1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 #include <sys/epoll.h>
27 #include <sys/signalfd.h>
31 #include <sys/reboot.h>
32 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
50 #include "ratelimit.h"
52 #include "mount-setup.h"
53 #include "unit-name.h"
54 #include "dbus-unit.h"
57 #include "path-lookup.h"
59 #include "bus-errors.h"
60 #include "exit-status.h"
61 #include "sd-daemon.h"
63 /* As soon as 16 units are in our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
64 #define GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX 16
66 /* As soon as 5s passed since a unit was added to our GC queue, make sure to run a gc sweep */
67 #define GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX (10*USEC_PER_SEC)
69 /* Where clients shall send notification messages to */
70 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM "/run/systemd/notify"
71 #define NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "@/org/freedesktop/systemd1/notify"
73 static int manager_setup_notify(Manager *m) {
76 struct sockaddr_un un;
78 struct epoll_event ev;
83 m->notify_watch.type = WATCH_NOTIFY;
84 if ((m->notify_watch.fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
85 log_error("Failed to allocate notification socket: %m");
90 sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
93 snprintf(sa.un.sun_path, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path), NOTIFY_SOCKET_USER "/%llu", random_ull());
95 unlink(NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM);
96 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path, NOTIFY_SOCKET_SYSTEM, sizeof(sa.un.sun_path));
99 if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == '@')
100 sa.un.sun_path[0] = 0;
102 if (bind(m->notify_watch.fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
103 log_error("bind() failed: %m");
107 if (setsockopt(m->notify_watch.fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PASSCRED, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) {
108 log_error("SO_PASSCRED failed: %m");
114 ev.data.ptr = &m->notify_watch;
116 if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->notify_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
119 if (sa.un.sun_path[0] == 0)
120 sa.un.sun_path[0] = '@';
122 if (!(m->notify_socket = strdup(sa.un.sun_path)))
125 log_debug("Using notification socket %s", m->notify_socket);
130 static int enable_special_signals(Manager *m) {
135 /* Enable that we get SIGINT on control-alt-del */
136 if (reboot(RB_DISABLE_CAD) < 0)
137 log_warning("Failed to enable ctrl-alt-del handling: %m");
139 if ((fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0)
140 log_warning("Failed to open /dev/tty0: %m");
142 /* Enable that we get SIGWINCH on kbrequest */
143 if (ioctl(fd, KDSIGACCEPT, SIGWINCH) < 0)
144 log_warning("Failed to enable kbrequest handling: %s", strerror(errno));
146 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
152 static int manager_setup_signals(Manager *m) {
154 struct epoll_event ev;
159 /* We are not interested in SIGSTOP and friends. */
161 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
162 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
163 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
165 assert_se(sigemptyset(&mask) == 0);
167 sigset_add_many(&mask,
168 SIGCHLD, /* Child died */
169 SIGTERM, /* Reexecute daemon */
170 SIGHUP, /* Reload configuration */
171 SIGUSR1, /* systemd/upstart: reconnect to D-Bus */
172 SIGUSR2, /* systemd: dump status */
173 SIGINT, /* Kernel sends us this on control-alt-del */
174 SIGWINCH, /* Kernel sends us this on kbrequest (alt-arrowup) */
175 SIGPWR, /* Some kernel drivers and upsd send us this on power failure */
176 SIGRTMIN+0, /* systemd: start default.target */
177 SIGRTMIN+1, /* systemd: isolate rescue.target */
178 SIGRTMIN+2, /* systemd: isolate emergency.target */
179 SIGRTMIN+3, /* systemd: start halt.target */
180 SIGRTMIN+4, /* systemd: start poweroff.target */
181 SIGRTMIN+5, /* systemd: start reboot.target */
182 SIGRTMIN+6, /* systemd: start kexec.target */
183 SIGRTMIN+13, /* systemd: Immediate halt */
184 SIGRTMIN+14, /* systemd: Immediate poweroff */
185 SIGRTMIN+15, /* systemd: Immediate reboot */
186 SIGRTMIN+16, /* systemd: Immediate kexec */
187 SIGRTMIN+20, /* systemd: enable status messages */
188 SIGRTMIN+21, /* systemd: disable status messages */
190 assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL) == 0);
192 m->signal_watch.type = WATCH_SIGNAL;
193 if ((m->signal_watch.fd = signalfd(-1, &mask, SFD_NONBLOCK|SFD_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
198 ev.data.ptr = &m->signal_watch;
200 if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, m->signal_watch.fd, &ev) < 0)
203 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
204 return enable_special_signals(m);
209 int manager_new(ManagerRunningAs running_as, Manager **_m) {
214 assert(running_as >= 0);
215 assert(running_as < _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX);
217 if (!(m = new0(Manager, 1)))
220 dual_timestamp_get(&m->startup_timestamp);
222 m->running_as = running_as;
223 m->name_data_slot = m->subscribed_data_slot = -1;
224 m->exit_code = _MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_INVALID;
225 m->pin_cgroupfs_fd = -1;
231 m->signal_watch.fd = m->mount_watch.fd = m->udev_watch.fd = m->epoll_fd = m->dev_autofs_fd = m->swap_watch.fd = -1;
232 m->current_job_id = 1; /* start as id #1, so that we can leave #0 around as "null-like" value */
234 if (!(m->environment = strv_copy(environ)))
237 if (!(m->default_controllers = strv_new("cpu", NULL)))
240 if (!(m->units = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
243 if (!(m->jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
246 if (!(m->transaction_jobs = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
249 if (!(m->watch_pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func)))
252 if (!(m->cgroup_bondings = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
255 if (!(m->watch_bus = hashmap_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func)))
258 if ((m->epoll_fd = epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC)) < 0)
261 if ((r = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as)) < 0)
264 if ((r = manager_setup_signals(m)) < 0)
267 if ((r = manager_setup_cgroup(m)) < 0)
270 if ((r = manager_setup_notify(m)) < 0)
273 /* Try to connect to the busses, if possible. */
274 if ((r = bus_init(m, running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)) < 0)
278 if ((m->audit_fd = audit_open()) < 0)
279 log_error("Failed to connect to audit log: %m");
282 m->taint_usr = dir_is_empty("/usr") > 0;
292 static unsigned manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(Manager *m) {
298 while ((meta = m->cleanup_queue)) {
299 assert(meta->in_cleanup_queue);
301 unit_free((Unit*) meta);
309 GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH, /* This one is on the path we were traveling */
310 GC_OFFSET_UNSURE, /* No clue */
311 GC_OFFSET_GOOD, /* We still need this unit */
312 GC_OFFSET_BAD, /* We don't need this unit anymore */
316 static void unit_gc_sweep(Unit *u, unsigned gc_marker) {
323 if (u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD ||
324 u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
325 u->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH)
328 if (u->meta.in_cleanup_queue)
331 if (unit_check_gc(u))
334 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_IN_PATH;
338 SET_FOREACH(other, u->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REFERENCED_BY], i) {
339 unit_gc_sweep(other, gc_marker);
341 if (other->meta.gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD)
344 if (other->meta.gc_marker != gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD)
351 /* We were unable to find anything out about this entry, so
352 * let's investigate it later */
353 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE;
354 unit_add_to_gc_queue(u);
358 /* We definitely know that this one is not useful anymore, so
359 * let's mark it for deletion */
360 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
361 unit_add_to_cleanup_queue(u);
365 u->meta.gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_GOOD;
368 static unsigned manager_dispatch_gc_queue(Manager *m) {
375 if ((m->n_in_gc_queue < GC_QUEUE_ENTRIES_MAX) &&
376 (m->gc_queue_timestamp <= 0 ||
377 (m->gc_queue_timestamp + GC_QUEUE_USEC_MAX) > now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC)))
380 log_debug("Running GC...");
382 m->gc_marker += _GC_OFFSET_MAX;
383 if (m->gc_marker + _GC_OFFSET_MAX <= _GC_OFFSET_MAX)
386 gc_marker = m->gc_marker;
388 while ((meta = m->gc_queue)) {
389 assert(meta->in_gc_queue);
391 unit_gc_sweep((Unit*) meta, gc_marker);
393 LIST_REMOVE(Meta, gc_queue, m->gc_queue, meta);
394 meta->in_gc_queue = false;
398 if (meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD ||
399 meta->gc_marker == gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_UNSURE) {
400 log_debug("Collecting %s", meta->id);
401 meta->gc_marker = gc_marker + GC_OFFSET_BAD;
402 unit_add_to_cleanup_queue((Unit*) meta);
406 m->n_in_gc_queue = 0;
407 m->gc_queue_timestamp = 0;
412 static void manager_clear_jobs_and_units(Manager *m) {
418 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
421 while ((u = hashmap_first(m->units)))
424 manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m);
426 assert(!m->load_queue);
427 assert(!m->run_queue);
428 assert(!m->dbus_unit_queue);
429 assert(!m->dbus_job_queue);
430 assert(!m->cleanup_queue);
431 assert(!m->gc_queue);
433 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
434 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->jobs));
435 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->units));
438 void manager_free(Manager *m) {
443 manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
445 for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
446 if (unit_vtable[c]->shutdown)
447 unit_vtable[c]->shutdown(m);
449 /* If we reexecute ourselves, we keep the root cgroup
451 manager_shutdown_cgroup(m, m->exit_code != MANAGER_REEXECUTE);
453 manager_undo_generators(m);
457 hashmap_free(m->units);
458 hashmap_free(m->jobs);
459 hashmap_free(m->transaction_jobs);
460 hashmap_free(m->watch_pids);
461 hashmap_free(m->watch_bus);
463 if (m->epoll_fd >= 0)
464 close_nointr_nofail(m->epoll_fd);
465 if (m->signal_watch.fd >= 0)
466 close_nointr_nofail(m->signal_watch.fd);
467 if (m->notify_watch.fd >= 0)
468 close_nointr_nofail(m->notify_watch.fd);
471 if (m->audit_fd >= 0)
472 audit_close(m->audit_fd);
475 free(m->notify_socket);
477 lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
478 strv_free(m->environment);
480 strv_free(m->default_controllers);
482 hashmap_free(m->cgroup_bondings);
483 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
488 int manager_enumerate(Manager *m) {
494 /* Let's ask every type to load all units from disk/kernel
495 * that it might know */
496 for (c = 0; c < _UNIT_TYPE_MAX; c++)
497 if (unit_vtable[c]->enumerate)
498 if ((q = unit_vtable[c]->enumerate(m)) < 0)
501 manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
505 int manager_coldplug(Manager *m) {
513 /* Then, let's set up their initial state. */
514 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
520 if ((q = unit_coldplug(u)) < 0)
527 static void manager_build_unit_path_cache(Manager *m) {
534 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
536 if (!(m->unit_path_cache = set_new(string_hash_func, string_compare_func))) {
537 log_error("Failed to allocate unit path cache.");
541 /* This simply builds a list of files we know exist, so that
542 * we don't always have to go to disk */
544 STRV_FOREACH(i, m->lookup_paths.unit_path) {
547 if (!(d = opendir(*i))) {
548 log_error("Failed to open directory: %m");
552 while ((de = readdir(d))) {
555 if (ignore_file(de->d_name))
558 if (asprintf(&p, "%s/%s", streq(*i, "/") ? "" : *i, de->d_name) < 0) {
563 if ((r = set_put(m->unit_path_cache, p)) < 0) {
576 log_error("Failed to build unit path cache: %s", strerror(-r));
578 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
579 m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
585 int manager_startup(Manager *m, FILE *serialization, FDSet *fds) {
590 manager_run_generators(m);
592 manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
594 /* If we will deserialize make sure that during enumeration
595 * this is already known, so we increase the counter here
598 m->n_deserializing ++;
600 /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
601 r = manager_enumerate(m);
603 /* Second, deserialize if there is something to deserialize */
605 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, serialization, fds)) < 0)
608 /* Third, fire things up! */
609 if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
613 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
614 m->n_deserializing --;
620 static void transaction_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
624 /* Deletes one job from the transaction */
626 manager_transaction_unlink_job(m, j, delete_dependencies);
632 static void transaction_delete_unit(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
635 /* Deletes all jobs associated with a certain unit from the
638 while ((j = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
639 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
642 static void transaction_clean_dependencies(Manager *m) {
648 /* Drops all dependencies of all installed jobs */
650 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
651 while (j->subject_list)
652 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
653 while (j->object_list)
654 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
657 assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
660 static void transaction_abort(Manager *m) {
665 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->transaction_jobs)))
667 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
671 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
673 transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
676 static void transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(Manager *m, Job *j, unsigned generation) {
681 /* A recursive sweep through the graph that marks all units
682 * that matter to the anchor job, i.e. are directly or
683 * indirectly a dependency of the anchor job via paths that
684 * are fully marked as mattering. */
689 l = m->transaction_anchor;
691 LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, l) {
693 /* This link does not matter */
697 /* This unit has already been marked */
698 if (l->object->generation == generation)
701 l->object->matters_to_anchor = true;
702 l->object->generation = generation;
704 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, l->object, generation);
708 static void transaction_merge_and_delete_job(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *other, JobType t) {
709 JobDependency *l, *last;
713 assert(j->unit == other->unit);
714 assert(!j->installed);
716 /* Merges 'other' into 'j' and then deletes j. */
719 j->state = JOB_WAITING;
720 j->override = j->override || other->override;
722 j->matters_to_anchor = j->matters_to_anchor || other->matters_to_anchor;
724 /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
726 LIST_FOREACH(subject, l, other->subject_list) {
727 assert(l->subject == other);
732 /* Merge both lists */
734 last->subject_next = j->subject_list;
736 j->subject_list->subject_prev = last;
737 j->subject_list = other->subject_list;
740 /* Patch us in as new owner of the JobDependency objects */
742 LIST_FOREACH(object, l, other->object_list) {
743 assert(l->object == other);
748 /* Merge both lists */
750 last->object_next = j->object_list;
752 j->object_list->object_prev = last;
753 j->object_list = other->object_list;
756 /* Kill the other job */
757 other->subject_list = NULL;
758 other->object_list = NULL;
759 transaction_delete_job(m, other, true);
761 static bool job_is_conflicted_by(Job *j) {
766 /* Returns true if this job is pulled in by a least one
767 * ConflictedBy dependency. */
769 LIST_FOREACH(object, l, j->object_list)
776 static int delete_one_unmergeable_job(Manager *m, Job *j) {
781 /* Tries to delete one item in the linked list
782 * j->transaction_next->transaction_next->... that conflicts
783 * with another one, in an attempt to make an inconsistent
784 * transaction work. */
786 /* We rely here on the fact that if a merged with b does not
787 * merge with c, either a or b merge with c neither */
788 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
789 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
792 /* Is this one mergeable? Then skip it */
793 if (job_type_is_mergeable(j->type, k->type))
796 /* Ok, we found two that conflict, let's see if we can
797 * drop one of them */
798 if (!j->matters_to_anchor && !k->matters_to_anchor) {
800 /* Both jobs don't matter, so let's
801 * find the one that is smarter to
802 * remove. Let's think positive and
803 * rather remove stops then starts --
804 * except if something is being
805 * stopped because it is conflicted by
806 * another unit in which case we
807 * rather remove the start. */
809 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), yes_no(j->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(j)));
810 log_debug("Looking at job %s/%s conflicted_by=%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type), yes_no(k->type == JOB_STOP && job_is_conflicted_by(k)));
812 if (j->type == JOB_STOP) {
814 if (job_is_conflicted_by(j))
819 } else if (k->type == JOB_STOP) {
821 if (job_is_conflicted_by(k))
828 } else if (!j->matters_to_anchor)
830 else if (!k->matters_to_anchor)
835 /* Ok, we can drop one, so let's do so. */
836 log_debug("Fixing conflicting jobs by deleting job %s/%s", d->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(d->type));
837 transaction_delete_job(m, d, true);
844 static int transaction_merge_jobs(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
851 /* First step, check whether any of the jobs for one specific
852 * task conflict. If so, try to drop one of them. */
853 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
858 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next) {
859 if (job_type_merge(&t, k->type) >= 0)
862 /* OK, we could not merge all jobs for this
863 * action. Let's see if we can get rid of one
866 if ((r = delete_one_unmergeable_job(m, j)) >= 0)
867 /* Ok, we managed to drop one, now
868 * let's ask our callers to call us
869 * again after garbage collecting */
872 /* We couldn't merge anything. Failure */
873 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_JOBS_CONFLICTING, "Transaction contains conflicting jobs '%s' and '%s' for %s. Probably contradicting requirement dependencies configured.",
874 job_type_to_string(t), job_type_to_string(k->type), k->unit->meta.id);
879 /* Second step, merge the jobs. */
880 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
884 /* Merge all transactions */
885 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j->transaction_next)
886 assert_se(job_type_merge(&t, k->type) == 0);
888 /* If an active job is mergeable, merge it too */
889 if (j->unit->meta.job)
890 job_type_merge(&t, j->unit->meta.job->type); /* Might fail. Which is OK */
892 while ((k = j->transaction_next)) {
894 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, k, j, t);
897 transaction_merge_and_delete_job(m, j, k, t);
900 assert(!j->transaction_next);
901 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
907 static void transaction_drop_redundant(Manager *m) {
912 /* Goes through the transaction and removes all jobs that are
921 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
922 bool changes_something = false;
925 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, k, j) {
927 if (!job_is_anchor(k) &&
928 (k->installed || job_type_is_redundant(k->type, unit_active_state(k->unit))) &&
929 (!k->unit->meta.job || !job_type_is_conflicting(k->type, k->unit->meta.job->type)))
932 changes_something = true;
936 if (changes_something)
939 /* log_debug("Found redundant job %s/%s, dropping.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
940 transaction_delete_job(m, j, false);
948 static bool unit_matters_to_anchor(Unit *u, Job *j) {
950 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
952 /* Checks whether at least one of the jobs for this unit
953 * matters to the anchor. */
955 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j)
956 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
962 static int transaction_verify_order_one(Manager *m, Job *j, Job *from, unsigned generation, DBusError *e) {
969 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
971 /* Does a recursive sweep through the ordering graph, looking
972 * for a cycle. If we find cycle we try to break it. */
974 /* Have we seen this before? */
975 if (j->generation == generation) {
978 /* If the marker is NULL we have been here already and
979 * decided the job was loop-free from here. Hence
980 * shortcut things and return right-away. */
984 /* So, the marker is not NULL and we already have been
985 * here. We have a cycle. Let's try to break it. We go
986 * backwards in our path and try to find a suitable
987 * job to remove. We use the marker to find our way
988 * back, since smart how we are we stored our way back
990 log_warning("Found ordering cycle on %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
993 for (k = from; k; k = ((k->generation == generation && k->marker != k) ? k->marker : NULL)) {
995 log_info("Walked on cycle path to %s/%s", k->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(k->type));
999 !unit_matters_to_anchor(k->unit, k)) {
1000 /* Ok, we can drop this one, so let's
1005 /* Check if this in fact was the beginning of
1013 log_warning("Breaking ordering cycle by deleting job %s/%s", delete->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(delete->type));
1014 transaction_delete_unit(m, delete->unit);
1018 log_error("Unable to break cycle");
1020 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_ORDER_IS_CYCLIC, "Transaction order is cyclic. See system logs for details.");
1024 /* Make the marker point to where we come from, so that we can
1025 * find our way backwards if we want to break a cycle. We use
1026 * a special marker for the beginning: we point to
1028 j->marker = from ? from : j;
1029 j->generation = generation;
1031 /* We assume that the the dependencies are bidirectional, and
1032 * hence can ignore UNIT_AFTER */
1033 SET_FOREACH(u, j->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BEFORE], i) {
1036 /* Is there a job for this unit? */
1037 if (!(o = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u)))
1039 /* Ok, there is no job for this in the
1040 * transaction, but maybe there is already one
1042 if (!(o = u->meta.job))
1045 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, o, j, generation, e)) < 0)
1049 /* Ok, let's backtrack, and remember that this entry is not on
1050 * our path anymore. */
1056 static int transaction_verify_order(Manager *m, unsigned *generation, DBusError *e) {
1065 /* Check if the ordering graph is cyclic. If it is, try to fix
1066 * that up by dropping one of the jobs. */
1068 g = (*generation)++;
1070 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i)
1071 if ((r = transaction_verify_order_one(m, j, NULL, g, e)) < 0)
1077 static void transaction_collect_garbage(Manager *m) {
1082 /* Drop jobs that are not required by any other job */
1090 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1091 if (j->object_list) {
1092 /* log_debug("Keeping job %s/%s because of %s/%s", */
1093 /* j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), */
1094 /* j->object_list->subject ? j->object_list->subject->unit->meta.id : "root", */
1095 /* j->object_list->subject ? job_type_to_string(j->object_list->subject->type) : "root"); */
1099 /* log_debug("Garbage collecting job %s/%s", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type)); */
1100 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1108 static int transaction_is_destructive(Manager *m, DBusError *e) {
1114 /* Checks whether applying this transaction means that
1115 * existing jobs would be replaced */
1117 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1120 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1121 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1123 if (j->unit->meta.job &&
1124 j->unit->meta.job != j &&
1125 !job_type_is_superset(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type)) {
1127 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_TRANSACTION_IS_DESTRUCTIVE, "Transaction is destructive.");
1135 static void transaction_minimize_impact(Manager *m) {
1139 /* Drops all unnecessary jobs that reverse already active jobs
1140 * or that stop a running service. */
1148 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1149 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, j) {
1150 bool stops_running_service, changes_existing_job;
1152 /* If it matters, we shouldn't drop it */
1153 if (j->matters_to_anchor)
1156 /* Would this stop a running service?
1157 * Would this change an existing job?
1158 * If so, let's drop this entry */
1160 stops_running_service =
1161 j->type == JOB_STOP && UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(j->unit));
1163 changes_existing_job =
1164 j->unit->meta.job &&
1165 job_type_is_conflicting(j->type, j->unit->meta.job->type);
1167 if (!stops_running_service && !changes_existing_job)
1170 if (stops_running_service)
1171 log_debug("%s/%s would stop a running service.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1173 if (changes_existing_job)
1174 log_debug("%s/%s would change existing job.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1176 /* Ok, let's get rid of this */
1177 log_debug("Deleting %s/%s to minimize impact.", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1179 transaction_delete_job(m, j, true);
1191 static int transaction_apply(Manager *m, JobMode mode) {
1196 /* Moves the transaction jobs to the set of active jobs */
1198 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE) {
1200 /* When isolating first kill all installed jobs which
1201 * aren't part of the new transaction */
1202 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->jobs, i) {
1203 assert(j->installed);
1205 if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit))
1208 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED);
1212 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1214 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1215 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1220 if ((r = hashmap_put(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id), j)) < 0)
1224 while ((j = hashmap_steal_first(m->transaction_jobs))) {
1226 /* log_debug("Skipping already installed job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id); */
1230 if (j->unit->meta.job)
1231 job_free(j->unit->meta.job);
1233 j->unit->meta.job = j;
1234 j->installed = true;
1235 m->n_installed_jobs ++;
1237 /* We're fully installed. Now let's free data we don't
1240 assert(!j->transaction_next);
1241 assert(!j->transaction_prev);
1243 job_add_to_run_queue(j);
1244 job_add_to_dbus_queue(j);
1247 log_debug("Installed new job %s/%s as %u", j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type), (unsigned) j->id);
1250 /* As last step, kill all remaining job dependencies. */
1251 transaction_clean_dependencies(m);
1257 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, m->transaction_jobs, i) {
1261 hashmap_remove(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(j->id));
1267 static int transaction_activate(Manager *m, JobMode mode, DBusError *e) {
1269 unsigned generation = 1;
1273 /* This applies the changes recorded in transaction_jobs to
1274 * the actual list of jobs, if possible. */
1276 /* First step: figure out which jobs matter */
1277 transaction_find_jobs_that_matter_to_anchor(m, NULL, generation++);
1279 /* Second step: Try not to stop any running services if
1280 * we don't have to. Don't try to reverse running
1281 * jobs if we don't have to. */
1282 if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1283 transaction_minimize_impact(m);
1285 /* Third step: Drop redundant jobs */
1286 transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1289 /* Fourth step: Let's remove unneeded jobs that might
1291 if (mode != JOB_ISOLATE)
1292 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1294 /* Fifth step: verify order makes sense and correct
1295 * cycles if necessary and possible */
1296 if ((r = transaction_verify_order(m, &generation, e)) >= 0)
1300 log_warning("Requested transaction contains an unfixable cyclic ordering dependency: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1304 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction ordering
1305 * graph is still cyclic... */
1309 /* Sixth step: let's drop unmergeable entries if
1310 * necessary and possible, merge entries we can
1312 if ((r = transaction_merge_jobs(m, e)) >= 0)
1316 log_warning("Requested transaction contains unmergeable jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1320 /* Seventh step: an entry got dropped, let's garbage
1321 * collect its dependencies. */
1322 if (mode != JOB_ISOLATE)
1323 transaction_collect_garbage(m);
1325 /* Let's see if the resulting transaction still has
1326 * unmergeable entries ... */
1329 /* Eights step: Drop redundant jobs again, if the merging now allows us to drop more. */
1330 transaction_drop_redundant(m);
1332 /* Ninth step: check whether we can actually apply this */
1333 if (mode == JOB_FAIL)
1334 if ((r = transaction_is_destructive(m, e)) < 0) {
1335 log_notice("Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: %s", bus_error(e, r));
1339 /* Tenth step: apply changes */
1340 if ((r = transaction_apply(m, mode)) < 0) {
1341 log_warning("Failed to apply transaction: %s", strerror(-r));
1345 assert(hashmap_isempty(m->transaction_jobs));
1346 assert(!m->transaction_anchor);
1351 transaction_abort(m);
1355 static Job* transaction_add_one_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, bool override, bool *is_new) {
1361 /* Looks for an existing prospective job and returns that. If
1362 * it doesn't exist it is created and added to the prospective
1365 f = hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, unit);
1367 LIST_FOREACH(transaction, j, f) {
1368 assert(j->unit == unit);
1370 if (j->type == type) {
1377 if (unit->meta.job && unit->meta.job->type == type)
1379 else if (!(j = job_new(m, type, unit)))
1384 j->matters_to_anchor = false;
1385 j->override = override;
1387 LIST_PREPEND(Job, transaction, f, j);
1389 if (hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, unit, f) < 0) {
1397 /* log_debug("Added job %s/%s to transaction.", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type)); */
1402 void manager_transaction_unlink_job(Manager *m, Job *j, bool delete_dependencies) {
1406 if (j->transaction_prev)
1407 j->transaction_prev->transaction_next = j->transaction_next;
1408 else if (j->transaction_next)
1409 hashmap_replace(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j->transaction_next);
1411 hashmap_remove_value(m->transaction_jobs, j->unit, j);
1413 if (j->transaction_next)
1414 j->transaction_next->transaction_prev = j->transaction_prev;
1416 j->transaction_prev = j->transaction_next = NULL;
1418 while (j->subject_list)
1419 job_dependency_free(j->subject_list);
1421 while (j->object_list) {
1422 Job *other = j->object_list->matters ? j->object_list->subject : NULL;
1424 job_dependency_free(j->object_list);
1426 if (other && delete_dependencies) {
1427 log_debug("Deleting job %s/%s as dependency of job %s/%s",
1428 other->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(other->type),
1429 j->unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(j->type));
1430 transaction_delete_job(m, other, delete_dependencies);
1435 static int transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(
1443 bool ignore_requirements,
1454 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1457 /* log_debug("Pulling in %s/%s from %s/%s", */
1458 /* unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), */
1459 /* by ? by->unit->meta.id : "NA", */
1460 /* by ? job_type_to_string(by->type) : "NA"); */
1462 if (unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_LOADED &&
1463 unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_ERROR &&
1464 unit->meta.load_state != UNIT_MASKED) {
1465 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED, "Unit %s is not loaded properly.", unit->meta.id);
1469 if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1470 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_LOAD_FAILED,
1471 "Unit %s failed to load: %s. "
1472 "See system logs and 'systemctl status %s' for details.",
1474 strerror(-unit->meta.load_error),
1479 if (type != JOB_STOP && unit->meta.load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1480 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_MASKED, "Unit %s is masked.", unit->meta.id);
1484 if (!unit_job_is_applicable(unit, type)) {
1485 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_JOB_TYPE_NOT_APPLICABLE, "Job type %s is not applicable for unit %s.", job_type_to_string(type), unit->meta.id);
1489 /* First add the job. */
1490 if (!(ret = transaction_add_one_job(m, type, unit, override, &is_new)))
1493 ret->ignore_order = ret->ignore_order || ignore_order;
1495 /* Then, add a link to the job. */
1496 if (!job_dependency_new(by, ret, matters, conflicts))
1499 if (is_new && !ignore_requirements) {
1502 /* If we are following some other unit, make sure we
1503 * add all dependencies of everybody following. */
1504 if (unit_following_set(ret->unit, &following) > 0) {
1505 SET_FOREACH(dep, following, i)
1506 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1507 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1513 set_free(following);
1516 /* Finally, recursively add in all dependencies. */
1517 if (type == JOB_START || type == JOB_RELOAD_OR_START) {
1518 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES], i)
1519 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1527 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BIND_TO], i)
1528 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1537 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRES_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1538 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1539 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1545 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_WANTS], i)
1546 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_START, dep, ret, false, false, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1547 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1553 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE], i)
1554 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1563 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUISITE_OVERRIDABLE], i)
1564 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_VERIFY_ACTIVE, dep, ret, !override, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1565 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1571 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTS], i)
1572 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, true, override, true, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1581 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_CONFLICTED_BY], i)
1582 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, dep, ret, false, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1583 log_warning("Cannot add dependency job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", dep->meta.id, bus_error(e, r));
1589 } else if (type == JOB_STOP || type == JOB_RESTART || type == JOB_TRY_RESTART) {
1591 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_REQUIRED_BY], i)
1592 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1601 SET_FOREACH(dep, ret->unit->meta.dependencies[UNIT_BOUND_BY], i)
1602 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, dep, ret, true, override, false, false, ignore_order, e, NULL)) < 0) {
1612 /* JOB_VERIFY_STARTED, JOB_RELOAD require no dependency handling */
1624 static int transaction_add_isolate_jobs(Manager *m) {
1632 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, k, m->units, i) {
1634 /* ignore aliases */
1635 if (u->meta.id != k)
1638 if (u->meta.ignore_on_isolate)
1641 /* No need to stop inactive jobs */
1642 if (UNIT_IS_INACTIVE_OR_FAILED(unit_active_state(u)) && !u->meta.job)
1645 /* Is there already something listed for this? */
1646 if (hashmap_get(m->transaction_jobs, u))
1649 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, JOB_STOP, u, NULL, true, false, false, false, false, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
1650 log_warning("Cannot add isolate job for unit %s, ignoring: %s", u->meta.id, strerror(-r));
1656 int manager_add_job(Manager *m, JobType type, Unit *unit, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1661 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1663 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1665 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && type != JOB_START) {
1666 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_JOB_MODE, "Isolate is only valid for start.");
1670 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE && !unit->meta.allow_isolate) {
1671 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_NO_ISOLATION, "Operation refused, unit may not be isolated.");
1675 log_debug("Trying to enqueue job %s/%s/%s", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), job_mode_to_string(mode));
1677 if ((r = transaction_add_job_and_dependencies(m, type, unit, NULL, true, override, false,
1678 mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES || mode == JOB_IGNORE_REQUIREMENTS,
1679 mode == JOB_IGNORE_DEPENDENCIES, e, &ret)) < 0) {
1680 transaction_abort(m);
1684 if (mode == JOB_ISOLATE)
1685 if ((r = transaction_add_isolate_jobs(m)) < 0) {
1686 transaction_abort(m);
1690 if ((r = transaction_activate(m, mode, e)) < 0)
1693 log_debug("Enqueued job %s/%s as %u", unit->meta.id, job_type_to_string(type), (unsigned) ret->id);
1701 int manager_add_job_by_name(Manager *m, JobType type, const char *name, JobMode mode, bool override, DBusError *e, Job **_ret) {
1706 assert(type < _JOB_TYPE_MAX);
1708 assert(mode < _JOB_MODE_MAX);
1710 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, name, NULL, NULL, &unit)) < 0)
1713 return manager_add_job(m, type, unit, mode, override, e, _ret);
1716 Job *manager_get_job(Manager *m, uint32_t id) {
1719 return hashmap_get(m->jobs, UINT32_TO_PTR(id));
1722 Unit *manager_get_unit(Manager *m, const char *name) {
1726 return hashmap_get(m->units, name);
1729 unsigned manager_dispatch_load_queue(Manager *m) {
1735 /* Make sure we are not run recursively */
1736 if (m->dispatching_load_queue)
1739 m->dispatching_load_queue = true;
1741 /* Dispatches the load queue. Takes a unit from the queue and
1742 * tries to load its data until the queue is empty */
1744 while ((meta = m->load_queue)) {
1745 assert(meta->in_load_queue);
1747 unit_load((Unit*) meta);
1751 m->dispatching_load_queue = false;
1755 int manager_load_unit_prepare(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1760 assert(name || path);
1762 /* This will prepare the unit for loading, but not actually
1763 * load anything from disk. */
1765 if (path && !is_path(path)) {
1766 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_PATH, "Path %s is not absolute.", path);
1771 name = file_name_from_path(path);
1773 if (!unit_name_is_valid(name, false)) {
1774 dbus_set_error(e, BUS_ERROR_INVALID_NAME, "Unit name %s is not valid.", name);
1778 if ((ret = manager_get_unit(m, name))) {
1783 if (!(ret = unit_new(m)))
1787 if (!(ret->meta.fragment_path = strdup(path))) {
1792 if ((r = unit_add_name(ret, name)) < 0) {
1797 unit_add_to_load_queue(ret);
1798 unit_add_to_dbus_queue(ret);
1799 unit_add_to_gc_queue(ret);
1807 int manager_load_unit(Manager *m, const char *name, const char *path, DBusError *e, Unit **_ret) {
1812 /* This will load the service information files, but not actually
1813 * start any services or anything. */
1815 if ((r = manager_load_unit_prepare(m, name, path, e, _ret)) != 0)
1818 manager_dispatch_load_queue(m);
1821 *_ret = unit_follow_merge(*_ret);
1826 void manager_dump_jobs(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1833 HASHMAP_FOREACH(j, s->jobs, i)
1834 job_dump(j, f, prefix);
1837 void manager_dump_units(Manager *s, FILE *f, const char *prefix) {
1845 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, s->units, i)
1846 if (u->meta.id == t)
1847 unit_dump(u, f, prefix);
1850 void manager_clear_jobs(Manager *m) {
1855 transaction_abort(m);
1857 while ((j = hashmap_first(m->jobs)))
1858 job_finish_and_invalidate(j, JOB_CANCELED);
1861 unsigned manager_dispatch_run_queue(Manager *m) {
1865 if (m->dispatching_run_queue)
1868 m->dispatching_run_queue = true;
1870 while ((j = m->run_queue)) {
1871 assert(j->installed);
1872 assert(j->in_run_queue);
1874 job_run_and_invalidate(j);
1878 m->dispatching_run_queue = false;
1882 unsigned manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(Manager *m) {
1889 if (m->dispatching_dbus_queue)
1892 m->dispatching_dbus_queue = true;
1894 while ((meta = m->dbus_unit_queue)) {
1895 assert(meta->in_dbus_queue);
1897 bus_unit_send_change_signal((Unit*) meta);
1901 while ((j = m->dbus_job_queue)) {
1902 assert(j->in_dbus_queue);
1904 bus_job_send_change_signal(j);
1908 m->dispatching_dbus_queue = false;
1912 static int manager_process_notify_fd(Manager *m) {
1919 struct msghdr msghdr;
1921 struct ucred *ucred;
1923 struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
1924 uint8_t buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct ucred))];
1930 iovec.iov_base = buf;
1931 iovec.iov_len = sizeof(buf)-1;
1935 msghdr.msg_iov = &iovec;
1936 msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
1937 msghdr.msg_control = &control;
1938 msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof(control);
1940 if ((n = recvmsg(m->notify_watch.fd, &msghdr, MSG_DONTWAIT)) <= 0) {
1944 if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
1950 if (msghdr.msg_controllen < CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred)) ||
1951 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET ||
1952 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_type != SCM_CREDENTIALS ||
1953 control.cmsghdr.cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ucred))) {
1954 log_warning("Received notify message without credentials. Ignoring.");
1958 ucred = (struct ucred*) CMSG_DATA(&control.cmsghdr);
1960 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(ucred->pid))))
1961 if (!(u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, ucred->pid))) {
1962 log_warning("Cannot find unit for notify message of PID %lu.", (unsigned long) ucred->pid);
1966 assert((size_t) n < sizeof(buf));
1968 if (!(tags = strv_split(buf, "\n\r")))
1971 log_debug("Got notification message for unit %s", u->meta.id);
1973 if (UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message)
1974 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->notify_message(u, ucred->pid, tags);
1982 static int manager_dispatch_sigchld(Manager *m) {
1992 /* First we call waitd() for a PID and do not reap the
1993 * zombie. That way we can still access /proc/$PID for
1994 * it while it is a zombie. */
1995 if (waitid(P_ALL, 0, &si, WEXITED|WNOHANG|WNOWAIT) < 0) {
1997 if (errno == ECHILD)
2009 if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED || si.si_code == CLD_KILLED || si.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) {
2012 get_process_name(si.si_pid, &name);
2013 log_debug("Got SIGCHLD for process %lu (%s)", (unsigned long) si.si_pid, strna(name));
2017 /* Let's flush any message the dying child might still
2018 * have queued for us. This ensures that the process
2019 * still exists in /proc so that we can figure out
2020 * which cgroup and hence unit it belongs to. */
2021 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2024 /* And now figure out the unit this belongs to */
2025 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid))))
2026 u = cgroup_unit_by_pid(m, si.si_pid);
2028 /* And now, we actually reap the zombie. */
2029 if (waitid(P_PID, si.si_pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) {
2036 if (si.si_code != CLD_EXITED && si.si_code != CLD_KILLED && si.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
2039 log_debug("Child %lu died (code=%s, status=%i/%s)",
2040 (long unsigned) si.si_pid,
2041 sigchld_code_to_string(si.si_code),
2043 strna(si.si_code == CLD_EXITED
2044 ? exit_status_to_string(si.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
2045 : signal_to_string(si.si_status)));
2050 log_debug("Child %lu belongs to %s", (long unsigned) si.si_pid, u->meta.id);
2052 hashmap_remove(m->watch_pids, LONG_TO_PTR(si.si_pid));
2053 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->sigchld_event(u, si.si_pid, si.si_code, si.si_status);
2059 static int manager_start_target(Manager *m, const char *name, JobMode mode) {
2063 dbus_error_init(&error);
2065 log_debug("Activating special unit %s", name);
2067 if ((r = manager_add_job_by_name(m, JOB_START, name, mode, true, &error, NULL)) < 0)
2068 log_error("Failed to enqueue %s job: %s", name, bus_error(&error, r));
2070 dbus_error_free(&error);
2075 static int manager_process_signal_fd(Manager *m) {
2077 struct signalfd_siginfo sfsi;
2078 bool sigchld = false;
2083 if ((n = read(m->signal_watch.fd, &sfsi, sizeof(sfsi))) != sizeof(sfsi)) {
2088 if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
2094 if (sfsi.ssi_pid > 0) {
2097 get_process_name(sfsi.ssi_pid, &p);
2099 log_debug("Received SIG%s from PID %lu (%s).",
2100 strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)),
2101 (unsigned long) sfsi.ssi_pid, strna(p));
2104 log_debug("Received SIG%s.", strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)));
2106 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo) {
2113 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2114 /* This is for compatibility with the
2115 * original sysvinit */
2116 m->exit_code = MANAGER_REEXECUTE;
2123 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
2124 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_CTRL_ALT_DEL_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2128 /* Run the exit target if there is one, if not, just exit. */
2129 if (manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_EXIT_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE) < 0) {
2130 m->exit_code = MANAGER_EXIT;
2137 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2138 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_KBREQUEST_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2140 /* This is a nop on non-init */
2144 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2145 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_SIGPWR_TARGET, JOB_REPLACE);
2147 /* This is a nop on non-init */
2153 u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE);
2155 if (!u || UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_RELOADING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2156 log_info("Trying to reconnect to bus...");
2160 if (!u || !UNIT_IS_ACTIVE_OR_ACTIVATING(unit_active_state(u))) {
2161 log_info("Loading D-Bus service...");
2162 manager_start_target(m, SPECIAL_DBUS_SERVICE, JOB_REPLACE);
2173 if (!(f = open_memstream(&dump, &size))) {
2174 log_warning("Failed to allocate memory stream.");
2178 manager_dump_units(m, f, "\t");
2179 manager_dump_jobs(m, f, "\t");
2184 log_warning("Failed to write status stream");
2189 log_dump(LOG_INFO, dump);
2196 m->exit_code = MANAGER_RELOAD;
2200 /* Starting SIGRTMIN+0 */
2201 static const char * const target_table[] = {
2202 [0] = SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET,
2203 [1] = SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
2204 [2] = SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
2205 [3] = SPECIAL_HALT_TARGET,
2206 [4] = SPECIAL_POWEROFF_TARGET,
2207 [5] = SPECIAL_REBOOT_TARGET,
2208 [6] = SPECIAL_KEXEC_TARGET
2211 /* Starting SIGRTMIN+13, so that target halt and system halt are 10 apart */
2212 static const ManagerExitCode code_table[] = {
2214 [1] = MANAGER_POWEROFF,
2215 [2] = MANAGER_REBOOT,
2219 if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+0 &&
2220 (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+(int) ELEMENTSOF(target_table)) {
2221 manager_start_target(m, target_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN],
2222 (sfsi.ssi_signo == 1 || sfsi.ssi_signo == 2) ? JOB_ISOLATE : JOB_REPLACE);
2226 if ((int) sfsi.ssi_signo >= SIGRTMIN+13 &&
2227 (int) sfsi.ssi_signo < SIGRTMIN+13+(int) ELEMENTSOF(code_table)) {
2228 m->exit_code = code_table[sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN - 13];
2232 switch (sfsi.ssi_signo - SIGRTMIN) {
2235 log_debug("Enabling showing of status.");
2236 m->show_status = true;
2240 log_debug("Disabling showing of status.");
2241 m->show_status = false;
2245 log_warning("Got unhandled signal <%s>.", strna(signal_to_string(sfsi.ssi_signo)));
2252 return manager_dispatch_sigchld(m);
2257 static int process_event(Manager *m, struct epoll_event *ev) {
2264 assert_se(w = ev->data.ptr);
2266 if (w->type == WATCH_INVALID)
2273 /* An incoming signal? */
2274 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2277 if ((r = manager_process_signal_fd(m)) < 0)
2284 /* An incoming daemon notification event? */
2285 if (ev->events != EPOLLIN)
2288 if ((r = manager_process_notify_fd(m)) < 0)
2295 /* Some fd event, to be dispatched to the units */
2296 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->fd_event(w->data.unit, w->fd, ev->events, w);
2299 case WATCH_UNIT_TIMER:
2300 case WATCH_JOB_TIMER: {
2304 /* Some timer event, to be dispatched to the units */
2305 if ((k = read(w->fd, &v, sizeof(v))) != sizeof(v)) {
2307 if (k < 0 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN))
2310 return k < 0 ? -errno : -EIO;
2313 if (w->type == WATCH_UNIT_TIMER)
2314 UNIT_VTABLE(w->data.unit)->timer_event(w->data.unit, v, w);
2316 job_timer_event(w->data.job, v, w);
2321 /* Some mount table change, intended for the mount subsystem */
2322 mount_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2326 /* Some swap table change, intended for the swap subsystem */
2327 swap_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2331 /* Some notification from udev, intended for the device subsystem */
2332 device_fd_event(m, ev->events);
2335 case WATCH_DBUS_WATCH:
2336 bus_watch_event(m, w, ev->events);
2339 case WATCH_DBUS_TIMEOUT:
2340 bus_timeout_event(m, w, ev->events);
2344 log_error("event type=%i", w->type);
2345 assert_not_reached("Unknown epoll event type.");
2351 int manager_loop(Manager *m) {
2354 RATELIMIT_DEFINE(rl, 1*USEC_PER_SEC, 50000);
2357 m->exit_code = MANAGER_RUNNING;
2359 /* Release the path cache */
2360 set_free_free(m->unit_path_cache);
2361 m->unit_path_cache = NULL;
2363 manager_check_finished(m);
2365 /* There might still be some zombies hanging around from
2366 * before we were exec()'ed. Leat's reap them */
2367 if ((r = manager_dispatch_sigchld(m)) < 0)
2370 while (m->exit_code == MANAGER_RUNNING) {
2371 struct epoll_event event;
2374 if (!ratelimit_test(&rl)) {
2375 /* Yay, something is going seriously wrong, pause a little */
2376 log_warning("Looping too fast. Throttling execution a little.");
2380 if (manager_dispatch_load_queue(m) > 0)
2383 if (manager_dispatch_run_queue(m) > 0)
2386 if (bus_dispatch(m) > 0)
2389 if (manager_dispatch_cleanup_queue(m) > 0)
2392 if (manager_dispatch_gc_queue(m) > 0)
2395 if (manager_dispatch_dbus_queue(m) > 0)
2398 if (swap_dispatch_reload(m) > 0)
2401 if ((n = epoll_wait(m->epoll_fd, &event, 1, -1)) < 0) {
2411 if ((r = process_event(m, &event)) < 0)
2415 return m->exit_code;
2418 int manager_get_unit_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Unit **_u) {
2426 if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/unit/"))
2429 if (!(n = bus_path_unescape(s+31)))
2432 u = manager_get_unit(m, n);
2443 int manager_get_job_from_dbus_path(Manager *m, const char *s, Job **_j) {
2452 if (!startswith(s, "/org/freedesktop/systemd1/job/"))
2455 if ((r = safe_atou(s + 30, &id)) < 0)
2458 if (!(j = manager_get_job(m, id)))
2466 void manager_send_unit_audit(Manager *m, Unit *u, int type, bool success) {
2471 if (m->audit_fd < 0)
2474 /* Don't generate audit events if the service was already
2475 * started and we're just deserializing */
2476 if (m->n_deserializing > 0)
2479 if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2482 if (u->meta.type != UNIT_SERVICE)
2485 if (!(p = unit_name_to_prefix_and_instance(u->meta.id))) {
2486 log_error("Failed to allocate unit name for audit message: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
2490 if (audit_log_user_comm_message(m->audit_fd, type, "", p, NULL, NULL, NULL, success) < 0) {
2491 log_warning("Failed to send audit message: %m");
2493 if (errno == EPERM) {
2494 /* We aren't allowed to send audit messages?
2495 * Then let's not retry again, to avoid
2496 * spamming the user with the same and same
2497 * messages over and over. */
2499 audit_close(m->audit_fd);
2509 void manager_send_unit_plymouth(Manager *m, Unit *u) {
2511 union sockaddr_union sa;
2513 char *message = NULL;
2515 /* Don't generate plymouth events if the service was already
2516 * started and we're just deserializing */
2517 if (m->n_deserializing > 0)
2520 if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2523 if (u->meta.type != UNIT_SERVICE &&
2524 u->meta.type != UNIT_MOUNT &&
2525 u->meta.type != UNIT_SWAP)
2528 /* We set SOCK_NONBLOCK here so that we rather drop the
2529 * message then wait for plymouth */
2530 if ((fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
2531 log_error("socket() failed: %m");
2536 sa.sa.sa_family = AF_UNIX;
2537 strncpy(sa.un.sun_path+1, "/org/freedesktop/plymouthd", sizeof(sa.un.sun_path)-1);
2538 if (connect(fd, &sa.sa, offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + strlen(sa.un.sun_path+1)) < 0) {
2540 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2543 errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2544 errno != ECONNRESET &&
2545 errno != ECONNABORTED)
2546 log_error("connect() failed: %m");
2551 if (asprintf(&message, "U\002%c%s%n", (int) (strlen(u->meta.id) + 1), u->meta.id, &n) < 0) {
2552 log_error("Out of memory");
2557 if (write(fd, message, n + 1) != n + 1) {
2559 if (errno != EPIPE &&
2562 errno != ECONNREFUSED &&
2563 errno != ECONNRESET &&
2564 errno != ECONNABORTED)
2565 log_error("Failed to write Plymouth message: %m");
2572 close_nointr_nofail(fd);
2577 void manager_dispatch_bus_name_owner_changed(
2580 const char* old_owner,
2581 const char *new_owner) {
2588 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2591 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_name_owner_change(u, name, old_owner, new_owner);
2594 void manager_dispatch_bus_query_pid_done(
2605 if (!(u = hashmap_get(m->watch_bus, name)))
2608 UNIT_VTABLE(u)->bus_query_pid_done(u, name, pid);
2611 int manager_open_serialization(Manager *m, FILE **_f) {
2619 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
2620 asprintf(&path, "/run/systemd/dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2622 asprintf(&path, "/tmp/systemd-dump-%lu-XXXXXX", (unsigned long) getpid());
2627 saved_umask = umask(0077);
2628 fd = mkostemp(path, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
2638 log_debug("Serializing state to %s", path);
2641 if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "w+")))
2649 int manager_serialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2659 m->n_serializing ++;
2661 fprintf(f, "current-job-id=%i\n", m->current_job_id);
2662 fprintf(f, "taint-usr=%s\n", yes_no(m->taint_usr));
2664 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "initrd-timestamp", &m->initrd_timestamp);
2665 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "startup-timestamp", &m->startup_timestamp);
2666 dual_timestamp_serialize(f, "finish-timestamp", &m->finish_timestamp);
2670 HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(u, t, m->units, i) {
2671 if (u->meta.id != t)
2674 if (!unit_can_serialize(u))
2678 fputs(u->meta.id, f);
2681 if ((r = unit_serialize(u, f, fds)) < 0) {
2682 m->n_serializing --;
2687 assert(m->n_serializing > 0);
2688 m->n_serializing --;
2693 r = bus_fdset_add_all(m, fds);
2700 int manager_deserialize(Manager *m, FILE *f, FDSet *fds) {
2706 log_debug("Deserializing state...");
2708 m->n_deserializing ++;
2711 char line[LINE_MAX], *l;
2713 if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
2728 if (startswith(l, "current-job-id=")) {
2731 if (safe_atou32(l+15, &id) < 0)
2732 log_debug("Failed to parse current job id value %s", l+15);
2734 m->current_job_id = MAX(m->current_job_id, id);
2735 } else if (startswith(l, "taint-usr=")) {
2738 if ((b = parse_boolean(l+10)) < 0)
2739 log_debug("Failed to parse taint /usr flag %s", l+10);
2741 m->taint_usr = m->taint_usr || b;
2742 } else if (startswith(l, "initrd-timestamp="))
2743 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->initrd_timestamp);
2744 else if (startswith(l, "startup-timestamp="))
2745 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+18, &m->startup_timestamp);
2746 else if (startswith(l, "finish-timestamp="))
2747 dual_timestamp_deserialize(l+17, &m->finish_timestamp);
2749 log_debug("Unknown serialization item '%s'", l);
2754 char name[UNIT_NAME_MAX+2];
2757 if (!fgets(name, sizeof(name), f)) {
2768 if ((r = manager_load_unit(m, strstrip(name), NULL, NULL, &u)) < 0)
2771 if ((r = unit_deserialize(u, f, fds)) < 0)
2781 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
2782 m->n_deserializing --;
2787 int manager_reload(Manager *m) {
2794 if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0)
2797 m->n_serializing ++;
2799 if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
2800 m->n_serializing --;
2805 if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0) {
2806 m->n_serializing --;
2810 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
2811 m->n_serializing --;
2816 /* From here on there is no way back. */
2817 manager_clear_jobs_and_units(m);
2818 manager_undo_generators(m);
2820 assert(m->n_serializing > 0);
2821 m->n_serializing --;
2823 /* Find new unit paths */
2824 lookup_paths_free(&m->lookup_paths);
2825 if ((q = lookup_paths_init(&m->lookup_paths, m->running_as)) < 0)
2828 manager_run_generators(m);
2830 manager_build_unit_path_cache(m);
2832 m->n_deserializing ++;
2834 /* First, enumerate what we can from all config files */
2835 if ((q = manager_enumerate(m)) < 0)
2838 /* Second, deserialize our stored data */
2839 if ((q = manager_deserialize(m, f, fds)) < 0)
2845 /* Third, fire things up! */
2846 if ((q = manager_coldplug(m)) < 0)
2849 assert(m->n_deserializing > 0);
2850 m->n_deserializing--;
2862 bool manager_is_booting_or_shutting_down(Manager *m) {
2867 /* Is the initial job still around? */
2868 if (manager_get_job(m, 1))
2871 /* Is there a job for the shutdown target? */
2872 if (((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SHUTDOWN_TARGET))))
2873 return !!u->meta.job;
2878 void manager_reset_failed(Manager *m) {
2884 HASHMAP_FOREACH(u, m->units, i)
2885 unit_reset_failed(u);
2888 bool manager_unit_pending_inactive(Manager *m, const char *name) {
2894 /* Returns true if the unit is inactive or going down */
2895 if (!(u = manager_get_unit(m, name)))
2898 return unit_pending_inactive(u);
2901 void manager_check_finished(Manager *m) {
2902 char userspace[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], initrd[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], kernel[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], sum[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
2903 usec_t kernel_usec = 0, initrd_usec = 0, userspace_usec = 0, total_usec = 0;
2907 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->finish_timestamp))
2910 if (hashmap_size(m->jobs) > 0)
2913 dual_timestamp_get(&m->finish_timestamp);
2915 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
2917 userspace_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
2918 total_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic;
2920 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&m->initrd_timestamp)) {
2922 kernel_usec = m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic;
2923 initrd_usec = m->startup_timestamp.monotonic - m->initrd_timestamp.monotonic;
2925 log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (initrd) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2926 format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel), kernel_usec),
2927 format_timespan(initrd, sizeof(initrd), initrd_usec),
2928 format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace), userspace_usec),
2929 format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
2931 kernel_usec = m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
2934 log_info("Startup finished in %s (kernel) + %s (userspace) = %s.",
2935 format_timespan(kernel, sizeof(kernel), kernel_usec),
2936 format_timespan(userspace, sizeof(userspace), userspace_usec),
2937 format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
2940 userspace_usec = initrd_usec = kernel_usec = 0;
2941 total_usec = m->finish_timestamp.monotonic - m->startup_timestamp.monotonic;
2943 log_debug("Startup finished in %s.",
2944 format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
2947 bus_broadcast_finished(m, kernel_usec, initrd_usec, userspace_usec, total_usec);
2950 "READY=1\nSTATUS=Startup finished in %s.",
2951 format_timespan(sum, sizeof(sum), total_usec));
2954 void manager_run_generators(Manager *m) {
2956 const char *generator_path;
2957 const char *argv[3];
2961 generator_path = m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_GENERATOR_PATH : USER_GENERATOR_PATH;
2962 if (!(d = opendir(generator_path))) {
2964 if (errno == ENOENT)
2967 log_error("Failed to enumerate generator directory: %m");
2971 if (!m->generator_unit_path) {
2973 char user_path[] = "/tmp/systemd-generator-XXXXXX";
2975 if (m->running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && getpid() == 1) {
2976 p = "/run/systemd/generator";
2978 if (mkdir_p(p, 0755) < 0) {
2979 log_error("Failed to create generator directory: %m");
2984 if (!(p = mkdtemp(user_path))) {
2985 log_error("Failed to create generator directory: %m");
2990 if (!(m->generator_unit_path = strdup(p))) {
2991 log_error("Failed to allocate generator unit path.");
2996 argv[0] = NULL; /* Leave this empty, execute_directory() will fill something in */
2997 argv[1] = m->generator_unit_path;
3000 execute_directory(generator_path, d, (char**) argv);
3002 if (rmdir(m->generator_unit_path) >= 0) {
3003 /* Uh? we were able to remove this dir? I guess that
3004 * means the directory was empty, hence let's shortcut
3007 free(m->generator_unit_path);
3008 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
3012 if (!strv_find(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path)) {
3015 if (!(l = strv_append(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path))) {
3016 log_error("Failed to add generator directory to unit search path: %m");
3020 strv_free(m->lookup_paths.unit_path);
3021 m->lookup_paths.unit_path = l;
3023 log_debug("Added generator unit path %s to search path.", m->generator_unit_path);
3031 void manager_undo_generators(Manager *m) {
3034 if (!m->generator_unit_path)
3037 strv_remove(m->lookup_paths.unit_path, m->generator_unit_path);
3038 rm_rf(m->generator_unit_path, false, true);
3040 free(m->generator_unit_path);
3041 m->generator_unit_path = NULL;
3044 int manager_set_default_controllers(Manager *m, char **controllers) {
3049 if (!(l = strv_copy(controllers)))
3052 strv_free(m->default_controllers);
3053 m->default_controllers = l;
3058 void manager_recheck_syslog(Manager *m) {
3063 if (m->running_as != MANAGER_SYSTEM)
3066 if ((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SYSLOG_SOCKET))) {
3069 state = SOCKET(u)->state;
3071 if (state != SOCKET_DEAD &&
3072 state != SOCKET_FAILED &&
3073 state != SOCKET_RUNNING) {
3075 /* Hmm, the socket is not set up, or is still
3076 * listening, let's better not try to use
3077 * it. Note that we have no problem if the
3078 * socket is completely down, since there
3079 * might be a foreign /dev/log socket around
3080 * and we want to make use of that.
3088 if ((u = manager_get_unit(m, SPECIAL_SYSLOG_TARGET)))
3089 if (TARGET(u)->state != TARGET_ACTIVE) {
3094 /* Hmm, OK, so the socket is either fully up, or fully down,
3095 * and the target is up, then let's make use of the socket */
3099 static const char* const manager_running_as_table[_MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_MAX] = {
3100 [MANAGER_SYSTEM] = "system",
3101 [MANAGER_USER] = "user"
3104 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(manager_running_as, ManagerRunningAs);