1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
9 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
10 "POT-Creation-Date: 2010-01-04 00:17+0100\n"
11 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
12 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
13 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
15 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
16 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
18 #. type: Content of: <chapter><title>
20 msgid "Resources for Debian Developers"
23 #. type: Content of: <chapter><para>
26 "In this chapter you will find a very brief road map of the Debian mailing "
27 "lists, the Debian machines which may be available to you as a developer, and "
28 "all the other resources that are available to help you in your maintainer "
32 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
37 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
40 "Much of the conversation between Debian developers (and users) is managed "
41 "through a wide array of mailing lists we host at <literal><ulink "
42 "url=\"http://&lists-host;/\">&lists-host;</ulink></literal>. To find out "
43 "more on how to subscribe or unsubscribe, how to post and how not to post, "
44 "where to find old posts and how to search them, how to contact the list "
45 "maintainers and see various other information about the mailing lists, "
46 "please read <ulink url=\"&url-debian-lists;\"></ulink>. This section will "
47 "only cover aspects of mailing lists that are of particular interest to "
51 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
53 msgid "Basic rules for use"
56 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
59 "When replying to messages on the mailing list, please do not send a carbon "
60 "copy (<literal>CC</literal>) to the original poster unless they explicitly "
61 "request to be copied. Anyone who posts to a mailing list should read it to "
65 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
68 "Cross-posting (sending the same message to multiple lists) is discouraged. "
69 "As ever on the net, please trim down the quoting of articles you're replying "
70 "to. In general, please adhere to the usual conventions for posting "
74 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
77 "Please read the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-lists;#codeofconduct\">code of "
78 "conduct</ulink> for more information. The <ulink url=\"&url-dcg;\">Debian "
79 "Community Guidelines</ulink> are also worth reading."
82 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
84 msgid "Core development mailing lists"
87 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
89 msgid "The core Debian mailing lists that developers should use are:"
92 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
95 "&email-debian-devel-announce;, used to announce important things to "
96 "developers. All developers are expected to be subscribed to this list."
99 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
102 "&email-debian-devel;, used to discuss various development related technical "
106 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
108 msgid "&email-debian-policy;, where the Debian Policy is discussed and voted on."
111 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
114 "&email-debian-project;, used to discuss various non-technical issues related "
118 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
121 "There are other mailing lists available for a variety of special topics; see "
122 "<ulink url=\"http://&lists-host;/\"></ulink> for a list."
125 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
127 msgid "Special lists"
130 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
133 "&email-debian-private; is a special mailing list for private discussions "
134 "amongst Debian developers. It is meant to be used for posts which for "
135 "whatever reason should not be published publicly. As such, it is a low "
136 "volume list, and users are urged not to use &email-debian-private; unless it "
137 "is really necessary. Moreover, do <emphasis>not</emphasis> forward email "
138 "from that list to anyone. Archives of this list are not available on the "
139 "web for obvious reasons, but you can see them using your shell account on "
140 "<literal>&master-host;</literal> and looking in the "
141 "<filename>&file-debian-private-archive;</filename> directory."
144 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
147 "&email-debian-email; is a special mailing list used as a grab-bag for Debian "
148 "related correspondence such as contacting upstream authors about licenses, "
149 "bugs, etc. or discussing the project with others where it might be useful "
150 "to have the discussion archived somewhere."
153 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
155 msgid "Requesting new development-related lists"
158 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
161 "Before requesting a mailing list that relates to the development of a "
162 "package (or a small group of related packages), please consider if using an "
163 "alias (via a .forward-aliasname file on master.debian.org, which translates "
164 "into a reasonably nice <replaceable>you-aliasname@debian.org</replaceable> "
165 "address) or a self-managed mailing list on <link "
166 "linkend=\"alioth\">Alioth</link> is more appropriate."
169 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
172 "If you decide that a regular mailing list on &lists-host; is really what you "
173 "want, go ahead and fill in a request, following <ulink "
174 "url=\"&url-debian-lists-new;\">the HOWTO</ulink>."
177 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
182 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
185 "Several IRC channels are dedicated to Debian's development. They are mainly "
186 "hosted on the <ulink url=\"&url-oftc;\">Open and free technology community "
187 "(OFTC)</ulink> network. The <literal>irc.debian.org</literal> DNS entry is "
188 "an alias to <literal>irc.oftc.net</literal>."
191 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
194 "The main channel for Debian in general is <literal>#debian</literal>. This "
195 "is a large, general-purpose channel where users can find recent news in the "
196 "topic and served by bots. <literal>#debian</literal> is for English "
197 "speakers; there are also <literal>#debian.de</literal>, "
198 "<literal>#debian-fr</literal>, <literal>#debian-br</literal> and other "
199 "similarly named channels for speakers of other languages."
202 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
205 "The main channel for Debian development is "
206 "<literal>#debian-devel</literal>. It is a very active channel since usually "
207 "over 150 people are always logged in. It's a channel for people who work on "
208 "Debian, it's not a support channel (there's <literal>#debian</literal> for "
209 "that). It is however open to anyone who wants to lurk (and learn). Its "
210 "topic is commonly full of interesting information for developers."
213 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
216 "Since <literal>#debian-devel</literal> is an open channel, you should not "
217 "speak there of issues that are discussed in &email-debian-private;. There's "
218 "another channel for this purpose, it's called "
219 "<literal>#debian-private</literal> and it's protected by a key. This key is "
221 "<filename>master.debian.org:&file-debian-private-key;</filename>."
224 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
227 "There are other additional channels dedicated to specific subjects. "
228 "<literal>#debian-bugs</literal> is used for coordinating bug squashing "
229 "parties. <literal>#debian-boot</literal> is used to coordinate the work on "
230 "the debian-installer. <literal>#debian-doc</literal> is occasionally used "
231 "to talk about documentation, like the document you are reading. Other "
232 "channels are dedicated to an architecture or a set of packages: "
233 "<literal>#debian-kde</literal>, <literal>#debian-dpkg</literal>, "
234 "<literal>#debian-jr</literal>, <literal>#debian-edu</literal>, "
235 "<literal>#debian-oo</literal> (OpenOffice package) ..."
238 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
241 "Some non-English developers' channels exist as well, for example "
242 "<literal>#debian-devel-fr</literal> for French speaking people interested in "
243 "Debian's development."
246 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
249 "Channels dedicated to Debian also exist on other IRC networks, notably on "
250 "the <ulink url=\"&url-openprojects;\">freenode</ulink> IRC network, which "
251 "was pointed at by the <literal>irc.debian.org</literal> alias until 4th June "
255 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
258 "To get a cloak on freenode, you send Jörg Jaspert <joerg@debian.org> a "
259 "signed mail where you tell what your nick is. Put cloak somewhere in the "
260 "Subject: header. The nick should be registered: <ulink "
261 "url=\"http://freenode.net/faq.shtml#nicksetup\">Nick Setup Page</ulink>. "
262 "The mail needs to be signed by a key in the Debian keyring. Please see "
263 "<ulink url=\"http://freenode.net/faq.shtml#projectcloak\">Freenodes "
264 "documentation</ulink> for more information about cloaks."
267 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
269 msgid "Documentation"
272 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
275 "This document contains a lot of information which is useful to Debian "
276 "developers, but it cannot contain everything. Most of the other interesting "
277 "documents are linked from <ulink url=\"&url-devel-docs;\">The Developers' "
278 "Corner</ulink>. Take the time to browse all the links, you will learn many "
282 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
284 msgid "Debian machines"
287 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
290 "Debian has several computers working as servers, most of which serve "
291 "critical functions in the Debian project. Most of the machines are used for "
292 "porting activities, and they all have a permanent connection to the "
296 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
299 "Some of the machines are available for individual developers to use, as long "
300 "as the developers follow the rules set forth in the <ulink "
301 "url=\"&url-dmup;\">Debian Machine Usage Policies</ulink>."
304 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
307 "Generally speaking, you can use these machines for Debian-related purposes "
308 "as you see fit. Please be kind to system administrators, and do not use up "
309 "tons and tons of disk space, network bandwidth, or CPU without first getting "
310 "the approval of the system administrators. Usually these machines are run "
314 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
317 "Please take care to protect your Debian passwords and SSH keys installed on "
318 "Debian machines. Avoid login or upload methods which send passwords over "
319 "the Internet in the clear, such as telnet, FTP, POP etc."
322 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
325 "Please do not put any material that doesn't relate to Debian on the Debian "
326 "servers, unless you have prior permission."
329 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
332 "The current list of Debian machines is available at <ulink "
333 "url=\"&url-devel-machines;\"></ulink>. That web page contains machine "
334 "names, contact information, information about who can log in, SSH keys etc."
337 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
340 "If you have a problem with the operation of a Debian server, and you think "
341 "that the system operators need to be notified of this problem, you can check "
342 "the list of open issues in the DSA queue of our request tracker at <ulink "
343 "url=\"&url-rt;\" /> (you can login with user \"guest\" and password "
344 "\"readonly\"). To report a new problem, simply send a mail to "
345 "&email-rt-dsa; and make sure to put the string \"Debian RT\" somewhere in "
349 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
352 "If you have a problem with a certain service, not related to the system "
353 "administration (such as packages to be removed from the archive, suggestions "
354 "for the web site, etc.), generally you'll report a bug against a "
355 "``pseudo-package''. See <xref linkend=\"submit-bug\"/> for information on "
356 "how to submit bugs."
359 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
362 "Some of the core servers are restricted, but the information from there is "
363 "mirrored to another server."
366 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
368 msgid "The bugs server"
371 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
374 "<literal>&bugs-host;</literal> is the canonical location for the Bug "
375 "Tracking System (BTS)."
378 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
379 #: resources.dbk:262 resources.dbk:280
380 msgid "It is restricted; a mirror is available on <literal>merkel</literal>."
383 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
386 "If you plan on doing some statistical analysis or processing of Debian bugs, "
387 "this would be the place to do it. Please describe your plans on "
388 "&email-debian-devel; before implementing anything, however, to reduce "
389 "unnecessary duplication of effort or wasted processing time."
392 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
394 msgid "The ftp-master server"
397 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
400 "The <literal>&ftp-master-host;</literal> server holds the canonical copy of "
401 "the Debian archive. Generally, package uploaded to &ftp-upload-host; end up "
402 "on this server, see <xref linkend=\"upload\"/>."
405 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
408 "Problems with the Debian FTP archive generally need to be reported as bugs "
409 "against the <systemitem role=\"package\">&ftp-debian-org;</systemitem> "
410 "pseudo-package or an email to &email-ftpmaster;, but also see the procedures "
411 "in <xref linkend=\"archive-manip\"/> ."
414 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
416 msgid "The www-master server"
419 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
422 "The main web server is <literal>www-master.debian.org</literal>. It holds "
423 "the official web pages, the face of Debian for most newbies."
426 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
429 "If you find a problem with the Debian web server, you should generally "
430 "submit a bug against the pseudo-package, <systemitem "
431 "role=\"package\">www.debian.org</systemitem>. Remember to check whether or "
432 "not someone else has already reported the problem to the <ulink "
433 "url=\"http://&bugs-host;/&www-debian-org;\">Bug Tracking System</ulink>."
436 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
438 msgid "The people web server"
441 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
444 "<literal>people.debian.org</literal> is the server used for developers' own "
445 "web pages about anything related to Debian."
448 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
451 "If you have some Debian-specific information which you want to serve on the "
452 "web, you can do this by putting material in the "
453 "<filename>public_html</filename> directory under your home directory on "
454 "<literal>people.debian.org</literal>. This will be accessible at the URL "
455 "<literal>http://people.debian.org/~<replaceable>your-user-id</replaceable>/</literal>."
458 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
461 "You should only use this particular location because it will be backed up, "
462 "whereas on other hosts it won't."
465 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
468 "Usually the only reason to use a different host is when you need to publish "
469 "materials subject to the U.S. export restrictions, in which case you can "
470 "use one of the other servers located outside the United States."
473 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
475 msgid "Send mail to &email-debian-devel; if you have any questions."
478 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
480 msgid "The VCS servers"
483 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
486 "If you need to use a Version Control System for any of your Debian work, you "
487 "can use one the existing repositories hosted on Alioth or you can request a "
488 "new project and ask for the VCS repository of your choice. Alioth supports "
489 "CVS (alioth.debian.org), Subversion (svn.debian.org), Arch (tla/baz, both on "
490 "arch.debian.org), Bazaar (bzr.debian.org), Darcs (darcs.debian.org), "
491 "Mercurial (hg.debian.org) and Git (git.debian.org). Checkout <ulink "
492 "url=\"&url-alioth-pkg;\" /> if you plan to maintain packages in a VCS "
493 "repository. See <xref linkend=\"alioth\"/> for information on the services "
494 "provided by Alioth."
497 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
500 "Historically, Debian first used <literal>cvs.debian.org</literal> to host "
501 "CVS repositories. But that service is deprecated in favor of Alioth. Only a "
502 "few projects are still using it."
505 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
507 msgid "chroots to different distributions"
510 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
513 "On some machines, there are chroots to different distributions available. "
514 "You can use them like this:"
517 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
521 "vore$ dchroot unstable\n"
522 "Executing shell in chroot: /org/vore.debian.org/chroots/user/unstable\n"
525 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
528 "In all chroots, the normal user home directories are available. You can "
529 "find out which chroots are available via "
530 "<literal>&url-devel-machines;</literal>."
533 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
535 msgid "The Developers Database"
538 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
541 "The Developers Database, at <ulink url=\"&url-debian-db;\"></ulink>, is an "
542 "LDAP directory for managing Debian developer attributes. You can use this "
543 "resource to search the list of Debian developers. Part of this information "
544 "is also available through the finger service on Debian servers, try "
545 "<command>finger yourlogin@db.debian.org</command> to see what it reports."
548 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
551 "Developers can <ulink url=\"&url-debian-db-login;\">log into the "
552 "database</ulink> to change various information about themselves, such as:"
555 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
557 msgid "forwarding address for your debian.org email"
560 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
562 msgid "subscription to debian-private"
565 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
567 msgid "whether you are on vacation"
570 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
573 "personal information such as your address, country, the latitude and "
574 "longitude of the place where you live for use in <ulink "
575 "url=\"&url-worldmap;\">the world map of Debian developers</ulink>, phone and "
576 "fax numbers, IRC nickname and web page"
579 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
581 msgid "password and preferred shell on Debian Project machines"
584 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
587 "Most of the information is not accessible to the public, naturally. For "
588 "more information please read the online documentation that you can find at "
589 "<ulink url=\"&url-debian-db-doc;\"></ulink>."
592 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
595 "Developers can also submit their SSH keys to be used for authorization on "
596 "the official Debian machines, and even add new *.debian.net DNS entries. "
597 "Those features are documented at <ulink "
598 "url=\"&url-debian-db-mail-gw;\"></ulink>."
601 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
603 msgid "The Debian archive"
606 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
609 "The &debian-formal; distribution consists of a lot of packages "
610 "(<filename>.deb</filename>'s, currently around &number-of-pkgs;) and a few "
611 "additional files (such as documentation and installation disk images)."
614 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
616 msgid "Here is an example directory tree of a complete Debian archive:"
619 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
622 "As you can see, the top-level directory contains two directories, "
623 "<filename>dists/</filename> and <filename>pool/</filename>. The latter is a "
624 "“pool” in which the packages actually are, and which is handled by the "
625 "archive maintenance database and the accompanying programs. The former "
626 "contains the distributions, <literal>stable</literal>, "
627 "<literal>testing</literal> and <literal>unstable</literal>. The "
628 "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Sources</filename> files in the "
629 "distribution subdirectories can reference files in the "
630 "<filename>pool/</filename> directory. The directory tree below each of the "
631 "distributions is arranged in an identical manner. What we describe below "
632 "for <literal>stable</literal> is equally applicable to the "
633 "<literal>unstable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal> distributions."
636 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
639 "<filename>dists/stable</filename> contains three directories, namely "
640 "<filename>main</filename>, <filename>contrib</filename>, and "
641 "<filename>non-free</filename>."
644 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
647 "In each of the areas, there is a directory for the source packages "
648 "(<filename>source</filename>) and a directory for each supported "
649 "architecture (<filename>binary-i386</filename>, "
650 "<filename>binary-m68k</filename>, etc.)."
653 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
656 "The <filename>main</filename> area contains additional directories which "
657 "hold the disk images and some essential pieces of documentation required for "
658 "installing the Debian distribution on a specific architecture "
659 "(<filename>disks-i386</filename>, <filename>disks-m68k</filename>, etc.)."
662 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
667 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
670 "The <literal>main</literal> section of the Debian archive is what makes up "
671 "the <emphasis role=\"strong\">official &debian-formal; "
672 "distribution</emphasis>. The <literal>main</literal> section is official "
673 "because it fully complies with all our guidelines. The other two sections "
674 "do not, to different degrees; as such, they are <emphasis "
675 "role=\"strong\">not</emphasis> officially part of &debian-formal;."
678 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
681 "Every package in the main section must fully comply with the <ulink "
682 "url=\"&url-dfsg;\">Debian Free Software Guidelines</ulink> (DFSG) and with "
683 "all other policy requirements as described in the <ulink "
684 "url=\"&url-debian-policy;\">Debian Policy Manual</ulink>. The DFSG is our "
685 "definition of “free software.” Check out the Debian Policy Manual for "
689 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
692 "Packages in the <literal>contrib</literal> section have to comply with the "
693 "DFSG, but may fail other requirements. For instance, they may depend on "
697 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
700 "Packages which do not conform to the DFSG are placed in the "
701 "<literal>non-free</literal> section. These packages are not considered as "
702 "part of the Debian distribution, though we support their use, and we provide "
703 "infrastructure (such as our bug-tracking system and mailing lists) for "
704 "non-free software packages."
707 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
710 "The <ulink url=\"&url-debian-policy;\">Debian Policy Manual</ulink> contains "
711 "a more exact definition of the three sections. The above discussion is just "
715 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
718 "The separation of the three sections at the top-level of the archive is "
719 "important for all people who want to distribute Debian, either via FTP "
720 "servers on the Internet or on CD-ROMs: by distributing only the "
721 "<literal>main</literal> and <literal>contrib</literal> sections, one can "
722 "avoid any legal risks. Some packages in the <literal>non-free</literal> "
723 "section do not allow commercial distribution, for example."
726 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
729 "On the other hand, a CD-ROM vendor could easily check the individual package "
730 "licenses of the packages in <literal>non-free</literal> and include as many "
731 "on the CD-ROMs as it's allowed to. (Since this varies greatly from vendor "
732 "to vendor, this job can't be done by the Debian developers.)"
735 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
738 "Note that the term section is also used to refer to categories which "
739 "simplify the organization and browsing of available packages, e.g. "
740 "<literal>admin</literal>, <literal>net</literal>, <literal>utils</literal> "
741 "etc. Once upon a time, these sections (subsections, rather) existed in the "
742 "form of subdirectories within the Debian archive. Nowadays, these exist "
743 "only in the Section header fields of packages."
746 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
748 msgid "Architectures"
751 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
754 "In the first days, the Linux kernel was only available for Intel i386 (or "
755 "greater) platforms, and so was Debian. But as Linux became more and more "
756 "popular, the kernel was ported to other architectures, too."
759 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
762 "The Linux 2.0 kernel supports Intel x86, DEC Alpha, SPARC, Motorola 680x0 "
763 "(like Atari, Amiga and Macintoshes), MIPS, and PowerPC. The Linux 2.2 "
764 "kernel supports even more architectures, including ARM and UltraSPARC. "
765 "Since Linux supports these platforms, Debian decided that it should, too. "
766 "Therefore, Debian has ports underway; in fact, we also have ports underway "
767 "to non-Linux kernels. Aside from <literal>i386</literal> (our name for "
768 "Intel x86), there is <literal>m68k</literal>, <literal>alpha</literal>, "
769 "<literal>powerpc</literal>, <literal>sparc</literal>, "
770 "<literal>hurd-i386</literal>, <literal>arm</literal>, "
771 "<literal>ia64</literal>, <literal>hppa</literal>, <literal>s390</literal>, "
772 "<literal>mips</literal>, <literal>mipsel</literal> and <literal>sh</literal> "
773 "as of this writing."
776 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
779 "&debian-formal; 1.3 is only available as <literal>i386</literal>. Debian "
780 "2.0 shipped for <literal>i386</literal> and <literal>m68k</literal> "
781 "architectures. Debian 2.1 ships for the <literal>i386</literal>, "
782 "<literal>m68k</literal>, <literal>alpha</literal>, and "
783 "<literal>sparc</literal> architectures. Debian 2.2 added support for the "
784 "<literal>powerpc</literal> and <literal>arm</literal> architectures. Debian "
785 "3.0 added support of five new architectures: <literal>ia64</literal>, "
786 "<literal>hppa</literal>, <literal>s390</literal>, <literal>mips</literal> "
787 "and <literal>mipsel</literal>."
790 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
793 "Information for developers and users about the specific ports are available "
794 "at the <ulink url=\"&url-debian-ports;\">Debian Ports web pages</ulink>."
797 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
802 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
805 "There are two types of Debian packages, namely <literal>source</literal> and "
806 "<literal>binary</literal> packages."
809 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
812 "Depending on the format of the source package, it will consist of one or "
813 "more files in addition to the mandatory <filename>.dsc</filename> file:"
816 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
819 "with format “1.0”, it has either a <filename>.tar.gz</filename> file or both "
820 "an <filename>.orig.tar.gz</filename> and a <filename>.diff.gz</filename> "
824 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
827 "with format “3.0 (quilt)”, it has a mandatory "
828 "<filename>.orig.tar.{gz,bz2,lzma}</filename> upstream tarball, muliple "
830 "<filename>.orig-<replaceable>component</replaceable>.tar.{gz,bz2,lzma}</filename> "
831 "additional upstream tarballs"
834 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para><itemizedlist><listitem><filename>
836 msgid "debian.tar.{gz,bz2,lzma} debian tarball"
839 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
842 "with format “3.0 (native)”, it has only a single "
843 "<filename>.tar.{gz,bz2,lzma}</filename> tarball."
846 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
849 "If a package is developed specially for Debian and is not distributed "
850 "outside of Debian, there is just one <filename>.tar.{gz,bz2,lzma}</filename> "
851 "file which contains the sources of the program, it's called a “native” "
852 "source package. If a package is distributed elsewhere too, the "
853 "<filename>.orig.tar.{gz,bz2,lzma}</filename> file stores the so-called "
854 "<literal>upstream source code</literal>, that is the source code that's "
855 "distributed by the <literal>upstream maintainer</literal> (often the author "
856 "of the software). In this case, the <filename>.diff.gz</filename> or the "
857 "<filename>debian.tar.{gz,bz2,lzma}</filename> contains the changes made by "
858 "the Debian maintainer."
861 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
864 "The <filename>.dsc</filename> file lists all the files in the source package "
865 "together with checksums (<command>md5sums</command>) and some additional "
866 "info about the package (maintainer, version, etc.)."
869 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
871 msgid "Distributions"
874 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
877 "The directory system described in the previous chapter is itself contained "
878 "within <literal>distribution directories</literal>. Each distribution is "
879 "actually contained in the <filename>pool</filename> directory in the "
880 "top-level of the Debian archive itself."
883 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
886 "To summarize, the Debian archive has a root directory within an FTP server. "
887 "For instance, at the mirror site, <literal>ftp.us.debian.org</literal>, the "
888 "Debian archive itself is contained in <ulink "
889 "url=\"ftp://ftp.us.debian.org/debian\">/debian</ulink>, which is a common "
890 "location (another is <filename>/pub/debian</filename>)."
893 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
896 "A distribution comprises Debian source and binary packages, and the "
897 "respective <filename>Sources</filename> and <filename>Packages</filename> "
898 "index files, containing the header information from all those packages. The "
899 "former are kept in the <filename>pool/</filename> directory, while the "
900 "latter are kept in the <filename>dists/</filename> directory of the archive "
901 "(for backwards compatibility)."
904 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title>
906 msgid "Stable, testing, and unstable"
909 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
912 "There are always distributions called <literal>stable</literal> (residing in "
913 "<filename>dists/stable</filename>), <literal>testing</literal> (residing in "
914 "<filename>dists/testing</filename>), and <literal>unstable</literal> "
915 "(residing in <filename>dists/unstable</filename>). This reflects the "
916 "development process of the Debian project."
919 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
922 "Active development is done in the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution "
923 "(that's why this distribution is sometimes called the <literal>development "
924 "distribution</literal>). Every Debian developer can update his or her "
925 "packages in this distribution at any time. Thus, the contents of this "
926 "distribution change from day to day. Since no special effort is made to "
927 "make sure everything in this distribution is working properly, it is "
928 "sometimes literally unstable."
931 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
934 "The <link linkend=\"testing\">testing</link> distribution is generated "
935 "automatically by taking packages from <literal>unstable</literal> if they "
936 "satisfy certain criteria. Those criteria should ensure a good quality for "
937 "packages within <literal>testing</literal>. The update to <literal>testing "
938 "</literal> is launched twice each day, right after the new packages have "
939 "been installed. See <xref linkend=\"testing\"/> ."
942 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
945 "After a period of development, once the release manager deems fit, the "
946 "<literal>testing</literal> distribution is frozen, meaning that the policies "
947 "which control how packages move from <literal>unstable</literal> to "
948 "<literal>testing</literal> are tightened. Packages which are too buggy are "
949 "removed. No changes are allowed into <literal>testing</literal> except for "
950 "bug fixes. After some time has elapsed, depending on progress, the "
951 "<literal>testing</literal> distribution is frozen even further. Details of "
952 "the handling of the testing distribution are published by the Release Team "
953 "on debian-devel-announce. After the open issues are solved to the "
954 "satisfaction of the Release Team, the distribution is released. Releasing "
955 "means that <literal>testing</literal> is renamed to "
956 "<literal>stable</literal>, and a new copy is created for the new "
957 "<literal>testing</literal>, and the previous <literal>stable</literal> is "
958 "renamed to <literal>oldstable</literal> and stays there until it is finally "
959 "archived. On archiving, the contents are moved to "
960 "<literal>&archive-host;</literal>)."
963 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
966 "This development cycle is based on the assumption that the "
967 "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution becomes <literal>stable</literal> "
968 "after passing a period of being in <literal>testing</literal>. Even once a "
969 "distribution is considered stable, a few bugs inevitably remain — that's why "
970 "the stable distribution is updated every now and then. However, these "
971 "updates are tested very carefully and have to be introduced into the archive "
972 "individually to reduce the risk of introducing new bugs. You can find "
973 "proposed additions to <literal>stable</literal> in the "
974 "<filename>proposed-updates</filename> directory. Those packages in "
975 "<filename>proposed-updates</filename> that pass muster are periodically "
976 "moved as a batch into the stable distribution and the revision level of the "
977 "stable distribution is incremented (e.g., ‘3.0’ becomes ‘3.0r1’, ‘2.2r4’ "
978 "becomes ‘2.2r5’, and so forth). Please refer to <link "
979 "linkend=\"upload-stable\">uploads to the <literal>stable</literal> "
980 "distribution</link> for details."
983 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
986 "Note that development under <literal>unstable</literal> continues during the "
987 "freeze period, since the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution remains in "
988 "place in parallel with <literal>testing</literal>."
991 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title>
993 msgid "More information about the testing distribution"
996 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
999 "Packages are usually installed into the <literal>testing</literal> "
1000 "distribution after they have undergone some degree of testing in "
1001 "<literal>unstable</literal>."
1004 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1005 #: resources.dbk:706
1007 "For more details, please see the <link linkend=\"testing\">information about "
1008 "the testing distribution</link>."
1011 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><title>
1012 #: resources.dbk:712
1013 msgid "Experimental"
1016 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1017 #: resources.dbk:714
1019 "The <literal>experimental</literal> distribution is a special distribution. "
1020 "It is not a full distribution in the same sense as "
1021 "<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal> and "
1022 "<literal>unstable</literal> are. Instead, it is meant to be a temporary "
1023 "staging area for highly experimental software where there's a good chance "
1024 "that the software could break your system, or software that's just too "
1025 "unstable even for the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution (but there is "
1026 "a reason to package it nevertheless). Users who download and install "
1027 "packages from <literal>experimental</literal> are expected to have been duly "
1028 "warned. In short, all bets are off for the <literal>experimental</literal> "
1032 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1033 #: resources.dbk:726
1035 "These are the <citerefentry> <refentrytitle>sources.list</refentrytitle> "
1036 "<manvolnum>5</manvolnum> </citerefentry> lines for "
1037 "<literal>experimental</literal>:"
1040 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><programlisting>
1041 #: resources.dbk:731
1044 "deb http://ftp.<replaceable>xy</replaceable>.debian.org/debian/ experimental "
1046 "deb-src http://ftp.<replaceable>xy</replaceable>.debian.org/debian/ "
1047 "experimental main\n"
1050 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1051 #: resources.dbk:735
1053 "If there is a chance that the software could do grave damage to a system, it "
1054 "is likely to be better to put it into <literal>experimental</literal>. For "
1055 "instance, an experimental compressed file system should probably go into "
1056 "<literal>experimental</literal>."
1059 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1060 #: resources.dbk:741
1062 "Whenever there is a new upstream version of a package that introduces new "
1063 "features but breaks a lot of old ones, it should either not be uploaded, or "
1064 "be uploaded to <literal>experimental</literal>. A new, beta, version of "
1065 "some software which uses a completely different configuration can go into "
1066 "<literal>experimental</literal>, at the maintainer's discretion. If you are "
1067 "working on an incompatible or complex upgrade situation, you can also use "
1068 "<literal>experimental</literal> as a staging area, so that testers can get "
1072 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1073 #: resources.dbk:751
1075 "Some experimental software can still go into <literal>unstable</literal>, "
1076 "with a few warnings in the description, but that isn't recommended because "
1077 "packages from <literal>unstable</literal> are expected to propagate to "
1078 "<literal>testing</literal> and thus to <literal>stable</literal>. You "
1079 "should not be afraid to use <literal>experimental</literal> since it does "
1080 "not cause any pain to the ftpmasters, the experimental packages are "
1081 "automatically removed once you upload the package in "
1082 "<literal>unstable</literal> with a higher version number."
1085 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1086 #: resources.dbk:761
1088 "New software which isn't likely to damage your system can go directly into "
1089 "<literal>unstable</literal>."
1092 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1093 #: resources.dbk:765
1095 "An alternative to <literal>experimental</literal> is to use your personal "
1096 "web space on <literal>people.debian.org</literal>."
1099 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><section><para>
1100 #: resources.dbk:769
1102 "When uploading to <literal>unstable</literal> a package which had bugs fixed "
1103 "in <literal>experimental</literal>, please consider using the option "
1104 "<literal>-v</literal> to <command>dpkg-buildpackage</command> to finally get "
1108 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1109 #: resources.dbk:779
1110 msgid "Release code names"
1113 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1114 #: resources.dbk:781
1116 "Every released Debian distribution has a <literal>code name</literal>: "
1117 "Debian 1.1 is called <literal>buzz</literal>; Debian 1.2, "
1118 "<literal>rex</literal>; Debian 1.3, <literal>bo</literal>; Debian 2.0, "
1119 "<literal>hamm</literal>; Debian 2.1, <literal>slink</literal>; Debian 2.2, "
1120 "<literal>potato</literal>; Debian 3.0, <literal>woody</literal>; Debian 3.1, "
1121 "<literal>sarge</literal>; Debian 4.0, <literal>etch</literal>; Debian 5.0, "
1122 "<literal>lenny</literal> and the next release will be called "
1123 "<literal>squeeze</literal>. There is also a ``pseudo-distribution'', called "
1124 "<literal>sid</literal>, which is the current <literal>unstable</literal> "
1125 "distribution; since packages are moved from <literal>unstable</literal> to "
1126 "<literal>testing</literal> as they approach stability, "
1127 "<literal>sid</literal> itself is never released. As well as the usual "
1128 "contents of a Debian distribution, <literal>sid</literal> contains packages "
1129 "for architectures which are not yet officially supported or released by "
1130 "Debian. These architectures are planned to be integrated into the "
1131 "mainstream distribution at some future date."
1134 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1135 #: resources.dbk:799
1137 "Since Debian has an open development model (i.e., everyone can participate "
1138 "and follow the development) even the <literal>unstable</literal> and "
1139 "<literal> testing</literal> distributions are distributed to the Internet "
1140 "through the Debian FTP and HTTP server network. Thus, if we had called the "
1141 "directory which contains the release candidate version "
1142 "<literal>testing</literal>, then we would have to rename it to "
1143 "<literal>stable</literal> when the version is released, which would cause "
1144 "all FTP mirrors to re-retrieve the whole distribution (which is quite "
1148 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1149 #: resources.dbk:809
1151 "On the other hand, if we called the distribution directories "
1152 "<literal>Debian-x.y</literal> from the beginning, people would think that "
1153 "Debian release <literal>x.y</literal> is available. (This happened in the "
1154 "past, where a CD-ROM vendor built a Debian 1.0 CD-ROM based on a pre-1.0 "
1155 "development version. That's the reason why the first official Debian "
1156 "release was 1.1, and not 1.0.)"
1159 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1160 #: resources.dbk:817
1162 "Thus, the names of the distribution directories in the archive are "
1163 "determined by their code names and not their release status (e.g., "
1164 "`slink'). These names stay the same during the development period and after "
1165 "the release; symbolic links, which can be changed easily, indicate the "
1166 "currently released stable distribution. That's why the real distribution "
1167 "directories use the <literal>code names</literal>, while symbolic links for "
1168 "<literal>stable</literal>, <literal>testing</literal>, and "
1169 "<literal>unstable</literal> point to the appropriate release directories."
1172 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1173 #: resources.dbk:831
1174 msgid "Debian mirrors"
1177 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1178 #: resources.dbk:833
1180 "The various download archives and the web site have several mirrors "
1181 "available in order to relieve our canonical servers from heavy load. In "
1182 "fact, some of the canonical servers aren't public — a first tier of mirrors "
1183 "balances the load instead. That way, users always access the mirrors and "
1184 "get used to using them, which allows Debian to better spread its bandwidth "
1185 "requirements over several servers and networks, and basically makes users "
1186 "avoid hammering on one primary location. Note that the first tier of "
1187 "mirrors is as up-to-date as it can be since they update when triggered from "
1188 "the internal sites (we call this push mirroring)."
1191 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1192 #: resources.dbk:844
1194 "All the information on Debian mirrors, including a list of the available "
1195 "public FTP/HTTP servers, can be found at <ulink "
1196 "url=\"&url-debian-mirrors;\"></ulink>. This useful page also includes "
1197 "information and tools which can be helpful if you are interested in setting "
1198 "up your own mirror, either for internal or public access."
1201 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1202 #: resources.dbk:851
1204 "Note that mirrors are generally run by third-parties who are interested in "
1205 "helping Debian. As such, developers generally do not have accounts on these "
1209 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1210 #: resources.dbk:858
1211 msgid "The Incoming system"
1214 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1215 #: resources.dbk:860
1217 "The Incoming system is responsible for collecting updated packages and "
1218 "installing them in the Debian archive. It consists of a set of directories "
1219 "and scripts that are installed on <literal>&ftp-master-host;</literal>."
1222 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1223 #: resources.dbk:865
1225 "Packages are uploaded by all the maintainers into a directory called "
1226 "<filename>UploadQueue</filename>. This directory is scanned every few "
1227 "minutes by a daemon called <command>queued</command>, "
1228 "<filename>*.command</filename>-files are executed, and remaining and "
1229 "correctly signed <filename>*.changes</filename>-files are moved together "
1230 "with their corresponding files to the <filename>unchecked</filename> "
1231 "directory. This directory is not visible for most Developers, as ftp-master "
1232 "is restricted; it is scanned every 15 minutes by the "
1233 "<command>katie</command> script, which verifies the integrity of the "
1234 "uploaded packages and their cryptographic signatures. If the package is "
1235 "considered ready to be installed, it is moved into the "
1236 "<filename>accepted</filename> directory. If this is the first upload of the "
1237 "package (or it has new binary packages), it is moved to the "
1238 "<filename>new</filename> directory, where it waits for approval by the "
1239 "ftpmasters. If the package contains files to be installed by hand it is "
1240 "moved to the <filename>byhand</filename> directory, where it waits for "
1241 "manual installation by the ftpmasters. Otherwise, if any error has been "
1242 "detected, the package is refused and is moved to the "
1243 "<filename>reject</filename> directory."
1246 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1247 #: resources.dbk:884
1249 "Once the package is accepted, the system sends a confirmation mail to the "
1250 "maintainer and closes all the bugs marked as fixed by the upload, and the "
1251 "auto-builders may start recompiling it. The package is now publicly "
1252 "accessible at <ulink url=\"&url-incoming;\"></ulink> until it is really "
1253 "installed in the Debian archive. This happens only once a day (and is also "
1254 "called the `dinstall run' for historical reasons); the package is then "
1255 "removed from incoming and installed in the pool along with all the other "
1256 "packages. Once all the other updates (generating new "
1257 "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Sources</filename> index files "
1258 "for example) have been made, a special script is called to ask all the "
1259 "primary mirrors to update themselves."
1262 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1263 #: resources.dbk:896
1265 "The archive maintenance software will also send the OpenPGP/GnuPG signed "
1266 "<filename>.changes</filename> file that you uploaded to the appropriate "
1267 "mailing lists. If a package is released with the "
1268 "<literal>Distribution:</literal> set to <literal>stable</literal>, the "
1269 "announcement is sent to &email-debian-changes;. If a package is released "
1270 "with <literal>Distribution:</literal> set to <literal>unstable</literal> or "
1271 "<literal>experimental</literal>, the announcement will be posted to "
1272 "&email-debian-devel-changes; instead."
1275 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1276 #: resources.dbk:906
1278 "Though ftp-master is restricted, a copy of the installation is available to "
1279 "all developers on <literal>&ftp-master-mirror;</literal>."
1282 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1283 #: resources.dbk:969
1284 msgid "Package information"
1287 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1288 #: resources.dbk:971
1292 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1293 #: resources.dbk:973
1295 "Each package has several dedicated web pages. "
1296 "<literal>http://&packages-host;/<replaceable>package-name</replaceable></literal> "
1297 "displays each version of the package available in the various "
1298 "distributions. Each version links to a page which provides information, "
1299 "including the package description, the dependencies, and package download "
1303 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1304 #: resources.dbk:980
1306 "The bug tracking system tracks bugs for each package. You can view the bugs "
1307 "of a given package at the URL "
1308 "<literal>http://&bugs-host;/<replaceable>package-name</replaceable></literal>."
1311 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1312 #: resources.dbk:987
1313 msgid "The <command>dak ls</command> utility"
1316 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1317 #: resources.dbk:989
1319 "<command>dak ls</command> is part of the dak suite of tools, listing "
1320 "available package versions for all known distributions and architectures. "
1321 "The <command>dak</command> tool is available on <literal>&ftp-master-host; "
1322 "</literal>, and on the mirror on <literal>&ftp-master-mirror;</literal>. It "
1323 "uses a single argument corresponding to a package name. An example will "
1324 "explain it better:"
1327 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
1328 #: resources.dbk:997
1332 "evince | 0.1.5-2sarge1 | oldstable | source, alpha, arm, hppa, i386, "
1333 "ia64, m68k, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, sparc\n"
1334 "evince | 0.4.0-5 | etch-m68k | source, m68k\n"
1335 "evince | 0.4.0-5 | stable | source, alpha, amd64, arm, hppa, i386, "
1336 "ia64, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, sparc\n"
1337 "evince | 2.20.2-1 | testing | source\n"
1338 "evince | 2.20.2-1+b1 | testing | alpha, amd64, arm, armel, hppa, i386, "
1339 "ia64, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, sparc\n"
1340 "evince | 2.22.2-1 | unstable | source, alpha, amd64, arm, armel, "
1341 "hppa, i386, ia64, m68k, mips, mipsel, powerpc, s390, sparc\n"
1344 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1345 #: resources.dbk:1006
1347 "In this example, you can see that the version in <literal>unstable</literal> "
1348 "differs from the version in <literal>testing</literal> and that there has "
1349 "been a binary-only NMU of the package for all architectures. Each version "
1350 "of the package has been recompiled on all architectures."
1353 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1354 #: resources.dbk:1016
1355 msgid "The Package Tracking System"
1358 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1359 #: resources.dbk:1018
1361 "The Package Tracking System (PTS) is an email-based tool to track the "
1362 "activity of a source package. This really means that you can get the same "
1363 "emails that the package maintainer gets, simply by subscribing to the "
1364 "package in the PTS."
1367 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1368 #: resources.dbk:1023
1370 "Each email sent through the PTS is classified under one of the keywords "
1371 "listed below. This will let you select the mails that you want to receive."
1374 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1375 #: resources.dbk:1027
1376 msgid "By default you will get:"
1379 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1380 #: resources.dbk:1031
1381 msgid "<literal>bts</literal>"
1384 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1385 #: resources.dbk:1034
1386 msgid "All the bug reports and following discussions."
1389 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1390 #: resources.dbk:1039
1391 msgid "<literal>bts-control</literal>"
1394 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1395 #: resources.dbk:1042
1397 "The email notifications from <email>control@&bugs-host;</email> about bug "
1398 "report status changes."
1401 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1402 #: resources.dbk:1048
1403 msgid "<literal>upload-source</literal>"
1406 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1407 #: resources.dbk:1051
1409 "The email notification from <command>katie</command> when an uploaded source "
1410 "package is accepted."
1413 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1414 #: resources.dbk:1057
1415 msgid "<literal>katie-other</literal>"
1418 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1419 #: resources.dbk:1060
1421 "Other warning and error emails from <command>katie</command> (such as an "
1422 "override disparity for the section and/or the priority field)."
1425 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1426 #: resources.dbk:1066
1427 msgid "<literal>default</literal>"
1430 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1431 #: resources.dbk:1069
1433 "Any non-automatic email sent to the PTS by people who wanted to contact the "
1434 "subscribers of the package. This can be done by sending mail to "
1435 "<literal><replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable>@&pts-host;</literal>. In "
1436 "order to prevent spam, all messages sent to these addresses must contain the "
1437 "<literal>X-PTS-Approved</literal> header with a non-empty value."
1440 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1441 #: resources.dbk:1078
1442 msgid "<literal>contact</literal>"
1445 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1446 #: resources.dbk:1081
1448 "Mails sent to the maintainer through the *@packages.debian.org email "
1452 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1453 #: resources.dbk:1087
1454 msgid "<literal>summary</literal>"
1457 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1458 #: resources.dbk:1090
1460 "Regular summary emails about the package's status, including progression "
1461 "into <literal>testing</literal>, <ulink url=\"&url-dehs;\">DEHS</ulink> "
1462 "notifications of new upstream versions, and a notification if the package is "
1463 "removed or orphaned."
1466 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1467 #: resources.dbk:1100
1468 msgid "You can also decide to receive additional information:"
1471 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1472 #: resources.dbk:1104
1473 msgid "<literal>upload-binary</literal>"
1476 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1477 #: resources.dbk:1107
1479 "The email notification from <command>katie</command> when an uploaded binary "
1480 "package is accepted. In other words, whenever a build daemon or a porter "
1481 "uploads your package for another architecture, you can get an email to track "
1482 "how your package gets recompiled for all architectures."
1485 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1486 #: resources.dbk:1115
1487 msgid "<literal>cvs</literal>"
1490 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1491 #: resources.dbk:1118
1493 "VCS commit notifications, if the package has a VCS repository and the "
1494 "maintainer has set up forwarding of commit notifications to the PTS. The "
1495 "\"cvs\" name is historic, in most cases commit notifications will come from "
1496 "some other VCS like subversion or git."
1499 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1500 #: resources.dbk:1126
1501 msgid "<literal>ddtp</literal>"
1504 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1505 #: resources.dbk:1129
1507 "Translations of descriptions or debconf templates submitted to the Debian "
1508 "Description Translation Project."
1511 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1512 #: resources.dbk:1135
1513 msgid "<literal>derivatives</literal>"
1516 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1517 #: resources.dbk:1138
1519 "Information about changes made to the package in derivative distributions "
1520 "(for example Ubuntu)."
1523 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1524 #: resources.dbk:1145
1525 msgid "The PTS email interface"
1528 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1529 #: resources.dbk:1147
1531 "You can control your subscription(s) to the PTS by sending various commands "
1532 "to <email>pts@qa.debian.org</email>."
1535 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1536 #: resources.dbk:1152
1537 msgid "<literal>subscribe <sourcepackage> [<email>]</literal>"
1540 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1541 #: resources.dbk:1155
1543 "Subscribes <replaceable>email</replaceable> to communications related to the "
1544 "source package <replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable>. Sender address is "
1545 "used if the second argument is not present. If "
1546 "<replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable> is not a valid source package, "
1547 "you'll get a warning. However if it's a valid binary package, the PTS will "
1548 "subscribe you to the corresponding source package."
1551 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1552 #: resources.dbk:1165
1553 msgid "<literal>unsubscribe <sourcepackage> [<email>]</literal>"
1556 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1557 #: resources.dbk:1168
1559 "Removes a previous subscription to the source package "
1560 "<replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable> using the specified email address "
1561 "or the sender address if the second argument is left out."
1564 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1565 #: resources.dbk:1175
1566 msgid "<literal>unsubscribeall [<email>]</literal>"
1569 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1570 #: resources.dbk:1178
1572 "Removes all subscriptions of the specified email address or the sender "
1573 "address if the second argument is left out."
1576 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1577 #: resources.dbk:1184
1578 msgid "<literal>which [<email>]</literal>"
1581 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1582 #: resources.dbk:1187
1584 "Lists all subscriptions for the sender or the email address optionally "
1588 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1589 #: resources.dbk:1193
1590 msgid "<literal>keyword [<email>]</literal>"
1593 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1594 #: resources.dbk:1196
1596 "Tells you the keywords that you are accepting. For an explanation of "
1597 "keywords, <link linkend=\"pkg-tracking-system\">see above</link>. Here's a "
1601 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1602 #: resources.dbk:1203
1603 msgid "<literal>bts</literal>: mails coming from the Debian Bug Tracking System"
1606 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1607 #: resources.dbk:1208
1608 msgid "<literal>bts-control</literal>: reply to mails sent to &email-bts-control;"
1611 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1612 #: resources.dbk:1214
1614 "<literal>summary</literal>: automatic summary mails about the state of a "
1618 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1619 #: resources.dbk:1220
1621 "<literal>contact</literal>: mails sent to the maintainer through the "
1622 "*@packages.debian.org aliases"
1625 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1626 #: resources.dbk:1226
1627 msgid "<literal>cvs</literal>: notification of VCS commits"
1630 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1631 #: resources.dbk:1231
1632 msgid "<literal>ddtp</literal>: translations of descriptions and debconf templates"
1635 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1636 #: resources.dbk:1236
1638 "<literal>derivatives</literal>: changes made on the package by derivative "
1642 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1643 #: resources.dbk:1242
1645 "<literal>upload-source</literal>: announce of a new source upload that has "
1649 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1650 #: resources.dbk:1248
1652 "<literal>upload-binary</literal>: announce of a new binary-only upload "
1656 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1657 #: resources.dbk:1254
1659 "<literal>katie-other</literal>: other mails from ftpmasters (override "
1663 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1664 #: resources.dbk:1260
1666 "<literal>default</literal>: all the other mails (those which aren't "
1670 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1671 #: resources.dbk:1267
1672 msgid "<literal>keyword <sourcepackage> [<email>]</literal>"
1675 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1676 #: resources.dbk:1270
1678 "Same as the previous item but for the given source package, since you may "
1679 "select a different set of keywords for each source package."
1682 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1683 #: resources.dbk:1276
1684 msgid "<literal>keyword [<email>] {+|-|=} <list of keywords></literal>"
1687 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1688 #: resources.dbk:1279
1690 "Accept (+) or refuse (-) mails classified under the given keyword(s). "
1691 "Define the list (=) of accepted keywords. This changes the default set of "
1692 "keywords accepted by a user."
1695 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1696 #: resources.dbk:1286
1698 "<literal>keywordall [<email>] {+|-|=} <list of "
1699 "keywords></literal>"
1702 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1703 #: resources.dbk:1289
1705 "Accept (+) or refuse (-) mails classified under the given keyword(s). "
1706 "Define the list (=) of accepted keywords. This changes the set of accepted "
1707 "keywords of all the currently active subscriptions of a user."
1710 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1711 #: resources.dbk:1296
1713 "<literal>keyword <sourcepackage> [<email>] {+|-|=} <list of "
1714 "keywords></literal>"
1717 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1718 #: resources.dbk:1299
1720 "Same as previous item but overrides the keywords list for the indicated "
1724 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
1725 #: resources.dbk:1305
1726 msgid "<literal>quit | thanks | --</literal>"
1729 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
1730 #: resources.dbk:1308
1731 msgid "Stops processing commands. All following lines are ignored by the bot."
1734 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1735 #: resources.dbk:1314
1737 "The <command>pts-subscribe</command> command-line utility (from the "
1738 "<systemitem role=\"package\">devscripts</systemitem> package) can be handy "
1739 "to temporarily subscribe to some packages, for example after having made an "
1740 "non-maintainer upload."
1743 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1744 #: resources.dbk:1322
1745 msgid "Filtering PTS mails"
1748 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1749 #: resources.dbk:1324
1751 "Once you are subscribed to a package, you will get the mails sent to "
1752 "<literal><replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable>@&pts-host;</literal>. "
1753 "Those mails have special headers appended to let you filter them in a "
1754 "special mailbox (e.g. with <command>procmail</command>). The added headers "
1755 "are <literal>X-Loop</literal>, <literal>X-PTS-Package</literal>, "
1756 "<literal>X-PTS-Keyword</literal> and <literal>X-Unsubscribe</literal>."
1759 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1760 #: resources.dbk:1332
1762 "Here is an example of added headers for a source upload notification on the "
1763 "<systemitem role=\"package\">dpkg</systemitem> package:"
1766 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
1767 #: resources.dbk:1336
1770 "X-Loop: dpkg@&pts-host;\n"
1771 "X-PTS-Package: dpkg\n"
1772 "X-PTS-Keyword: upload-source\n"
1773 "List-Unsubscribe: <mailto:pts@qa.debian.org?body=unsubscribe+dpkg>\n"
1776 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1777 #: resources.dbk:1344
1778 msgid "Forwarding VCS commits in the PTS"
1781 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1782 #: resources.dbk:1346
1784 "If you use a publicly accessible VCS repository for maintaining your Debian "
1785 "package, you may want to forward the commit notification to the PTS so that "
1786 "the subscribers (and possible co-maintainers) can closely follow the "
1787 "package's evolution."
1790 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1791 #: resources.dbk:1352
1793 "Once you set up the VCS repository to generate commit notifications, you "
1794 "just have to make sure it sends a copy of those mails to "
1795 "<literal><replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable>_cvs@&pts-host;</literal>. "
1796 "Only the people who accept the <literal>cvs</literal> keyword will receive "
1797 "these notifications. Note that the mail need to be sent from a "
1798 "<literal>debian.org</literal> machine, otherwise you'll have to add the "
1799 "<literal>X-PTS-Approved: 1</literal> header."
1802 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1803 #: resources.dbk:1361
1805 "For Subversion repositories, the usage of svnmailer is recommended. See "
1806 "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth-pkg;\" /> for an example on how to do it."
1809 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
1810 #: resources.dbk:1367
1811 msgid "The PTS web interface"
1814 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1815 #: resources.dbk:1369
1817 "The PTS has a web interface at <ulink url=\"http://&pts-host;/\"></ulink> "
1818 "that puts together a lot of information about each source package. It "
1819 "features many useful links (BTS, QA stats, contact information, DDTP "
1820 "translation status, buildd logs) and gathers much more information from "
1821 "various places (30 latest changelog entries, testing status, ...). It's a "
1822 "very useful tool if you want to know what's going on with a specific source "
1823 "package. Furthermore there's a form that allows easy subscription to the "
1827 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1828 #: resources.dbk:1379
1830 "You can jump directly to the web page concerning a specific source package "
1832 "<literal>http://&pts-host;/<replaceable>sourcepackage</replaceable></literal>."
1835 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1836 #: resources.dbk:1384
1838 "This web interface has been designed like a portal for the development of "
1839 "packages: you can add custom content on your packages' pages. You can add "
1840 "static information (news items that are meant to stay available "
1841 "indefinitely) and news items in the latest news section."
1844 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1845 #: resources.dbk:1390
1846 msgid "Static news items can be used to indicate:"
1849 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1850 #: resources.dbk:1395
1852 "the availability of a project hosted on <link "
1853 "linkend=\"alioth\">Alioth</link> for co-maintaining the package"
1856 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1857 #: resources.dbk:1401
1858 msgid "a link to the upstream web site"
1861 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1862 #: resources.dbk:1406
1863 msgid "a link to the upstream bug tracker"
1866 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1867 #: resources.dbk:1411
1868 msgid "the existence of an IRC channel dedicated to the software"
1871 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1872 #: resources.dbk:1416
1874 "any other available resource that could be useful in the maintenance of the "
1878 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1879 #: resources.dbk:1422
1880 msgid "Usual news items may be used to announce that:"
1883 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1884 #: resources.dbk:1427
1885 msgid "beta packages are available for testing"
1888 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1889 #: resources.dbk:1432
1890 msgid "final packages are expected for next week"
1893 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1894 #: resources.dbk:1437
1895 msgid "the packaging is about to be redone from scratch"
1898 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1899 #: resources.dbk:1442
1900 msgid "backports are available"
1903 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1904 #: resources.dbk:1447
1905 msgid "the maintainer is on vacation (if they wish to publish this information)"
1908 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1909 #: resources.dbk:1452
1910 msgid "a NMU is being worked on"
1913 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
1914 #: resources.dbk:1457
1915 msgid "something important will affect the package"
1918 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1919 #: resources.dbk:1462
1921 "Both kinds of news are generated in a similar manner: you just have to send "
1922 "an email either to <email>pts-static-news@qa.debian.org</email> or to "
1923 "<email>pts-news@qa.debian.org</email>. The mail should indicate which "
1924 "package is concerned by having the name of the source package in a "
1925 "<literal>X-PTS-Package</literal> mail header or in a "
1926 "<literal>Package</literal> pseudo-header (like the BTS reports). If a URL "
1927 "is available in the <literal>X-PTS-Url</literal> mail header or in the "
1928 "<literal>Url</literal> pseudo-header, then the result is a link to that URL "
1929 "instead of a complete news item."
1932 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1933 #: resources.dbk:1473
1935 "Here are a few examples of valid mails used to generate news items in the "
1936 "PTS. The first one adds a link to the cvsweb interface of debian-cd in the "
1937 "Static information section:"
1940 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
1941 #: resources.dbk:1478
1944 "From: Raphael Hertzog <hertzog@debian.org>\n"
1945 "To: pts-static-news@qa.debian.org\n"
1946 "Subject: Browse debian-cd SVN repository\n"
1948 "Package: debian-cd\n"
1949 "Url: http://svn.debian.org/viewsvn/debian-cd/trunk/\n"
1952 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1953 #: resources.dbk:1486
1955 "The second one is an announcement sent to a mailing list which is also sent "
1956 "to the PTS so that it is published on the PTS web page of the package. Note "
1957 "the use of the BCC field to avoid answers sent to the PTS by mistake."
1960 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><screen>
1961 #: resources.dbk:1491
1964 "From: Raphael Hertzog <hertzog@debian.org>\n"
1965 "To: debian-gtk-gnome@&lists-host;\n"
1966 "Bcc: pts-news@qa.debian.org\n"
1967 "Subject: Galeon 2.0 backported for woody\n"
1968 "X-PTS-Package: galeon\n"
1972 "I'm glad to announce that galeon has been backported for woody. You'll "
1974 "everything here:\n"
1978 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
1979 #: resources.dbk:1504
1981 "Think twice before adding a news item to the PTS because you won't be able "
1982 "to remove it later and you won't be able to edit it either. The only thing "
1983 "that you can do is send a second news item that will deprecate the "
1984 "information contained in the previous one."
1987 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
1988 #: resources.dbk:1514
1989 msgid "Developer's packages overview"
1992 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
1993 #: resources.dbk:1516
1995 "A QA (quality assurance) web portal is available at <ulink "
1996 "url=\"&url-ddpo;\"></ulink> which displays a table listing all the packages "
1997 "of a single developer (including those where the party is listed as a "
1998 "co-maintainer). The table gives a good summary about the developer's "
1999 "packages: number of bugs by severity, list of available versions in each "
2000 "distribution, testing status and much more including links to any other "
2001 "useful information."
2004 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2005 #: resources.dbk:1525
2007 "It is a good idea to look up your own data regularly so that you don't "
2008 "forget any open bugs, and so that you don't forget which packages are your "
2012 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
2013 #: resources.dbk:1532
2014 msgid "Debian's GForge installation: Alioth"
2017 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2018 #: resources.dbk:1534
2020 "Alioth is a Debian service based on a slightly modified version of the "
2021 "GForge software (which evolved from SourceForge). This software offers "
2022 "developers access to easy-to-use tools such as bug trackers, patch manager, "
2023 "project/task managers, file hosting services, mailing lists, CVS "
2024 "repositories etc. All these tools are managed via a web interface."
2027 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2028 #: resources.dbk:1541
2030 "It is intended to provide facilities to free software projects backed or led "
2031 "by Debian, facilitate contributions from external developers to projects "
2032 "started by Debian, and help projects whose goals are the promotion of Debian "
2033 "or its derivatives. It's heavily used by many Debian teams and provides "
2034 "hosting for all sorts of VCS repositories."
2037 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2038 #: resources.dbk:1548
2040 "All Debian developers automatically have an account on Alioth. They can "
2041 "activate it by using the recover password facility. External developers can "
2042 "request guest accounts on Alioth."
2045 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><para>
2046 #: resources.dbk:1553
2047 msgid "For more information please visit the following links:"
2050 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
2051 #: resources.dbk:1556
2052 msgid "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth-wiki;\" />"
2055 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
2056 #: resources.dbk:1557
2057 msgid "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth-faq;\" />"
2060 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
2061 #: resources.dbk:1558
2062 msgid "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth-pkg;\" />"
2065 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
2066 #: resources.dbk:1559
2067 msgid "<ulink url=\"&url-alioth;\" />"
2070 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><title>
2071 #: resources.dbk:1564
2072 msgid "Goodies for Developers"
2075 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
2076 #: resources.dbk:1566
2077 msgid "LWN Subscriptions"
2080 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
2081 #: resources.dbk:1568
2083 "Since October of 2002, HP has sponsored a subscription to LWN for all "
2084 "interested Debian developers. Details on how to get access to this benefit "
2086 "url=\"http://&lists-host;/debian-devel-announce/2002/10/msg00018.html\"></ulink>."
2089 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><title>
2090 #: resources.dbk:1575
2091 msgid "Gandi.net Hosting Discount"
2094 #. type: Content of: <chapter><section><section><para>
2095 #: resources.dbk:1577
2097 "As of November 2008, Gandi.net offers a discount rate on their VPS hosting "
2098 "for Debian Developers. See <ulink "
2099 "url=\"http://&lists-host;/debian-devel-announce/2008/11/msg00004.html\"></ulink>."