+static int format_cmdline(sd_bus_message *m, FILE *f, bool needs_space) {
+ int r;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ const char *contents = NULL;
+ char type;
+ union {
+ uint8_t u8;
+ uint16_t u16;
+ int16_t s16;
+ uint32_t u32;
+ int32_t s32;
+ uint64_t u64;
+ int64_t s64;
+ double d64;
+ const char *string;
+ int i;
+ } basic;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_peek_type(m, &type, &contents);
+ if (r <= 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (bus_type_is_container(type) > 0) {
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, type, contents);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY) {
+ unsigned n = 0;
+
+ /* count array entries */
+ for (;;) {
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_skip(m, contents);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ if (r == 0)
+ break;
+
+ n++;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_rewind(m, false);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (needs_space)
+ fputc(' ', f);
+
+ fprintf(f, "%u", n);
+ } else if (type == SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT) {
+
+ if (needs_space)
+ fputc(' ', f);
+
+ fprintf(f, "%s", contents);
+ }
+
+ r = format_cmdline(m, f, needs_space || IN_SET(type, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read_basic(m, type, &basic);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (needs_space)
+ fputc(' ', f);
+
+ switch (type) {
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_BYTE:
+ fprintf(f, "%u", basic.u8);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+ fputs(true_false(basic.i), f);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT16:
+ fprintf(f, "%i", basic.s16);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT16:
+ fprintf(f, "%u", basic.u16);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT32:
+ fprintf(f, "%i", basic.s32);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT32:
+ fprintf(f, "%u", basic.u32);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_INT64:
+ fprintf(f, "%" PRIi64, basic.s64);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_UINT64:
+ fprintf(f, "%" PRIu64, basic.u64);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE:
+ fprintf(f, "%g", basic.d64);
+ break;
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_STRING:
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_OBJECT_PATH:
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE: {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *b = NULL;
+
+ b = cescape(basic.string);
+ if (!b)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ fprintf(f, "\"%s\"", b);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ case SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD:
+ fprintf(f, "%i", basic.i);
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ assert_not_reached("Unknown basic type.");
+ }
+
+ needs_space = true;
+ }
+}
+
+typedef struct Member {
+ const char *type;
+ char *interface;
+ char *name;
+ char *signature;
+ char *result;
+ char *value;
+ bool writable;
+ uint64_t flags;
+} Member;
+
+static unsigned long member_hash_func(const void *p, const uint8_t hash_key[]) {
+ const Member *m = p;
+ unsigned long ul;
+
+ assert(m);
+ assert(m->type);
+
+ ul = string_hash_func(m->type, hash_key);
+
+ if (m->name)
+ ul ^= string_hash_func(m->name, hash_key);
+
+ if (m->interface)
+ ul ^= string_hash_func(m->interface, hash_key);
+
+ return ul;
+}
+
+static int member_compare_func(const void *a, const void *b) {
+ const Member *x = a, *y = b;
+ int d;
+
+ assert(x);
+ assert(y);
+ assert(x->type);
+ assert(y->type);
+
+ if (!x->interface && y->interface)
+ return -1;
+ if (x->interface && !y->interface)
+ return 1;
+ if (x->interface && y->interface) {
+ d = strcmp(x->interface, y->interface);
+ if (d != 0)
+ return d;
+ }
+
+ d = strcmp(x->type, y->type);
+ if (d != 0)
+ return d;
+
+ if (!x->name && y->name)
+ return -1;
+ if (x->name && !y->name)
+ return 1;
+ if (x->name && y->name)
+ return strcmp(x->name, y->name);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int member_compare_funcp(const void *a, const void *b) {
+ const Member *const * x = (const Member *const *) a, * const *y = (const Member *const *) b;
+
+ return member_compare_func(*x, *y);
+}
+
+static void member_free(Member *m) {
+ if (!m)
+ return;
+
+ free(m->interface);
+ free(m->name);
+ free(m->signature);
+ free(m->result);
+ free(m->value);
+ free(m);
+}
+
+DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(Member*, member_free);
+
+static void member_set_free(Set *s) {
+ Member *m;
+
+ while ((m = set_steal_first(s)))
+ member_free(m);
+
+ set_free(s);
+}
+
+DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(Set*, member_set_free);
+
+static int on_interface(const char *interface, uint64_t flags, void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(member_freep) Member *m;
+ Set *members = userdata;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(interface);
+ assert(members);
+
+ m = new0(Member, 1);
+ if (!m)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ m->type = "interface";
+ m->flags = flags;
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->interface, interface);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = set_put(members, m);
+ if (r <= 0) {
+ log_error("Duplicate interface");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ m = NULL;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int on_method(const char *interface, const char *name, const char *signature, const char *result, uint64_t flags, void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(member_freep) Member *m;
+ Set *members = userdata;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(interface);
+ assert(name);
+
+ m = new0(Member, 1);
+ if (!m)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ m->type = "method";
+ m->flags = flags;
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->interface, interface);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->name, name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->signature, signature);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->result, result);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = set_put(members, m);
+ if (r <= 0) {
+ log_error("Duplicate method");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ m = NULL;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int on_signal(const char *interface, const char *name, const char *signature, uint64_t flags, void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(member_freep) Member *m;
+ Set *members = userdata;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(interface);
+ assert(name);
+
+ m = new0(Member, 1);
+ if (!m)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ m->type = "signal";
+ m->flags = flags;
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->interface, interface);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->name, name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->signature, signature);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = set_put(members, m);
+ if (r <= 0) {
+ log_error("Duplicate signal");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ m = NULL;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int on_property(const char *interface, const char *name, const char *signature, bool writable, uint64_t flags, void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(member_freep) Member *m;
+ Set *members = userdata;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(interface);
+ assert(name);
+
+ m = new0(Member, 1);
+ if (!m)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ m->type = "property";
+ m->flags = flags;
+ m->writable = writable;
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->interface, interface);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->name, name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = free_and_strdup(&m->signature, signature);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = set_put(members, m);
+ if (r <= 0) {
+ log_error("Duplicate property");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ m = NULL;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *strdash(const char *x) {
+ return isempty(x) ? "-" : x;
+}
+
+static int introspect(sd_bus *bus, char **argv) {
+ static const struct hash_ops member_hash_ops = {
+ .hash = member_hash_func,
+ .compare = member_compare_func,
+ };
+
+ static const XMLIntrospectOps ops = {
+ .on_interface = on_interface,
+ .on_method = on_method,
+ .on_signal = on_signal,
+ .on_property = on_property,
+ };
+
+ _cleanup_bus_message_unref_ sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
+ _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(member_set_freep) Set *members = NULL;
+ Iterator i;
+ Member *m;
+ const char *xml;
+ int r;
+ unsigned name_width, type_width, signature_width, result_width;
+ Member **sorted = NULL;
+ unsigned k = 0, j, n_args;
+
+ n_args = strv_length(argv);
+ if (n_args < 3) {
+ log_error("Requires service and object path argument.");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (n_args > 4) {
+ log_error("Too many arguments.");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ members = set_new(&member_hash_ops);
+ if (!members)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = sd_bus_call_method(bus, argv[1], argv[2], "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable", "Introspect", &error, &reply, "");
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_error("Failed to introspect object %s of service %s: %s", argv[2], argv[1], bus_error_message(&error, r));
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "s", &xml);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ /* First, get list of all properties */
+ r = parse_xml_introspect(argv[2], xml, &ops, members);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ /* Second, find the current values for them */
+ SET_FOREACH(m, members, i) {
+
+ if (!streq(m->type, "property"))
+ continue;
+
+ if (m->value)
+ continue;
+
+ if (argv[3] && !streq(argv[3], m->interface))
+ continue;
+
+ r = sd_bus_call_method(bus, argv[1], argv[2], "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties", "GetAll", &error, &reply, "s", m->interface);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_error("%s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'a', "{sv}");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ for (;;) {
+ Member *z;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL;
+ _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *mf = NULL;
+ size_t sz = 0;
+ const char *name;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'e', "sv");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ if (r == 0)
+ break;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "s", &name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, 'v', NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ mf = open_memstream(&buf, &sz);
+ if (!mf)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = format_cmdline(reply, mf, false);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ fclose(mf);
+ mf = NULL;
+
+ z = set_get(members, &((Member) {
+ .type = "property",
+ .interface = m->interface,
+ .name = (char*) name }));
+ if (z) {
+ free(z->value);
+ z->value = buf;
+ buf = NULL;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(reply);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+ }
+
+ pager_open_if_enabled();
+
+ name_width = strlen("NAME");
+ type_width = strlen("TYPE");
+ signature_width = strlen("SIGNATURE");
+ result_width = strlen("RESULT/VALUE");
+
+ sorted = newa(Member*, set_size(members));
+
+ SET_FOREACH(m, members, i) {
+
+ if (argv[3] && !streq(argv[3], m->interface))
+ continue;
+
+ if (m->interface)
+ name_width = MAX(name_width, strlen(m->interface));
+ if (m->name)
+ name_width = MAX(name_width, strlen(m->name) + 1);
+ if (m->type)
+ type_width = MAX(type_width, strlen(m->type));
+ if (m->signature)
+ signature_width = MAX(signature_width, strlen(m->signature));
+ if (m->result)
+ result_width = MAX(result_width, strlen(m->result));
+ if (m->value)
+ result_width = MAX(result_width, strlen(m->value));
+
+ sorted[k++] = m;
+ }
+
+ if (result_width > 40)
+ result_width = 40;
+
+ qsort(sorted, k, sizeof(Member*), member_compare_funcp);
+
+ if (arg_legend) {
+ printf("%-*s %-*s %-*s %-*s %s\n",
+ (int) name_width, "NAME",
+ (int) type_width, "TYPE",
+ (int) signature_width, "SIGNATURE",
+ (int) result_width, "RESULT/VALUE",
+ "FLAGS");
+ }
+
+ for (j = 0; j < k; j++) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *ellipsized = NULL;
+ const char *rv;
+ bool is_interface;
+
+ m = sorted[j];
+
+ if (argv[3] && !streq(argv[3], m->interface))
+ continue;
+
+ is_interface = streq(m->type, "interface");
+
+ if (argv[3] && is_interface)
+ continue;
+
+ if (m->value) {
+ ellipsized = ellipsize(m->value, result_width, 100);
+ if (!ellipsized)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ rv = ellipsized;
+ } else
+ rv = strdash(m->result);
+
+ printf("%s%s%-*s%s %-*s %-*s %-*s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
+ is_interface ? ansi_highlight() : "",
+ is_interface ? "" : ".",
+ - !is_interface + (int) name_width, strdash(streq_ptr(m->type, "interface") ? m->interface : m->name),
+ is_interface ? ansi_highlight_off() : "",
+ (int) type_width, strdash(m->type),
+ (int) signature_width, strdash(m->signature),
+ (int) result_width, rv,
+ (m->flags & SD_BUS_VTABLE_DEPRECATED) ? " deprecated" : (m->flags || m->writable ? "" : " -"),
+ (m->flags & SD_BUS_VTABLE_METHOD_NO_REPLY) ? " no-reply" : "",
+ (m->flags & SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_CONST) ? " const" : "",
+ (m->flags & SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_EMITS_CHANGE) ? " emits-change" : "",
+ (m->flags & SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_EMITS_INVALIDATION) ? " emits-invalidation" : "",
+ m->writable ? " writable" : "");
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+