X-Git-Url: http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/ucgi/~ianmdlvl/git?a=blobdiff_plain;f=man%2Fsystemd.unit.xml;h=c6325d373a506e4cc0ddd1751782b427325fb1eb;hb=0b5a519c89b5fb48ec7a3cfbd9c02283ae0f23ac;hp=c81c7a30b04fb77c766e11cd7bf151f4dcf88104;hpb=7c8fa05c4d5d01748ff2a04edb882afb3119b7d7;p=elogind.git

diff --git a/man/systemd.unit.xml b/man/systemd.unit.xml
index c81c7a30b..c6325d373 100644
--- a/man/systemd.unit.xml
+++ b/man/systemd.unit.xml
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
-        "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
+        "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd" [
+<!ENTITY % entities SYSTEM "custom-entities.ent" >
+%entities;
+]>
 
 <!--
   This file is part of systemd.
@@ -44,20 +47,35 @@
 
         <refnamediv>
                 <refname>systemd.unit</refname>
-                <refpurpose>systemd unit configuration files</refpurpose>
+                <refpurpose>Unit configuration</refpurpose>
         </refnamediv>
 
         <refsynopsisdiv>
-                <para><filename>systemd.service</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.socket</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.device</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.mount</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.automount</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.swap</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.target</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.path</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.timer</filename>,
-                <filename>systemd.snapshot</filename></para>
+                <para><filename><replaceable>service</replaceable>.service</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>socket</replaceable>.socket</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>device</replaceable>.device</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>mount</replaceable>.mount</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>automount</replaceable>.automount</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>swap</replaceable>.swap</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>target</replaceable>.target</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>path</replaceable>.path</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>timer</replaceable>.timer</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>snapshot</replaceable>.snapshot</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>slice</replaceable>.slice</filename>,
+                <filename><replaceable>scope</replaceable>.scope</filename></para>
+
+                <para><literallayout><filename>/etc/systemd/system/*</filename>
+<filename>/run/systemd/system/*</filename>
+<filename>/usr/lib/systemd/system/*</filename>
+<filename>...</filename>
+                </literallayout></para>
+
+                <para><literallayout><filename>$HOME/.config/systemd/user/*</filename>
+<filename>/etc/systemd/user/*</filename>
+<filename>/run/systemd/user/*</filename>
+<filename>/usr/lib/systemd/user/*</filename>
+<filename>...</filename>
+                </literallayout></para>
         </refsynopsisdiv>
 
         <refsect1>
@@ -66,25 +84,45 @@
                 <para>A unit configuration file encodes information
                 about a service, a socket, a device, a mount point, an
                 automount point, a swap file or partition, a start-up
-                target, a file system path or a timer controlled and
-                supervised by
-                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The
-                syntax is inspired by <ulink
+                target, a watched file system path, a timer controlled
+                and supervised by
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                a temporary system state snapshot, a resource
+                management slice or a group of externally created
+                processes. The syntax is inspired by <ulink
                 url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/">XDG
-                Desktop Entry Specification</ulink> <filename>.desktop</filename> files, which are in turn
+                Desktop Entry Specification</ulink>
+                <filename>.desktop</filename> files, which are in turn
                 inspired by Microsoft Windows
                 <filename>.ini</filename> files.</para>
 
-                <para>This man pages lists the common configuration
+                <para>This man page lists the common configuration
                 options of all the unit types. These options need to
-                be configured in the [Unit] resp. [Install]
-                section of the unit files.</para>
+                be configured in the [Unit] or [Install]
+                sections of the unit files.</para>
 
                 <para>In addition to the generic [Unit] and [Install]
-                sections described here, each unit should have a
+                sections described here, each unit may have a
                 type-specific section, e.g. [Service] for a service
                 unit. See the respective man pages for more
-                information.</para>
+                information:
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.device</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.automount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.swap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.target</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.path</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.timer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.snapshot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.slice</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.scope</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
+                </para>
+
+                <para>Unit files are loaded from a set of paths
+                determined during compilation, described in the next section.
+                </para>
 
                 <para>Unit files may contain additional options on top
                 of those listed here. If systemd encounters an unknown
@@ -106,12 +144,14 @@
                 <para>Time span values encoded in unit files can be
                 written in various formats. A stand-alone number
                 specifies a time in seconds. If suffixed with a time
-                unit, the unit is honored. A concatenation of
-                multiple values with units is supported, in which case
-                the values are added up. Example: "50" refers to 50
+                unit, the unit is honored. A concatenation of multiple
+                values with units is supported, in which case the
+                values are added up. Example: "50" refers to 50
                 seconds; "2min 200ms" refers to 2 minutes plus 200
                 milliseconds, i.e. 120200ms. The following time units
-                are understood: s, min, h, d, w, ms, us.</para>
+                are understood: s, min, h, d, w, ms, us. For details
+                see
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
 
                 <para>Empty lines and lines starting with # or ; are
                 ignored. This may be used for commenting. Lines ending
@@ -119,47 +159,56 @@
                 line while reading and the backslash is replaced by a
                 space character. This may be used to wrap long lines.</para>
 
-                <para>If a line starts with <option>.include</option>
-                followed by a file name, the specified file will be
-                parsed at this point. Make sure that the file that is
-                included has the appropriate section headers before
-                any directives.</para>
-
                 <para>Along with a unit file
-                <filename>foo.service</filename> a directory
+                <filename>foo.service</filename> the directory
                 <filename>foo.service.wants/</filename> may exist. All
-                units symlinked from such a directory are implicitly
-                added as dependencies of type
+                unit files symlinked from such a directory are
+                implicitly added as dependencies of type
                 <varname>Wanted=</varname> to the unit. This is useful
                 to hook units into the start-up of other units,
-                without having to modify their unit configuration
-                files. For details about the semantics of
-                <varname>Wanted=</varname> see below. The preferred
-                way to create symlinks in the
-                <filename>.wants/</filename> directory of a service is
-                with the <command>enable</command> command of the
+                without having to modify their unit files. For details
+                about the semantics of <varname>Wanted=</varname> see
+                below. The preferred way to create symlinks in the
+                <filename>.wants/</filename> directory of a unit file
+                is with the <command>enable</command> command of the
                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                 tool which reads information from the [Install]
-                section of unit files. (See below.) A similar
+                section of unit files (see below). A similar
                 functionality exists for <varname>Requires=</varname>
                 type dependencies as well, the directory suffix is
                 <filename>.requires/</filename> in this case.</para>
 
+                <para>Along with a unit file
+                <filename>foo.service</filename> a directory
+                <filename>foo.service.d/</filename> may exist. All
+                files with the suffix <literal>.conf</literal> from
+                this directory will be parsed after the file itself is
+                parsed. This is useful to alter or add configuration
+                settings to a unit, without having to modify their
+                unit files. Make sure that the file that is included
+                has the appropriate section headers before any
+                directive.</para>
+
+                <para>If a line starts with <option>.include</option>
+                followed by a filename, the specified file will be
+                parsed at this point. Make sure that the file that is
+                included has the appropriate section headers before
+                any directives.</para>
+
                 <para>Note that while systemd offers a flexible
                 dependency system between units it is recommended to
-                use this functionality only sparsely and instead rely
+                use this functionality only sparingly and instead rely
                 on techniques such as bus-based or socket-based
-                activation which makes dependencies implicit, which
-                both results in a simpler and more flexible
-                system.</para>
+                activation which make dependencies implicit, resulting
+                in a both simpler and more flexible system.</para>
 
                 <para>Some unit names reflect paths existing in the
-                file system name space. Example: a device unit
+                file system namespace. Example: a device unit
                 <filename>dev-sda.device</filename> refers to a device
-                with the device node <filename>/dev/sda</filename> in
+                with the device node <filename noindex='true'>/dev/sda</filename> in
                 the file system namespace. If this applies a special
                 way to escape the path name is used, so that the
-                result is usable as part of a file name. Basically,
+                result is usable as part of a filename. Basically,
                 given a path, "/" is replaced by "-", and all
                 unprintable characters and the "-" are replaced by
                 C-style "\x20" escapes. The root directory "/" is
@@ -173,9 +222,9 @@
                 systemd looks for a unit configuration file it will
                 first search for the literal unit name in the
                 filesystem. If that yields no success and the unit
-                name contains an @ character, systemd will look for a
+                name contains an <literal>@</literal> character, systemd will look for a
                 unit template that shares the same name but with the
-                instance string (i.e. the part between the @ character
+                instance string (i.e. the part between the <literal>@</literal> character
                 and the suffix) removed. Example: if a service
                 <filename>getty@tty3.service</filename> is requested
                 and no file by that name is found, systemd will look
@@ -186,94 +235,113 @@
                 <para>To refer to the instance string from
                 within the configuration file you may use the special
                 <literal>%i</literal> specifier in many of the
-                configuration options. Other specifiers exist, the
-                full list is:</para>
+                configuration options. See below for details.</para>
+
+                <para>If a unit file is empty (i.e. has the file size
+                0) or is symlinked to <filename>/dev/null</filename>
+                its configuration will not be loaded and it appears
+                with a load state of <literal>masked</literal>, and
+                cannot be activated. Use this as an effective way to
+                fully disable a unit, making it impossible to start it
+                even manually.</para>
+
+                <para>The unit file format is covered by the
+                <ulink
+                url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/InterfaceStabilityPromise">Interface
+                Stability Promise</ulink>.</para>
+
+        </refsect1>
+
+        <refsect1>
+                <title>Unit Load Path</title>
+
+                <para>Unit files are loaded from a set of paths
+                determined during compilation, described in the two
+                tables below. Unit files found in directories listed
+                earlier override files with the same name in
+                directories lower in the list.</para>
+
+                <para>When systemd is running in user mode
+                (<option>--user</option>) and the variable
+                <varname>$SYSTEMD_UNIT_PATH</varname> is set, this
+                contents of this variable overrides the unit load
+                path.
+                </para>
 
                 <table>
-                  <title>Specifiers available in unit files</title>
-                  <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
-                    <colspec colname="spec" />
-                    <colspec colname="mean" />
-                    <colspec colname="detail" />
+                  <title>
+                    Load path when running in system mode (<option>--system</option>).
+                  </title>
+
+                  <tgroup cols='2'>
+                    <colspec colname='path' />
+                    <colspec colname='expl' />
                     <thead>
                       <row>
-                        <entry>Specifier</entry>
-                        <entry>Meaning</entry>
-                        <entry>Details</entry>
+                        <entry>Path</entry>
+                        <entry>Description</entry>
                       </row>
                     </thead>
                     <tbody>
                       <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%n</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Full unit name</entry>
-                        <entry></entry>
-                      </row>
-                      <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%N</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Unescaped full unit name</entry>
-                        <entry></entry>
-                      </row>
-                      <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%p</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Prefix name</entry>
-                        <entry>This refers to the string before the @, i.e. "getty" in the example above, where "tty3" is the instance name.</entry>
-                      </row>
-                      <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%P</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Unescaped prefix name</entry>
-                        <entry></entry>
+                        <entry><filename>/etc/systemd/system</filename></entry>
+                        <entry>Local configuration</entry>
                       </row>
                       <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%i</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Instance name</entry>
-                        <entry>This is the string between the @ character and the suffix.</entry>
+                        <entry><filename>/run/systemd/system</filename></entry>
+                        <entry>Runtime units</entry>
                       </row>
                       <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%I</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Unescaped instance name</entry>
-                        <entry></entry>
+                        <entry><filename>/usr/lib/systemd/system</filename></entry>
+                        <entry>Units of installed packages</entry>
                       </row>
+                    </tbody>
+                  </tgroup>
+                </table>
+
+                <table>
+                  <title>
+                    Load path when running in user mode (<option>--user</option>).
+                  </title>
+
+                  <tgroup cols='2'>
+                    <colspec colname='path' />
+                    <colspec colname='expl' />
+                    <thead>
                       <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%f</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Unescaped file name</entry>
-                        <entry>This is either the unescaped instance name (if set) with / prepended (if necessary), or the prefix name similarly prepended with /.</entry>
+                        <entry>Path</entry>
+                        <entry>Description</entry>
                       </row>
+                    </thead>
+                    <tbody>
                       <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%c</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Control group path of the unit</entry>
-                        <entry></entry>
+                        <entry><filename>$HOME/.config/systemd/user</filename></entry>
+                        <entry>User configuration</entry>
                       </row>
                       <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%r</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Root control group path of systemd</entry>
-                        <entry></entry>
+                        <entry><filename>/etc/systemd/user</filename></entry>
+                        <entry>Local configuration</entry>
                       </row>
                       <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%R</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Parent directory of the root control group path of systemd</entry>
-                        <entry></entry>
+                        <entry><filename>/run/systemd/user</filename></entry>
+                        <entry>Runtime units</entry>
                       </row>
                       <row>
-                        <entry><literal>%t</literal></entry>
-                        <entry>Runtime socket dir</entry>
-                        <entry>This is either /run (for the system manager) or $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR (for user managers).</entry>
+                        <entry><filename>/usr/lib/systemd/user</filename></entry>
+                        <entry>Units of installed packages</entry>
                       </row>
                     </tbody>
                   </tgroup>
                 </table>
 
-                <para>If a unit file is empty (i.e. has the file size
-                0) or is symlinked to <filename>/dev/null</filename>
-                its configuration will not be loaded and it appears
-                with a load state of <literal>masked</literal>, and
-                cannot be activated. Use this as an effective way to
-                fully disable a unit, making it impossible to start it
-                even manually.</para>
-
-                <para>The unit file format is covered by the
+                <para>Additional units might be loaded into systemd
+                ("linked") from directories not on the unit load
+                path. See the <command>link</command> command for
+                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Also,
+                some units are dynamically created via generators
                 <ulink
-                url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/InterfaceStabilityPromise">Interface
-                Stability Promise</ulink>.</para>
+                url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Generators/">Generators</ulink>.
+                </para>
         </refsect1>
 
         <refsect1>
@@ -283,7 +351,7 @@
                 carries generic information about the unit that is not
                 dependent on the type of unit:</para>
 
-                <variablelist>
+                <variablelist class='unit-directives'>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><varname>Description=</varname></term>
@@ -294,6 +362,36 @@
                                 name.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><varname>Documentation=</varname></term>
+                                <listitem><para>A space-separated list
+                                of URIs referencing documentation for
+                                this unit or its
+                                configuration. Accepted are only URIs
+                                of the types
+                                <literal>http://</literal>,
+                                <literal>https://</literal>,
+                                <literal>file:</literal>,
+                                <literal>info:</literal>,
+                                <literal>man:</literal>. For more
+                                information about the syntax of these
+                                URIs, see
+                                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>uri</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The
+                                URIs should be listed in order of
+                                relevance, starting with the most
+                                relevant. It is a good idea to first
+                                reference documentation that explains
+                                what the unit's purpose is, followed
+                                by how it is configured, followed by
+                                any other related documentation. This
+                                option may be specified more than once
+                                in which case the specified list of
+                                URIs is merged. If the empty string is
+                                assigned to this option, the list is
+                                reset and all prior assignments will
+                                have no effect.</para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><varname>Requires=</varname></term>
 
@@ -331,7 +429,15 @@
                                 <varname>Requires=</varname> in order
                                 to achieve a system that is more
                                 robust when dealing with failing
-                                services.</para></listitem>
+                                services.</para>
+
+                                <para>Note that dependencies of this
+                                type may also be configured outside of
+                                the unit configuration file by
+                                adding a symlink to a
+                                <filename>.requires/</filename> directory
+                                accompanying the unit file. For
+                                details see above.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
@@ -363,7 +469,7 @@
 
                                 <listitem><para>Similar to
                                 <varname>Requires=</varname>
-                                resp. <varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>. However,
+                                and <varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>, respectively. However,
                                 if a unit listed here is not started
                                 already it will not be started and the
                                 transaction fails
@@ -383,7 +489,9 @@
                                 the transaction as a whole. This is
                                 the recommended way to hook start-up
                                 of one unit to the start-up of another
-                                unit. Note that dependencies of this
+                                unit.</para>
+
+                                <para>Note that dependencies of this
                                 type may also be configured outside of
                                 the unit configuration file by
                                 adding a symlink to a
@@ -393,12 +501,12 @@
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><varname>BindTo=</varname></term>
+                                <term><varname>BindsTo=</varname></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Configures requirement
                                 dependencies, very similar in style to
                                 <varname>Requires=</varname>, however
-                                in addition to this behaviour it also
+                                in addition to this behavior it also
                                 declares that this unit is stopped
                                 when any of the units listed suddenly
                                 disappears. Units can suddenly,
@@ -409,6 +517,21 @@
                                 systemd.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
+                        <varlistentry>
+                                <term><varname>PartOf=</varname></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>Configures dependencies
+                                similar to <varname>Requires=</varname>,
+                                but limited to stopping and restarting
+                                of units. When systemd stops or restarts
+                                the units listed here, the action is
+                                propagated to this unit.
+                                Note that this is a one way dependency -
+                                changes to this unit do not affect the
+                                listed units.
+                                </para></listitem>
+                        </varlistentry>
+
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><varname>Conflicts=</varname></term>
 
@@ -494,7 +617,7 @@
                                 <varname>Before=</varname>. If two
                                 units have no ordering dependencies
                                 between them they are shut down
-                                resp. started up simultaneously, and
+                                or started up simultaneously, and
                                 no ordering takes
                                 place. </para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
@@ -505,13 +628,13 @@
                                 <listitem><para>Lists one or more
                                 units that are activated when this
                                 unit enters the
-                                '<literal>failed</literal>'
+                                <literal>failed</literal>
                                 state.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><varname>PropagateReloadTo=</varname></term>
-                                <term><varname>PropagateReloadFrom=</varname></term>
+                                <term><varname>PropagatesReloadTo=</varname></term>
+                                <term><varname>ReloadPropagatedFrom=</varname></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Lists one or more
                                 units where reload requests on the
@@ -528,8 +651,8 @@
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><varname>RequiresMountsFor=</varname></term>
 
-                                <listitem><para>Takes a space
-                                separated list of paths. Automatically
+                                <listitem><para>Takes a space-separated
+                                list of absolute paths. Automatically
                                 adds dependencies of type
                                 <varname>Requires=</varname> and
                                 <varname>After=</varname> for all
@@ -600,13 +723,13 @@
                                 <listitem><para>Takes a boolean
                                 argument. If <option>true</option>
                                 this unit can only be activated
-                                (resp. deactivated) indirectly. In
+                                or deactivated indirectly. In
                                 this case explicit start-up
-                                (resp. termination) requested by the
+                                or termination requested by the
                                 user is denied, however if it is
-                                started (resp. stopped) as a
+                                started or stopped as a
                                 dependency of another unit, start-up
-                                (resp. termination) will succeed. This
+                                or termination will succeed. This
                                 is mostly a safety feature to ensure
                                 that the user does not accidentally
                                 activate units that are not intended
@@ -656,7 +779,7 @@
                                 highly recommended to leave this
                                 option enabled for the majority of
                                 common units. If set to
-                                <option>false</option> this option
+                                <option>false</option>, this option
                                 does not disable all implicit
                                 dependencies, just non-essential
                                 ones.</para></listitem>
@@ -671,7 +794,7 @@
                                 time. If this time limit is reached
                                 the job will be cancelled, the unit
                                 however will not change state or even
-                                enter the '<literal>failed</literal>'
+                                enter the <literal>failed</literal>
                                 mode. This value defaults to 0 (job
                                 timeouts disabled), except for device
                                 units. NB: this timeout is independent
@@ -698,70 +821,100 @@
                                 <term><varname>ConditionPathIsMountPoint=</varname></term>
                                 <term><varname>ConditionPathIsReadWrite=</varname></term>
                                 <term><varname>ConditionDirectoryNotEmpty=</varname></term>
+                                <term><varname>ConditionFileNotEmpty=</varname></term>
                                 <term><varname>ConditionFileIsExecutable=</varname></term>
                                 <term><varname>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</varname></term>
                                 <term><varname>ConditionVirtualization=</varname></term>
                                 <term><varname>ConditionSecurity=</varname></term>
                                 <term><varname>ConditionCapability=</varname></term>
+                                <term><varname>ConditionHost=</varname></term>
+                                <term><varname>ConditionACPower=</varname></term>
                                 <term><varname>ConditionNull=</varname></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Before starting a unit
                                 verify that the specified condition is
-                                true. With
+                                true. If it is not true the starting
+                                of the unit will be skipped, however
+                                all ordering dependencies of it are
+                                still respected. A failing condition
+                                will not result in the unit being
+                                moved into a failure state. The
+                                condition is checked at the time the
+                                queued start job is to be
+                                executed.</para>
+
+                                <para>With
                                 <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
-                                a file existence condition can be
+                                a file existence condition is
                                 checked before a unit is started. If
                                 the specified absolute path name does
-                                not exist, startup of a unit will not
-                                actually happen, however the unit is
-                                still useful for ordering purposes in
-                                this case. The condition is checked at
-                                the time the queued start job is to be
-                                executed. If the absolute path name
-                                passed to
+                                not exist the condition will
+                                fail. If the absolute path name passed
+                                to
                                 <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                 is prefixed with an exclamation mark
-                                (!), the test is negated, and the unit
+                                (<literal>!</literal>), the test is negated, and the unit
                                 is only started if the path does not
-                                exist.
-                                <varname>ConditionPathExistsGlob=</varname>
-                                works in a similar way, but checks for
-                                the existence of at least one file or
-                                directory matching the specified
-                                globbing
-                                pattern. <varname>ConditionPathIsDirectory=</varname>
+                                exist.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionPathExistsGlob=</varname>
+                                is similar to
+                                <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>,
+                                but checks for the existence of at
+                                least one file or directory matching
+                                the specified globbing pattern.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionPathIsDirectory=</varname>
                                 is similar to
                                 <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                 but verifies whether a certain path
                                 exists and is a
-                                directory. <varname>ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=</varname>
+                                directory.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=</varname>
                                 is similar to
                                 <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                 but verifies whether a certain path
                                 exists and is a symbolic
-                                link. <varname>ConditionPathIsMountPoint=</varname>
+                                link.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionPathIsMountPoint=</varname>
                                 is similar to
                                 <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                 but verifies whether a certain path
                                 exists and is a mount
-                                point. <varname>ConditionPathIsReadWrite=</varname>
+                                point.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionPathIsReadWrite=</varname>
                                 is similar to
                                 <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                 but verifies whether the underlying
-                                file system is read and writable
+                                file system is readable and writable
                                 (i.e. not mounted
-                                read-only). <varname>ConditionFileIsExecutable=</varname>
+                                read-only).</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionDirectoryNotEmpty=</varname>
                                 is similar to
                                 <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                 but verifies whether a certain path
-                                exists, is a regular file and marked
-                                executable.
-                                <varname>ConditionDirectoryNotEmpty=</varname>
+                                exists and is a non-empty
+                                directory.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionFileNotEmpty=</varname>
                                 is similar to
                                 <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                 but verifies whether a certain path
-                                exists and is a non-empty
-                                directory. Similarly
+                                exists and refers to a regular file
+                                with a non-zero size.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionFileIsExecutable=</varname>
+                                is similar to
+                                <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
+                                but verifies whether a certain path
+                                exists, is a regular file and marked
+                                executable.</para>
+
+                                <para>Similar,
                                 <varname>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</varname>
                                 may be used to check whether a
                                 specific kernel command line option is
@@ -769,14 +922,16 @@
                                 exclamation mark unset). The argument
                                 must either be a single word, or an
                                 assignment (i.e. two words, separated
-                                by the equality sign). In the former
+                                <literal>=</literal>). In the former
                                 case the kernel command line is
                                 searched for the word appearing as is,
                                 or as left hand side of an
                                 assignment. In the latter case the
                                 exact assignment is looked for with
                                 right and left hand side
-                                matching. <varname>ConditionVirtualization=</varname>
+                                matching.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionVirtualization=</varname>
                                 may be used to check whether the
                                 system is executed in a virtualized
                                 environment and optionally test
@@ -786,7 +941,7 @@
                                 any virtualized environment, or one of
                                 <varname>vm</varname> and
                                 <varname>container</varname> to test
-                                against a specific type of
+                                against a generic type of
                                 virtualization solution, or one of
                                 <varname>qemu</varname>,
                                 <varname>kvm</varname>,
@@ -796,6 +951,7 @@
                                 <varname>xen</varname>,
                                 <varname>bochs</varname>,
                                 <varname>chroot</varname>,
+                                <varname>uml</varname>,
                                 <varname>openvz</varname>,
                                 <varname>lxc</varname>,
                                 <varname>lxc-libvirt</varname>,
@@ -805,15 +961,21 @@
                                 virtualization technologies are nested
                                 only the innermost is considered. The
                                 test may be negated by prepending an
-                                exclamation mark.
-                                <varname>ConditionSecurity=</varname>
+                                exclamation mark.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionSecurity=</varname>
                                 may be used to check whether the given
                                 security module is enabled on the
-                                system.  Currently the only recognized
-                                value is <varname>selinux</varname>.
+                                system. Currently the recognized values
+                                values are <varname>selinux</varname>,
+                                <varname>apparmor</varname>,
+                                <varname>ima</varname> and
+                                <varname>smack</varname>.
                                 The test may be negated by prepending
                                 an exclamation
-                                mark. <varname>ConditionCapability=</varname>
+                                mark.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionCapability=</varname>
                                 may be used to check whether the given
                                 capability exists in the capability
                                 bounding set of the service manager
@@ -824,14 +986,49 @@
                                 for details). Pass a capability name
                                 such as <literal>CAP_MKNOD</literal>,
                                 possibly prefixed with an exclamation
-                                mark to negate the check. Finally,
+                                mark to negate the check.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionHost=</varname>
+                                may be used to match against the
+                                hostname or machine ID of the
+                                host. This either takes a hostname
+                                string (optionally with shell style
+                                globs) which is tested against the
+                                locally set hostname as returned by
+                                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gethostname</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                                or a machine ID formatted as string
+                                (see
+                                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>).
+                                The test may be negated by prepending
+                                an exclamation mark.</para>
+
+                                <para><varname>ConditionACPower=</varname>
+                                may be used to check whether the
+                                system has AC power, or is exclusively
+                                battery powered at the time of
+                                activation of the unit. This takes a
+                                boolean argument. If set to
+                                <varname>true</varname> the condition
+                                will hold only if at least one AC
+                                connector of the system is connected
+                                to a power source, or if no AC
+                                connectors are known. Conversely, if
+                                set to <varname>false</varname> the
+                                condition will hold only if there is
+                                at least one AC connector known and
+                                all AC connectors are disconnected
+                                from a power source.</para>
+
+                                <para>Finally,
                                 <varname>ConditionNull=</varname> may
                                 be used to add a constant condition
                                 check value to the unit. It takes a
                                 boolean argument. If set to
                                 <varname>false</varname> the condition
                                 will always fail, otherwise
-                                succeed. If multiple conditions are
+                                succeed.</para>
+
+                                <para>If multiple conditions are
                                 specified the unit will be executed if
                                 all of them apply (i.e. a logical AND
                                 is applied). Condition checks can be
@@ -848,37 +1045,25 @@
                                 pipe symbol must be passed first, the
                                 exclamation second. Except for
                                 <varname>ConditionPathIsSymbolicLink=</varname>,
-                                all path checks follow
-                                symlinks.</para></listitem>
+                                all path checks follow symlinks. If
+                                any of these options is assigned the
+                                empty string the list of conditions is
+                                reset completely, all previous
+                                condition settings (of any kind) will
+                                have no effect.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
-                                <term><varname>Names=</varname></term>
-
-                                <listitem><para>Additional names for
-                                this unit. The names listed here must
-                                have the same suffix (i.e. type) as
-                                the unit file name. This option may be
-                                specified more than once, in which
-                                case all listed names are used. Note
-                                that this option is different from the
-                                <varname>Alias=</varname> option from
-                                the [Install] section mentioned
-                                below. See below for details. Note
-                                that in almost all cases this option
-                                is not what you want. A symlink alias
-                                in the file system is generally
-                                preferable since it can be used as
-                                lookup key. If a unit with a symlinked
-                                alias name is not loaded and needs to
-                                be it is easily found via the
-                                symlink. However, if a unit with an
-                                alias name configured with this
-                                setting is not loaded it will not be
-                                discovered. This settings' only use is
-                                in conjunction with service
-                                instances.</para>
-                                </listitem>
+                                <term><varname>SourcePath=</varname></term>
+                                <listitem><para>A path to a
+                                configuration file this unit has been
+                                generated from. This is primarily
+                                useful for implementation of generator
+                                tools that convert configuration from
+                                an external configuration file format
+                                into native unit files. Thus
+                                functionality should not be used in
+                                normal units.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                 </variablelist>
 
@@ -892,7 +1077,7 @@
                 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                 tool during installation of a unit:</para>
 
-                <variablelist>
+                <variablelist class='unit-directives'>
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><varname>Alias=</varname></term>
 
@@ -906,64 +1091,203 @@
                                 time,
                                 <command>systemctl enable</command>
                                 will create symlinks from these names
-                                to the unit file name. Note that this
-                                is different from the
-                                <varname>Names=</varname> option from
-                                the [Unit] section mentioned above:
-                                The names from
-                                <varname>Names=</varname> apply
-                                unconditionally if the unit is
-                                loaded. The names from
-                                <varname>Alias=</varname> apply only
-                                if the unit has actually been
-                                installed with the
-                                <command>systemctl enable</command>
-                                command.  Also, if systemd searches for a
-                                unit, it will discover symlinked alias
-                                names as configured with
-                                <varname>Alias=</varname>, but not
-                                names configured with
-                                <varname>Names=</varname> only. It is
-                                a common pattern to list a name in
-                                both options. In this case, a unit
-                                will be active under all names if
-                                installed, but also if not installed
-                                but requested explicitly under its
-                                main name.</para></listitem>
+                                to the unit filename.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><varname>WantedBy=</varname></term>
-
-                                <listitem><para>Installs a symlink in
-                                the <filename>.wants/</filename>
-                                subdirectory for a unit. This has the
-                                effect that when the listed unit name
-                                is activated the unit listing it is
-                                activated
-                                too. <command>WantedBy=foo.service</command>
+                                <term><varname>RequiredBy=</varname></term>
+
+                                <listitem><para>A symbolic link is
+                                created in the
+                                <filename>.wants/</filename> or
+                                <filename>.requires/</filename> directory
+                                of the listed unit when this unit is
+                                activated by <command>systemctl
+                                enable</command>.  This has the effect
+                                that a dependency of type
+                                <varname>Wants=</varname> or
+                                <varname>Requires=</varname> is added
+                                from the listed unit to the current
+                                unit. The primary result is that the
+                                current unit will be started when the
+                                listed unit is started. See the
+                                description of
+                                <varname>Wants=</varname> and
+                                <varname>Requires=</varname> in the
+                                [Unit] section for details.</para>
+
+                                <para><command>WantedBy=foo.service</command>
                                 in a service
                                 <filename>bar.service</filename> is
                                 mostly equivalent to
                                 <command>Alias=foo.service.wants/bar.service</command>
-                                in the same file.</para></listitem>
+                                in the same file. In case of template
+                                units, <command>systemctl enable</command>
+                                must be called with an instance name, and
+                                this instance will be added to the
+                                <filename>.wants/</filename> or
+                                <filename>.requires/</filename> list
+                                of the listed unit.
+                                E.g. <command>WantedBy=getty.target</command>
+                                in a service
+                                <filename>getty@.service</filename>
+                                will result in <command>systemctl
+                                enable getty@tty2.service</command>
+                                creating a
+                                <filename>getty.target.wants/getty@tty2.service</filename>
+                                link to <filename>getty@.service</filename>.
+                                </para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
 
                         <varlistentry>
                                 <term><varname>Also=</varname></term>
 
                                 <listitem><para>Additional units to
-                                install when this unit is
-                                installed. If the user requests
-                                installation of a unit with this
-                                option configured,
+                                install/deinstall when this unit is
+                                installed/deinstalled. If the user
+                                requests installation/deinstallation
+                                of a unit with this option configured,
                                 <command>systemctl enable</command>
-                                will automatically install units
-                                listed in this option as
+                                and <command>systemctl
+                                disable</command> will automatically
+                                install/uninstall units listed in this option as
                                 well.</para></listitem>
                         </varlistentry>
                 </variablelist>
 
+                <para>The following specifiers are interpreted in the
+                Install section: %n, %N, %p, %i, %U, %u, %m, %H, %b, %v.
+                For their meaning see the next section.
+                </para>
+        </refsect1>
+
+        <refsect1>
+                <title>Specifiers</title>
+
+                <para>Many settings resolve specifiers which may be
+                used to write generic unit files referring to runtime
+                or unit parameters that are replaced when the unit
+                files are loaded. The following specifiers are
+                understood:</para>
+
+                <table>
+                  <title>Specifiers available in unit files</title>
+                  <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
+                    <colspec colname="spec" />
+                    <colspec colname="mean" />
+                    <colspec colname="detail" />
+                    <thead>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry>Specifier</entry>
+                        <entry>Meaning</entry>
+                        <entry>Details</entry>
+                      </row>
+                    </thead>
+                    <tbody>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%n</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Full unit name</entry>
+                        <entry></entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%N</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Unescaped full unit name</entry>
+                        <entry></entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%p</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Prefix name</entry>
+                        <entry>For instantiated units this refers to the string before the @. For non-instantiated units this refers to to the name of the unit with the type suffix removed.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%P</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Unescaped prefix name</entry>
+                        <entry></entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%i</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Instance name</entry>
+                        <entry>For instantiated units: this is the string between the <literal>@</literal> character and the suffix.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%I</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Unescaped instance name</entry>
+                        <entry></entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%f</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Unescaped filename</entry>
+                        <entry>This is either the unescaped instance name (if applicable) with <filename>/</filename> prepended (if applicable), or the prefix name similarly prepended with <filename>/</filename>.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%c</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Control group path of the unit</entry>
+                        <entry></entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%r</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Root control group path where units are placed.</entry>
+                        <entry>For system instances this usually resolves to <filename>/system</filename>, except in containers, where the path might be prefixed with the container's root control group.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%R</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Parent directory of the control group path where units are placed.</entry>
+                        <entry>For system instances this usually resolves to <filename>/</filename>, except in containers, where this resolves to the container's root directory. This specifier is particularly useful in the <varname>ControlGroup=</varname> setting (see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>).</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%t</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Runtime socket dir</entry>
+                        <entry>This is either <filename>/run</filename> (for the system manager) or <literal>$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR</literal> (for user managers).</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%u</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>User name</entry>
+                        <entry>This is the name of the configured user of the unit, or (if none is set) the user running the systemd instance.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%U</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>User UID</entry>
+                        <entry>This is the UID of the configured user of the unit, or (if none is set) the user running the systemd instance.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%h</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>User home directory</entry>
+                        <entry>This is the home directory of the configured user of the unit, or (if none is set) the user running the systemd instance.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%s</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>User shell</entry>
+                        <entry>This is the shell of the configured user of the unit, or (if none is set) the user running the systemd instance.  If the user is <literal>root</literal> (UID equal to 0), the shell configured in account database is ignored and <filename>/bin/sh</filename> is always used.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%m</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Machine ID</entry>
+                        <entry>The machine ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%b</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Boot ID</entry>
+                        <entry>The boot ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>random</refentrytitle><manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%H</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Host name</entry>
+                        <entry>The hostname of the running system.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%v</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Kernel release</entry>
+                        <entry>Identical to <command>uname -r</command> output.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                      <row>
+                        <entry><literal>%%</literal></entry>
+                        <entry>Escaped %</entry>
+                        <entry>Single percent sign.</entry>
+                      </row>
+                    </tbody>
+                  </tgroup>
+                </table>
         </refsect1>
 
         <refsect1>
@@ -982,7 +1306,12 @@
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.path</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.timer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.snapshot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
-                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.scope</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.slice</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>capabilities</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.directives</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>uname</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                 </para>
         </refsect1>