2 This file is part of systemd.
4 Copyright 2011 Lennart Poettering
6 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
7 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
9 (at your option) any later version.
11 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
12 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14 Lesser General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
17 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 #include <sys/mount.h>
25 #include "alloc-util.h"
26 #include "bus-common-errors.h"
27 #include "bus-error.h"
29 #include "clean-ipc.h"
30 #include "conf-parser.h"
34 #include "formats-util.h"
38 #include "logind-user.h"
40 #include "mount-util.h"
41 #include "parse-util.h"
42 #include "path-util.h"
44 #include "smack-util.h"
45 //#include "special.h"
46 #include "stdio-util.h"
47 #include "string-table.h"
48 #include "unit-name.h"
49 #include "user-util.h"
52 #if 1 /// elogind uses a static value here
53 # define SPECIAL_USER_SLICE "user.slice"
55 int user_new(User **out, Manager *m, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, const char *name) {
56 _cleanup_(user_freep) User *u = NULL;
57 char lu[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uid_t) + 1];
71 xsprintf(lu, UID_FMT, uid);
73 u->name = strdup(name);
77 if (asprintf(&u->state_file, "/run/systemd/users/"UID_FMT, uid) < 0)
80 if (asprintf(&u->runtime_path, "/run/user/"UID_FMT, uid) < 0)
83 r = slice_build_subslice(SPECIAL_USER_SLICE, lu, &u->slice);
87 r = unit_name_build("user", lu, ".service", &u->service);
91 r = hashmap_put(m->users, UID_TO_PTR(uid), u);
95 r = hashmap_put(m->user_units, u->slice, u);
99 r = hashmap_put(m->user_units, u->service, u);
108 User *user_free(User *u) {
113 LIST_REMOVE(gc_queue, u->manager->user_gc_queue, u);
116 session_free(u->sessions);
119 hashmap_remove_value(u->manager->user_units, u->service, u);
122 hashmap_remove_value(u->manager->user_units, u->slice, u);
124 hashmap_remove_value(u->manager->users, UID_TO_PTR(u->uid), u);
126 #if 0 /// elogind neither supports slice nor service jobs.
127 u->slice_job = mfree(u->slice_job);
128 u->service_job = mfree(u->service_job);
131 u->service = mfree(u->service);
132 u->slice = mfree(u->slice);
133 u->runtime_path = mfree(u->runtime_path);
134 u->state_file = mfree(u->state_file);
135 u->name = mfree(u->name);
140 static int user_save_internal(User *u) {
141 _cleanup_free_ char *temp_path = NULL;
142 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
146 assert(u->state_file);
148 r = mkdir_safe_label("/run/systemd/users", 0755, 0, 0);
152 r = fopen_temporary(u->state_file, &f, &temp_path);
156 fchmod(fileno(f), 0644);
159 "# This is private data. Do not parse.\n"
163 user_state_to_string(user_get_state(u)));
165 /* LEGACY: no-one reads RUNTIME= anymore, drop it at some point */
167 fprintf(f, "RUNTIME=%s\n", u->runtime_path);
169 #if 0 /// elogind neither supports service nor slice jobs
171 fprintf(f, "SERVICE_JOB=%s\n", u->service_job);
174 fprintf(f, "SLICE_JOB=%s\n", u->slice_job);
178 fprintf(f, "DISPLAY=%s\n", u->display->id);
180 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&u->timestamp))
182 "REALTIME="USEC_FMT"\n"
183 "MONOTONIC="USEC_FMT"\n",
184 u->timestamp.realtime,
185 u->timestamp.monotonic);
191 fputs("SESSIONS=", f);
193 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, i, u->sessions) {
202 fputs("\nSEATS=", f);
204 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, i, u->sessions) {
213 fputs(i->seat->id, f);
216 fputs("\nACTIVE_SESSIONS=", f);
218 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, i, u->sessions) {
219 if (!session_is_active(i))
230 fputs("\nONLINE_SESSIONS=", f);
232 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, i, u->sessions) {
233 if (session_get_state(i) == SESSION_CLOSING)
244 fputs("\nACTIVE_SEATS=", f);
246 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, i, u->sessions) {
247 if (!session_is_active(i) || !i->seat)
255 fputs(i->seat->id, f);
258 fputs("\nONLINE_SEATS=", f);
260 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, i, u->sessions) {
261 if (session_get_state(i) == SESSION_CLOSING || !i->seat)
269 fputs(i->seat->id, f);
274 r = fflush_and_check(f);
278 if (rename(temp_path, u->state_file) < 0) {
286 (void) unlink(u->state_file);
289 (void) unlink(temp_path);
291 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to save user data %s: %m", u->state_file);
294 int user_save(User *u) {
300 return user_save_internal (u);
303 int user_load(User *u) {
304 _cleanup_free_ char *display = NULL, *realtime = NULL, *monotonic = NULL;
310 r = parse_env_file(u->state_file, NEWLINE,
311 #if 0 /// elogind neither supports service nor slice jobs
312 "SERVICE_JOB", &u->service_job,
313 "SLICE_JOB", &u->slice_job,
316 "REALTIME", &realtime,
317 "MONOTONIC", &monotonic,
323 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read %s: %m", u->state_file);
327 s = hashmap_get(u->manager->sessions, display);
329 if (s && s->display && display_is_local(s->display))
333 timestamp_deserialize(realtime, &u->timestamp.realtime);
335 timestamp_deserialize(monotonic, &u->timestamp.monotonic);
340 static int user_mkdir_runtime_path(User *u) {
345 r = mkdir_safe_label("/run/user", 0755, 0, 0);
347 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create /run/user: %m");
349 if (path_is_mount_point(u->runtime_path, 0) <= 0) {
350 _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
352 (void) mkdir_label(u->runtime_path, 0700);
355 r = asprintf(&t, "mode=0700,smackfsroot=*,uid=" UID_FMT ",gid=" GID_FMT ",size=%zu", u->uid, u->gid, u->manager->runtime_dir_size);
357 r = asprintf(&t, "mode=0700,uid=" UID_FMT ",gid=" GID_FMT ",size=%zu", u->uid, u->gid, u->manager->runtime_dir_size);
363 r = mount("tmpfs", u->runtime_path, "tmpfs", MS_NODEV|MS_NOSUID, t);
365 if (errno != EPERM && errno != EACCES) {
366 r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to mount per-user tmpfs directory %s: %m", u->runtime_path);
370 log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to mount per-user tmpfs directory %s, assuming containerized execution, ignoring: %m", u->runtime_path);
372 r = chmod_and_chown(u->runtime_path, 0700, u->uid, u->gid);
374 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to change runtime directory ownership and mode: %m");
379 r = label_fix(u->runtime_path, false, false);
381 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to fix label of '%s', ignoring: %m", u->runtime_path);
387 /* Try to clean up, but ignore errors */
388 (void) rmdir(u->runtime_path);
392 static int user_start_slice(User *u) {
393 #if 0 /// elogind can not ask systemd via dbus to start user services
394 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
395 const char *description;
401 u->slice_job = mfree(u->slice_job);
402 description = strjoina("User Slice of ", u->name);
404 r = manager_start_slice(
408 "systemd-logind.service",
409 "systemd-user-sessions.service",
410 u->manager->user_tasks_max,
415 else if (!sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, BUS_ERROR_UNIT_EXISTS))
416 /* we don't fail due to this, let's try to continue */
417 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to start user slice %s, ignoring: %s (%s)",
418 u->slice, bus_error_message(&error, r), error.name);
422 hashmap_put(u->manager->user_units, u->slice, u);
428 static int user_start_service(User *u) {
429 #if 0 /// elogind can not ask systemd via dbus to start user services
430 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
436 u->service_job = mfree(u->service_job);
438 r = manager_start_unit(
444 /* we don't fail due to this, let's try to continue */
445 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to start user service, ignoring: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
447 u->service_job = job;
452 hashmap_put(u->manager->user_units, u->service, u);
458 int user_start(User *u) {
463 if (u->started && !u->stopping)
467 * If u->stopping is set, the user is marked for removal and the slice
468 * and service stop-jobs are queued. We have to clear that flag before
469 * queing the start-jobs again. If they succeed, the user object can be
470 * re-used just fine (pid1 takes care of job-ordering and proper
471 * restart), but if they fail, we want to force another user_stop() so
472 * possibly pending units are stopped.
473 * Note that we don't clear u->started, as we have no clue what state
474 * the user is in on failure here. Hence, we pretend the user is
475 * running so it will be properly taken down by GC. However, we clearly
476 * return an error from user_start() in that case, so no further
477 * reference to the user is taken.
482 log_debug("New user %s logged in.", u->name);
484 /* Make XDG_RUNTIME_DIR */
485 r = user_mkdir_runtime_path(u);
491 r = user_start_slice(u);
495 /* Save the user data so far, because pam_systemd will read the
496 * XDG_RUNTIME_DIR out of it while starting up systemd --user.
497 * We need to do user_save_internal() because we have not
498 * "officially" started yet. */
499 user_save_internal(u);
501 /* Spawn user systemd */
502 r = user_start_service(u);
507 if (!dual_timestamp_is_set(&u->timestamp))
508 dual_timestamp_get(&u->timestamp);
509 user_send_signal(u, true);
513 /* Save new user data */
519 #if 0 /// UNNEEDED by elogind
520 static int user_stop_slice(User *u) {
521 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
527 r = manager_stop_unit(u->manager, u->slice, &error, &job);
529 log_error("Failed to stop user slice: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
539 static int user_stop_service(User *u) {
540 _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
546 r = manager_stop_unit(u->manager, u->service, &error, &job);
548 log_error("Failed to stop user service: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
552 free(u->service_job);
553 u->service_job = job;
559 static int user_remove_runtime_path(User *u) {
564 r = rm_rf(u->runtime_path, 0);
566 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to remove runtime directory %s: %m", u->runtime_path);
568 /* Ignore cases where the directory isn't mounted, as that's
569 * quite possible, if we lacked the permissions to mount
571 r = umount2(u->runtime_path, MNT_DETACH);
572 if (r < 0 && errno != EINVAL && errno != ENOENT)
573 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to unmount user runtime directory %s: %m", u->runtime_path);
575 r = rm_rf(u->runtime_path, REMOVE_ROOT);
577 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to remove runtime directory %s: %m", u->runtime_path);
582 int user_stop(User *u, bool force) {
587 /* Stop jobs have already been queued */
593 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, s, u->sessions) {
594 k = session_stop(s, force);
600 #if 0 /// elogind does not support service or slice jobs
601 k = user_stop_service(u);
606 k = user_stop_slice(u);
618 int user_finalize(User *u) {
625 log_debug("User %s logged out.", u->name);
627 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, s, u->sessions) {
628 k = session_finalize(s);
633 /* Kill XDG_RUNTIME_DIR */
634 k = user_remove_runtime_path(u);
638 /* Clean SysV + POSIX IPC objects, but only if this is not a system user. Background: in many setups cronjobs
639 * are run in full PAM and thus logind sessions, even if the code run doesn't belong to actual users but to
640 * system components. Since enable RemoveIPC= globally for all users, we need to be a bit careful with such
641 * cases, as we shouldn't accidentally remove a system service's IPC objects while it is running, just because
642 * a cronjob running as the same user just finished. Hence: exclude system users generally from IPC clean-up,
643 * and do it only for normal users. */
644 if (u->manager->remove_ipc && u->uid > SYSTEM_UID_MAX) {
645 k = clean_ipc_by_uid(u->uid);
650 unlink(u->state_file);
651 user_add_to_gc_queue(u);
654 user_send_signal(u, false);
661 int user_get_idle_hint(User *u, dual_timestamp *t) {
663 bool idle_hint = true;
664 dual_timestamp ts = DUAL_TIMESTAMP_NULL;
668 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, s, u->sessions) {
672 ih = session_get_idle_hint(s, &k);
678 if (k.monotonic < ts.monotonic)
684 } else if (idle_hint) {
686 if (k.monotonic > ts.monotonic)
697 int user_check_linger_file(User *u) {
698 _cleanup_free_ char *cc = NULL;
701 cc = cescape(u->name);
705 p = strjoina("/var/lib/systemd/linger/", cc);
707 return access(p, F_OK) >= 0;
710 bool user_check_gc(User *u, bool drop_not_started) {
713 if (drop_not_started && !u->started)
719 if (user_check_linger_file(u) > 0)
722 #if 0 /// elogind neither supports service nor slice jobs
723 if (u->slice_job && manager_job_is_active(u->manager, u->slice_job))
726 if (u->service_job && manager_job_is_active(u->manager, u->service_job))
733 void user_add_to_gc_queue(User *u) {
739 LIST_PREPEND(gc_queue, u->manager->user_gc_queue, u);
740 u->in_gc_queue = true;
743 UserState user_get_state(User *u) {
751 #if 0 /// elogind neither supports service nor slice jobs.
752 if (!u->started || u->slice_job || u->service_job)
759 bool all_closing = true;
761 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, i, u->sessions) {
764 state = session_get_state(i);
765 if (state == SESSION_ACTIVE)
767 if (state != SESSION_CLOSING)
771 return all_closing ? USER_CLOSING : USER_ONLINE;
774 if (user_check_linger_file(u) > 0)
775 return USER_LINGERING;
780 int user_kill(User *u, int signo) {
781 #if 0 /// Without systemd unit support, elogind has to rely on its session system
784 return manager_kill_unit(u->manager, u->slice, KILL_ALL, signo, NULL);
791 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, s, u->sessions) {
792 int r = session_kill(s, KILL_ALL, signo);
793 if (res == 0 && r < 0)
801 static bool elect_display_filter(Session *s) {
802 /* Return true if the session is a candidate for the user’s ‘primary
803 * session’ or ‘display’. */
806 return (s->class == SESSION_USER && !s->stopping);
809 static int elect_display_compare(Session *s1, Session *s2) {
810 /* Indexed by SessionType. Lower numbers mean more preferred. */
811 const int type_ranks[_SESSION_TYPE_MAX] = {
812 [SESSION_UNSPECIFIED] = 0,
815 [SESSION_WAYLAND] = -3,
820 /* Calculate the partial order relationship between s1 and s2,
821 * returning < 0 if s1 is preferred as the user’s ‘primary session’,
822 * 0 if s1 and s2 are equally preferred or incomparable, or > 0 if s2
825 * s1 or s2 may be NULL. */
829 if ((s1 == NULL) != (s2 == NULL))
830 return (s1 == NULL) - (s2 == NULL);
832 if (s1->stopping != s2->stopping)
833 return s1->stopping - s2->stopping;
835 if ((s1->class != SESSION_USER) != (s2->class != SESSION_USER))
836 return (s1->class != SESSION_USER) - (s2->class != SESSION_USER);
838 if ((s1->type == _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID) != (s2->type == _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID))
839 return (s1->type == _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID) - (s2->type == _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID);
841 if (s1->type != s2->type)
842 return type_ranks[s1->type] - type_ranks[s2->type];
847 void user_elect_display(User *u) {
852 /* This elects a primary session for each user, which we call
853 * the "display". We try to keep the assignment stable, but we
854 * "upgrade" to better choices. */
855 log_debug("Electing new display for user %s", u->name);
857 LIST_FOREACH(sessions_by_user, s, u->sessions) {
858 if (!elect_display_filter(s)) {
859 log_debug("Ignoring session %s", s->id);
863 if (elect_display_compare(s, u->display) < 0) {
864 log_debug("Choosing session %s in preference to %s", s->id, u->display ? u->display->id : "-");
870 static const char* const user_state_table[_USER_STATE_MAX] = {
871 [USER_OFFLINE] = "offline",
872 [USER_OPENING] = "opening",
873 [USER_LINGERING] = "lingering",
874 [USER_ONLINE] = "online",
875 [USER_ACTIVE] = "active",
876 [USER_CLOSING] = "closing"
879 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(user_state, UserState);
881 int config_parse_tmpfs_size(
883 const char *filename,
886 unsigned section_line,
901 /* First, try to parse as percentage */
902 r = parse_percent(rvalue);
903 if (r > 0 && r < 100)
904 *sz = physical_memory_scale(r, 100U);
908 /* If the passed argument was not a percentage, or out of range, parse as byte size */
910 r = parse_size(rvalue, 1024, &k);
911 if (r < 0 || k <= 0 || (uint64_t) (size_t) k != k) {
912 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse size value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
916 *sz = PAGE_ALIGN((size_t) k);
922 int config_parse_user_tasks_max(
924 const char *filename,
927 unsigned section_line,
943 if (isempty(rvalue)) {
944 *m = system_tasks_max_scale(DEFAULT_USER_TASKS_MAX_PERCENTAGE, 100U);
948 if (streq(rvalue, "infinity")) {
949 *m = CGROUP_LIMIT_MAX;
953 /* Try to parse as percentage */
954 r = parse_percent(rvalue);
956 k = system_tasks_max_scale(r, 100U);
959 /* If the passed argument was not a percentage, or out of range, parse as byte size */
961 r = safe_atou64(rvalue, &k);
963 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse tasks maximum, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
968 if (k <= 0 || k >= UINT64_MAX) {
969 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Tasks maximum out of range, ignoring: %s", rvalue);