final user; fulfilling " "this requirement might imply pointing to an anonymous access of the " "repository instead of pointing to an SSH-accessible version of the same." msgstr "" "Cette information est destiné aux utilisateurs qui ont une connaissance " "suffisante du système de gestion de versions et qui veulent construire une " "version à jour du paquet depuis les sources du système de suivi. Une autre " "utilisation possible de cette information pourrait être la construction " "automatique de la dernière version, dans le système de suivi, d'un paquet " "donné. À cet effet, l'emplacement pointé devrait éviter d'être lié à une " "version spécifique et pointer vers la branche principale de développemnt " "(pour les systèmes qui ont un tel concept). De plus, l'emplacement indiqué " "doit être accessible à l'utilisateur final, par exemple en indiquant une " "adresse d'accès snonyme au dépôt, plutôt qu'une version accessible par SSH." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:386 msgid "" "In the following example, an instance of the field for a Subversion " "repository of the <systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem> package is " "shown. Note how the URL is in the <literal>svn://</literal> scheme (instead " "of <literal>svn+ssh://</literal>) and how it points to the <filename>trunk/</" "filename> branch. The use of the <literal>Vcs-Browser</literal> and " "<literal>Homepage</literal> fields described above is also shown." msgstr "" "L'exemple qui suit montre une instance de ce champ pour un dépôt Subversion " "du paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">vim</systemitem>. Veuillez noter que " "l'URL a la forme <literal>svn://</literal> (au lieu de <literal>svn+ssh://</" "literal>) et pointe sur la branche <filename>trunk/</filename>. Une " "utilisation des champs <literal>Vcs-Browser</literal> et <literal>Homepage</" "literal>, décrits précédemments, est aussi indiquée." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:394 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " Source: vim\n" " Section: editors\n" " Priority: optional\n" " <snip>\n" " Vcs-Svn: svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-vim/trunk/packages/vim\n" " Vcs-Browser: http://svn.debian.org/wsvn/pkg-vim/trunk/packages/vim\n" " Homepage: http://www.vim.org\n" msgstr "" "\n" " Source: vim\n" " Section: editors\n" " Priority: optional\n" " <snip>\n" " Vcs-Svn: svn://svn.debian.org/svn/pkg-vim/trunk/packages/vim\n" " Vcs-Browser: http://svn.debian.org/wsvn/pkg-vim/trunk/packages/vim\n" " Homepage: http://www.vim.org\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:410 msgid "Best practices for <filename>debian/changelog</filename>" msgstr "Meilleures pratiques pour <filename>debian/changelog</filename>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:412 msgid "" "The following practices supplement the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-" "docs.html#s-changelogs\">Policy on changelog files</ulink>." msgstr "" "Les indications de cette partie complètent la <ulink url=\"&url-debian-" "policy;ch-docs.html#s-changelogs\">Charte Debian pour ce qui concerne les " "fichiers de journaux de changements (« changelog »)</ulink>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:417 msgid "Writing useful changelog entries" msgstr "Écrire des entrées de journalisation utiles" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:419 msgid "" "The changelog entry for a package revision documents changes in that " "revision, and only them. Concentrate on describing significant and user-" "visible changes that were made since the last version." msgstr "" "La document de suivi des modifications ( « changelog ») documente uniquement " "les changement intervenus dans la version courante. Il est suggéré de mettre " "l'accent sur les modifications visibles ou affectant potentiellement les " "utilisateurs, réalisées depuis la version précédente." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:424 msgid "" "Focus on <emphasis>what</emphasis> was changed — who, how and when are " "usually less important. Having said that, remember to politely attribute " "people who have provided notable help in making the package (e.g., those who " "have sent in patches)." msgstr "" "Il est conseillé de mettre l'accent sur <emphasis>ce</emphasis> qui a été " "modifié, plutôt que comment, par qui et quand elle a été réalisée.Cela dit, " "il est conseillé, par courtoisie, d'indiquer les auteurs qui ont apporté une " "aide significative à la maintenance du paquet (p. ex. lorsque ces personnes " "ont envoyé des correctifs)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:430 msgid "" "There's no need to elaborate the trivial and obvious changes. You can also " "aggregate several changes in one entry. On the other hand, don't be overly " "terse if you have undertaken a major change. Be especially clear if there " "are changes that affect the behaviour of the program. For further " "explanations, use the <filename>README.Debian</filename> file." msgstr "" "Il n'est pas indispensable d'indiquer les détails des modifications " "triviales. Il est également possible de grouper plusieurs modifications sur " "une même entrée. Cependant, évitez une documentation trop concise pour les " "modifications majeures. Il est particulièrement conseillé d'être très clair " "sur les modifications qui affectent le comportement du programme. Pour des " "explications plus détaillées, vous pouvez aussi utiliser le fichier " "<filename>README.Debian</filename>. " # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:437 msgid "" "Use common English so that the majority of readers can comprehend it. Avoid " "abbreviations, tech-speak and jargon when explaining changes that close " "bugs, especially for bugs filed by users that did not strike you as " "particularly technically savvy. Be polite, don't swear." msgstr "" "Utilisez un anglais simple que la majorité des lecteurs puissent comprendre. " "Évitez les abréviations et le jargon technique lorsque des modifications " "permettent la clôture de bogues. Cel est vrai notamment quand vous pensez " "que les utilisateurs qui les ont envoyés n'ont pas de connaissances " "techniques importantes. Une formulation polie est à préférer et la vulgarité " "à prohiber." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:443 msgid "" "It is sometimes desirable to prefix changelog entries with the names of the " "files that were changed. However, there's no need to explicitly list each " "and every last one of the changed files, especially if the change was small " "or repetitive. You may use wildcards." msgstr "" "Il est parfois souhaitable de faire précéder les entrées du journal des " "modifications par les noms des fichiers modifiés. Cependant, rien n'oblige à " "mentionner le moindre fichier modifié, notamment si la modification est " "simple ou répétitive. L'utilisation de caractères joker est possible." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:449 msgid "" "When referring to bugs, don't assume anything. Say what the problem was, " "how it was fixed, and append the closes: #nnnnn string. See <xref linkend=" "\"upload-bugfix\"/> for more information." msgstr "" "Ne faites pas de suppositions lorsque vous faites référence à un bogue. " "Indiquez quel était le problème, comment il a été corrigé et ajoutez la " "chaîne closes: #nnnnn. Veuillez consulter <xref linkend=\"upload-bugfix\"/> " "pour plus d'informations." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:456 msgid "Common misconceptions about changelog entries" msgstr "Erreur communes pour les entrées de journaux de modifications" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:458 msgid "" "The changelog entries should <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</emphasis> " "document generic packaging issues (Hey, if you're looking for foo.conf, it's " "in /etc/blah/.), since administrators and users are supposed to be at least " "remotely acquainted with how such things are generally arranged on Debian " "systems. Do, however, mention if you change the location of a configuration " "file." msgstr "" "Les entrée de journal des modifications ne devraient <emphasis role=\"strong" "\">pas</emphasis> documenter les points spécifiques de la réalisation du " "paquet (« si vous cherchez le fichief toto.conf, il est situé dans /etc/" "titi ») car les administateurs et les utilisateurs sont censés avoir " "l'habitude de la façon dont ces aspects sont traités sur un système Debian. " "Pensez, par contre, à documenter la modification de l'emplacement d'un " "fichier de configuration." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:466 msgid "" "The only bugs closed with a changelog entry should be those that are " "actually fixed in the same package revision. Closing unrelated bugs in the " "changelog is bad practice. See <xref linkend=\"upload-bugfix\"/> ." msgstr "" "Les seuls bogues fermés par une entrée de journal de modifications devraient " "être ceux qui sont corrigés par la version correspondante du paquet. Fermer " "de cette manière des bogues qui n'ont aucun rapport avec la nouvelle version " "est considéré comme une mavaise habitude. Veuillez consulter <xref linkend=" "\"upload-bugfix\"/> ." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:471 msgid "" "The changelog entries should <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</emphasis> be " "used for random discussion with bug reporters (I don't see segfaults when " "starting foo with option bar; send in more info), general statements on " "life, the universe and everything (sorry this upload took me so long, but I " "caught the flu), or pleas for help (the bug list on this package is huge, " "please lend me a hand). Such things usually won't be noticed by their " "target audience, but may annoy people who wish to read information about " "actual changes in the package. See <xref linkend=\"bug-answering\"/> for " "more information on how to use the bug tracking system." msgstr "" "Les entrées du journal des modifications ne devraient <emphasis role=\"strong" "\">pas</emphasis> être utilisées pour des discussions variées avec les " "émetteurs des rapports de bogues (p. ex. : « je n'ai pas d'erreur de " "segmentation quand je lance toto avec l'option titi, merci d'envoyer plus " "d'informations »). De même, les considérations générales sur la vie, " "l'univers et le reste (« désolé, cet envoi m'a pris plus longtemps que prévu, " "mais j'avais un rhume ») ou encore des demandes d'aide (« la liste de bogues " "de ce paquet est très longue, merci de me donner un coup de main ») sont à " "éviter. Ces mentions ne seront généralement pas remarquées par leur public " "potentiel et peuvent ennuyer les personnes qui cherchent à lire les " "modifications encours du paquet. Veuillez vous reporter à <xref linkend=" "\"bug-answering\"/> pour plus d'informations sur l'utilisation du système de " "gestion des bogues." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:482 msgid "" "It is an old tradition to acknowledge bugs fixed in non-maintainer uploads " "in the first changelog entry of the proper maintainer upload. As we have " "version tracking now, it is enough to keep the NMUed changelog entries and " "just mention this fact in your own changelog entry." msgstr "" "Une tradition assez ancienne veut que les bogues fixés dans les NMU soient " "acquittés dans la première entrée du journal des modification d'une nouvelle " "version construite par le mainteneur. Depuis l'existence du suivi de version " "pour le système de gestion de bogues, cette pratique est obsolète à " "condition de conserver les entrées du journal des modification des NMUs. Il " "est éventuellement possible de simplement mentionner les NMUs dans votre " "propre entrée de journal des modifications." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:490 msgid "Common errors in changelog entries" msgstr "Erreurs usuelles dans les entrées du journal des modifications" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:492 msgid "" "The following examples demonstrate some common errors or examples of bad " "style in changelog entries." msgstr "" "Les exemples suivants sont des erreurs usuelles ou des exemples de mauvaises " "pratiques dans le style des entrées de journaux de modifications (NdT : le " "texte est volontairement laissé non traduit)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:495 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Fixed all outstanding bugs.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Fixed all outstanding bugs.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:499 msgid "This doesn't tell readers anything too useful, obviously." msgstr "Cela ne donne évidemment aucune indication au lecteur." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:501 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Applied patch from Jane Random.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Applied patch from Jane Random.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:505 msgid "What was the patch about?" msgstr "Que faisait ce correctif ?" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:507 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Late night install target overhaul.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Late night install target overhaul.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:511 msgid "" "Overhaul which accomplished what? Is the mention of late night supposed to " "remind us that we shouldn't trust that code?" msgstr "" "Qu'est-ce que cela a amené ? Est-ce que la mention du fait que cela ait été " "fait tard la nuit doit nous alerter sur la probable mauvaise qualité du " "code ?" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:514 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Fix vsync FU w/ ancient CRTs.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Fix vsync FU w/ ancient CRTs.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:518 msgid "" "Too many acronyms, and it's not overly clear what the, uh, fsckup (oops, a " "curse word!) was actually about, or how it was fixed." msgstr "" "Trop d'acronymes qui rendent difficile de savoir ce qu'était le " "« merdoyage » (NdT : FU signifie « fsckup », donc cet exemple ajoute la " "vulgarité à l'incompréhensibilité) ou comment il a été corrigé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:521 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * This is not a bug, closes: #nnnnnn.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * This is not a bug, closes: #nnnnnn.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:525 msgid "" "First of all, there's absolutely no need to upload the package to convey " "this information; instead, use the bug tracking system. Secondly, there's " "no explanation as to why the report is not a bug." msgstr "" "Il est inutile de faire un nouvel envoi de paquet pour envoyer cette " "information. Il suffit de simplement utiliser le système de suivi des " "bogues. De plus, aucune explication n'est donnée sur les raisons qui font " "que le problème n'est pas un bogue." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:529 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Has been fixed for ages, but I forgot to close; closes: #54321.\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Has been fixed for ages, but I forgot to close; closes: #54321.\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:533 msgid "" "If for some reason you didn't mention the bug number in a previous changelog " "entry, there's no problem, just close the bug normally in the BTS. There's " "no need to touch the changelog file, presuming the description of the fix is " "already in (this applies to the fixes by the upstream authors/maintainers as " "well, you don't have to track bugs that they fixed ages ago in your " "changelog)." msgstr "" "Si, pour une raison donnée, vous avez omis de mentionner un numéro de bogue " "dans une entrée précédente, il n'y a pas de problèmes : il suffit de " "clôturer le bogue normalement dans le système de suivi des bogues. Il est " "inutile de changer le journal des modifications si on suppose que les " "explications sur la correction du bogue sont dans le bogue lui-même (cela " "s'applique également au suivi des bogues des auteurs amont : il est inutile " "de suivre, dans le journal des modifications, les bogues qu'ils ont corrigés " "depuis longtemps)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:539 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " * Closes: #12345, #12346, #15432\n" msgstr "" "\n" " * Closes: #12345, #12346, #15432\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:543 msgid "" "Where's the description? If you can't think of a descriptive message, start " "by inserting the title of each different bug." msgstr "" "Où est la description ?Si vous ne trouvez pas de message suffisamment " "explicite, vous pouvez au moins utiliser le titre du rapport de bogue." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:549 msgid "Supplementing changelogs with NEWS.Debian files" msgstr "Compléter les journaux de modifications avec des fichiers NEWS.Debian" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:551 msgid "" "Important news about changes in a package can also be put in <filename> NEWS." "Debian</filename> files. The news will be displayed by tools like apt-" "listchanges, before all the rest of the changelogs. This is the preferred " "means to let the user know about significant changes in a package. It is " "better than using debconf notes since it is less annoying and the user can " "go back and refer to the <filename> NEWS.Debian</filename> file after the " "install. And it's better than listing major changes in <filename>README." "Debian</filename>, since the user can easily miss such notes." msgstr "" "Les nouvelles importantes sur les modifications survenues dans un paquet " "peuvent êre palcées dans des fichiers <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename>. Ces " "nouvelles seront arrichées par des outils tels que apt-listchanges, avant " "tout le reste des modifications. Cette méthode est à privilégier pour " "diffuser aux utilisateurs d'un paquet les modifications importantes qu'il " "subit. Il est préférable de l'utiliser plutôt que des notes debconf car ce " "système permet de revenir lire les fichiers <filename> NEWS.Debian</" "filename> après l'installation alors qu'un utilisateur peut assez facilement " "ne pas remarquer l'affichage d'une note debconf (Ndt : a contrario, les " "fichiers <filename> NEWS.Debian</filename> ne peuvent être traduits)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:562 msgid "" "The file format is the same as a debian changelog file, but leave off the " "asterisks and describe each news item with a full paragraph when necessary " "rather than the more concise summaries that would go in a changelog. It's a " "good idea to run your file through <literal>dpkg-parsechangelog</literal> to " "check its formatting as it will not be automatically checked during build as " "the changelog is. Here is an example of a real <filename>NEWS.Debian </" "filename> file:" msgstr "" "Le format de ce fichier est analogue à un journal de modifications Debian, " "mais n'utilise pas d'astérisques et chaque entrée utilise un paragraphe " "complet plutôt que les mentions succinctes qui prendraient pas dans le " "journal des modifications. Il est conseillé de traiter le fichier avec " "<literal>dpkg-parsechangelog</literal>, ce qui permet d'en vérifier la mise " "en forme, car il ne sera pas automatiquement modifié pendant la construction " "du paquet, au contraire du journal des modifications. Voici un exemple d'un " "fichier <filename>NEWS.Debian </filename> réel :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:570 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "cron (3.0pl1-74) unstable; urgency=low\n" "\n" " The checksecurity script is no longer included with the cron package:\n" " it now has its own package, checksecurity. If you liked the\n" " functionality provided with that script, please install the new\n" " package.\n" "\n" " -- Steve Greenland <stevegr@debian.org> Sat, 6 Sep 2003 17:15:03 -0500\n" msgstr "" "\n" "cron (3.0pl1-74) unstable; urgency=low\n" "\n" " The checksecurity script is no longer included with the cron package:\n" " it now has its own package, checksecurity. If you liked the\n" " functionality provided with that script, please install the new\n" " package.\n" "\n" " -- Steve Greenland <stevegr@debian.org> Sat, 6 Sep 2003 17:15:03 -0500\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:581 msgid "" "The <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> file is installed as <filename> /usr/" "share/doc/<replaceable>package</replaceable>/NEWS.Debian.gz</filename>. It " "is compressed, and always has that name even in Debian native packages. If " "you use <literal>debhelper</literal>, <literal>dh_installchangelogs </" "literal> will install <filename>debian/NEWS</filename> files for you." msgstr "" "Le fichier <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> est installé sous le nom " "<filename> /usr/share/doc/<replaceable>paquet</replaceable>/NEWS.Debian.gz</" "filename>. Il est compressé et porte toujours ce nom même pou rles paquets " "Debian natifs. Si vous utilisez <literal>debhelper</literal>, " "<literal>dh_installchangelogs</literal> installera les fichiers " "<filename>debian/NEWS</filename> automatiquement." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:588 msgid "" "Unlike changelog files, you need not update <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> " "files with every release. Only update them if you have something " "particularly newsworthy that user should know about. If you have no news at " "all, there's no need to ship a <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> file in your " "package. No news is good news!" msgstr "" "À la différence des journaux de modifications, vous n'avez pas besoin de " "mettre <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> à jour à chaque nouvelle version. Il " "est suffisant de le mettre à jour quand une information importante doit être " "diffusée aux utilisateurs. Si vous n'avez pas d'information importante à " "diffuser, il n'est pas nécessaire d'utiliser un fichier <filename>NEWS." "Debian</filename> avec le paquet. Pas de nouvelles, bonnes nouvelles !" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:610 msgid "Best practices for maintainer scripts" msgstr "Meilleurs pratiques pour les scripts du responsable" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:612 msgid "" "Maintainer scripts include the files <filename>debian/postinst</filename>, " "<filename>debian/preinst</filename>, <filename>debian/prerm</filename> and " "<filename>debian/postrm</filename>. These scripts take care of any package " "installation or deinstallation setup which isn't handled merely by the " "creation or removal of files and directories. The following instructions " "supplement the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;\">Debian Policy</ulink>." msgstr "" "Les scripts du responsable (« maintainer scripts ») sont les fichiers " "<filename>debian/postinst</filename>, <filename>debian/preinst</filename>, " "<filename>debian/prerm</filename> and <filename>debian/postrm</filename>. " "Ces scripts peuvent prendre en charge les phases d'installation ou de " "désinstallation non autonatiquement gérées dans la phasesla création ou la " "suppression de fichiers ou de répertoires. Les instruction qui suivent " "complètent celles de la charte Debian." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:620 msgid "" "Maintainer scripts must be idempotent. That means that you need to make " "sure nothing bad will happen if the script is called twice where it would " "usually be called once." msgstr "" "Les scripts du responsable doivent être robustes. Cela signifie que vous " "devez vous assurer que rien de grave ne se produit si un script est lancé " "deux fois au lieu d'une." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:625 msgid "" "Standard input and output may be redirected (e.g. into pipes) for logging " "purposes, so don't rely on them being a tty." msgstr "" "L'entrée et la sortie standard peuvent être redirigées (p. ex. dans des " "tuyaux) pour des besoins de journalisation. Il est donc recommandé qu'il ne " "soient pas dépendants d'un terminal." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:629 msgid "" "All prompting or interactive configuration should be kept to a minimum. " "When it is necessary, you should use the <systemitem role=\"package" "\">debconf</systemitem> package for the interface. Remember that prompting " "in any case can only be in the <literal>configure</literal> stage of the " "<filename>postinst</filename> script." msgstr "" "Toute interaction avec l'utilisateur doit être limitée au maximum. " "Lorsqu'elle est nécessaire, vous devriez utiliser le paquet <systemitem role=" "\"package\">debconf</systemitem> comme interface. Veuillez noter que " "l'interaction doit impérativement se faire à l'étape <literal>configure</" "literal> du script <filename>postinst</filename>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:636 msgid "" "Keep the maintainer scripts as simple as possible. We suggest you use pure " "POSIX shell scripts. Remember, if you do need any bash features, the " "maintainer script must have a bash shebang line. POSIX shell or Bash are " "preferred to Perl, since they enable <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</" "systemitem> to easily add bits to the scripts." msgstr "" "Vous devriez garder les scripts du responsable aussi simples que possible et " "utiliser de préférence des scripts shell POSIX stricts. Veuillez noter que " "si vous avez besoin de spécificités de bash, vous devez utiliser une ligne " "« shebang » pour bash. Les scripts POSIX ou Bash sont encouragés par rapport " "aux scripts Perl, car <systemitem role=\"package\">debhelper</systemitem> " "peut alors y ajouter des fonctions." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:643 msgid "" "If you change your maintainer scripts, be sure to test package removal, " "double installation, and purging. Be sure that a purged package is " "completely gone, that is, it must remove any files created, directly or " "indirectly, in any maintainer script." msgstr "" "Si vous modifiez les scripts du reponsable, veillez à vérifier la " "suppression du paquet, la double installation et la purge. Vérifiez qu'un " "paquet purgé est entièrement éliminé, c'est à dire qu'il a supprimé tous les " "fichiers qu'il a créé, directement ou indirectement dans ses scripts du " "responsable." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:649 msgid "" "If you need to check for the existence of a command, you should use " "something like" msgstr "" "Si vous avez besoin de vérifier l'existence d'une commande, vous devriez " "utiliser quelque chose comme" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><programlisting> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:652 #, no-wrap msgid "if [ -x /usr/sbin/install-docs ]; then ..." msgstr "if [ -x /usr/sbin/install-docs ]; then ..." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:654 msgid "" "If you don't wish to hard-code the path of a command in your maintainer " "script, the following POSIX-compliant shell function may help:" msgstr "" "Si vous ne voulez pas coder en dur le chemin d'une commande dans vos scripts " "de responsable, la fonction shell conforme à POSIX suivante peut vous aider :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:659 msgid "" "You can use this function to search <literal>$PATH</literal> for a command " "name, passed as an argument. It returns true (zero) if the command was " "found, and false if not. This is really the most portable way, since " "<literal>command -v</literal>, <command>type</command>, and <command>which</" "command> are not POSIX." msgstr "" "Vous pouvez utiliser cette fonction pour rechercher dans <literal>$PATH</" "literal> une commande donnée, passée en paramètre. Elle renvoie " "« true » (zéro) si la commande est trouvée et « false » dans le cas contraire. " "Il s'agit de la méthode la plus portable car <literal>command -v</literal>, " "<command>type</command>, et <command>which</command> ne sont pas conformes à " "POSIX." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:666 msgid "" "While <command>which</command> is an acceptable alternative, since it is " "from the required <systemitem role=\"package\">debianutils</systemitem> " "package, it's not on the root partition. That is, it's in <filename>/usr/" "bin</filename> rather than <filename>/bin</filename>, so one can't use it in " "scripts which are run before the <filename>/usr</filename> partition is " "mounted. Most scripts won't have this problem, though." msgstr "" "Bien que <command>which</command> soit acceptable car fourni dans le paquet " "requis <systemitem role=\"package\">debianutils</systemitem>, il n'est pas " "disponible sur la partition racine mais est situé dans le répertoire " "<filename>/usr/bin</filename> au lieu de <filename>/bin</filename>, ce qui " "rend son utilisation impossible si <filename>/usr</filename> n'est pas " "encore monté. De nombreux scripts ne seront toutefois pas affectés par cela, " "cependant." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:676 msgid "" "Configuration management with <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</" "systemitem>" msgstr "" "Gestion de la configuration avec <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</" "systemitem>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:678 msgid "" "<systemitem role=\"package\">Debconf</systemitem> is a configuration " "management system which can be used by all the various packaging scripts " "(<filename>postinst</filename> mainly) to request feedback from the user " "concerning how to configure the package. Direct user interactions must now " "be avoided in favor of <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> " "interaction. This will enable non-interactive installations in the future." msgstr "" "<systemitem role=\"package\">Debconf</systemitem> est un système de gestion " "de configuration qui peut être utilisé par les divers scripts des paquets " "(<filename>postinst</filename> notamment) pour interagir avec l'utilisateur " "sur des choix à opérer pour la configuration du paquet. Les interactions " "directes avec l'utilisateurs doivent être prohibées en faveur de <systemitem " "role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem>, notamment pour permettre des " "installations non interactives." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:686 msgid "" "Debconf is a great tool but it is often poorly used. Many common mistakes " "are listed in the <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </citerefentry> man page. It is " "something that you must read if you decide to use debconf. Also, we " "document some best practices here." msgstr "" "<systemitem role=\"package\">Debconf</systemitem> est un outil très partique " "mais souvent mal utilisé. De nombreuses erreurs classiques sotn mentionnées " "dans la page de manuel <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </citerefentry>. Il est " "indispensable de lire cette page de manuel avant de décider d'utiliser " "debconf. Quelques bonnes pratiques sont également indiquées dans le présent " "document." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:693 msgid "" "These guidelines include some writing style and typography recommendations, " "general considerations about debconf usage as well as more specific " "recommendations for some parts of the distribution (the installation system " "for instance)." msgstr "" "Les présents conseils comportent des indications sur le style d'écriture et " "la typographie, des considérations générales sur l'utilisation de " "<systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> ainsi que des " "recommandations plus spécifiques relatives à certaines parties de la " "distribution (le système d'installation notamment)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:699 msgid "Do not abuse debconf" msgstr "N'abusez pas de <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:701 msgid "" "Since debconf appeared in Debian, it has been widely abused and several " "criticisms received by the Debian distribution come from debconf abuse with " "the need of answering a wide bunch of questions before getting any little " "thing installed." msgstr "" "Depuis que <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> est apparu dans " "Debian, il a été largement trop utilisé et de nombreuses critiques ont été " "émises à l'encontre de la distribution Debian pour abus d'utilisation de " "<systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem>, avec la nécessité de " "répondre à un nombre très important de questions avant d'avoir un quelconque " "outil installé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:707 msgid "" "Keep usage notes to what they belong: the NEWS.Debian, or README.Debian " "file. Only use notes for important notes which may directly affect the " "package usability. Remember that notes will always block the install until " "confirmed or bother the user by email." msgstr "" "Les notes d'utilisation doivent être réservées à leur emplacement " "naturel : le fichier <filename>NEWS.Debian</filename> ou <filename>README." "Debian</filename>. N'utilisez les notes que pour des points importants qui " "peuvent directement concerner l'utilisabilité du paquet. Les notes " "interrompent l'installation tant qu'elles ne sont pas confirmées et elles " "peuvent conduire à des envois de courriers électroniques aux utilisateurs." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:713 msgid "" "Carefully choose the questions priorities in maintainer scripts. See " "<citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</" "manvolnum> </citerefentry> for details about priorities. Most questions " "should use medium and low priorities." msgstr "" "Choisissez soigneusement les questions posées dans les scripts du " "responsable. Veuillez consulter la page de manuel <citerefentry> " "<refentrytitle>debconf-devel</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </" "citerefentry> pour plus de détails sur les priorités. La plupart des " "questions devraient utiliser les priorités « intermédiaire » ou « basse »." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:721 msgid "General recommendations for authors and translators" msgstr "Recommandations générales pour les auteurs et les traducteurs" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:723 msgid "Write correct English" msgstr "Écrivez en anglais correct" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:725 msgid "" "Most Debian package maintainers are not native English speakers. So, " "writing properly phrased templates may not be easy for them." msgstr "" "La plupart des responsables de paquets Debian ne sont pas anglophones. Il " "n'est donc pas nécessairement facile pour eux d'écrire des écrans " "correctement." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:729 msgid "" "Please use (and abuse) &email-debian-l10n-english; mailing list. Have your " "templates proofread." msgstr "" "Penez à utiliser, voire abuser, la liste &email-debian-l10n-english;. Faites " "relire vos écrans." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:733 msgid "" "Badly written templates give a poor image of your package, of your work...or " "even of Debian itself." msgstr "" "Des écrans mal écrits fournissent une image négative de votre paquet, de " "votre travail ou même de Debian en général." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:737 msgid "" "Avoid technical jargon as much as possible. If some terms sound common to " "you, they may be impossible to understand for others. If you cannot avoid " "them, try to explain them (use the extended description). When doing so, " "try to balance between verbosity and simplicity." msgstr "" "Évitez le plus possible le jargon technique.Si certains termes vous sont " "familiers, ils peuvent être impossible à comprendre pour d'autres. Si vous " "ne pouvez les éviter, tentez de les expliquer (avec la description étendue). " "Dans ce cas, tentez de faire la part des choses entre simplicité et verbiage." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:745 msgid "Be kind to translators" msgstr "Pensez aux traducteurs" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:747 msgid "" "Debconf templates may be translated. Debconf, along with its sister package " "<command>po-debconf</command> offers a simple framework for getting " "templates translated by translation teams or even individuals." msgstr "" "Les écrans de <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> peuvent être " "traduits. <systemitem role=\"package\">Debconf</systemitem> et son paquet " "jumeau <systemitem role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem> fournissent un " "ensemble simple permettant la traduction des écrans par des équipes de " "traductions ou des traducteurs isolés." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:752 msgid "" "Please use gettext-based templates. Install <systemitem role=\"package\">po-" "debconf</systemitem> on your development system and read its documentation " "(<literal>man po-debconf</literal> is a good start)." msgstr "" "Utilisez des écrans permettant l'utilisation de gettext. Installez le paquet " "<systemitem role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem> sur votre machine de " "développement et lisez sa documentation (<literal>man po-debconf</literal> " "est un bon début)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:757 msgid "" "Avoid changing templates too often. Changing templates text induces more " "work to translators which will get their translation fuzzied. If you plan " "changes to your original templates, please contact translators. Most active " "translators are very responsive and getting their work included along with " "your modified templates will save you additional uploads. If you use " "gettext-based templates, the translator's name and e-mail addresses are " "mentioned in the po files headers." msgstr "" "Évitez de changer les écrans trop souvent. La modification des textes des " "écrans impacte les traducteurs dont les traductions vont devenir " "« floues » (« fuzzy »). Si vous prévoyez des modifications aux écrans " "d'origine, veuillez contacter les traducteurs. La plupart d'entre eux sont " "réactifs et inclure des mises à jour en même temps que les modifications aux " "écrans d'origine vous évitera des envois ultérieurs pour la mise à jour des " "traductions. Si vous utilisez des écrans se servant de gettext, le nom et " "l'adresse électronique des traducteurs sont mentionnés dans les en-têtes des " "fichiers PO." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:766 msgid "" "The use of the <command>podebconf-report-po</command> from the <systemitem " "role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem> package is highly recommended to " "warn translators which have incomplete translations and request them for " "updates." msgstr "" "L'utilisation de la commande <command>podebconf-report-po</command> fournie " "par le paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem> est " "fortement recommandée pour avertir les traducteurs dont les traductions sont " "incomplètes et leur demander de les mettre à jour." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:771 msgid "" "If in doubt, you may also contact the translation team for a given language " "(debian-l10n-xxxxx@&lists-host;), or the &email-debian-i18n; mailing list." msgstr "" "Dans le doute, vous pouvez également contacter l'équipe de traduction d'une " "langue donnée (debian-l10n-xxxxx@&lists-host;) ou la liste de diffusion " "&email-debian-i18n;." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:776 msgid "" "Calls for translations posted to &email-debian-i18n; with the " "<filename>debian/po/templates.pot</filename> file attached or referenced in " "a URL are encouraged. Be sure to mentions in these calls for new " "translations which languages you have existing translations for, in order to " "avoid duplicate work." msgstr "" "Des appels à traductions envoyés dans &email-debian-i18n;, avec le fichier " "<filename>debian/po/templates.pot</filename> attaché sont encouragés. " "Veuillez vous assurer de bien mentionner dans ces appels à traductions les " "langues pour lesquelles des traductions existent déjà, afin d'éviter du " "travail en double." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:785 msgid "Unfuzzy complete translations when correcting typos and spelling" msgstr "" "Correction (« unfuzzy ») des traductions complètes lors des corrections de " "fautes de frappe ou d'orthographe" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:787 msgid "" "When the text of a debconf template is corrected and you are <emphasis role=" "\"strong\">sure</emphasis> that the change does <emphasis role=\"strong" "\">not</emphasis> affect translations, please be kind to translators and " "unfuzzy their translations." msgstr "" "Lorsque le texte d'un écran de debconf est corrigé et que vous avec la " "<emphasis role=\"strong\">certitude</emphasis> que la modification n'affecte " "<emphasis role=\"strong\">pas</emphasis> les traductions, pensez aux " "traducteurs et rendez leur translations à nouveau complètes (« unfuzzy »)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:793 msgid "" "If you don't do so, the whole template will not be translated as long as a " "translator will send you an update." msgstr "" "Si cela n'est pas fait, l'ensemble de l'écran debconf ne sera plus traduit " "tant qu'un traducteur n'aura pas réenvoyé un fichier corrigé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:797 msgid "" "To <literal>unfuzzy</literal> translations, you can proceed the following " "way:" msgstr "Pour corriger les traductions, vous pouvez procéder de la manière suivante :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:803 msgid "" "Put all incomplete PO files out of the way. You can check the completeness " "by using (needs the <systemitem role=\"package\">gettext</systemitem> " "package installed):" msgstr "" "Déplacez les fichiers PO incomplets à un endroit temporaire. Les fichiers " "peuvent être contrôlés avec la commande suivante (qui nécessite " "l'installation du paquet <systemitem role=\"package\">gettext</systemitem>) :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:807 #, no-wrap msgid "" "for i in debian/po/*po; do echo -n $i: ; msgfmt -o /dev/null\n" "--statistics $i; done" msgstr "" "for i in debian/po/*po; do echo -n $i: ; msgfmt -o /dev/null\n" "--statistics $i; done" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:812 msgid "" "move all files which report either fuzzy strings to a temporary place. " "Files which report no fuzzy strings (only translated and untranslated) will " "be kept in place." msgstr "" "déplacez tous les fichiers qui indiquent comporter des chaînes floues " "(fuzzy) dans un répertoire temporaire. Les fichiers qui ne comportent pas de " "chaînes floues (seulement des chaînes traduites ou non traduites) peuvent " "être laissés en place." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:819 msgid "" "now <emphasis role=\"strong\">and now only</emphasis>, modify the template " "for the typos and check again that translation are not impacted (typos, " "spelling errors, sometimes typographical corrections are usually OK)" msgstr "" "maintenant <emphasis role=\"strong\">et pas avant</emphasis>, vous pouvez " "corriger le fichier « templates » en vous assurant à nouveau que les " "traductions ne risquent pas d'être affectées (des fautes de frappes, des " "erreurs grammaticales et parfois des erreurs typographiques ne posent en " "général pas de problèmes)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:826 msgid "" "run <command>debconf-updatepo</command>. This will fuzzy all strings you " "modified in translations. You can see this by running the above again" msgstr "" "exécutez la commande <command>debconf-updatepo</command>. Cette commande va " "rendre floues les traductions des chaînes que vous avez modifiées. Cela peut " "être contrôlé avec la commande ci-dessus à nouveau." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:832 msgid "use the following command:" msgstr "utilisez la commande suivante :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:834 #, no-wrap msgid "for i in debian/po/*po; do msgattrib --output-file=$i --clear-fuzzy $i; done" msgstr "for i in debian/po/*po; do msgattrib --output-file=$i --clear-fuzzy $i; done" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:838 msgid "move back to debian/po the files which showed fuzzy strings in the first step" msgstr "" "replacez à nouveau dans <filename>debian/po</filename> les fichiers " "précédemment déplacés." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:843 msgid "run <command>debconf-updatepo</command> again" msgstr "exécutez la commande <command>debconf-updatepo</command> à nouveau" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:850 msgid "Do not make assumptions about interfaces" msgstr "Ne faites pas de suppositions sur les interfaces utilisateurs" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:852 msgid "" "Templates text should not make reference to widgets belonging to some " "debconf interfaces. Sentences like If you answer Yes... have no meaning " "for users of graphical interfaces which use checkboxes for boolean questions." msgstr "" "Les textes des écrans ne devraiernt pas faire référence aux éléments " "disponibles sur certaines interfaces de debconf. Des phrases telles que « If " "you answer Yes » ne signifient rien avec les interfaces graphiques où des " "boutons radio sont utilisés pour les questions booléennes." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:857 msgid "" "String templates should also avoid mentioning the default values in their " "description. First, because this is redundant with the values seen by the " "users. Also, because these default values may be different from the " "maintainer choices (for instance, when the debconf database was preseeded)." msgstr "" "Les écrans de type « string » ne devraient pas faire référence aux valeurs " "par défaut dans leur description. Cela est tout d'abord redondant avec les " "valeurs visibles par les utilisateurs. Mais également, les valeurs " "présentées par défaut peuvent être différentes du choix du mainteneur (par " "exemple, lorsque la base de données de debconf a été pré-renseignée)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:863 msgid "" "More generally speaking, try to avoid referring to user actions. Just give " "facts." msgstr "" "De manière plus générale, évitez de faire référence à des actions " "particulières des utilisateurs et donnez simplement des faits." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:869 msgid "Do not use first person" msgstr "N'utilisez pas la première personne" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:871 msgid "" "You should avoid the use of first person (I will do this... or We " "recommend...). The computer is not a person and the Debconf templates do " "not speak for the Debian developers. You should use neutral construction. " "Those of you who already wrote scientific publications, just write your " "templates like you would write a scientific paper. However, try using " "action voice if still possible, like Enable this if ... instead of This can " "be enabled if ...." msgstr "" "Vous devriez éviter l'utilisation de la première personne (« Je vais faire " "ceci » ou « Nous recommandons que... »). L'ordinateur n'est pas une personne " "et les écrans de debconf ne parlent pas au nom des développeurs de Debian. " "Vous devriez utiliser des constructions neutres. Pour les personnes " "familières de la publisation scientifiques, il suffit en général d'adopter " "le style d'écriture qui y est utilisé. Tentez cependant d'utiliser la forme " "active si possible. Par exemple : « Enable this if... » au lieu de « This can " "be enabled if... »." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:881 msgid "Be gender neutral" msgstr "Restez neutre en genre" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:883 msgid "" "The world is made of men and women. Please use gender-neutral constructions " "in your writing." msgstr "Le monde est fait d'hommes et de femmes. Veuillez utiliser des constructions neutres en genre dans vos écrits." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:891 msgid "Templates fields definition" msgstr "Définition de champs des modèles (« templates »)" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:893 msgid "" "This part gives some information which is mostly taken from the " "<citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</" "manvolnum> </citerefentry> manual page." msgstr "" "Les informations présentées dans cette partie proviennent pour l'essentiel de la page de manuel <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>debconf-devel</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</" "manvolnum> </citerefentry>" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:898 msgid "Type" msgstr "Type" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:900 msgid "string:" msgstr "string:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:902 msgid "Results in a free-form input field that the user can type any string into." msgstr "offre un champ de saisie où l'utilisateur peut entrer n'importe quelle chaîne de caractère." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:907 msgid "password:" msgstr "password:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:909 msgid "" "Prompts the user for a password. Use this with caution; be aware that the " "password the user enters will be written to debconf's database. You should " "probably clean that value out of the database as soon as is possible." msgstr "demande un mot de passe. Ce champ est à utiliser avec précaution car le mot de passe saisi sera conservé dans la base de données de debconf. Il est conseillé d'effacer cette valeur de la base de donnes dès que possible." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:916 msgid "boolean:" msgstr "boolean:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:918 msgid "" "A true/false choice. Remember: true/false, <emphasis role=\"strong\">not " "yes/no</emphasis>..." msgstr "offre un choix vrai/faux. Veuillez noter que c'est bien d'un choix vrai/faux, <emphasis role=\"strong\">pas oui/non</emphasis>..." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:924 msgid "select:" msgstr "select:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:926 msgid "" "A choice between one of a number of values. The choices must be specified " "in a field named 'Choices'. Separate the possible values with commas and " "spaces, like this: Choices: yes, no, maybe" msgstr "offre le choix entre différentes valeurs. Les choix doivent être indiqués dans un champ appelé « Choices ». Les différentes valeurs doivent être séparées par des virgules et des espace. Ainsi : yes, no, maybe" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:933 msgid "multiselect:" msgstr "multiselect:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:935 msgid "" "Like the select data type, except the user can choose any number of items " "from the choices list (or chose none of them)." msgstr "similaire au type « select », mais permet de choisir plusieurs (ou aucune) valeurs parmi la liste de choix." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:941 msgid "note:" msgstr "note:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:943 msgid "" "Rather than being a question per se, this datatype indicates a note that can " "be displayed to the user. It should be used only for important notes that " "the user really should see, since debconf will go to great pains to make " "sure the user sees it; halting the install for them to press a key, and even " "mailing the note to them in some cases." msgstr "plus qu'une vraie question, ce type indique une note affichée aux utilisateurs. Elle doit être réservée à des informations importantes que l'utilisateur doit absolument voir, car debconf fera tout pour s'assurer qu'elle est visible et notamment interrompra l'installation en attente qu'une touche soit appuyée, voire envoyer la note par courrier électronique dans certains cas." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:952 msgid "text:" msgstr "text:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:954 msgid "This type is now considered obsolete: don't use it." msgstr "ce type de données est obsolète. Il ne faut pas l'utiliser." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:959 msgid "error:" msgstr "error:" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:961 msgid "" "This type is designed to handle error messages. It is mostly similar to the " "note type. Frontends may present it differently (for instance, the dialog " "frontend of cdebconf draws a red screen instead of the usual blue one)." msgstr "ce type permet de gérer des messages d'erreur. Il est analogue au type « note ». Les interfaces utilisateur peuvent le présenter différemment (ainsi l'interface « dialog » dessine un écran à fond rouge au lieu de l'écran bleu habituel)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:966 msgid "" "It is recommended to use this type for any message that needs user attention " "for a correction of any kind." msgstr "Il est recommandé d'utiliser ce type pour tout message qui requiert l'attention de l'utilisateur pour procéder à une correction, quelle qu'elle soit." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:974 msgid "Description: short and extended description" msgstr "Description: description courte et étendue" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:976 msgid "" "Template descriptions have two parts: short and extended. The short " "description is in the Description: line of the template." msgstr "Les descriptions de modèles comportent deux parties : la partie courte et la partie étendue. La partie courte est celle qui est placée sur la ligne «Description: » du modèle." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:980 msgid "" "The short description should be kept short (50 characters or so) so that it " "may be accomodated by most debconf interfaces. Keeping it short also helps " "translators, as usually translations tend to end up being longer than the " "original." msgstr "La partie courte doit rester courte (environ 50 caractères) afin de pouvoir être gérée par la majorité des interfaces de debconf. La garder courte facilite également le travail des traducteurs car les traductions sont en général plus longues que les textes originaux." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:986 msgid "" "The short description should be able to stand on its own. Some interfaces " "do not show the long description by default, or only if the user explicitely " "asks for it or even do not show it at all. Avoid things like What do you " "want to do?" msgstr "La description courte doit être autonome. Certaines interfaces ne montrent pas la description longue par défaut ou ne la montrent que si l'utilisateur le demande explicitement. Il est ainsi déconseillé d'utiliser des phrases comme « Que voulez-vous faire maintenant ? »" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:992 msgid "" "The short description does not necessarily have to be a full sentence. This " "is part of the keep it short and efficient recommendation." msgstr "La description courte ne doit pas nécessairement être une phrase entière. Cela est une façon de la garder courte et efficace." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:996 msgid "" "The extended description should not repeat the short description word for " "word. If you can't think up a long description, then first, think some " "more. Post to debian-devel. Ask for help. Take a writing class! That " "extended description is important. If after all that you still can't come " "up with anything, leave it blank." msgstr "La partie longue ne doit pas répéter la partie courte. Si vous ne trouvez pas de partie longue appropriée, réfléchissez un peu plus. Demandez dans debian-devel. Demandez de l'aide. Prenez un cours d'écriture ! La description longue est importante..et si, malgré tout cela, vous ne trouvez rien d'intéressant à ajouter, laissez-la vide." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1003 msgid "" "The extended description should use complete sentences. Paragraphs should " "be kept short for improved readability. Do not mix two ideas in the same " "paragraph but rather use another paragraph." msgstr "La partie longue doit utiliser des phrases complètes. Les paragraphes doivent rester courts pour améliorer la lisibilité. Ne placez pas deux idées différentes dans le même paragraphe mais séparez-les en deux paragraphes." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1008 msgid "" "Don't be too verbose. User tend to ignore too long screens. 20 lines are " "by experience a border you shouldn't cross, because that means that in the " "classical dialog interface, people will need to scroll, and lot of people " "just don't do that." msgstr "Ne soyez pas trop verbeux. Les utilisateurs ont tendance à ne pas lire les écrans trop longs. Un maximum de 20 lignes est une limite que vous ne devriez pas dépasser car, avec l'interface standard « dialog », les utilisateurs devront monter et descendre avec des ascenseurs, ce qui sera omis par la plupart des utilisateurs." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1014 msgid "" "The extended description should <emphasis role=\"strong\">never</emphasis> " "include a question." msgstr "" "La partie longue de la description ne devrait <emphasis role=\"strong\">jamais</emphasis> " "comporter de question." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1018 msgid "" "For specific rules depending on templates type (string, boolean, etc.), " "please read below." msgstr "Les parties qui suivent donnent des recommandations spécifiques pour certains types de modèles (string, boolean, etc.)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1024 msgid "Choices" msgstr "Choices" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1026 msgid "" "This field should be used for Select and Multiselect types. It contains the " "possible choices which will be presented to users. These choices should be " "separated by commas." msgstr "Ce champ doit être utilisé pour les types Select et Multiselect. Il contient les choix proposés aux utilisateurs. Ces choix doivent être séparés par des virgules." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1033 msgid "Default" msgstr "Default" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1035 msgid "" "This field is optional. It contains the default answer for string, select " "and multiselect templates. For multiselect templates, it may contain a " "comma-separated list of choices." msgstr "Ce champ optionnel contient la réponse par défaut pour les modèles string, select et multiselect. Dans ce dernier cas, il peut comporter une liste de choix multiples, séparés par des virgules." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1044 msgid "Templates fields specific style guide" msgstr "Guide de style spécifique à certains modèles" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1046 msgid "Type field" msgstr "Champ type" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1048 msgid "" "No specific indication except: use the appropriate type by referring to the " "previous section." msgstr "Pas d'indication particulière si ce n'est choisir le type adapté en se référant à la section précédente." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1054 msgid "Description field" msgstr "Champ Description" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1056 msgid "" "Below are specific instructions for properly writing the Description (short " "and extended) depending on the template type." msgstr "Vous trouverez ici des instruction particulières pour l'écriture du champ Description (parties courtes et longue) selon le type de modèle." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1060 msgid "String/password templates" msgstr "Modèles string et password" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1064 msgid "" "The short description is a prompt and <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</" "emphasis> a title. Avoid question style prompts (IP Address?) in favour of " "opened prompts (IP address:). The use of colons is recommended." msgstr "" "La description courte est une invite et <emphasis role=\"strong\">pas</" "emphasis> un titre. Il faut éviter la forme interrogative (« Adresse IP ? ») et préférer une invite ouverte (« Adresse IP : »). L'utilisation d'un « deux-points » final est recommandée." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1071 msgid "" "The extended description is a complement to the short description. In the " "extended part, explain what is being asked, rather than ask the same " "question again using longer words. Use complete sentences. Terse writing " "style is strongly discouraged." msgstr "La partie longue complète la partie courte. Il est conseillé d'y expliquer ce qui est demandé, plutôt que répéter la même demande. Utilisez des phrases complètes. Un style d'écriture abrégé est déconseillé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1081 msgid "Boolean templates" msgstr "Modèles « boolean »" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1085 msgid "" "The short description should be phrased in the form of a question which " "should be kept short and should generally end with a question mark. Terse " "writing style is permitted and even encouraged if the question is rather " "long (remember that translations are often longer than original versions)" msgstr "La partie courte doit utiliser la forme interrogative et se terminer par un point d'interrogation. Un style abrégé est toléré et même encouragé si la question est complexe (les traductions vont être plus longues que la version originale)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1093 msgid "" "Again, please avoid referring to specific interface widgets. A common " "mistake for such templates is if you answer Yes-type constructions." msgstr "Il est important d'éviter de faire référence aux objets de certains interfaces spécifiques. Une erreur classique est d'utiliser une construction comme « If you answer Yes... » (« Si vous répondez Oui... »)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1101 msgid "Select/Multiselect" msgstr "Select/Multiselect" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1105 msgid "" "The short description is a prompt and <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</" "emphasis> a title. Do <emphasis role=\"strong\">not</emphasis> use useless " "Please choose... constructions. Users are clever enough to figure out they " "have to choose something...:)" msgstr "" "La description courte est une invite et <emphasis role=\"strong\">pas</" "emphasis> un titre. N'utilisez <emphasis role=\"strong\">pas</emphasis> de constructions comme « Please choose... » (« Veuillez choisir... »). Les utilisateurs sont suffisamment intelligents pour comprendre qu'il est nécessaire de choisir quelque chose." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1113 msgid "" "The extended description will complete the short description. It may refer " "to the available choices. It may also mention that the user may choose more " "than one of the available choices, if the template is a multiselect one " "(although the interface often makes this clear)." msgstr "La description longue complète la partie courte. Elle peut faire référence aux choix disponibles. Elle peut également indiquer que l'utilisateur peut choisir plus d'un parmi les choix disponibles, dans le cas de modèles « multiselect » (bien que l'interface rende en général cela tout à fait clair)." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1123 msgid "Notes" msgstr "Notes" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1127 msgid "The short description should be considered to be a *title*." msgstr "La description courte doit être considérée comme un *titre*." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1132 msgid "" "The extended description is what will be displayed as a more detailed " "explanation of the note. Phrases, no terse writing style." msgstr "La partie longue est ce qui sera affiché comme description plus détaillée de la note. Il est conseillé d'éviter d'y utiliser un style abrégé." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1138 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Do not abuse debconf.</emphasis> Notes are the " "most common way to abuse debconf. As written in debconf-devel manual page: " "it's best to use them only for warning about very serious problems. The " "NEWS.Debian or README.Debian files are the appropriate location for a lot of " "notes. If, by reading this, you consider converting your Note type " "templates to entries in NEWS/Debian or README.Debian, plus consider keeping " "existing translations for the future." msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">N'abusez pas de debconf.</emphasis>. Les notes sont un des abus les plus fréquents de debconf. Comm eindiqué dans la page de manuel de debconf, elle devraient être réservée pour avertir les utilisateurs de problème très importants. Les fichiers NEWS.Debian ou README.Debian sont les endroits appropriés pour l'information qu'affichent la majorité des notes. Si, à la lecture de ces conseils, vous envisagez de convertir vos modèles de type note en entrée dans NEWS.Debian ou README.Debian, pensez à conserver d'éventuelles traductions existantes." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1153 msgid "Choices field" msgstr "Champ Choices" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1155 msgid "" "If the Choices are likely to change often, please consider using the " "__Choices trick. This will split each individual choice into a single " "string, which will considerably help translators for doing their work." msgstr "Si les choix changent souvent, il est suggéré d'utiliser l'astuce « __Choices ». Avec ce format, chaque choix sera une chaîne différente proposée à la traduction, ce qui facilite grandement le travail des traducteurs." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1162 best-pkging-practices.dbk:1200 msgid "Default field" msgstr "Champ Default" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1164 msgid "" "If the default value, for a select template, is likely to vary depending on " "the user language (for instance, if the choice is a language choice), please " "use the _DefaultChoice trick." msgstr "Si la valeur par défaut d'un modèle « select » peut être dépendante de la langue utilisée (par exemple s'il s'agit du choix d'une langue par défaut), pensez à utiliser l'astuce « DefaultChoice »." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1169 msgid "" "This special field allow translators to put the most appropriate choice " "according to their own language. It will become the default choice when " "their language is used while your own mentioned Default Choice will be used " "chan using English." msgstr "Ce champ spécial permet aux traducteur de mettre le choix le plus adapté à leur langue, qui deviendra le choix par défaut quand cette langue est utilisée, alors que le choix par défaut que vous avez mentionné sera utilisé en anglais." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1175 msgid "Example, taken from the geneweb package templates:" msgstr "Exemple, pris dans le paquet geneweb :" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1177 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "Template: geneweb/lang\n" "Type: select\n" "__Choices: Afrikaans (af), Bulgarian (bg), Catalan (ca), Chinese (zh), Czech (cs), Danish (da), Dutch (nl), English (en), Esperanto (eo), Estonian (et), Finnish (fi), French (fr), German (de), Hebrew (he), Icelandic (is), Italian (it), Latvian (lv), Norwegian (no), Polish (pl), Portuguese (pt), Romanian (ro), Russian (ru), Spanish (es), Swedish (sv)\n" "# This is the default choice. Translators may put their own language here\n" "# instead of the default.\n" "# WARNING : you MUST use the ENGLISH FORM of your language\n" "# For instance, the french translator will need to put French (fr) here.\n" "_DefaultChoice: English (en)[ translators, please see comment in PO files]\n" "_Description: Geneweb default language:\n" msgstr "" "\n" "Template: geneweb/lang\n" "Type: select\n" "__Choices: Afrikaans (af), Bulgarian (bg), Catalan (ca), Chinese (zh), Czech (cs), Danish (da), Dutch (nl), English (en), Esperanto (eo), Estonian (et), Finnish (fi), French (fr), German (de), Hebrew (he), Icelandic (is), Italian (it), Latvian (lv), Norwegian (no), Polish (pl), Portuguese (pt), Romanian (ro), Russian (ru), Spanish (es), Swedish (sv)\n" "# This is the default choice. Translators may put their own language here\n" "# instead of the default.\n" "# WARNING : you MUST use the ENGLISH FORM of your language\n" "# For instance, the french translator will need to put French (fr) here.\n" "_DefaultChoice: English (en)[ translators, please see comment in PO files]\n" "_Description: Geneweb default language:\n" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1189 msgid "" "Note the use of brackets which allow internal comments in debconf fields. " "Also note the use of comments which will show up in files the translators " "will work with." msgstr "Veuillez noter l'utilisation de crochets pour autoriser des commentaires internes dans les champs de debconf. Notez également l'utilisation de commentaires qui apparaîtront dans les fichiers de travail des traducteurs." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1194 msgid "" "The comments are needed as the DefaultChoice trick is a bit confusing: the " "translators may put their own choice" msgstr "Les commentaires sont très utiles car l'astuce DefaultChoice est parfois déroutante pour les traducteurs qui doivent y mettre leur propre choix et non une simple traduction." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1202 msgid "" "Do NOT use empty default field. If you don't want to use default values, do " "not use Default at all." msgstr "N'utilisez PAS de champ Default vide. Si vous ne souhaitez pas avoir de valeur par défaut, n'utilisez pas du tout ce champ." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1206 msgid "" "If you use po-debconf (and you <emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis>, " "see 2.2), consider making this field translatable, if you think it may be " "translated." msgstr "Quand vous utilisez po-debconf, pensez à rendre ce champ traduisible si vous pensez qu'il peut l'être." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1211 msgid "" "If the default value may vary depending on language/country (for instance " "the default value for a language choice), consider using the special " "_DefaultChoice type documented in <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>po-debconf</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </citerefentry>)." msgstr "" "Si la valeur par défaut peut dépendre de la lanue ou du pays (par exemple une langue par défaut dans un programme), pensez à utiliser le type « _DefaultChoice » documenté dans la page de manuel <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>po-debconf</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</manvolnum> </citerefentry>." # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1223 msgid "Internationalization" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1225 msgid "Handling debconf translations" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1227 msgid "" "Like porters, translators have a difficult task. They work on many packages " "and must collaborate with many different maintainers. Moreover, most of the " "time, they are not native English speakers, so you may need to be " "particularly patient with them." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1233 msgid "" "The goal of <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> was to make " "packages configuration easier for maintainers and for users. Originally, " "translation of debconf templates was handled with <command>debconf-" "mergetemplate</command>. However, that technique is now deprecated; the " "best way to accomplish <systemitem role=\"package\">debconf</systemitem> " "internationalization is by using the <systemitem role=\"package\">po-" "debconf</systemitem> package. This method is easier both for maintainer and " "translators; transition scripts are provided." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1243 msgid "" "Using <systemitem role=\"package\">po-debconf</systemitem>, the translation " "is stored in <filename>po</filename> files (drawing from <command>gettext</" "command> translation techniques). Special template files contain the " "original messages and mark which fields are translatable. When you change " "the value of a translatable field, by calling <command>debconf-updatepo</" "command>, the translation is marked as needing attention from the " "translators. Then, at build time, the <command>dh_installdebconf</command> " "program takes care of all the needed magic to add the template along with " "the up-to-date translations into the binary packages. Refer to the " "<citerefentry> <refentrytitle>po-debconf</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>7</" "manvolnum> </citerefentry> manual page for details." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1259 msgid "Internationalized documentation" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1261 msgid "" "Internationalizing documentation is crucial for users, but a lot of labor. " "There's no way to eliminate all that work, but you can make things easier " "for translators." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1266 msgid "" "If you maintain documentation of any size, its easier for translators if " "they have access to a source control system. That lets translators see the " "differences between two versions of the documentation, so, for instance, " "they can see what needs to be retranslated. It is recommended that the " "translated documentation maintain a note about what source control revision " "the translation is based on. An interesting system is provided by <ulink " "url=\"&url-i18n-doc-check;\">doc-check</ulink> in the <systemitem role=" "\"package\">boot-floppies</systemitem> package, which shows an overview of " "the translation status for any given language, using structured comments for " "the current revision of the file to be translated and, for a translated " "file, the revision of the original file the translation is based on. You " "might wish to adapt and provide that in your CVS area." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1280 msgid "" "If you maintain XML or SGML documentation, we suggest that you isolate any " "language-independent information and define those as entities in a separate " "file which is included by all the different translations. This makes it " "much easier, for instance, to keep URLs up to date across multiple files." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1290 msgid "Common packaging situations" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1301 msgid "Packages using <command>autoconf</command>/<command>automake</command>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1303 msgid "" "Keeping <command>autoconf</command>'s <filename>config.sub</filename> and " "<filename>config.guess</filename> files up to date is critical for porters, " "especially on more volatile architectures. Some very good packaging " "practices for any package using <command>autoconf</command> and/or " "<command>automake</command> have been synthesized in &file-bpp-autotools; " "from the <systemitem role=\"package\">autotools-dev</systemitem> package. " "You're strongly encouraged to read this file and to follow the given " "recommendations." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1315 msgid "Libraries" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1317 msgid "" "Libraries are always difficult to package for various reasons. The policy " "imposes many constraints to ease their maintenance and to make sure upgrades " "are as simple as possible when a new upstream version comes out. Breakage " "in a library can result in dozens of dependent packages breaking." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1323 msgid "" "Good practices for library packaging have been grouped in <ulink url=\"&url-" "libpkg-guide;\">the library packaging guide</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1330 msgid "Documentation" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1332 msgid "" "Be sure to follow the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-docs.html\">Policy " "on documentation</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1337 msgid "" "If your package contains documentation built from XML or SGML, we recommend " "you not ship the XML or SGML source in the binary package(s). If users want " "the source of the documentation, they should retrieve the source package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1342 msgid "" "Policy specifies that documentation should be shipped in HTML format. We " "also recommend shipping documentation in PDF and plain text format if " "convenient and if output of reasonable quality is possible. However, it is " "generally not appropriate to ship plain text versions of documentation whose " "source format is HTML." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1349 msgid "" "Major shipped manuals should register themselves with <systemitem role=" "\"package\">doc-base</systemitem> on installation. See the <systemitem role=" "\"package\">doc-base</systemitem> package documentation for more information." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1357 msgid "Specific types of packages" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1359 msgid "" "Several specific types of packages have special sub-policies and " "corresponding packaging rules and practices:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1365 msgid "" "Perl related packages have a <ulink url=\"&url-perl-policy;\">Perl policy</" "ulink>, some examples of packages following that policy are <systemitem role=" "\"package\">libdbd-pg-perl</systemitem> (binary perl module) or <systemitem " "role=\"package\">libmldbm-perl</systemitem> (arch independent perl module)." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1374 msgid "" "Python related packages have their python policy; see &file-python-policy; " "in the <systemitem role=\"package\">python</systemitem> package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1381 msgid "" "Emacs related packages have the <ulink url=\"&url-emacs-policy;\">emacs " "policy</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1388 msgid "" "Java related packages have their <ulink url=\"&url-java-policy;\">java " "policy</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1395 msgid "" "Ocaml related packages have their own policy, found in &file-ocaml-policy; " "from the <systemitem role=\"package\">ocaml</systemitem> package. A good " "example is the <systemitem role=\"package\">camlzip</systemitem> source " "package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1403 msgid "" "Packages providing XML or SGML DTDs should conform to the recommendations " "found in the <systemitem role=\"package\">sgml-base-doc</systemitem> package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1409 msgid "" "Lisp packages should register themselves with <systemitem role=\"package" "\">common-lisp-controller</systemitem>, about which see &file-lisp-" "controller;." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1439 msgid "Architecture-independent data" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1441 msgid "" "It is not uncommon to have a large amount of architecture-independent data " "packaged with a program. For example, audio files, a collection of icons, " "wallpaper patterns, or other graphic files. If the size of this data is " "negligible compared to the size of the rest of the package, it's probably " "best to keep it all in a single package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1448 msgid "" "However, if the size of the data is considerable, consider splitting it out " "into a separate, architecture-independent package (_all.deb). By doing " "this, you avoid needless duplication of the same data into eleven or more ." "debs, one per each architecture. While this adds some extra overhead into " "the <filename>Packages</filename> files, it saves a lot of disk space on " "Debian mirrors. Separating out architecture-independent data also reduces " "processing time of <command>lintian</command> (see <xref linkend=\"tools-lint" "\"/> ) when run over the entire Debian archive." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1460 msgid "Needing a certain locale during build" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1462 msgid "" "If you need a certain locale during build, you can create a temporary file " "via this trick:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1466 msgid "" "If you set <varname>LOCPATH</varname> to the equivalent of <filename>/usr/" "lib/locale</filename>, and <varname>LC_ALL</varname> to the name of the " "locale you generate, you should get what you want without being root. " "Something like this:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1470 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "LOCALE_PATH=debian/tmpdir/usr/lib/locale\n" "LOCALE_NAME=en_IN\n" "LOCALE_CHARSET=UTF-8\n" "\n" "mkdir -p $LOCALE_PATH\n" "localedef -i $LOCALE_NAME.$LOCALE_CHARSET -f $LOCALE_CHARSET $LOCALE_PATH/$LOCALE_NAME.$LOCALE_CHARSET\n" "\n" "# Using the locale\n" "LOCPATH=$LOCALE_PATH LC_ALL=$LOCALE_NAME.$LOCALE_CHARSET date\n" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1484 msgid "Make transition packages deborphan compliant" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1486 msgid "" "Deborphan is a program for helping users to detect which packages can safely " "be removed from the system, i.e. the ones that have no packages depending " "on them. The default operation is to search only within the libs and " "oldlibs sections, to hunt down unused libraries. But when passed the right " "argument, it tries to catch other useless packages." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1493 msgid "" "For example, with <literal>--guess-dummy</literal>, <command>deborphan</" "command> tries to search all transitional packages which were needed for " "upgrade but which can now safely be removed. For that, it looks for the " "string dummy or transitional in their short description." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1500 msgid "" "So, when you are creating such a package, please make sure to add this text " "to your short description. If you are looking for examples, just run: " "<command>apt-cache search .|grep dummy</command> or <command>apt-cache " "search .|grep transitional</command>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1508 msgid "Best practices for <filename>orig.tar.gz</filename> files" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1510 msgid "" "There are two kinds of original source tarballs: Pristine source and " "repackaged upstream source." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1514 msgid "Pristine source" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1516 msgid "" "The defining characteristic of a pristine source tarball is that the " "<literal>.orig.tar.gz</literal> file is byte-for-byte identical to a tarball " "officially distributed by the upstream author. <footnote>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1518 msgid "" "We cannot prevent upstream authors from changing the tarball they distribute " "without also incrementing the version number, so there can be no guarantee " "that a pristine tarball is identical to what upstream <emphasis>currently</" "emphasis> distributing at any point in time. All that can be expected is " "that it is identical to something that upstream once <emphasis>did</" "emphasis> distribute. If a difference arises later (say, if upstream " "notices that he wasn't using maximal comression in his original distribution " "and then re-<command>gzip</command>s it), that's just too bad. Since there " "is no good way to upload a new <literal>.orig.tar.gz</literal> for the same " "version, there is not even any point in treating this situation as a bug." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1528 msgid "" "</footnote> This makes it possible to use checksums to easily verify that " "all changes between Debian's version and upstream's are contained in the " "Debian diff. Also, if the original source is huge, upstream authors and " "others who already have the upstream tarball can save download time if they " "want to inspect your packaging in detail." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1536 msgid "" "There is no universally accepted guidelines that upstream authors follow " "regarding to the directory structure inside their tarball, but <command>dpkg-" "source</command> is nevertheless able to deal with most upstream tarballs as " "pristine source. Its strategy is equivalent to the following:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1544 msgid "It unpacks the tarball in an empty temporary directory by doing" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1546 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "zcat path/to/<packagename>_<upstream-version>.orig.tar.gz | tar xf -\n" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1552 msgid "" "If, after this, the temporary directory contains nothing but one directory " "and no other files, <command>dpkg-source</command> renames that directory to " "<literal><packagename>-<upstream-version>(.orig)</literal>. The " "name of the top-level directory in the tarball does not matter, and is " "forgotten." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1561 msgid "" "Otherwise, the upstream tarball must have been packaged without a common top-" "level directory (shame on the upstream author!). In this case, " "<command>dpkg-source</command> renames the temporary directory " "<emphasis>itself</emphasis> to <literal><packagename>-<upstream-" "version>(.orig)</literal>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1572 msgid "Repackaged upstream source" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1574 msgid "" "You <emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis> upload packages with a " "pristine source tarball if possible, but there are various reasons why it " "might not be possible. This is the case if upstream does not distribute the " "source as gzipped tar at all, or if upstream's tarball contains non-DFSG-" "free material that you must remove before uploading." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1581 msgid "" "In these cases the developer must construct a suitable <literal>.orig.tar.gz " "</literal> file himself. We refer to such a tarball as a repackaged " "upstream source. Note that a repackaged upstream source is different from a " "Debian-native package. A repackaged source still comes with Debian-specific " "changes in a separate <literal>.diff.gz</literal> and still has a version " "number composed of <literal><upstream-version></literal> and " "<literal><debian-revision></literal>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1590 msgid "" "There may be cases where it is desirable to repackage the source even though " "upstream distributes a <literal>.tar.gz</literal> that could in principle be " "used in its pristine form. The most obvious is if <emphasis>significant</" "emphasis> space savings can be achieved by recompressing the tar archive or " "by removing genuinely useless cruft from the upstream archive. Use your own " "discretion here, but be prepared to defend your decision if you repackage " "source that could have been pristine." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1599 msgid "A repackaged <literal>.orig.tar.gz</literal>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1604 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">must</emphasis> contain detailed information how " "the repackaged source was obtained, and how this can be reproduced in the " "<filename>debian/copyright</filename>. It is also a good idea to provide a " "<literal>get-orig-source</literal> target in your <filename>debian/rules</" "filename> file that repeats the process, as described in the Policy Manual, " "<ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;ch-source.html#s-debianrules\">Main building " "script: debian/rules</ulink>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">should not</emphasis> contain any file that does " "not come from the upstream author(s), or whose contents has been changed by " "you. <footnote>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> #. or similarly named #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1618 msgid "" "As a special exception, if the omission of non-free files would lead to the " "source failing to build without assistance from the Debian diff, it might be " "appropriate to instead edit the files, omitting only the non-free parts of " "them, and/or explain the situation in a README.Debian-source file in the " "root of the source tree. But in that case please also urge the upstream " "author to make the non-free components easier seperable from the rest of the " "source." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1625 msgid "</footnote>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1630 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis>, except where impossible for " "legal reasons, preserve the entire building and portablility infrastructure " "provided by the upstream author. For example, it is not a sufficient reason " "for omitting a file that it is used only when building on MS-DOS. " "Similarly, a Makefile provided by upstream should not be omitted even if the " "first thing your <filename>debian/rules</filename> does is to overwrite it " "by running a configure script." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1639 msgid "" "(<emphasis>Rationale:</emphasis> It is common for Debian users who need to " "build software for non-Debian platforms to fetch the source from a Debian " "mirror rather than trying to locate a canonical upstream distribution point)." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1646 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis> use <literal><packagename>-" "<upstream-version>.orig</literal> as the name of the top-level " "directory in its tarball. This makes it possible to distinguish pristine " "tarballs from repackaged ones." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1654 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">should</emphasis> be gzipped with maximal " "compression." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1659 msgid "" "The canonical way to meet the latter two points is to let <literal>dpkg-" "source -b</literal> construct the repackaged tarball from an unpacked " "directory." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1665 msgid "Changing binary files in <literal>diff.gz</literal>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1667 msgid "" "Sometimes it is necessary to change binary files contained in the original " "tarball, or to add binary files that are not in it. If this is done by " "simply copying the files into the debianized source tree, <command>dpkg-" "source</command> will not be able to handle this. On the other hand, " "according to the guidelines given above, you cannot include such a changed " "binary file in a repackaged <filename>orig.tar.gz</filename>. Instead, " "include the file in the <filename>debian</filename> directory in " "<command>uuencode</command>d (or similar) form <footnote>" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para><footnote><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1674 msgid "" "The file should have a name that makes it clear which binary file it " "encodes. Usually, some postfix indicating the encoding should be appended " "to the original filename. Note that you don't need to depend on <systemitem " "role=\"package\">sharutils</systemitem> to get the <command>uudecode</" "command> program if you use <command>perl</command>'s <literal>pack</" "literal> function. The code could look like" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1682 msgid "" "&example-uu; </footnote>. The file would then be decoded and copied to its " "place during the build process. Thus the change will be visible quite easy." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1688 msgid "" "Some packages use <command>dbs</command> to manage patches to their upstream " "source, and always create a new <literal>orig.tar.gz</literal> file that " "contains the real <literal>orig.tar.gz</literal> in its toplevel directory. " "This is questionable with respect to the preference for pristine source. On " "the other hand, it is easy to modify or add binary files in this case: Just " "put them into the newly created <literal>orig.tar.gz</literal> file, besides " "the real one, and copy them to the right place during the build process." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1701 msgid "Best practices for debug packages" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1703 msgid "" "A debug package is a package with a name ending in -dbg, that contains " "additional information that gdb can use. Since Debian binaries are stripped " "by default, debugging information, including function names and line " "numbers, is otherwise not available when running gdb on Debian binaries. " "Debug packages allow users who need this additional debugging information to " "install it, without bloating a regular system with the information." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1711 msgid "" "It is up to a package's maintainer whether to create a debug package or " "not. Maintainers are encouraged to create debug packages for library " "packages, since this can aid in debugging many programs linked to a " "library. In general, debug packages do not need to be added for all " "programs; doing so would bloat the archive. But if a maintainer finds that " "users often need a debugging version of a program, it can be worthwhile to " "make a debug package for it. Programs that are core infrastructure, such as " "apache and the X server are also good candidates for debug packages." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1721 msgid "" "Some debug packages may contain an entire special debugging build of a " "library or other binary, but most of them can save space and build time by " "instead containing separated debugging symbols that gdb can find and load on " "the fly when debugging a program or library. The convention in Debian is to " "keep these symbols in <filename>/usr/lib/debug/<replaceable>path</" "replaceable></filename>, where <replaceable>path</replaceable> is the path " "to the executable or library. For example, debugging symbols for <filename>/" "usr/bin/foo</filename> go in <filename>/usr/lib/debug/usr/bin/foo</" "filename>, and debugging symbols for <filename>/usr/lib/libfoo.so.1</" "filename> go in <filename>/usr/lib/debug/usr/lib/libfoo.so.1</filename>." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1733 msgid "" "The debugging symbols can be extracted from an object file using <command> " "objcopy --only-keep-debug</command>. Then the object file can be stripped, " "and <command>objcopy --add-gnu-debuglink</command> used to specify the path " "to the debugging symbol file. <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>objcopy</" "refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum> </citerefentry> explains in detail " "how this works." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1741 msgid "" "The <command>dh_strip</command> command in debhelper supports creating debug " "packages, and can take care of using <command>objcopy</command> to separate " "out the debugging symbols for you. If your package uses debhelper, all you " "need to do is call <command>dh_strip --dbg-package=libfoo-dbg</command>, and " "add an entry to <filename>debian/control</filename> for the debug package." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1748 msgid "" "Note that the Debian package should depend on the package that it provides " "debugging symbols for, and this dependency should be versioned. For example:" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen> #: best-pkging-practices.dbk:1751 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "Depends: libfoo-dbg (= ${binary:Version})\n" msgstr ""