1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
9 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
10 "POT-Creation-Date: 2012-01-11 11:42-0400\n"
11 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
12 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
13 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
16 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
17 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
19 #. type: Content of: <chapter><title>
21 msgid "Resources for Debian Developers"
24 #. type: Content of: <chapter><para>
27 "In this chapter you will find a very brief road map of the Debian mailing "
28 "lists, the Debian machines which may be available to you as a developer, and "
29 "all the other resources that are available to help you in your maintainer "
33 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
38 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
41 "Much of the conversation between Debian developers (and users) is managed "
42 "through a wide array of mailing lists we host at <literal><ulink "
43 "url=\"http://&lists-host;/\">&lists-host;</ulink></literal>. To find out "
44 "more on how to subscribe or unsubscribe, how to post and how not to post, "
45 "where to find old posts and how to search them, how to contact the list "
46 "maintainers and see various other information about the mailing lists, "
47 "please read <ulink url=\"&url-debian-lists;\"></ulink>. This section will "
48 "only cover aspects of mailing lists that are of particular interest to "
52 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
54 msgid "Basic rules for use"
57 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
60 "When replying to messages on the mailing list, please do not send a carbon "
61 "copy (<literal>CC</literal>) to the original poster unless they explicitly "
62 "request to be copied. Anyone who posts to a mailing list should read it to "
66 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
69 "Cross-posting (sending the same message to multiple lists) is discouraged. "
70 "As ever on the net, please trim down the quoting of articles you're replying "
71 "to. In general, please adhere to the usual conventions for posting "
75 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
78 "Please read the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-lists;#codeofconduct\">code of "
79 "conduct</ulink> for more information. The <ulink url=\"&url-dcg;\">Debian "
80 "Community Guidelines</ulink> are also worth reading."
83 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
85 msgid "Core development mailing lists"
88 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
90 msgid "The core Debian mailing lists that developers should use are:"
93 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
96 "&email-debian-devel-announce;, used to announce important things to "
97 "developers. All developers are expected to be subscribed to this list."
100 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
103 "&email-debian-devel;, used to discuss various development related technical "
107 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
109 msgid "&email-debian-policy;, where the Debian Policy is discussed and voted on."
112 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
115 "&email-debian-project;, used to discuss various non-technical issues related "
119 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
122 "There are other mailing lists available for a variety of special topics; see "
123 "<ulink url=\"http://&lists-host;/\"></ulink> for a list."
126 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
128 msgid "Special lists"
131 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
134 "&email-debian-private; is a special mailing list for private discussions "
135 "amongst Debian developers. It is meant to be used for posts which for "
136 "whatever reason should not be published publicly. As such, it is a low "
137 "volume list, and users are urged not to use &email-debian-private; unless it "
138 "is really necessary. Moreover, do <emphasis>not</emphasis> forward email "
139 "from that list to anyone. Archives of this list are not available on the "
140 "web for obvious reasons, but you can see them using your shell account on "
141 "<literal>&master-host;</literal> and looking in the "
142 "<filename>&file-debian-private-archive;</filename> directory."
145 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
148 "&email-debian-email; is a special mailing list used as a grab-bag for Debian "
149 "related correspondence such as contacting upstream authors about licenses, "
150 "bugs, etc. or discussing the project with others where it might be useful "
151 "to have the discussion archived somewhere."
154 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
156 msgid "Requesting new development-related lists"
159 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
162 "Before requesting a mailing list that relates to the development of a "
163 "package (or a small group of related packages), please consider if using an "
164 "alias (via a .forward-aliasname file on master.debian.org, which translates "
165 "into a reasonably nice <replaceable>you-aliasname@debian.org</replaceable> "
166 "address) or a self-managed mailing list on <link "
167 "linkend=\"alioth\">Alioth</link> is more appropriate."
170 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
173 "If you decide that a regular mailing list on &lists-host; is really what you "
174 "want, go ahead and fill in a request, following <ulink "
175 "url=\"&url-debian-lists-new;\">the HOWTO</ulink>."
178 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
183 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
186 "Several IRC channels are dedicated to Debian's development. They are mainly "
187 "hosted on the <ulink url=\"&url-oftc;\">Open and free technology community "
188 "(OFTC)</ulink> network. The <literal>irc.debian.org</literal> DNS entry is "
189 "an alias to <literal>irc.oftc.net</literal>."
192 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
195 "The main channel for Debian in general is <literal>#debian</literal>. This "
196 "is a large, general-purpose channel where users can find recent news in the "
197 "topic and served by bots. <literal>#debian</literal> is for English "
198 "speakers; there are also <literal>#debian.de</literal>, "
199 "<literal>#debian-fr</literal>, <literal>#debian-br</literal> and other "
200 "similarly named channels for speakers of other languages."
203 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
206 "The main channel for Debian development is "
207 "<literal>#debian-devel</literal>. It is a very active channel; it will "
208 "typically have a minimum of 150 people at any time of day. It's a channel "
209 "for people who work on Debian, it's not a support channel (there's "
210 "<literal>#debian</literal> for that). It is however open to anyone who "
211 "wants to lurk (and learn). Its topic is commonly full of interesting "
212 "information for developers."
215 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
218 "Since <literal>#debian-devel</literal> is an open channel, you should not "
219 "speak there of issues that are discussed in &email-debian-private;. There's "
220 "another channel for this purpose, it's called "
221 "<literal>#debian-private</literal> and it's protected by a key. This key is "
223 "<filename>master.debian.org:&file-debian-private-key;</filename>."
226 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
229 "There are other additional channels dedicated to specific subjects. "
230 "<literal>#debian-bugs</literal> is used for coordinating bug squashing "
231 "parties. <literal>#debian-boot</literal> is used to coordinate the work on "
232 "the debian-installer. <literal>#debian-doc</literal> is occasionally used "
233 "to talk about documentation, like the document you are reading. Other "
234 "channels are dedicated to an architecture or a set of packages: "
235 "<literal>#debian-kde</literal>, <literal>#debian-dpkg</literal>, "
236 "<literal>#debian-jr</literal>, <literal>#debian-edu</literal>, "
237 "<literal>#debian-oo</literal> (OpenOffice.org package)..."
240 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
243 "Some non-English developers' channels exist as well, for example "
244 "<literal>#debian-devel-fr</literal> for French speaking people interested in "
245 "Debian's development."
248 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
251 "Channels dedicated to Debian also exist on other IRC networks, notably on "
252 "the <ulink url=\"&url-openprojects;\">freenode</ulink> IRC network, which "
253 "was pointed at by the <literal>irc.debian.org</literal> alias until 4th June "
257 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
260 "To get a cloak on freenode, you send Jörg Jaspert <joerg@debian.org> a "
261 "signed mail where you tell what your nick is. Put cloak somewhere in the "
262 "Subject: header. The nick should be registered: <ulink "
263 "url=\"http://freenode.net/faq.shtml#nicksetup\">Nick Setup Page</ulink>. "
264 "The mail needs to be signed by a key in the Debian keyring. Please see "
265 "<ulink url=\"http://freenode.net/faq.shtml#projectcloak\">Freenodes "
266 "documentation</ulink> for more information about cloaks."
269 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
271 msgid "Documentation"
274 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
277 "This document contains a lot of information which is useful to Debian "
278 "developers, but it cannot contain everything. Most of the other interesting "
279 "documents are linked from <ulink url=\"&url-devel-docs;\">The Developers' "
280 "Corner</ulink>. Take the time to browse all the links, you will learn many "
284 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
286 msgid "Debian machines"
289 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
292 "Debian has several computers working as servers, most of which serve "
293 "critical functions in the Debian project. Most of the machines are used for "
294 "porting activities, and they all have a permanent connection to the "
298 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
301 "Some of the machines are available for individual developers to use, as long "
302 "as the developers follow the rules set forth in the <ulink "
303 "url=\"&url-dmup;\">Debian Machine Usage Policies</ulink>."
306 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
309 "Generally speaking, you can use these machines for Debian-related purposes "
310 "as you see fit. Please be kind to system administrators, and do not use up "
311 "tons and tons of disk space, network bandwidth, or CPU without first getting "
312 "the approval of the system administrators. Usually these machines are run "
316 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
319 "Please take care to protect your Debian passwords and SSH keys installed on "
320 "Debian machines. Avoid login or upload methods which send passwords over "
321 "the Internet in the clear, such as Telnet, FTP, POP etc."
324 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
327 "Please do not put any material that doesn't relate to Debian on the Debian "
328 "servers, unless you have prior permission."
331 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
334 "The current list of Debian machines is available at <ulink "
335 "url=\"&url-devel-machines;\"></ulink>. That web page contains machine "
336 "names, contact information, information about who can log in, SSH keys etc."
339 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
342 "If you have a problem with the operation of a Debian server, and you think "
343 "that the system operators need to be notified of this problem, you can check "
344 "the list of open issues in the DSA queue of our request tracker at <ulink "
345 "url=\"&url-rt;\" /> (you can login with user \"debian\", its password is "
347 "<filename>master.debian.org:&file-debian-rt-password;</filename>). To "
348 "report a new problem, simply send a mail to &email-rt-dsa; and make sure to "
349 "put the string \"Debian RT\" somewhere in the subject."
352 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
355 "If you have a problem with a certain service, not related to the system "
356 "administration (such as packages to be removed from the archive, suggestions "
357 "for the web site, etc.), generally you'll report a bug against a "
358 "``pseudo-package''. See <xref linkend=\"submit-bug\"/> for information on "
359 "how to submit bugs."
362 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
365 "Some of the core servers are restricted, but the information from there is "
366 "mirrored to another server."
369 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
371 msgid "The bugs server"
374 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
377 "<literal>&bugs-host;</literal> is the canonical location for the Bug "
378 "Tracking System (BTS)."
381 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
384 "If you plan on doing some statistical analysis or processing of Debian bugs, "
385 "this would be the place to do it. Please describe your plans on "
386 "&email-debian-devel; before implementing anything, however, to reduce "
387 "unnecessary duplication of effort or wasted processing time."
390 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
392 msgid "The ftp-master server"
395 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
398 "The <literal>&ftp-master-host;</literal> server holds the canonical copy of "
399 "the Debian archive. Generally, package uploaded to &ftp-upload-host; end up "
400 "on this server, see <xref linkend=\"upload\"/>."
403 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
406 "It is restricted; a mirror is available on "
407 "<literal>&ftp-master-mirror;</literal>."
410 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
413 "Problems with the Debian FTP archive generally need to be reported as bugs "
414 "against the <systemitem role=\"package\">&ftp-debian-org;</systemitem> "
415 "pseudo-package or an email to &email-ftpmaster;, but also see the procedures "
416 "in <xref linkend=\"archive-manip\"/>."
419 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
421 msgid "The www-master server"
424 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
427 "The main web server is <literal>www-master.debian.org</literal>. It holds "
428 "the official web pages, the face of Debian for most newbies."
431 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
434 "If you find a problem with the Debian web server, you should generally "
435 "submit a bug against the pseudo-package, <systemitem "
436 "role=\"package\">www.debian.org</systemitem>. Remember to check whether or "
437 "not someone else has already reported the problem to the <ulink "
438 "url=\"http://&bugs-host;/&www-debian-org;\">Bug Tracking System</ulink>."
441 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
443 msgid "The people web server"
446 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
449 "<literal>people.debian.org</literal> is the server used for developers' own "
450 "web pages about anything related to Debian."
453 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
456 "If you have some Debian-specific information which you want to serve on the "
457 "web, you can do this by putting material in the "
458 "<filename>public_html</filename> directory under your home directory on "
459 "<literal>people.debian.org</literal>. This will be accessible at the URL "
460 "<literal>http://people.debian.org/~<replaceable>your-user-id</replaceable>/</literal>."
463 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
466 "You should only use this particular location because it will be backed up, "
467 "whereas on other hosts it won't."
470 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
473 "Usually the only reason to use a different host is when you need to publish "
474 "materials subject to the U.S. export restrictions, in which case you can "
475 "use one of the other servers located outside the United States."
478 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
480 msgid "Send mail to &email-debian-devel; if you have any questions."
483 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
485 msgid "The VCS servers"
488 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
491 "If you need to use a Version Control System for any of your Debian work, you "
492 "can use one of the existing repositories hosted on Alioth or you can request "
493 "a new project and ask for the VCS repository of your choice. Alioth "
494 "supports CVS (cvs.alioth.debian.org/cvs.debian.org), Subversion "
495 "(svn.debian.org), Arch (tla/baz, both on arch.debian.org), Bazaar "
496 "(bzr.debian.org), Darcs (darcs.debian.org), Mercurial (hg.debian.org) and "
497 "Git (git.debian.org). Checkout <ulink url=\"&url-alioth-pkg;\" /> if you "
498 "plan to maintain packages in a VCS repository. See <xref "
499 "linkend=\"alioth\"/> for information on the services provided by Alioth."
502 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
504 msgid "chroots to different distributions"
507 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
510 "On some machines, there are chroots to different distributions available. "
511 "You can use them like this:"
514 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
518 "vore$ dchroot unstable\n"
519 "Executing shell in chroot: /org/vore.debian.org/chroots/user/unstable\n"
522 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
525 "In all chroots, the normal user home directories are available. You can "
526 "find out which chroots are available via <ulink "
527 "url=\"&url-devel-machines;\"></ulink>."
530 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
532 msgid "The Developers Database"
535 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
538 "The Developers Database, at <ulink url=\"&url-debian-db;\"></ulink>, is an "
539 "LDAP directory for managing Debian developer attributes. You can use this "
540 "resource to search the list of Debian developers. Part of this information "
541 "is also available through the finger service on Debian servers, try "
542 "<command>finger yourlogin@db.debian.org</command> to see what it reports."
545 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
548 "Developers can <ulink url=\"&url-debian-db-login;\">log into the "
549 "database</ulink> to change various information about themselves, such as:"
552 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
554 msgid "forwarding address for your debian.org email"
557 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
559 msgid "subscription to debian-private"
562 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
564 msgid "whether you are on vacation"
567 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
570 "personal information such as your address, country, the latitude and "
571 "longitude of the place where you live for use in <ulink "
572 "url=\"&url-worldmap;\">the world map of Debian developers</ulink>, phone and "
573 "fax numbers, IRC nickname and web page"
576 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
578 msgid "password and preferred shell on Debian Project machines"
581 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
584 "Most of the information is not accessible to the public, naturally. For "
585 "more information please read the online documentation that you can find at "
586 "<ulink url=\"&url-debian-db-doc;\"></ulink>."
589 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
592 "Developers can also submit their SSH keys to be used for authorization on "
593 "the official Debian machines, and even add new *.debian.net DNS entries. "
594 "Those features are documented at <ulink "
595 "url=\"&url-debian-db-mail-gw;\"></ulink>."
598 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
600 msgid "The Debian archive"
603 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
606 "The &debian-formal; distribution consists of a lot of packages (currently "
607 "around &number-of-pkgs; source packages) and a few additional files (such as "
608 "documentation and installation disk images)."
611 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
613 msgid "Here is an example directory tree of a complete Debian archive:"
616 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
619 "As you can see, the top-level directory contains two directories, "
620 "<filename>dists/</filename> and <filename>pool/</filename>. The latter is a "
621 "“pool” in which the packages actually are, and which is handled by the "
622 "archive maintenance database and the accompanying programs. The former "
623 "contains the distributions, <literal>stable</literal>, "
624 "<literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</literal>. The "
625 "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Sources</filename> files in the "
626 "distribution subdirectories can reference files in the "
627 "<filename>pool/</filename> directory. The directory tree below each of the "
628 "distributions is arranged in an identical manner. What we describe below "
629 "for <literal>stable</literal> is equally applicable to the "
630 "<literal>unstable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> distributions."
633 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
636 "<filename>dists/stable</filename> contains three directories, namely "
637 "<filename>main</filename>, <filename>contrib</filename>, and "
638 "<filename>non-free</filename>."
641 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
644 "In each of the areas, there is a directory for the source packages "
645 "(<filename>source</filename>) and a directory for each supported "
646 "architecture (<filename>binary-i386</filename>, "
647 "<filename>binary-amd64</filename>, etc.)."
650 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
653 "The <filename>main</filename> area contains additional directories which "
654 "hold the disk images and some essential pieces of documentation required for "
655 "installing the Debian distribution on a specific architecture "
656 "(<filename>disks-i386</filename>, <filename>disks-amd64</filename>, etc.)."
659 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
664 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
667 "The <literal>main</literal> section of the Debian archive is what makes up "
668 "the <emphasis role=\"strong\">official &debian-formal; "
669 "distribution</emphasis>. The <literal>main</literal> section is official "
670 "because it fully complies with all our guidelines. The other two sections "
671 "do not, to different degrees; as such, they are <emphasis "
672 "role=\"strong\">not</emphasis> officially part of &debian-formal;."
675 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
678 "Every package in the main section must fully comply with the <ulink "
679 "url=\"&url-dfsg;\">Debian Free Software Guidelines</ulink> (DFSG) and with "
680 "all other policy requirements as described in the <ulink "
681 "url=\"&url-debian-policy;\">Debian Policy Manual</ulink>. The DFSG is our "
682 "definition of “free software.” Check out the Debian Policy Manual for "
686 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
689 "Packages in the <literal>contrib</literal> section have to comply with the "
690 "DFSG, but may fail other requirements. For instance, they may depend on "
694 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
697 "Packages which do not conform to the DFSG are placed in the "
698 "<literal>non-free</literal> section. These packages are not considered as "
699 "part of the Debian distribution, though we enable their use, and we provide "
700 "infrastructure (such as our bug-tracking system and mailing lists) for "
701 "non-free software packages."
704 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
707 "The <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;\">Debian Policy Manual</ulink> contains "
708 "a more exact definition of the three sections. The above discussion is just "
712 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
715 "The separation of the three sections at the top-level of the archive is "
716 "important for all people who want to distribute Debian, either via FTP "
717 "servers on the Internet or on CD-ROMs: by distributing only the "
718 "<literal>main</literal> and <literal>contrib</literal> sections, one can "
719 "avoid any legal risks. Some packages in the <literal>non-free</literal> "
720 "section do not allow commercial distribution, for example."
723 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
726 "On the other hand, a CD-ROM vendor could easily check the individual package "
727 "licenses of the packages in <literal>non-free</literal> and include as many "
728 "on the CD-ROMs as it's allowed to. (Since this varies greatly from vendor "
729 "to vendor, this job can't be done by the Debian developers.)"
732 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
735 "Note that the term section is also used to refer to categories which "
736 "simplify the organization and browsing of available packages, e.g. "
737 "<literal>admin</literal>, <literal>net</literal>, <literal>utils</literal> "
738 "etc. Once upon a time, these sections (subsections, rather) existed in the "
739 "form of subdirectories within the Debian archive. Nowadays, these exist "
740 "only in the Section header fields of packages."
743 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
745 msgid "Architectures"
748 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
751 "In the first days, the Linux kernel was only available for Intel i386 (or "
752 "greater) platforms, and so was Debian. But as Linux became more and more "
753 "popular, the kernel was ported to other architectures and Debian started to "
754 "support them. And as if supporting so much hardware was not enough, Debian "
755 "decided to build some ports based on other Unix kernels, like "
756 "<literal>hurd</literal> and <literal>kfreebsd</literal>."
759 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
762 "&debian-formal; 1.3 was only available as <literal>i386</literal>. Debian "
763 "2.0 shipped for <literal>i386</literal> and <literal>m68k</literal> "
764 "architectures. Debian 2.1 shipped for the <literal>i386</literal>, "
765 "<literal>m68k</literal>, <literal>alpha</literal>, and "
766 "<literal>sparc</literal> architectures. Since then Debian has grown "
767 "hugely. Debian 6 supports a total of nine Linux architectures "
768 "(<literal>amd64</literal>, <literal>armel</literal>, "
769 "<literal>i386</literal>, <literal>ia64</literal>, <literal>mips</literal>, "
770 "<literal>mipsel</literal>, <literal>powerpc</literal>, "
771 "<literal>s390</literal>, <literal>sparc</literal>) and two kFreeBSD "
772 "architectures (<literal>kfreebsd-i386</literal> and "
773 "<literal>kfreebsd-amd64</literal>)."
776 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
779 "Information for developers and users about the specific ports are available "
780 "at the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-ports;\">Debian Ports web pages</ulink>."
783 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
788 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
791 "There are two types of Debian packages, namely <literal>source</literal> and "
792 "<literal>binary</literal> packages."
795 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
798 "Depending on the format of the source package, it will consist of one or "
799 "more files in addition to the mandatory <filename>.dsc</filename> file:"
802 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
805 "with format “1.0”, it has either a <filename>.tar.gz</filename> file or both "
806 "an <filename>.orig.tar.gz</filename> and a <filename>.diff.gz</filename> "
810 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
813 "with format “3.0 (quilt)”, it has a mandatory "
814 "<filename>.orig.tar.{gz,bz2,xz}</filename> upstream tarball, multiple "
816 "<filename>.orig-<replaceable>component</replaceable>.tar.{gz,bz2,xz}</filename> "
817 "additional upstream tarballs and a mandatory "
818 "<filename>debian.tar.{gz,bz2,xz}</filename> debian tarball;"
821 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
824 "with format “3.0 (native)”, it has only a single "
825 "<filename>.tar.{gz,bz2,xz}</filename> tarball."
828 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
831 "If a package is developed specially for Debian and is not distributed "
832 "outside of Debian, there is just one <filename>.tar.{gz,bz2,xz}</filename> "
833 "file which contains the sources of the program, it's called a “native” "
834 "source package. If a package is distributed elsewhere too, the "
835 "<filename>.orig.tar.{gz,bz2,xz}</filename> file stores the so-called "
836 "<literal>upstream source code</literal>, that is the source code that's "
837 "distributed by the <literal>upstream maintainer</literal> (often the author "
838 "of the software). In this case, the <filename>.diff.gz</filename> or the "
839 "<filename>debian.tar.{gz,bz2,xz}</filename> contains the changes made by the "
843 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
846 "The <filename>.dsc</filename> file lists all the files in the source package "
847 "together with checksums (<command>md5sums</command>) and some additional "
848 "info about the package (maintainer, version, etc.)."
851 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
853 msgid "Distributions"
856 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
859 "The directory system described in the previous chapter is itself contained "
860 "within <literal>distribution directories</literal>. Each distribution is "
861 "actually contained in the <filename>pool</filename> directory in the "
862 "top-level of the Debian archive itself."
865 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
868 "To summarize, the Debian archive has a root directory within an FTP server. "
869 "For instance, at the mirror site, <literal>ftp.us.debian.org</literal>, the "
870 "Debian archive itself is contained in <ulink "
871 "url=\"ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian\">/debian</ulink>, which is a common "
872 "location (another is <filename>/pub/debian</filename>)."
875 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
878 "A distribution comprises Debian source and binary packages, and the "
879 "respective <filename>Sources</filename> and <filename>Packages</filename> "
880 "index files, containing the header information from all those packages. The "
881 "former are kept in the <filename>pool/</filename> directory, while the "
882 "latter are kept in the <filename>dists/</filename> directory of the archive "
883 "(for backwards compatibility)."
886 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title>
888 msgid "Stable, testing, and unstable"
891 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
894 "There are always distributions called <literal>stable</literal> (residing in "
895 "<filename>dists/stable</filename>), <literal>testing</literal> (residing in "
896 "<filename>dists/testing</filename>), and <literal>unstable</literal> "
897 "(residing in <filename>dists/unstable</filename>). This reflects the "
898 "development process of the Debian project."
901 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
904 "Active development is done in the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution "
905 "(that's why this distribution is sometimes called the <literal>development "
906 "distribution</literal>). Every Debian developer can update his or her "
907 "packages in this distribution at any time. Thus, the contents of this "
908 "distribution change from day to day. Since no special effort is made to "
909 "make sure everything in this distribution is working properly, it is "
910 "sometimes literally unstable."
913 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
916 "The <link linkend=\"testing\">testing</link> distribution is generated "
917 "automatically by taking packages from <literal>unstable</literal> if they "
918 "satisfy certain criteria. Those criteria should ensure a good quality for "
919 "packages within <literal>testing</literal>. The update to "
920 "<literal>testing</literal> is launched twice each day, right after the new "
921 "packages have been installed. See <xref linkend=\"testing\"/>."
924 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
927 "After a period of development, once the release manager deems fit, the "
928 "<literal>testing</literal> distribution is frozen, meaning that the policies "
929 "which control how packages move from <literal>unstable</literal> to "
930 "<literal>testing</literal> are tightened. Packages which are too buggy are "
931 "removed. No changes are allowed into <literal>testing</literal> except for "
932 "bug fixes. After some time has elapsed, depending on progress, the "
933 "<literal>testing</literal> distribution is frozen even further. Details of "
934 "the handling of the testing distribution are published by the Release Team "
935 "on debian-devel-announce. After the open issues are solved to the "
936 "satisfaction of the Release Team, the distribution is released. Releasing "
937 "means that <literal>testing</literal> is renamed to "
938 "<literal>stable</literal>, and a new copy is created for the new "
939 "<literal>testing</literal>, and the previous <literal>stable</literal> is "
940 "renamed to <literal>oldstable</literal> and stays there until it is finally "
941 "archived. On archiving, the contents are moved to "
942 "<literal>&archive-host;</literal>."
945 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
948 "This development cycle is based on the assumption that the "
949 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution becomes <literal>stable</literal> "
950 "after passing a period of being in <literal>testing</literal>. Even once a "
951 "distribution is considered stable, a few bugs inevitably remain — that's why "
952 "the stable distribution is updated every now and then. However, these "
953 "updates are tested very carefully and have to be introduced into the archive "
954 "individually to reduce the risk of introducing new bugs. You can find "
955 "proposed additions to <literal>stable</literal> in the "
956 "<filename>proposed-updates</filename> directory. Those packages in "
957 "<filename>proposed-updates</filename> that pass muster are periodically "
958 "moved as a batch into the stable distribution and the revision level of the "
959 "stable distribution is incremented (e.g., ‘6.0’ becomes ‘6.0.1’, ‘5.0.7’ "
960 "becomes ‘5.0.8’, and so forth). Please refer to <link "
961 "linkend=\"upload-stable\">uploads to the <literal>stable</literal> "
962 "distribution</link> for details."
965 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
968 "Note that development under <literal>unstable</literal> continues during the "
969 "freeze period, since the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution remains in "
970 "place in parallel with <literal>testing</literal>."
973 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title>
975 msgid "More information about the testing distribution"
978 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
981 "Packages are usually installed into the <literal>testing</literal> "
982 "distribution after they have undergone some degree of testing in "
983 "<literal>unstable</literal>."
986 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
989 "For more details, please see the <link linkend=\"testing\">information about "
990 "the testing distribution</link>."
993 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title>
998 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1001 "The <literal>experimental</literal> distribution is a special distribution. "
1002 "It is not a full distribution in the same sense as "
1003 "<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal> and "
1004 "<literal>unstable</literal> are. Instead, it is meant to be a temporary "
1005 "staging area for highly experimental software where there's a good chance "
1006 "that the software could break your system, or software that's just too "
1007 "unstable even for the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution (but there is "
1008 "a reason to package it nevertheless). Users who download and install "
1009 "packages from <literal>experimental</literal> are expected to have been duly "
1010 "warned. In short, all bets are off for the <literal>experimental</literal> "
1014 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1015 #: resources.dbk:712
1017 "These are the <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>sources.list</refentrytitle> "
1018 "<manvolnum>5</manvolnum> </citerefentry> lines for "
1019 "<literal>experimental</literal>:"
1022 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><programlisting>
1023 #: resources.dbk:717
1026 "deb http://ftp.<replaceable>xy</replaceable>.debian.org/debian/ experimental "
1028 "deb-src http://ftp.<replaceable>xy</replaceable>.debian.org/debian/ "
1029 "experimental main\n"
1032 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1033 #: resources.dbk:721
1035 "If there is a chance that the software could do grave damage to a system, it "
1036 "is likely to be better to put it into <literal>experimental</literal>. For "
1037 "instance, an experimental compressed file system should probably go into "
1038 "<literal>experimental</literal>."
1041 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1042 #: resources.dbk:727
1044 "Whenever there is a new upstream version of a package that introduces new "
1045 "features but breaks a lot of old ones, it should either not be uploaded, or "
1046 "be uploaded to <literal>experimental</literal>. A new, beta, version of "
1047 "some software which uses a completely different configuration can go into "
1048 "<literal>experimental</literal>, at the maintainer's discretion. If you are "
1049 "working on an incompatible or complex upgrade situation, you can also use "
1050 "<literal>experimental</literal> as a staging area, so that testers can get "
1054 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1055 #: resources.dbk:737
1057 "Some experimental software can still go into <literal>unstable</literal>, "
1058 "with a few warnings in the description, but that isn't recommended because "
1059 "packages from <literal>unstable</literal> are expected to propagate to "
1060 "<literal>testing</literal> and thus to <literal>stable</literal>. You "
1061 "should not be afraid to use <literal>experimental</literal> since it does "
1062 "not cause any pain to the ftpmasters, the experimental packages are "
1063 "periodically removed once you upload the package in "
1064 "<literal>unstable</literal> with a higher version number."
1067 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1068 #: resources.dbk:747
1070 "New software which isn't likely to damage your system can go directly into "
1071 "<literal>unstable</literal>."
1074 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1075 #: resources.dbk:751
1077 "An alternative to <literal>experimental</literal> is to use your personal "
1078 "web space on <literal>people.debian.org</literal>."
1081 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1082 #: resources.dbk:759
1083 msgid "Release code names"
1086 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1087 #: resources.dbk:761
1089 "Every released Debian distribution has a <literal>code name</literal>: "
1090 "Debian 1.1 is called <literal>buzz</literal>; Debian 1.2, "
1091 "<literal>rex</literal>; Debian 1.3, <literal>bo</literal>; Debian 2.0, "
1092 "<literal>hamm</literal>; Debian 2.1, <literal>slink</literal>; Debian 2.2, "
1093 "<literal>potato</literal>; Debian 3.0, <literal>woody</literal>; Debian 3.1, "
1094 "<literal>sarge</literal>; Debian 4.0, <literal>etch</literal>; Debian 5.0, "
1095 "<literal>lenny</literal>; Debian 6.0, <literal>squeeze</literal> and the "
1096 "next release will be called <literal>wheezy</literal>. There is also a "
1097 "``pseudo-distribution'', called <literal>sid</literal>, which is the current "
1098 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution; since packages are moved from "
1099 "<literal>unstable</literal> to <literal>testing</literal> as they approach "
1100 "stability, <literal>sid</literal> itself is never released. As well as the "
1101 "usual contents of a Debian distribution, <literal>sid</literal> contains "
1102 "packages for architectures which are not yet officially supported or "
1103 "released by Debian. These architectures are planned to be integrated into "
1104 "the mainstream distribution at some future date."
1107 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1108 #: resources.dbk:780
1110 "Since Debian has an open development model (i.e., everyone can participate "
1111 "and follow the development) even the <literal>unstable</literal> and "
1112 "<literal> testing</literal> distributions are distributed to the Internet "
1113 "through the Debian FTP and HTTP server network. Thus, if we had called the "
1114 "directory which contains the release candidate version "
1115 "<literal>testing</literal>, then we would have to rename it to "
1116 "<literal>stable</literal> when the version is released, which would cause "
1117 "all FTP mirrors to re-retrieve the whole distribution (which is quite "
1121 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1122 #: resources.dbk:790
1124 "On the other hand, if we called the distribution directories "
1125 "<literal>Debian-x.y</literal> from the beginning, people would think that "
1126 "Debian release <literal>x.y</literal> is available. (This happened in the "
1127 "past, where a CD-ROM vendor built a Debian 1.0 CD-ROM based on a pre-1.0 "
1128 "development version. That's the reason why the first official Debian "
1129 "release was 1.1, and not 1.0.)"
1132 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1133 #: resources.dbk:798
1135 "Thus, the names of the distribution directories in the archive are "
1136 "determined by their code names and not their release status (e.g., "
1137 "`squeeze'). These names stay the same during the development period and "
1138 "after the release; symbolic links, which can be changed easily, indicate the "
1139 "currently released stable distribution. That's why the real distribution "
1140 "directories use the <literal>code names</literal>, while symbolic links for "
1141 "<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, and "
1142 "<literal>unstable</literal> point to the appropriate release directories."
1145 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1146 #: resources.dbk:812
1147 msgid "Debian mirrors"
1150 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1151 #: resources.dbk:814
1153 "The various download archives and the web site have several mirrors "
1154 "available in order to relieve our canonical servers from heavy load. In "
1155 "fact, some of the canonical servers aren't public — a first tier of mirrors "
1156 "balances the load instead. That way, users always access the mirrors and "
1157 "get used to using them, which allows Debian to better spread its bandwidth "
1158 "requirements over several servers and networks, and basically makes users "
1159 "avoid hammering on one primary location. Note that the first tier of "
1160 "mirrors is as up-to-date as it can be since they update when triggered from "
1161 "the internal sites (we call this push mirroring)."
1164 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1165 #: resources.dbk:825
1167 "All the information on Debian mirrors, including a list of the available "
1168 "public FTP/HTTP servers, can be found at <ulink "
1169 "url=\"&url-debian-mirrors;\"></ulink>. This useful page also includes "
1170 "information and tools which can be helpful if you are interested in setting "
1171 "up your own mirror, either for internal or public access."
1174 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1175 #: resources.dbk:832
1177 "Note that mirrors are generally run by third-parties who are interested in "
1178 "helping Debian. As such, developers generally do not have accounts on these "
1182 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1183 #: resources.dbk:839
1184 msgid "The Incoming system"
1187 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1188 #: resources.dbk:841
1190 "The Incoming system is responsible for collecting updated packages and "
1191 "installing them in the Debian archive. It consists of a set of directories "
1192 "and scripts that are installed on <literal>&ftp-master-host;</literal>."
1195 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1196 #: resources.dbk:846
1198 "Packages are uploaded by all the maintainers into a directory called "
1199 "<filename>UploadQueue</filename>. This directory is scanned every few "
1200 "minutes by a daemon called <command>queued</command>, "
1201 "<filename>*.command</filename>-files are executed, and remaining and "
1202 "correctly signed <filename>*.changes</filename>-files are moved together "
1203 "with their corresponding files to the <filename>unchecked</filename> "
1204 "directory. This directory is not visible for most Developers, as ftp-master "
1205 "is restricted; it is scanned every 15 minutes by the <command>dak "
1206 "process-upload</command> script, which verifies the integrity of the "
1207 "uploaded packages and their cryptographic signatures. If the package is "
1208 "considered ready to be installed, it is moved into the "
1209 "<filename>done</filename> directory. If this is the first upload of the "
1210 "package (or it has new binary packages), it is moved to the "
1211 "<filename>new</filename> directory, where it waits for approval by the "
1212 "ftpmasters. If the package contains files to be installed by hand it is "
1213 "moved to the <filename>byhand</filename> directory, where it waits for "
1214 "manual installation by the ftpmasters. Otherwise, if any error has been "
1215 "detected, the package is refused and is moved to the "
1216 "<filename>reject</filename> directory."
1219 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1220 #: resources.dbk:865
1222 "Once the package is accepted, the system sends a confirmation mail to the "
1223 "maintainer and closes all the bugs marked as fixed by the upload, and the "
1224 "auto-builders may start recompiling it. The package is now publicly "
1225 "accessible at <ulink url=\"&url-incoming;\"></ulink> until it is really "
1226 "installed in the Debian archive. This happens four times a day (and is also "
1227 "called the `dinstall run' for historical reasons); the package is then "
1228 "removed from incoming and installed in the pool along with all the other "
1229 "packages. Once all the other updates (generating new "
1230 "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Sources</filename> index files "
1231 "for example) have been made, a special script is called to ask all the "
1232 "primary mirrors to update themselves."
1235 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1236 #: resources.dbk:877
1238 "The archive maintenance software will also send the OpenPGP/GnuPG signed "
1239 "<filename>.changes</filename> file that you uploaded to the appropriate "
1240 "mailing lists. If a package is released with the "
1241 "<literal>Distribution</literal> set to <literal>stable</literal>, the "
1242 "announcement is sent to &email-debian-changes;. If a package is released "
1243 "with <literal>Distribution</literal> set to <literal>unstable</literal> or "
1244 "<literal>experimental</literal>, the announcement will be posted to "
1245 "&email-debian-devel-changes; instead."
1248 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1249 #: resources.dbk:887
1251 "Though ftp-master is restricted, a copy of the installation is available to "
1252 "all developers on <literal>&ftp-master-mirror;</literal>."
1255 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1256 #: resources.dbk:950
1257 msgid "Package information"
1260 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1261 #: resources.dbk:952
1265 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1266 #: resources.dbk:954
1268 "Each package has several dedicated web pages. "
1269 "<literal>http://&packages-host;/<replaceable>package-name</replaceable></literal> "
1270 "displays each version of the package available in the various "
1271 "distributions. Each version links to a page which provides information, "
1272 "including the package description, the dependencies, and package download "
1276 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1277 #: resources.dbk:961
1279 "The bug tracking system tracks bugs for each package. You can view the bugs "
1280 "of a given package at the URL "
1281 "<literal>http://&bugs-host;/<replaceable>package-name</replaceable></literal>."
1284 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1285 #: resources.dbk:968
1286 msgid "The <command>dak ls</command> utility"
1289 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1290 #: resources.dbk:970
1292 "<command>dak ls</command> is part of the dak suite of tools, listing "
1293 "available package versions for all known distributions and architectures. "
1294 "The <command>dak</command> tool is available on "
1295 "<literal>&ftp-master-host;</literal>, and on the mirror on "
1296 "<literal>&ftp-master-mirror;</literal>. It uses a single argument "
1297 "corresponding to a package name. An example will explain it better:"
1300 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
1301 #: resources.dbk:978
1305 "evince | 0.1.5-2sarge1 | oldstable | source, alpha, arm, hppa, i386, "
1306 "ia64, m68k, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, sparc\n"
1307 "evince | 0.4.0-5 | etch-m68k | source, m68k\n"
1308 "evince | 0.4.0-5 | stable | source, alpha, amd64, arm, hppa, i386, "
1309 "ia64, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, sparc\n"
1310 "evince | 2.20.2-1 | testing | source\n"
1311 "evince | 2.20.2-1+b1 | testing | alpha, amd64, arm, armel, hppa, i386, "
1312 "ia64, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, sparc\n"
1313 "evince | 2.22.2-1 | unstable | source, alpha, amd64, arm, armel, "
1314 "hppa, i386, ia64, m68k, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, sparc\n"
1317 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1318 #: resources.dbk:987
1320 "In this example, you can see that the version in <literal>unstable</literal> "
1321 "differs from the version in <literal>testing</literal> and that there has "
1322 "been a binary-only NMU of the package for all architectures. Each version "
1323 "of the package has been recompiled on all architectures."
1326 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1327 #: resources.dbk:997
1328 msgid "The Package Tracking System"
1331 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1332 #: resources.dbk:999
1334 "The Package Tracking System (PTS) is an email-based tool to track the "
1335 "activity of a source package. This really means that you can get the same "
1336 "emails that the package maintainer gets, simply by subscribing to the "
1337 "package in the PTS."
1340 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1341 #: resources.dbk:1004
1343 "Each email sent through the PTS is classified under one of the keywords "
1344 "listed below. This will let you select the mails that you want to receive."
1347 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1348 #: resources.dbk:1008
1349 msgid "By default you will get:"
1352 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1353 #: resources.dbk:1012
1354 msgid "<literal>bts</literal>"
1357 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1358 #: resources.dbk:1015
1359 msgid "All the bug reports and following discussions."
1362 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1363 #: resources.dbk:1020
1364 msgid "<literal>bts-control</literal>"
1367 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1368 #: resources.dbk:1023
1370 "The email notifications from <email>control@&bugs-host;</email> about bug "
1371 "report status changes."
1374 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1375 #: resources.dbk:1029
1376 msgid "<literal>upload-source</literal>"
1379 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1380 #: resources.dbk:1032
1382 "The email notification from <command>dak</command> when an uploaded source "
1383 "package is accepted."
1386 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1387 #: resources.dbk:1038
1388 msgid "<literal>katie-other</literal>"
1391 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1392 #: resources.dbk:1041
1394 "Other warning and error emails from <command>dak</command> (such as an "
1395 "override disparity for the section and/or the priority field)."
1398 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1399 #: resources.dbk:1047
1400 msgid "<literal>buildd</literal>"
1403 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1404 #: resources.dbk:1050
1406 "Build failures notifications sent by the network of build daemons, they "
1407 "contain a pointer to the build logs for analysis."
1410 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1411 #: resources.dbk:1056
1412 msgid "<literal>default</literal>"
1415 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1416 #: resources.dbk:1059
1418 "Any non-automatic email sent to the PTS by people who wanted to contact the "
1419 "subscribers of the package. This can be done by sending mail to "
1420 "<literal><replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable>@&pts-host;</literal>. In "
1421 "order to prevent spam, all messages sent to these addresses must contain the "
1422 "<literal>X-PTS-Approved</literal> header with a non-empty value."
1425 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1426 #: resources.dbk:1068
1427 msgid "<literal>contact</literal>"
1430 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1431 #: resources.dbk:1071
1433 "Mails sent to the maintainer through the *@packages.debian.org email "
1437 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1438 #: resources.dbk:1077
1439 msgid "<literal>summary</literal>"
1442 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1443 #: resources.dbk:1080
1445 "Regular summary emails about the package's status, including progression "
1446 "into <literal>testing</literal>, <ulink url=\"&url-dehs;\">DEHS</ulink> "
1447 "notifications of new upstream versions, and a notification if the package is "
1448 "removed or orphaned."
1451 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1452 #: resources.dbk:1090
1453 msgid "You can also decide to receive additional information:"
1456 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1457 #: resources.dbk:1094
1458 msgid "<literal>upload-binary</literal>"
1461 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1462 #: resources.dbk:1097
1464 "The email notification from <command>katie</command> when an uploaded binary "
1465 "package is accepted. In other words, whenever a build daemon or a porter "
1466 "uploads your package for another architecture, you can get an email to track "
1467 "how your package gets recompiled for all architectures."
1470 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1471 #: resources.dbk:1105
1472 msgid "<literal>cvs</literal>"
1475 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1476 #: resources.dbk:1108
1478 "VCS commit notifications, if the package has a VCS repository and the "
1479 "maintainer has set up forwarding of commit notifications to the PTS. The "
1480 "\"cvs\" name is historic, in most cases commit notifications will come from "
1481 "some other VCS like subversion or git."
1484 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1485 #: resources.dbk:1116
1486 msgid "<literal>ddtp</literal>"
1489 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1490 #: resources.dbk:1119
1492 "Translations of descriptions or debconf templates submitted to the Debian "
1493 "Description Translation Project."
1496 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1497 #: resources.dbk:1125
1498 msgid "<literal>derivatives</literal>"
1501 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1502 #: resources.dbk:1128
1504 "Information about changes made to the package in derivative distributions "
1505 "(for example Ubuntu)."
1508 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1509 #: resources.dbk:1134
1510 msgid "<literal>derivatives-bugs</literal>"
1513 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1514 #: resources.dbk:1137
1516 "Bugs reports and comments from derivative distributions (for example "
1520 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1521 #: resources.dbk:1143
1522 msgid "The PTS email interface"
1525 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1526 #: resources.dbk:1145
1528 "You can control your subscription(s) to the PTS by sending various commands "
1529 "to <email>pts@qa.debian.org</email>."
1532 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1533 #: resources.dbk:1150
1534 msgid "<literal>subscribe <sourcepackage> [<email>]</literal>"
1537 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1538 #: resources.dbk:1153
1540 "Subscribes <replaceable>email</replaceable> to communications related to the "
1541 "source package <replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable>. Sender address is "
1542 "used if the second argument is not present. If "
1543 "<replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable> is not a valid source package, "
1544 "you'll get a warning. However if it's a valid binary package, the PTS will "
1545 "subscribe you to the corresponding source package."
1548 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1549 #: resources.dbk:1163
1550 msgid "<literal>unsubscribe <sourcepackage> [<email>]</literal>"
1553 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1554 #: resources.dbk:1166
1556 "Removes a previous subscription to the source package "
1557 "<replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable> using the specified email address "
1558 "or the sender address if the second argument is left out."
1561 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1562 #: resources.dbk:1173
1563 msgid "<literal>unsubscribeall [<email>]</literal>"
1566 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1567 #: resources.dbk:1176
1569 "Removes all subscriptions of the specified email address or the sender "
1570 "address if the second argument is left out."
1573 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1574 #: resources.dbk:1182
1575 msgid "<literal>which [<email>]</literal>"
1578 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1579 #: resources.dbk:1185
1581 "Lists all subscriptions for the sender or the email address optionally "
1585 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1586 #: resources.dbk:1191
1587 msgid "<literal>keyword [<email>]</literal>"
1590 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1591 #: resources.dbk:1194
1593 "Tells you the keywords that you are accepting. For an explanation of "
1594 "keywords, <link linkend=\"pkg-tracking-system\">see above</link>. Here's a "
1598 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1599 #: resources.dbk:1201
1600 msgid "<literal>bts</literal>: mails coming from the Debian Bug Tracking System"
1603 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1604 #: resources.dbk:1206
1605 msgid "<literal>bts-control</literal>: reply to mails sent to &email-bts-control;"
1608 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1609 #: resources.dbk:1212
1611 "<literal>summary</literal>: automatic summary mails about the state of a "
1615 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1616 #: resources.dbk:1218
1618 "<literal>contact</literal>: mails sent to the maintainer through the "
1619 "*@packages.debian.org aliases"
1622 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1623 #: resources.dbk:1224
1624 msgid "<literal>cvs</literal>: notification of VCS commits"
1627 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1628 #: resources.dbk:1229
1629 msgid "<literal>ddtp</literal>: translations of descriptions and debconf templates"
1632 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1633 #: resources.dbk:1234
1635 "<literal>derivatives</literal>: changes made on the package by derivative "
1639 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1640 #: resources.dbk:1240
1642 "<literal>derivatives-bugs</literal>: bugs reports and comments from "
1643 "derivative distributions"
1646 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1647 #: resources.dbk:1246
1649 "<literal>upload-source</literal>: announce of a new source upload that has "
1653 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1654 #: resources.dbk:1252
1656 "<literal>upload-binary</literal>: announce of a new binary-only upload "
1660 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1661 #: resources.dbk:1258
1663 "<literal>katie-other</literal>: other mails from ftpmasters (override "
1667 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1668 #: resources.dbk:1264
1669 msgid "<literal>buildd</literal>: build failures notifications from build daemons"
1672 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1673 #: resources.dbk:1269
1675 "<literal>default</literal>: all the other mails (those which aren't "
1679 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1680 #: resources.dbk:1276
1681 msgid "<literal>keyword <sourcepackage> [<email>]</literal>"
1684 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1685 #: resources.dbk:1279
1687 "Same as the previous item but for the given source package, since you may "
1688 "select a different set of keywords for each source package."
1691 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1692 #: resources.dbk:1285
1693 msgid "<literal>keyword [<email>] {+|-|=} <list of keywords></literal>"
1696 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1697 #: resources.dbk:1288
1699 "Accept (+) or refuse (-) mails classified under the given keyword(s). "
1700 "Define the list (=) of accepted keywords. This changes the default set of "
1701 "keywords accepted by a user."
1704 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1705 #: resources.dbk:1295
1707 "<literal>keywordall [<email>] {+|-|=} <list of "
1708 "keywords></literal>"
1711 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1712 #: resources.dbk:1298
1714 "Accept (+) or refuse (-) mails classified under the given keyword(s). "
1715 "Define the list (=) of accepted keywords. This changes the set of accepted "
1716 "keywords of all the currently active subscriptions of a user."
1719 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1720 #: resources.dbk:1305
1722 "<literal>keyword <sourcepackage> [<email>] {+|-|=} <list of "
1723 "keywords></literal>"
1726 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1727 #: resources.dbk:1308
1729 "Same as previous item but overrides the keywords list for the indicated "
1733 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1734 #: resources.dbk:1314
1735 msgid "<literal>quit | thanks | --</literal>"
1738 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1739 #: resources.dbk:1317
1740 msgid "Stops processing commands. All following lines are ignored by the bot."
1743 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1744 #: resources.dbk:1323
1746 "The <command>pts-subscribe</command> command-line utility (from the "
1747 "<systemitem role=\"package\">devscripts</systemitem> package) can be handy "
1748 "to temporarily subscribe to some packages, for example after having made an "
1749 "non-maintainer upload."
1752 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1753 #: resources.dbk:1331
1754 msgid "Filtering PTS mails"
1757 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1758 #: resources.dbk:1333
1760 "Once you are subscribed to a package, you will get the mails sent to "
1761 "<literal><replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable>@&pts-host;</literal>. "
1762 "Those mails have special headers appended to let you filter them in a "
1763 "special mailbox (e.g. with <command>procmail</command>). The added headers "
1764 "are <literal>X-Loop</literal>, <literal>X-PTS-Package</literal>, "
1765 "<literal>X-PTS-Keyword</literal> and <literal>X-Unsubscribe</literal>."
1768 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1769 #: resources.dbk:1341
1771 "Here is an example of added headers for a source upload notification on the "
1772 "<systemitem role=\"package\">dpkg</systemitem> package:"
1775 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
1776 #: resources.dbk:1345
1779 "X-Loop: dpkg@&pts-host;\n"
1780 "X-PTS-Package: dpkg\n"
1781 "X-PTS-Keyword: upload-source\n"
1782 "List-Unsubscribe: <mailto:pts@qa.debian.org?body=unsubscribe+dpkg>\n"
1785 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1786 #: resources.dbk:1353
1787 msgid "Forwarding VCS commits in the PTS"
1790 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1791 #: resources.dbk:1355
1793 "If you use a publicly accessible VCS repository for maintaining your Debian "
1794 "package, you may want to forward the commit notification to the PTS so that "
1795 "the subscribers (and possible co-maintainers) can closely follow the "
1796 "package's evolution."
1799 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1800 #: resources.dbk:1361
1802 "Once you set up the VCS repository to generate commit notifications, you "
1803 "just have to make sure it sends a copy of those mails to "
1804 "<literal><replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable>_cvs@&pts-host;</literal>. "
1805 "Only the people who accept the <literal>cvs</literal> keyword will receive "
1806 "these notifications. Note that the mail needs to be sent from a "
1807 "<literal>debian.org</literal> machine, otherwise you'll have to add the "
1808 "<literal>X-PTS-Approved: 1</literal> header."
1811 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1812 #: resources.dbk:1370
1814 "For Subversion repositories, the usage of svnmailer is recommended. See "
1815 "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth-pkg;\" /> for an example on how to do it."
1818 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1819 #: resources.dbk:1376
1820 msgid "The PTS web interface"
1823 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1824 #: resources.dbk:1378
1826 "The PTS has a web interface at <ulink url=\"http://&pts-host;/\"></ulink> "
1827 "that puts together a lot of information about each source package. It "
1828 "features many useful links (BTS, QA stats, contact information, DDTP "
1829 "translation status, buildd logs) and gathers much more information from "
1830 "various places (30 latest changelog entries, testing status, etc.). It's a "
1831 "very useful tool if you want to know what's going on with a specific source "
1832 "package. Furthermore there's a form that allows easy subscription to the "
1836 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1837 #: resources.dbk:1388
1839 "You can jump directly to the web page concerning a specific source package "
1841 "<literal>http://&pts-host;/<replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable></literal>."
1844 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1845 #: resources.dbk:1393
1847 "This web interface has been designed like a portal for the development of "
1848 "packages: you can add custom content on your packages' pages. You can add "
1849 "static information (news items that are meant to stay available "
1850 "indefinitely) and news items in the latest news section."
1853 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1854 #: resources.dbk:1399
1855 msgid "Static news items can be used to indicate:"
1858 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1859 #: resources.dbk:1404
1861 "the availability of a project hosted on <link "
1862 "linkend=\"alioth\">Alioth</link> for co-maintaining the package"
1865 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1866 #: resources.dbk:1410
1867 msgid "a link to the upstream web site"
1870 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1871 #: resources.dbk:1415
1872 msgid "a link to the upstream bug tracker"
1875 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1876 #: resources.dbk:1420
1877 msgid "the existence of an IRC channel dedicated to the software"
1880 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1881 #: resources.dbk:1425
1883 "any other available resource that could be useful in the maintenance of the "
1887 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1888 #: resources.dbk:1431
1889 msgid "Usual news items may be used to announce that:"
1892 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1893 #: resources.dbk:1436
1894 msgid "beta packages are available for testing"
1897 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1898 #: resources.dbk:1441
1899 msgid "final packages are expected for next week"
1902 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1903 #: resources.dbk:1446
1904 msgid "the packaging is about to be redone from scratch"
1907 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1908 #: resources.dbk:1451
1909 msgid "backports are available"
1912 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1913 #: resources.dbk:1456
1914 msgid "the maintainer is on vacation (if they wish to publish this information)"
1917 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1918 #: resources.dbk:1461
1919 msgid "a NMU is being worked on"
1922 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1923 #: resources.dbk:1466
1924 msgid "something important will affect the package"
1927 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1928 #: resources.dbk:1471
1930 "Both kinds of news are generated in a similar manner: you just have to send "
1931 "an email either to <email>pts-static-news@qa.debian.org</email> or to "
1932 "<email>pts-news@qa.debian.org</email>. The mail should indicate which "
1933 "package is concerned by having the name of the source package in a "
1934 "<literal>X-PTS-Package</literal> mail header or in a "
1935 "<literal>Package</literal> pseudo-header (like the BTS reports). If a URL "
1936 "is available in the <literal>X-PTS-Url</literal> mail header or in the "
1937 "<literal>Url</literal> pseudo-header, then the result is a link to that URL "
1938 "instead of a complete news item."
1941 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1942 #: resources.dbk:1482
1944 "Here are a few examples of valid mails used to generate news items in the "
1945 "PTS. The first one adds a link to the viewsvn interface of debian-cd in the "
1946 "Static information section:"
1949 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
1950 #: resources.dbk:1487
1953 "From: Raphael Hertzog <hertzog@debian.org>\n"
1954 "To: pts-static-news@qa.debian.org\n"
1955 "Subject: Browse debian-cd SVN repository\n"
1957 "Package: debian-cd\n"
1958 "Url: http://svn.debian.org/viewsvn/debian-cd/trunk/\n"
1961 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1962 #: resources.dbk:1495
1964 "The second one is an announcement sent to a mailing list which is also sent "
1965 "to the PTS so that it is published on the PTS web page of the package. Note "
1966 "the use of the BCC field to avoid answers sent to the PTS by mistake."
1969 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
1970 #: resources.dbk:1500
1973 "From: Raphael Hertzog <hertzog@debian.org>\n"
1974 "To: debian-gtk-gnome@&lists-host;\n"
1975 "Bcc: pts-news@qa.debian.org\n"
1976 "Subject: Galeon 2.0 backported for woody\n"
1977 "X-PTS-Package: galeon\n"
1981 "I'm glad to announce that galeon has been backported for woody. You'll "
1983 "everything here:\n"
1987 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1988 #: resources.dbk:1513
1990 "Think twice before adding a news item to the PTS because you won't be able "
1991 "to remove it later and you won't be able to edit it either. The only thing "
1992 "that you can do is send a second news item that will deprecate the "
1993 "information contained in the previous one."
1996 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1997 #: resources.dbk:1523
1998 msgid "Developer's packages overview"
2001 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2002 #: resources.dbk:1525
2004 "A QA (quality assurance) web portal is available at <ulink "
2005 "url=\"&url-ddpo;\"></ulink> which displays a table listing all the packages "
2006 "of a single developer (including those where the party is listed as a "
2007 "co-maintainer). The table gives a good summary about the developer's "
2008 "packages: number of bugs by severity, list of available versions in each "
2009 "distribution, testing status and much more including links to any other "
2010 "useful information."
2013 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2014 #: resources.dbk:1534
2016 "It is a good idea to look up your own data regularly so that you don't "
2017 "forget any open bugs, and so that you don't forget which packages are your "
2021 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
2022 #: resources.dbk:1541
2023 msgid "Debian's FusionForge installation: Alioth"
2026 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2027 #: resources.dbk:1543
2029 "Alioth is a Debian service based on a slightly modified version of the "
2030 "FusionForge software (which evolved from SourceForge and GForge). This "
2031 "software offers developers access to easy-to-use tools such as bug trackers, "
2032 "patch manager, project/task managers, file hosting services, mailing lists, "
2033 "VCS repositories etc. All these tools are managed via a web interface."
2036 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2037 #: resources.dbk:1550
2039 "It is intended to provide facilities to free software projects backed or led "
2040 "by Debian, facilitate contributions from external developers to projects "
2041 "started by Debian, and help projects whose goals are the promotion of Debian "
2042 "or its derivatives. It's heavily used by many Debian teams and provides "
2043 "hosting for all sorts of VCS repositories."
2046 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2047 #: resources.dbk:1557
2049 "All Debian developers automatically have an account on Alioth. They can "
2050 "activate it by using the recover password facility. External developers can "
2051 "request guest accounts on Alioth."
2054 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2055 #: resources.dbk:1562
2056 msgid "For more information please visit the following links:"
2059 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
2060 #: resources.dbk:1565
2061 msgid "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth-wiki;\" />"
2064 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
2065 #: resources.dbk:1566
2066 msgid "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth-faq;\" />"
2069 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
2070 #: resources.dbk:1567
2071 msgid "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth-pkg;\" />"
2074 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
2075 #: resources.dbk:1568
2076 msgid "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth;\" />"
2079 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
2080 #: resources.dbk:1573
2081 msgid "Goodies for Developers"
2084 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
2085 #: resources.dbk:1575
2086 msgid "LWN Subscriptions"
2089 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
2090 #: resources.dbk:1577
2092 "Since October of 2002, HP has sponsored a subscription to LWN for all "
2093 "interested Debian developers. Details on how to get access to this benefit "
2095 "url=\"http://&lists-host;/debian-devel-announce/2002/10/msg00018.html\"></ulink>."
2098 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
2099 #: resources.dbk:1584
2100 msgid "Gandi.net Hosting Discount"
2103 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
2104 #: resources.dbk:1586
2106 "As of November 2008, Gandi.net offers a discount rate on their VPS hosting "
2107 "for Debian Developers. See <ulink "
2108 "url=\"http://&lists-host;/debian-devel-announce/2008/11/msg00004.html\"></ulink>."