3 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
4 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
5 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
6 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
7 fix possibly broken rules.
11 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
12 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
13 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
14 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
18 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
19 also skipped optical IDE drives.
21 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
23 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
24 packaging process and not at build time.
26 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
27 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
28 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
29 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
30 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
34 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
35 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
37 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
38 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
39 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
41 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
42 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
46 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
48 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
52 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
53 events for the same device.
57 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
59 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
64 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
65 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
66 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
67 received the event for.
69 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
74 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
76 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
77 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
78 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
79 the end of the program name to prevent this.
80 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
81 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
82 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
86 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
87 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
88 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
89 included in a package.
91 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
92 the ignore rule was applied.
94 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
95 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
96 should be requested by their subsytem.
98 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
100 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
101 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
103 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
104 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
105 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
106 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
107 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
110 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
111 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
112 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
113 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
114 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
115 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
116 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
117 for changed parent chains.
121 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
122 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
124 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
125 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
127 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
128 to make %b simpler and working again.
132 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
133 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
134 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
135 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
136 change. They will be fixed immediately.
138 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
139 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
140 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
141 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
142 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
144 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
145 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
146 the sysfs "modalias" value.
148 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
152 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
154 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
155 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
157 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
158 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
162 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
163 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
164 mentioned on the hotplug list:
165 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
168 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
172 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
173 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
174 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
178 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
179 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
180 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
181 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
182 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
183 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
185 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
186 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
188 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
189 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
190 still private to udev and can change at any time.
192 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
193 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
194 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
195 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
197 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
198 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
199 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
202 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
203 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
204 before starting the daemon.
208 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
211 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
212 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
216 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
217 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
219 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
220 without any queuing now.
224 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
225 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
226 version of udev anymore.
230 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
231 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
232 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
233 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
234 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
236 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
237 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
238 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
239 device removal and the udev database will not work.
241 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
244 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
248 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
250 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
251 non-writable /tmp directory.
253 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
254 let's see who can break this again. :)
256 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
257 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
258 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
259 versions will _not_ create these devices!
263 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
268 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
269 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
270 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
271 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
272 export it to the filesystem.
276 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
277 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
282 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
283 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
284 available while we try to run external programs.
285 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
289 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
290 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
291 grab it from here. :)
295 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
297 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
298 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
299 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
303 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
305 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
307 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
308 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
313 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
317 Mostly a Bugfix release.
319 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
320 timing with custom rules.
324 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
325 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
327 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
328 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
329 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
331 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
339 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
340 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
341 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
342 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
344 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
345 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
346 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
348 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
349 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
350 bypass the driver core.
352 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
353 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
354 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
355 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
356 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
357 from a rule if needed:
358 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
359 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
360 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
361 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
362 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
363 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
365 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
366 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
367 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
368 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
370 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
371 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
372 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
374 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
375 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
376 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
377 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
378 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
380 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
381 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
382 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
383 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
386 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
387 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
388 to export the probed data in environment key format:
389 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
390 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
391 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
395 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
396 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
399 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
402 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
403 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
405 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
406 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
407 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
409 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
410 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
411 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
412 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
414 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
415 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
416 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
419 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
420 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
421 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
422 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
423 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
424 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
426 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
427 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
428 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
429 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
433 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
434 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
438 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
439 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
440 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
444 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
445 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
447 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
448 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
449 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
450 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
452 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
453 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
454 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
456 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
457 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
459 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
460 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
461 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
462 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
463 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
464 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
465 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
470 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
471 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
472 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
476 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
478 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
479 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
481 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
482 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
484 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
485 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
486 character class negations like:
487 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
488 this can now be replaced with:
490 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
491 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
493 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
496 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
497 with every forked event.