2 NOTE: getopt is now part of the C library, so if you don't know what
3 "Keep this file name-space clean" means, talk to roland@gnu.ai.mit.edu
6 Copyright (C) 1987, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 1993
7 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
9 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
10 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
11 Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
14 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
27 #if !__STDC__ && !defined(const) && IN_GCC
31 /* This tells Alpha OSF/1 not to define a getopt prototype in <stdio.h>. */
38 /* Comment out all this code if we are using the GNU C Library, and are not
39 actually compiling the library itself. This code is part of the GNU C
40 Library, but also included in many other GNU distributions. Compiling
41 and linking in this code is a waste when using the GNU C library
42 (especially if it is a shared library). Rather than having every GNU
43 program understand `configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object files,
44 it is simpler to just do this in the source for each such file. */
46 #if defined (_LIBC) || !defined (__GNU_LIBRARY__)
49 /* This needs to come after some library #include
50 to get __GNU_LIBRARY__ defined. */
51 #ifdef __GNU_LIBRARY__
52 /* Don't include stdlib.h for non-GNU C libraries because some of them
53 contain conflicting prototypes for getopt. */
55 #endif /* GNU C library. */
57 /* If GETOPT_COMPAT is defined, `+' as well as `--' can introduce a
58 long-named option. Because this is not POSIX.2 compliant, it is
60 /* #define GETOPT_COMPAT */
62 /* This version of `getopt' appears to the caller like standard Unix `getopt'
63 but it behaves differently for the user, since it allows the user
64 to intersperse the options with the other arguments.
66 As `getopt' works, it permutes the elements of ARGV so that,
67 when it is done, all the options precede everything else. Thus
68 all application programs are extended to handle flexible argument order.
70 Setting the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT disables permutation.
71 Then the behavior is completely standard.
73 GNU application programs can use a third alternative mode in which
74 they can distinguish the relative order of options and other arguments. */
78 /* For communication from `getopt' to the caller.
79 When `getopt' finds an option that takes an argument,
80 the argument value is returned here.
81 Also, when `ordering' is RETURN_IN_ORDER,
82 each non-option ARGV-element is returned here. */
86 /* Index in ARGV of the next element to be scanned.
87 This is used for communication to and from the caller
88 and for communication between successive calls to `getopt'.
90 On entry to `getopt', zero means this is the first call; initialize.
92 When `getopt' returns EOF, this is the index of the first of the
93 non-option elements that the caller should itself scan.
95 Otherwise, `optind' communicates from one call to the next
96 how much of ARGV has been scanned so far. */
98 /* XXX 1003.2 says this must be 1 before any call. */
101 /* The next char to be scanned in the option-element
102 in which the last option character we returned was found.
103 This allows us to pick up the scan where we left off.
105 If this is zero, or a null string, it means resume the scan
106 by advancing to the next ARGV-element. */
108 static char *nextchar;
110 /* Callers store zero here to inhibit the error message
111 for unrecognized options. */
115 /* Set to an option character which was unrecognized.
116 This must be initialized on some systems to avoid linking in the
117 system's own getopt implementation. */
121 /* Describe how to deal with options that follow non-option ARGV-elements.
123 If the caller did not specify anything,
124 the default is REQUIRE_ORDER if the environment variable
125 POSIXLY_CORRECT is defined, PERMUTE otherwise.
127 REQUIRE_ORDER means don't recognize them as options;
128 stop option processing when the first non-option is seen.
129 This is what Unix does.
130 This mode of operation is selected by either setting the environment
131 variable POSIXLY_CORRECT, or using `+' as the first character
132 of the list of option characters.
134 PERMUTE is the default. We permute the contents of ARGV as we scan,
135 so that eventually all the non-options are at the end. This allows options
136 to be given in any order, even with programs that were not written to
139 RETURN_IN_ORDER is an option available to programs that were written
140 to expect options and other ARGV-elements in any order and that care about
141 the ordering of the two. We describe each non-option ARGV-element
142 as if it were the argument of an option with character code 1.
143 Using `-' as the first character of the list of option characters
144 selects this mode of operation.
146 The special argument `--' forces an end of option-scanning regardless
147 of the value of `ordering'. In the case of RETURN_IN_ORDER, only
148 `--' can cause `getopt' to return EOF with `optind' != ARGC. */
152 REQUIRE_ORDER, PERMUTE, RETURN_IN_ORDER
155 #ifdef __GNU_LIBRARY__
156 /* We want to avoid inclusion of string.h with non-GNU libraries
157 because there are many ways it can cause trouble.
158 On some systems, it contains special magic macros that don't work
161 #define my_index strchr
162 #define my_bcopy(src, dst, n) memcpy ((dst), (src), (n))
165 /* Avoid depending on library functions or files
166 whose names are inconsistent. */
185 my_bcopy (from, to, size)
191 for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
194 #endif /* GNU C library. */
196 /* Handle permutation of arguments. */
198 /* Describe the part of ARGV that contains non-options that have
199 been skipped. `first_nonopt' is the index in ARGV of the first of them;
200 `last_nonopt' is the index after the last of them. */
202 static int first_nonopt;
203 static int last_nonopt;
205 /* Exchange two adjacent subsequences of ARGV.
206 One subsequence is elements [first_nonopt,last_nonopt)
207 which contains all the non-options that have been skipped so far.
208 The other is elements [last_nonopt,optind), which contains all
209 the options processed since those non-options were skipped.
211 `first_nonopt' and `last_nonopt' are relocated so that they describe
212 the new indices of the non-options in ARGV after they are moved. */
218 int nonopts_size = (last_nonopt - first_nonopt) * sizeof (char *);
219 char **temp = (char **) safe_malloc (nonopts_size, "getopt");
221 /* Interchange the two blocks of data in ARGV. */
223 my_bcopy ((char *) &argv[first_nonopt], (char *) temp, nonopts_size);
224 my_bcopy ((char *) &argv[last_nonopt], (char *) &argv[first_nonopt],
225 (optind - last_nonopt) * sizeof (char *));
226 my_bcopy ((char *) temp,
227 (char *) &argv[first_nonopt + optind - last_nonopt],
230 /* Update records for the slots the non-options now occupy. */
232 first_nonopt += (optind - last_nonopt);
233 last_nonopt = optind;
237 /* Scan elements of ARGV (whose length is ARGC) for option characters
240 If an element of ARGV starts with '-', and is not exactly "-" or "--",
241 then it is an option element. The characters of this element
242 (aside from the initial '-') are option characters. If `getopt'
243 is called repeatedly, it returns successively each of the option characters
244 from each of the option elements.
246 If `getopt' finds another option character, it returns that character,
247 updating `optind' and `nextchar' so that the next call to `getopt' can
248 resume the scan with the following option character or ARGV-element.
250 If there are no more option characters, `getopt' returns `EOF'.
251 Then `optind' is the index in ARGV of the first ARGV-element
252 that is not an option. (The ARGV-elements have been permuted
253 so that those that are not options now come last.)
255 OPTSTRING is a string containing the legitimate option characters.
256 If an option character is seen that is not listed in OPTSTRING,
257 return '?' after printing an error message. If you set `opterr' to
258 zero, the error message is suppressed but we still return '?'.
260 If a char in OPTSTRING is followed by a colon, that means it wants an arg,
261 so the following text in the same ARGV-element, or the text of the following
262 ARGV-element, is returned in `optarg'. Two colons mean an option that
263 wants an optional arg; if there is text in the current ARGV-element,
264 it is returned in `optarg', otherwise `optarg' is set to zero.
266 If OPTSTRING starts with `-' or `+', it requests different methods of
267 handling the non-option ARGV-elements.
268 See the comments about RETURN_IN_ORDER and REQUIRE_ORDER, above.
270 Long-named options begin with `--' instead of `-'.
271 Their names may be abbreviated as long as the abbreviation is unique
272 or is an exact match for some defined option. If they have an
273 argument, it follows the option name in the same ARGV-element, separated
274 from the option name by a `=', or else the in next ARGV-element.
275 When `getopt' finds a long-named option, it returns 0 if that option's
276 `flag' field is nonzero, the value of the option's `val' field
277 if the `flag' field is zero.
279 The elements of ARGV aren't really const, because we permute them.
280 But we pretend they're const in the prototype to be compatible
283 LONGOPTS is a vector of `struct option' terminated by an
284 element containing a name which is zero.
286 LONGIND returns the index in LONGOPT of the long-named option found.
287 It is only valid when a long-named option has been found by the most
290 If LONG_ONLY is nonzero, '-' as well as '--' can introduce
291 long-named options. */
294 _getopt_internal (argc, argv, optstring, longopts, longind, long_only)
297 const char *optstring;
298 const struct option *longopts;
306 /* Initialize the internal data when the first call is made.
307 Start processing options with ARGV-element 1 (since ARGV-element 0
308 is the program name); the sequence of previously skipped
309 non-option ARGV-elements is empty. */
313 first_nonopt = last_nonopt = optind = 1;
317 /* Determine how to handle the ordering of options and nonoptions. */
319 if (optstring[0] == '-')
321 ordering = RETURN_IN_ORDER;
324 else if (optstring[0] == '+')
326 ordering = REQUIRE_ORDER;
329 else if (getenv ("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL)
330 ordering = REQUIRE_ORDER;
335 if (nextchar == NULL || *nextchar == '\0')
337 if (ordering == PERMUTE)
339 /* If we have just processed some options following some non-options,
340 exchange them so that the options come first. */
342 if (first_nonopt != last_nonopt && last_nonopt != optind)
343 exchange ((char **) argv);
344 else if (last_nonopt != optind)
345 first_nonopt = optind;
347 /* Now skip any additional non-options
348 and extend the range of non-options previously skipped. */
351 && (argv[optind][0] != '-' || argv[optind][1] == '\0')
354 || argv[optind][0] != '+' || argv[optind][1] == '\0')
355 #endif /* GETOPT_COMPAT */
358 last_nonopt = optind;
361 /* Special ARGV-element `--' means premature end of options.
362 Skip it like a null option,
363 then exchange with previous non-options as if it were an option,
364 then skip everything else like a non-option. */
366 if (optind != argc && !strcmp (argv[optind], "--"))
370 if (first_nonopt != last_nonopt && last_nonopt != optind)
371 exchange ((char **) argv);
372 else if (first_nonopt == last_nonopt)
373 first_nonopt = optind;
379 /* If we have done all the ARGV-elements, stop the scan
380 and back over any non-options that we skipped and permuted. */
384 /* Set the next-arg-index to point at the non-options
385 that we previously skipped, so the caller will digest them. */
386 if (first_nonopt != last_nonopt)
387 optind = first_nonopt;
391 /* If we have come to a non-option and did not permute it,
392 either stop the scan or describe it to the caller and pass it by. */
394 if ((argv[optind][0] != '-' || argv[optind][1] == '\0')
397 || argv[optind][0] != '+' || argv[optind][1] == '\0')
398 #endif /* GETOPT_COMPAT */
401 if (ordering == REQUIRE_ORDER)
403 optarg = argv[optind++];
407 /* We have found another option-ARGV-element.
408 Start decoding its characters. */
410 nextchar = (argv[optind] + 1
411 + (longopts != NULL && argv[optind][1] == '-'));
415 && ((argv[optind][0] == '-'
416 && (argv[optind][1] == '-' || long_only))
418 || argv[optind][0] == '+'
419 #endif /* GETOPT_COMPAT */
422 const struct option *p;
426 const struct option *pfound = NULL;
429 while (*s && *s != '=')
432 /* Test all options for either exact match or abbreviated matches. */
433 for (p = longopts, option_index = 0; p->name;
435 if (!strncmp (p->name, nextchar, s - nextchar))
437 if (s - nextchar == strlen (p->name))
439 /* Exact match found. */
441 indfound = option_index;
445 else if (pfound == NULL)
447 /* First nonexact match found. */
449 indfound = option_index;
452 /* Second nonexact match found. */
459 fprintf (stderr, "%s: option `%s' is ambiguous\n",
460 argv[0], argv[optind]);
461 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
468 option_index = indfound;
472 /* Don't test has_arg with >, because some C compilers don't
473 allow it to be used on enums. */
480 if (argv[optind - 1][1] == '-')
483 "%s: option `--%s' doesn't allow an argument\n",
484 argv[0], pfound->name);
486 /* +option or -option */
488 "%s: option `%c%s' doesn't allow an argument\n",
489 argv[0], argv[optind - 1][0], pfound->name);
491 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
495 else if (pfound->has_arg == 1)
498 optarg = argv[optind++];
502 fprintf (stderr, "%s: option `%s' requires an argument\n",
503 argv[0], argv[optind - 1]);
504 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
505 return optstring[0] == ':' ? ':' : '?';
508 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
510 *longind = option_index;
513 *(pfound->flag) = pfound->val;
518 /* Can't find it as a long option. If this is not getopt_long_only,
519 or the option starts with '--' or is not a valid short
520 option, then it's an error.
521 Otherwise interpret it as a short option. */
522 if (!long_only || argv[optind][1] == '-'
524 || argv[optind][0] == '+'
525 #endif /* GETOPT_COMPAT */
526 || my_index (optstring, *nextchar) == NULL)
530 if (argv[optind][1] == '-')
532 fprintf (stderr, "%s: unrecognized option `--%s'\n",
535 /* +option or -option */
536 fprintf (stderr, "%s: unrecognized option `%c%s'\n",
537 argv[0], argv[optind][0], nextchar);
539 nextchar = (char *) "";
545 /* Look at and handle the next option-character. */
548 char c = *nextchar++;
549 char *temp = my_index (optstring, c);
551 /* Increment `optind' when we start to process its last character. */
552 if (*nextchar == '\0')
555 if (temp == NULL || c == ':')
560 if (c < 040 || c >= 0177)
561 fprintf (stderr, "%s: unrecognized option, character code 0%o\n",
564 fprintf (stderr, "%s: unrecognized option `-%c'\n", argv[0], c);
566 /* 1003.2 specifies the format of this message. */
567 fprintf (stderr, "%s: illegal option -- %c\n", argv[0], c);
577 /* This is an option that accepts an argument optionally. */
578 if (*nextchar != '\0')
589 /* This is an option that requires an argument. */
590 if (*nextchar != '\0')
593 /* If we end this ARGV-element by taking the rest as an arg,
594 we must advance to the next element now. */
597 else if (optind == argc)
602 fprintf (stderr, "%s: option `-%c' requires an argument\n",
605 /* 1003.2 specifies the format of this message. */
606 fprintf (stderr, "%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n",
611 if (optstring[0] == ':')
617 /* We already incremented `optind' once;
618 increment it again when taking next ARGV-elt as argument. */
619 optarg = argv[optind++];
628 getopt (argc, argv, optstring)
631 const char *optstring;
633 return _getopt_internal (argc, argv, optstring,
634 (const struct option *) 0,
639 #endif /* _LIBC or not __GNU_LIBRARY__. */
643 /* Compile with -DTEST to make an executable for use in testing
644 the above definition of `getopt'. */
652 int digit_optind = 0;
656 int this_option_optind = optind ? optind : 1;
658 c = getopt (argc, argv, "abc:d:0123456789");
674 if (digit_optind != 0 && digit_optind != this_option_optind)
675 printf ("digits occur in two different argv-elements.\n");
676 digit_optind = this_option_optind;
677 printf ("option %c\n", c);
681 printf ("option a\n");
685 printf ("option b\n");
689 printf ("option c with value `%s'\n", optarg);
696 printf ("?? getopt returned character code 0%o ??\n", c);
702 printf ("non-option ARGV-elements: ");
703 while (optind < argc)
704 printf ("%s ", argv[optind++]);