1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
26 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include <sys/prctl.h>
33 #include <sys/mount.h>
35 #ifdef HAVE_VALGRIND_VALGRIND_H
36 #include <valgrind/valgrind.h>
42 #include "sd-daemon.h"
43 #include "sd-messages.h"
48 #include "conf-parser.h"
56 #include "architecture.h"
58 #include "path-util.h"
59 #include "switch-root.h"
60 #include "capability.h"
63 #include "clock-util.h"
65 #include "bus-error.h"
67 #include "selinux-util.h"
69 #include "dbus-manager.h"
70 #include "load-fragment.h"
72 #include "mount-setup.h"
73 #include "loopback-setup.h"
74 #include "hostname-setup.h"
75 #include "machine-id-setup.h"
76 #include "selinux-setup.h"
77 #include "ima-setup.h"
78 #include "smack-setup.h"
79 #include "kmod-setup.h"
86 ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
88 } arg_action = ACTION_RUN;
89 static char *arg_default_unit = NULL;
90 static SystemdRunningAs arg_running_as = _SYSTEMD_RUNNING_AS_INVALID;
91 static bool arg_dump_core = true;
92 static bool arg_crash_shell = false;
93 static int arg_crash_chvt = -1;
94 static bool arg_confirm_spawn = false;
95 static ShowStatus arg_show_status = _SHOW_STATUS_UNSET;
96 static bool arg_switched_root = false;
97 static int arg_no_pager = -1;
98 static char ***arg_join_controllers = NULL;
99 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_output = EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL;
100 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_error = EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT;
101 static usec_t arg_default_restart_usec = DEFAULT_RESTART_USEC;
102 static usec_t arg_default_timeout_start_usec = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC;
103 static usec_t arg_default_timeout_stop_usec = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_USEC;
104 static usec_t arg_default_start_limit_interval = DEFAULT_START_LIMIT_INTERVAL;
105 static unsigned arg_default_start_limit_burst = DEFAULT_START_LIMIT_BURST;
106 static usec_t arg_runtime_watchdog = 0;
107 static usec_t arg_shutdown_watchdog = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
108 static char **arg_default_environment = NULL;
109 static struct rlimit *arg_default_rlimit[_RLIMIT_MAX] = {};
110 static uint64_t arg_capability_bounding_set_drop = 0;
111 static nsec_t arg_timer_slack_nsec = NSEC_INFINITY;
112 static usec_t arg_default_timer_accuracy_usec = 1 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
113 static Set* arg_syscall_archs = NULL;
114 static FILE* arg_serialization = NULL;
115 static bool arg_default_cpu_accounting = false;
116 static bool arg_default_blockio_accounting = false;
117 static bool arg_default_memory_accounting = false;
119 static void nop_handler(int sig) {}
121 static void pager_open_if_enabled(void) {
123 if (arg_no_pager <= 0)
129 noreturn static void crash(int sig) {
132 /* Pass this on immediately, if this is not PID 1 */
134 else if (!arg_dump_core)
135 log_emergency("Caught <%s>, not dumping core.", signal_to_string(sig));
137 struct sigaction sa = {
138 .sa_handler = nop_handler,
139 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
143 /* We want to wait for the core process, hence let's enable SIGCHLD */
144 sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
146 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD, NULL);
148 log_emergency_errno(errno, "Caught <%s>, cannot fork for core dump: %m", signal_to_string(sig));
151 struct rlimit rl = {};
153 /* Enable default signal handler for core dump */
155 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
156 sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL);
158 /* Don't limit the core dump size */
159 rl.rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
160 rl.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
161 setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rl);
163 /* Just to be sure... */
166 /* Raise the signal again */
168 kill(pid, sig); /* raise() would kill the parent */
170 assert_not_reached("We shouldn't be here...");
176 /* Order things nicely. */
177 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
179 log_emergency_errno(r, "Caught <%s>, waitpid() failed: %m", signal_to_string(sig));
180 else if (status.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
181 log_emergency("Caught <%s>, core dump failed (child "PID_FMT", code=%s, status=%i/%s).",
182 signal_to_string(sig),
183 pid, sigchld_code_to_string(status.si_code),
185 strna(status.si_code == CLD_EXITED
186 ? exit_status_to_string(status.si_status, EXIT_STATUS_FULL)
187 : signal_to_string(status.si_status)));
189 log_emergency("Caught <%s>, dumped core as pid "PID_FMT".", signal_to_string(sig), pid);
194 chvt(arg_crash_chvt);
196 if (arg_crash_shell) {
197 struct sigaction sa = {
198 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
199 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT|SA_RESTART,
203 log_info("Executing crash shell in 10s...");
206 /* Let the kernel reap children for us */
207 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
209 pid = raw_clone(SIGCHLD, NULL);
211 log_emergency_errno(errno, "Failed to fork off crash shell: %m");
213 make_console_stdio();
214 execle("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", NULL, environ);
216 log_emergency_errno(errno, "execle() failed: %m");
219 log_info("Successfully spawned crash shell as PID "PID_FMT".", pid);
222 log_emergency("Freezing execution.");
226 static void install_crash_handler(void) {
227 struct sigaction sa = {
229 .sa_flags = SA_NODEFER,
232 sigaction_many(&sa, SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER, -1);
235 static int console_setup(void) {
236 _cleanup_close_ int tty_fd = -1;
239 tty_fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
241 return log_error_errno(tty_fd, "Failed to open /dev/console: %m");
243 /* We don't want to force text mode. plymouth may be showing
244 * pictures already from initrd. */
245 r = reset_terminal_fd(tty_fd, false);
247 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reset /dev/console: %m");
252 static int set_default_unit(const char *u) {
261 free(arg_default_unit);
262 arg_default_unit = c;
267 static int parse_proc_cmdline_item(const char *key, const char *value) {
269 static const char * const rlmap[] = {
270 "emergency", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
271 "-b", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
272 "rescue", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
273 "single", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
274 "-s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
275 "s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
276 "S", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
277 "1", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
278 "2", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
279 "3", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
280 "4", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
281 "5", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
287 if (streq(key, "systemd.unit") && value) {
290 return set_default_unit(value);
292 } else if (streq(key, "rd.systemd.unit") && value) {
295 return set_default_unit(value);
297 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.dump_core") && value) {
299 r = parse_boolean(value);
301 log_warning("Failed to parse dump core switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
305 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.crash_shell") && value) {
307 r = parse_boolean(value);
309 log_warning("Failed to parse crash shell switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
313 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.crash_chvt") && value) {
315 if (safe_atoi(value, &r) < 0)
316 log_warning("Failed to parse crash chvt switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
320 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.confirm_spawn") && value) {
322 r = parse_boolean(value);
324 log_warning("Failed to parse confirm spawn switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
326 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
328 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.show_status") && value) {
330 r = parse_show_status(value, &arg_show_status);
332 log_warning("Failed to parse show status switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
334 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.default_standard_output") && value) {
336 r = exec_output_from_string(value);
338 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard output switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
340 arg_default_std_output = r;
342 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.default_standard_error") && value) {
344 r = exec_output_from_string(value);
346 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard error switch %s. Ignoring.", value);
348 arg_default_std_error = r;
350 } else if (streq(key, "systemd.setenv") && value) {
352 if (env_assignment_is_valid(value)) {
355 env = strv_env_set(arg_default_environment, value);
357 arg_default_environment = env;
359 log_warning_errno(ENOMEM, "Setting environment variable '%s' failed, ignoring: %m", value);
361 log_warning("Environment variable name '%s' is not valid. Ignoring.", value);
363 } else if (streq(key, "quiet") && !value) {
365 log_set_max_level(LOG_NOTICE);
367 if (arg_show_status == _SHOW_STATUS_UNSET)
368 arg_show_status = SHOW_STATUS_AUTO;
370 } else if (streq(key, "debug") && !value) {
372 /* Note that log_parse_environment() handles 'debug'
373 * too, and sets the log level to LOG_DEBUG. */
375 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0)
376 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
378 } else if (!in_initrd() && !value) {
381 /* SysV compatibility */
382 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(rlmap); i += 2)
383 if (streq(key, rlmap[i]))
384 return set_default_unit(rlmap[i+1]);
390 #define DEFINE_SETTER(name, func, descr) \
391 static int name(const char *unit, \
392 const char *filename, \
394 const char *section, \
395 unsigned section_line, \
396 const char *lvalue, \
398 const char *rvalue, \
410 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, -r, \
411 "Invalid " descr "'%s': %s", \
412 rvalue, strerror(-r)); \
417 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_level2, log_set_max_level_from_string, "log level")
418 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_target, log_set_target_from_string, "target")
419 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_color, log_show_color_from_string, "color" )
420 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_location, log_show_location_from_string, "location")
422 static int config_parse_cpu_affinity2(
424 const char *filename,
427 unsigned section_line,
434 const char *word, *state;
443 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(word, l, rvalue, state) {
448 if (!(t = strndup(word, l)))
451 r = safe_atou(t, &cpu);
455 if (!(c = cpu_set_malloc(&ncpus)))
458 if (r < 0 || cpu >= ncpus) {
459 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, -r,
460 "Failed to parse CPU affinity '%s'", rvalue);
465 CPU_SET_S(cpu, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c);
468 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, EINVAL,
469 "Trailing garbage, ignoring.");
472 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c) < 0)
473 log_unit_warning(unit, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
481 static int config_parse_show_status(
483 const char *filename,
486 unsigned section_line,
494 ShowStatus *b = data;
501 k = parse_show_status(rvalue, b);
503 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, -k,
504 "Failed to parse show status setting, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
511 static void strv_free_free(char ***l) {
523 static void free_join_controllers(void) {
524 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
525 arg_join_controllers = NULL;
528 static int config_parse_join_controllers(const char *unit,
529 const char *filename,
532 unsigned section_line,
540 const char *word, *state;
547 free_join_controllers();
549 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(word, length, rvalue, state) {
552 s = strndup(word, length);
556 l = strv_split(s, ",");
561 if (strv_length(l) <= 1) {
566 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
567 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
568 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
573 arg_join_controllers[0] = l;
574 arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
581 t = new0(char**, n+2);
589 for (a = arg_join_controllers; *a; a++) {
591 if (strv_overlap(*a, l)) {
592 if (strv_extend_strv(&l, *a) < 0) {
612 t[n++] = strv_uniq(l);
614 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
615 arg_join_controllers = t;
619 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, EINVAL,
620 "Trailing garbage, ignoring.");
625 static int parse_config_file(void) {
627 const ConfigTableItem items[] = {
628 { "Manager", "LogLevel", config_parse_level2, 0, NULL },
629 { "Manager", "LogTarget", config_parse_target, 0, NULL },
630 { "Manager", "LogColor", config_parse_color, 0, NULL },
631 { "Manager", "LogLocation", config_parse_location, 0, NULL },
632 { "Manager", "DumpCore", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_dump_core },
633 { "Manager", "CrashShell", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_crash_shell },
634 { "Manager", "ShowStatus", config_parse_show_status, 0, &arg_show_status },
635 { "Manager", "CrashChVT", config_parse_int, 0, &arg_crash_chvt },
636 { "Manager", "CPUAffinity", config_parse_cpu_affinity2, 0, NULL },
637 { "Manager", "JoinControllers", config_parse_join_controllers, 0, &arg_join_controllers },
638 { "Manager", "RuntimeWatchdogSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_runtime_watchdog },
639 { "Manager", "ShutdownWatchdogSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_shutdown_watchdog },
640 { "Manager", "CapabilityBoundingSet", config_parse_bounding_set, 0, &arg_capability_bounding_set_drop },
642 { "Manager", "SystemCallArchitectures", config_parse_syscall_archs, 0, &arg_syscall_archs },
644 { "Manager", "TimerSlackNSec", config_parse_nsec, 0, &arg_timer_slack_nsec },
645 { "Manager", "DefaultTimerAccuracySec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_timer_accuracy_usec },
646 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardOutput", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_output },
647 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardError", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_error },
648 { "Manager", "DefaultTimeoutStartSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_timeout_start_usec },
649 { "Manager", "DefaultTimeoutStopSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_timeout_stop_usec },
650 { "Manager", "DefaultRestartSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_restart_usec },
651 { "Manager", "DefaultStartLimitInterval", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_default_start_limit_interval },
652 { "Manager", "DefaultStartLimitBurst", config_parse_unsigned, 0, &arg_default_start_limit_burst },
653 { "Manager", "DefaultEnvironment", config_parse_environ, 0, &arg_default_environment },
654 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCPU", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_CPU] },
655 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitFSIZE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_FSIZE] },
656 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitDATA", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_DATA] },
657 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSTACK", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_STACK] },
658 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCORE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_CORE] },
659 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRSS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS] },
660 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNOFILE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE] },
661 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitAS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_AS] },
662 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNPROC", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC] },
663 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMEMLOCK", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] },
664 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitLOCKS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_LOCKS] },
665 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSIGPENDING", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] },
666 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMSGQUEUE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] },
667 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNICE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NICE] },
668 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTPRIO", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RTPRIO] },
669 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTTIME", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RTTIME] },
670 { "Manager", "DefaultCPUAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_cpu_accounting },
671 { "Manager", "DefaultBlockIOAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_blockio_accounting },
672 { "Manager", "DefaultMemoryAccounting", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_default_memory_accounting },
676 const char *fn, *conf_dirs_nulstr;
678 fn = arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM ? PKGSYSCONFDIR "/system.conf" : PKGSYSCONFDIR "/user.conf";
679 conf_dirs_nulstr = arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM ? CONF_DIRS_NULSTR("systemd/system.conf") : CONF_DIRS_NULSTR("systemd/user.conf");
680 config_parse_many(fn, conf_dirs_nulstr, "Manager\0",
681 config_item_table_lookup, items, false, NULL);
686 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
689 ARG_LOG_LEVEL = 0x100,
699 ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
706 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT,
707 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
710 static const struct option options[] = {
711 { "log-level", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LEVEL },
712 { "log-target", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_TARGET },
713 { "log-color", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_COLOR },
714 { "log-location", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LOCATION },
715 { "unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UNIT },
716 { "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },
717 { "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },
718 { "test", no_argument, NULL, ARG_TEST },
719 { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
720 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
721 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
722 { "dump-configuration-items", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS },
723 { "dump-core", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CORE },
724 { "crash-shell", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CRASH_SHELL },
725 { "confirm-spawn", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN },
726 { "show-status", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_STATUS },
727 { "deserialize", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DESERIALIZE },
728 { "switched-root", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT },
729 { "default-standard-output", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT, },
730 { "default-standard-error", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR, },
742 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hDbsz:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
747 r = log_set_max_level_from_string(optarg);
749 log_error("Failed to parse log level %s.", optarg);
756 r = log_set_target_from_string(optarg);
758 log_error("Failed to parse log target %s.", optarg);
767 r = log_show_color_from_string(optarg);
769 log_error("Failed to parse log color setting %s.", optarg);
773 log_show_color(true);
777 case ARG_LOG_LOCATION:
779 r = log_show_location_from_string(optarg);
781 log_error("Failed to parse log location setting %s.", optarg);
785 log_show_location(true);
789 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT:
790 r = exec_output_from_string(optarg);
792 log_error("Failed to parse default standard output setting %s.", optarg);
795 arg_default_std_output = r;
798 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR:
799 r = exec_output_from_string(optarg);
801 log_error("Failed to parse default standard error output setting %s.", optarg);
804 arg_default_std_error = r;
809 r = set_default_unit(optarg);
811 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set default unit %s: %m", optarg);
816 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
820 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_USER;
824 arg_action = ACTION_TEST;
825 if (arg_no_pager < 0)
834 arg_action = ACTION_VERSION;
837 case ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS:
838 arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS;
842 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
844 log_error("Failed to parse dump core boolean %s.", optarg);
850 case ARG_CRASH_SHELL:
851 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
853 log_error("Failed to parse crash shell boolean %s.", optarg);
859 case ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN:
860 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
862 log_error("Failed to parse confirm spawn boolean %s.", optarg);
865 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
868 case ARG_SHOW_STATUS:
870 r = parse_show_status(optarg, &arg_show_status);
872 log_error("Failed to parse show status boolean %s.", optarg);
876 arg_show_status = SHOW_STATUS_YES;
879 case ARG_DESERIALIZE: {
883 r = safe_atoi(optarg, &fd);
884 if (r < 0 || fd < 0) {
885 log_error("Failed to parse deserialize option %s.", optarg);
886 return r < 0 ? r : -EINVAL;
889 fd_cloexec(fd, true);
893 return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open serialization fd: %m");
895 if (arg_serialization)
896 fclose(arg_serialization);
898 arg_serialization = f;
903 case ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT:
904 arg_switched_root = true;
908 arg_action = ACTION_HELP;
909 if (arg_no_pager < 0)
914 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
920 /* Just to eat away the sysvinit kernel
921 * cmdline args without getopt() error
922 * messages that we'll parse in
923 * parse_proc_cmdline_word() or ignore. */
932 assert_not_reached("Unhandled option code.");
935 if (optind < argc && getpid() != 1) {
936 /* Hmm, when we aren't run as init system
937 * let's complain about excess arguments */
939 log_error("Excess arguments.");
946 static int help(void) {
948 printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
949 "Starts up and maintains the system or user services.\n\n"
950 " -h --help Show this help\n"
951 " --test Determine startup sequence, dump it and exit\n"
952 " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
953 " --dump-configuration-items Dump understood unit configuration items\n"
954 " --unit=UNIT Set default unit\n"
955 " --system Run a system instance, even if PID != 1\n"
956 " --user Run a user instance\n"
957 " --dump-core[=0|1] Dump core on crash\n"
958 " --crash-shell[=0|1] Run shell on crash\n"
959 " --confirm-spawn[=0|1] Ask for confirmation when spawning processes\n"
960 " --show-status[=0|1] Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
961 " --log-target=TARGET Set log target (console, journal, kmsg, journal-or-kmsg, null)\n"
962 " --log-level=LEVEL Set log level (debug, info, notice, warning, err, crit, alert, emerg)\n"
963 " --log-color[=0|1] Highlight important log messages\n"
964 " --log-location[=0|1] Include code location in log messages\n"
965 " --default-standard-output= Set default standard output for services\n"
966 " --default-standard-error= Set default standard error output for services\n",
967 program_invocation_short_name);
972 static int version(void) {
973 puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
974 puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
979 static int prepare_reexecute(Manager *m, FILE **_f, FDSet **_fds, bool switching_root) {
988 r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f);
990 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create serialization file: %m");
994 /* Make sure nothing is really destructed when we shut down */
996 bus_manager_send_reloading(m, true);
1001 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate fd set: %m");
1005 r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds, switching_root);
1007 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to serialize state: %m");
1011 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
1012 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to rewind serialization fd: %m");
1016 r = fd_cloexec(fileno(f), false);
1018 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization: %m");
1022 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
1024 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization fds: %m");
1042 static int bump_rlimit_nofile(struct rlimit *saved_rlimit) {
1046 assert(saved_rlimit);
1048 /* Save the original RLIMIT_NOFILE so that we can reset it
1049 * later when transitioning from the initrd to the main
1050 * systemd or suchlike. */
1051 if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, saved_rlimit) < 0)
1052 return log_error_errno(errno, "Reading RLIMIT_NOFILE failed: %m");
1054 /* Make sure forked processes get the default kernel setting */
1055 if (!arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE]) {
1058 rl = newdup(struct rlimit, saved_rlimit, 1);
1062 arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE] = rl;
1065 /* Bump up the resource limit for ourselves substantially */
1066 nl.rlim_cur = nl.rlim_max = 64*1024;
1067 r = setrlimit_closest(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &nl);
1069 return log_error_errno(r, "Setting RLIMIT_NOFILE failed: %m");
1074 static void test_mtab(void) {
1076 static const char ok[] =
1077 "/proc/self/mounts\0"
1079 "../proc/self/mounts\0"
1082 _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
1085 /* Check that /etc/mtab is a symlink to the right place or
1086 * non-existing. But certainly not a file, or a symlink to
1087 * some weird place... */
1089 r = readlink_malloc("/etc/mtab", &p);
1092 if (r >= 0 && nulstr_contains(ok, p))
1095 log_warning("/etc/mtab is not a symlink or not pointing to /proc/self/mounts. "
1096 "This is not supported anymore. "
1097 "Please make sure to replace this file by a symlink to avoid incorrect or misleading mount(8) output.");
1100 static void test_usr(void) {
1102 /* Check that /usr is not a separate fs */
1104 if (dir_is_empty("/usr") <= 0)
1107 log_warning("/usr appears to be on its own filesytem and is not already mounted. This is not a supported setup. "
1108 "Some things will probably break (sometimes even silently) in mysterious ways. "
1109 "Consult http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken for more information.");
1112 static int initialize_join_controllers(void) {
1113 /* By default, mount "cpu" + "cpuacct" together, and "net_cls"
1114 * + "net_prio". We'd like to add "cpuset" to the mix, but
1115 * "cpuset" does't really work for groups with no initialized
1118 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 3);
1119 if (!arg_join_controllers)
1122 arg_join_controllers[0] = strv_new("cpu", "cpuacct", NULL);
1123 arg_join_controllers[1] = strv_new("net_cls", "net_prio", NULL);
1124 arg_join_controllers[2] = NULL;
1126 if (!arg_join_controllers[0] || !arg_join_controllers[1]) {
1127 free_join_controllers();
1134 static int enforce_syscall_archs(Set *archs) {
1136 scmp_filter_ctx *seccomp;
1141 seccomp = seccomp_init(SCMP_ACT_ALLOW);
1145 SET_FOREACH(id, arg_syscall_archs, i) {
1146 r = seccomp_arch_add(seccomp, PTR_TO_UINT32(id) - 1);
1150 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add architecture to seccomp: %m");
1155 r = seccomp_attr_set(seccomp, SCMP_FLTATR_CTL_NNP, 0);
1157 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset NO_NEW_PRIVS: %m");
1161 r = seccomp_load(seccomp);
1163 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add install architecture seccomp: %m");
1166 seccomp_release(seccomp);
1173 static int status_welcome(void) {
1174 _cleanup_free_ char *pretty_name = NULL, *ansi_color = NULL;
1177 r = parse_env_file("/etc/os-release", NEWLINE,
1178 "PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name,
1179 "ANSI_COLOR", &ansi_color,
1182 r = parse_env_file("/usr/lib/os-release", NEWLINE,
1183 "PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name,
1184 "ANSI_COLOR", &ansi_color,
1188 if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT)
1189 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to read os-release file: %m");
1191 return status_printf(NULL, false, false,
1192 "\nWelcome to \x1B[%sm%s\x1B[0m!\n",
1193 isempty(ansi_color) ? "1" : ansi_color,
1194 isempty(pretty_name) ? "Linux" : pretty_name);
1197 static int write_container_id(void) {
1200 c = getenv("container");
1204 return write_string_file("/run/systemd/container", c);
1207 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1209 int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
1210 usec_t before_startup, after_startup;
1211 char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1213 bool reexecute = false;
1214 const char *shutdown_verb = NULL;
1215 dual_timestamp initrd_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1216 dual_timestamp userspace_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1217 dual_timestamp kernel_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1218 dual_timestamp security_start_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1219 dual_timestamp security_finish_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1220 static char systemd[] = "systemd";
1221 bool skip_setup = false;
1223 bool loaded_policy = false;
1224 bool arm_reboot_watchdog = false;
1225 bool queue_default_job = false;
1226 bool empty_etc = false;
1227 char *switch_root_dir = NULL, *switch_root_init = NULL;
1228 static struct rlimit saved_rlimit_nofile = { 0, 0 };
1229 const char *error_message = NULL;
1231 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1232 if (getpid() != 1 && strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
1233 /* This is compatibility support for SysV, where
1234 * calling init as a user is identical to telinit. */
1237 execv(SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH, argv);
1238 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to exec " SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH ": %m");
1243 dual_timestamp_from_monotonic(&kernel_timestamp, 0);
1244 dual_timestamp_get(&userspace_timestamp);
1246 /* Determine if this is a reexecution or normal bootup. We do
1247 * the full command line parsing much later, so let's just
1248 * have a quick peek here. */
1249 if (strv_find(argv+1, "--deserialize"))
1252 /* If we have switched root, do all the special setup
1254 if (strv_find(argv+1, "--switched-root"))
1257 /* If we get started via the /sbin/init symlink then we are
1258 called 'init'. After a subsequent reexecution we are then
1259 called 'systemd'. That is confusing, hence let's call us
1260 systemd right-away. */
1261 program_invocation_short_name = systemd;
1262 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, systemd);
1267 log_show_color(isatty(STDERR_FILENO) > 0);
1268 log_set_upgrade_syslog_to_journal(true);
1270 /* Disable the umask logic */
1274 if (getpid() == 1 && detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
1276 /* Running outside of a container as PID 1 */
1277 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
1279 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
1283 initrd_timestamp = userspace_timestamp;
1286 mount_setup_early();
1287 dual_timestamp_get(&security_start_timestamp);
1288 if (mac_selinux_setup(&loaded_policy) < 0) {
1289 error_message = "Failed to load SELinux policy";
1291 } else if (ima_setup() < 0) {
1292 error_message = "Failed to load IMA policy";
1294 } else if (mac_smack_setup(&loaded_policy) < 0) {
1295 error_message = "Failed to load SMACK policy";
1298 dual_timestamp_get(&security_finish_timestamp);
1301 if (mac_selinux_init(NULL) < 0) {
1302 error_message = "Failed to initialize SELinux policy";
1307 if (clock_is_localtime() > 0) {
1311 * The very first call of settimeofday() also does a time warp in the kernel.
1313 * In the rtc-in-local time mode, we set the kernel's timezone, and rely on
1314 * external tools to take care of maintaining the RTC and do all adjustments.
1315 * This matches the behavior of Windows, which leaves the RTC alone if the
1316 * registry tells that the RTC runs in UTC.
1318 r = clock_set_timezone(&min);
1320 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to apply local time delta, ignoring: %m");
1322 log_info("RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of %i minutes to system time.", min);
1323 } else if (!in_initrd()) {
1325 * Do a dummy very first call to seal the kernel's time warp magic.
1327 * Do not call this this from inside the initrd. The initrd might not
1328 * carry /etc/adjtime with LOCAL, but the real system could be set up
1329 * that way. In such case, we need to delay the time-warp or the sealing
1330 * until we reach the real system.
1332 * Do no set the kernel's timezone. The concept of local time cannot
1333 * be supported reliably, the time will jump or be incorrect at every daylight
1334 * saving time change. All kernel local time concepts will be treated
1337 clock_reset_timewarp();
1341 /* Set the default for later on, but don't actually
1342 * open the logs like this for now. Note that if we
1343 * are transitioning from the initrd there might still
1344 * be journal fd open, and we shouldn't attempt
1345 * opening that before we parsed /proc/cmdline which
1346 * might redirect output elsewhere. */
1347 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
1349 } else if (getpid() == 1) {
1350 /* Running inside a container, as PID 1 */
1351 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
1352 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
1353 log_close_console(); /* force reopen of /dev/console */
1356 /* For the later on, see above... */
1357 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL);
1359 /* clear the kernel timestamp,
1360 * because we are in a container */
1361 kernel_timestamp.monotonic = 0ULL;
1362 kernel_timestamp.realtime = 0ULL;
1365 /* Running as user instance */
1366 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_USER;
1367 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);
1370 /* clear the kernel timestamp,
1371 * because we are not PID 1 */
1372 kernel_timestamp.monotonic = 0ULL;
1373 kernel_timestamp.realtime = 0ULL;
1376 /* Initialize default unit */
1377 r = set_default_unit(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET);
1379 log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to set default unit %s: %m", SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET);
1380 error_message = "Failed to set default unit";
1384 r = initialize_join_controllers();
1386 error_message = "Failed to initalize cgroup controllers";
1390 /* Mount /proc, /sys and friends, so that /proc/cmdline and
1391 * /proc/$PID/fd is available. */
1392 if (getpid() == 1) {
1394 /* Load the kernel modules early, so that we kdbus.ko is loaded before kdbusfs shall be mounted */
1398 r = mount_setup(loaded_policy);
1400 error_message = "Failed to mount API filesystems";
1405 /* Reset all signal handlers. */
1406 assert_se(reset_all_signal_handlers() == 0);
1408 ignore_signals(SIGNALS_IGNORE, -1);
1410 if (parse_config_file() < 0) {
1411 error_message = "Failed to parse config file";
1415 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1416 r = parse_proc_cmdline(parse_proc_cmdline_item);
1418 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse kernel command line, ignoring: %m");
1421 /* Note that this also parses bits from the kernel command
1422 * line, including "debug". */
1423 log_parse_environment();
1425 if (parse_argv(argc, argv) < 0) {
1426 error_message = "Failed to parse commandline arguments";
1430 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST &&
1432 log_error("Don't run test mode as root.");
1436 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_USER &&
1437 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1439 log_error("Trying to run as user instance, but the system has not been booted with systemd.");
1443 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM &&
1444 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1445 running_in_chroot() > 0) {
1446 log_error("Cannot be run in a chroot() environment.");
1450 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST)
1453 pager_open_if_enabled();
1455 if (arg_action == ACTION_HELP) {
1458 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_VERSION) {
1461 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS) {
1462 unit_dump_config_items(stdout);
1463 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1465 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DONE) {
1466 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1470 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_USER &&
1471 !getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR")) {
1472 log_error("Trying to run as user instance, but $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is not set.");
1476 assert_se(arg_action == ACTION_RUN || arg_action == ACTION_TEST);
1478 /* Close logging fds, in order not to confuse fdset below */
1481 /* Remember open file descriptors for later deserialization */
1482 r = fdset_new_fill(&fds);
1484 log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to allocate fd set: %m");
1485 error_message = "Failed to allocate fd set";
1488 fdset_cloexec(fds, true);
1490 if (arg_serialization)
1491 assert_se(fdset_remove(fds, fileno(arg_serialization)) >= 0);
1493 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM)
1494 /* Become a session leader if we aren't one yet. */
1497 /* Move out of the way, so that we won't block unmounts */
1498 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
1500 /* Reset the console, but only if this is really init and we
1501 * are freshly booted */
1502 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && arg_action == ACTION_RUN) {
1504 /* If we are init, we connect stdin/stdout/stderr to
1505 * /dev/null and make sure we don't have a controlling
1509 if (getpid() == 1 && !skip_setup)
1513 /* Open the logging devices, if possible and necessary */
1516 if (arg_show_status == _SHOW_STATUS_UNSET)
1517 arg_show_status = SHOW_STATUS_YES;
1519 /* Make sure we leave a core dump without panicing the
1521 if (getpid() == 1) {
1522 install_crash_handler();
1524 r = mount_cgroup_controllers(arg_join_controllers);
1529 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1530 const char *virtualization = NULL;
1532 log_info(PACKAGE_STRING " running in %ssystem mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES ")",
1533 arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? "test " : "" );
1535 detect_virtualization(&virtualization);
1537 log_info("Detected virtualization '%s'.", virtualization);
1539 write_container_id();
1541 log_info("Detected architecture '%s'.", architecture_to_string(uname_architecture()));
1544 log_info("Running in initial RAM disk.");
1546 /* Let's check whether /etc is already populated. We
1547 * don't actually really check for that, but use
1548 * /etc/machine-id as flag file. This allows container
1549 * managers and installers to provision a couple of
1550 * files already. If the container manager wants to
1551 * provision the machine ID itself it should pass
1552 * $container_uuid to PID 1. */
1554 empty_etc = access("/etc/machine-id", F_OK) < 0;
1556 log_info("Running with unpopulated /etc.");
1558 _cleanup_free_ char *t;
1560 t = uid_to_name(getuid());
1561 log_debug(PACKAGE_STRING " running in %suser mode for user "UID_FMT"/%s. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES ")",
1562 arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? " test" : "", getuid(), t);
1565 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && !skip_setup) {
1566 if (arg_show_status > 0 || plymouth_running())
1570 machine_id_setup(NULL);
1577 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && arg_runtime_watchdog > 0)
1578 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_runtime_watchdog);
1580 if (arg_timer_slack_nsec != NSEC_INFINITY)
1581 if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK, arg_timer_slack_nsec) < 0)
1582 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to adjust timer slack: %m");
1584 if (arg_capability_bounding_set_drop) {
1585 r = capability_bounding_set_drop_usermode(arg_capability_bounding_set_drop);
1587 log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to drop capability bounding set of usermode helpers: %m");
1588 error_message = "Failed to drop capability bounding set of usermode helpers";
1591 r = capability_bounding_set_drop(arg_capability_bounding_set_drop, true);
1593 log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to drop capability bounding set: %m");
1594 error_message = "Failed to drop capability bounding set";
1599 if (arg_syscall_archs) {
1600 r = enforce_syscall_archs(arg_syscall_archs);
1602 error_message = "Failed to set syscall architectures";
1607 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_USER) {
1608 /* Become reaper of our children */
1609 if (prctl(PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER, 1) < 0) {
1610 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to make us a subreaper: %m");
1611 if (errno == EINVAL)
1612 log_info("Perhaps the kernel version is too old (< 3.4?)");
1616 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1617 bump_rlimit_nofile(&saved_rlimit_nofile);
1620 r = unit_file_preset_all(UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM, false, NULL, UNIT_FILE_PRESET_FULL, false, NULL, 0);
1622 log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to populate /etc with preset unit settings, ignoring: %m");
1624 log_info("Populated /etc with preset unit settings.");
1628 r = manager_new(arg_running_as, arg_action == ACTION_TEST, &m);
1630 log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to allocate manager object: %m");
1631 error_message = "Failed to allocate manager object";
1635 m->confirm_spawn = arg_confirm_spawn;
1636 m->default_timer_accuracy_usec = arg_default_timer_accuracy_usec;
1637 m->default_std_output = arg_default_std_output;
1638 m->default_std_error = arg_default_std_error;
1639 m->default_restart_usec = arg_default_restart_usec;
1640 m->default_timeout_start_usec = arg_default_timeout_start_usec;
1641 m->default_timeout_stop_usec = arg_default_timeout_stop_usec;
1642 m->default_start_limit_interval = arg_default_start_limit_interval;
1643 m->default_start_limit_burst = arg_default_start_limit_burst;
1644 m->default_cpu_accounting = arg_default_cpu_accounting;
1645 m->default_blockio_accounting = arg_default_blockio_accounting;
1646 m->default_memory_accounting = arg_default_memory_accounting;
1647 m->runtime_watchdog = arg_runtime_watchdog;
1648 m->shutdown_watchdog = arg_shutdown_watchdog;
1650 m->userspace_timestamp = userspace_timestamp;
1651 m->kernel_timestamp = kernel_timestamp;
1652 m->initrd_timestamp = initrd_timestamp;
1653 m->security_start_timestamp = security_start_timestamp;
1654 m->security_finish_timestamp = security_finish_timestamp;
1656 manager_set_default_rlimits(m, arg_default_rlimit);
1657 manager_environment_add(m, NULL, arg_default_environment);
1658 manager_set_show_status(m, arg_show_status);
1659 manager_set_first_boot(m, empty_etc);
1661 /* Remember whether we should queue the default job */
1662 queue_default_job = !arg_serialization || arg_switched_root;
1664 before_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1666 r = manager_startup(m, arg_serialization, fds);
1668 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to fully start up daemon: %m");
1670 /* This will close all file descriptors that were opened, but
1671 * not claimed by any unit. */
1675 if (arg_serialization) {
1676 fclose(arg_serialization);
1677 arg_serialization = NULL;
1680 if (queue_default_job) {
1681 _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
1682 Unit *target = NULL;
1683 Job *default_unit_job;
1685 log_debug("Activating default unit: %s", arg_default_unit);
1687 r = manager_load_unit(m, arg_default_unit, NULL, &error, &target);
1689 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1690 else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR || target->load_state == UNIT_NOT_FOUND)
1691 log_error_errno(target->load_error, "Failed to load default target: %m");
1692 else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED)
1693 log_error("Default target masked.");
1695 if (!target || target->load_state != UNIT_LOADED) {
1696 log_info("Trying to load rescue target...");
1698 r = manager_load_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, NULL, &error, &target);
1700 log_emergency("Failed to load rescue target: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1701 error_message = "Failed to load rescue target";
1703 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR || target->load_state == UNIT_NOT_FOUND) {
1704 log_emergency_errno(target->load_error, "Failed to load rescue target: %m");
1705 error_message = "Failed to load rescue target";
1707 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1708 log_emergency("Rescue target masked.");
1709 error_message = "Rescue target masked";
1714 assert(target->load_state == UNIT_LOADED);
1716 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1717 printf("-> By units:\n");
1718 manager_dump_units(m, stdout, "\t");
1721 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_ISOLATE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1723 log_debug("Default target could not be isolated, starting instead: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1725 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_REPLACE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1727 log_emergency("Failed to start default target: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1728 error_message = "Failed to start default target";
1732 log_emergency("Failed to isolate default target: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
1733 error_message = "Failed to isolate default target";
1737 m->default_unit_job_id = default_unit_job->id;
1739 after_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1740 log_full(arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1741 "Loaded units and determined initial transaction in %s.",
1742 format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), after_startup - before_startup, 100 * USEC_PER_MSEC));
1744 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1745 printf("-> By jobs:\n");
1746 manager_dump_jobs(m, stdout, "\t");
1747 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1753 r = manager_loop(m);
1755 log_emergency_errno(r, "Failed to run main loop: %m");
1756 error_message = "Failed to run main loop";
1760 switch (m->exit_code) {
1763 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1767 case MANAGER_RELOAD:
1768 log_info("Reloading.");
1769 r = manager_reload(m);
1771 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to reload: %m");
1774 case MANAGER_REEXECUTE:
1776 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &arg_serialization, &fds, false) < 0) {
1777 error_message = "Failed to prepare for reexection";
1782 log_notice("Reexecuting.");
1785 case MANAGER_SWITCH_ROOT:
1786 /* Steal the switch root parameters */
1787 switch_root_dir = m->switch_root;
1788 switch_root_init = m->switch_root_init;
1789 m->switch_root = m->switch_root_init = NULL;
1791 if (!switch_root_init)
1792 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &arg_serialization, &fds, true) < 0) {
1793 error_message = "Failed to prepare for reexection";
1798 log_notice("Switching root.");
1801 case MANAGER_REBOOT:
1802 case MANAGER_POWEROFF:
1804 case MANAGER_KEXEC: {
1805 static const char * const table[_MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_MAX] = {
1806 [MANAGER_REBOOT] = "reboot",
1807 [MANAGER_POWEROFF] = "poweroff",
1808 [MANAGER_HALT] = "halt",
1809 [MANAGER_KEXEC] = "kexec"
1812 assert_se(shutdown_verb = table[m->exit_code]);
1813 arm_reboot_watchdog = m->exit_code == MANAGER_REBOOT;
1815 log_notice("Shutting down.");
1820 assert_not_reached("Unknown exit code.");
1827 m = manager_free(m);
1829 for (j = 0; j < ELEMENTSOF(arg_default_rlimit); j++) {
1830 free(arg_default_rlimit[j]);
1831 arg_default_rlimit[j] = NULL;
1834 free(arg_default_unit);
1835 arg_default_unit = NULL;
1837 free_join_controllers();
1839 strv_free(arg_default_environment);
1840 arg_default_environment = NULL;
1842 set_free(arg_syscall_archs);
1843 arg_syscall_archs = NULL;
1845 mac_selinux_finish();
1849 unsigned i, args_size;
1851 /* Close and disarm the watchdog, so that the new
1852 * instance can reinitialize it, but doesn't get
1853 * rebooted while we do that */
1854 watchdog_close(true);
1856 /* Reset the RLIMIT_NOFILE to the kernel default, so
1857 * that the new systemd can pass the kernel default to
1858 * its child processes */
1859 if (saved_rlimit_nofile.rlim_cur > 0)
1860 setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &saved_rlimit_nofile);
1862 if (switch_root_dir) {
1863 /* Kill all remaining processes from the
1864 * initrd, but don't wait for them, so that we
1865 * can handle the SIGCHLD for them after
1867 broadcast_signal(SIGTERM, false, true);
1869 /* And switch root with MS_MOVE, because we remove the old directory afterwards and detach it. */
1870 r = switch_root(switch_root_dir, "/mnt", true, MS_MOVE);
1872 log_error_errno(r, "Failed to switch root, trying to continue: %m");
1875 args_size = MAX(6, argc+1);
1876 args = newa(const char*, args_size);
1878 if (!switch_root_init) {
1881 /* First try to spawn ourselves with the right
1882 * path, and with full serialization. We do
1883 * this only if the user didn't specify an
1884 * explicit init to spawn. */
1886 assert(arg_serialization);
1889 snprintf(sfd, sizeof(sfd), "%i", fileno(arg_serialization));
1893 args[i++] = SYSTEMD_BINARY_PATH;
1894 if (switch_root_dir)
1895 args[i++] = "--switched-root";
1896 args[i++] = arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user";
1897 args[i++] = "--deserialize";
1901 /* do not pass along the environment we inherit from the kernel or initrd */
1902 if (switch_root_dir)
1905 assert(i <= args_size);
1906 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1909 /* Try the fallback, if there is any, without any
1910 * serialization. We pass the original argv[] and
1911 * envp[]. (Well, modulo the ordering changes due to
1912 * getopt() in argv[], and some cleanups in envp[],
1913 * but let's hope that doesn't matter.) */
1915 if (arg_serialization) {
1916 fclose(arg_serialization);
1917 arg_serialization = NULL;
1925 /* Reopen the console */
1926 make_console_stdio();
1928 for (j = 1, i = 1; j < (unsigned) argc; j++)
1929 args[i++] = argv[j];
1931 assert(i <= args_size);
1933 /* Reenable any blocked signals, especially important
1934 * if we switch from initial ramdisk to init=... */
1935 reset_all_signal_handlers();
1936 reset_signal_mask();
1938 if (switch_root_init) {
1939 args[0] = switch_root_init;
1940 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1941 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to execute configured init, trying fallback: %m");
1944 args[0] = "/sbin/init";
1945 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1947 if (errno == ENOENT) {
1948 log_warning("No /sbin/init, trying fallback");
1950 args[0] = "/bin/sh";
1952 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1953 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to execute /bin/sh, giving up: %m");
1955 log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to execute /sbin/init, giving up: %m");
1958 if (arg_serialization) {
1959 fclose(arg_serialization);
1960 arg_serialization = NULL;
1968 #ifdef HAVE_VALGRIND_VALGRIND_H
1969 /* If we are PID 1 and running under valgrind, then let's exit
1970 * here explicitly. valgrind will only generate nice output on
1971 * exit(), not on exec(), hence let's do the former not the
1973 if (getpid() == 1 && RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND)
1977 if (shutdown_verb) {
1978 char log_level[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(int) + 1];
1979 const char* command_line[9] = {
1980 SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH,
1982 "--log-level", log_level,
1986 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **env_block = NULL;
1988 assert(command_line[pos] == NULL);
1989 env_block = strv_copy(environ);
1991 snprintf(log_level, sizeof(log_level), "%d", log_get_max_level());
1993 switch (log_get_target()) {
1994 case LOG_TARGET_KMSG:
1995 case LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG:
1996 case LOG_TARGET_SYSLOG_OR_KMSG:
1997 command_line[pos++] = "kmsg";
2000 case LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE:
2002 command_line[pos++] = "console";
2006 if (log_get_show_color())
2007 command_line[pos++] = "--log-color";
2009 if (log_get_show_location())
2010 command_line[pos++] = "--log-location";
2012 assert(pos < ELEMENTSOF(command_line));
2014 if (arm_reboot_watchdog && arg_shutdown_watchdog > 0) {
2017 /* If we reboot let's set the shutdown
2018 * watchdog and tell the shutdown binary to
2019 * repeatedly ping it */
2020 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_shutdown_watchdog);
2021 watchdog_close(false);
2023 /* Tell the binary how often to ping, ignore failure */
2024 if (asprintf(&e, "WATCHDOG_USEC="USEC_FMT, arg_shutdown_watchdog) > 0)
2025 strv_push(&env_block, e);
2027 watchdog_close(true);
2029 /* Avoid the creation of new processes forked by the
2030 * kernel; at this point, we will not listen to the
2032 if (detect_container(NULL) <= 0)
2033 cg_uninstall_release_agent(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER);
2035 execve(SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH, (char **) command_line, env_block);
2036 log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to execute shutdown binary, %s: %m",
2037 getpid() == 1 ? "freezing" : "quitting");
2040 if (getpid() == 1) {
2042 manager_status_printf(NULL, STATUS_TYPE_EMERGENCY,
2043 ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED_ON "!!!!!!" ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF,
2044 "%s, freezing.", error_message);