1 /*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
4 This file is part of systemd.
6 Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
8 systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9 under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
14 WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
19 along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 #include <dbus/dbus.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/prctl.h>
35 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 #include "load-fragment.h"
42 #include "conf-parser.h"
43 #include "bus-errors.h"
51 #include "path-util.h"
52 #include "switch-root.h"
54 #include "mount-setup.h"
55 #include "loopback-setup.h"
56 #include "kmod-setup.h"
57 #include "hostname-setup.h"
58 #include "machine-id-setup.h"
59 #include "locale-setup.h"
61 #include "selinux-setup.h"
62 #include "ima-setup.h"
68 ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
70 } arg_action = ACTION_RUN;
72 static char *arg_default_unit = NULL;
73 static ManagerRunningAs arg_running_as = _MANAGER_RUNNING_AS_INVALID;
75 static bool arg_dump_core = true;
76 static bool arg_crash_shell = false;
77 static int arg_crash_chvt = -1;
78 static bool arg_confirm_spawn = false;
79 static bool arg_show_status = true;
80 static bool arg_switched_root = false;
81 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
82 static bool arg_sysv_console = true;
84 static char **arg_default_controllers = NULL;
85 static char ***arg_join_controllers = NULL;
86 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_output = EXEC_OUTPUT_JOURNAL;
87 static ExecOutput arg_default_std_error = EXEC_OUTPUT_INHERIT;
88 static usec_t arg_runtime_watchdog = 0;
89 static usec_t arg_shutdown_watchdog = 10 * USEC_PER_MINUTE;
90 static struct rlimit *arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NLIMITS] = {};
92 static FILE* serialization = NULL;
94 static void nop_handler(int sig) {
97 _noreturn_ static void crash(int sig) {
100 log_error("Caught <%s>, not dumping core.", signal_to_string(sig));
105 /* We want to wait for the core process, hence let's enable SIGCHLD */
107 sa.sa_handler = nop_handler;
108 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_RESTART;
109 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
111 if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
112 log_error("Caught <%s>, cannot fork for core dump: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(errno));
117 /* Enable default signal handler for core dump */
119 sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
120 assert_se(sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) == 0);
122 /* Don't limit the core dump size */
124 rl.rlim_cur = RLIM_INFINITY;
125 rl.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
126 setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rl);
128 /* Just to be sure... */
129 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
131 /* Raise the signal again */
134 assert_not_reached("We shouldn't be here...");
141 /* Order things nicely. */
142 if ((r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status)) < 0)
143 log_error("Caught <%s>, waitpid() failed: %s", signal_to_string(sig), strerror(-r));
144 else if (status.si_code != CLD_DUMPED)
145 log_error("Caught <%s>, core dump failed.", signal_to_string(sig));
147 log_error("Caught <%s>, dumped core as pid %lu.", signal_to_string(sig), (unsigned long) pid);
152 chvt(arg_crash_chvt);
154 if (arg_crash_shell) {
158 log_info("Executing crash shell in 10s...");
161 /* Let the kernel reap children for us */
163 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
164 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT|SA_RESTART;
165 assert_se(sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == 0);
167 if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
168 log_error("Failed to fork off crash shell: %s", strerror(errno));
172 if ((fd = acquire_terminal("/dev/console", false, true, true)) < 0)
173 log_error("Failed to acquire terminal: %s", strerror(-fd));
174 else if ((r = make_stdio(fd)) < 0)
175 log_error("Failed to duplicate terminal fd: %s", strerror(-r));
177 execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", NULL);
179 log_error("execl() failed: %s", strerror(errno));
183 log_info("Successfully spawned crash shell as pid %lu.", (unsigned long) pid);
186 log_info("Freezing execution.");
190 static void install_crash_handler(void) {
195 sa.sa_handler = crash;
196 sa.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER;
198 sigaction_many(&sa, SIGNALS_CRASH_HANDLER, -1);
201 static int console_setup(bool do_reset) {
204 /* If we are init, we connect stdin/stdout/stderr to /dev/null
205 * and make sure we don't have a controlling tty. */
212 tty_fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC);
214 log_error("Failed to open /dev/console: %s", strerror(-tty_fd));
218 /* We don't want to force text mode.
219 * plymouth may be showing pictures already from initrd. */
220 r = reset_terminal_fd(tty_fd, false);
222 log_error("Failed to reset /dev/console: %s", strerror(-r));
224 close_nointr_nofail(tty_fd);
228 static int set_default_unit(const char *u) {
237 free(arg_default_unit);
238 arg_default_unit = c;
243 static int parse_proc_cmdline_word(const char *word) {
245 static const char * const rlmap[] = {
246 "emergency", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
247 "-b", SPECIAL_EMERGENCY_TARGET,
248 "single", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
249 "-s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
250 "s", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
251 "S", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
252 "1", SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET,
253 "2", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL2_TARGET,
254 "3", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL3_TARGET,
255 "4", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL4_TARGET,
256 "5", SPECIAL_RUNLEVEL5_TARGET,
261 if (startswith(word, "systemd.unit=")) {
264 return set_default_unit(word + 13);
266 } else if (startswith(word, "rd.systemd.unit=")) {
269 return set_default_unit(word + 16);
271 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_target=")) {
273 if (log_set_target_from_string(word + 19) < 0)
274 log_warning("Failed to parse log target %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
276 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_level=")) {
278 if (log_set_max_level_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
279 log_warning("Failed to parse log level %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
281 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_color=")) {
283 if (log_show_color_from_string(word + 18) < 0)
284 log_warning("Failed to parse log color setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
286 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.log_location=")) {
288 if (log_show_location_from_string(word + 21) < 0)
289 log_warning("Failed to parse log location setting %s. Ignoring.", word + 21);
291 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.dump_core=")) {
294 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 18)) < 0)
295 log_warning("Failed to parse dump core switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 18);
299 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_shell=")) {
302 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
303 log_warning("Failed to parse crash shell switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
307 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.confirm_spawn=")) {
310 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 22)) < 0)
311 log_warning("Failed to parse confirm spawn switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 22);
313 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
315 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.crash_chvt=")) {
318 if (safe_atoi(word + 19, &k) < 0)
319 log_warning("Failed to parse crash chvt switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 19);
323 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.show_status=")) {
326 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 20)) < 0)
327 log_warning("Failed to parse show status switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
330 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_output=")) {
333 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 32)) < 0)
334 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard output switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 32);
336 arg_default_std_output = r;
337 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.default_standard_error=")) {
340 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(word + 31)) < 0)
341 log_warning("Failed to parse default standard error switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 31);
343 arg_default_std_error = r;
344 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.setenv=")) {
348 cenv = strdup(word + 15);
352 eq = strchr(cenv, '=');
356 log_warning("unsetenv failed %s. Ignoring.", strerror(errno));
359 r = setenv(cenv, eq + 1, 1);
361 log_warning("setenv failed %s. Ignoring.", strerror(errno));
364 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
365 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.sysv_console=")) {
368 if ((r = parse_boolean(word + 21)) < 0)
369 log_warning("Failed to parse SysV console switch %s. Ignoring.", word + 20);
371 arg_sysv_console = r;
374 } else if (startswith(word, "systemd.")) {
376 log_warning("Unknown kernel switch %s. Ignoring.", word);
378 log_info("Supported kernel switches:\n"
379 "systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start\n"
380 "rd.systemd.unit=UNIT Default unit to start when run in initrd\n"
381 "systemd.dump_core=0|1 Dump core on crash\n"
382 "systemd.crash_shell=0|1 Run shell on crash\n"
383 "systemd.crash_chvt=N Change to VT #N on crash\n"
384 "systemd.confirm_spawn=0|1 Confirm every process spawn\n"
385 "systemd.show_status=0|1 Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
386 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
387 "systemd.sysv_console=0|1 Connect output of SysV scripts to console\n"
389 "systemd.log_target=console|kmsg|journal|journal-or-kmsg|syslog|syslog-or-kmsg|null\n"
391 "systemd.log_level=LEVEL Log level\n"
392 "systemd.log_color=0|1 Highlight important log messages\n"
393 "systemd.log_location=0|1 Include code location in log messages\n"
394 "systemd.default_standard_output=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
395 " Set default log output for services\n"
396 "systemd.default_standard_error=null|tty|syslog|syslog+console|kmsg|kmsg+console|journal|journal+console\n"
397 " Set default log error output for services\n");
399 } else if (streq(word, "quiet")) {
400 arg_show_status = false;
401 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
402 arg_sysv_console = false;
407 /* SysV compatibility */
408 for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(rlmap); i += 2)
409 if (streq(word, rlmap[i]))
410 return set_default_unit(rlmap[i+1]);
416 static int config_parse_level2(
417 const char *filename,
430 log_set_max_level_from_string(rvalue);
434 static int config_parse_target(
435 const char *filename,
448 log_set_target_from_string(rvalue);
452 static int config_parse_color(
453 const char *filename,
466 log_show_color_from_string(rvalue);
470 static int config_parse_location(
471 const char *filename,
484 log_show_location_from_string(rvalue);
488 static int config_parse_cpu_affinity2(
489 const char *filename,
508 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, rvalue, state) {
513 if (!(t = strndup(w, l)))
516 r = safe_atou(t, &cpu);
520 if (!(c = cpu_set_malloc(&ncpus)))
523 if (r < 0 || cpu >= ncpus) {
524 log_error("[%s:%u] Failed to parse CPU affinity: %s", filename, line, rvalue);
529 CPU_SET_S(cpu, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c);
533 if (sched_setaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(ncpus), c) < 0)
534 log_warning("Failed to set CPU affinity: %m");
542 static void strv_free_free(char ***l) {
554 static void free_join_controllers(void) {
555 if (!arg_join_controllers)
558 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
559 arg_join_controllers = NULL;
562 static int config_parse_join_controllers(
563 const char *filename,
580 free_join_controllers();
582 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, length, rvalue, state) {
585 s = strndup(w, length);
589 l = strv_split(s, ",");
594 if (strv_length(l) <= 1) {
599 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
600 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
601 if (!arg_join_controllers) {
606 arg_join_controllers[0] = l;
607 arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
614 t = new0(char**, n+2);
622 for (a = arg_join_controllers; *a; a++) {
624 if (strv_overlap(*a, l)) {
627 c = strv_merge(*a, l);
650 t[n++] = strv_uniq(l);
652 strv_free_free(arg_join_controllers);
653 arg_join_controllers = t;
660 static int parse_config_file(void) {
662 const ConfigTableItem items[] = {
663 { "Manager", "LogLevel", config_parse_level2, 0, NULL },
664 { "Manager", "LogTarget", config_parse_target, 0, NULL },
665 { "Manager", "LogColor", config_parse_color, 0, NULL },
666 { "Manager", "LogLocation", config_parse_location, 0, NULL },
667 { "Manager", "DumpCore", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_dump_core },
668 { "Manager", "CrashShell", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_crash_shell },
669 { "Manager", "ShowStatus", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_show_status },
670 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
671 { "Manager", "SysVConsole", config_parse_bool, 0, &arg_sysv_console },
673 { "Manager", "CrashChVT", config_parse_int, 0, &arg_crash_chvt },
674 { "Manager", "CPUAffinity", config_parse_cpu_affinity2, 0, NULL },
675 { "Manager", "DefaultControllers", config_parse_strv, 0, &arg_default_controllers },
676 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardOutput", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_output },
677 { "Manager", "DefaultStandardError", config_parse_output, 0, &arg_default_std_error },
678 { "Manager", "JoinControllers", config_parse_join_controllers, 0, &arg_join_controllers },
679 { "Manager", "RuntimeWatchdogSec", config_parse_usec, 0, &arg_runtime_watchdog },
680 { "Manager", "ShutdownWatchdogSec", config_parse_usec, 0, &arg_shutdown_watchdog },
681 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCPU", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_CPU]},
682 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitFSIZE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_FSIZE]},
683 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitDATA", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_DATA]},
684 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSTACK", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_STACK]},
685 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitCORE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_CORE]},
686 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRSS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS]},
687 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNOFILE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE]},
688 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitAS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_AS]},
689 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNPROC", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC]},
690 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMEMLOCK", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK]},
691 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitLOCKS", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_LOCKS]},
692 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitSIGPENDING",config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING]},
693 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitMSGQUEUE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE]},
694 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitNICE", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_NICE]},
695 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTPRIO", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RTPRIO]},
696 { "Manager", "DefaultLimitRTTIME", config_parse_limit, 0, &arg_default_rlimit[RLIMIT_RTTIME]},
697 { NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }
704 fn = arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? SYSTEM_CONFIG_FILE : USER_CONFIG_FILE;
710 log_warning("Failed to open configuration file '%s': %m", fn);
714 r = config_parse(fn, f, "Manager\0", config_item_table_lookup, (void*) items, false, NULL);
716 log_warning("Failed to parse configuration file: %s", strerror(-r));
723 static int parse_proc_cmdline(void) {
724 char *line, *w, *state;
728 /* Don't read /proc/cmdline if we are in a container, since
729 * that is only relevant for the host system */
730 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0)
733 if ((r = read_one_line_file("/proc/cmdline", &line)) < 0) {
734 log_warning("Failed to read /proc/cmdline, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
738 FOREACH_WORD_QUOTED(w, l, line, state) {
741 if (!(word = strndup(w, l))) {
746 r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(word);
760 static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
763 ARG_LOG_LEVEL = 0x100,
771 ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS,
780 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT,
781 ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR
784 static const struct option options[] = {
785 { "log-level", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LEVEL },
786 { "log-target", required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_TARGET },
787 { "log-color", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_COLOR },
788 { "log-location", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_LOG_LOCATION },
789 { "unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_UNIT },
790 { "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },
791 { "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },
792 { "test", no_argument, NULL, ARG_TEST },
793 { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
794 { "dump-configuration-items", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS },
795 { "dump-core", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CORE },
796 { "crash-shell", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CRASH_SHELL },
797 { "confirm-spawn", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN },
798 { "show-status", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_STATUS },
799 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
800 { "sysv-console", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSV_CONSOLE },
802 { "deserialize", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DESERIALIZE },
803 { "switched-root", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT },
804 { "introspect", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_INTROSPECT },
805 { "default-standard-output", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT, },
806 { "default-standard-error", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR, },
818 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hDbsz:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
823 if ((r = log_set_max_level_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
824 log_error("Failed to parse log level %s.", optarg);
832 if ((r = log_set_target_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
833 log_error("Failed to parse log target %s.", optarg);
842 if ((r = log_show_color_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
843 log_error("Failed to parse log color setting %s.", optarg);
847 log_show_color(true);
851 case ARG_LOG_LOCATION:
854 if ((r = log_show_location_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
855 log_error("Failed to parse log location setting %s.", optarg);
859 log_show_location(true);
863 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_OUTPUT:
865 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
866 log_error("Failed to parse default standard output setting %s.", optarg);
869 arg_default_std_output = r;
872 case ARG_DEFAULT_STD_ERROR:
874 if ((r = exec_output_from_string(optarg)) < 0) {
875 log_error("Failed to parse default standard error output setting %s.", optarg);
878 arg_default_std_error = r;
883 if ((r = set_default_unit(optarg)) < 0) {
884 log_error("Failed to set default unit %s: %s", optarg, strerror(-r));
891 arg_running_as = MANAGER_SYSTEM;
895 arg_running_as = MANAGER_USER;
899 arg_action = ACTION_TEST;
902 case ARG_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS:
903 arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS;
907 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
909 log_error("Failed to parse dump core boolean %s.", optarg);
915 case ARG_CRASH_SHELL:
916 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
918 log_error("Failed to parse crash shell boolean %s.", optarg);
924 case ARG_CONFIRM_SPAWN:
925 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
927 log_error("Failed to parse confirm spawn boolean %s.", optarg);
930 arg_confirm_spawn = r;
933 case ARG_SHOW_STATUS:
934 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
936 log_error("Failed to parse show status boolean %s.", optarg);
942 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
943 case ARG_SYSV_CONSOLE:
944 r = optarg ? parse_boolean(optarg) : 1;
946 log_error("Failed to parse SysV console boolean %s.", optarg);
949 arg_sysv_console = r;
953 case ARG_DESERIALIZE: {
957 if ((r = safe_atoi(optarg, &fd)) < 0 || fd < 0) {
958 log_error("Failed to parse deserialize option %s.", optarg);
962 if (!(f = fdopen(fd, "r"))) {
963 log_error("Failed to open serialization fd: %m");
968 fclose(serialization);
975 case ARG_SWITCHED_ROOT:
976 arg_switched_root = true;
979 case ARG_INTROSPECT: {
980 const char * const * i = NULL;
982 for (i = bus_interface_table; *i; i += 2)
983 if (!optarg || streq(i[0], optarg)) {
984 fputs(DBUS_INTROSPECT_1_0_XML_DOCTYPE_DECL_NODE
987 fputs("</node>\n", stdout);
994 log_error("Unknown interface %s.", optarg);
996 arg_action = ACTION_DONE;
1001 arg_action = ACTION_HELP;
1005 log_set_max_level(LOG_DEBUG);
1011 /* Just to eat away the sysvinit kernel
1012 * cmdline args without getopt() error
1013 * messages that we'll parse in
1014 * parse_proc_cmdline_word() or ignore. */
1018 if (getpid() != 1) {
1019 log_error("Unknown option code %c", c);
1026 if (optind < argc && getpid() != 1) {
1027 /* Hmm, when we aren't run as init system
1028 * let's complain about excess arguments */
1030 log_error("Excess arguments.");
1034 if (detect_container(NULL) > 0) {
1037 /* All /proc/cmdline arguments the kernel didn't
1038 * understand it passed to us. We're not really
1039 * interested in that usually since /proc/cmdline is
1040 * more interesting and complete. With one exception:
1041 * if we are run in a container /proc/cmdline is not
1042 * relevant for the container, hence we rely on argv[]
1045 for (a = argv; a < argv + argc; a++)
1046 if ((r = parse_proc_cmdline_word(*a)) < 0)
1053 static int help(void) {
1055 printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
1056 "Starts up and maintains the system or user services.\n\n"
1057 " -h --help Show this help\n"
1058 " --test Determine startup sequence, dump it and exit\n"
1059 " --dump-configuration-items Dump understood unit configuration items\n"
1060 " --introspect[=INTERFACE] Extract D-Bus interface data\n"
1061 " --unit=UNIT Set default unit\n"
1062 " --system Run a system instance, even if PID != 1\n"
1063 " --user Run a user instance\n"
1064 " --dump-core[=0|1] Dump core on crash\n"
1065 " --crash-shell[=0|1] Run shell on crash\n"
1066 " --confirm-spawn[=0|1] Ask for confirmation when spawning processes\n"
1067 " --show-status[=0|1] Show status updates on the console during bootup\n"
1068 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1069 " --sysv-console[=0|1] Connect output of SysV scripts to console\n"
1071 " --log-target=TARGET Set log target (console, journal, syslog, kmsg, journal-or-kmsg, syslog-or-kmsg, null)\n"
1072 " --log-level=LEVEL Set log level (debug, info, notice, warning, err, crit, alert, emerg)\n"
1073 " --log-color[=0|1] Highlight important log messages\n"
1074 " --log-location[=0|1] Include code location in log messages\n"
1075 " --default-standard-output= Set default standard output for services\n"
1076 " --default-standard-error= Set default standard error output for services\n",
1077 program_invocation_short_name);
1082 static int prepare_reexecute(Manager *m, FILE **_f, FDSet **_fds) {
1091 /* Make sure nothing is really destructed when we shut down */
1094 if ((r = manager_open_serialization(m, &f)) < 0) {
1095 log_error("Failed to create serialization file: %s", strerror(-r));
1099 if (!(fds = fdset_new())) {
1101 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1105 if ((r = manager_serialize(m, f, fds)) < 0) {
1106 log_error("Failed to serialize state: %s", strerror(-r));
1110 if (fseeko(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
1111 log_error("Failed to rewind serialization fd: %m");
1115 if ((r = fd_cloexec(fileno(f), false)) < 0) {
1116 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization: %s", strerror(-r));
1120 if ((r = fdset_cloexec(fds, false)) < 0) {
1121 log_error("Failed to disable O_CLOEXEC for serialization fds: %s", strerror(-r));
1139 static struct dual_timestamp* parse_initrd_timestamp(struct dual_timestamp *t) {
1141 unsigned long long a, b;
1145 e = getenv("RD_TIMESTAMP");
1149 if (sscanf(e, "%llu %llu", &a, &b) != 2)
1152 t->realtime = (usec_t) a;
1153 t->monotonic = (usec_t) b;
1158 static void test_mtab(void) {
1161 /* Check that /etc/mtab is a symlink */
1163 if (readlink_malloc("/etc/mtab", &p) >= 0) {
1166 b = streq(p, "/proc/self/mounts") || streq(p, "/proc/mounts");
1173 log_warning("/etc/mtab is not a symlink or not pointing to /proc/self/mounts. "
1174 "This is not supported anymore. "
1175 "Please make sure to replace this file by a symlink to avoid incorrect or misleading mount(8) output.");
1178 static void test_usr(void) {
1180 /* Check that /usr is not a separate fs */
1182 if (dir_is_empty("/usr") <= 0)
1185 log_warning("/usr appears to be on its own filesytem and is not already mounted. This is not a supported setup. "
1186 "Some things will probably break (sometimes even silently) in mysterious ways. "
1187 "Consult http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/separate-usr-is-broken for more information.");
1190 static void test_cgroups(void) {
1192 if (access("/proc/cgroups", F_OK) >= 0)
1195 log_warning("CONFIG_CGROUPS was not set when your kernel was compiled. "
1196 "Systems without control groups are not supported. "
1197 "We will now sleep for 10s, and then continue boot-up. "
1198 "Expect breakage and please do not file bugs. "
1199 "Instead fix your kernel and enable CONFIG_CGROUPS. "
1200 "Consult http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/cgroups-vs-cgroups.html for more information.");
1205 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1207 int r, retval = EXIT_FAILURE;
1208 usec_t before_startup, after_startup;
1209 char timespan[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
1211 bool reexecute = false;
1212 const char *shutdown_verb = NULL;
1213 dual_timestamp initrd_timestamp = { 0ULL, 0ULL };
1214 static char systemd[] = "systemd";
1215 bool skip_setup = false;
1217 bool loaded_policy = false;
1218 bool arm_reboot_watchdog = false;
1219 bool queue_default_job = false;
1220 char *switch_root_dir = NULL, *switch_root_init = NULL;
1222 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1223 if (getpid() != 1 && strstr(program_invocation_short_name, "init")) {
1224 /* This is compatibility support for SysV, where
1225 * calling init as a user is identical to telinit. */
1228 execv(SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH, argv);
1229 log_error("Failed to exec " SYSTEMCTL_BINARY_PATH ": %m");
1234 /* Determine if this is a reexecution or normal bootup. We do
1235 * the full command line parsing much later, so let's just
1236 * have a quick peek here. */
1237 for (j = 1; j < argc; j++)
1238 if (streq(argv[j], "--deserialize")) {
1243 /* If we have switched root, do all the special setup
1245 for (j = 1; j < argc; j++)
1246 if (streq(argv[j], "--switched-root")) {
1251 /* If we get started via the /sbin/init symlink then we are
1252 called 'init'. After a subsequent reexecution we are then
1253 called 'systemd'. That is confusing, hence let's call us
1254 systemd right-away. */
1255 program_invocation_short_name = systemd;
1256 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, systemd);
1261 log_show_color(isatty(STDERR_FILENO) > 0);
1262 log_show_location(false);
1263 log_set_max_level(LOG_INFO);
1265 if (getpid() == 1) {
1267 char *rd_timestamp = NULL;
1269 dual_timestamp_get(&initrd_timestamp);
1270 asprintf(&rd_timestamp, "%llu %llu",
1271 (unsigned long long) initrd_timestamp.realtime,
1272 (unsigned long long) initrd_timestamp.monotonic);
1274 setenv("RD_TIMESTAMP", rd_timestamp, 1);
1279 arg_running_as = MANAGER_SYSTEM;
1280 log_set_target(detect_container(NULL) > 0 ? LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL : LOG_TARGET_JOURNAL_OR_KMSG);
1283 if (selinux_setup(&loaded_policy) < 0)
1285 if (ima_setup() < 0)
1291 if (label_init(NULL) < 0)
1295 if (hwclock_is_localtime() > 0) {
1298 r = hwclock_apply_localtime_delta(&min);
1300 log_error("Failed to apply local time delta, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1302 log_info("RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of %i minutes to system time.", min);
1306 arg_running_as = MANAGER_USER;
1307 log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);
1311 /* Initialize default unit */
1312 if (set_default_unit(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET) < 0)
1315 /* By default, mount "cpu" and "cpuacct" together */
1316 arg_join_controllers = new(char**, 2);
1317 if (!arg_join_controllers)
1320 arg_join_controllers[0] = strv_new("cpu", "cpuacct", NULL);
1321 arg_join_controllers[1] = NULL;
1323 if (!arg_join_controllers[0])
1326 /* Mount /proc, /sys and friends, so that /proc/cmdline and
1327 * /proc/$PID/fd is available. */
1328 if (geteuid() == 0 && !getenv("SYSTEMD_SKIP_API_MOUNTS")) {
1329 r = mount_setup(loaded_policy);
1334 /* Reset all signal handlers. */
1335 assert_se(reset_all_signal_handlers() == 0);
1337 /* If we are init, we can block sigkill. Yay. */
1338 ignore_signals(SIGNALS_IGNORE, -1);
1340 if (parse_config_file() < 0)
1343 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM)
1344 if (parse_proc_cmdline() < 0)
1347 log_parse_environment();
1349 if (parse_argv(argc, argv) < 0)
1352 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST && geteuid() == 0) {
1353 log_error("Don't run test mode as root.");
1357 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM &&
1358 arg_action == ACTION_RUN &&
1359 running_in_chroot() > 0) {
1360 log_error("Cannot be run in a chroot() environment.");
1364 if (arg_action == ACTION_HELP) {
1367 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DUMP_CONFIGURATION_ITEMS) {
1368 unit_dump_config_items(stdout);
1369 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1371 } else if (arg_action == ACTION_DONE) {
1372 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1376 assert_se(arg_action == ACTION_RUN || arg_action == ACTION_TEST);
1378 /* Close logging fds, in order not to confuse fdset below */
1381 /* Remember open file descriptors for later deserialization */
1382 if (serialization) {
1383 r = fdset_new_fill(&fds);
1385 log_error("Failed to allocate fd set: %s", strerror(-r));
1389 assert_se(fdset_remove(fds, fileno(serialization)) >= 0);
1391 close_all_fds(NULL, 0);
1393 /* Set up PATH unless it is already set */
1395 #ifdef HAVE_SPLIT_USR
1396 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
1398 "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin",
1400 arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM);
1402 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
1403 /* Parse the data passed to us. We leave this
1404 * variables set, but the manager later on will not
1405 * pass them on to our children. */
1407 parse_initrd_timestamp(&initrd_timestamp);
1409 /* Unset some environment variables passed in from the
1410 * kernel that don't really make sense for us. */
1414 /* When we are invoked by a shell, these might be set,
1415 * but make little sense to pass on */
1420 /* When we are invoked by a chroot-like tool such as
1421 * nspawn, these might be set, but make little sense
1424 unsetenv("LOGNAME");
1426 /* All other variables are left as is, so that clients
1427 * can still read them via /proc/1/environ */
1430 /* Move out of the way, so that we won't block unmounts */
1431 assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
1433 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM) {
1434 /* Become a session leader if we aren't one yet. */
1437 /* Disable the umask logic */
1441 /* Make sure D-Bus doesn't fiddle with the SIGPIPE handlers */
1442 dbus_connection_set_change_sigpipe(FALSE);
1444 /* Reset the console, but only if this is really init and we
1445 * are freshly booted */
1446 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && arg_action == ACTION_RUN) {
1447 console_setup(getpid() == 1 && !skip_setup);
1451 /* Open the logging devices, if possible and necessary */
1454 /* Make sure we leave a core dump without panicing the
1457 install_crash_handler();
1459 if (geteuid() == 0 && !getenv("SYSTEMD_SKIP_API_MOUNTS")) {
1460 r = mount_cgroup_controllers(arg_join_controllers);
1465 log_full(arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1466 PACKAGE_STRING " running in %s mode. (" SYSTEMD_FEATURES "; " DISTRIBUTION ")", manager_running_as_to_string(arg_running_as));
1468 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && !skip_setup) {
1471 if (arg_show_status || plymouth_running())
1484 if (arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM && arg_runtime_watchdog > 0)
1485 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_runtime_watchdog);
1487 r = manager_new(arg_running_as, &m);
1489 log_error("Failed to allocate manager object: %s", strerror(-r));
1493 m->confirm_spawn = arg_confirm_spawn;
1494 #ifdef HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT
1495 m->sysv_console = arg_sysv_console;
1497 m->default_std_output = arg_default_std_output;
1498 m->default_std_error = arg_default_std_error;
1499 m->runtime_watchdog = arg_runtime_watchdog;
1500 m->shutdown_watchdog = arg_shutdown_watchdog;
1502 manager_set_default_rlimits(m, arg_default_rlimit);
1504 if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&initrd_timestamp))
1505 m->initrd_timestamp = initrd_timestamp;
1507 if (arg_default_controllers)
1508 manager_set_default_controllers(m, arg_default_controllers);
1510 manager_set_show_status(m, arg_show_status);
1512 /* Remember whether we should queue the default job */
1513 queue_default_job = !serialization || arg_switched_root;
1515 before_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1517 r = manager_startup(m, serialization, fds);
1519 log_error("Failed to fully start up daemon: %s", strerror(-r));
1521 /* This will close all file descriptors that were opened, but
1522 * not claimed by any unit. */
1528 if (serialization) {
1529 fclose(serialization);
1530 serialization = NULL;
1533 if (queue_default_job) {
1535 Unit *target = NULL;
1536 Job *default_unit_job;
1538 dbus_error_init(&error);
1540 log_debug("Activating default unit: %s", arg_default_unit);
1542 r = manager_load_unit(m, arg_default_unit, NULL, &error, &target);
1544 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1545 dbus_error_free(&error);
1546 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR)
1547 log_error("Failed to load default target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1548 else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED)
1549 log_error("Default target masked.");
1551 if (!target || target->load_state != UNIT_LOADED) {
1552 log_info("Trying to load rescue target...");
1554 r = manager_load_unit(m, SPECIAL_RESCUE_TARGET, NULL, &error, &target);
1556 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1557 dbus_error_free(&error);
1559 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_ERROR) {
1560 log_error("Failed to load rescue target: %s", strerror(-target->load_error));
1562 } else if (target->load_state == UNIT_MASKED) {
1563 log_error("Rescue target masked.");
1568 assert(target->load_state == UNIT_LOADED);
1570 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1571 printf("-> By units:\n");
1572 manager_dump_units(m, stdout, "\t");
1575 r = manager_add_job(m, JOB_START, target, JOB_REPLACE, false, &error, &default_unit_job);
1577 log_error("Failed to start default target: %s", bus_error(&error, r));
1578 dbus_error_free(&error);
1581 m->default_unit_job_id = default_unit_job->id;
1583 after_startup = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
1584 log_full(arg_action == ACTION_TEST ? LOG_INFO : LOG_DEBUG,
1585 "Loaded units and determined initial transaction in %s.",
1586 format_timespan(timespan, sizeof(timespan), after_startup - before_startup));
1588 if (arg_action == ACTION_TEST) {
1589 printf("-> By jobs:\n");
1590 manager_dump_jobs(m, stdout, "\t");
1591 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1597 r = manager_loop(m);
1599 log_error("Failed to run mainloop: %s", strerror(-r));
1603 switch (m->exit_code) {
1606 retval = EXIT_SUCCESS;
1610 case MANAGER_RELOAD:
1611 log_info("Reloading.");
1612 r = manager_reload(m);
1614 log_error("Failed to reload: %s", strerror(-r));
1617 case MANAGER_REEXECUTE:
1619 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds) < 0)
1623 log_notice("Reexecuting.");
1626 case MANAGER_SWITCH_ROOT:
1627 /* Steal the switch root parameters */
1628 switch_root_dir = m->switch_root;
1629 switch_root_init = m->switch_root_init;
1630 m->switch_root = m->switch_root_init = NULL;
1632 if (!switch_root_init)
1633 if (prepare_reexecute(m, &serialization, &fds) < 0)
1637 log_notice("Switching root.");
1640 case MANAGER_REBOOT:
1641 case MANAGER_POWEROFF:
1643 case MANAGER_KEXEC: {
1644 static const char * const table[_MANAGER_EXIT_CODE_MAX] = {
1645 [MANAGER_REBOOT] = "reboot",
1646 [MANAGER_POWEROFF] = "poweroff",
1647 [MANAGER_HALT] = "halt",
1648 [MANAGER_KEXEC] = "kexec"
1651 assert_se(shutdown_verb = table[m->exit_code]);
1652 arm_reboot_watchdog = m->exit_code == MANAGER_REBOOT;
1654 log_notice("Shutting down.");
1659 assert_not_reached("Unknown exit code.");
1667 for (j = 0; j < RLIMIT_NLIMITS; j++)
1668 free (arg_default_rlimit[j]);
1670 free(arg_default_unit);
1671 strv_free(arg_default_controllers);
1672 free_join_controllers();
1679 unsigned i, args_size;
1681 /* Close and disarm the watchdog, so that the new
1682 * instance can reinitialize it, but doesn't get
1683 * rebooted while we do that */
1684 watchdog_close(true);
1686 if (switch_root_dir) {
1687 r = switch_root(switch_root_dir);
1689 log_error("Failed to switch root, ignoring: %s", strerror(-r));
1692 args_size = MAX(6, argc+1);
1693 args = newa(const char*, args_size);
1695 if (!switch_root_init) {
1698 /* First try to spawn ourselves with the right
1699 * path, and with full serialization. We do
1700 * this only if the user didn't specify an
1701 * explicit init to spawn. */
1703 assert(serialization);
1706 snprintf(sfd, sizeof(sfd), "%i", fileno(serialization));
1710 args[i++] = SYSTEMD_BINARY_PATH;
1711 if (switch_root_dir)
1712 args[i++] = "--switched-root";
1713 args[i++] = arg_running_as == MANAGER_SYSTEM ? "--system" : "--user";
1714 args[i++] = "--deserialize";
1718 assert(i <= args_size);
1719 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1722 /* Try the fallback, if there is any, without any
1723 * serialization. We pass the original argv[] and
1724 * envp[]. (Well, modulo the ordering changes due to
1725 * getopt() in argv[], and some cleanups in envp[],
1726 * but let's hope that doesn't matter.) */
1728 if (serialization) {
1729 fclose(serialization);
1730 serialization = NULL;
1738 for (j = 1, i = 1; j < argc; j++)
1739 args[i++] = argv[j];
1741 assert(i <= args_size);
1743 if (switch_root_init) {
1744 args[0] = switch_root_init;
1745 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1746 log_warning("Failed to execute configured init, trying fallback: %m");
1749 args[0] = "/sbin/init";
1750 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1752 if (errno == ENOENT) {
1753 log_warning("No /sbin/init, trying fallback");
1755 args[0] = "/bin/sh";
1757 execv(args[0], (char* const*) args);
1758 log_error("Failed to execute /bin/sh, giving up: %m");
1760 log_warning("Failed to execute /sbin/init, giving up: %m");
1764 fclose(serialization);
1769 if (shutdown_verb) {
1770 const char * command_line[] = {
1771 SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH,
1777 if (arm_reboot_watchdog && arg_shutdown_watchdog > 0) {
1780 /* If we reboot let's set the shutdown
1781 * watchdog and tell the shutdown binary to
1782 * repeatedly ping it */
1783 watchdog_set_timeout(&arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1784 watchdog_close(false);
1786 /* Tell the binary how often to ping */
1787 snprintf(e, sizeof(e), "WATCHDOG_USEC=%llu", (unsigned long long) arg_shutdown_watchdog);
1790 env_block = strv_append(environ, e);
1792 env_block = strv_copy(environ);
1793 watchdog_close(true);
1796 execve(SYSTEMD_SHUTDOWN_BINARY_PATH, (char **) command_line, env_block);
1798 log_error("Failed to execute shutdown binary, freezing: %m");