5 Removal of useless extras/eventrecorder.sh.
15 The directory multiplexer for dev.d/ and hotplug.d are finally removed
16 from the udev package.
22 Symlinks can have priorities now, the priority is assigned to the device
23 and specified with OPTIONS="link_priority=100". Devices with higher
24 priorities overwrite the symlinks of devices with lower priorities.
25 If the device that currently owns the link, goes away, the symlink
26 will be removed, and recreated, pointing to the next device with the
27 highest actual priority. This should make /dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,id}
28 more reliable, if multiple devices contain the same metadata and overwrite
31 The dasd_id program is removed from the udev tree, and dasdinfo, with the
32 needed rules, are part of the s390-tools now.
34 Please add KERNEL=="[0-9]*:[0-9]*" to the scsi wait-for-sysfs rule,
35 we may get the scsi sysfs mess fixed some day, and this will only catch
36 the devices we are looking for.
38 USB serial numbers for storage devices have the target:lun now appended,
39 to make it possibble to distinguish broken multi-lun devices with all
40 the same SCSI identifiers.
42 Note: The extra "run_directory" which searches and executes stuff in
43 /etc/hotplug.d/ and /etc/dev.d/ is long deprecated, and will be removed
44 with the next release. Make sure, that you don't use it anymore, or
45 provides your own implementation of that inefficient stuff.
46 We are tired of reports about a "slow udev", because these directories
47 contain stuff, that runs with _every_ event, instead of using rules,
48 that run programs only for the matching events.
58 DRIVER== will match only for devices that actually have a real
59 driver. DRIVERS== must be used, if parent devices should be
60 included in the match.
62 Libvolume_id's "linux_raid" detection needed another fix.
70 Add additional check to volume_id detection of via_raid, cause
71 some company decided to put a matching pattern all over the empty
72 storage area of their music players.
76 Fix path_id for SAS devices.
80 The udev daemon can be started with --debug-trace now, which will
81 execute all events serialized to get a chance to catch a possible
82 action that crashes the box.
84 A warning is logged, if PHYSDEV* keys, the "device" link, or a parent
85 device attribute like $attr{../file} is used, only WAIT_FOR_SYSFS rules
86 are excluded from the warning. Referencing parent attributes directly
87 may break when something in the kernel driver model changes. Udev will
88 just find the attribute by walking up the parent chain.
90 Udevtrigger now sorts the list of devices depending on the device
91 dependency, so a "usb" device is triggered after the parent "pci"
96 Revert persistent-storage ata-serial '_' '-' replacement.
102 Udevtrigger can now filter the list of devices to be triggered. Matches
103 for subsystems or sysfs attributes can be specified.
105 The entries in /dev/.udev/queue and /dev/.udev/failed have changed to
106 zero-sized files to avoid pointing to /sys and confuse broken tools which
107 scan the /dev directory. To retry failed events, udevtrigger --retry-failed
110 The rules and scripts to create udev rules for persistent network
111 devices and optical drives are in the extras/rules_generator directory
112 now. If you use something similar, please consider replacing your own
113 version with this, to share the support effort. The rule_generator
114 installs its own rules into /etc/udev/rules.d.
116 The cdrom_id tool installs its own rule now in /etc/udev/rules.d, cause
117 the rule_generator depends on cdrom_id to be called in an earlier rule.
123 Renaming of some key names (the old names still work):
124 BUS -> SUBSYSTEMS, ID -> KERNELS, SYSFS -> ATTRS, DRIVER -> DRIVERS.
125 (The behavior of the key DRIVER will change soon in one of the next
126 releases, to match only the event device, please switch to DRIVERS
127 instead. If DRIVER is used, it will behave like DRIVERS, but an error
129 With the new key names, we have a more consistent and simpler scheme.
130 We can match the properties of the event device only, with: KERNEL,
131 SUBSYSTEM, ATTR, DRIVER. Or include all the parent devices in the match,
132 with: KERNELS, SUBSYSTEMS, ATTRS, DRIVERS. ID, BUS, SYSFS, DRIVER are no
133 longer mentioned in the man page and should be switched in the rule
136 ATTR{file}="value" can be used now, to write to a sysfs file of the
137 event device. Instead of:
138 ..., SYSFS{type}=="0|7|14", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 60 > /sys$$DEVPATH/timeout'"
140 ..., ATTR{type}=="0|7|14", ATTR{timeout}="60"
142 All the PHYSDEV* keys are deprecated and will be removed from a
144 PHYDEVPATH - is the path of a parent device and should not be
146 PHYSDEVBUS - is just a SUBSYSTEM value of a parent, and can be
147 matched with SUBSYSTEMS==
148 PHYSDEVDRIVER - for bus devices it is available as ENV{DRIVER}.
149 Newer kernels will have DRIVER in the environment,
150 for older kernels udev puts in. Class device will
151 no longer carry this property of a parent and
152 DRIVERS== can be used to match such a parent value.
153 Note that ENV{DRIVER} is only available for a few bus devices, where
154 the driver is already bound at device event time. On coldplug, the
155 events for a lot devices are already bound to a driver, and they will have
156 that value set. But on hotplug, at the time the kernel creates the device,
157 it can't know what driver may claim the device after that, therefore
158 in most cases it will be empty.
160 Failed events should now be re-triggered with:
161 udevtrigger --retry-failed.
162 Please switch to this command, so we keep the details of the /dev/.udev/failed/
163 files private to the udev tools. We may need to switch the current symlink
164 target, cause some obviously broken tools try to scan all files in /dev
165 including /dev/.udev/, find the links to /sys and end up stat()'ing sysfs files
166 million times. This takes ages on slow boxes.
168 The udevinfo attribute walk (-a) now works with giving a device node
169 name (-n) instead of a devpath (-p). The query now always works, also when
170 no database file was created by udev.
172 The built-in /etc/passwd /etc/group parser is removed, we always depend on
173 getpwnam() and getgrnam() now. One of the next releases will depend on
174 fnmatch() and may use getopt_long().
178 Bugfixes and small improvements.
182 Fix path_id for recent kernels.
188 Added support for swapping network interface names, by temporarily
189 renaming the device and wait for the target name to become free.
193 The built-in MODALIAS key and substitution is removed.
197 The binary firmware helper is replaced by the usual simple
198 shell script. Udevsend is removed from the tree.
206 Some more keys require the correct use of '==' and '=' depending
207 on the kind of operation beeing an assignment or a match. Rules
208 with invalid operations are skipped and logged to syslog. Please
209 test with udevtest if the parsing of your rules throws errors and
210 fix possibly broken rules.
214 Provide "udevsettle" to wait for all current udev events to finish.
215 It also watches the current kernel netlink queue by comparing the
216 even sequence number to make sure that there are no current pending
217 events that have not already arrived in the daemon.
221 Fix rule to skip persistent rules for removable IDE devices, which
222 also skipped optical IDE drives.
224 All *_id program are installed in /lib/udev/ by default now.
226 No binary is stripped anymore as this should be done in the
227 packaging process and not at build time.
229 libvolume_id is provided as a shared library now and vol_id is
230 linked against it. Also one of the next HAL versions will require
231 this library, and the HAL build process will also require the
232 header file to be installed. The copy of the same code in HAL will
233 be removed to have only a single copy left on the system.
237 Add persistent links for SCSI tapes. The rules file is renamed
238 to 60-persistent-storage.rules.
240 Create persistent path for usb devices. Can be used for all sorts
241 of devices that can't be distinguished by other properties like
242 multiple identical keyboards and mice connected to the same box.
244 Provide "udevtrigger" program to request events on coldplug. The
245 shell script is much too slow with thousends of devices.
249 Fix persistent disk rules to exclude removable IDE drives.
251 Warn if %e, $modalias or MODALIAS is used.
255 Fix queue export, which wasn't correct for subsequent add/remove
256 events for the same device.
260 Fix cramfs detection on big endian.
262 Make WAIT_FOR_SYSFS usable in "normal" rules and silent if the whole
267 If BUS== and SYSFS{}== have been used in the same rule, the sysfs
268 attributes were only checked at the parent device that matched the
269 by BUS requested subsystem. Fix it to also look at the device we
270 received the event for.
272 Build variable CROSS has changed to CROSS_COMPILE to match the kernel
277 Fix a bug where NAME="" would prevent RUN from beeing executed.
279 RUN="/bin/program" does not longer automatically add the subsystem
280 as the first parameter. This is from the days of /sbin/hotplug
281 which is dead now and it's just confusing to need to add a space at
282 the end of the program name to prevent this.
283 If you use rules that need the subsystem as the first parameter,
284 like the old "udev_run_hotlugd" and "udev_run_devd", add the subsystem
285 to the key like RUN+="/bin/program $env{SUBSYSTEM}".
289 The udev man page has moved to udev(7) as it does not describe a command
290 anymore. The programs udev, udevstart and udevsend are no longer installed
291 by default and must be copied manually, if they should be installed or
292 included in a package.
294 Fix a bug where "ignore_device" could run earlier collected RUN keys before
295 the ignore rule was applied.
297 More preparation for future sysfs changes. usb_id and scsi_id no longer
298 depend on a magic order of devices in the /devices chain. Specific devices
299 should be requested by their subsytem.
301 This will always find the scsi parent device without depending on a specific
303 dev = sysfs_device_get(devpath);
304 dev_usb = sysfs_device_get_parent_with_subsystem(dev, "scsi");
306 The "device" link in the current sysfs layout will be automatically
307 _resolved_ as a parent and in the new sysfs layout it will just _be_ the
308 parent in the devpath. If a device is requested by it's symlink, like all
309 class devices in the new sysfs layout will look like, it gets automatically
310 resolved and substituted with the real devpath and not the symlink path.
313 A similar logic must be applied to _all_ sysfs users, including
314 scripts, that search along parent devices in sysfs. The explicit use of
315 the "device" link must be avoided. With the future sysfs layout all
316 DEVPATH's will start with /devices/ and have a "subsystem" symlink poiting
317 back to the "class" or the "bus". The layout of the parent devices in
318 /devices is not necessarily expected to be stable across kernel releases and
319 searching for parents by their subsystem should make sysfs users tolerant
320 for changed parent chains.
324 Prepare udev to work with the experimental kernel patch, that moves
325 /sys/class devices to /sys/devices and /sys/block to /sys/class/block.
327 Clarify BUS, ID, $id usage and fix $id behavior. This prepares for
328 moving the class devices to /sys/devices.
330 Thanks again to Marco for help finding a hopefully nice compromise
331 to make %b simpler and working again.
335 Complete removal of libsysfs, replaced by simple helper functions
336 which are much simpler and a bit faster. The udev daemon operatesentirely
337 on event parameters and does not use sysfs for simple rules anymore.
338 Please report any new bugs/problems, that may be caused by this big
339 change. They will be fixed immediately.
341 The enumeration format character '%e' is deprecated and will be
342 removed sometimes from a future udev version. It never worked correctly
343 outside of udevstart, so we can't use it with the new parallel
344 coldplug. A simple enumeration is as useless as the devfs naming
345 scheme, just get rid of both if you still use it.
347 MODALIAS and $modalias is not needed and will be removed from one of
348 the next udev versions, replace it in all rules with ENV{MODALIAS} or
349 the sysfs "modalias" value.
351 Thanks a lot to Marco for all his help on finding and fixing bugs.
355 Let scsi_id request libata drive serial numbers from page 0x80.
357 Renamed etc/udev/persistent.rules to persistent-disk.rules and
358 added /dev/disk/by-name/* for device mapper device names.
360 Removed %e from the man page. It never worked reliably outside
361 of udevstart and udevstart is no longer recommended to use.
365 Symlinks are now exported to the event environment. Hopefully it's no
366 longer needed to run udevinfo from an event process, like it was
367 mentioned on the hotplug list:
368 UDEV [1134776873.702967] add@/block/sdb
371 DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-id/usb-IBM_Memory_Key_0218B301030027E8 /dev/disk/by-path/usb-0218B301030027E8:0:0:0
375 Fix a problem if udevsend is used as the hotplug handler and tries to use
376 syslog, which causes a "vc" event loop. 2.6.15 will make udevsend obsolete
377 and this kind of problems will hopefully go away soon.
381 All built-in logic to work around bad sysfs timing is removed with this
382 version. The need to wait for sysfs files is almost fixed with a kernel
383 version that doesn't work with this udev version anyway. Until we fix
384 the timing of the "bus" link creation, the former integrated logic should
385 be emulated by a rule placed before all other rules:
386 ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/*", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="?*", WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="bus"
388 The option "udev_db" does no longer exist. All udev state will be in
389 /$udev_root/.udev/ now, there is no longer an option to set this
391 If the init script or something else used this value, just depend on
392 this hardcoded path. But remember _all_content_ of this directory is
393 still private to udev and can change at any time.
395 Default location for rule sripts and helper programs is now: /lib/udev/.
396 Everything that is not useful on the commandline should go into this
397 directory. Some of the helpers in the extras folder are installed there
398 now. The rules need to be changed, to find the helpers there.
400 Also /lib/udev/devices is recommended as a directory where packages or
401 the user can place real device nodes, which get copied over to /dev at
402 every boot. This should replace the various solutions with custom config
405 Udevsend does no longer start the udev daemon. This must be done with
406 the init script that prepares /dev on tmpfs and creates the initial nodes,
407 before starting the daemon.
411 Silent a too verbose error logging for the old hotplug.d/ dev.d/
414 The copy of klibc is removed. A systemwide installed version of klibc
415 should be used to build a klibc udev now.
419 NAME="" will not create any nodes, but execute RUN keys. To completely
420 ignore an event the OPTION "ignore_device" should be used.
422 After removal of the reorder queue, events with a TIMEOUT can be executed
423 without any queuing now.
427 Fixed bug in udevd, if inotify is not available. We depend on netlink
428 uevents now, kernels without that event source will not work with that
429 version of udev anymore.
433 The rule parsing happens now in the daemon once at startup, all udev
434 event processes inherit the already parsed rules from the daemon.
435 It is shipped with SUSE10.0 and reduces heavily the system load at
436 startup. The option to save precompiled rules and let the udev process
437 pick the them up is removed, as it's no longer needed.
439 Kernel 2.6.15 will have symlinks at /class/input pointing to the real
440 device. Libsysfs is changed to "translate" the requested link into the
441 real device path, as it would happen with the hotplug event. Otherwise
442 device removal and the udev database will not work.
444 Using 'make STRIPCMD=' will leave the binaries unstripped for debugging
447 A few improvements for vol_id, the filesytem probing code.
451 Fix a stupid typo in extras/run_directory for "make install".
453 scsi_id creates the temporary devnode now in /dev for usage with a
454 non-writable /tmp directory.
456 The uevent kernel socket buffer can carry app. 50.000 events now,
457 let's see who can break this again. :)
459 The upcoming kernel will have a new input driver core integration.
460 Some class devices are now symlinks to the real device. libsysfs
461 needs a fix for this to work correctly. Udevstart of older udev
462 versions will _not_ create these devices!
466 Fix a 'install' target in the Makefile, that prevents EXTRAS from
471 A bunch of mostly trivial bugfixes. From now on no node name or
472 symlink name can contain any character than plain whitelisted ascii
473 characters or validated utf8 byte-streams. This is needed for the
474 /dev/disk/by-label/* links, because we import untrusted data and
475 export it to the filesystem.
479 More bugfixes. If udevd was started from the kernel, we don't
480 have stdin/stdout/stderr, which broke the forked tools in some
485 Bugfix. udevstart event ordering was broken for a long time.
486 The new run_program() uncovered it, because /dev/null was not
487 available while we try to run external programs.
488 Now udevstart should create it before we run anything.
492 Minor bugfixes and some distro rules updates. If you don't have the
493 persistent disk rules in /dev/disk/by-*/* on your distro, just
494 grab it from here. :)
498 We can use socket communication now to pass events from udev to
500 RUN+="socket:/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_event"
501 will pass the whole udev event to the HAL daemon without the need
502 for a forked helper. (See ChangeLog for udevmonitor, as an example)
506 Mostly bugfixes and see ChangeLog.
508 The test for the existence of an environment value should be
510 ENV{KEY}=="*" to ENV{KEY}=="?*"
511 because "*" will not fail anymore, if the key does not exist or
516 Bugfixes and a few tweaks described in the ChangeLog.
520 Mostly a Bugfix release.
522 Added WAIT_FOR_SYSFS="<attribute>" to be able to fight against the sysfs
523 timing with custom rules.
527 We changed the internal rule storage format. Our large rule files took
528 2 MB of RAM, with the change we are down to 99kB.
530 If the device-node has been created with default name and no symlink or
531 options are to remenber, it is not longer stored in the udevdb. HAL will
532 need to be updated to work correctly with that change.
534 To overrride optimization flags, OPTFLAGS may be used now.
542 Major changes happened with this release. The goal is to take over the
543 complete kernel-event handling and provide a more efficient way to dispatch
544 kernel events. Replacing most of the current shell script logic and the
545 kernel forked helper with a netlink-daemon and a rule-based event handling.
547 o udevd listens to netlink events now. The first valid netlink event
548 will make udevd ignore any message from udevsend that contains a
549 SEQNUM, to avoid duplicate events. The forked events can be disabled
551 echo "" > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
552 For full support, the broken input-subsytem needs to be fixed, not to
553 bypass the driver core.
555 o /etc/dev.d/ + /etc/hotplug.d/ directory multiplexing is completely
556 removed from udev itself and must be emulated by calling small
557 helper binaries provided in the extras folder:
558 make EXTRAS=extras/run_directory/
559 will build udev_run_devd and udev_run_hotplugd, which can be called
560 from a rule if needed:
561 RUN+="/sbin/udev_run_hotplugd"
562 The recommended way to handle this is to convert all the calls from
563 the directories to explicit udev rules and get completely rid of the
564 multiplexing. (To catch a ttyUSB event, you now no longer need to
565 fork and exit 300 tty script instances you are not interested in, it
566 is just one rule that matches exactly the device.)
568 o udev handles now _all_ events not just events for class and block
569 devices, this way it is possible to control the complete event
570 behavior with udev rules. Especially useful for rules like:
571 ACTION="add", DEVPATH="/devices/*", MODALIAS=="?*", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe $modalias"
573 o As used in the modalias rule, udev supports now textual
574 substitution placeholder along with the usual format chars. This
575 needs to be documented, for now it's only visible in udev_rules_parse.c.
577 o The rule keys support now more operations. This is documented in the
578 man page. It is possible to add values to list-keys like the SYMLINK
579 and RUN list with KEY+="value" and to clear the list by assigning KEY="".
580 Also "final"-assignments are supported by using KEY:="value", which will
581 prevent changing the key by any later rule.
583 o kernel 2.6.12 has the "detached_state" attribute removed from
584 sysfs, which was used to recognize sysfs population. We switched that
585 to wait for the "bus" link, which is only available in kernels after 2.6.11.
586 Running this udev version on older kernels may cause a short delay for
589 o To provide infrastructure for persistent device naming, the id programs:
590 scsi_id, vol_id (former udev_volume_id), and ata_id (new) are able now
591 to export the probed data in environment key format:
592 pim:~ # /sbin/ata_id --export /dev/hda
593 ID_MODEL=HTS726060M9AT00
594 ID_SERIAL=MRH401M4G6UM9B
598 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", IMPORT="/sbin/ata_id --export $tempnode"
599 KERNEL="hd*[!0-9]", ENV{ID_SERIAL}=="?*", SYMLINK+="disk/by-id/$env{ID_MODEL}_$env{ID_SERIAL}"
602 kay@pim:~> tree /dev/disk
605 | |-- HTS726060M9AT00_MRH401M4G6UM9B -> ../../hda
606 | `-- IBM-Memory_Key -> ../../sda
608 | |-- swap -> ../../hda1
609 | |-- date -> ../../sda1
610 | `-- home -> ../../hda3
612 |-- 2E08712B0870F2E7 -> ../../hda3
613 |-- 9352cfef-7687-47bc-a2a3-34cf136f72e1 -> ../../hda1
614 |-- E845-7A89 -> ../../sda1
615 `-- b2a61681-3812-4f13-a4ff-920d70604299 -> ../../hda2
617 The IMPORT= operation will import these keys in the environment and make
618 it available for later PROGRAM= and RUN= executed programs. The keys are
619 also stored in the udevdb and can be queried from there with one of the
622 o A few binaries are silently added to the repository, which can be used
623 to replay kernel events from initramfs instead of using coldplug. udevd
624 can be instructed now to queue-up events while the stored events from
625 initramfs are filled into the udevd-queue. This code is still under
626 development and there is no documentation now besides the code itself.
627 The additional binaries get compiled, but are not installed by default.
629 o There is also a temporary fix for a performance problem where too many
630 events happen in parallel and every event needs to parse the rules.
631 udev can now read precompiled rules stored on disk. This is likely to be
632 replaced by a more elegant solution in a future udev version.
636 With kernel version 2.6.12, the sysfs file "detached_state" was removed.
637 Fix for libsysfs not to expect this file was added.
641 All rules are applied now, but only the first matching rule with a NAME-key
642 will be applied. All later rules with NAME-key are completely ignored. This
643 way system supplied symlinks or permissions gets applied to user-defined
647 Please check your rules setup, if you may need to add OPTIONS="last_rule"
648 to some rules, to keep the old behavior.
650 The rules are read on "remove"-events too. That makes is possible to match
651 with keys that are available on remove (KERNEL, SUBSYSTEM, ID, ENV, ...) to
652 instruct udev to ignore an event (OPTIONS="ignore_device").
653 The new ACTION-key may be used to let a rule act only at a "remove"-event.
655 The new RUN-key supports rule-based execution of programs after device-node
656 handling. This is meant as a general replacement for the dev.d/-directories
657 to give fine grained control over the execution of programs.
659 The %s{}-sysfs format char replacement values are searched at any of the
660 devices in the device chain now, not only at the class-device.
662 We support log priority levels now. The value udev_log in udev.conf is used
663 to determine what is printed to syslog. This makes it possible to
664 run a version with compiled-in debug messages in a production environment
665 which is sometimes needed to find a bug.
666 It is still possible to supress the inclusion of _any_ syslog usage with
667 USE_LOG=false to create the smallest possible binaries if needed.
668 The configured udev_log value can be overridden with the environment variable
673 Possible use of a system-wide klibc:
674 make USE_KLIBC=true KLCC=/usr/bin/klcc all
675 will link against an external klibc and our own version will be ignored.
679 We support an unlimited count of symlinks now.
681 If USE_STATIC=true is passed to a glibc build, we link statically and use
682 a built-in userdb parser to resolve user and group names.
684 The PLACE= key is gone. It can be replaced by an ID= for a long time, because
685 we walk up the chain of physical devices to find a match.
687 The KEY="<value>" format supports '=', '==', '!=,' , '+=' now. This makes it
688 easy to skip certain attribute matches without composing rules with weird
689 character class negations like:
690 KERNEL="[!s][!c][!d]*"
691 this can now be replaced with:
693 The current simple '=' is still supported, and should work as it does today,
694 but existing rules should be converted if possible, to be better readable.
696 We have new ENV{}== key now, to match against a maximum of 5 environment
699 udevstart is its own binary again, because we don't need co carry this araound
700 with every forked event.