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diff --git a/man/machinectl.xml b/man/machinectl.xml
index 5efa3a542..19531866c 100644
--- a/man/machinectl.xml
+++ b/man/machinectl.xml
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@
along with systemd; If not, see .
-->
-
+machinectl
@@ -71,64 +72,46 @@
The following options are understood:
-
-
-
-
- Prints a short help
- text and exits.
-
-
-
-
-
- Prints a short version
- string and exits.
-
-
- When showing
- machine properties, limit the
- output to certain properties as
- specified by the argument. If not
- specified, all set properties are
- shown. The argument should be a
- property name, such as
- Name. If
- specified more than once, all
- properties with the specified names
- are shown.
+ When showing machine
+ or image properties, limit the output
+ to certain properties as specified by
+ the argument. If not specified, all
+ set properties are shown. The argument
+ should be a property name, such as
+ Name. If specified
+ more than once, all properties with
+ the specified names are
+ shown.
- When showing
- machine properties, show all
- properties regardless of whether they are
- set or not.
+ When showing machine
+ or image properties, show all
+ properties regardless of whether they
+ are set or not.
+
+ When listing VM or container
+ images, do not suppress images
+ beginning in a dot character
+ (.).
- Do not ellipsize cgroup
- members.
+ Do not ellipsize
+ process tree entries.
-
-
-
- Do not pipe output into a
- pager.
-
-
@@ -141,7 +124,7 @@
When used with
- kill-machine,
+ kill,
choose which processes to kill. Must
be one of , or
to select whether
@@ -156,7 +139,7 @@
When used with
- kill-machine, choose
+ kill, choose
which signal to send to selected
processes. Must be one of the
well-known signal specifiers, such as
@@ -168,60 +151,116 @@
-
-
-
- Execute operation
- remotely. Specify a hostname, or
- username and hostname separated by @,
- to connect to. This will use SSH to
- talk to the remote machine manager
- instance.
+
+
+ Do not print the legend,
+ i.e. the column headers and the
+ footer.
+
+
+
+
+
+ When used with
+ bind creates the
+ destination directory before applying
+ the bind mount.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ When used with
+ bind applies a
+ read-only bind
+ mount.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ When used with
+ status, controls
+ the number of journal lines to show,
+ counting from the most recent
+ ones. Takes a positive integer
+ argument. Defaults to 10.
+
-
-
+
+
- Acquire privileges via
- PolicyKit before executing the
- operation.
+ When used with
+ status, controls
+ the formatting of the journal entries
+ that are shown. For the available
+ choices, see
+ journalctl1.
+ Defaults to
+ short.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ CommandsThe following commands are understood:
-
+ Machine Commands
+
listList currently running
- virtual machines and containers.
-
+ (online) virtual machines and
+ containers. To enumerate container
+ images that can be started,
+ use list-images
+ (see below).
- status [ID...]
+ statusNAME...Show terse runtime
status information about one or more
- virtual machines and containers. This
- function is intended to generate
- human-readable output. If you are
- looking for computer-parsable output,
- use show instead.
-
+ virtual machines and containers,
+ followed by the most recent log data
+ from the journal. This function is
+ intended to generate human-readable
+ output. If you are looking for
+ computer-parsable output, use
+ show instead. Note
+ that the log data shown is reported by
+ the virtual machine or container
+ manager, and frequently contains
+ console output of the machine, but not
+ necessarily journal contents of the
+ machine itself.
- show [ID...]
+ showNAME...Show properties of one
or more registered virtual machines or
containers or the manager itself. If
no argument is specified, properties
of the manager will be shown. If an
- ID is specified, properties of this
+ NAME is specified, properties of this
virtual machine or container are
shown. By default, empty properties
are suppressed. Use
@@ -238,18 +277,141 @@
- terminate [ID...]
-
- Terminates a virtual
- machine or container. This kills all
- processes of the virtual machine or
- container and deallocates all
- resources attached to that
- instance.
+ startNAME...
+
+ Start a container as a
+ system service, using
+ systemd-nspawn1.
+ This starts
+ systemd-nspawn@.service,
+ instantiated for the specified machine
+ name, similar to the effect of
+ systemctl start on
+ the service
+ name. systemd-nspawn
+ looks for a container image by the
+ specified name in
+ /var/lib/machines/
+ (and other search paths, see below) and runs
+ it. Use list-images
+ (see below), for listing available
+ container images to start.
+
+ Note that
+ systemd-machined.service8
+ also interfaces with a variety of
+ other container and VM managers,
+ systemd-nspawn is
+ just one implementation of it. Most of
+ the commands available in
+ machinectl may be
+ used on containers or VMs controlled
+ by other managers, not just
+ systemd-nspawn. Starting
+ VMs and container images on those
+ managers requires manager-specific
+ tools.
+
+ To interactively start a
+ container on the command line with
+ full access to the container's
+ console, please invoke
+ systemd-nspawn
+ directly. To stop a running container
+ use machinectl
+ poweroff, see
+ below.
+
+
+
+ loginNAME
+
+ Open an interactive terminal login
+ session to a container. This will
+ create a TTY connection to a specific
+ container and asks for the execution of a
+ getty on it. Note that this is only
+ supported for containers running
+ systemd1
+ as init system.
+
+ This command will open a full
+ login prompt on the container, which
+ then asks for username and
+ password. Use
+ systemd-run1
+ with the
+ switch to invoke a single command,
+ either interactively or in the
+ background within a local
+ container.
+
+
+
+ enableNAME...
+ disableNAME...
+
+ Enable or disable a
+ container as a system service to start
+ at system boot, using
+ systemd-nspawn1.
+ This enables or disables
+ systemd-nspawn@.service,
+ instantiated for the specified machine
+ name, similar to the effect of
+ systemctl enable or
+ systemctl disable
+ on the service name.
+
+
+
+ poweroffNAME...
+
+ Power off one or more
+ containers. This will trigger a reboot
+ by sending SIGRTMIN+4 to the
+ container's init process, which causes
+ systemd-compatible init systems to
+ shut down cleanly. This operation does
+ not work on containers that do not run
+ a
+ systemd1-compatible
+ init system, such as sysvinit. Use
+ terminate (see
+ below) to immediately terminate a
+ container or VM, without cleanly
+ shutting it down.
- kill [ID...]
+ rebootNAME...
+
+ Reboot one or more
+ containers. This will trigger a reboot
+ by sending SIGINT to the container's
+ init process, which is roughly
+ equivalent to pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del on
+ a non-containerized system, and is
+ compatible with containers running any
+ system manager.
+
+
+
+ terminateNAME...
+
+ Immediately terminates
+ a virtual machine or container,
+ without cleanly shutting it down. This
+ kills all processes of the virtual
+ machine or container and deallocates
+ all resources attached to that
+ instance. Use
+ poweroff to issue a
+ clean shutdown request.
+
+
+
+ killNAME...Send a signal to one
or more processes of the virtual
@@ -262,8 +424,220 @@
to select
the signal to send.
-
+
+ bindNAMEPATH [PATH]
+
+ Bind mounts a
+ directory from the host into the
+ specified container. The first
+ directory argument is the source
+ directory on the host, the second
+ directory argument the source
+ directory on the host. When the latter
+ is omitted the destination path in the
+ container is the same as the source
+ path on the host. When combined with
+ the
+ switch a ready-only bind mount is
+ created. When combined with the
+ switch the
+ destination path is first created
+ before the mount is applied. Note that
+ this option is currently only
+ supported for
+ systemd-nspawn1
+ containers.
+
+
+
+ copy-toNAMEPATH [PATH]
+
+ Copies files or
+ directories from the host system into
+ a running container. Takes a container
+ name, followed by the source path on
+ the host and the destination path in
+ the container. If the destination path
+ is omitted the same as the source path
+ is used.
+
+
+
+
+ copy-fromNAMEPATH [PATH]
+
+ Copies files or
+ directories from a container into the
+ host system. Takes a container name,
+ followed by the source path in the
+ container the destination path on the
+ host. If the destination path is
+ omitted the same as the source path is
+ used.
+
+
+
+ Image Commands
+
+
+ list-images
+
+ Show a list of locally
+ installed container and VM
+ images. This enumerates all raw disk
+ images and container directories and
+ subvolumes in
+ /var/lib/machines/ (and other search paths, see below). Use
+ start (see above)
+ to run a container off one of the
+ listed images. Note that by default
+ containers whose name begins with a
+ dot (.) are not
+ shown. To show these too, specify
+ . Note that a
+ special image .host
+ always implicitly exists and refers to
+ the image the host itself is booted
+ from.
+
+
+
+ image-statusNAME...
+
+ Show terse status
+ information about one or more
+ container or VM images. This function
+ is intended to generate human-readable
+ output. Use
+ show-image (see
+ below) to generate computer-parsable
+ output instead.
+
+
+
+ show-imageNAME...
+
+ Show properties of one
+ or more registered virtual machine or
+ container images, or the manager
+ itself. If no argument is specified,
+ properties of the manager will be
+ shown. If an NAME is specified,
+ properties of this virtual machine or
+ container image are shown. By default,
+ empty properties are suppressed. Use
+ to show those
+ too. To select specific properties to
+ show, use
+ . This
+ command is intended to be used
+ whenever computer-parsable output is
+ required. Use
+ image-status if you
+ are looking for formatted
+ human-readable
+ output.
+
+
+
+ cloneNAMENAME
+
+ Clones a container or
+ disk image. The arguments specify the
+ name of the image to clone and the
+ name of the newly cloned image. Note
+ that plain directory container images
+ are cloned into subvolume images with
+ this command. Note that cloning a
+ container or VM image is optimized for
+ btrfs file systems, and might not be
+ efficient on others, due to file
+ system limitations.
+
+
+
+ renameNAMENAME
+
+ Renames a container or
+ disk image. The arguments specify the
+ name of the image to rename and the
+ new name of the
+ image.
+
+
+
+ read-onlyNAME [BOOL]
+
+ Marks or (unmarks) a
+ container or disk image
+ read-only. Takes a VM or container
+ image name, followed by a boolean as
+ arguments. If the boolean is omitted,
+ positive is implied, i.e. the image is
+ marked read-only.
+
+
+
+
+ removeNAME...
+
+ Removes one or more
+ container or disk images. The special
+ image .host, which
+ refers to the host's own directory
+ tree may not be
+ removed.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Files and Directories
+
+ Machine images are preferably stored in
+ /var/lib/machines/, but are also
+ searched for in
+ /usr/local/lib/machines/ and
+ /usr/lib/machines/. For
+ compatibility reasons the directory
+ /var/lib/container/ is searched,
+ too. Note that images stored below
+ /usr are always considered
+ read-only. It is possible to symlink machines images
+ from other directories into
+ /var/lib/machines/ to make them
+ available for control with
+ machinectl.
+
+ Disk images are understood in three formats:
+
+
+ A simple directory tree,
+ containing the files and directories of the
+ container to boot.
+
+ A subvolume (on btrfs file
+ systems), which are similar to the simple
+ directories, described above. However, they
+ have additional benefits, such as efficient
+ cloning and quota reporting.
+
+ "Raw" disk images, i.e. binary
+ images of disks with a GPT or MBR partition
+ table. Images of this type are regular
+ files with the suffix
+ .raw.
+
+
+ See
+ systemd-nspawn1
+ for more information on image formats, in particular
+ it's and
+ options.
@@ -273,28 +647,14 @@
code otherwise.
-
- Environment
-
-
-
- $SYSTEMD_PAGER
- Pager to use when
- is not given;
- overrides $PAGER. Setting
- this to an empty string or the value
- cat is equivalent to passing
- .
-
-
-
+ See Alsosystemd-machined.service8,
- systemd-logind.service8,
- systemd.special7.
+ systemd-nspawn1,
+ systemd.special7