1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/prctl.h>
35 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 #include "load-fragment.h"
42 #include "conf-parser.h"
43 #include "dbus-common.h"
51 #include "path-util.h"
52 #include "switch-root.h"
53 #include "capability.h"
57 #include "sd-daemon.h"
58 #include "sd-messages.h"
60 #include "mount-setup.h"
61 #include "loopback-setup.h"
63 #include "kmod-setup.h"
65 #include "hostname-setup.h"
66 #include "machine-id-setup.h"
67 #include "locale-setup.h"
68 #include "selinux-setup.h"
69 #include "ima-setup.h"
71 #include "smack-setup.h"
79 ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
81 } arg_action = ACTION_RUN;
83 static char *arg_default_unit = NULL;
84 static SystemdRunningAs arg_running_as = _SYSTEMD_RUNNING_AS_INVALID;
86 static bool arg_dump_core = true;
87 static bool arg_crash_shell = false;
88 static int arg_crash_chvt = -1;
89 static bool arg_confirm_spawn = false;
90 static bool arg_show_status = true;
91 static bool arg_switched_root = false;
92 static char **arg_default_controllers = NULL;
93 static char ***arg_join_controllers = NULL;
94 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_output = EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL;
95 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_error = EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT;
96 static usec_t arg_runtime_watchdog = 0;
97 static usec_t arg_shutdown_watchdog = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
98 static struct rlimit *arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NLIMITS] = {};
99 static uint64_t arg_capability_bounding_set_drop = 0;
100 static nsec_t arg_timer_slack_nsec = (nsec_t) -1;
102 static FILE* serialization = NULL;
104 static void nop_handler(int sig) {
107 _noreturn_ static void crash(int sig) {
110 log_error("Caught <%s>, not dumping core.", signal_to_string(sig));
112 struct sigaction sa = {
113 .sa_handler = nop_handler,
114 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART,
118 /* We want to wait for the core process, hence let's enable SIGCHLD */
119 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
123 log_error("Caught <%s>, cannot fork for core dump: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(errno));
126 struct rlimit rl = {};
128 /* Enable default signal handler for core dump */
130 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
131 assert_se(sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) == 0);
133 /* Don't limit the core dump size */
134 rl.rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
135 rl.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
136 setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rl);
138 /* Just to be sure... */
139 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
141 /* Raise the signal again */
144 assert_not_reached("We shouldn't be here...");
151 /* Order things nicely. */
152 r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status);
154 log_error("Caught <%s>, waitpid() failed: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(-r));
155 else if (status.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
156 log_error("Caught <%s>, core dump failed.", signal_to_string(sig));
158 log_error("Caught <%s>, dumped core as pid %lu.", signal_to_string(sig), (unsigned long) pid);
163 chvt(arg_crash_chvt);
165 if (arg_crash_shell) {
166 struct sigaction sa = {
167 .sa_handler = SIG_IGN,
168 .sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT|SA_RESTART,
172 log_info("Executing crash shell in 10s...");
175 /* Let the kernel reap children for us */
176 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
180 log_error("Failed to fork off crash shell: %m");
182 make_console_stdio();
183 execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", NULL);
185 log_error("execl() failed: %m");
189 log_info("Successfully spawned crash shell as pid %lu.", (unsigned long) pid);
192 log_info("Freezing execution.");
196 static void install_crash_handler(void) {
197 struct sigaction sa = {
199 .sa_flags = SA_NODEFER,
202 sigaction_many(&sa, SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER, -1);
205 static int console_setup(bool do_reset) {
208 /* If we are init, we connect stdin/stdout/stderr to /dev/null
209 * and make sure we don't have a controlling tty. */
216 tty_fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
218 log_error("Failed to open /dev/console: %s", strerror(-tty_fd));
222 /* We don't want to force text mode.
223 * plymouth may be showing pictures already from initrd. */
224 r = reset_terminal_fd(tty_fd, false);
226 log_error("Failed to reset /dev/console: %s", strerror(-r));
228 close_nointr_nofail(tty_fd);
232 static int set_default_unit(const char *u) {
241 free(arg_default_unit);
242 arg_default_unit = c;
247 static int parse_proc_cmdline_word(const char *word) {
249 static const char * const rlmap[] = {
250 "emergency", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
251 "-b", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
252 "single", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
253 "-s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
254 "s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
255 "S", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
256 "1", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
257 "2", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
258 "3", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
259 "4", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
260 "5", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
265 if (startswith(word, "systemd.unit=")) {
268 return set_default_unit(word + 13);
270 } else if (startswith(word, "rd.systemd.unit=")) {
273 return set_default_unit(word + 16);
275 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_target=")) {
277 if (log_set_target_from_string(word + 19) < 0)
278 log_warning("Failed to parse log target %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
280 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_level=")) {
282 if (log_set_max_level_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
283 log_warning("Failed to parse log level %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
285 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_color=")) {
287 if (log_show_color_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
288 log_warning("Failed to parse log color setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
290 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_location=")) {
292 if (log_show_location_from_string(word + 21) < 0)
293 log_warning("Failed to parse log location setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 21);
295 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.dump_core=")) {
298 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 18)) < 0)
299 log_warning("Failed to parse dump core switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
303 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_shell=")) {
306 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
307 log_warning("Failed to parse crash shell switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
311 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.confirm_spawn=")) {
314 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 22)) < 0)
315 log_warning("Failed to parse confirm spawn switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 22);
317 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
319 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_chvt=")) {
322 if (safe_atoi(word + 19, &k) < 0)
323 log_warning("Failed to parse crash chvt switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
327 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.show_status=")) {
330 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
331 log_warning("Failed to parse show status switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
334 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_output=")) {
337 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 32)) < 0)
338 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard output switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 32);
340 arg_default_std_output = r;
341 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_error=")) {
344 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 31)) < 0)
345 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard error switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 31);
347 arg_default_std_error = r;
348 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.setenv=")) {
349 _cleanup_free_ char *cenv = NULL;
353 cenv = strdup(word + 15);
357 eq = strchr(cenv, '=');
359 if (!env_name_is_valid(cenv))
360 log_warning("Environment variable name '%s' is not valid. Ignoring.", cenv);
364 log_warning("Unsetting environment variable '%s' failed, ignoring: %m", cenv);
367 if (!env_assignment_is_valid(cenv))
368 log_warning("Environment variable assignment '%s' is not valid. Ignoring.", cenv);
371 r = setenv(cenv, eq + 1, 1);
373 log_warning("Setting environment variable '%s=%s' failed, ignoring: %m", cenv, eq + 1);
377 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.") ||
378 (in_initrd() && startswith(word, "rd.systemd."))) {
382 /* Ignore systemd.journald.xyz and friends */
384 if (startswith(c, "rd."))
386 if (startswith(c, "systemd."))
388 if (c[strcspn(c, ".=")] != '.') {
390 log_warning("Unknown kernel switch %s. Ignoring.", word);
392 log_info("Supported kernel switches:\n"
393 "systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start\n"
394 "rd.systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start when run in initrd\n"
395 "systemd.dump_core=0|1 Dump core on crash\n"
396 "systemd.crash_shell=0|1 Run shell on crash\n"
397 "systemd.crash_chvt=N Change to VT #N on crash\n"
398 "systemd.confirm_spawn=0|1 Confirm every process spawn\n"
399 "systemd.show_status=0|1 Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
400 "systemd.log_target=console|kmsg|journal|journal-or-kmsg|syslog|syslog-or-kmsg|null\n"
402 "systemd.log_level=LEVEL Log level\n"
403 "systemd.log_color=0|1 Highlight important log messages\n"
404 "systemd.log_location=0|1 Include code location in log messages\n"
405 "systemd.default_standard_output=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
406 " Set default log output for services\n"
407 "systemd.default_standard_error=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
408 " Set default log error output for services\n"
409 "systemd.setenv=ASSIGNMENT Set an environment variable for all spawned processes\n");
412 } else if (streq(word, "quiet"))
413 arg_show_status = false;
414 else if (!in_initrd()) {
417 /* SysV compatibility */
418 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(rlmap); i += 2)
419 if (streq(word, rlmap[i]))
420 return set_default_unit(rlmap[i+1]);
426 #define DEFINE_SETTER(name, func, descr) \
427 static int name(const char *unit, \
428 const char *filename, \
430 const char *section, \
431 const char *lvalue, \
433 const char *rvalue, \
445 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, -r, \
446 "Invalid " descr "'%s': %s", \
447 rvalue, strerror(-r)); \
452 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_level2, log_set_max_level_from_string, "log level")
453 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_target, log_set_target_from_string, "target")
454 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_color, log_show_color_from_string, "color" )
455 DEFINE_SETTER(config_parse_location, log_show_location_from_string, "location")
458 static int config_parse_cpu_affinity2(const char *unit,
459 const char *filename,
478 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
483 if (!(t = strndup(w, l)))
486 r = safe_atou(t, &cpu);
490 if (!(c = cpu_set_malloc(&ncpus)))
493 if (r < 0 || cpu >= ncpus) {
494 log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, -r,
495 "Failed to parse CPU affinity '%s'", rvalue);
500 CPU_SET_S(cpu, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c);
504 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c) < 0)
505 log_warning_unit(unit, "Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
513 static void strv_free_free(char ***l) {
525 static void free_join_controllers(void) {
526 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
527 arg_join_controllers = NULL;
530 static int config_parse_join_controllers(const char *unit,
531 const char *filename,
548 free_join_controllers();
550 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, length, rvalue, state) {
553 s = strndup(w, length);
557 l = strv_split(s, ",");
562 if (strv_length(l) <= 1) {
567 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
568 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
569 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
574 arg_join_controllers[0] = l;
575 arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
582 t = new0(char**, n+2);
590 for (a = arg_join_controllers; *a; a++) {
592 if (strv_overlap(*a, l)) {
595 c = strv_merge(*a, l);
618 t[n++] = strv_uniq(l);
620 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
621 arg_join_controllers = t;
628 static int parse_config_file(void) {
630 const ConfigTableItem items[] = {
631 { "Manager", "LogLevel", config_parse_level2, 0, NULL },
632 { "Manager", "LogTarget", config_parse_target, 0, NULL },
633 { "Manager", "LogColor", config_parse_color, 0, NULL },
634 { "Manager", "LogLocation", config_parse_location, 0, NULL },
635 { "Manager", "DumpCore", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_dump_core },
636 { "Manager", "CrashShell", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_crash_shell },
637 { "Manager", "ShowStatus", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_show_status },
638 { "Manager", "CrashChVT", config_parse_int, 0, &arg_crash_chvt },
639 { "Manager", "CPUAffinity", config_parse_cpu_affinity2, 0, NULL },
640 { "Manager", "DefaultControllers", config_parse_strv, 0, &arg_default_controllers },
641 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardOutput", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_output },
642 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardError", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_error },
643 { "Manager", "JoinControllers", config_parse_join_controllers, 0, &arg_join_controllers },
644 { "Manager", "RuntimeWatchdogSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_runtime_watchdog },
645 { "Manager", "ShutdownWatchdogSec", config_parse_sec, 0, &arg_shutdown_watchdog },
646 { "Manager", "CapabilityBoundingSet", config_parse_bounding_set, 0, &arg_capability_bounding_set_drop },
647 { "Manager", "TimerSlackNSec", config_parse_nsec, 0, &arg_timer_slack_nsec },
648 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCPU", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_CPU]},
649 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitFSIZE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_FSIZE]},
650 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitDATA", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_DATA]},
651 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSTACK", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_STACK]},
652 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCORE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_CORE]},
653 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRSS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS]},
654 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNOFILE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE]},
655 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitAS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_AS]},
656 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNPROC", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC]},
657 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMEMLOCK", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK]},
658 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitLOCKS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_LOCKS]},
659 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSIGPENDING",config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING]},
660 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMSGQUEUE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE]},
661 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNICE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NICE]},
662 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTPRIO", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RTPRIO]},
663 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTTIME", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RTTIME]},
664 { NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
667 _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f;
671 fn = arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM ? PKGSYSCONFDIR "/system.conf" : PKGSYSCONFDIR "/user.conf";
677 log_warning("Failed to open configuration file '%s': %m", fn);
681 r = config_parse(NULL, fn, f, "Manager\0", config_item_table_lookup, (void*) items, false, false, NULL);
683 log_warning("Failed to parse configuration file: %s", strerror(-r));
688 static int parse_proc_cmdline(void) {
689 _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
694 /* Don't read /proc/cmdline if we are in a container, since
695 * that is only relevant for the host system */
696 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0)
699 r = read_one_line_file("/proc/cmdline", &line);
701 log_warning("Failed to read /proc/cmdline, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
705 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, line, state) {
706 _cleanup_free_ char *word;
708 word = strndup(w, l);
712 r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(word);
714 log_error("Failed on cmdline argument %s: %s", word, strerror(-r));
722 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
725 ARG_LOG_LEVEL = 0x100,
734 ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
742 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT,
743 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
746 static const struct option options[] = {
747 { "log-level", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LEVEL },
748 { "log-target", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_TARGET },
749 { "log-color", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_COLOR },
750 { "log-location", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LOCATION },
751 { "unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UNIT },
752 { "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },
753 { "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },
754 { "test", no_argument, NULL, ARG_TEST },
755 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
756 { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
757 { "dump-configuration-items", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS },
758 { "dump-core", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CORE },
759 { "crash-shell", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CRASH_SHELL },
760 { "confirm-spawn", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN },
761 { "show-status", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_STATUS },
762 { "deserialize", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DESERIALIZE },
763 { "switched-root", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT },
764 { "introspect", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_INTROSPECT },
765 { "default-standard-output", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT, },
766 { "default-standard-error", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR, },
778 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hDbsz:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
783 if ((r = log_set_max_level_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
784 log_error("Failed to parse log level %s.", optarg);
792 if ((r = log_set_target_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
793 log_error("Failed to parse log target %s.", optarg);
802 if ((r = log_show_color_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
803 log_error("Failed to parse log color setting %s.", optarg);
807 log_show_color(true);
811 case ARG_LOG_LOCATION:
814 if ((r = log_show_location_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
815 log_error("Failed to parse log location setting %s.", optarg);
819 log_show_location(true);
823 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT:
825 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
826 log_error("Failed to parse default standard output setting %s.", optarg);
829 arg_default_std_output = r;
832 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR:
834 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
835 log_error("Failed to parse default standard error output setting %s.", optarg);
838 arg_default_std_error = r;
843 if ((r = set_default_unit(optarg)) < 0) {
844 log_error("Failed to set default unit %s: %s", optarg, strerror(-r));
851 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
855 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_USER;
859 arg_action = ACTION_TEST;
863 arg_action = ACTION_VERSION;
866 case ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS:
867 arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS;
871 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
873 log_error("Failed to parse dump core boolean %s.", optarg);
879 case ARG_CRASH_SHELL:
880 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
882 log_error("Failed to parse crash shell boolean %s.", optarg);
888 case ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN:
889 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
891 log_error("Failed to parse confirm spawn boolean %s.", optarg);
894 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
897 case ARG_SHOW_STATUS:
898 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
900 log_error("Failed to parse show status boolean %s.", optarg);
906 case ARG_DESERIALIZE: {
910 r = safe_atoi(optarg, &fd);
911 if (r < 0 || fd < 0) {
912 log_error("Failed to parse deserialize option %s.", optarg);
913 return r < 0 ? r : -EINVAL;
916 fd_cloexec(fd, true);
920 log_error("Failed to open serialization fd: %m");
925 fclose(serialization);
932 case ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT:
933 arg_switched_root = true;
936 case ARG_INTROSPECT: {
937 const char * const * i = NULL;
939 for (i = bus_interface_table; *i; i += 2)
940 if (!optarg || streq(i[0], optarg)) {
941 fputs(DBUS_INTROSPECT_1_0_XML_DOCTYPE_DECL_NODE
944 fputs("</node>\n", stdout);
951 log_error("Unknown interface %s.", optarg);
953 arg_action = ACTION_DONE;
958 arg_action = ACTION_HELP;
962 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
968 /* Just to eat away the sysvinit kernel
969 * cmdline args without getopt() error
970 * messages that we'll parse in
971 * parse_proc_cmdline_word() or ignore. */
976 log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
983 if (optind < argc && getpid() != 1) {
984 /* Hmm, when we aren't run as init system
985 * let's complain about excess arguments */
987 log_error("Excess arguments.");
991 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0) {
994 /* All /proc/cmdline arguments the kernel didn't
995 * understand it passed to us. We're not really
996 * interested in that usually since /proc/cmdline is
997 * more interesting and complete. With one exception:
998 * if we are run in a container /proc/cmdline is not
999 * relevant for the container, hence we rely on argv[]
1002 for (a = argv; a < argv + argc; a++)
1003 if ((r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(*a)) < 0) {
1004 log_error("Failed on cmdline argument %s: %s", *a, strerror(-r));
1012 static int help(void) {
1014 printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
1015 "Starts up and maintains the system or user services.\n\n"
1016 " -h --help Show this help\n"
1017 " --test Determine startup sequence, dump it and exit\n"
1018 " --dump-configuration-items Dump understood unit configuration items\n"
1019 " --introspect[=INTERFACE] Extract D-Bus interface data\n"
1020 " --unit=UNIT Set default unit\n"
1021 " --system Run a system instance, even if PID != 1\n"
1022 " --user Run a user instance\n"
1023 " --dump-core[=0|1] Dump core on crash\n"
1024 " --crash-shell[=0|1] Run shell on crash\n"
1025 " --confirm-spawn[=0|1] Ask for confirmation when spawning processes\n"
1026 " --show-status[=0|1] Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
1027 " --log-target=TARGET Set log target (console, journal, syslog, kmsg, journal-or-kmsg, syslog-or-kmsg, null)\n"
1028 " --log-level=LEVEL Set log level (debug, info, notice, warning, err, crit, alert, emerg)\n"
1029 " --log-color[=0|1] Highlight important log messages\n"
1030 " --log-location[=0|1] Include code location in log messages\n"
1031 " --default-standard-output= Set default standard output for services\n"
1032 " --default-standard-error= Set default standard error output for services\n",
1033 program_invocation_short_name);
1038 static int version(void) {
1039 puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
1040 puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
1045 static int prepare_reexecute(Manager *m, FILE **_f, FDSet **_fds, bool switching_root) {
1054 /* Make sure nothing is really destructed when we shut down */
1057 r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f);
1059 log_error("Failed to create serialization file: %s", strerror(-r));
1066 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1070 r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds, switching_root);
1072 log_error("Failed to serialize state: %s", strerror(-r));
1076 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
1077 log_error("Failed to rewind serialization fd: %m");
1081 r = fd_cloexec(fileno(f), false);
1083 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization: %s", strerror(-r));
1087 r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false);
1089 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization fds: %s", strerror(-r));
1107 static int bump_rlimit_nofile(struct rlimit *saved_rlimit) {
1111 assert(saved_rlimit);
1113 /* Save the original RLIMIT_NOFILE so that we can reset it
1114 * later when transitioning from the initrd to the main
1115 * systemd or suchlike. */
1116 if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, saved_rlimit) < 0) {
1117 log_error("Reading RLIMIT_NOFILE failed: %m");
1121 /* Make sure forked processes get the default kernel setting */
1122 if (!arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE]) {
1125 rl = newdup(struct rlimit, saved_rlimit, 1);
1129 arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE] = rl;
1132 /* Bump up the resource limit for ourselves substantially */
1133 nl.rlim_cur = nl.rlim_max = 64*1024;
1134 r = setrlimit_closest(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &nl);
1136 log_error("Setting RLIMIT_NOFILE failed: %s", strerror(-r));
1143 static struct dual_timestamp* parse_initrd_timestamp(struct dual_timestamp *t) {
1145 unsigned long long a, b;
1149 e = getenv("RD_TIMESTAMP");
1153 if (sscanf(e, "%llu %llu", &a, &b) != 2)
1156 t->realtime = (usec_t) a;
1157 t->monotonic = (usec_t) b;
1162 static void test_mtab(void) {
1165 /* Check that /etc/mtab is a symlink */
1167 if (readlink_malloc("/etc/mtab", &p) >= 0) {
1170 b = streq(p, "/proc/self/mounts") || streq(p, "/proc/mounts");
1177 log_warning("/etc/mtab is not a symlink or not pointing to /proc/self/mounts. "
1178 "This is not supported anymore. "
1179 "Please make sure to replace this file by a symlink to avoid incorrect or misleading mount(8) output.");
1182 static void test_usr(void) {
1184 /* Check that /usr is not a separate fs */
1186 if (dir_is_empty("/usr") <= 0)
1189 log_warning("/usr appears to be on its own filesytem and is not already mounted. This is not a supported setup. "
1190 "Some things will probably break (sometimes even silently) in mysterious ways. "
1191 "Consult http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken for more information.");
1194 static void test_cgroups(void) {
1196 if (access("/proc/cgroups", F_OK) >= 0)
1199 log_warning("CONFIG_CGROUPS was not set when your kernel was compiled. "
1200 "Systems without control groups are not supported. "
1201 "We will now sleep for 10s, and then continue boot-up. "
1202 "Expect breakage and please do not file bugs. "
1203 "Instead fix your kernel and enable CONFIG_CGROUPS. "
1204 "Consult http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/cgroups-vs-cgroups.html for more information.");
1209 static int initialize_join_controllers(void) {
1210 /* By default, mount "cpu" + "cpuacct" together, and "net_cls"
1211 * + "net_prio". We'd like to add "cpuset" to the mix, but
1212 * "cpuset" does't really work for groups with no initialized
1215 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 3);
1216 if (!arg_join_controllers)
1219 arg_join_controllers[0] = strv_new("cpu", "cpuacct", NULL);
1220 arg_join_controllers[1] = strv_new("net_cls", "net_prio", NULL);
1221 arg_join_controllers[2] = NULL;
1223 if (!arg_join_controllers[0] || !arg_join_controllers[1]) {
1224 free_join_controllers();
1231 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1233 int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
1234 usec_t before_startup, after_startup;
1235 char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1237 bool reexecute = false;
1238 const char *shutdown_verb = NULL;
1239 dual_timestamp initrd_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1240 dual_timestamp userspace_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1241 dual_timestamp kernel_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1242 dual_timestamp firmware_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1243 dual_timestamp loader_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1244 static char systemd[] = "systemd";
1245 bool skip_setup = false;
1247 bool loaded_policy = false;
1248 bool arm_reboot_watchdog = false;
1249 bool queue_default_job = false;
1250 char *switch_root_dir = NULL, *switch_root_init = NULL;
1251 static struct rlimit saved_rlimit_nofile = { 0, 0 };
1253 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1254 if (getpid() != 1 && strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
1255 /* This is compatibility support for SysV, where
1256 * calling init as a user is identical to telinit. */
1259 execv(SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH, argv);
1260 log_error("Failed to exec " SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH ": %m");
1265 dual_timestamp_from_monotonic(&kernel_timestamp, 0);
1266 dual_timestamp_get(&userspace_timestamp);
1268 /* Determine if this is a reexecution or normal bootup. We do
1269 * the full command line parsing much later, so let's just
1270 * have a quick peek here. */
1271 if (strv_find(argv+1, "--deserialize"))
1274 /* If we have switched root, do all the special setup
1276 if (strv_find(argv+1, "--switched-root"))
1279 /* If we get started via the /sbin/init symlink then we are
1280 called 'init'. After a subsequent reexecution we are then
1281 called 'systemd'. That is confusing, hence let's call us
1282 systemd right-away. */
1283 program_invocation_short_name = systemd;
1284 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, systemd);
1289 log_show_color(isatty(STDERR_FILENO) > 0);
1291 if (getpid() == 1 && detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
1293 efi_get_boot_timestamps(&userspace_timestamp, &firmware_timestamp, &loader_timestamp);
1295 /* Running outside of a container as PID 1 */
1296 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
1298 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_KMSG);
1302 char *rd_timestamp = NULL;
1304 initrd_timestamp = userspace_timestamp;
1305 asprintf(&rd_timestamp, "%llu %llu",
1306 (unsigned long long) initrd_timestamp.realtime,
1307 (unsigned long long) initrd_timestamp.monotonic);
1309 setenv("RD_TIMESTAMP", rd_timestamp, 1);
1315 mount_setup_early();
1316 if (selinux_setup(&loaded_policy) < 0)
1318 if (ima_setup() < 0)
1320 if (smack_setup() < 0)
1324 if (label_init(NULL) < 0)
1328 if (hwclock_is_localtime() > 0) {
1331 /* The first-time call to settimeofday() does a time warp in the kernel */
1332 r = hwclock_set_timezone(&min);
1334 log_error("Failed to apply local time delta, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1336 log_info("RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of %i minutes to system time.", min);
1337 } else if (!in_initrd()) {
1339 * Do dummy first-time call to seal the kernel's time warp magic
1341 * Do not call this this from inside the initrd. The initrd might not
1342 * carry /etc/adjtime with LOCAL, but the real system could be set up
1343 * that way. In such case, we need to delay the time-warp or the sealing
1344 * until we reach the real system.
1346 hwclock_reset_timezone();
1348 /* Tell the kernel our time zone */
1349 r = hwclock_set_timezone(NULL);
1351 log_error("Failed to set the kernel's time zone, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1355 /* Set the default for later on, but don't actually
1356 * open the logs like this for now. Note that if we
1357 * are transitioning from the initrd there might still
1358 * be journal fd open, and we shouldn't attempt
1359 * opening that before we parsed /proc/cmdline which
1360 * might redirect output elsewhere. */
1361 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
1363 } else if (getpid() == 1) {
1364 /* Running inside a container, as PID 1 */
1365 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_SYSTEM;
1366 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_CONSOLE);
1369 /* For the later on, see above... */
1370 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL);
1372 /* clear the kernel timestamp,
1373 * because we are in a container */
1374 kernel_timestamp.monotonic = 0ULL;
1375 kernel_timestamp.realtime = 0ULL;
1378 /* Running as user instance */
1379 arg_running_as = SYSTEMD_USER;
1380 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);
1383 /* clear the kernel timestamp,
1384 * because we are not PID 1 */
1385 kernel_timestamp.monotonic = 0ULL;
1386 kernel_timestamp.realtime = 0ULL;
1389 /* Initialize default unit */
1390 r = set_default_unit(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET);
1392 log_error("Failed to set default unit %s: %s", SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET, strerror(-r));
1396 r = initialize_join_controllers();
1400 /* Mount /proc, /sys and friends, so that /proc/cmdline and
1401 * /proc/$PID/fd is available. */
1402 if (getpid() == 1) {
1403 r = mount_setup(loaded_policy);
1408 /* Reset all signal handlers. */
1409 assert_se(reset_all_signal_handlers() == 0);
1411 /* If we are init, we can block sigkill. Yay. */
1412 ignore_signals(SIGNALS_IGNORE, -1);
1414 if (parse_config_file() < 0)
1417 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM)
1418 if (parse_proc_cmdline() < 0)
1421 log_parse_environment();
1423 if (parse_argv(argc, argv) < 0)
1426 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST &&
1428 log_error("Don't run test mode as root.");
1432 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_USER &&
1433 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1435 log_error("Trying to run as user instance, but the system has not been booted with systemd.");
1439 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM &&
1440 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1441 running_in_chroot() > 0) {
1442 log_error("Cannot be run in a chroot() environment.");
1446 if (arg_action == ACTION_HELP) {
1449 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_VERSION) {
1452 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS) {
1453 unit_dump_config_items(stdout);
1454 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1456 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DONE) {
1457 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1461 assert_se(arg_action == ACTION_RUN || arg_action == ACTION_TEST);
1463 /* Close logging fds, in order not to confuse fdset below */
1466 /* Remember open file descriptors for later deserialization */
1467 r = fdset_new_fill(&fds);
1469 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1472 fdset_cloexec(fds, true);
1475 assert_se(fdset_remove(fds, fileno(serialization)) >= 0);
1477 /* Set up PATH unless it is already set */
1479 #ifdef HAVE_SPLIT_USR
1480 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
1482 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin",
1484 arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM);
1486 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1487 /* Parse the data passed to us. We leave this
1488 * variables set, but the manager later on will not
1489 * pass them on to our children. */
1491 parse_initrd_timestamp(&initrd_timestamp);
1493 /* Unset some environment variables passed in from the
1494 * kernel that don't really make sense for us. */
1498 /* When we are invoked by a shell, these might be set,
1499 * but make little sense to pass on */
1504 /* When we are invoked by a chroot-like tool such as
1505 * nspawn, these might be set, but make little sense
1508 unsetenv("LOGNAME");
1510 /* We suppress the socket activation env vars, as
1511 * we'll try to match *any* open fd to units if
1513 unsetenv("LISTEN_FDS");
1514 unsetenv("LISTEN_PID");
1516 /* All other variables are left as is, so that clients
1517 * can still read them via /proc/1/environ */
1520 /* Move out of the way, so that we won't block unmounts */
1521 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
1523 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1524 /* Become a session leader if we aren't one yet. */
1527 /* Disable the umask logic */
1531 /* Make sure D-Bus doesn't fiddle with the SIGPIPE handlers */
1532 dbus_connection_set_change_sigpipe(FALSE);
1534 /* Reset the console, but only if this is really init and we
1535 * are freshly booted */
1536 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && arg_action == ACTION_RUN)
1537 console_setup(getpid() == 1 && !skip_setup);
1539 /* Open the logging devices, if possible and necessary */
1542 /* Make sure we leave a core dump without panicing the
1544 if (getpid() == 1) {
1545 install_crash_handler();
1547 r = mount_cgroup_controllers(arg_join_controllers);
1552 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM) {
1553 const char *virtualization = NULL;
1555 log_info(PACKAGE_STRING " running in system mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES ")");
1557 detect_virtualization(&virtualization);
1559 log_info("Detected virtualization '%s'.", virtualization);
1562 log_info("Running in initial RAM disk.");
1565 log_debug(PACKAGE_STRING " running in user mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES ")");
1567 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && !skip_setup) {
1570 if (arg_show_status || plymouth_running())
1585 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM && arg_runtime_watchdog > 0)
1586 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_runtime_watchdog);
1588 if (arg_timer_slack_nsec != (nsec_t) -1)
1589 if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK, arg_timer_slack_nsec) < 0)
1590 log_error("Failed to adjust timer slack: %m");
1592 if (arg_capability_bounding_set_drop) {
1593 r = capability_bounding_set_drop(arg_capability_bounding_set_drop, true);
1595 log_error("Failed to drop capability bounding set: %s", strerror(-r));
1598 r = capability_bounding_set_drop_usermode(arg_capability_bounding_set_drop);
1600 log_error("Failed to drop capability bounding set of usermode helpers: %s", strerror(-r));
1605 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_USER) {
1606 /* Become reaper of our children */
1607 if (prctl(PR_SET_CHILD_SUBREAPER, 1) < 0) {
1608 log_warning("Failed to make us a subreaper: %m");
1609 if (errno == EINVAL)
1610 log_info("Perhaps the kernel version is too old (< 3.4?)");
1614 if (arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM)
1615 bump_rlimit_nofile(&saved_rlimit_nofile);
1617 r = manager_new(arg_running_as, &m);
1619 log_error("Failed to allocate manager object: %s", strerror(-r));
1623 m->confirm_spawn = arg_confirm_spawn;
1624 m->default_std_output = arg_default_std_output;
1625 m->default_std_error = arg_default_std_error;
1626 m->runtime_watchdog = arg_runtime_watchdog;
1627 m->shutdown_watchdog = arg_shutdown_watchdog;
1628 m->userspace_timestamp = userspace_timestamp;
1629 m->kernel_timestamp = kernel_timestamp;
1630 m->firmware_timestamp = firmware_timestamp;
1631 m->loader_timestamp = loader_timestamp;
1632 m->initrd_timestamp = initrd_timestamp;
1634 manager_set_default_rlimits(m, arg_default_rlimit);
1636 if (arg_default_controllers)
1637 manager_set_default_controllers(m, arg_default_controllers);
1639 manager_set_show_status(m, arg_show_status);
1641 /* Remember whether we should queue the default job */
1642 queue_default_job = !serialization || arg_switched_root;
1644 before_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1646 r = manager_startup(m, serialization, fds);
1648 log_error("Failed to fully start up daemon: %s", strerror(-r));
1650 /* This will close all file descriptors that were opened, but
1651 * not claimed by any unit. */
1654 if (serialization) {
1655 fclose(serialization);
1656 serialization = NULL;
1659 if (queue_default_job) {
1661 Unit *target = NULL;
1662 Job *default_unit_job;
1664 dbus_error_init(&error);
1666 log_debug("Activating default unit: %s", arg_default_unit);
1668 r = manager_load_unit(m, arg_default_unit, NULL, &error, &target);
1670 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1671 dbus_error_free(&error);
1672 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR)
1673 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1674 else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED)
1675 log_error("Default target masked.");
1677 if (!target || target->load_state != UNIT_LOADED) {
1678 log_info("Trying to load rescue target...");
1680 r = manager_load_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, NULL, &error, &target);
1682 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1683 dbus_error_free(&error);
1685 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1686 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1688 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1689 log_error("Rescue target masked.");
1694 assert(target->load_state == UNIT_LOADED);
1696 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1697 printf("-> By units:\n");
1698 manager_dump_units(m, stdout, "\t");
1701 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_ISOLATE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1703 log_debug("Default target could not be isolated, starting instead: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1704 dbus_error_free(&error);
1706 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_REPLACE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1708 log_error("Failed to start default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1709 dbus_error_free(&error);
1713 log_error("Failed to isolate default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1714 dbus_error_free(&error);
1718 m->default_unit_job_id = default_unit_job->id;
1720 after_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1721 log_full(arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1722 "Loaded units and determined initial transaction in %s.",
1723 format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), after_startup - before_startup, 0));
1725 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1726 printf("-> By jobs:\n");
1727 manager_dump_jobs(m, stdout, "\t");
1728 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1734 r = manager_loop(m);
1736 log_error("Failed to run mainloop: %s", strerror(-r));
1740 switch (m->exit_code) {
1743 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1747 case MANAGER_RELOAD:
1748 log_info("Reloading.");
1749 r = manager_reload(m);
1751 log_error("Failed to reload: %s", strerror(-r));
1754 case MANAGER_REEXECUTE:
1756 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds, false) < 0)
1760 log_notice("Reexecuting.");
1763 case MANAGER_SWITCH_ROOT:
1764 /* Steal the switch root parameters */
1765 switch_root_dir = m->switch_root;
1766 switch_root_init = m->switch_root_init;
1767 m->switch_root = m->switch_root_init = NULL;
1769 if (!switch_root_init)
1770 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds, true) < 0)
1774 log_notice("Switching root.");
1777 case MANAGER_REBOOT:
1778 case MANAGER_POWEROFF:
1780 case MANAGER_KEXEC: {
1781 static const char * const table[_MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_MAX] = {
1782 [MANAGER_REBOOT] = "reboot",
1783 [MANAGER_POWEROFF] = "poweroff",
1784 [MANAGER_HALT] = "halt",
1785 [MANAGER_KEXEC] = "kexec"
1788 assert_se(shutdown_verb = table[m->exit_code]);
1789 arm_reboot_watchdog = m->exit_code == MANAGER_REBOOT;
1791 log_notice("Shutting down.");
1796 assert_not_reached("Unknown exit code.");
1804 for (j = 0; j < RLIMIT_NLIMITS; j++)
1805 free(arg_default_rlimit[j]);
1807 free(arg_default_unit);
1808 strv_free(arg_default_controllers);
1809 free_join_controllers();
1816 unsigned i, args_size;
1818 /* Close and disarm the watchdog, so that the new
1819 * instance can reinitialize it, but doesn't get
1820 * rebooted while we do that */
1821 watchdog_close(true);
1823 /* Reset the RLIMIT_NOFILE to the kernel default, so
1824 * that the new systemd can pass the kernel default to
1825 * its child processes */
1826 if (saved_rlimit_nofile.rlim_cur > 0)
1827 setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &saved_rlimit_nofile);
1829 if (switch_root_dir) {
1830 /* Kill all remaining processes from the
1831 * initrd, but don't wait for them, so that we
1832 * can handle the SIGCHLD for them after
1834 broadcast_signal(SIGTERM, false);
1836 /* And switch root */
1837 r = switch_root(switch_root_dir);
1839 log_error("Failed to switch root, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1842 args_size = MAX(6, argc+1);
1843 args = newa(const char*, args_size);
1845 if (!switch_root_init) {
1848 /* First try to spawn ourselves with the right
1849 * path, and with full serialization. We do
1850 * this only if the user didn't specify an
1851 * explicit init to spawn. */
1853 assert(serialization);
1856 snprintf(sfd, sizeof(sfd), "%i", fileno(serialization));
1860 args[i++] = SYSTEMD_BINARY_PATH;
1861 if (switch_root_dir)
1862 args[i++] = "--switched-root";
1863 args[i++] = arg_running_as == SYSTEMD_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user";
1864 args[i++] = "--deserialize";
1868 assert(i <= args_size);
1869 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1872 /* Try the fallback, if there is any, without any
1873 * serialization. We pass the original argv[] and
1874 * envp[]. (Well, modulo the ordering changes due to
1875 * getopt() in argv[], and some cleanups in envp[],
1876 * but let's hope that doesn't matter.) */
1878 if (serialization) {
1879 fclose(serialization);
1880 serialization = NULL;
1888 /* Reopen the console */
1889 make_console_stdio();
1891 for (j = 1, i = 1; j < argc; j++)
1892 args[i++] = argv[j];
1894 assert(i <= args_size);
1896 if (switch_root_init) {
1897 args[0] = switch_root_init;
1898 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1899 log_warning("Failed to execute configured init, trying fallback: %m");
1902 args[0] = "/sbin/init";
1903 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1905 if (errno == ENOENT) {
1906 log_warning("No /sbin/init, trying fallback");
1908 args[0] = "/bin/sh";
1910 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1911 log_error("Failed to execute /bin/sh, giving up: %m");
1913 log_warning("Failed to execute /sbin/init, giving up: %m");
1917 fclose(serialization);
1922 if (shutdown_verb) {
1923 const char * command_line[] = {
1924 SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH,
1930 if (arm_reboot_watchdog && arg_shutdown_watchdog > 0) {
1933 /* If we reboot let's set the shutdown
1934 * watchdog and tell the shutdown binary to
1935 * repeatedly ping it */
1936 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1937 watchdog_close(false);
1939 /* Tell the binary how often to ping */
1940 snprintf(e, sizeof(e), "WATCHDOG_USEC=%llu", (unsigned long long) arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1943 env_block = strv_append(environ, e);
1945 env_block = strv_copy(environ);
1946 watchdog_close(true);
1949 execve(SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH, (char **) command_line, env_block);
1951 log_error("Failed to execute shutdown binary, freezing: %m");