1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <sys/types.h>
37 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
39 #include <linux/tiocl.h>
44 #include <sys/prctl.h>
45 #include <sys/utsname.h>
47 #include <netinet/ip.h>
56 #include <sys/mount.h>
57 #include <linux/magic.h>
61 #include <sys/personality.h>
62 #include <sys/xattr.h>
64 #include <sys/statvfs.h>
68 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
80 #include "path-util.h"
81 #include "exit-status.h"
85 #include "device-nodes.h"
90 #include "sparse-endian.h"
93 char **saved_argv = NULL;
95 static volatile unsigned cached_columns = 0;
96 static volatile unsigned cached_lines = 0;
98 size_t page_size(void) {
99 static thread_local size_t pgsz = 0;
102 if (_likely_(pgsz > 0))
105 r = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
112 bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) {
114 /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */
125 char* endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) {
132 pl = strlen(postfix);
135 return (char*) s + sl;
140 if (memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) != 0)
143 return (char*) s + sl - pl;
146 char* first_word(const char *s, const char *word) {
153 /* Checks if the string starts with the specified word, either
154 * followed by NUL or by whitespace. Returns a pointer to the
155 * NUL or the first character after the whitespace. */
166 if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0)
173 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, *p))
176 p += strspn(p, WHITESPACE);
180 static size_t cescape_char(char c, char *buf) {
181 char * buf_old = buf;
227 /* For special chars we prefer octal over
228 * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's
229 * g_strescape() does the same */
230 if ((c < ' ') || (c >= 127)) {
232 *(buf++) = octchar((unsigned char) c >> 6);
233 *(buf++) = octchar((unsigned char) c >> 3);
234 *(buf++) = octchar((unsigned char) c);
240 return buf - buf_old;
243 int close_nointr(int fd) {
250 * Just ignore EINTR; a retry loop is the wrong thing to do on
253 * http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0509.1/0877.html
254 * https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=682819
255 * http://utcc.utoronto.ca/~cks/space/blog/unix/CloseEINTR
256 * https://sites.google.com/site/michaelsafyan/software-engineering/checkforeintrwheninvokingclosethinkagain
264 int safe_close(int fd) {
267 * Like close_nointr() but cannot fail. Guarantees errno is
268 * unchanged. Is a NOP with negative fds passed, and returns
269 * -1, so that it can be used in this syntax:
271 * fd = safe_close(fd);
277 /* The kernel might return pretty much any error code
278 * via close(), but the fd will be closed anyway. The
279 * only condition we want to check for here is whether
280 * the fd was invalid at all... */
282 assert_se(close_nointr(fd) != -EBADF);
288 void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) {
291 assert(fds || n_fd <= 0);
293 for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++)
297 int unlink_noerrno(const char *path) {
308 int parse_boolean(const char *v) {
311 if (streq(v, "1") || strcaseeq(v, "yes") || strcaseeq(v, "y") || strcaseeq(v, "true") || strcaseeq(v, "t") || strcaseeq(v, "on"))
313 else if (streq(v, "0") || strcaseeq(v, "no") || strcaseeq(v, "n") || strcaseeq(v, "false") || strcaseeq(v, "f") || strcaseeq(v, "off"))
319 int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) {
320 unsigned long ul = 0;
327 r = safe_atolu(s, &ul);
333 if ((unsigned long) pid != ul)
343 int parse_uid(const char *s, uid_t* ret_uid) {
344 unsigned long ul = 0;
351 r = safe_atolu(s, &ul);
357 if ((unsigned long) uid != ul)
360 /* Some libc APIs use UID_INVALID as special placeholder */
361 if (uid == (uid_t) 0xFFFFFFFF)
364 /* A long time ago UIDs where 16bit, hence explicitly avoid the 16bit -1 too */
365 if (uid == (uid_t) 0xFFFF)
372 int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) {
380 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
382 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
383 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
385 if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l)
388 *ret_u = (unsigned) l;
392 int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) {
400 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
402 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
403 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
405 if ((long) (int) l != l)
412 int safe_atou8(const char *s, uint8_t *ret) {
420 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
422 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
423 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
425 if ((unsigned long) (uint8_t) l != l)
432 int safe_atou16(const char *s, uint16_t *ret) {
440 l = strtoul(s, &x, 0);
442 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
443 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
445 if ((unsigned long) (uint16_t) l != l)
452 int safe_atoi16(const char *s, int16_t *ret) {
460 l = strtol(s, &x, 0);
462 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
463 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -EINVAL;
465 if ((long) (int16_t) l != l)
472 int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) {
474 unsigned long long l;
480 l = strtoull(s, &x, 0);
482 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
483 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
489 int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) {
497 l = strtoll(s, &x, 0);
499 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
500 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
506 int safe_atod(const char *s, double *ret_d) {
513 RUN_WITH_LOCALE(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, "C") {
518 if (!x || x == s || *x || errno)
519 return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
525 static size_t strcspn_escaped(const char *s, const char *reject) {
526 bool escaped = false;
529 for (n=0; s[n]; n++) {
532 else if (s[n] == '\\')
534 else if (strchr(reject, s[n]))
538 /* if s ends in \, return index of previous char */
542 /* Split a string into words. */
543 const char* split(const char **state, size_t *l, const char *separator, bool quoted) {
549 assert(**state == '\0');
553 current += strspn(current, separator);
559 if (quoted && strchr("\'\"", *current)) {
560 char quotechars[2] = {*current, '\0'};
562 *l = strcspn_escaped(current + 1, quotechars);
563 if (current[*l + 1] == '\0' ||
564 (current[*l + 2] && !strchr(separator, current[*l + 2]))) {
565 /* right quote missing or garbage at the end */
569 assert(current[*l + 1] == quotechars[0]);
570 *state = current++ + *l + 2;
572 *l = strcspn_escaped(current, separator);
573 if (current[*l] && !strchr(separator, current[*l])) {
574 /* unfinished escape */
578 *state = current + *l;
580 *l = strcspn(current, separator);
581 *state = current + *l;
587 int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) {
589 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
601 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
602 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
606 /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed
607 * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's
608 * skip over it manually */
610 p = strrchr(line, ')');
622 if ((long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid)
625 *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid;
630 int fchmod_umask(int fd, mode_t m) {
635 r = fchmod(fd, m & (~u)) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
641 char *truncate_nl(char *s) {
644 s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0;
648 int get_process_state(pid_t pid) {
652 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
656 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
657 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
661 p = strrchr(line, ')');
667 if (sscanf(p, " %c", &state) != 1)
670 return (unsigned char) state;
673 int get_process_comm(pid_t pid, char **name) {
680 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "comm");
682 r = read_one_line_file(p, name);
689 int get_process_cmdline(pid_t pid, size_t max_length, bool comm_fallback, char **line) {
690 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
698 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cmdline");
704 if (max_length == 0) {
705 size_t len = 0, allocated = 0;
707 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
709 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(r, allocated, len+2)) {
714 r[len++] = isprint(c) ? c : ' ';
724 r = new(char, max_length);
730 while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) {
752 size_t n = MIN(left-1, 3U);
759 /* Kernel threads have no argv[] */
761 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
769 h = get_process_comm(pid, &t);
773 r = strjoin("[", t, "]", NULL);
782 int is_kernel_thread(pid_t pid) {
794 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cmdline");
799 count = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
803 /* Kernel threads have an empty cmdline */
806 return eof ? 1 : -errno;
811 int get_process_capeff(pid_t pid, char **capeff) {
817 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "status");
819 return get_status_field(p, "\nCapEff:", capeff);
822 static int get_process_link_contents(const char *proc_file, char **name) {
828 r = readlink_malloc(proc_file, name);
830 return r == -ENOENT ? -ESRCH : r;
835 int get_process_exe(pid_t pid, char **name) {
842 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "exe");
843 r = get_process_link_contents(p, name);
847 d = endswith(*name, " (deleted)");
854 static int get_process_id(pid_t pid, const char *field, uid_t *uid) {
855 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
865 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "status");
870 FOREACH_LINE(line, f, return -errno) {
875 if (startswith(l, field)) {
877 l += strspn(l, WHITESPACE);
879 l[strcspn(l, WHITESPACE)] = 0;
881 return parse_uid(l, uid);
888 int get_process_uid(pid_t pid, uid_t *uid) {
889 return get_process_id(pid, "Uid:", uid);
892 int get_process_gid(pid_t pid, gid_t *gid) {
893 assert_cc(sizeof(uid_t) == sizeof(gid_t));
894 return get_process_id(pid, "Gid:", gid);
897 int get_process_cwd(pid_t pid, char **cwd) {
902 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "cwd");
904 return get_process_link_contents(p, cwd);
907 int get_process_root(pid_t pid, char **root) {
912 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "root");
914 return get_process_link_contents(p, root);
917 int get_process_environ(pid_t pid, char **env) {
918 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
919 _cleanup_free_ char *outcome = NULL;
922 size_t allocated = 0, sz = 0;
927 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "environ");
933 while ((c = fgetc(f)) != EOF) {
934 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(outcome, allocated, sz + 5))
938 outcome[sz++] = '\n';
940 sz += cescape_char(c, outcome + sz);
950 char *strnappend(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b) {
958 return strndup(suffix, b);
967 if (b > ((size_t) -1) - a)
970 r = new(char, a+b+1);
975 memcpy(r+a, suffix, b);
981 char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) {
982 return strnappend(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0);
985 int readlinkat_malloc(int fd, const char *p, char **ret) {
1000 n = readlinkat(fd, p, c, l-1);
1007 if ((size_t) n < l-1) {
1018 int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **ret) {
1019 return readlinkat_malloc(AT_FDCWD, p, ret);
1022 int readlink_value(const char *p, char **ret) {
1023 _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
1027 r = readlink_malloc(p, &link);
1031 value = basename(link);
1035 value = strdup(value);
1044 int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) {
1045 _cleanup_free_ char *target = NULL;
1052 j = readlink_malloc(p, &target);
1056 k = file_in_same_dir(p, target);
1064 int readlink_and_canonicalize(const char *p, char **r) {
1071 j = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &t);
1075 s = canonicalize_file_name(t);
1082 path_kill_slashes(*r);
1087 int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) {
1090 for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) {
1091 struct sigaction sa = {
1092 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
1093 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
1096 /* These two cannot be caught... */
1097 if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP)
1100 /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by
1101 * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */
1102 if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0))
1103 if (errno != EINVAL && r == 0)
1110 int reset_signal_mask(void) {
1113 if (sigemptyset(&ss) < 0)
1116 if (sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &ss, NULL) < 0)
1122 char *strstrip(char *s) {
1125 /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in
1126 * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */
1128 s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE);
1130 for (e = strchr(s, 0); e > s; e --)
1131 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, e[-1]))
1139 char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) {
1142 /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */
1144 for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) {
1145 if (strchr(bad, *f))
1156 char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) {
1163 /* This removes the last component of path and appends
1164 * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the
1167 if (path_is_absolute(filename))
1168 return strdup(filename);
1170 e = strrchr(path, '/');
1172 return strdup(filename);
1174 k = strlen(filename);
1175 ret = new(char, (e + 1 - path) + k + 1);
1179 memcpy(mempcpy(ret, path, e + 1 - path), filename, k + 1);
1183 int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) {
1192 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1193 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1199 /* Skip last component */
1200 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/')
1203 /* Skip trailing slashes */
1204 while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/')
1210 if (!(t = strndup(path, l)))
1213 if (path_startswith(stop, t)) {
1222 if (errno != ENOENT)
1229 char hexchar(int x) {
1230 static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
1232 return table[x & 15];
1235 int unhexchar(char c) {
1237 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1240 if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
1241 return c - 'a' + 10;
1243 if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
1244 return c - 'A' + 10;
1249 char *hexmem(const void *p, size_t l) {
1253 z = r = malloc(l * 2 + 1);
1257 for (x = p; x < (const uint8_t*) p + l; x++) {
1258 *(z++) = hexchar(*x >> 4);
1259 *(z++) = hexchar(*x & 15);
1266 void *unhexmem(const char *p, size_t l) {
1272 z = r = malloc((l + 1) / 2 + 1);
1276 for (x = p; x < p + l; x += 2) {
1279 a = unhexchar(x[0]);
1281 b = unhexchar(x[1]);
1285 *(z++) = (uint8_t) a << 4 | (uint8_t) b;
1292 char octchar(int x) {
1293 return '0' + (x & 7);
1296 int unoctchar(char c) {
1298 if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
1304 char decchar(int x) {
1305 return '0' + (x % 10);
1308 int undecchar(char c) {
1310 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
1316 char *cescape(const char *s) {
1322 /* Does C style string escaping. */
1324 r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1);
1328 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++)
1329 t += cescape_char(*f, t);
1336 char *cunescape_length_with_prefix(const char *s, size_t length, const char *prefix) {
1343 /* Undoes C style string escaping, and optionally prefixes it. */
1345 pl = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
1347 r = new(char, pl+length+1);
1352 memcpy(r, prefix, pl);
1354 for (f = s, t = r + pl; f < s + length; f++) {
1355 size_t remaining = s + length - f;
1356 assert(remaining > 0);
1358 if (*f != '\\') { /* a literal literal */
1363 if (--remaining == 0) { /* copy trailing backslash verbatim */
1404 /* This is an extension of the XDG syntax files */
1409 /* hexadecimal encoding */
1412 if (remaining >= 2) {
1413 a = unhexchar(f[1]);
1414 b = unhexchar(f[2]);
1417 if (a < 0 || b < 0 || (a == 0 && b == 0)) {
1418 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1422 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b);
1437 /* octal encoding */
1438 int a = -1, b = -1, c = -1;
1440 if (remaining >= 3) {
1441 a = unoctchar(f[0]);
1442 b = unoctchar(f[1]);
1443 c = unoctchar(f[2]);
1446 if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0 || (a == 0 && b == 0 && c == 0)) {
1447 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1451 *(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c);
1459 /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */
1470 char *cunescape_length(const char *s, size_t length) {
1471 return cunescape_length_with_prefix(s, length, NULL);
1474 char *cunescape(const char *s) {
1477 return cunescape_length(s, strlen(s));
1480 char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) {
1484 /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special
1485 * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with
1488 r = new(char, strlen(s) * 4 + 1);
1492 for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) {
1494 if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) ||
1495 (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) {
1498 *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4);
1499 *(t++) = hexchar(*f);
1509 char *ascii_strlower(char *t) {
1514 for (p = t; *p; p++)
1515 if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z')
1516 *p = *p - 'A' + 'a';
1521 _pure_ static bool hidden_file_allow_backup(const char *filename) {
1525 filename[0] == '.' ||
1526 streq(filename, "lost+found") ||
1527 streq(filename, "aquota.user") ||
1528 streq(filename, "aquota.group") ||
1529 endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") ||
1530 endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") ||
1531 endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") ||
1532 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") ||
1533 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") ||
1534 endswith(filename, ".dpkg-tmp") ||
1535 endswith(filename, ".swp");
1538 bool hidden_file(const char *filename) {
1541 if (endswith(filename, "~"))
1544 return hidden_file_allow_backup(filename);
1547 int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) {
1552 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
1557 nflags = flags | O_NONBLOCK;
1559 nflags = flags & ~O_NONBLOCK;
1561 if (nflags == flags)
1564 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, nflags) < 0)
1570 int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) {
1575 flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0);
1580 nflags = flags | FD_CLOEXEC;
1582 nflags = flags & ~FD_CLOEXEC;
1584 if (nflags == flags)
1587 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, nflags) < 0)
1593 _pure_ static bool fd_in_set(int fd, const int fdset[], unsigned n_fdset) {
1596 assert(n_fdset == 0 || fdset);
1598 for (i = 0; i < n_fdset; i++)
1605 int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) {
1606 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
1610 assert(n_except == 0 || except);
1612 d = opendir("/proc/self/fd");
1617 /* When /proc isn't available (for example in chroots)
1618 * the fallback is brute forcing through the fd
1621 assert_se(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl) >= 0);
1622 for (fd = 3; fd < (int) rl.rlim_max; fd ++) {
1624 if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
1627 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0)
1628 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
1635 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
1638 if (hidden_file(de->d_name))
1641 if (safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd) < 0)
1642 /* Let's better ignore this, just in case */
1651 if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except))
1654 if (close_nointr(fd) < 0) {
1655 /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */
1656 if (errno != EBADF && r == 0)
1664 bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) {
1667 /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */
1668 for (p = a; *p; p++)
1675 bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) {
1676 static const char table[] =
1690 x = startswith(fstype, "fuse.");
1694 return nulstr_contains(table, fstype);
1698 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
1700 fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1706 TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT,
1710 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0)
1713 vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0];
1716 if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0)
1722 int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, usec_t t, bool *need_nl) {
1723 struct termios old_termios, new_termios;
1724 char c, line[LINE_MAX];
1729 if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) {
1730 new_termios = old_termios;
1732 new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON;
1733 new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1734 new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1736 if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) {
1739 if (t != USEC_INFINITY) {
1740 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0) {
1741 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1746 k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f);
1748 tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios);
1754 *need_nl = c != '\n';
1761 if (t != USEC_INFINITY) {
1762 if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0)
1767 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))
1768 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
1772 if (strlen(line) != 1)
1782 int ask_char(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) {
1792 bool need_nl = true;
1795 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout);
1802 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout);
1806 r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, USEC_INFINITY, &need_nl);
1809 if (r == -EBADMSG) {
1810 puts("Bad input, please try again.");
1821 if (strchr(replies, c)) {
1826 puts("Read unexpected character, please try again.");
1830 int ask_string(char **ret, const char *text, ...) {
1835 char line[LINE_MAX];
1839 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout);
1846 fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout);
1851 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin))
1852 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
1854 if (!endswith(line, "\n"))
1873 int reset_terminal_fd(int fd, bool switch_to_text) {
1874 struct termios termios;
1877 /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */
1881 /* We leave locked terminal attributes untouched, so that
1882 * Plymouth may set whatever it wants to set, and we don't
1883 * interfere with that. */
1885 /* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */
1886 ioctl(fd, TIOCNXCL);
1888 /* Switch to text mode */
1890 ioctl(fd, KDSETMODE, KD_TEXT);
1892 /* Enable console unicode mode */
1893 ioctl(fd, KDSKBMODE, K_UNICODE);
1895 if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) {
1900 /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How
1901 * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody
1902 * else will do that for us */
1904 termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC);
1905 termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8;
1906 termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR;
1907 termios.c_cflag |= CREAD;
1908 termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE;
1910 termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */
1911 termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */
1912 termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177;
1913 termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */
1914 termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */
1915 termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */
1916 termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */
1917 termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */
1918 termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */
1919 termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */
1920 termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */
1921 termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0;
1922 termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0;
1924 termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
1925 termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
1927 if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0)
1931 /* Just in case, flush all crap out */
1932 tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH);
1937 int reset_terminal(const char *name) {
1938 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
1940 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
1944 return reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
1947 int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) {
1952 * If a TTY is in the process of being closed opening it might
1953 * cause EIO. This is horribly awful, but unlikely to be
1954 * changed in the kernel. Hence we work around this problem by
1955 * retrying a couple of times.
1957 * https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/554172/comments/245
1960 assert(!(mode & O_CREAT));
1963 fd = open(name, mode, 0);
1970 /* Max 1s in total */
1974 usleep(50 * USEC_PER_MSEC);
1992 int flush_fd(int fd) {
1993 struct pollfd pollfd = {
2003 r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0);
2013 l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
2019 if (errno == EAGAIN)
2028 int acquire_terminal(
2032 bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm,
2035 int fd = -1, notify = -1, r = 0, wd = -1;
2040 /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We
2041 * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire
2042 * it, so that we don't lose any event.
2044 * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the
2045 * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a
2046 * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some
2047 * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing
2048 * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long
2049 * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service
2050 * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a
2051 * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */
2053 if (timeout != USEC_INFINITY)
2054 ts = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
2056 if (!fail && !force) {
2057 notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC | (timeout != USEC_INFINITY ? IN_NONBLOCK : 0));
2063 wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE);
2071 struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new = {
2072 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2073 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2077 r = flush_fd(notify);
2082 /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return
2083 * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we
2084 * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */
2085 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
2089 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
2090 * if we already own the tty. */
2091 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
2093 /* First, try to get the tty */
2094 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force) < 0)
2097 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
2099 /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY
2100 * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already
2101 * are have this controlling terminal. */
2102 if (r < 0 && r == -EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm)
2105 if (r < 0 && (force || fail || r != -EPERM)) {
2114 assert(notify >= 0);
2117 union inotify_event_buffer buffer;
2118 struct inotify_event *e;
2121 if (timeout != USEC_INFINITY) {
2124 n = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
2125 if (ts + timeout < n) {
2130 r = fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, ts + timeout - n);
2140 l = read(notify, &buffer, sizeof(buffer));
2142 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2149 FOREACH_INOTIFY_EVENT(e, buffer, l) {
2150 if (e->wd != wd || !(e->mask & IN_CLOSE)) {
2159 /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session
2160 * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that
2161 * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter
2162 * an endless loop. */
2163 fd = safe_close(fd);
2168 r = reset_terminal_fd(fd, true);
2170 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to reset terminal: %m");
2181 int release_terminal(void) {
2182 static const struct sigaction sa_new = {
2183 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2184 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2187 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
2188 struct sigaction sa_old;
2191 fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC);
2195 /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed
2196 * by our own TIOCNOTTY */
2197 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0);
2199 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0)
2202 assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0);
2207 int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) {
2212 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2213 if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0)
2220 int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) {
2221 struct sigaction sa = {
2222 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
2223 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2228 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2232 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2233 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2240 int default_signals(int sig, ...) {
2241 struct sigaction sa = {
2242 .sa_handler = SIG_DFL,
2243 .sa_flags = SA_RESTART,
2248 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2252 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2253 if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)
2260 void safe_close_pair(int p[]) {
2264 /* Special case pairs which use the same fd in both
2266 p[0] = p[1] = safe_close(p[0]);
2270 p[0] = safe_close(p[0]);
2271 p[1] = safe_close(p[1]);
2274 ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2281 while (nbytes > 0) {
2284 k = read(fd, p, nbytes);
2289 if (errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2291 /* We knowingly ignore any return value here,
2292 * and expect that any error/EOF is reported
2295 fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, USEC_INFINITY);
2299 return n > 0 ? n : -errno;
2313 int loop_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) {
2314 const uint8_t *p = buf;
2321 while (nbytes > 0) {
2324 k = write(fd, p, nbytes);
2329 if (errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) {
2330 /* We knowingly ignore any return value here,
2331 * and expect that any error/EOF is reported
2334 fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLOUT, USEC_INFINITY);
2341 if (k == 0) /* Can't really happen */
2351 int parse_size(const char *t, off_t base, off_t *size) {
2353 /* Soo, sometimes we want to parse IEC binary suffxies, and
2354 * sometimes SI decimal suffixes. This function can parse
2355 * both. Which one is the right way depends on the
2356 * context. Wikipedia suggests that SI is customary for
2357 * hardrware metrics and network speeds, while IEC is
2358 * customary for most data sizes used by software and volatile
2359 * (RAM) memory. Hence be careful which one you pick!
2361 * In either case we use just K, M, G as suffix, and not Ki,
2362 * Mi, Gi or so (as IEC would suggest). That's because that's
2363 * frickin' ugly. But this means you really need to make sure
2364 * to document which base you are parsing when you use this
2369 unsigned long long factor;
2372 static const struct table iec[] = {
2373 { "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2374 { "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2375 { "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2376 { "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
2377 { "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL },
2383 static const struct table si[] = {
2384 { "E", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2385 { "P", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2386 { "T", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2387 { "G", 1000ULL*1000ULL*1000ULL },
2388 { "M", 1000ULL*1000ULL },
2394 const struct table *table;
2396 unsigned long long r = 0;
2397 unsigned n_entries, start_pos = 0;
2400 assert(base == 1000 || base == 1024);
2405 n_entries = ELEMENTSOF(si);
2408 n_entries = ELEMENTSOF(iec);
2414 unsigned long long l2;
2420 l = strtoll(p, &e, 10);
2433 if (*e >= '0' && *e <= '9') {
2436 /* strotoull itself would accept space/+/- */
2437 l2 = strtoull(e, &e2, 10);
2439 if (errno == ERANGE)
2442 /* Ignore failure. E.g. 10.M is valid */
2449 e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE);
2451 for (i = start_pos; i < n_entries; i++)
2452 if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) {
2453 unsigned long long tmp;
2454 if ((unsigned long long) l + (frac > 0) > ULLONG_MAX / table[i].factor)
2456 tmp = l * table[i].factor + (unsigned long long) (frac * table[i].factor);
2457 if (tmp > ULLONG_MAX - r)
2461 if ((unsigned long long) (off_t) r != r)
2464 p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix);
2480 int make_stdio(int fd) {
2485 r = dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
2486 s = dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
2487 t = dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
2492 if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0)
2495 /* Explicitly unset O_CLOEXEC, since if fd was < 3, then
2496 * dup2() was a NOP and the bit hence possibly set. */
2497 fd_cloexec(STDIN_FILENO, false);
2498 fd_cloexec(STDOUT_FILENO, false);
2499 fd_cloexec(STDERR_FILENO, false);
2504 int make_null_stdio(void) {
2507 null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY);
2511 return make_stdio(null_fd);
2514 bool is_device_path(const char *path) {
2516 /* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in
2517 * sysfs or in /dev */
2520 path_startswith(path, "/dev/") ||
2521 path_startswith(path, "/sys/");
2524 int dir_is_empty(const char *path) {
2525 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d;
2536 if (!de && errno != 0)
2542 if (!hidden_file(de->d_name))
2547 char* dirname_malloc(const char *path) {
2548 char *d, *dir, *dir2;
2565 int dev_urandom(void *p, size_t n) {
2566 static int have_syscall = -1;
2570 /* Gathers some randomness from the kernel. This call will
2571 * never block, and will always return some data from the
2572 * kernel, regardless if the random pool is fully initialized
2573 * or not. It thus makes no guarantee for the quality of the
2574 * returned entropy, but is good enough for or usual usecases
2575 * of seeding the hash functions for hashtable */
2577 /* Use the getrandom() syscall unless we know we don't have
2578 * it, or when the requested size is too large for it. */
2579 if (have_syscall != 0 || (size_t) (int) n != n) {
2580 r = getrandom(p, n, GRND_NONBLOCK);
2582 have_syscall = true;
2587 if (errno == ENOSYS)
2588 /* we lack the syscall, continue with
2589 * reading from /dev/urandom */
2590 have_syscall = false;
2591 else if (errno == EAGAIN)
2592 /* not enough entropy for now. Let's
2593 * remember to use the syscall the
2594 * next time, again, but also read
2595 * from /dev/urandom for now, which
2596 * doesn't care about the current
2597 * amount of entropy. */
2598 have_syscall = true;
2602 /* too short read? */
2606 fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
2608 return errno == ENOENT ? -ENOSYS : -errno;
2610 k = loop_read(fd, p, n, true);
2615 if ((size_t) k != n)
2621 void initialize_srand(void) {
2622 static bool srand_called = false;
2624 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
2633 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H
2634 /* The kernel provides us with a bit of entropy in auxv, so
2635 * let's try to make use of that to seed the pseudo-random
2636 * generator. It's better than nothing... */
2638 auxv = (void*) getauxval(AT_RANDOM);
2640 x ^= *(unsigned*) auxv;
2643 x ^= (unsigned) now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
2644 x ^= (unsigned) gettid();
2647 srand_called = true;
2650 void random_bytes(void *p, size_t n) {
2654 r = dev_urandom(p, n);
2658 /* If some idiot made /dev/urandom unavailable to us, he'll
2659 * get a PRNG instead. */
2663 for (q = p; q < (uint8_t*) p + n; q ++)
2667 void rename_process(const char name[8]) {
2670 /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). It changes the
2671 * comm field, argv[0], and also the glibc's internally used
2672 * name of the process. For the first one a limit of 16 chars
2673 * applies, to the second one usually one of 10 (i.e. length
2674 * of "/sbin/init"), to the third one one of 7 (i.e. length of
2675 * "systemd"). If you pass a longer string it will be
2678 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name);
2680 if (program_invocation_name)
2681 strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name));
2683 if (saved_argc > 0) {
2687 strncpy(saved_argv[0], name, strlen(saved_argv[0]));
2689 for (i = 1; i < saved_argc; i++) {
2693 memzero(saved_argv[i], strlen(saved_argv[i]));
2698 void sigset_add_many(sigset_t *ss, ...) {
2705 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2706 assert_se(sigaddset(ss, sig) == 0);
2710 int sigprocmask_many(int how, ...) {
2715 assert_se(sigemptyset(&ss) == 0);
2718 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0)
2719 assert_se(sigaddset(&ss, sig) == 0);
2722 if (sigprocmask(how, &ss, NULL) < 0)
2728 char* gethostname_malloc(void) {
2731 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2733 if (!isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)"))
2734 return strdup(u.nodename);
2736 return strdup(u.sysname);
2739 bool hostname_is_set(void) {
2742 assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0);
2744 return !isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)");
2747 char *lookup_uid(uid_t uid) {
2750 _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL;
2751 struct passwd pwbuf, *pw = NULL;
2753 /* Shortcut things to avoid NSS lookups */
2755 return strdup("root");
2757 bufsize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX);
2761 buf = malloc(bufsize);
2765 if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwbuf, buf, bufsize, &pw) == 0 && pw)
2766 return strdup(pw->pw_name);
2768 if (asprintf(&name, UID_FMT, uid) < 0)
2774 char* getlogname_malloc(void) {
2778 if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) >= 0)
2783 return lookup_uid(uid);
2786 char *getusername_malloc(void) {
2793 return lookup_uid(getuid());
2796 int getttyname_malloc(int fd, char **ret) {
2806 r = ttyname_r(fd, path, sizeof(path));
2811 p = startswith(path, "/dev/");
2812 c = strdup(p ?: path);
2829 int getttyname_harder(int fd, char **r) {
2833 k = getttyname_malloc(fd, &s);
2837 if (streq(s, "tty")) {
2839 return get_ctty(0, NULL, r);
2846 int get_ctty_devnr(pid_t pid, dev_t *d) {
2848 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
2850 unsigned long ttynr;
2854 p = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "stat");
2855 r = read_one_line_file(p, &line);
2859 p = strrchr(line, ')');
2869 "%*d " /* session */
2874 if (major(ttynr) == 0 && minor(ttynr) == 0)
2883 int get_ctty(pid_t pid, dev_t *_devnr, char **r) {
2884 char fn[sizeof("/dev/char/")-1 + 2*DECIMAL_STR_MAX(unsigned) + 1 + 1], *b = NULL;
2885 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
2892 k = get_ctty_devnr(pid, &devnr);
2896 sprintf(fn, "/dev/char/%u:%u", major(devnr), minor(devnr));
2898 k = readlink_malloc(fn, &s);
2904 /* This is an ugly hack */
2905 if (major(devnr) == 136) {
2906 asprintf(&b, "pts/%u", minor(devnr));
2910 /* Probably something like the ptys which have no
2911 * symlink in /dev/char. Let's return something
2912 * vaguely useful. */
2918 if (startswith(s, "/dev/"))
2920 else if (startswith(s, "../"))
2938 int rm_rf_children_dangerous(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) {
2939 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
2944 /* This returns the first error we run into, but nevertheless
2945 * tries to go on. This closes the passed fd. */
2951 return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;
2956 bool is_dir, keep_around;
2963 if (errno != 0 && ret == 0)
2968 if (streq(de->d_name, ".") || streq(de->d_name, ".."))
2971 if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN ||
2973 (de->d_type == DT_DIR && root_dev)) {
2974 if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) {
2975 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
2980 is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
2983 (st.st_uid == 0 || st.st_uid == getuid()) &&
2984 (st.st_mode & S_ISVTX);
2986 is_dir = de->d_type == DT_DIR;
2987 keep_around = false;
2993 /* if root_dev is set, remove subdirectories only, if device is same as dir */
2994 if (root_dev && st.st_dev != root_dev->st_dev)
2997 subdir_fd = openat(fd, de->d_name,
2998 O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME);
2999 if (subdir_fd < 0) {
3000 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
3005 r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(subdir_fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev);
3006 if (r < 0 && ret == 0)
3010 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0) {
3011 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
3015 } else if (!only_dirs && !keep_around) {
3017 if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, 0) < 0) {
3018 if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT)
3025 _pure_ static int is_temporary_fs(struct statfs *s) {
3028 return F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, TMPFS_MAGIC) ||
3029 F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, RAMFS_MAGIC);
3032 int is_fd_on_temporary_fs(int fd) {
3035 if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0)
3038 return is_temporary_fs(&s);
3041 int rm_rf_children(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) {
3046 if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) {
3051 /* We refuse to clean disk file systems with this call. This
3052 * is extra paranoia just to be sure we never ever remove
3054 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
3055 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
3060 return rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev);
3063 static int file_is_priv_sticky(const char *p) {
3068 if (lstat(p, &st) < 0)
3072 (st.st_uid == 0 || st.st_uid == getuid()) &&
3073 (st.st_mode & S_ISVTX);
3076 static int rm_rf_internal(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky, bool dangerous) {
3082 /* We refuse to clean the root file system with this
3083 * call. This is extra paranoia to never cause a really
3084 * seriously broken system. */
3085 if (path_equal(path, "/")) {
3086 log_error("Attempted to remove entire root file system, and we can't allow that.");
3090 fd = open(path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME);
3093 if (errno != ENOTDIR && errno != ELOOP)
3097 if (statfs(path, &s) < 0)
3100 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
3101 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
3106 if (delete_root && !only_dirs)
3107 if (unlink(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT)
3114 if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) {
3119 if (!is_temporary_fs(&s)) {
3120 log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that.");
3126 r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, NULL);
3129 if (honour_sticky && file_is_priv_sticky(path) > 0)
3132 if (rmdir(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
3141 int rm_rf(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) {
3142 return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, false);
3145 int rm_rf_dangerous(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) {
3146 return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, true);
3149 int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
3152 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
3153 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
3154 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
3156 if (mode != MODE_INVALID)
3157 if (chmod(path, mode) < 0)
3160 if (uid != UID_INVALID || gid != GID_INVALID)
3161 if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0)
3167 int fchmod_and_fchown(int fd, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
3170 /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we
3171 * first change the access mode and only then hand out
3172 * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */
3174 if (mode != MODE_INVALID)
3175 if (fchmod(fd, mode) < 0)
3178 if (uid != UID_INVALID || gid != GID_INVALID)
3179 if (fchown(fd, uid, gid) < 0)
3185 cpu_set_t* cpu_set_malloc(unsigned *ncpus) {
3189 /* Allocates the cpuset in the right size */
3192 if (!(r = CPU_ALLOC(n)))
3195 if (sched_getaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r) >= 0) {
3196 CPU_ZERO_S(CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r);
3206 if (errno != EINVAL)
3213 int status_vprintf(const char *status, bool ellipse, bool ephemeral, const char *format, va_list ap) {
3214 static const char status_indent[] = " "; /* "[" STATUS "] " */
3215 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
3216 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
3217 struct iovec iovec[6] = {};
3219 static bool prev_ephemeral;
3223 /* This is independent of logging, as status messages are
3224 * optional and go exclusively to the console. */
3226 if (vasprintf(&s, format, ap) < 0)
3229 fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
3242 sl = status ? sizeof(status_indent)-1 : 0;
3248 e = ellipsize(s, emax, 50);
3256 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\r" ANSI_ERASE_TO_END_OF_LINE);
3257 prev_ephemeral = ephemeral;
3260 if (!isempty(status)) {
3261 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "[");
3262 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status);
3263 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "] ");
3265 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status_indent);
3268 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], s);
3270 IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\n");
3272 if (writev(fd, iovec, n) < 0)
3278 int status_printf(const char *status, bool ellipse, bool ephemeral, const char *format, ...) {
3284 va_start(ap, format);
3285 r = status_vprintf(status, ellipse, ephemeral, format, ap);
3291 char *replace_env(const char *format, char **env) {
3298 const char *e, *word = format;
3303 for (e = format; *e; e ++) {
3314 k = strnappend(r, word, e-word-1);
3324 } else if (*e == '$') {
3325 k = strnappend(r, word, e-word);
3342 t = strempty(strv_env_get_n(env, word+2, e-word-2));
3344 k = strappend(r, t);
3358 k = strnappend(r, word, e-word);
3370 char **replace_env_argv(char **argv, char **env) {
3372 unsigned k = 0, l = 0;
3374 l = strv_length(argv);
3376 ret = new(char*, l+1);
3380 STRV_FOREACH(i, argv) {
3382 /* If $FOO appears as single word, replace it by the split up variable */
3383 if ((*i)[0] == '$' && (*i)[1] != '{') {
3388 e = strv_env_get(env, *i+1);
3392 r = strv_split_quoted(&m, e, true);
3404 w = realloc(ret, sizeof(char*) * (l+1));
3414 memcpy(ret + k, m, q * sizeof(char*));
3422 /* If ${FOO} appears as part of a word, replace it by the variable as-is */
3423 ret[k] = replace_env(*i, env);
3435 int fd_columns(int fd) {
3436 struct winsize ws = {};
3438 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
3447 unsigned columns(void) {
3451 if (_likely_(cached_columns > 0))
3452 return cached_columns;
3455 e = getenv("COLUMNS");
3457 (void) safe_atoi(e, &c);
3460 c = fd_columns(STDOUT_FILENO);
3466 return cached_columns;
3469 int fd_lines(int fd) {
3470 struct winsize ws = {};
3472 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
3481 unsigned lines(void) {
3485 if (_likely_(cached_lines > 0))
3486 return cached_lines;
3489 e = getenv("LINES");
3491 (void) safe_atoi(e, &l);
3494 l = fd_lines(STDOUT_FILENO);
3500 return cached_lines;
3503 /* intended to be used as a SIGWINCH sighandler */
3504 void columns_lines_cache_reset(int signum) {
3510 static int cached_on_tty = -1;
3512 if (_unlikely_(cached_on_tty < 0))
3513 cached_on_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0;
3515 return cached_on_tty;
3518 int files_same(const char *filea, const char *fileb) {
3521 if (stat(filea, &a) < 0)
3524 if (stat(fileb, &b) < 0)
3527 return a.st_dev == b.st_dev &&
3528 a.st_ino == b.st_ino;
3531 int running_in_chroot(void) {
3534 ret = files_same("/proc/1/root", "/");
3541 static char *ascii_ellipsize_mem(const char *s, size_t old_length, size_t new_length, unsigned percent) {
3546 assert(percent <= 100);
3547 assert(new_length >= 3);
3549 if (old_length <= 3 || old_length <= new_length)
3550 return strndup(s, old_length);
3552 r = new0(char, new_length+1);
3556 x = (new_length * percent) / 100;
3558 if (x > new_length - 3)
3566 s + old_length - (new_length - x - 3),
3567 new_length - x - 3);
3572 char *ellipsize_mem(const char *s, size_t old_length, size_t new_length, unsigned percent) {
3576 unsigned k, len, len2;
3579 assert(percent <= 100);
3580 assert(new_length >= 3);
3582 /* if no multibyte characters use ascii_ellipsize_mem for speed */
3583 if (ascii_is_valid(s))
3584 return ascii_ellipsize_mem(s, old_length, new_length, percent);
3586 if (old_length <= 3 || old_length <= new_length)
3587 return strndup(s, old_length);
3589 x = (new_length * percent) / 100;
3591 if (x > new_length - 3)
3595 for (i = s; k < x && i < s + old_length; i = utf8_next_char(i)) {
3598 c = utf8_encoded_to_unichar(i);
3601 k += unichar_iswide(c) ? 2 : 1;
3604 if (k > x) /* last character was wide and went over quota */
3607 for (j = s + old_length; k < new_length && j > i; ) {
3610 j = utf8_prev_char(j);
3611 c = utf8_encoded_to_unichar(j);
3614 k += unichar_iswide(c) ? 2 : 1;
3618 /* we don't actually need to ellipsize */
3620 return memdup(s, old_length + 1);
3622 /* make space for ellipsis */
3623 j = utf8_next_char(j);
3626 len2 = s + old_length - j;
3627 e = new(char, len + 3 + len2 + 1);
3632 printf("old_length=%zu new_length=%zu x=%zu len=%u len2=%u k=%u\n",
3633 old_length, new_length, x, len, len2, k);
3637 e[len] = 0xe2; /* tri-dot ellipsis: … */
3641 memcpy(e + len + 3, j, len2 + 1);
3646 char *ellipsize(const char *s, size_t length, unsigned percent) {
3647 return ellipsize_mem(s, strlen(s), length, percent);
3650 int touch_file(const char *path, bool parents, usec_t stamp, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, mode_t mode) {
3651 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
3657 mkdir_parents(path, 0755);
3659 fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, mode > 0 ? mode : 0644);
3664 r = fchmod(fd, mode);
3669 if (uid != UID_INVALID || gid != GID_INVALID) {
3670 r = fchown(fd, uid, gid);
3675 if (stamp != USEC_INFINITY) {
3676 struct timespec ts[2];
3678 timespec_store(&ts[0], stamp);
3680 r = futimens(fd, ts);
3682 r = futimens(fd, NULL);
3689 int touch(const char *path) {
3690 return touch_file(path, false, USEC_INFINITY, UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, 0);
3693 char *unquote(const char *s, const char* quotes) {
3697 /* This is rather stupid, simply removes the heading and
3698 * trailing quotes if there is one. Doesn't care about
3699 * escaping or anything. We should make this smarter one
3706 if (strchr(quotes, s[0]) && s[l-1] == s[0])
3707 return strndup(s+1, l-2);
3712 char *normalize_env_assignment(const char *s) {
3713 _cleanup_free_ char *value = NULL;
3717 eq = strchr(s, '=');
3727 memmove(r, t, strlen(t) + 1);
3732 name = strndupa(s, eq - s);
3733 p = strdupa(eq + 1);
3735 value = unquote(strstrip(p), QUOTES);
3739 return strjoin(strstrip(name), "=", value, NULL);
3742 int wait_for_terminate(pid_t pid, siginfo_t *status) {
3753 if (waitid(P_PID, pid, status, WEXITED) < 0) {
3767 * < 0 : wait_for_terminate() failed to get the state of the
3768 * process, the process was terminated by a signal, or
3769 * failed for an unknown reason.
3770 * >=0 : The process terminated normally, and its exit code is
3773 * That is, success is indicated by a return value of zero, and an
3774 * error is indicated by a non-zero value.
3776 * A warning is emitted if the process terminates abnormally,
3777 * and also if it returns non-zero unless check_exit_code is true.
3779 int wait_for_terminate_and_warn(const char *name, pid_t pid, bool check_exit_code) {
3786 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
3788 return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to wait for %s: %m", name);
3790 if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) {
3791 if (status.si_status != 0)
3792 log_full(check_exit_code ? LOG_WARNING : LOG_DEBUG,
3793 "%s failed with error code %i.", name, status.si_status);
3795 log_debug("%s succeeded.", name);
3797 return status.si_status;
3798 } else if (status.si_code == CLD_KILLED ||
3799 status.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
3801 log_warning("%s terminated by signal %s.", name, signal_to_string(status.si_status));
3805 log_warning("%s failed due to unknown reason.", name);
3809 noreturn void freeze(void) {
3811 /* Make sure nobody waits for us on a socket anymore */
3812 close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
3820 bool null_or_empty(struct stat *st) {
3823 if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode) && st->st_size <= 0)
3826 if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode))
3832 int null_or_empty_path(const char *fn) {
3837 if (stat(fn, &st) < 0)
3840 return null_or_empty(&st);
3843 int null_or_empty_fd(int fd) {
3848 if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
3851 return null_or_empty(&st);
3854 DIR *xopendirat(int fd, const char *name, int flags) {
3858 assert(!(flags & O_CREAT));
3860 nfd = openat(fd, name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|flags, 0);
3873 int signal_from_string_try_harder(const char *s) {
3877 signo = signal_from_string(s);
3879 if (startswith(s, "SIG"))
3880 return signal_from_string(s+3);
3885 static char *tag_to_udev_node(const char *tagvalue, const char *by) {
3886 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL, *u = NULL;
3889 u = unquote(tagvalue, "\"\'");
3893 enc_len = strlen(u) * 4 + 1;
3894 t = new(char, enc_len);
3898 if (encode_devnode_name(u, t, enc_len) < 0)
3901 return strjoin("/dev/disk/by-", by, "/", t, NULL);
3904 char *fstab_node_to_udev_node(const char *p) {
3907 if (startswith(p, "LABEL="))
3908 return tag_to_udev_node(p+6, "label");
3910 if (startswith(p, "UUID="))
3911 return tag_to_udev_node(p+5, "uuid");
3913 if (startswith(p, "PARTUUID="))
3914 return tag_to_udev_node(p+9, "partuuid");
3916 if (startswith(p, "PARTLABEL="))
3917 return tag_to_udev_node(p+10, "partlabel");
3922 bool tty_is_vc(const char *tty) {
3925 return vtnr_from_tty(tty) >= 0;
3928 bool tty_is_console(const char *tty) {
3931 if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
3934 return streq(tty, "console");
3937 int vtnr_from_tty(const char *tty) {
3942 if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
3945 if (!startswith(tty, "tty") )
3948 if (tty[3] < '0' || tty[3] > '9')
3951 r = safe_atoi(tty+3, &i);
3955 if (i < 0 || i > 63)
3961 char *resolve_dev_console(char **active) {
3964 /* Resolve where /dev/console is pointing to, if /sys is actually ours
3965 * (i.e. not read-only-mounted which is a sign for container setups) */
3967 if (path_is_read_only_fs("/sys") > 0)
3970 if (read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/console/active", active) < 0)
3973 /* If multiple log outputs are configured the last one is what
3974 * /dev/console points to */
3975 tty = strrchr(*active, ' ');
3981 if (streq(tty, "tty0")) {
3984 /* Get the active VC (e.g. tty1) */
3985 if (read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/tty0/active", &tmp) >= 0) {
3987 tty = *active = tmp;
3994 bool tty_is_vc_resolve(const char *tty) {
3995 _cleanup_free_ char *active = NULL;
3999 if (startswith(tty, "/dev/"))
4002 if (streq(tty, "console")) {
4003 tty = resolve_dev_console(&active);
4008 return tty_is_vc(tty);
4011 const char *default_term_for_tty(const char *tty) {
4014 return tty_is_vc_resolve(tty) ? "TERM=linux" : "TERM=vt220";
4017 bool dirent_is_file(const struct dirent *de) {
4020 if (hidden_file(de->d_name))
4023 if (de->d_type != DT_REG &&
4024 de->d_type != DT_LNK &&
4025 de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
4031 bool dirent_is_file_with_suffix(const struct dirent *de, const char *suffix) {
4034 if (de->d_type != DT_REG &&
4035 de->d_type != DT_LNK &&
4036 de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
4039 if (hidden_file_allow_backup(de->d_name))
4042 return endswith(de->d_name, suffix);
4045 static int do_execute(char **directories, usec_t timeout, char *argv[]) {
4046 _cleanup_hashmap_free_free_ Hashmap *pids = NULL;
4047 _cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *seen = NULL;
4050 /* We fork this all off from a child process so that we can
4051 * somewhat cleanly make use of SIGALRM to set a time limit */
4053 reset_all_signal_handlers();
4054 reset_signal_mask();
4056 assert_se(prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) == 0);
4058 pids = hashmap_new(NULL);
4062 seen = set_new(&string_hash_ops);
4066 STRV_FOREACH(directory, directories) {
4067 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d;
4070 d = opendir(*directory);
4072 if (errno == ENOENT)
4075 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open directory %s: %m", *directory);
4078 FOREACH_DIRENT(de, d, break) {
4079 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
4083 if (!dirent_is_file(de))
4086 if (set_contains(seen, de->d_name)) {
4087 log_debug("%1$s/%2$s skipped (%2$s was already seen).", *directory, de->d_name);
4091 r = set_put_strdup(seen, de->d_name);
4095 path = strjoin(*directory, "/", de->d_name, NULL);
4099 if (null_or_empty_path(path)) {
4100 log_debug("%s is empty (a mask).", path);
4103 log_debug("%s will be executed.", path);
4107 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork: %m");
4109 } else if (pid == 0) {
4112 assert_se(prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) == 0);
4122 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to execute %s: %m", path);
4125 log_debug("Spawned %s as " PID_FMT ".", path, pid);
4127 r = hashmap_put(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(pid), path);
4134 /* Abort execution of this process after the timout. We simply
4135 * rely on SIGALRM as default action terminating the process,
4136 * and turn on alarm(). */
4138 if (timeout != USEC_INFINITY)
4139 alarm((timeout + USEC_PER_SEC - 1) / USEC_PER_SEC);
4141 while (!hashmap_isempty(pids)) {
4142 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
4145 pid = PTR_TO_UINT(hashmap_first_key(pids));
4148 path = hashmap_remove(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(pid));
4151 wait_for_terminate_and_warn(path, pid, true);
4157 void execute_directories(const char* const* directories, usec_t timeout, char *argv[]) {
4161 char **dirs = (char**) directories;
4163 assert(!strv_isempty(dirs));
4165 name = basename(dirs[0]);
4166 assert(!isempty(name));
4168 /* Executes all binaries in the directories in parallel and waits
4169 * for them to finish. Optionally a timeout is applied. If a file
4170 * with the same name exists in more than one directory, the
4171 * earliest one wins. */
4173 executor_pid = fork();
4174 if (executor_pid < 0) {
4175 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork: %m");
4178 } else if (executor_pid == 0) {
4179 r = do_execute(dirs, timeout, argv);
4180 _exit(r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS);
4183 wait_for_terminate_and_warn(name, executor_pid, true);
4186 int kill_and_sigcont(pid_t pid, int sig) {
4189 r = kill(pid, sig) < 0 ? -errno : 0;
4197 bool nulstr_contains(const char*nulstr, const char *needle) {
4203 NULSTR_FOREACH(i, nulstr)
4204 if (streq(i, needle))
4210 bool plymouth_running(void) {
4211 return access("/run/plymouth/pid", F_OK) >= 0;
4214 char* strshorten(char *s, size_t l) {
4223 static bool hostname_valid_char(char c) {
4225 (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') ||
4226 (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
4227 (c >= '0' && c <= '9') ||
4233 bool hostname_is_valid(const char *s) {
4240 for (p = s, dot = true; *p; p++) {
4247 if (!hostname_valid_char(*p))
4257 if (p-s > HOST_NAME_MAX)
4263 char* hostname_cleanup(char *s, bool lowercase) {
4267 for (p = s, d = s, dot = true; *p; p++) {
4274 } else if (hostname_valid_char(*p)) {
4275 *(d++) = lowercase ? tolower(*p) : *p;
4286 strshorten(s, HOST_NAME_MAX);
4291 bool machine_name_is_valid(const char *s) {
4293 if (!hostname_is_valid(s))
4296 /* Machine names should be useful hostnames, but also be
4297 * useful in unit names, hence we enforce a stricter length
4306 bool image_name_is_valid(const char *s) {
4307 if (!filename_is_valid(s))
4310 if (string_has_cc(s, NULL))
4313 if (!utf8_is_valid(s))
4316 /* Temporary files for atomically creating new files */
4317 if (startswith(s, ".#"))
4323 int pipe_eof(int fd) {
4324 struct pollfd pollfd = {
4326 .events = POLLIN|POLLHUP,
4331 r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0);
4338 return pollfd.revents & POLLHUP;
4341 int fd_wait_for_event(int fd, int event, usec_t t) {
4343 struct pollfd pollfd = {
4351 r = ppoll(&pollfd, 1, t == USEC_INFINITY ? NULL : timespec_store(&ts, t), NULL);
4358 return pollfd.revents;
4361 int fopen_temporary(const char *path, FILE **_f, char **_temp_path) {
4370 r = tempfn_xxxxxx(path, &t);
4374 fd = mkostemp_safe(t, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
4380 f = fdopen(fd, "we");
4393 int terminal_vhangup_fd(int fd) {
4396 if (ioctl(fd, TIOCVHANGUP) < 0)
4402 int terminal_vhangup(const char *name) {
4403 _cleanup_close_ int fd;
4405 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4409 return terminal_vhangup_fd(fd);
4412 int vt_disallocate(const char *name) {
4416 /* Deallocate the VT if possible. If not possible
4417 * (i.e. because it is the active one), at least clear it
4418 * entirely (including the scrollback buffer) */
4420 if (!startswith(name, "/dev/"))
4423 if (!tty_is_vc(name)) {
4424 /* So this is not a VT. I guess we cannot deallocate
4425 * it then. But let's at least clear the screen */
4427 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4432 "\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */
4433 "\033[H" /* move home */
4434 "\033[2J", /* clear screen */
4441 if (!startswith(name, "/dev/tty"))
4444 r = safe_atou(name+8, &u);
4451 /* Try to deallocate */
4452 fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4456 r = ioctl(fd, VT_DISALLOCATE, u);
4465 /* Couldn't deallocate, so let's clear it fully with
4467 fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
4472 "\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */
4473 "\033[H" /* move home */
4474 "\033[3J", /* clear screen including scrollback, requires Linux 2.6.40 */
4481 int symlink_atomic(const char *from, const char *to) {
4482 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
4488 r = tempfn_random(to, &t);
4492 if (symlink(from, t) < 0)
4495 if (rename(t, to) < 0) {
4503 int mknod_atomic(const char *path, mode_t mode, dev_t dev) {
4504 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
4509 r = tempfn_random(path, &t);
4513 if (mknod(t, mode, dev) < 0)
4516 if (rename(t, path) < 0) {
4524 int mkfifo_atomic(const char *path, mode_t mode) {
4525 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
4530 r = tempfn_random(path, &t);
4534 if (mkfifo(t, mode) < 0)
4537 if (rename(t, path) < 0) {
4545 bool display_is_local(const char *display) {
4549 display[0] == ':' &&
4550 display[1] >= '0' &&
4554 int socket_from_display(const char *display, char **path) {
4561 if (!display_is_local(display))
4564 k = strspn(display+1, "0123456789");
4566 f = new(char, strlen("/tmp/.X11-unix/X") + k + 1);
4570 c = stpcpy(f, "/tmp/.X11-unix/X");
4571 memcpy(c, display+1, k);
4580 const char **username,
4581 uid_t *uid, gid_t *gid,
4583 const char **shell) {
4591 /* We enforce some special rules for uid=0: in order to avoid
4592 * NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */
4594 if (streq(*username, "root") || streq(*username, "0")) {
4612 if (parse_uid(*username, &u) >= 0) {
4616 /* If there are multiple users with the same id, make
4617 * sure to leave $USER to the configured value instead
4618 * of the first occurrence in the database. However if
4619 * the uid was configured by a numeric uid, then let's
4620 * pick the real username from /etc/passwd. */
4622 *username = p->pw_name;
4625 p = getpwnam(*username);
4629 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
4641 *shell = p->pw_shell;
4646 char* uid_to_name(uid_t uid) {
4651 return strdup("root");
4655 return strdup(p->pw_name);
4657 if (asprintf(&r, UID_FMT, uid) < 0)
4663 char* gid_to_name(gid_t gid) {
4668 return strdup("root");
4672 return strdup(p->gr_name);
4674 if (asprintf(&r, GID_FMT, gid) < 0)
4680 int get_group_creds(const char **groupname, gid_t *gid) {
4686 /* We enforce some special rules for gid=0: in order to avoid
4687 * NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */
4689 if (streq(*groupname, "root") || streq(*groupname, "0")) {
4690 *groupname = "root";
4698 if (parse_gid(*groupname, &id) >= 0) {
4703 *groupname = g->gr_name;
4706 g = getgrnam(*groupname);
4710 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
4718 int in_gid(gid_t gid) {
4720 int ngroups_max, r, i;
4722 if (getgid() == gid)
4725 if (getegid() == gid)
4728 ngroups_max = sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX);
4729 assert(ngroups_max > 0);
4731 gids = alloca(sizeof(gid_t) * ngroups_max);
4733 r = getgroups(ngroups_max, gids);
4737 for (i = 0; i < r; i++)
4744 int in_group(const char *name) {
4748 r = get_group_creds(&name, &gid);
4755 int glob_exists(const char *path) {
4756 _cleanup_globfree_ glob_t g = {};
4762 k = glob(path, GLOB_NOSORT|GLOB_BRACE, NULL, &g);
4764 if (k == GLOB_NOMATCH)
4766 else if (k == GLOB_NOSPACE)
4769 return !strv_isempty(g.gl_pathv);
4771 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4774 int glob_extend(char ***strv, const char *path) {
4775 _cleanup_globfree_ glob_t g = {};
4780 k = glob(path, GLOB_NOSORT|GLOB_BRACE, NULL, &g);
4782 if (k == GLOB_NOMATCH)
4784 else if (k == GLOB_NOSPACE)
4786 else if (k != 0 || strv_isempty(g.gl_pathv))
4787 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
4789 STRV_FOREACH(p, g.gl_pathv) {
4790 k = strv_extend(strv, *p);
4798 int dirent_ensure_type(DIR *d, struct dirent *de) {
4804 if (de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN)
4807 if (fstatat(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0)
4811 S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ? DT_REG :
4812 S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) ? DT_DIR :
4813 S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) ? DT_LNK :
4814 S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) ? DT_FIFO :
4815 S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode) ? DT_SOCK :
4816 S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? DT_CHR :
4817 S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) ? DT_BLK :
4823 int get_files_in_directory(const char *path, char ***list) {
4824 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
4825 size_t bufsize = 0, n = 0;
4826 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;
4830 /* Returns all files in a directory in *list, and the number
4831 * of files as return value. If list is NULL returns only the
4843 if (!de && errno != 0)
4848 dirent_ensure_type(d, de);
4850 if (!dirent_is_file(de))
4854 /* one extra slot is needed for the terminating NULL */
4855 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(l, bufsize, n + 2))
4858 l[n] = strdup(de->d_name);
4869 l = NULL; /* avoid freeing */
4875 char *strjoin(const char *x, ...) {
4889 t = va_arg(ap, const char *);
4894 if (n > ((size_t) -1) - l) {
4918 t = va_arg(ap, const char *);
4932 bool is_main_thread(void) {
4933 static thread_local int cached = 0;
4935 if (_unlikely_(cached == 0))
4936 cached = getpid() == gettid() ? 1 : -1;
4941 int block_get_whole_disk(dev_t d, dev_t *ret) {
4948 /* If it has a queue this is good enough for us */
4949 if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue", major(d), minor(d)) < 0)
4952 r = access(p, F_OK);
4960 /* If it is a partition find the originating device */
4961 if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/partition", major(d), minor(d)) < 0)
4964 r = access(p, F_OK);
4970 /* Get parent dev_t */
4971 if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/../dev", major(d), minor(d)) < 0)
4974 r = read_one_line_file(p, &s);
4980 r = sscanf(s, "%u:%u", &m, &n);
4986 /* Only return this if it is really good enough for us. */
4987 if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue", m, n) < 0)
4990 r = access(p, F_OK);
4994 *ret = makedev(m, n);
5001 static const char *const ioprio_class_table[] = {
5002 [IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE] = "none",
5003 [IOPRIO_CLASS_RT] = "realtime",
5004 [IOPRIO_CLASS_BE] = "best-effort",
5005 [IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE] = "idle"
5008 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(ioprio_class, int, INT_MAX);
5010 static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = {
5011 [CLD_EXITED] = "exited",
5012 [CLD_KILLED] = "killed",
5013 [CLD_DUMPED] = "dumped",
5014 [CLD_TRAPPED] = "trapped",
5015 [CLD_STOPPED] = "stopped",
5016 [CLD_CONTINUED] = "continued",
5019 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sigchld_code, int);
5021 static const char *const log_facility_unshifted_table[LOG_NFACILITIES] = {
5022 [LOG_FAC(LOG_KERN)] = "kern",
5023 [LOG_FAC(LOG_USER)] = "user",
5024 [LOG_FAC(LOG_MAIL)] = "mail",
5025 [LOG_FAC(LOG_DAEMON)] = "daemon",
5026 [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTH)] = "auth",
5027 [LOG_FAC(LOG_SYSLOG)] = "syslog",
5028 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LPR)] = "lpr",
5029 [LOG_FAC(LOG_NEWS)] = "news",
5030 [LOG_FAC(LOG_UUCP)] = "uucp",
5031 [LOG_FAC(LOG_CRON)] = "cron",
5032 [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTHPRIV)] = "authpriv",
5033 [LOG_FAC(LOG_FTP)] = "ftp",
5034 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL0)] = "local0",
5035 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL1)] = "local1",
5036 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL2)] = "local2",
5037 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL3)] = "local3",
5038 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL4)] = "local4",
5039 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL5)] = "local5",
5040 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL6)] = "local6",
5041 [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL7)] = "local7"
5044 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(log_facility_unshifted, int, LOG_FAC(~0));
5046 static const char *const log_level_table[] = {
5047 [LOG_EMERG] = "emerg",
5048 [LOG_ALERT] = "alert",
5049 [LOG_CRIT] = "crit",
5051 [LOG_WARNING] = "warning",
5052 [LOG_NOTICE] = "notice",
5053 [LOG_INFO] = "info",
5054 [LOG_DEBUG] = "debug"
5057 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(log_level, int, LOG_DEBUG);
5059 static const char* const sched_policy_table[] = {
5060 [SCHED_OTHER] = "other",
5061 [SCHED_BATCH] = "batch",
5062 [SCHED_IDLE] = "idle",
5063 [SCHED_FIFO] = "fifo",
5067 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(sched_policy, int, INT_MAX);
5069 static const char* const rlimit_table[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {
5070 [RLIMIT_CPU] = "LimitCPU",
5071 [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = "LimitFSIZE",
5072 [RLIMIT_DATA] = "LimitDATA",
5073 [RLIMIT_STACK] = "LimitSTACK",
5074 [RLIMIT_CORE] = "LimitCORE",
5075 [RLIMIT_RSS] = "LimitRSS",
5076 [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = "LimitNOFILE",
5077 [RLIMIT_AS] = "LimitAS",
5078 [RLIMIT_NPROC] = "LimitNPROC",
5079 [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = "LimitMEMLOCK",
5080 [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = "LimitLOCKS",
5081 [RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] = "LimitSIGPENDING",
5082 [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = "LimitMSGQUEUE",
5083 [RLIMIT_NICE] = "LimitNICE",
5084 [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = "LimitRTPRIO",
5085 [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = "LimitRTTIME"
5088 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(rlimit, int);
5090 static const char* const ip_tos_table[] = {
5091 [IPTOS_LOWDELAY] = "low-delay",
5092 [IPTOS_THROUGHPUT] = "throughput",
5093 [IPTOS_RELIABILITY] = "reliability",
5094 [IPTOS_LOWCOST] = "low-cost",
5097 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(ip_tos, int, 0xff);
5099 static const char *const __signal_table[] = {
5116 [SIGSTKFLT] = "STKFLT", /* Linux on SPARC doesn't know SIGSTKFLT */
5127 [SIGVTALRM] = "VTALRM",
5129 [SIGWINCH] = "WINCH",
5135 DEFINE_PRIVATE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(__signal, int);
5137 const char *signal_to_string(int signo) {
5138 static thread_local char buf[sizeof("RTMIN+")-1 + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(int) + 1];
5141 name = __signal_to_string(signo);
5145 if (signo >= SIGRTMIN && signo <= SIGRTMAX)
5146 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "RTMIN+%d", signo - SIGRTMIN);
5148 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", signo);
5153 int signal_from_string(const char *s) {
5158 signo = __signal_from_string(s);
5162 if (startswith(s, "RTMIN+")) {
5166 if (safe_atou(s, &u) >= 0) {
5167 signo = (int) u + offset;
5168 if (signo > 0 && signo < _NSIG)
5174 bool kexec_loaded(void) {
5175 bool loaded = false;
5178 if (read_one_line_file("/sys/kernel/kexec_loaded", &s) >= 0) {
5186 int prot_from_flags(int flags) {
5188 switch (flags & O_ACCMODE) {
5197 return PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE;
5204 char *format_bytes(char *buf, size_t l, off_t t) {
5207 static const struct {
5211 { "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
5212 { "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
5213 { "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
5214 { "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL },
5215 { "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL },
5219 if (t == (off_t) -1)
5222 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) {
5224 if (t >= table[i].factor) {
5227 (unsigned long long) (t / table[i].factor),
5228 (unsigned long long) (((t*10ULL) / table[i].factor) % 10ULL),
5235 snprintf(buf, l, "%lluB", (unsigned long long) t);
5243 void* memdup(const void *p, size_t l) {
5256 int fd_inc_sndbuf(int fd, size_t n) {
5258 socklen_t l = sizeof(value);
5260 r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &value, &l);
5261 if (r >= 0 && l == sizeof(value) && (size_t) value >= n*2)
5264 /* If we have the privileges we will ignore the kernel limit. */
5267 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUFFORCE, &value, sizeof(value)) < 0)
5268 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &value, sizeof(value)) < 0)
5274 int fd_inc_rcvbuf(int fd, size_t n) {
5276 socklen_t l = sizeof(value);
5278 r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &value, &l);
5279 if (r >= 0 && l == sizeof(value) && (size_t) value >= n*2)
5282 /* If we have the privileges we will ignore the kernel limit. */
5285 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUFFORCE, &value, sizeof(value)) < 0)
5286 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &value, sizeof(value)) < 0)
5291 int fork_agent(pid_t *pid, const int except[], unsigned n_except, const char *path, ...) {
5292 bool stdout_is_tty, stderr_is_tty;
5293 pid_t parent_pid, agent_pid;
5294 sigset_t ss, saved_ss;
5302 /* Spawns a temporary TTY agent, making sure it goes away when
5305 parent_pid = getpid();
5307 /* First we temporarily block all signals, so that the new
5308 * child has them blocked initially. This way, we can be sure
5309 * that SIGTERMs are not lost we might send to the agent. */
5310 assert_se(sigfillset(&ss) >= 0);
5311 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &ss, &saved_ss) >= 0);
5314 if (agent_pid < 0) {
5315 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &saved_ss, NULL) >= 0);
5319 if (agent_pid != 0) {
5320 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &saved_ss, NULL) >= 0);
5327 * Make sure the agent goes away when the parent dies */
5328 if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0)
5329 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5331 /* Make sure we actually can kill the agent, if we need to, in
5332 * case somebody invoked us from a shell script that trapped
5333 * SIGTERM or so... */
5334 reset_all_signal_handlers();
5335 reset_signal_mask();
5337 /* Check whether our parent died before we were able
5338 * to set the death signal and unblock the signals */
5339 if (getppid() != parent_pid)
5340 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
5342 /* Don't leak fds to the agent */
5343 close_all_fds(except, n_except);
5345 stdout_is_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO);
5346 stderr_is_tty = isatty(STDERR_FILENO);
5348 if (!stdout_is_tty || !stderr_is_tty) {
5351 /* Detach from stdout/stderr. and reopen
5352 * /dev/tty for them. This is important to
5353 * ensure that when systemctl is started via
5354 * popen() or a similar call that expects to
5355 * read EOF we actually do generate EOF and
5356 * not delay this indefinitely by because we
5357 * keep an unused copy of stdin around. */
5358 fd = open("/dev/tty", O_WRONLY);
5360 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open /dev/tty: %m");
5361 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5365 dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
5368 dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
5374 /* Count arguments */
5376 for (n = 0; va_arg(ap, char*); n++)
5381 l = alloca(sizeof(char *) * (n + 1));
5383 /* Fill in arguments */
5385 for (i = 0; i <= n; i++)
5386 l[i] = va_arg(ap, char*);
5390 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
5393 int setrlimit_closest(int resource, const struct rlimit *rlim) {
5394 struct rlimit highest, fixed;
5398 if (setrlimit(resource, rlim) >= 0)
5404 /* So we failed to set the desired setrlimit, then let's try
5405 * to get as close as we can */
5406 assert_se(getrlimit(resource, &highest) == 0);
5408 fixed.rlim_cur = MIN(rlim->rlim_cur, highest.rlim_max);
5409 fixed.rlim_max = MIN(rlim->rlim_max, highest.rlim_max);
5411 if (setrlimit(resource, &fixed) < 0)
5417 int getenv_for_pid(pid_t pid, const char *field, char **_value) {
5418 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
5429 path = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "environ");
5431 f = fopen(path, "re");
5439 char line[LINE_MAX];
5442 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(line)-1; i++) {
5446 if (_unlikely_(c == EOF)) {
5456 if (memcmp(line, field, l) == 0 && line[l] == '=') {
5457 value = strdup(line + l + 1);
5471 bool is_valid_documentation_url(const char *url) {
5474 if (startswith(url, "http://") && url[7])
5477 if (startswith(url, "https://") && url[8])
5480 if (startswith(url, "file:") && url[5])
5483 if (startswith(url, "info:") && url[5])
5486 if (startswith(url, "man:") && url[4])
5492 bool in_initrd(void) {
5493 static int saved = -1;
5499 /* We make two checks here:
5501 * 1. the flag file /etc/initrd-release must exist
5502 * 2. the root file system must be a memory file system
5504 * The second check is extra paranoia, since misdetecting an
5505 * initrd can have bad bad consequences due the initrd
5506 * emptying when transititioning to the main systemd.
5509 saved = access("/etc/initrd-release", F_OK) >= 0 &&
5510 statfs("/", &s) >= 0 &&
5511 is_temporary_fs(&s);
5516 void warn_melody(void) {
5517 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
5519 fd = open("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
5523 /* Yeah, this is synchronous. Kinda sucks. But well... */
5525 ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/440));
5526 usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC);
5528 ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/220));
5529 usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC);
5531 ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/220));
5532 usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC);
5534 ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, 0);
5537 int make_console_stdio(void) {
5540 /* Make /dev/console the controlling terminal and stdin/stdout/stderr */
5542 fd = acquire_terminal("/dev/console", false, true, true, USEC_INFINITY);
5544 return log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to acquire terminal: %m");
5548 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to duplicate terminal fd: %m");
5553 int get_home_dir(char **_h) {
5561 /* Take the user specified one */
5562 e = secure_getenv("HOME");
5563 if (e && path_is_absolute(e)) {
5572 /* Hardcode home directory for root to avoid NSS */
5575 h = strdup("/root");
5583 /* Check the database... */
5587 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
5589 if (!path_is_absolute(p->pw_dir))
5592 h = strdup(p->pw_dir);
5600 int get_shell(char **_s) {
5608 /* Take the user specified one */
5609 e = getenv("SHELL");
5619 /* Hardcode home directory for root to avoid NSS */
5622 s = strdup("/bin/sh");
5630 /* Check the database... */
5634 return errno > 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH;
5636 if (!path_is_absolute(p->pw_shell))
5639 s = strdup(p->pw_shell);
5647 bool filename_is_valid(const char *p) {
5661 if (strlen(p) > FILENAME_MAX)
5667 bool string_is_safe(const char *p) {
5673 for (t = p; *t; t++) {
5674 if (*t > 0 && *t < ' ')
5677 if (strchr("\\\"\'\0x7f", *t))
5685 * Check if a string contains control characters. If 'ok' is non-NULL
5686 * it may be a string containing additional CCs to be considered OK.
5688 bool string_has_cc(const char *p, const char *ok) {
5693 for (t = p; *t; t++) {
5694 if (ok && strchr(ok, *t))
5697 if (*t > 0 && *t < ' ')
5707 bool path_is_safe(const char *p) {
5712 if (streq(p, "..") || startswith(p, "../") || endswith(p, "/..") || strstr(p, "/../"))
5715 if (strlen(p) > PATH_MAX)
5718 /* The following two checks are not really dangerous, but hey, they still are confusing */
5719 if (streq(p, ".") || startswith(p, "./") || endswith(p, "/.") || strstr(p, "/./"))
5722 if (strstr(p, "//"))
5728 /* hey glibc, APIs with callbacks without a user pointer are so useless */
5729 void *xbsearch_r(const void *key, const void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
5730 int (*compar) (const void *, const void *, void *), void *arg) {
5739 p = (void *)(((const char *) base) + (idx * size));
5740 comparison = compar(key, p, arg);
5743 else if (comparison > 0)
5751 bool is_locale_utf8(void) {
5753 static int cached_answer = -1;
5755 if (cached_answer >= 0)
5758 if (!setlocale(LC_ALL, "")) {
5759 cached_answer = true;
5763 set = nl_langinfo(CODESET);
5765 cached_answer = true;
5769 if (streq(set, "UTF-8")) {
5770 cached_answer = true;
5774 /* For LC_CTYPE=="C" return true, because CTYPE is effectly
5775 * unset and everything can do to UTF-8 nowadays. */
5776 set = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
5778 cached_answer = true;
5782 /* Check result, but ignore the result if C was set
5786 !getenv("LC_ALL") &&
5787 !getenv("LC_CTYPE") &&
5791 return (bool) cached_answer;
5794 const char *draw_special_char(DrawSpecialChar ch) {
5795 static const char *draw_table[2][_DRAW_SPECIAL_CHAR_MAX] = {
5798 [DRAW_TREE_VERTICAL] = "\342\224\202 ", /* │ */
5799 [DRAW_TREE_BRANCH] = "\342\224\234\342\224\200", /* ├─ */
5800 [DRAW_TREE_RIGHT] = "\342\224\224\342\224\200", /* └─ */
5801 [DRAW_TREE_SPACE] = " ", /* */
5802 [DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET] = "\342\200\243", /* ‣ */
5803 [DRAW_BLACK_CIRCLE] = "\342\227\217", /* ● */
5804 [DRAW_ARROW] = "\342\206\222", /* → */
5805 [DRAW_DASH] = "\342\200\223", /* – */
5808 /* ASCII fallback */ {
5809 [DRAW_TREE_VERTICAL] = "| ",
5810 [DRAW_TREE_BRANCH] = "|-",
5811 [DRAW_TREE_RIGHT] = "`-",
5812 [DRAW_TREE_SPACE] = " ",
5813 [DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET] = ">",
5814 [DRAW_BLACK_CIRCLE] = "*",
5815 [DRAW_ARROW] = "->",
5820 return draw_table[!is_locale_utf8()][ch];
5823 char *strreplace(const char *text, const char *old_string, const char *new_string) {
5826 size_t l, old_len, new_len;
5832 old_len = strlen(old_string);
5833 new_len = strlen(new_string);
5846 if (!startswith(f, old_string)) {
5852 nl = l - old_len + new_len;
5853 a = realloc(r, nl + 1);
5861 t = stpcpy(t, new_string);
5873 char *strip_tab_ansi(char **ibuf, size_t *_isz) {
5874 const char *i, *begin = NULL;
5879 } state = STATE_OTHER;
5881 size_t osz = 0, isz;
5887 /* Strips ANSI color and replaces TABs by 8 spaces */
5889 isz = _isz ? *_isz : strlen(*ibuf);
5891 f = open_memstream(&obuf, &osz);
5895 for (i = *ibuf; i < *ibuf + isz + 1; i++) {
5900 if (i >= *ibuf + isz) /* EOT */
5902 else if (*i == '\x1B')
5903 state = STATE_ESCAPE;
5904 else if (*i == '\t')
5911 if (i >= *ibuf + isz) { /* EOT */
5914 } else if (*i == '[') {
5915 state = STATE_BRACKET;
5920 state = STATE_OTHER;
5927 if (i >= *ibuf + isz || /* EOT */
5928 (!(*i >= '0' && *i <= '9') && *i != ';' && *i != 'm')) {
5931 state = STATE_OTHER;
5933 } else if (*i == 'm')
5934 state = STATE_OTHER;
5956 int on_ac_power(void) {
5957 bool found_offline = false, found_online = false;
5958 _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
5960 d = opendir("/sys/class/power_supply");
5966 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1, device = -1;
5972 if (!de && errno != 0)
5978 if (hidden_file(de->d_name))
5981 device = openat(dirfd(d), de->d_name, O_DIRECTORY|O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
5983 if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR)
5989 fd = openat(device, "type", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
5991 if (errno == ENOENT)
5997 n = read(fd, contents, sizeof(contents));
6001 if (n != 6 || memcmp(contents, "Mains\n", 6))
6005 fd = openat(device, "online", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
6007 if (errno == ENOENT)
6013 n = read(fd, contents, sizeof(contents));
6017 if (n != 2 || contents[1] != '\n')
6020 if (contents[0] == '1') {
6021 found_online = true;
6023 } else if (contents[0] == '0')
6024 found_offline = true;
6029 return found_online || !found_offline;
6032 static int search_and_fopen_internal(const char *path, const char *mode, const char *root, char **search, FILE **_f) {
6039 if (!path_strv_resolve_uniq(search, root))
6042 STRV_FOREACH(i, search) {
6043 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
6047 p = strjoin(root, *i, "/", path, NULL);
6049 p = strjoin(*i, "/", path, NULL);
6059 if (errno != ENOENT)
6066 int search_and_fopen(const char *path, const char *mode, const char *root, const char **search, FILE **_f) {
6067 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **copy = NULL;
6073 if (path_is_absolute(path)) {
6076 f = fopen(path, mode);
6085 copy = strv_copy((char**) search);
6089 return search_and_fopen_internal(path, mode, root, copy, _f);
6092 int search_and_fopen_nulstr(const char *path, const char *mode, const char *root, const char *search, FILE **_f) {
6093 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **s = NULL;
6095 if (path_is_absolute(path)) {
6098 f = fopen(path, mode);
6107 s = strv_split_nulstr(search);
6111 return search_and_fopen_internal(path, mode, root, s, _f);
6114 char *strextend(char **x, ...) {
6121 l = f = *x ? strlen(*x) : 0;
6128 t = va_arg(ap, const char *);
6133 if (n > ((size_t) -1) - l) {
6142 r = realloc(*x, l+1);
6152 t = va_arg(ap, const char *);
6166 char *strrep(const char *s, unsigned n) {
6174 p = r = malloc(l * n + 1);
6178 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
6185 void* greedy_realloc(void **p, size_t *allocated, size_t need, size_t size) {
6192 if (*allocated >= need)
6195 newalloc = MAX(need * 2, 64u / size);
6196 a = newalloc * size;
6198 /* check for overflows */
6199 if (a < size * need)
6207 *allocated = newalloc;
6211 void* greedy_realloc0(void **p, size_t *allocated, size_t need, size_t size) {
6220 q = greedy_realloc(p, allocated, need, size);
6224 if (*allocated > prev)
6225 memzero(q + prev * size, (*allocated - prev) * size);
6230 bool id128_is_valid(const char *s) {
6236 /* Simple formatted 128bit hex string */
6238 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
6241 if (!(c >= '0' && c <= '9') &&
6242 !(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') &&
6243 !(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'))
6247 } else if (l == 36) {
6249 /* Formatted UUID */
6251 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
6254 if ((i == 8 || i == 13 || i == 18 || i == 23)) {
6258 if (!(c >= '0' && c <= '9') &&
6259 !(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') &&
6260 !(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'))
6271 int split_pair(const char *s, const char *sep, char **l, char **r) {
6286 a = strndup(s, x - s);
6290 b = strdup(x + strlen(sep));
6302 int shall_restore_state(void) {
6303 _cleanup_free_ char *value = NULL;
6306 r = get_proc_cmdline_key("systemd.restore_state=", &value);
6312 return parse_boolean(value) != 0;
6315 int proc_cmdline(char **ret) {
6318 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0)
6319 return get_process_cmdline(1, 0, false, ret);
6321 return read_one_line_file("/proc/cmdline", ret);
6324 int parse_proc_cmdline(int (*parse_item)(const char *key, const char *value)) {
6325 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
6331 r = proc_cmdline(&line);
6337 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
6340 r = unquote_first_word(&p, &word, true);
6346 /* Filter out arguments that are intended only for the
6348 if (!in_initrd() && startswith(word, "rd."))
6351 value = strchr(word, '=');
6355 r = parse_item(word, value);
6363 int get_proc_cmdline_key(const char *key, char **value) {
6364 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL, *ret = NULL;
6371 r = proc_cmdline(&line);
6377 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
6380 r = unquote_first_word(&p, &word, true);
6386 /* Filter out arguments that are intended only for the
6388 if (!in_initrd() && startswith(word, "rd."))
6392 e = startswith(word, key);
6396 r = free_and_strdup(&ret, e);
6402 if (streq(word, key))
6416 int container_get_leader(const char *machine, pid_t *pid) {
6417 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL, *class = NULL;
6425 p = strappenda("/run/systemd/machines/", machine);
6426 r = parse_env_file(p, NEWLINE, "LEADER", &s, "CLASS", &class, NULL);
6434 if (!streq_ptr(class, "container"))
6437 r = parse_pid(s, &leader);
6447 int namespace_open(pid_t pid, int *pidns_fd, int *mntns_fd, int *netns_fd, int *root_fd) {
6448 _cleanup_close_ int pidnsfd = -1, mntnsfd = -1, netnsfd = -1;
6456 mntns = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "ns/mnt");
6457 mntnsfd = open(mntns, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
6465 pidns = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "ns/pid");
6466 pidnsfd = open(pidns, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
6474 netns = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "ns/net");
6475 netnsfd = open(netns, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
6483 root = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "root");
6484 rfd = open(root, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC|O_DIRECTORY);
6490 *pidns_fd = pidnsfd;
6493 *mntns_fd = mntnsfd;
6496 *netns_fd = netnsfd;
6501 pidnsfd = mntnsfd = netnsfd = -1;
6506 int namespace_enter(int pidns_fd, int mntns_fd, int netns_fd, int root_fd) {
6509 if (setns(pidns_fd, CLONE_NEWPID) < 0)
6513 if (setns(mntns_fd, CLONE_NEWNS) < 0)
6517 if (setns(netns_fd, CLONE_NEWNET) < 0)
6521 if (fchdir(root_fd) < 0)
6524 if (chroot(".") < 0)
6528 if (setresgid(0, 0, 0) < 0)
6531 if (setgroups(0, NULL) < 0)
6534 if (setresuid(0, 0, 0) < 0)
6540 bool pid_is_unwaited(pid_t pid) {
6541 /* Checks whether a PID is still valid at all, including a zombie */
6546 if (kill(pid, 0) >= 0)
6549 return errno != ESRCH;
6552 bool pid_is_alive(pid_t pid) {
6555 /* Checks whether a PID is still valid and not a zombie */
6560 r = get_process_state(pid);
6561 if (r == -ENOENT || r == 'Z')
6567 int getpeercred(int fd, struct ucred *ucred) {
6568 socklen_t n = sizeof(struct ucred);
6575 r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERCRED, &u, &n);
6579 if (n != sizeof(struct ucred))
6582 /* Check if the data is actually useful and not suppressed due
6583 * to namespacing issues */
6586 if (u.uid == UID_INVALID)
6588 if (u.gid == GID_INVALID)
6595 int getpeersec(int fd, char **ret) {
6607 r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERSEC, s, &n);
6611 if (errno != ERANGE)
6618 r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERSEC, s, &n);
6634 /* This is much like like mkostemp() but is subject to umask(). */
6635 int mkostemp_safe(char *pattern, int flags) {
6636 _cleanup_umask_ mode_t u;
6643 fd = mkostemp(pattern, flags);
6650 int open_tmpfile(const char *path, int flags) {
6657 /* Try O_TMPFILE first, if it is supported */
6658 fd = open(path, flags|O_TMPFILE, S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
6663 /* Fall back to unguessable name + unlinking */
6664 p = strappenda(path, "/systemd-tmp-XXXXXX");
6666 fd = mkostemp_safe(p, flags);
6674 int fd_warn_permissions(const char *path, int fd) {
6677 if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
6680 if (st.st_mode & 0111)
6681 log_warning("Configuration file %s is marked executable. Please remove executable permission bits. Proceeding anyway.", path);
6683 if (st.st_mode & 0002)
6684 log_warning("Configuration file %s is marked world-writable. Please remove world writability permission bits. Proceeding anyway.", path);
6686 if (getpid() == 1 && (st.st_mode & 0044) != 0044)
6687 log_warning("Configuration file %s is marked world-inaccessible. This has no effect as configuration data is accessible via APIs without restrictions. Proceeding anyway.", path);
6692 unsigned long personality_from_string(const char *p) {
6694 /* Parse a personality specifier. We introduce our own
6695 * identifiers that indicate specific ABIs, rather than just
6696 * hints regarding the register size, since we want to keep
6697 * things open for multiple locally supported ABIs for the
6698 * same register size. We try to reuse the ABI identifiers
6699 * used by libseccomp. */
6701 #if defined(__x86_64__)
6703 if (streq(p, "x86"))
6706 if (streq(p, "x86-64"))
6709 #elif defined(__i386__)
6711 if (streq(p, "x86"))
6715 /* personality(7) documents that 0xffffffffUL is used for
6716 * querying the current personality, hence let's use that here
6717 * as error indicator. */
6718 return 0xffffffffUL;
6721 const char* personality_to_string(unsigned long p) {
6723 #if defined(__x86_64__)
6725 if (p == PER_LINUX32)
6731 #elif defined(__i386__)
6740 uint64_t physical_memory(void) {
6743 /* We return this as uint64_t in case we are running as 32bit
6744 * process on a 64bit kernel with huge amounts of memory */
6746 mem = sysconf(_SC_PHYS_PAGES);
6749 return (uint64_t) mem * (uint64_t) page_size();
6752 void hexdump(FILE *f, const void *p, size_t s) {
6753 const uint8_t *b = p;
6756 assert(s == 0 || b);
6761 fprintf(f, "%04x ", n);
6763 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
6768 fprintf(f, "%02x ", b[i]);
6776 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
6781 fputc(isprint(b[i]) ? (char) b[i] : '.', f);
6795 int update_reboot_param_file(const char *param) {
6800 r = write_string_file(REBOOT_PARAM_FILE, param);
6802 log_error("Failed to write reboot param to "
6803 REBOOT_PARAM_FILE": %s", strerror(-r));
6805 unlink(REBOOT_PARAM_FILE);
6810 int umount_recursive(const char *prefix, int flags) {
6814 /* Try to umount everything recursively below a
6815 * directory. Also, take care of stacked mounts, and keep
6816 * unmounting them until they are gone. */
6819 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *proc_self_mountinfo = NULL;
6824 proc_self_mountinfo = fopen("/proc/self/mountinfo", "re");
6825 if (!proc_self_mountinfo)
6829 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL, *p = NULL;
6832 k = fscanf(proc_self_mountinfo,
6833 "%*s " /* (1) mount id */
6834 "%*s " /* (2) parent id */
6835 "%*s " /* (3) major:minor */
6836 "%*s " /* (4) root */
6837 "%ms " /* (5) mount point */
6838 "%*s" /* (6) mount options */
6839 "%*[^-]" /* (7) optional fields */
6840 "- " /* (8) separator */
6841 "%*s " /* (9) file system type */
6842 "%*s" /* (10) mount source */
6843 "%*s" /* (11) mount options 2 */
6844 "%*[^\n]", /* some rubbish at the end */
6853 p = cunescape(path);
6857 if (!path_startswith(p, prefix))
6860 if (umount2(p, flags) < 0) {
6876 static int get_mount_flags(const char *path, unsigned long *flags) {
6879 if (statvfs(path, &buf) < 0)
6881 *flags = buf.f_flag;
6885 int bind_remount_recursive(const char *prefix, bool ro) {
6886 _cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *done = NULL;
6887 _cleanup_free_ char *cleaned = NULL;
6890 /* Recursively remount a directory (and all its submounts)
6891 * read-only or read-write. If the directory is already
6892 * mounted, we reuse the mount and simply mark it
6893 * MS_BIND|MS_RDONLY (or remove the MS_RDONLY for read-write
6894 * operation). If it isn't we first make it one. Afterwards we
6895 * apply MS_BIND|MS_RDONLY (or remove MS_RDONLY) to all
6896 * submounts we can access, too. When mounts are stacked on
6897 * the same mount point we only care for each individual
6898 * "top-level" mount on each point, as we cannot
6899 * influence/access the underlying mounts anyway. We do not
6900 * have any effect on future submounts that might get
6901 * propagated, they migt be writable. This includes future
6902 * submounts that have been triggered via autofs. */
6904 cleaned = strdup(prefix);
6908 path_kill_slashes(cleaned);
6910 done = set_new(&string_hash_ops);
6915 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *proc_self_mountinfo = NULL;
6916 _cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *todo = NULL;
6917 bool top_autofs = false;
6919 unsigned long orig_flags;
6921 todo = set_new(&string_hash_ops);
6925 proc_self_mountinfo = fopen("/proc/self/mountinfo", "re");
6926 if (!proc_self_mountinfo)
6930 _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL, *p = NULL, *type = NULL;
6933 k = fscanf(proc_self_mountinfo,
6934 "%*s " /* (1) mount id */
6935 "%*s " /* (2) parent id */
6936 "%*s " /* (3) major:minor */
6937 "%*s " /* (4) root */
6938 "%ms " /* (5) mount point */
6939 "%*s" /* (6) mount options (superblock) */
6940 "%*[^-]" /* (7) optional fields */
6941 "- " /* (8) separator */
6942 "%ms " /* (9) file system type */
6943 "%*s" /* (10) mount source */
6944 "%*s" /* (11) mount options (bind mount) */
6945 "%*[^\n]", /* some rubbish at the end */
6955 p = cunescape(path);
6959 /* Let's ignore autofs mounts. If they aren't
6960 * triggered yet, we want to avoid triggering
6961 * them, as we don't make any guarantees for
6962 * future submounts anyway. If they are
6963 * already triggered, then we will find
6964 * another entry for this. */
6965 if (streq(type, "autofs")) {
6966 top_autofs = top_autofs || path_equal(cleaned, p);
6970 if (path_startswith(p, cleaned) &&
6971 !set_contains(done, p)) {
6973 r = set_consume(todo, p);
6983 /* If we have no submounts to process anymore and if
6984 * the root is either already done, or an autofs, we
6986 if (set_isempty(todo) &&
6987 (top_autofs || set_contains(done, cleaned)))
6990 if (!set_contains(done, cleaned) &&
6991 !set_contains(todo, cleaned)) {
6992 /* The prefix directory itself is not yet a
6993 * mount, make it one. */
6994 if (mount(cleaned, cleaned, NULL, MS_BIND|MS_REC, NULL) < 0)
6998 (void) get_mount_flags(cleaned, &orig_flags);
6999 orig_flags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
7001 if (mount(NULL, prefix, NULL, orig_flags|MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|(ro ? MS_RDONLY : 0), NULL) < 0)
7004 x = strdup(cleaned);
7008 r = set_consume(done, x);
7013 while ((x = set_steal_first(todo))) {
7015 r = set_consume(done, x);
7021 /* Try to reuse the original flag set, but
7022 * don't care for errors, in case of
7023 * obstructed mounts */
7025 (void) get_mount_flags(x, &orig_flags);
7026 orig_flags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
7028 if (mount(NULL, x, NULL, orig_flags|MS_BIND|MS_REMOUNT|(ro ? MS_RDONLY : 0), NULL) < 0) {
7030 /* Deal with mount points that are
7031 * obstructed by a later mount */
7033 if (errno != ENOENT)
7041 int fflush_and_check(FILE *f) {
7048 return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
7053 int tempfn_xxxxxx(const char *p, char **ret) {
7065 * /foo/bar/.#waldoXXXXXX
7069 if (!filename_is_valid(fn))
7072 t = new(char, strlen(p) + 2 + 6 + 1);
7076 strcpy(stpcpy(stpcpy(mempcpy(t, p, fn - p), ".#"), fn), "XXXXXX");
7078 *ret = path_kill_slashes(t);
7082 int tempfn_random(const char *p, char **ret) {
7096 * /foo/bar/.#waldobaa2a261115984a9
7100 if (!filename_is_valid(fn))
7103 t = new(char, strlen(p) + 2 + 16 + 1);
7107 x = stpcpy(stpcpy(mempcpy(t, p, fn - p), ".#"), fn);
7110 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
7111 *(x++) = hexchar(u & 0xF);
7117 *ret = path_kill_slashes(t);
7121 int tempfn_random_child(const char *p, char **ret) {
7132 * /foo/bar/waldo/.#3c2b6219aa75d7d0
7135 t = new(char, strlen(p) + 3 + 16 + 1);
7139 x = stpcpy(stpcpy(t, p), "/.#");
7142 for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
7143 *(x++) = hexchar(u & 0xF);
7149 *ret = path_kill_slashes(t);
7153 /* make sure the hostname is not "localhost" */
7154 bool is_localhost(const char *hostname) {
7157 /* This tries to identify local host and domain names
7158 * described in RFC6761 plus the redhatism of .localdomain */
7160 return streq(hostname, "localhost") ||
7161 streq(hostname, "localhost.") ||
7162 streq(hostname, "localdomain.") ||
7163 streq(hostname, "localdomain") ||
7164 endswith(hostname, ".localhost") ||
7165 endswith(hostname, ".localhost.") ||
7166 endswith(hostname, ".localdomain") ||
7167 endswith(hostname, ".localdomain.");
7170 int take_password_lock(const char *root) {
7172 struct flock flock = {
7174 .l_whence = SEEK_SET,
7182 /* This is roughly the same as lckpwdf(), but not as awful. We
7183 * don't want to use alarm() and signals, hence we implement
7184 * our own trivial version of this.
7186 * Note that shadow-utils also takes per-database locks in
7187 * addition to lckpwdf(). However, we don't given that they
7188 * are redundant as they they invoke lckpwdf() first and keep
7189 * it during everything they do. The per-database locks are
7190 * awfully racy, and thus we just won't do them. */
7193 path = strappenda(root, "/etc/.pwd.lock");
7195 path = "/etc/.pwd.lock";
7197 fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY|O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
7201 r = fcntl(fd, F_SETLKW, &flock);
7210 int is_symlink(const char *path) {
7213 if (lstat(path, &info) < 0)
7216 return !!S_ISLNK(info.st_mode);
7219 int is_dir(const char* path, bool follow) {
7224 r = stat(path, &st);
7226 r = lstat(path, &st);
7230 return !!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
7233 int unquote_first_word(const char **p, char **ret, bool relax) {
7234 _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
7235 size_t allocated = 0, sz = 0;
7242 SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE,
7244 DOUBLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE,
7252 /* Parses the first word of a string, and returns it in
7253 * *ret. Removes all quotes in the process. When parsing fails
7254 * (because of an uneven number of quotes or similar), leaves
7255 * the pointer *p at the first invalid character. */
7265 else if (strchr(WHITESPACE, c))
7275 state = SINGLE_QUOTE;
7277 state = VALUE_ESCAPE;
7279 state = DOUBLE_QUOTE;
7280 else if (strchr(WHITESPACE, c))
7283 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(s, allocated, sz+2))
7298 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(s, allocated, sz+2))
7311 } else if (c == '\'')
7314 state = SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE;
7316 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(s, allocated, sz+2))
7324 case SINGLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE:
7331 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(s, allocated, sz+2))
7335 state = SINGLE_QUOTE;
7344 state = DOUBLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE;
7346 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(s, allocated, sz+2))
7354 case DOUBLE_QUOTE_ESCAPE:
7361 if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(s, allocated, sz+2))
7365 state = DOUBLE_QUOTE;
7371 if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, c))
7393 int unquote_many_words(const char **p, ...) {
7398 /* Parses a number of words from a string, stripping any
7399 * quotes if necessary. */
7403 /* Count how many words are expected */
7406 if (!va_arg(ap, char **))
7415 /* Read all words into a temporary array */
7416 l = newa0(char*, n);
7417 for (c = 0; c < n; c++) {
7419 r = unquote_first_word(p, &l[c], false);
7423 for (j = 0; j < c; j++)
7433 /* If we managed to parse all words, return them in the passed
7436 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
7439 v = va_arg(ap, char **);
7449 int free_and_strdup(char **p, const char *s) {
7454 /* Replaces a string pointer with an strdup()ed new string,
7455 * possibly freeing the old one. */
7470 int sethostname_idempotent(const char *s) {
7472 char buf[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1] = {};
7476 r = gethostname(buf, sizeof(buf));
7483 r = sethostname(s, strlen(s));
7490 int ptsname_malloc(int fd, char **ret) {
7503 if (ptsname_r(fd, c, l) == 0) {
7507 if (errno != ERANGE) {
7517 int openpt_in_namespace(pid_t pid, int flags) {
7518 _cleanup_close_ int pidnsfd = -1, mntnsfd = -1, rootfd = -1;
7519 _cleanup_close_pair_ int pair[2] = { -1, -1 };
7521 struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
7522 uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
7524 struct msghdr mh = {
7525 .msg_control = &control,
7526 .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
7528 struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
7535 r = namespace_open(pid, &pidnsfd, &mntnsfd, NULL, &rootfd);
7539 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM, 0, pair) < 0)
7549 pair[0] = safe_close(pair[0]);
7551 r = namespace_enter(pidnsfd, mntnsfd, -1, rootfd);
7553 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
7555 master = posix_openpt(flags);
7557 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
7559 cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&mh);
7560 cmsg->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
7561 cmsg->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
7562 cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
7563 memcpy(CMSG_DATA(cmsg), &master, sizeof(int));
7565 mh.msg_controllen = cmsg->cmsg_len;
7567 if (sendmsg(pair[1], &mh, MSG_NOSIGNAL) < 0)
7568 _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
7570 _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
7573 pair[1] = safe_close(pair[1]);
7575 r = wait_for_terminate(child, &si);
7578 if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED || si.si_status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
7581 if (recvmsg(pair[0], &mh, MSG_NOSIGNAL|MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC) < 0)
7584 for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&mh); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&mh, cmsg))
7585 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_RIGHTS) {
7589 fds = (int*) CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
7590 n_fds = (cmsg->cmsg_len - CMSG_LEN(0)) / sizeof(int);
7593 close_many(fds, n_fds);
7603 ssize_t fgetxattrat_fake(int dirfd, const char *filename, const char *attribute, void *value, size_t size, int flags) {
7604 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
7607 /* The kernel doesn't have a fgetxattrat() command, hence let's emulate one */
7609 fd = openat(dirfd, filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY|O_NOATIME|(flags & AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW ? O_NOFOLLOW : 0));
7613 l = fgetxattr(fd, attribute, value, size);
7620 static int parse_crtime(le64_t le, usec_t *usec) {
7626 if (u == 0 || u == (uint64_t) -1)
7633 int fd_getcrtime(int fd, usec_t *usec) {
7640 /* Until Linux gets a real concept of birthtime/creation time,
7641 * let's fake one with xattrs */
7643 n = fgetxattr(fd, "user.crtime_usec", &le, sizeof(le));
7646 if (n != sizeof(le))
7649 return parse_crtime(le, usec);
7652 int fd_getcrtime_at(int dirfd, const char *name, usec_t *usec, int flags) {
7656 n = fgetxattrat_fake(dirfd, name, "user.crtime_usec", &le, sizeof(le), flags);
7659 if (n != sizeof(le))
7662 return parse_crtime(le, usec);
7665 int path_getcrtime(const char *p, usec_t *usec) {
7672 n = getxattr(p, "user.crtime_usec", &le, sizeof(le));
7675 if (n != sizeof(le))
7678 return parse_crtime(le, usec);
7681 int fd_setcrtime(int fd, usec_t usec) {
7687 usec = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
7689 le = htole64((uint64_t) usec);
7690 if (fsetxattr(fd, "user.crtime_usec", &le, sizeof(le), 0) < 0)
7696 int same_fd(int a, int b) {
7697 struct stat sta, stb;
7704 /* Compares two file descriptors. Note that semantics are
7705 * quite different depending on whether we have kcmp() or we
7706 * don't. If we have kcmp() this will only return true for
7707 * dup()ed file descriptors, but not otherwise. If we don't
7708 * have kcmp() this will also return true for two fds of the same
7709 * file, created by separate open() calls. Since we use this
7710 * call mostly for filtering out duplicates in the fd store
7711 * this difference hopefully doesn't matter too much. */
7716 /* Try to use kcmp() if we have it. */
7718 r = kcmp(pid, pid, KCMP_FILE, a, b);
7723 if (errno != ENOSYS)
7726 /* We don't have kcmp(), use fstat() instead. */
7727 if (fstat(a, &sta) < 0)
7730 if (fstat(b, &stb) < 0)
7733 if ((sta.st_mode & S_IFMT) != (stb.st_mode & S_IFMT))
7736 /* We consider all device fds different, since two device fds
7737 * might refer to quite different device contexts even though
7738 * they share the same inode and backing dev_t. */
7740 if (S_ISCHR(sta.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(sta.st_mode))
7743 if (sta.st_dev != stb.st_dev || sta.st_ino != stb.st_ino)
7746 /* The fds refer to the same inode on disk, let's also check
7747 * if they have the same fd flags. This is useful to
7748 * distuingish the read and write side of a pipe created with
7750 fa = fcntl(a, F_GETFL);
7754 fb = fcntl(b, F_GETFL);
7761 int chattr_fd(int fd, bool b, int mask) {
7762 int old_attr, new_attr;
7766 if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_GETFLAGS, &old_attr) < 0)
7770 new_attr = old_attr | mask;
7772 new_attr = old_attr & ~mask;
7774 if (new_attr == old_attr)
7777 if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_SETFLAGS, &new_attr) < 0)
7783 int chattr_path(const char *p, bool b, int mask) {
7784 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
7786 fd = open(p, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY|O_NOFOLLOW);
7790 return chattr_fd(fd, b, mask);