1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/prctl.h>
35 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 #include "load-fragment.h"
42 #include "conf-parser.h"
43 #include "bus-errors.h"
51 #include "path-util.h"
53 #include "mount-setup.h"
54 #include "loopback-setup.h"
55 #include "kmod-setup.h"
56 #include "hostname-setup.h"
57 #include "machine-id-setup.h"
58 #include "locale-setup.h"
60 #include "selinux-setup.h"
61 #include "ima-setup.h"
67 ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
69 } arg_action = ACTION_RUN;
71 static char *arg_default_unit = NULL;
72 static ManagerRunningAs arg_running_as = _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_INVALID;
74 static bool arg_dump_core = true;
75 static bool arg_crash_shell = false;
76 static int arg_crash_chvt = -1;
77 static bool arg_confirm_spawn = false;
78 static bool arg_show_status = true;
79 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
80 static bool arg_sysv_console = true;
82 static char **arg_default_controllers = NULL;
83 static char ***arg_join_controllers = NULL;
84 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_output = EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL;
85 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_error = EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT;
86 static usec_t arg_runtime_watchdog = 0;
87 static usec_t arg_shutdown_watchdog = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
89 static FILE* serialization = NULL;
91 static void nop_handler(int sig) {
94 _noreturn_ static void crash(int sig) {
97 log_error("Caught <%s>, not dumping core.", signal_to_string(sig));
102 /* We want to wait for the core process, hence let's enable SIGCHLD */
104 sa.sa_handler = nop_handler;
105 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
106 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
108 if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
109 log_error("Caught <%s>, cannot fork for core dump: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(errno));
114 /* Enable default signal handler for core dump */
116 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
117 assert_se(sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) == 0);
119 /* Don't limit the core dump size */
121 rl.rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
122 rl.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
123 setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rl);
125 /* Just to be sure... */
126 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
128 /* Raise the signal again */
131 assert_not_reached("We shouldn't be here...");
138 /* Order things nicely. */
139 if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0)
140 log_error("Caught <%s>, waitpid() failed: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(-r));
141 else if (status.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
142 log_error("Caught <%s>, core dump failed.", signal_to_string(sig));
144 log_error("Caught <%s>, dumped core as pid %lu.", signal_to_string(sig), (unsigned long) pid);
149 chvt(arg_crash_chvt);
151 if (arg_crash_shell) {
155 log_info("Executing crash shell in 10s...");
158 /* Let the kernel reap children for us */
160 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
161 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT|SA_RESTART;
162 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
164 if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
165 log_error("Failed to fork off crash shell: %s", strerror(errno));
169 if ((fd = acquire_terminal("/dev/console", false, true, true)) < 0)
170 log_error("Failed to acquire terminal: %s", strerror(-fd));
171 else if ((r = make_stdio(fd)) < 0)
172 log_error("Failed to duplicate terminal fd: %s", strerror(-r));
174 execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", NULL);
176 log_error("execl() failed: %s", strerror(errno));
180 log_info("Successfully spawned crash shell as pid %lu.", (unsigned long) pid);
183 log_info("Freezing execution.");
187 static void install_crash_handler(void) {
192 sa.sa_handler = crash;
193 sa.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER;
195 sigaction_many(&sa, SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER, -1);
198 static int console_setup(bool do_reset) {
201 /* If we are init, we connect stdin/stdout/stderr to /dev/null
202 * and make sure we don't have a controlling tty. */
209 tty_fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
211 log_error("Failed to open /dev/console: %s", strerror(-tty_fd));
215 /* We don't want to force text mode.
216 * plymouth may be showing pictures already from initrd. */
217 r = reset_terminal_fd(tty_fd, false);
219 log_error("Failed to reset /dev/console: %s", strerror(-r));
221 close_nointr_nofail(tty_fd);
225 static int set_default_unit(const char *u) {
230 if (!(c = strdup(u)))
233 free(arg_default_unit);
234 arg_default_unit = c;
238 static int parse_proc_cmdline_word(const char *word) {
240 static const char * const rlmap[] = {
241 "emergency", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
242 "-b", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
243 "single", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
244 "-s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
245 "s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
246 "S", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
247 "1", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
248 "2", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
249 "3", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
250 "4", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
251 "5", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
256 if (startswith(word, "systemd.unit="))
257 return set_default_unit(word + 13);
259 else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_target=")) {
261 if (log_set_target_from_string(word + 19) < 0)
262 log_warning("Failed to parse log target %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
264 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_level=")) {
266 if (log_set_max_level_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
267 log_warning("Failed to parse log level %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
269 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_color=")) {
271 if (log_show_color_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
272 log_warning("Failed to parse log color setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
274 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_location=")) {
276 if (log_show_location_from_string(word + 21) < 0)
277 log_warning("Failed to parse log location setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 21);
279 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.dump_core=")) {
282 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 18)) < 0)
283 log_warning("Failed to parse dump core switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
287 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_shell=")) {
290 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
291 log_warning("Failed to parse crash shell switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
295 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.confirm_spawn=")) {
298 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 22)) < 0)
299 log_warning("Failed to parse confirm spawn switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 22);
301 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
303 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_chvt=")) {
306 if (safe_atoi(word + 19, &k) < 0)
307 log_warning("Failed to parse crash chvt switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
311 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.show_status=")) {
314 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
315 log_warning("Failed to parse show status switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
318 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_output=")) {
321 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 32)) < 0)
322 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard output switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 32);
324 arg_default_std_output = r;
325 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_error=")) {
328 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 31)) < 0)
329 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard error switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 31);
331 arg_default_std_error = r;
332 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.setenv=")) {
336 cenv = strdup(word + 15);
340 eq = strchr(cenv, '=');
344 log_warning("unsetenv failed %s. Ignoring.", strerror(errno));
347 r = setenv(cenv, eq + 1, 1);
349 log_warning("setenv failed %s. Ignoring.", strerror(errno));
352 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
353 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.sysv_console=")) {
356 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 21)) < 0)
357 log_warning("Failed to parse SysV console switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
359 arg_sysv_console = r;
362 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.")) {
364 log_warning("Unknown kernel switch %s. Ignoring.", word);
366 log_info("Supported kernel switches:\n"
367 "systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start\n"
368 "systemd.dump_core=0|1 Dump core on crash\n"
369 "systemd.crash_shell=0|1 Run shell on crash\n"
370 "systemd.crash_chvt=N Change to VT #N on crash\n"
371 "systemd.confirm_spawn=0|1 Confirm every process spawn\n"
372 "systemd.show_status=0|1 Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
373 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
374 "systemd.sysv_console=0|1 Connect output of SysV scripts to console\n"
376 "systemd.log_target=console|kmsg|journal|journal-or-kmsg|syslog|syslog-or-kmsg|null\n"
378 "systemd.log_level=LEVEL Log level\n"
379 "systemd.log_color=0|1 Highlight important log messages\n"
380 "systemd.log_location=0|1 Include code location in log messages\n"
381 "systemd.default_standard_output=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
382 " Set default log output for services\n"
383 "systemd.default_standard_error=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
384 " Set default log error output for services\n");
386 } else if (streq(word, "quiet")) {
387 arg_show_status = false;
388 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
389 arg_sysv_console = false;
394 /* SysV compatibility */
395 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(rlmap); i += 2)
396 if (streq(word, rlmap[i]))
397 return set_default_unit(rlmap[i+1]);
403 static int config_parse_level2(
404 const char *filename,
417 log_set_max_level_from_string(rvalue);
421 static int config_parse_target(
422 const char *filename,
435 log_set_target_from_string(rvalue);
439 static int config_parse_color(
440 const char *filename,
453 log_show_color_from_string(rvalue);
457 static int config_parse_location(
458 const char *filename,
471 log_show_location_from_string(rvalue);
475 static int config_parse_cpu_affinity2(
476 const char *filename,
495 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
500 if (!(t = strndup(w, l)))
503 r = safe_atou(t, &cpu);
507 if (!(c = cpu_set_malloc(&ncpus)))
510 if (r < 0 || cpu >= ncpus) {
511 log_error("[%s:%u] Failed to parse CPU affinity: %s", filename, line, rvalue);
516 CPU_SET_S(cpu, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c);
520 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c) < 0)
521 log_warning("Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
529 static void strv_free_free(char ***l) {
541 static void free_join_controllers(void) {
542 if (!arg_join_controllers)
545 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
546 arg_join_controllers = NULL;
549 static int config_parse_join_controllers(
550 const char *filename,
567 free_join_controllers();
569 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, length, rvalue, state) {
572 s = strndup(w, length);
576 l = strv_split(s, ",");
581 if (strv_length(l) <= 1) {
586 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
587 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
588 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
593 arg_join_controllers[0] = l;
594 arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
601 t = new0(char**, n+2);
609 for (a = arg_join_controllers; *a; a++) {
611 if (strv_overlap(*a, l)) {
614 c = strv_merge(*a, l);
637 t[n++] = strv_uniq(l);
639 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
640 arg_join_controllers = t;
647 static int parse_config_file(void) {
649 const ConfigTableItem items[] = {
650 { "Manager", "LogLevel", config_parse_level2, 0, NULL },
651 { "Manager", "LogTarget", config_parse_target, 0, NULL },
652 { "Manager", "LogColor", config_parse_color, 0, NULL },
653 { "Manager", "LogLocation", config_parse_location, 0, NULL },
654 { "Manager", "DumpCore", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_dump_core },
655 { "Manager", "CrashShell", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_crash_shell },
656 { "Manager", "ShowStatus", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_show_status },
657 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
658 { "Manager", "SysVConsole", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_sysv_console },
660 { "Manager", "CrashChVT", config_parse_int, 0, &arg_crash_chvt },
661 { "Manager", "CPUAffinity", config_parse_cpu_affinity2, 0, NULL },
662 { "Manager", "DefaultControllers", config_parse_strv, 0, &arg_default_controllers },
663 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardOutput", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_output },
664 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardError", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_error },
665 { "Manager", "JoinControllers", config_parse_join_controllers, 0, &arg_join_controllers },
666 { "Manager", "RuntimeWatchdogSec", config_parse_usec, 0, &arg_runtime_watchdog },
667 { "Manager", "ShutdownWatchdogSec", config_parse_usec, 0, &arg_shutdown_watchdog },
668 { NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
675 fn = arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_CONFIG_FILE : USER_CONFIG_FILE;
681 log_warning("Failed to open configuration file '%s': %m", fn);
685 r = config_parse(fn, f, "Manager\0", config_item_table_lookup, (void*) items, false, NULL);
687 log_warning("Failed to parse configuration file: %s", strerror(-r));
694 static int parse_proc_cmdline(void) {
695 char *line, *w, *state;
699 /* Don't read /proc/cmdline if we are in a container, since
700 * that is only relevant for the host system */
701 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0)
704 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/proc/cmdline", &line)) < 0) {
705 log_warning("Failed to read /proc/cmdline, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
709 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, line, state) {
712 if (!(word = strndup(w, l))) {
717 r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(word);
731 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
734 ARG_LOG_LEVEL = 0x100,
742 ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
750 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT,
751 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
754 static const struct option options[] = {
755 { "log-level", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LEVEL },
756 { "log-target", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_TARGET },
757 { "log-color", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_COLOR },
758 { "log-location", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LOCATION },
759 { "unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UNIT },
760 { "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },
761 { "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },
762 { "test", no_argument, NULL, ARG_TEST },
763 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
764 { "dump-configuration-items", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS },
765 { "dump-core", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CORE },
766 { "crash-shell", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CRASH_SHELL },
767 { "confirm-spawn", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN },
768 { "show-status", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_STATUS },
769 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
770 { "sysv-console", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSV_CONSOLE },
772 { "deserialize", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DESERIALIZE },
773 { "introspect", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_INTROSPECT },
774 { "default-standard-output", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT, },
775 { "default-standard-error", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR, },
787 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hDbsz:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
792 if ((r = log_set_max_level_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
793 log_error("Failed to parse log level %s.", optarg);
801 if ((r = log_set_target_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
802 log_error("Failed to parse log target %s.", optarg);
811 if ((r = log_show_color_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
812 log_error("Failed to parse log color setting %s.", optarg);
816 log_show_color(true);
820 case ARG_LOG_LOCATION:
823 if ((r = log_show_location_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
824 log_error("Failed to parse log location setting %s.", optarg);
828 log_show_location(true);
832 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT:
834 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
835 log_error("Failed to parse default standard output setting %s.", optarg);
838 arg_default_std_output = r;
841 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR:
843 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
844 log_error("Failed to parse default standard error output setting %s.", optarg);
847 arg_default_std_error = r;
852 if ((r = set_default_unit(optarg)) < 0) {
853 log_error("Failed to set default unit %s: %s", optarg, strerror(-r));
860 arg_running_as = MANAGER_SYSTEM;
864 arg_running_as = MANAGER_USER;
868 arg_action = ACTION_TEST;
871 case ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS:
872 arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS;
876 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
878 log_error("Failed to parse dump core boolean %s.", optarg);
884 case ARG_CRASH_SHELL:
885 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
887 log_error("Failed to parse crash shell boolean %s.", optarg);
893 case ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN:
894 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
896 log_error("Failed to parse confirm spawn boolean %s.", optarg);
899 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
902 case ARG_SHOW_STATUS:
903 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
905 log_error("Failed to parse show status boolean %s.", optarg);
911 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
912 case ARG_SYSV_CONSOLE:
913 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
915 log_error("Failed to parse SysV console boolean %s.", optarg);
918 arg_sysv_console = r;
922 case ARG_DESERIALIZE: {
926 if ((r = safe_atoi(optarg, &fd)) < 0 || fd < 0) {
927 log_error("Failed to parse deserialize option %s.", optarg);
931 if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "r"))) {
932 log_error("Failed to open serialization fd: %m");
937 fclose(serialization);
944 case ARG_INTROSPECT: {
945 const char * const * i = NULL;
947 for (i = bus_interface_table; *i; i += 2)
948 if (!optarg || streq(i[0], optarg)) {
949 fputs(DBUS_INTROSPECT_1_0_XML_DOCTYPE_DECL_NODE
952 fputs("</node>\n", stdout);
959 log_error("Unknown interface %s.", optarg);
961 arg_action = ACTION_DONE;
966 arg_action = ACTION_HELP;
970 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
976 /* Just to eat away the sysvinit kernel
977 * cmdline args without getopt() error
978 * messages that we'll parse in
979 * parse_proc_cmdline_word() or ignore. */
984 log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
991 if (optind < argc && getpid() != 1) {
992 /* Hmm, when we aren't run as init system
993 * let's complain about excess arguments */
995 log_error("Excess arguments.");
999 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0) {
1002 /* All /proc/cmdline arguments the kernel didn't
1003 * understand it passed to us. We're not really
1004 * interested in that usually since /proc/cmdline is
1005 * more interesting and complete. With one exception:
1006 * if we are run in a container /proc/cmdline is not
1007 * relevant for the container, hence we rely on argv[]
1010 for (a = argv; a < argv + argc; a++)
1011 if ((r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(*a)) < 0)
1018 static int help(void) {
1020 printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
1021 "Starts up and maintains the system or user services.\n\n"
1022 " -h --help Show this help\n"
1023 " --test Determine startup sequence, dump it and exit\n"
1024 " --dump-configuration-items Dump understood unit configuration items\n"
1025 " --introspect[=INTERFACE] Extract D-Bus interface data\n"
1026 " --unit=UNIT Set default unit\n"
1027 " --system Run a system instance, even if PID != 1\n"
1028 " --user Run a user instance\n"
1029 " --dump-core[=0|1] Dump core on crash\n"
1030 " --crash-shell[=0|1] Run shell on crash\n"
1031 " --confirm-spawn[=0|1] Ask for confirmation when spawning processes\n"
1032 " --show-status[=0|1] Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
1033 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1034 " --sysv-console[=0|1] Connect output of SysV scripts to console\n"
1036 " --log-target=TARGET Set log target (console, journal, syslog, kmsg, journal-or-kmsg, syslog-or-kmsg, null)\n"
1037 " --log-level=LEVEL Set log level (debug, info, notice, warning, err, crit, alert, emerg)\n"
1038 " --log-color[=0|1] Highlight important log messages\n"
1039 " --log-location[=0|1] Include code location in log messages\n"
1040 " --default-standard-output= Set default standard output for services\n"
1041 " --default-standard-error= Set default standard error output for services\n",
1042 program_invocation_short_name);
1047 static int prepare_reexecute(Manager *m, FILE **_f, FDSet **_fds) {
1056 /* Make sure nothing is really destructed when we shut down */
1059 if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0) {
1060 log_error("Failed to create serialization file: %s", strerror(-r));
1064 if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
1066 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1070 if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0) {
1071 log_error("Failed to serialize state: %s", strerror(-r));
1075 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
1076 log_error("Failed to rewind serialization fd: %m");
1080 if ((r = fd_cloexec(fileno(f), false)) < 0) {
1081 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization: %s", strerror(-r));
1085 if ((r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false)) < 0) {
1086 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization fds: %s", strerror(-r));
1104 static struct dual_timestamp* parse_initrd_timestamp(struct dual_timestamp *t) {
1106 unsigned long long a, b;
1110 e = getenv("RD_TIMESTAMP");
1114 if (sscanf(e, "%llu %llu", &a, &b) != 2)
1117 t->realtime = (usec_t) a;
1118 t->monotonic = (usec_t) b;
1123 static void test_mtab(void) {
1126 /* Check that /etc/mtab is a symlink */
1128 if (readlink_malloc("/etc/mtab", &p) >= 0) {
1131 b = streq(p, "/proc/self/mounts") || streq(p, "/proc/mounts");
1138 log_warning("/etc/mtab is not a symlink or not pointing to /proc/self/mounts. "
1139 "This is not supported anymore. "
1140 "Please make sure to replace this file by a symlink to avoid incorrect or misleading mount(8) output.");
1143 static void test_usr(void) {
1145 /* Check that /usr is not a separate fs */
1147 if (dir_is_empty("/usr") <= 0)
1150 log_warning("/usr appears to be on its own filesytem and is not already mounted. This is not a supported setup. "
1151 "Some things will probably break (sometimes even silently) in mysterious ways. "
1152 "Consult http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken for more information.");
1155 static void test_cgroups(void) {
1157 if (access("/proc/cgroups", F_OK) >= 0)
1160 log_warning("CONFIG_CGROUPS was not set when your kernel was compiled. "
1161 "Systems without control groups are not supported. "
1162 "We will now sleep for 10s, and then continue boot-up. "
1163 "Expect breakage and please do not file bugs. "
1164 "Instead fix your kernel and enable CONFIG_CGROUPS. "
1165 "Consult http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/cgroups-vs-cgroups.html for more information.");
1170 static int do_switch_root(const char *switch_root) {
1173 if (path_equal(switch_root, "/"))
1176 if (chdir(switch_root) < 0) {
1181 if (mount(switch_root, "/", NULL, MS_MOVE, NULL) < 0) {
1187 if (chroot(".") < 0)
1188 log_warning("Failed to change root, ignoring: %m");
1190 /* FIXME: remove old root */
1195 log_error("Failed to switch root, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1200 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1202 int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
1203 usec_t before_startup, after_startup;
1204 char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1206 bool reexecute = false;
1207 const char *shutdown_verb = NULL;
1208 dual_timestamp initrd_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1209 static char systemd[] = "systemd";
1210 bool is_reexec = false;
1212 bool loaded_policy = false;
1213 bool arm_reboot_watchdog = false;
1214 char *switch_root = NULL, *switch_root_init = NULL;
1216 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1217 if (getpid() != 1 && strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
1218 /* This is compatibility support for SysV, where
1219 * calling init as a user is identical to telinit. */
1222 execv(SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH, argv);
1223 log_error("Failed to exec " SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH ": %m");
1228 /* Determine if this is a reexecution or normal bootup. We do
1229 * the full command line parsing much later, so let's just
1230 * have a quick peek here. */
1232 for (j = 1; j < argc; j++)
1233 if (streq(argv[j], "--deserialize")) {
1238 /* If we get started via the /sbin/init symlink then we are
1239 called 'init'. After a subsequent reexecution we are then
1240 called 'systemd'. That is confusing, hence let's call us
1241 systemd right-away. */
1242 program_invocation_short_name = systemd;
1243 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, systemd);
1248 log_show_color(isatty(STDERR_FILENO) > 0);
1249 log_show_location(false);
1250 log_set_max_level(LOG_INFO);
1252 if (getpid() == 1) {
1253 arg_running_as = MANAGER_SYSTEM;
1254 log_set_target(detect_container(NULL) > 0 ? LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL : LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
1257 if (selinux_setup(&loaded_policy) < 0)
1259 if (ima_setup() < 0)
1265 if (label_init(NULL) < 0)
1269 if (hwclock_is_localtime() > 0) {
1272 r = hwclock_apply_localtime_delta(&min);
1274 log_error("Failed to apply local time delta, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1276 log_info("RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of %i minutes to system time.", min);
1280 arg_running_as = MANAGER_USER;
1281 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);
1285 /* Initialize default unit */
1286 if (set_default_unit(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET) < 0)
1289 /* By default, mount "cpu" and "cpuacct" together */
1290 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
1291 if (!arg_join_controllers)
1294 arg_join_controllers[0] = strv_new("cpu", "cpuacct", NULL);
1295 arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
1297 if (!arg_join_controllers[0])
1300 /* Mount /proc, /sys and friends, so that /proc/cmdline and
1301 * /proc/$PID/fd is available. */
1302 if (geteuid() == 0 && !getenv("SYSTEMD_SKIP_API_MOUNTS")) {
1303 r = mount_setup(loaded_policy);
1308 /* Reset all signal handlers. */
1309 assert_se(reset_all_signal_handlers() == 0);
1311 /* If we are init, we can block sigkill. Yay. */
1312 ignore_signals(SIGNALS_IGNORE, -1);
1314 if (parse_config_file() < 0)
1317 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
1318 if (parse_proc_cmdline() < 0)
1321 log_parse_environment();
1323 if (parse_argv(argc, argv) < 0)
1326 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST && geteuid() == 0) {
1327 log_error("Don't run test mode as root.");
1331 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM &&
1332 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1333 running_in_chroot() > 0) {
1334 log_error("Cannot be run in a chroot() environment.");
1338 if (arg_action == ACTION_HELP) {
1341 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS) {
1342 unit_dump_config_items(stdout);
1343 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1345 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DONE) {
1346 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1350 assert_se(arg_action == ACTION_RUN || arg_action == ACTION_TEST);
1352 /* Close logging fds, in order not to confuse fdset below */
1355 /* Remember open file descriptors for later deserialization */
1356 if (serialization) {
1357 r = fdset_new_fill(&fds);
1359 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1363 assert_se(fdset_remove(fds, fileno(serialization)) >= 0);
1365 close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
1367 /* Set up PATH unless it is already set */
1369 #ifdef HAVE_SPLIT_USR
1370 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
1372 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin",
1374 arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM);
1376 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
1377 /* Parse the data passed to us. We leave this
1378 * variables set, but the manager later on will not
1379 * pass them on to our children. */
1380 parse_initrd_timestamp(&initrd_timestamp);
1382 /* Unset some environment variables passed in from the
1383 * kernel that don't really make sense for us. */
1387 /* When we are invoked by a shell, these might be set,
1388 * but make little sense to pass on */
1393 /* When we are invoked by a tool chroot-like such as
1394 * nspawn, these might be set, but make little sense
1397 unsetenv("LOGNAME");
1399 /* All other variables are left as is, so that clients
1400 * can still read them via /proc/1/environ */
1403 /* Move out of the way, so that we won't block unmounts */
1404 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
1406 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
1407 /* Become a session leader if we aren't one yet. */
1410 /* Disable the umask logic */
1414 /* Make sure D-Bus doesn't fiddle with the SIGPIPE handlers */
1415 dbus_connection_set_change_sigpipe(FALSE);
1417 /* Reset the console, but only if this is really init and we
1418 * are freshly booted */
1419 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && arg_action == ACTION_RUN) {
1420 console_setup(getpid() == 1 && !is_reexec);
1424 /* Open the logging devices, if possible and necessary */
1427 /* Make sure we leave a core dump without panicing the
1430 install_crash_handler();
1432 if (geteuid() == 0 && !getenv("SYSTEMD_SKIP_API_MOUNTS")) {
1433 r = mount_cgroup_controllers(arg_join_controllers);
1438 log_full(arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1439 PACKAGE_STRING " running in %s mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES "; " DISTRIBUTION ")", manager_running_as_to_string(arg_running_as));
1441 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && !is_reexec) {
1444 if (arg_show_status || plymouth_running())
1457 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && arg_runtime_watchdog > 0)
1458 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_runtime_watchdog);
1460 r = manager_new(arg_running_as, &m);
1462 log_error("Failed to allocate manager object: %s", strerror(-r));
1466 m->confirm_spawn = arg_confirm_spawn;
1467 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1468 m->sysv_console = arg_sysv_console;
1470 m->default_std_output = arg_default_std_output;
1471 m->default_std_error = arg_default_std_error;
1472 m->runtime_watchdog = arg_runtime_watchdog;
1473 m->shutdown_watchdog = arg_shutdown_watchdog;
1475 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&initrd_timestamp))
1476 m->initrd_timestamp = initrd_timestamp;
1478 if (arg_default_controllers)
1479 manager_set_default_controllers(m, arg_default_controllers);
1481 manager_set_show_status(m, arg_show_status);
1483 before_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1485 r = manager_startup(m, serialization, fds);
1487 log_error("Failed to fully start up daemon: %s", strerror(-r));
1490 /* This will close all file descriptors that were opened, but
1491 * not claimed by any unit. */
1497 if (serialization) {
1498 fclose(serialization);
1499 serialization = NULL;
1502 Unit *target = NULL;
1503 Job *default_unit_job;
1505 dbus_error_init(&error);
1507 log_debug("Activating default unit: %s", arg_default_unit);
1509 r = manager_load_unit(m, arg_default_unit, NULL, &error, &target);
1511 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1512 dbus_error_free(&error);
1513 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR)
1514 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1515 else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED)
1516 log_error("Default target masked.");
1518 if (!target || target->load_state != UNIT_LOADED) {
1519 log_info("Trying to load rescue target...");
1521 r = manager_load_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, NULL, &error, &target);
1523 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1524 dbus_error_free(&error);
1526 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1527 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1529 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1530 log_error("Rescue target masked.");
1535 assert(target->load_state == UNIT_LOADED);
1537 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1538 printf("-> By units:\n");
1539 manager_dump_units(m, stdout, "\t");
1542 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_REPLACE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1544 log_error("Failed to start default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1545 dbus_error_free(&error);
1548 m->default_unit_job_id = default_unit_job->id;
1550 after_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1551 log_full(arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1552 "Loaded units and determined initial transaction in %s.",
1553 format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), after_startup - before_startup));
1555 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1556 printf("-> By jobs:\n");
1557 manager_dump_jobs(m, stdout, "\t");
1558 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1564 r = manager_loop(m);
1566 log_error("Failed to run mainloop: %s", strerror(-r));
1570 switch (m->exit_code) {
1573 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1577 case MANAGER_RELOAD:
1578 log_info("Reloading.");
1579 r = manager_reload(m);
1581 log_error("Failed to reload: %s", strerror(-r));
1584 case MANAGER_REEXECUTE:
1586 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds) < 0)
1590 log_notice("Reexecuting.");
1593 case MANAGER_SWITCH_ROOT:
1594 /* Steal the switch root parameters */
1595 switch_root = m->switch_root;
1596 switch_root_init = m->switch_root_init;
1597 m->switch_root = m->switch_root_init = NULL;
1599 if (!switch_root_init)
1600 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds) < 0)
1604 log_notice("Switching root.");
1607 case MANAGER_REBOOT:
1608 case MANAGER_POWEROFF:
1610 case MANAGER_KEXEC: {
1611 static const char * const table[_MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_MAX] = {
1612 [MANAGER_REBOOT] = "reboot",
1613 [MANAGER_POWEROFF] = "poweroff",
1614 [MANAGER_HALT] = "halt",
1615 [MANAGER_KEXEC] = "kexec"
1618 assert_se(shutdown_verb = table[m->exit_code]);
1619 arm_reboot_watchdog = m->exit_code == MANAGER_REBOOT;
1621 log_notice("Shutting down.");
1626 assert_not_reached("Unknown exit code.");
1634 free(arg_default_unit);
1635 strv_free(arg_default_controllers);
1636 free_join_controllers();
1643 unsigned i, args_size;
1645 /* Close and disarm the watchdog, so that the new
1646 * instance can reinitialize it, but doesn't get
1647 * rebooted while we do that */
1648 watchdog_close(true);
1651 do_switch_root(switch_root);
1653 args_size = MAX(5, argc+1);
1654 args = newa(const char*, args_size);
1656 if (!switch_root_init) {
1659 /* First try to spawn ourselves with the right
1660 * path, and with full serialization. We do
1661 * this only if the user didn't specify an
1662 * explicit init to spawn. */
1664 assert(serialization);
1667 snprintf(sfd, sizeof(sfd), "%i", fileno(serialization));
1671 args[i++] = SYSTEMD_BINARY_PATH;
1672 args[i++] = arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user";
1673 args[i++] = "--deserialize";
1677 assert(i <= args_size);
1678 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1681 /* Try the fallback, if there is any, without any
1682 * serialization. We pass the original argv[] and
1683 * envp[]. (Well, modulo the ordering changes due to
1684 * getopt() in argv[], and some cleanups in envp[],
1685 * but let's hope that doesn't matter.) */
1688 fclose(serialization);
1694 args[i++] = switch_root_init ? switch_root_init : "/sbin/init";
1695 for (j = 1; j < argc; j++)
1696 args[i++] = argv[j];
1699 assert(i <= args_size);
1700 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1702 log_error("Failed to reexecute: %m");
1706 fclose(serialization);
1711 if (shutdown_verb) {
1712 const char * command_line[] = {
1713 SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH,
1719 if (arm_reboot_watchdog && arg_shutdown_watchdog > 0) {
1722 /* If we reboot let's set the shutdown
1723 * watchdog and tell the shutdown binary to
1724 * repeatedly ping it */
1725 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1726 watchdog_close(false);
1728 /* Tell the binary how often to ping */
1729 snprintf(e, sizeof(e), "WATCHDOG_USEC=%llu", (unsigned long long) arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1732 env_block = strv_append(environ, e);
1734 env_block = strv_copy(environ);
1735 watchdog_close(true);
1738 execve(SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH, (char **) command_line, env_block);
1740 log_error("Failed to execute shutdown binary, freezing: %m");